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Yance, Imelda. "SITUASI DIGLOSIA SUKU BONAI DI PROVINSI RIAU." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 8, no. 2 (January 19, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.31503/madah.v8i2.645.
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Suku Bonai (suku terasing dan minoritas di Provinsi Riau) merupakan masyarakat yang dwi/multilingual. Mereka berpotensi menjadi masyarakat yang diglosik karena menguasai dan menggunakan lebih dari satu bahasa dalam komunikasi. Untuk mengetahui potensi tersebut, kajian ini difokuskan pada kediglosiaan suku Bonai. Tujuannya adalah untuk menentukan dan mendeskripsikan status kediglosiaan suku Bonai dari segi fungsi, prestise, warisan budaya, pemerolehan, standardisasi, stabilitas, leksikon, dan sistem fonologis. Kajian ini bersifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan studi kepustakaan. Sampel berjumlah 78 orang, ditarik dengan teknik acak bertujuan. Data kuantitatif diolah dengan program Excel dan SPSS sedangkan data kualitatif dengan diolah dengan analisis wacana. Dari analisis data, suku Bonai dapat dikategorikan sebagai masyarakat yang diglosik sekaligus bilingualisme. Simpulan tersebut didasari oleh aspek fungsi, prestise, pemerolehan, standardisasi, leksikon, dan sistem fonologis. Dari analisis data juga terungkap bahwa bahasa Indonesia merupakan kode H (high) sementara bahasa suku Bonai merupakan kode L (low). Walaupun demikian, situasi diglosia pada suku Bonai belum mantap dari segi stabilitas karena belum berlangsung dalam masa ratusan tahun. Di samping itu, juga terjadi ketirisan diglosia (diglossia leaked), yaitu penyusupan kode L ke ranah-ranah kode H atau sebaliknya.
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Yance, Imelda. "SITUASI DIGLOSIA SUKU BONAI DI PROVINSI RIAU." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 8, no. 2 (January 19, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/madah.v8i2.645.
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Suku Bonai (suku terasing dan minoritas di Provinsi Riau) merupakan masyarakat yang dwi/multilingual. Mereka berpotensi menjadi masyarakat yang diglosik karena menguasai dan menggunakan lebih dari satu bahasa dalam komunikasi. Untuk mengetahui potensi tersebut, kajian ini difokuskan pada kediglosiaan suku Bonai. Tujuannya adalah untuk menentukan dan mendeskripsikan status kediglosiaan suku Bonai dari segi fungsi, prestise, warisan budaya, pemerolehan, standardisasi, stabilitas, leksikon, dan sistem fonologis. Kajian ini bersifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan studi kepustakaan. Sampel berjumlah 78 orang, ditarik dengan teknik acak bertujuan. Data kuantitatif diolah dengan program Excel dan SPSS sedangkan data kualitatif dengan diolah dengan analisis wacana. Dari analisis data, suku Bonai dapat dikategorikan sebagai masyarakat yang diglosik sekaligus bilingualisme. Simpulan tersebut didasari oleh aspek fungsi, prestise, pemerolehan, standardisasi, leksikon, dan sistem fonologis. Dari analisis data juga terungkap bahwa bahasa Indonesia merupakan kode H (high) sementara bahasa suku Bonai merupakan kode L (low). Walaupun demikian, situasi diglosia pada suku Bonai belum mantap dari segi stabilitas karena belum berlangsung dalam masa ratusan tahun. Di samping itu, juga terjadi ketirisan diglosia (diglossia leaked), yaitu penyusupan kode L ke ranah-ranah kode H atau sebaliknya.
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Veniaty, Syarah. "Fenomena Diglosia Pada Tuturan Mahasiswa Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya." Pedagogik: Jurnal Pendidikan 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/pedagogik.v16i1.1887.
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Fenomena diglosia merupakan situasi penggunaan ragam bahasa yang secara bersama-sama atau bergantian dalam satu proses komunikasi. Ciri komunikasi yang termasuk ke situasi diglosia atau diglostik adalah saat ragam bahasa tinggi (T) digunakan bersamaan dengan ragam bahasa rendah (R) oleh sekelompok penutur bahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan fenomena diglosia yang terjadi di kalangan mahasiswa IAIN Palangka Raya dalam proses belajar-mengajar. Objek penelitian adalah tuturan mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengamatan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui teknik padan referensial dan translasional. Sedangkan penentuan maknanya menggunakan metode kontekstual. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa situasi penggunaan bahasa pada mahasiswa IAIN Palangka Raya mengalami situasi diglostik, yakni penggunaan dua variasi bahasa Indonesia, yakni bahasa Indonesia baku atau bahasa Indonesia ragam tinggi (H:) dan bahasa Indonesia tidak baku yang bercampur bahasa daerah sebagai ragam rendah (L:) dalam proses pembelajaran. Dua variasi bahasa yang memiliki masing-masing peranan ini digunakan bersamaan atau bergantian oleh mahasiswa pada saat pembelajaran di IAIN Palangka Raya.
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Winford, Donald. "The concept of “diglossia” in Caribbean creole situations." Language in Society 14, no. 3 (September 1985): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500011301.
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ABSTRACTFerguson's concept of diglossia is examined with a view to dedetermining its applicability to creole continua. The characteristics of classic instances of diglossia are subdivided into sociocultural and linguistic features, and these in turn are used as a basis for determining the extent to which different types of community might be fruitfully described as diglossic. The conclusion is drawn that creole continua share far more in common with Ferguson's defining cases of diglossia than they do not, and far more than other types of speech community. (Diglossia, Creole continua, Typology of speech communities)
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Marcato, Gianna. "Il riflesso della diglossia italiana nella produzione letteraria: la complessità sociolinguistica del Veneto riflessa nei testi letterari di Ruzante e Zanzotto." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia de Cultura 9, no. 3 (June 28, 2018): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20837275.9.3.2.
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Il contributo mette a fuoco la realtà linguistica italiana attraverso la produzione artistica di due autori, Angelo Beolco (1496?–1542), detto Ruzante, e Andrea Zanzotto (1921–2011), che consentono di penetrare profondamente nella “questione della lingua” di due periodi cronologicamente lontani, ma essenzialmente collegati tra loro da una costante: la diglossia che, da sempre, caratterizza quell’intarsio linguistico e culturale che è l’Italia. In definitiva, raccogliendo l’invito contenuto nel titolo del convegno, la sfida che può venire dall’approccio a questi due autori è quella di consentire una più completa conoscenza dell’italianità.Odbicie włoskiej diglosji w produkcji literackiej: złożoność socjolingwistyczna dialektuweneckiego odzwierciedlona w tekstach literackich Ruzantego i ZanzottaArtykuł pokazuje złożoność rzeczywistości językowej Włoch poprzez analizę dzieł dwóch pisarzy: Angelo Beolco (1496?–1542), zwanego „Ruzante”, oraz Andrei Zanzotto (1921–2011). Ich twórczość, pochodząca z odległych od siebie epok, łączy wspólna cecha – diglosja, która od zawsze była charakterystyczna dla pejzażu językowego Włoch. Fakt, że obydwaj autorzy ukazują w swojej twórczości złożony repertuar językowy, rzuca światło na wielowiekową dyskusję o kwestii językowej we Włoszech.
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Chen, Ping. "Modern Written Chinese in development." Language in Society 22, no. 4 (December 1993): 505–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500017450.
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ABSTRACTAs a case study in the formation of a new written language in a speech community moving from diglossia toward a “standard-with-dialects”, this article analyzes the development of M[odern] W[ritten] C[hinese] during the past 80 years. After a brief account of the historical background, the article discusses the sources and avenues of influence on the development of MWC, then examines the emergent grammatical and lexical norms, and investigates the variations displayed by the four main Chinese communities: mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. The role of language planning is also explored. The similarities and differences between China and Western Europe, in their progress from diglossic to non-diglossic communities, are discussed. (Diglossia, Chinese linguistics, written language, language planning)
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Sabir, Mona, and Sabah Safi. "Developmental Diglossia: Diglossic Switching and the Equivalence Constraint." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Arts and Humanities 16, no. 2 (2008): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.16-2.4.
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Yun, Dae-seok. "Lee Kwangsu’s Recognition of Diglossia and his Diglossic Writings." Korean Language and Literature in International Context 82 (September 30, 2019): 405–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31147/iall.82.15.
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Snow, Don. "Diglossia in East Asia." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 20, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 124–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.20.1.10sno.
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This article examines the most extensive case of diglossia in history, that of diglossia in East Asia. In pre-modern times, Classical Chinese functioned as the high (H) language variety in not only China, but also Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, and this entire region can arguably be viewed as a single instance of diglossia in the sense that the rise and eventual decline of diglossia in these societies followed similar patterns, and changes in one society often affected the others. Examination of diglossia in East Asia shows that even during long centuries of apparent stability, gradual changes were always underway, hence supporting Hudson’s (2002) view that stability in diglossic patterns is at best relative. The East Asian case also supports Coulmas’ (2002) view that writing is pivotal to any theory of diglossia, in that the division of roles between H and L in East Asia was essentially one of written/spoken language. Finally, the case of East Asia suggests that there are two essentially different kinds of diglossia, a traditional kind which is common in pre-modern societies and in which H is what Anderson (2006) calls a “sacred language,” and a less common modern kind in which H is a modern standard language.
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Wiggers, Heiko. "Living with L: H-Speakers’ Perceptions of the L-Variety in Northern Germany." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 24, no. 4 (November 19, 2012): 325–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542712000128.
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Based on two sociolinguistic field studies from 2003 and 2009, this paper discusses the language attitudes of High German speakers (H-speakers) toward Low German (the L-variety) in the county of Bentheim, a diglossic speech community in northwestern Germany. While language attitudinal studies are largely absent from the sociolin-guistic corpus in Germany and from Low German research altogether, diglossic studies largely focus on the L-variety and its speakers and evolution. This paper is one of the first attempts to analyze the H-speakers’ perceptions and evaluations of the L-variety over a longer period of time within the fields of diglossia and Low German.
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Setiawati, Eti, Dany Ardhian, Wahyu Widodo, and NFN Warsiman. "VITALITAS BAHASA, DIGLOSIA, DAN KETIRISANNYA: PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA MANDURO DI DESA MANDURO, KECAMATAN KABUH, KABUPATEN JOMBANG, JAWA TIMUR." Widyaparwa 47, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v47i2.293.
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A minority language will be very difficult to survive if the language is surrounded by a majority language, moreover, this region is very dependent on the surrounding area, both in terms of economy, government, education, and health. However, some regions can survive and are not affected by the surrounding languages. This study seeks to describe the language vitality, diglossia, and language leakage.The study sites were taken in four hamlets (Dander, Goa, Matokan, and Gesing) Manduro Village, Kabuh, Jombang, East Java. Manduro village was chosen because its inhabitants speak Madurese, but are surrounded by Javanese residents and are separated from their mother tongue (Madurese). Data sources were taken from one hundred respondents in four groups (children, teenagers, adults, and old).Data collection uses source triangulation techniques: observation (note-taking), questionnaire (adapted from Bahasa Kita Atmajaya questioner), and in-depth interviews. The results of the study showed that language vitality index was 0.69; category IV; stable, but potentially threatened. Diglossia is in family domain, kinship, neighbors, and friendship. The language leakage occured of friendship domain.Suatu bahasa minoritas akan sangat sulit bertahan jika bahasa itu dikepung oleh bahasa mayoritas, apalagi wilayah ini sangat bergantung pada wilayah sekitarnya, baik dari sisi ekonomi, pemerintahan, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Akan tetapi, beberapa daerah seperti itu justru mampu bertahan dan tidak terpengaruh dengan bahasa-bahasa di sekitarnya.Kajian ini berusaha mendeskripsikan vitalitas bahasa, diglosia, dan ketirisan bahasa (language leakage).Lokasi penelitian diambil di empat dusun (Dander, Goa, Matokan, dan Gesing) Desa Manduro, Kecamatan Kabuh, Kabupaten Jombang, Jawa Timur. Desa Manduro dipilih karena penduduknya berbahasa Madura, tetapi dikelilingi oleh penduduk berbahasa Jawa serta terpisah dengan bahasa induknya (bahasa Madura). Sumber data diambil dari seratus responden dalam empat kelompok (anak, remaja, dewasa, dan manula). Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber: pengamatan (simak-catat), angket (diadopsi dari questioner Bahasa Sehar-hari Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atmajaya, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan indeks vitalitas bahasa adalah 0,69, kategori IV, dengan situasi bahasa stabil-mantap, tetapi berpotensi terancam. Diglosia terdapat pada ranah keluarga, kerabat, pertetanggaan, dan pertemanan. Ketirisan diglosia terjadi pada ranah pertemanan.
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Colasuonno, Maria Maddalena. "Some Considerations on the Problem of Diglossia in Biblical Hebrew." Annali Sezione Orientale 76, no. 1-2 (November 28, 2016): 124–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340006.
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This article challenges the notion of diglossia, invoked by Gary A. Rendsburg (1990) as one of the parameters of linguistic variation in Biblical Hebrew, from both the methodological and linguistic points of view. Firstly, thus far the existence of diglossia in Biblical Hebrew has been widely accepted, although no Hebraist has demonstrated the functional specialization between spoken and written Hebrew (i.e. low vs. high varieties) in biblical times. Secondly, among the alleged diglossic isoglosses presented by Rendsburg, 1) gender neutralisation; 2) -שֶׁ instead of אֲשֶׁר as nota relationis; and 3) the proleptic pronominal suffix are discussed. Finally, by combining the sociolinguistic and pragmatic approaches this survey aims to cast new light on these debated isoglosses.
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Ready, Carol. "Maintaining the status quo." Language Problems and Language Planning 42, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00018.rea.
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Abstract Arabic is considered one of the defining cases of diglossia (Ferguson, 1959; Sayahi, 2014). Despite previous scholars’ critiques that the construct of diglossia perpetuates linguistic and societal inequalities, few studies have examined how this seminal construct has been enacted in language policy (Woolard & Schieffelin, 1994; Pennycook, 1994; Harris, 1981). This paper addresses this gap by examining language policy in context through an intertextual analysis of language policy documents including the 1992 European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and several reports on their fulfillment of the charter’s requirements. Using Irvine and Gal’s (2000) framework of three semiotic processes of ideology, the texts demonstrate the use of the notion of diglossia as a tool of iconization, fractal recursivity, and erasure used to naturalize current linguistic inequalities. Consequently, diglossic descriptions are taken up in policy documents in service of a particular language ideology that justifies suppression of minority languages such as is the case of Arabic in Ceuta.
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Nataprawira, Halim, and Michael Carey. "Towards developing colloquial Indonesian language pedagogy: A corpus analysis." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 2 (October 18, 2020): 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v10i2.28610.
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This study was motivated by the situation that many students studying Indonesian language have problems to understand and communicate in spoken Indonesian. This is because Indonesian is a diglossic language in which different sets of grammar and vocabulary are used between the high and low diglossic variants, whereas students are usually only taught the high diglossic variant. Only the high diglossic variant of formal Indonesian has an official status, while the low diglossic variant of colloquial Indonesian does not. Sneddon observed that in everyday speech the linguistic features of high and low diglossic variants are merging into a middle variant that Errington called Middle Indonesian. This study examines the extent to which a middle variant of spoken Indonesian has formed by quantifying the amount of high and low linguistic elements that are present in a corpus of everyday spoken Indonesian derived from audio-recordings and written texts containing spoken language. We collected and classified a 14,000+ word corpus of spoken Indonesian. With reference to published descriptions of high (formal) and low (colloquial) diglossia, each colloquial item in the corpus was counted and calculated as a ratio to the total N of the corpus. Colloquial features were found with an average proportion of 0.39 across the corpus, indicating that colloquial Indonesian lexicon and grammar may contribute as much as 39% to everyday spoken Indonesian. This result evidences the need to include this middle variant of spoken Indonesian in the design and resourcing of materials within the Indonesian language curriculum.
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Kindt, Kristian Takvam, Jacob Høigilt, and Tewodros Aragie Kebede. "Writing Change: Diglossia and Popular Writing Practices in Egypt." Arabica 63, no. 3-4 (May 26, 2016): 324–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341405.
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Arabic is considered a paradigmatic case of diglossia, where written language is regarded as largely the domain of fuṣḥā. Presenting the results of a large-scale survey of language attitudes and practices in Cairo, we argue that this view should be reconsidered. A representative majority of Cairo’s literate population in fact report writing predominantly in the vernacular (ʿāmmiyya), and also regard it as a legitimate written variety, contradicting common assumptions about popular language attitudes. At the same time, fuṣḥā retains its position as an idealized prestigious variety. These surprising results are explained by rising levels of literacy and the growth of computer-mediated communication. The results encourage a rethinking of the language situation in the Arab world, supporting the view that diglossia is a social and cultural resource rather than a problem. L’arabe est considéré comme un cas paradigmatique de diglossie, dans lequel la langue écrite est largement perçue comme le domaine de la fuṣḥā, ou arabe standard moderne. En présentant les résultats d’une enquête à grande échelle sur les attitudes et pratiques langagières au Caire, nous estimons que ce point de vue devrait être reconsidéré. Une majorité représentative de la population éduquée du Caire écrit principalement en langue vernaculaire (ʿāmmiyya) pour rapporter des informations, et perçoit cette langue comme une variante légitime d’écrit, contredisant les affirmations sur les attitudes populaires vis-à-vis de la langue. Dans le même temps, le fuṣḥā garde sa position de variante prestigieuse et idéalisée. Ces résultats s’expliquent par différents niveaux d’alphabétisation et par le développement de la communication informatique. Les résultats invitent à repenser la situation linguistique du monde arabe, en soutenant l’idée que la diglossie est une richesse sociale et culturelle plutôt qu’un problème. This article is in French.
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Yau, Wai-Ping. "Power, Identity and Subtitling in a Diglossic Society." Meta 57, no. 3 (July 8, 2013): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017080ar.
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This article attempts to address the problematics of identity and power relations as they arise in the practice of subtitling. Specifically, the article asks questions about how subtitling can play an active part in the shaping of identity by mediating between the local, the national and the global, and how the subtitler can be an agent in adjusting the power relations between cultural constituencies. These questions are considered in the context of a diglossic society, not only because issues about language, identity and power relations are inextricably involved in discussions about diglossia, but also because diglossia is a common experience for many subtitlers and film audiences. The possibility is explored that the subtitler can create a hybrid language that redefines the rigid roles assigned to the local dialect and the national language and revises our codes for reading subtitles. Examples from Hong Kong are used to illustrate these points.
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KHAMIS-DAKWAR, REEM, KAREN FROUD, and PETER GORDON. "Acquiring diglossia: mutual influences of formal and colloquial Arabic on children's grammaticality judgments." Journal of Child Language 39, no. 1 (April 14, 2011): 61–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000910000784.
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ABSTRACTThere are differences and similarities between Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and spoken varieties of Arabic, in all language domains. To obtain preliminary insights into interactions between the acquisition of spoken and standard varieties of a language in a diglossic situation, we employed forced-choice grammaticality judgments to investigate morphosyntactic knowledge of MSA and the local variant of Palestinian Colloquial Arabic (PCA), in 60 Arabic-speaking children aged 6 ; 4 to 12 ; 4, from a school in Nazareth. We used morphosyntactic structures which either differed or were similar between PCA and standard Arabic. Children generally performed better on items presented in PCA than in standard Arabic, with the exception of constructions involving negation. Children performed better on items when the two constructions were similar in both language varieties. We discuss the results with respect to the multiple factors that affect acquisition in a diglossic situation, and relate our findings to the possibility of interference effects of diglossia on learning.
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Managan, Kathe. "The sociolinguistic situation in Guadeloupe." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 31, no. 2 (October 14, 2016): 253–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.31.2.02man.
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In the literature on Caribbean creoles two descriptive models have dominated to explain the structures of linguistic codes, the relationships between them, and their distribution: diglossia and the creole continuum. Most Anglophone linguists have argued that it is most accurate to describe the linguistic contexts of Martinique and Guadeloupe as stable diglossic situations in which two recognizable linguistic varieties with specific functional assignments are spoken. They contrast the French Antilles with the Caribbean islands where an English-lexifer creole is spoken, described as examples of creole continua. This paper reconsiders the applicability of the diglossia model for describing the linguistic varieties in Guadeloupe and the patterns of their use. I explain why most Antillean scholars describe the French Antilles as examples of diglossia, yet also acknowledge a creole continuum with intermediate varieties of both French and Kréyòl. As a further point, I consider whether or not Guadeloupe’s linguistic situation is best described as a stable one. In doing so, I counter the argument of Meyjes (1995) that language shift is occurring in favor of French monolingualism. My goal in this paper is to foster dialogue between Francophone and Anglophone creolists and to clarify some of our basic assumptions about Caribbean creoles.
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Zughoul, Muhammad Raji, and Mohammed El-Badarien1. "Diglossia in Literary Translation: Accommodation into Translation Theory." Meta 49, no. 2 (October 28, 2004): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009369ar.
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Abstract Sociolinguistic research on varieties of language and language variation along with the necessity for meeting “equivalence” in terms of the appropriateness of the variety to the context have been well recognized in the formulation of a translation theory (Catford 1965, Crystal 1981, Newmark 1981 & 1988, and Mason 1990 among many others). However, the treatment of variation has always been restricted to “dialect” and has not encompassed the notion of diglossia. The delineation of equivalence in diglossic languages still begs for more questions than answers especially in literary translation where there is a continuous shift from one variety to another depending on the portrayal of characters and their interaction.
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Matthey, Marinette. "Diglossie." Langage et société N° 174, no. 3 (September 9, 2021): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ls.hs01.0112.
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Al-Busaidi, Fatma Y. "Arabic in Foreign Language Programmes: Difficulties and Challenges." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol9iss4pp701-717.
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The purpose of this study was to review the reported literature regarding Arabic language programmes. It gives an overview of the historical background of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL) programmes. It also provided a brief description of the Arabic language and its characteristics, and how they might cause some difficulties. Specifically, the diglossic phenomenon in Arabic programmes and how Arabic programmes deal with diglossia was discussed. Pedagogical factors, such as the lack of clearly articulated objectives in TAFL, the lack of coordination between Arabic programmes, the lack of experienced and qualified teachers, the shortage of materials and resources and insufficient presentation of Arab culture in (TAFL) programmes were also discussed.
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Tsiplakou, Stavroula. "How mixed is a ‘mixed’ system?" Linguistic Variation 14, no. 1 (November 25, 2014): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.14.1.07tsi.
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Cypriot and Standard Greek still stand in a diglossic relationship; however, recent work on Cypriot Greek points to ongoing processes of levelling of local sub-varieties and the emergence of a pancypriot koiné. This paper explores patterns of structural mixing between Standard and Cypriot Greek in the Cypriot koiné. The data indicate that structural mixing is mostly achieved through morphological choices, while Cypriot phonology and syntax remain largely intact. The fact that morphology has this capacity of a ‘buffer’ between two presumably competing grammatical systems provides a strong parallel to interlanguage phenomena and a potential account of why the two systems are prevented from merging. Keywords: competing grammars; Cypriot Greek; diglossia; koiné; levelling; Standard Greek
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Baur, Arthur. "Svisgermana diglosio." Language Problems and Language Planning 11, no. 3 (January 1, 1987): 350–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.11.3.07bau.
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Schweizerdeutsches Wörterverzeichnis Die deutschsprachige Schweiz wird gewöhnlich zum deutschen Sprachgebiet ge-zählt. Dies ist aber eine Mystifikation, da die deutsche Standardsprache in der Schweiz zwar im schriftlichen Gebrauch durchaus vorherrscht, unter Schweizern im Gespräch nie gebraucht wird. Die sogenannte deutsche Umgangssprache, die bei den nörd-lichen und östlichen Nachbarn der Schweiz die Dialekte sehr stark zurückgedrangt und abgewertet hat, kommt in der Schweiz nicht vor. Das Schweizerdeutsche, das lin-guistisch gesehen ein Dialekt und politisch gesehen eine Sprache ist, beherrscht das öffentliche Leben in einem Masse, dass anderssprachige Schweizer, die in der Schule Deutsch gelernt haben, sich beklagen. Zum Schluss macht der Autor einige linguistische Vergleiche und halt fest, dass das Schweizerdeutsche (Schwyzertütsch) lautlich eine frühere Sprachstufe festhält, morphologisch aber einen moderneren Sprachtypus reprä-sentiert.
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Fernández, Mauro. "Los Origenes del término diglosia." Historiographia Linguistica 22, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1995): 163–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.22.1-2.07fer.
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Summary This article reviews the history of the term ‘diglossia’, particularly from its first documented use by Rhoidis in 1885 to refer to the Greek linguistic situation, to Ferguson’s 1959 landmark article, in order to reveal its origin and process of circulation. The few authors who have dealt with the pre-Ferguson history of the term ‘diglossia’ depict it as a small series of isolated, sparsely scattered, barely connected occurrences. Contrary to this commonly accepted view, in this article it is argued that there existed a continuous use of the term in several languages between 1885 and 1959. It is suggested that this continuous use could have been inferred even from the scarce number of pre-Ferguson references which had been located previously. Some interpretations about the coinage of the term and the diffusion paths of these interpretations are discussed; it is shown why these accounts are inaccurate or highly implausible. Finally, focus is placed on the first documented usages of Greek διγλωσσία and French diglossie in 1885 to mean ‘two forms of the same language’. Contrary to the common opinion that διγλωσσία used to mean simply ‘bilingualism’, it is argued that this development is recent and follows the coinage of bilinguisme in French, bilingualism in English, bilinguismo in Italian, etc. Furthermore, any linguistic sense of the Greek term διγλωσσία is argued to be relatively recent; thus, Rhoidis’ pioneering use must be seen as a creative neologism based on the traditional sense of Greek διγλωσσία as “falsehood”, “hypocrisy”, “deceitfulness” or “double-tonguedness”.
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Colonna, Romain. "Réévaluer le conflit diglossique en Corse: apports et dépassements de la sociolinguistique du conflit." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2020, no. 261 (February 25, 2020): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2019-2061.
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AbstractThis article attempts to establish the important links between Corsican sociolinguistics and Catalan sociolinguistics. To this end, it returns to the main characteristics of Catalan sociolinguistics through the notion of “diglossia” and “language conflict” it generates, notions that have largely fed minority studies. Moreover, the terms of the famous Catalan dilemma are clearly stated by the substitution of the dominated language or its normalization as inevitable outcomes of linguistic conflict. The reflection tries to establish the parallels between the various situations and the passage from the Catalan elaboration of a conceptual tooling in a situation of domination to the Corsican sociolinguistic and political fields. Finally, we propose to re-evaluate the initial Catalan conceptual framework in order to better adapt it to the Corsican situation, notably by showing some limits of this framework in terms of diglossic polarities and representations.
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PRICE, ROGER D., and ROBERT C. DALGLEISH. "Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), with descriptions of 18 new species." Zootaxa 1174, no. 1 (April 19, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1174.1.1.
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The four species of previously named Myrsidea from tanagers are redescribed. Eighteen new species are described and illustrated. They and their type hosts are Myrsidea cyanocephalae ex Thraupis cyanocephala (d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye), M. suttoni ex Euphonia jamaica (L.), M. tangarae ex Tangara mexicana (L.), M. icterocephalae ex Tangara icterocephala (Bonaparte), M. violaceae ex Euphonia violacea (L.), M. melanopis ex Schistochlamys melanopis (Latham), M. cayanae ex Tangara cayana (L.), M. ophthalmici ex Chlorospingus ophthalmicus (Du Bus), M. fuscicaudae ex Habia fuscicauda (Cabanis), M. zenae ex Spindalis zena (L.), M. rufi ex Tachyphonus rufus (Boddaert), M. phoenicii ex Tachyphonus phoenicius Swainson, M. diglossae ex Diglossa lafresnayii (Boissonneau), M. venustae ex Dacnis venusta Lawrence, M. ramphoceli ex Ramphocelus carbo (Pallas), M. surinami ex Tachyphonus surinamus (L.), M. spizae ex Chlorophanes spiza (L.), and M. mitrospingi ex Mitrospingus cassinii (Lawrence). Keys are provided for the identification of these 22 species.
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Ahmed Abdelbary Abdellatif, Alhassan. "Diglossie de l'arabe." مجلة کلية الآداب 47, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfa.2018.189303.
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VILLENEUVE, ANNE-JOSÉ, and JULIE AUGER. "‘chtileu qu'i m'freumereu m'bouque i n'est point coér au monne’: Grammatical variation and diglossia in Picardie." Journal of French Language Studies 23, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269512000385.
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ABSTRACTIn this article, we analyze French and Picard data, extracted from sociolinguistic interviews with four Picard–French bilingual speakers and four French monolingual speakers from the Vimeu (Somme) area of France, in order to determine whether the two closely-related varieties maintain distinct grammars or whether they now constitute varieties of the same language. Focusing on two linguistic variables, subject doubling andnedeletion, we argue that the variation observed in our French data results from variation within a single grammar, while our Picard data display markedly different patterns that can only be explained by a speaker's switch to a Picard grammar. We propose a model that schematises our results and attempts to reconcile the notions of diglossia and variation. In addition to providing empirical evidence in favour of an approach that recognises the structurally distinct status of Picard, our data indicate that resorting to a diglossic approach for French fails to capture the intrinsically variable nature of human language.
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Matsumoto, Kazuko. "A restudy of postcolonial Palau after two decades." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 30, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2020): 34–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00044.mat.
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Abstract This paper reports results from a reinvestigation of multilingualism in postcolonial Palau, conducted twenty years after the first study. The first-ever ethnographic language survey conducted in 1997–1998 highlighted the diglossic nature of Palau where English replaced Japanese as the ‘high’ language, while indigenous Palauan remained as the ‘low’ spoken language. It indicated three possible future scenarios: (a) shift from multilingualism to bilingualism after the older Japanese-speaking generation passes away; (b) stability of diglossia with a clear social division between an English-speaking elite and a predominantly Palauan-speaking non-elite; (c) movement towards an English-speaking nation with Palauan being abandoned. The restudy conducted in 2017–2018 provides real-time evidence to assess the direction and progress of change, whilst the ethnographic analysis of recent changes in language policies and the linguistic analysis of teenagers’ narratives reveal the unpopularity of Palauan as a written language and the emergence of their own variety of English.
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Muslihah, Muslihah, and Muhammad Suryadi. "Ketimpangan Diglosik dalam Peristiwa Tutur Masyarakat Multilingal Mesuji Raya Sumatera Selatan." Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran (KIBASP) 3, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kibasp.v3i1.918.
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The purpose of this research is to explain the linguistic situation in the form of diglossic inequality in speech events that occur in the Mesuji Raya. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The stages in this study began with data collection conducted by observation, interview, and note taking techniques. The data in this study consisted of natural utterances used by the Javanese Mesuji Raya speech community. The next stage is the stage of data analysis carried out by the matching method. The results obtained after analyzing the data are Javanese and Indonesian language codes have the Javanese language of instruction in Mesuji Raya and the seat is of a high variety (T) and the low variance code (R), Javanese speakers in this region do not like to use Javanese language codes correctly, and Understand also Understanding the language given by the Javanese people in Mesuji Raya in the various manners is still low. Conclusion, the use of the low variance code (R) is also used as a means of code switching in high variance speech (T), this is caused by linguistic factors, namely the ability of utilization required by the speaker.
Keywords: Diglosic Inequality, Multilingual Society, Mesuji Raya.
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Daniëls, Helge. "Diglossia." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 28, no. 2 (May 7, 2018): 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.00006.dan.
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Abstract Diglossia is, as far as the Arabic language is concerned, a concept that has been taken for granted, as much as it has been criticized. First, based on Ferguson’s article on diglossia and subsequent interpretations and ramifications of the concept and with a special focus on how language variability is discursively deployed and how it is perceived in the Arab speech community, I will argue that diglossia does not so much describe actual language use, but rather how language variability is ‘read’ in the Arab world. In the second part of the article, an analysis of labeling in a 19th century debate will show how the dichotomy between fuṣḥā and non-fuṣḥā varieties (ʿāmmīya),1 which is the basis of diglossia, was already taken for granted long before the concept and the term existed, and even before fuṣḥā and ʿāmmīya were used as independent lexical items. The analysis in both parts of the article shows how much diglossia is taken for granted by most native speakers of Arabic, even if it defies linguistic descriptions of actual language use. It is exactly this ‘common-sense-ness’ that suggests that diglossia is a useful tool to describe language ideological attitudes.
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Berruto, Gaetano, Daniel Elmiger, and Marinette Matthey. "Langue, dialecte, diglossie, dilalie." Langage et société N°171, no. 3 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ls.171.0055.
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Vašek, Aantonín. "Od bilingvismu k diglosii." Studia Slavica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 46, no. 1-2 (May 2001): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/sslav.46.2001.1-2.8.
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Rinzat Iriyansah, Muhamad. "Ngoko and Krama in Non Formal Diglosia Situation in Lamongan (A Sociolinguistic Study)." Jurnal KATA 3, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/kata.v3i1.3954.
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<em>This research aims to observe a linguistic phenomenon in using “ngoko” and “kromo” as speech varieties in informal diglosioa situation of neighborhood domain in Lamongan. Descriptive qualitative method with content analysis teachnique is applied in this research. Non-participant observation with tapping technique was applied in data collection and the researcher also used participant observation with recording technique in some situations. The result shows that the diglossia situation among the speakers of Javanese speech community in Lamongan dominantly occurs in symmetrical and asymmetrical familiar situation. In a familiar symmetrical situation, all language varieties used is ngoko lugu-ngoko lugu. It indicates that the paralell social factor and close relationship among speakers cause the use of ngoko variety with specific variant of ngoko lugu. On the other hand, the familiar asymmetrical situation is dominated by the use of ngoko lugu-ngoko lugu variety and the rest are varieties of ngoko alus-ngoko alus and ngoko alus-ngoko lugu as well as the T variety which is krama lugu-krama lugu.</em>
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Iryani, Endang. "Diglosia antara Bahasa Jawa dan Sunda (Study Kasus Masyarakat Bahasa Kecamatan Lemah Abang Kabupaten Cirebon)." Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan MH Thamrin 1, no. 1 (September 10, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37012/jipmht.v1i1.1.
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Diglosia merupakan fenomena masyarakat yang menggunakan dua bahasa dalam kehidupan seharihari. Diglosia hampir mirip dengan bilingual akan tetapi diglosia berdasarkan teori Fishman memiliki tarap bahasa tinggi dan bahasa rendah. Penelitian yang dilakukan di kecamatan Lemah Abang Kabupaten Cirebon Jawa Barat merupakan penelitian deskriptif terhadap diglosia bahasaJawa dan Sunda di masyarakat pengguna bahasa Lemah Abang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan Fenomologi. Penelitian inimenjabarkan keadaan bahasa Jawa dan Sunda yang terdapat pada masyarakat kecamatan Lemah Abang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Analisa diglosia yang digunakan oleh penulis menggunakan teori Ferguson, yakni Fungsi, Prestise, Pemerolehan, Standardisasi, Stabilitas, Gramatika, Leksikon, dan Fonologi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pertama bahasa jawa digunakan oleh masyarakat kecamatan Lembah Aban lebih banyak digunakan pada saat transaksi perdagangan dan bisnis lainya. Kedua, ada garis teritorial bahasa pada kecamatan Lembah Abang, desa lemah abang mayoritas bahasa yang digunakan adalah jawa sedangkan desa Sindang Laut dan Asem adalah bahasa Sunda. Ketiga, masyarkat yang bahasa ibunya dalah bahasa sunda hampir masyarakatnya mampu menggunakan bahasa jawa dengan aksen dan itonasi mirip dengan pengguna bahasa jawa sebagai bahasa ibu. Sedangkan masyarakat bahasa jawa ketika menggunakan bahasa sunda terkendala dengan aksen danintonasinya.
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Mahmoud, Abdulmoneim. "Interlingual Transfer of Intralingual Errors: Lexical Substitution from MSA to EFL." Studies in English Language Teaching 7, no. 4 (October 24, 2019): p419. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v7n4p419.
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This study takes a closer look at the adverse effects of the use of interlingual transfer as a compensatory communication strategy by EFL learners with a diglossic background. The data were collected from the Arabic-English translations of 80 male and female third year university students studying introductory courses in translation as part of the requirements of their BA English program. A total of 850 interlingual lexical substitutions were detected out of which 219 (26%) could be due to intralingual problems within Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Most of these errors were cases of failure to distinguish between formally or semantically related words in MSA due to the lack of competence in this variety of Arabic. Accordingly, the study underscores the need for improvement of the teaching and learning of MSA which may help not only translators but also EFL learners who rely on interlingual transfer as a compensatory strategy. The study also calls for a deeper analysis of the interlingual errors of EFL learners in situations of diglossia where their level of competence in one variety is higher than the other. Further studies may reveal more about the magnitude and types of the interlingual transfer of intralingual errors.
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Ferguson, Charles A., Lucy Garnier, and Marinette Matthey. "Épilogue : la diglossie revisitée (1991)." Langage et société N°171, no. 3 (2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ls.171.0033.
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Ni’mah, Ummi Nurun. "BAHASA ARAB SEBAGAI BAHASA DIGLOSIS." Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2009): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2009.08102.
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Just like many centuries ago, the Arabic language today is under a “diglossic” situation. As a langue, it richly varies that among them are the “high” and the “low” –something that very common in a diglossic situation. The “high” is the formal variant, called fushā and the “low” is the colloquial spoken variant, called lahjah (dialect). This latest variant grows differently in many shapes that are not yet clearly classified as the linguists agree so far. The dichotomy between fushā-lahjah truly is not a new phenomenon in Arabic world as it has taken place since long ago. However, it has just become a serious problem lately. The dialectical Arabic growth of the lahjah with its plenty different variants in the centers of culture raises problems. This paper comes before you describing the general situation instead of the detail characteristic of every variant. Besides, herewith the discussion on the scientific attention on the matter of diglossic Arabic and —certainly— the problems it rises. The Arabic linguists pay so much attention to solve it for which the debates come largely. The unavoidable disagreements come into one of the three: keeping the fushā, contradicting it, or standing between. Some opinions are given for examples. However all out they have made their effort for it, it would remain a difficult problem without a serious consideration of all the Arab Unity on their own language. Therefore, the involvement of all of the Arabic states is absolutely needed.
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Zulkifli, Lili Agustina dan. "SITUASI DIGLOSIA PADA PENUTUR BAHASA NGAJU DI KECAMATAN KATINGAN TENGAH KABUPATEN KATINGAN KALTENG (DIGLOSIA SITUATION ON THE NGAJU LANGUAGE SPEAKERS IN KATINGAN REGENCY CENTRAL KATINGAN SUBDISTRICT OF CENTRAL KALIMANTAN)." JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA 4, no. 2 (July 18, 2017): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v4i2.3693.
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Situasi Diglosia pada Penutur Bahasa Ngaju di Kecamatan Katingan Tengah KabupatenKatingan Kalteng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahasa yang digunakan dan untukmengetahui situasi diglosia pada penutur bahasa Ngaju di Kecamatan Katingan Tengah KabupatenKatingan Kalteng. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif,dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalahobservasi, wawancara, kepustakaan, teknik rekam/simak dan teknik catat. Data tentang diglosiadilihat dari tujuh ranah, yakni ranah keluarga, ranah pergaulan, ranah transaksi jual beli, ranahagama, ranah pemerintahan, ranah pendidikan, dan ranah profesi/pekerjaan. Selain itu juga, data204diperoleh dari pemilihan bahasa, seperti di editorial surat kabar, siaran berita, dan sastra rakyat.Berdasarkan temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa penutur bahasa Ngaju merupakan bilingualdan multilingual. Hal ini terlihat dengan beragamnya bahasa yang digunakan dan penguasaandari masing-masing penutur bahasa Ngaju. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan ranah keluarga dan ranahpergaulan dengan teman sesuku, menunjukan bahwa masih dominannya penutur menggunakanbahasa Ngaju, dalam ranah transaksi jual beli, terlihat bahwa bahasa Banjar lebih dominan. Fungsibahasa Banjar sebagai bahasa transaksi jual beli di Kecamatan Katingan Tengah Kabupaten Katingan.Dalam ranah agama, khususnya kebaktian di Gereja terbentuk situasi triglosik (penggunaan bahasaNgaju dan bahasa Indonesia seimbang), sedangkan khotbah di Masjid lebih dominan menggunakanbahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa tinggi (T). Ranah pemerintahan, ranah pendidikan dan ranahprofesi, situasi diglosia yang terjadi adalah lebih dominan menggunakan bahasa Indonesia sebagairagam bahasa tinggi (T), walaupun terjadi diglosia yang kurang mantap pada ranah pendidikanyang dituturkan pelajar penutur Ngaju akibat penguasaan bahasa Indonesia yang masih kurangmantap. Pemilihan bahasa yang digunakan dalam editorial surat kabar dan siaran berita menggunakanbahasa Indonesia sebagai ragam bahasa tinggi (T), sedangkan sastra rakyat lebih dominanmenggunakan bahasa Ngaju (R) walaupun terdapat juga menggunakan bahasa Indonesia.Kata-kata kunci: diglosia, ranah, bahasa ngaju
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Baxter, Alan N. "Malacca Creole Portuguese in the 19th century." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 33, no. 2 (October 19, 2018): 247–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00016.bax.
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Abstract Earlier linguistic research suggested that Malacca Creole Portuguese (MCP) had existed without diglossia with Portuguese ever since the Dutch conquest of Portuguese Malacca in 1642, yet it had experienced some contact with Portuguese in the 19th and 20th centuries. The present study adds significantly to this discussion. It considers a range of information from sociohistorical studies and archival sources (including linguistic data) relating to the Dutch (1642–1795, 1818–1823) and early British (1795–1818, 1823–1884) colonial periods. For the Dutch period, it is seen that contact with other Creole Portuguese communities is likely to have persisted for some time. Most significant, however, is the finding that 19th century texts in Portuguese and creole Portuguese, recently identified in archival sources in London and Graz, show that Portuguese continued to be part of the Malacca sociolinguistic setting until the early British period, and that missionary Indo-Portuguese also had a presence at that time. It is concluded that, rather than presenting a narrow lectal range akin to that of the MCP community in the late 20th century, the creole lectal grid in the 19th century was more complex, and included dimensions of a continuum in a diglossic relationship with Portuguese.
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Hudson, Alan. "Diglossia: A bibliographic review." Language in Society 21, no. 4 (December 1992): 611–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004740450001575x.
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ABSTRACTThe bibliography following the body of this paper contains a total of 1,092 entries on the subject of diglossia. Entries dealing with diglossia in the classical sense of Ferguson (1959) and in the sense of functional compartmentalization of distinct languages are represented approximately equally. Scholarly publication in the area of diglossia continues unabated as indicated by the fact that approximately one-half of the entries in the bibliography were published between 1983 and 1992. However, there remains a need for a comprehensive integration, comparative analysis, and socioevolutionary interpretation of diglossia research. (Bilingualism, diglossia, functional variation, literary languages, registers, standard languages, standardization)
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Baclawski, Kenneth. "Diglossia and change from below in Eastern Cham." Asia-Pacific Language Variation 4, no. 1 (September 17, 2018): 73–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aplv.17003.bac.
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Abstract Diglossia canonically refers to language situations with unequal attitudes towards a formal ‘H’ variety, connected to writing, and a colloquial ‘L’ variety, connected to everyday speech. This paper claims that variation that arises as a marker of diglossia can become dissociated from it and persist in the L variety, if it is sufficiently orthogonal to the writing system. With a sociolinguistic survey (n = 30), this paper examines five variables that were markers of quasi-diglossia in Eastern Cham in previous decades. Three of the variables continue to be stereotypes or shibboleths of diglossia, while the other two no longer exhibit any correlation with diglossia: the spirantization of r and the labial coarticulation of ŋ. The latter were changes from below that decoupled from diglossia, because they were sufficiently opaque to Cham script.
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Lagarde, François. "Chamoiseau : l’écriture merveilleuse." Études françaises 37, no. 2 (September 9, 2004): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009013ar.
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Résumé Le drame, dans l’oeuvre de Chamoiseau, est historique (de la traite des Noirs au « pays dominé »), personnel (mélancolie du retour au pays natal ou maternel) et linguistique (la diglossie entre créole et français). Un style « merveilleux », dont les principaux traits sont l’amplification et l’écart, vient suppléer aux manques et aux trahisons. L’écart peut être perçu comme le résultat de la diglossie et de l’antagonisme entre la parole et l’écriture, alors que l’amplification renvoie au fantasme du sujet dominé, à son émerveillement. Le petit de la mère semble aspirer, par là, au « grand nom ».
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Kaye, Alan S. "Is English diglossic?" English Today 7, no. 4 (October 1991): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400005848.
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Andini, Erin Bella, and Ervina CM Simatupang. "DIGLOSSIA ON NOVEL." English Journal Literacy Utama 4, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/ejlutama.vol4.iss2.2020.419.
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Sneddon, J. N. "Diglossia in Indonesian." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 159, no. 4 (2003): 519–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003741.
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Mey, Jacob L. "Studies in diglossia." Journal of Pragmatics 20, no. 5 (November 1993): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(93)90041-m.
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Confiant, Raphaël. "Traduire la littérature en situation de diglossie." Palimpsestes, no. 12 (September 1, 2000): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/palimpsestes.1635.
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Samà, Cinzia. "Cerdeña: ¿podemos hablar de bilingüismo con diglosia?" Anuario de Letras Modernas 12 (September 30, 2005): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ffyl.01860526p.2004.12.733.
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Carpanin Marimoutou, Jean-Claude. "Lire la diglossie : l'exemple de la Réunion." Littérature 76, no. 4 (1989): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/litt.1989.1492.
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