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1
Rendsburg, Gary Alan. "Diglossia in ancient Hebrew /." New Haven (Conn.) : American oriental society, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388319157.
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2
Tsiouris, Evanthia. "Modern Greek : a study of diglossia." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329814.
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3
Ali, Sumaya Nader. "Reading ability and diglossia in Kuwaiti primary schools." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7457/.
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This project investigated the relationship between children‘s reading ability and their phonological awareness, phonological short term memory and visual short term memory in a diglossic setting. The study was conducted in Kuwait where children grow up speaking a Kuwaiti local form of the Arabic language. This form of Arabic is linguistically distinct from the literate Arabic. The children also deal with another type of words, which are Kuwaiti shared words. The effect of these different types of Arabic words on children‘s reading ability and phonological sensitivity was investigated. Four measures were administered in both studies; single word reading ability, phonological deletion, phonological short term memory and visual short term memory. Two studies were conducted; a cross-sectional study and a longitudinal study using four measures. In the cross-sectional study, forty-nine 6 year-old students participated. Results indicated that all predictor measures, phonological awareness, phonological short term memory and visual short term memory, correlated with reading ability. But regression analysis showed that only children‘s phonological awareness uniquely predicted reading ability when controlling for age and Verbal IQ. Anova showed that there was also a significant effect of word type on children‘s reading ability but not their phonological awareness. So children found it easier to read the modern standard Arabic and shared words than the local dialect words. In the longitudinal study, all tasks were administered to participants three times; 85 children at the beginning of first grade, 81 children at the end of first grade, and 78 children at the start of second grade. All participants‘ reading abilities and both phonological and visual short term memory improved over time. Phonological awareness still uniquely predicted reading ability when controlling for age and Verbal IQ across all the time points. But there was a change in how word types affected phonological awareness. Very few studies have investigated reading ability in Arabic. This project helps further understanding about the unique contribution of the different cognitive skills towards reading ability. Also, it improves the awareness of Arabic children‘s needs and complications in acquiring a successful Arabic reading in a diglossic setting.
4
Alwasel, Thamer Abdullah. "The influence of diglossia on learning Standard Arabic." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-influence-of-diglossia-on-learning-standard-arabic(a8d14f03-4a93-479c-b3b6-7c10b8c75257).html.
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This thesis comprises an applied linguistic study exploring the influence of national language policy and local language practices on education in Saudi Arabia, where Arabic is the official language. However, Arabic is a diglossic language, with two main forms: Standard Arabic, which is mainly associated with literacy and typically learned in school, and Local Arabic, which is normally acquired at home from families and often used in everyday interactions (Ferguson, 1959; Albirini, 2016). The aim of the present study is to explore the extent to which the diglossic situation influences the learning and teaching of Standard Arabic in the early years of school. The current study is important because the issue of actual language use in school and in education more generally in the Arab world is under-researched (Amara, 1995; Maamouri, 1998). This thesis is one of the few studies that has addressed this gap. Four primary schools in Riyadh (the capital of Saudi Arabia) participated in this study (involving Year One students aged 6-7 years old, their parents and their teachers). A combination of qualitative and quantitative data was gathered over a period of over three months through a questionnaire survey as well as interviews (to explore preschool language experiences), language assessment activities (to tap into the students’ speaking and listening abilities), classroom observations and interviews (to explore classroom language use and the rationale behind the participants’ choices of language). The key findings suggest that 1) Local Arabic is the predominant type of Arabic used in communication at home before entering school and the amount of exposure to Standard Arabic before attending primary school is generally low, 2) parental levels of education and monthly incomes appear to influence children’s preschool language experiences, 3) preschool exposure to Standard Arabic books and attendance at preschool appear to have a positive influence on Year One pupils’ Standard Arabic listening comprehension, and 4) both Standard and Local Arabic are used in the classroom, although spoken Local Arabic is predominant in teaching-learning activities, whereby this variety is used to facilitate the learning process. The thesis concludes by providing pedagogical recommendations to enhance the teaching and learning of Standard Arabic.
5
Tavares, Pedro Daibert Machado. "Entre o cânone e o vernáculo: um estudo de caso da diglossia no Líbano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8159/tde-09092016-125528/.
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Ferguson descreveu, em 1959, o contexto sociolinguístico do mundo árabe como um quadro clássico de diglossia, onde duas variedades linguísticas geneticamente aparentadas convivem em distribuição complementar dentro de uma comunidade, sendo que uma destas variedades é tida como elevada, culta e proveniente de uma longa tradição gramatical, enquanto a outra é tida como baixa, impura e inapta para exprimir conceitos complexos. O objetivo desta dissertação é responder se ainda nos dias atuais podemos falar de uma variedade dialetal local e uma variedade pan-árabe culta, o Árabe Padrão Moderno (APM), como unidades linguísticas estanques, discretas, incomunicáveis e independentes. Para tal, analisa-se uma entrevista televisiva com o escritor libanês Amin Maalouf feita pela escritora e jornalista libanesa Karen Boustani. Dessa entrevista apreenderam-se trechos que continham traços linguísticos fonético-fonológicos, morfo-sintáticos e léxico-semânticos ora característicos da variedade local libanesa, ora do APM. Em posse desses resultados, pudemos constatar que o corpus constitui um exemplo de texto num registro linguístico intermediário, contendo traços tanto do dialeto libanês quanto do APM e que demonstra um campo de contato entre as variedades tidas como independentes e estanques por Ferguson.Ferguson described, in 1959, the sociolinguistic context of the Arabic world as a classical case of diglossia, where two genetically kindred linguistic varieties live alongside in complementary distribution within a language community, whereas one of these varieties is considered high, cultured and part of a long grammatical tradition, while the other is regarded as low, impure and unfit to express complex concepts. The aim of this work is to answer if we could yet today speak of a local dialectal variety and a cultured pan-Arabic variety, MSA, as separate, discrete, independent and incommunicable language units. To do so, we analyzed a television interview between the Lebanese writer Amin Maalouf and the Lebanese writer and journalist Karen Boustani. From this interview we apprehended excerpts containing phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical-semanticcharacteristic linguistic traits, both from Lebanese local variety and MSA. In possession of these results, we found that the corpus is an example of text in an intermediate linguistic register, containing traces of both the Lebanese dialect and MSA, demonstrating a contact field between varieties regarded as independent and incommunicable by Ferguson.
6
Aboelezz, Mariam. "Deconstructing diglossia : language ideology and change in revolutionary Egypt (2010-2014)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2014. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/127547/.
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The language scene in Egypt has witnessed important developments since the turn of the 21st century. Defying the Fergusonian distribution of diglossic functions, the use of Egyptian Arabic ('āmmiyya) has spread to domains where Standard Arabic (fuṣḥā) is expected. There is also increasing evidence of the rising prestige and commercial value of English. In addition, Arabic written in Latin script has become a common sight in offline mediums. This study, which began in 2010 and was concluded in 2014, is an attempt to understand the dynamics of this developing situation in the backdrop of substantial political change in Egypt. I investigate what has motivated the recent language developments as well as how they are viewed by the self-appointed protectors of fuṣḥā and by a sample of language users, with particular focus on the role that ideology plays. This involved conducting interviews with 'agents of change' (an Egyptian nationalist political party, a leftist publisher, and a mobile service provider), and a focus group interview with 'resisters of change' (representing three Arabic language conservation societies). I also carried out a web survey of the language behaviour and attitudes of Cairo-based Internet users. Incorporating the qualitative and quantitative findings from the interviews and the survey, I contend that ideology plays a significant part in the motivation and perception of language change. However, the relationship between language ideologies and language practices is not straightforward. Other factors such as education and age were also salient. These findings contribute to a reframing of diglossia and an attempt to theorise the relationships between language, power and identity in Egypt.
7
Tairova, Elvira. "Bilinguisme et politiques linguistiques et éducatives au Tatarstan." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30063.
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La réflexion proposée concerne les grandes lignes des politiques linguistiques et éducatives dans le contexte tatarstanais. Après un parcours des différents aspects de la configuration sociolinguistique ( les médias, l’enseignement, l’édition et la production littéraire) dans une perspective transdisciplinaire incluant les approches historiques et sociolinguistiques, on aborde un sujet particulier de l’aménagement linguistique – la sélection d’un système graphique. La deuxième partie s’attache à l’analyse de discours épilinguistiques médiatiques et ordinaires : en prenant appui sur un corpus d’entretiens et de questionnaires on explore le fonctionnement des représentations et des stéréotypes sociolinguistiques dans le contexte du bilinguisme officielThis work goes along the principal lines of language and educational policy in the context of Tatarstan. After a survey of various aspects of the given sociolinguistic situation ( including the media, educational system, literary activities) we’ll analyse a specific area of language planning – that of writing system options – from an interdisciplinary perspective associating historical and sociolinguistic approaches. The second part is dedicated to discourse analysis based on the body of interviews and questionnaires; it explores the sociolinguistic representations and stereotypes functioning in the officially bilingual context
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Cardona, Carmen Vila. "O bilinguismo na comunidade autónoma da Catalunha." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1817.
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Existe um provérbio checo que diz “Por cada idioma que se fala vive-se uma vida diferente.
Se só se sabe apenas um idioma, só se vive uma vez”.
A língua representa diversidade, património cultural, comunicação e cooperação, valores
importantes e até imprescindíveis para viver e conviver em sociedade.
É dentro desta perspectiva que a autora deste trabalho pretende apresentar e descrever a
realidade social, educativa e pessoal, própria de alguém que nasceu e viveu na Catalunha
durante 26 anos, sendo bilingue ― em casa sempre falou catalão, língua de gerações passadas
e, na escola, teve toda a escolaridade obrigatória em castelhano. Naquela altura (anos 60-70), a
escola ainda não era bilingue, devido à situação política que se vivia no Estado Espanhol: a
ditadura do General Franco.
O ponto de partida é assim o próprio interesse da autora, pela questão do bilinguismo
individual, social ou educativo que, para além da realidade social já referida, se traduz na
vontade de exprimir as vantagens que, um tema tão rico e diverso, pode proporcionar
isoladamente a um indivíduo ou, num sentido mais amplo, à própria sociedade.
Numa primeira parte, faz-se uma breve exposição das diferentes definições do bilinguismo
e introduz-se uma pequena abordagem histórica das duas línguas em contacto, concretamente o
castelhano e o catalão. Nunca poderemos entender realidades tão complexas, se não
conhecermos um pouco da história dessas línguas e da forma como se foram desenvolvendo e
adaptando até aos nossos dias. Numa segunda parte, apresenta-se um estudo linguístico do catalão na comunidade catalã,
através das leis e planificações linguísticas relevantes dos últimos anos e da forma como esta
sociedade as assimilou politicamente, educativamente e socialmente ao longo do tempo.
Por último, pretendeu-se fazer uma análise no terreno relativamente à implementação e
funcionamento destas políticas linguísticas, observando fenómenos sociológicos importantes,
que influenciam a comunidade também do ponto de vista linguístico, designadamente a
imigração que, actualmente, provém maioritariamente dos países sul-americanos (ao contrário
da imigração dos anos 60-70, que era essencialmente interna). Este aspecto confirma a
existência, de uma forma continuada no tempo, de grandes transformações no que se refere à
aprendizagem do catalão e às características sociológicas de quem reside, estuda e trabalha
numa comunidade essencialmente bilingue.
9
Tristram, Hildegard L. C. "Diglossia in Anglo-Saxon England, or what was spoken Old English like?" Universität Potsdam, 2003. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/697/.
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This paper argues that the texts surviving from the Old English period do not reflect the spoken language of the bulk of the population under Anglo-Saxon elite domination. While the Old English written documents suggest that the language was kept remarkably unchanged, i.e. was strongly monitored during the long OE period (some 500 years!), the spoken and "real Old English" is likely to have been very different and much more of the type of Middle English than the written texts. "Real Old Engish", i.e. of course only appeared in writing after the Norman Conquest. Middle English is therefore claimed to have begun with the 'late British' speaking shifters to Old English. The shift patterns must have differed in the various part of the island of Britain, as the shifters became exposed to further language contact with the Old Norse adstrate in the Danelaw areas and the Norman superstrate particularly in the South East, the South West having been least exposed to language contact after the original shift from 'Late British' to Old English. This explains why the North was historically the most innovative zone. This also explains the conservatism of the present day dialects in the South West. It is high time that historical linguists acknowledge the arcane character of the Old English written texts.
10
Tor, Porta Presentació. "L’influence des systèmes et des cadres éducatifs sur les apprentissages de la langue française dans les écoles primaires Andorranes." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0053.
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Le contexte multilingue andorran, tant du fait de la mixité d’origines de sa population mixte que de la pluralité des systèmes éducatifs qui y sont implantés, se prête fortement à la recherche en sociolinguistique et en didactique des langues et du plurilinguisme. Cette thèse a pour but de tenter d’apporter une suite de réponses à des questionnements concernant les compétences linguistiques en langue française des apprenants en fin d’école primaire des systèmes français et andorran, écoles où le français n’est pas seulement langue enseignée mais également langue d’enseignement-apprentissage pluridisciplinaire. Les incidences de l’environnement social multilingue sur les apprenants et les influences de systèmes éducatifs qui ont une approche didactique des langues variable, sont à la source de cette enquête et des analyses qui en résultentThe andorran multilingual context, both because of the mixed origins of its mixed population and because of the plurality of educational systems that are located there, is an ideal area for research in sociolinguistics and didactics of languages and multilingualism. This thesis has the purpose of trying to answer a series of questions referring to the french language competences of students at the end of primary school in the French and Andorran systems, schools where French is not only a language taught but is also a language of multidisciplinary teaching-learning. The impact of the multilingual social environment on learners and the influences of educational systems that have a variable didactic approach to languages are the source of this research and of the analysis derived from them
11
Alabar, Rahaf. "An assessment framework of communicative Arabic proficiency CAP in the light of diglossia." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2017. http://research.gold.ac.uk/21985/.
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The key aim of my research is to explore the meaning of communicative Arabic proficiency CAP consulting the assessment stakeholders in the UKHE context. I then propose an assessment framework that resonates with the communicative needs of the UKHE students and considers the diglossic nature of Arabic language. A qualitative approach was followed to explore the concept of CAP in relation to the Arabic varieties and its potential competences in addition to the testing norm and constructs. For these purposes, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine assessment stakeholders who fall into three categories; assessor teachers, teachers, and learners of Arabic as a foreign language in the UKHE context. The research questions revolve around four main areas; the meaning of CAP, the competences that CAP embodies, the constructs through which learners’ CAP can be measured, and the suitable norm for CAP assessment. The findings are presented in four sections following the sequence of the research questions; the first section reports aspects like social appropriacy, grammatical accuracy, and cultural and bi-dialectical knowledge as the major attributes of CAP. It also implies conceptualising CAP from a post-method perspective. The second section outlines the socio-linguistic, cultural/intercultural, bi-dialectical and interactional competences as the different components that make up CAP. The third section highlights interaction and culture/inter-culture as the potential different constructs through which learners’ CAP could be measured. The fourth section reports the educated native speaker or a L2 user as potential norms to assess the learners’ CAP. Following an examination of the research findings in the light of the relevant literature, the UKHE context and the learners’ needs, a languacultural assessment framework of CAP is proposed. Its distinctive components are proposing a situated assessment (SA) approach of MSA and the colloquial, an interactional/languacultural construct, and a diglossic competent L2 user (DC2) as a norm of proficiency assessment.
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Dahlin, Gustav. "English and Swedish in Sweden - Swedish pupils’ attitudes towards the prospect of diglossia." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-36461.
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The English language holds a powerful role world-wide and is now used in some domains in Sweden. This has caused concern for the future of the Swedish language and whether or nor diglossia is underway. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate if there are differences in the attitudes towards the increasing use of English in Swedish society between two different populations of upper-secondary school students: a) students who attend the International Baccalaureate Programme (whose medium of instruction is English), and b) students who attend the Social Science Programme (whose medium of instruction is Swedish). The study investigates students’ pattern and language use and attitudes through the use of questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and reflective journals. The results show that the IB pupils are somewhat less positively disposed towards the increased influence of the English language in Swedish society and argue that it might pose a threat to the status of the Swedish language. However, the investigation also discloses that most IB pupils, to a much larger extent than the SP pupils, consider English paramount in order to succeed in today’s society. Furthermore, the results indicate that the IB pupils’ attitudes towards the expansion of the English language in Swedish society largely correspond to the main objective of Mål i mun, i.e. to protect the Swedish language as well as promote the English language. Key words: diglossia, domain, language shift, attitudes, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, reflective journals
13
Amery, Rob. "A new diglossia : contemporary speech varieties at Yirrkala in North East Arnhem land." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/132957.
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This subthesis is concerned with one aspect of the
sociolinguistic situation at Yirrkala in N.E. Arnhem Land. In particular I
shall be looking at the role and structure of a contemporary dialect of
Yolngu Matha, Dhuwaya or so called "Baby Gumatj" in relation to
other clan dialects.
The main purpose of choosing this thesis topic is to lay some
linguistic groundwork for the making of an informed decision in regard
to the use of Dhuwaya within the bilingual program at Yirrkala
Community School. If it is decided to employ Dhuwaya in the earlier
grades (which appears to be the case), then guidelines are needed to
determine which Dhuwaya forms should be employed. Adult language
should be employed to serve as a model. Thus criteria are presented for
choosing adult forms in preference to developmental forms. By
undertaking research into Dhuwaya, I am not trying to encourage the
use of Dhuwaya in any way. On the contrary, by establishing the ways in
which Dhuwaya differs from clan languages and by making these
differences explicit, any formal language programs undertaken in the
school or in the community in the future may utilize these findings.
This then would facilitate clan language acquisition by the younger
generation. I use the title R New Diglossio in two senses :
a) Yirrkala is a diglossic situation not previously described and is a
departure from the diglossia originally defined by Ferguson (1959).
b) The diglossic situation at Yirrkala appears to have been a recent
development and is in fact s till in the making. In this sense it is a new
diglossia chronologically. See Section 4.4 for explication.
This study is by necessity a somewhat cursory overview. As a
Balanda (white Australian) without having previous exposure to Top End
Northern Territory communities or to Aboriginal languages of N.E.
Arnhem Land3, data collection and transcription proved extremely
difficult. This was especially the case because Dhuwaya is a highly
stigmatized language variety at Yirrkala. This preliminary study points
to the need for an in-depth longitudinal sociolinguistic study. Such a
study should prove valuable in understanding issues of language
maintenance within the bilingual program at Yirrkala Community School
and for educational policies in the isolated homeland centres. Brief chapter summaries are as follows:
CHAPTER 1 provides background material including: a) historical, b)
sociological and c) linguistic, relevant to the study of Dhuwaya and its
sociolinguistic context. Methodology and approach is outlined in 1.6.
There are three varieties, Baby Dhuwaya, Deuelopmental Dhuwaya
and Rdult Dhuwaya, all subsumed by the labels Dhuwaya or “Baby
Gumatj" in common usage. These three varieties have separate
identifiable phonological and morphological features.
CHAPTER 2 outlines and discusses phonological features of Dhuwaya
and makes comparisons between Baby Dhuwaya, Developmental Dhuwaya
and Adult Dhuwaya phonology. CHAPTER 3 discusses morphological features of Adult Dhuwaya
relative to a) clan dialects and b) Developmental Dhuwaya. Dhuwaya is
characterized by specific morphological rules applying to dialect
sensitive morphemes; rules which take into account the dialect
differences between Dhuwal and Dhuwala dialects.
CHAPTER 4 discusses the differences between the three varieties of
Dhuwaya and the rationale for differentiating between them. Baby
Dhuwaya is a restricted register demonstrating universal
characteristics of Baby Talk registers whilst Developmental Dhuwaya
is a maturational or child language variety illustrating features
typical of developmental varieties universally. Although Developmental
Dhuwaya as spoken by very young children shares many features in
common with Baby Dhuwaya, there are s till important differences
remaining. Adult Dhuwaya functions as a communilect or common
language for the younger generation, but belongs specifically to
Yirrkala and its homelands. The Yirrkala situation is quite different to
other Yolngu communities in N.E. Arnhem Land (e.g. Galiwin’ku where a
clan language Djambarrpuyngu has become the communilect.) At
Yirrkala Dhuwaya functions as the L (Low) variety in a diglossic
situation, where multilingualism is the norm.
CHAPTER 5 summarizes the linguistic findings and in the light of
these and other sociolinguistic evidence discusses various theories on
the origin of Dhuwaya. It differs from other Yolngu Matha dialects in
much the same way linguistically as these dialects differ from each
other. I conclude that the most likely theory is that Dhuwaya has
developed by means of koineization of Eastern Dhuwala/Dhuwal Baby
Talk or ‘motherese' and developmental varieties. Dhuwaya is
structurally and functionally an almost prototypical koine language
variety. The implications for sociolinguistic theory, of this unique
diglossic situation in North East Arnhem Land, are discussed briefly. CHAPTER 6 discusses the implications of these findings for the future
in terms of a) language maintenance and b) the Yirrkala Community
School bilingual education program. I conclude that the linguistic
differences between Dhuwaya and other Dhuwala/Dhuwal dialects are
really quite minimal. Should the community agree to the use of
Dhuwaya in the earlier grades in the school, I am suggesting specific
recommendations as to the variety of Dhuwaya to be employed. Adult
Dhuwaya forms are better employed and I present criteria for
differentiating adult forms from developmental and Baby Talk forms.
Several sample texts, chosen for their exemplification of
different varieties of Dhuwaya, are included in an appendix.
14
German, Gary. "Language shift, Diglossia and dialectal variation in Western Brittany : the case of Southern Cornouaille." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1926/.
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Extract:
[...]In the first part of this paper I trace the language shift from Breton to French within the historical, social and ideological framework in which it occurred. I then argue that 19th and 20th-century attempts by scholars and militants to rehabilitate the Breton language led to the creation of a unified standard (peurunvan).2 The consequence has been the rise of a three-way diglossic rapport between the speakers of French, the new Breton standard3 and those of the traditional Breton vernaculars. Taking the varieties of southern Cornouaille (Finistère) between Quimper and Quimperlé as a point of comparison,4 I focus on a number of phonological, morphological, syntactical and lexical features which, though far from exhausttive, are not generally taken into account in the new standard language. These details provide a general idea of how varieties of Breton function at the micro-dialectological level, as well as ways in which they can differ from the standard and other spoken varieties.
The paper concludes with observations regarding the necessity to consider languages, language varieties and their speakers within relevant social contexts.[...]
15
Rivard, Jane Nathalie. "An investigation into diglossia, literacy, and tertiary-level EFL classes in the Arabian Gulf States /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99388.
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This study investigates whether the remedial tertiary-level EFL classes in the Arabian Gulf States optimize the process of acquiring English for the majority of the students, namely the graduates of government high schools. I have endeavoured to uncover, by reference to my three years as an EFL teacher in the Gulf and the pertinent literature, why so much time and effort invested by myself and my students resulted in such a disproportionate lack of progress in reading and writing. I show how three major factors (diglossia, a linguistic trichotomy, and low literacy levels) conspire to impede students from learning to read and write in English through second language methodology and compare this situation to the one in Quebec. I conclude with two suggestions to make tertiary-level EFL classes more efficient and effective: the use of more familiar methodology and the teaching of reading and writing through a literacy framework. I also propose some longer-term solutions to deal with the linguistic trichotomy, a problem the Gulf Arabian States may wish to address if they intend to pursue the goal of providing a world-class education to their children.
16
Schlaak, Claudia. "Island language policy and regional identity east of Africa." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6313/.
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Since 2011 the Comorian Island of Mayotte has been France’s 101st département, thereby becoming part of the European Union. As a result, France has consolidated and strengthened its strategic position in the Indian Ocean.
With the change of political status in 2011, new developments have occurred in Mayotte. It is still unclear whether the expected economic boom, extensive social benefits or injection of EU regional funds can help to alleviate poverty and raise living standards. There is concern, however, that massive immigration to Mayotte from the surrounding territories is diminishing any progress and will continue to do so. Not only France but also the EU will have to adapt to new immigration problems due to this new external border.
In this situation one thing is clear: the language contact between French and the local languages, which is the result of political developments, is leading to new dynamics. The diglossic situation east of Africa, between French as the dominant language and local languages like Shimaoré or Shibushi spoken in Mayotte will become more marked in the next few years.
17
Bandeira, Jordan Hahn. "Variante padrão de línguas imigrantes para falantes de dialeto na escola pública: incentivo ou ameaça à diversidade lingüística?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-14102009-164306/.
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Esta dissertação faz considerações sobre a natureza da interferência derivada da introdução de variantes padrão de línguas imigrantes no currículo do sistema de escolas públicas de comunidades de falantes de dialetos. A pesquisa busca uma maior compreensão da questão por meio da análise de discurso e conteúdo encontrados em artigos de jornal, artigos disponíveis na Internet, mensagens trocadas em comunidades virtuais e quatro entrevistas colhidas de habitantes do município de Angelina em Santa Catarina, onde falantes de dialeto freqüentam escolas públicas onde o inglês é a única oferta de língua estrangeira, apesar da constituição étnica predominantemente germânica da população local. O trabalho ainda examina modelos teóricos de contato lingüístico baseados em teoria dos jogos em termos de sua relevância em um cenário mais complexo onde um dialeto coexista com sua variante padrão e uma língua nacional.This dissertation prompts considerations about the nature of the interference deriving from the introduction of standard variants of immigrant languages into the curriculum of the public school system in communities of dialect speakers. The investigation seeks a greater understanding of the problem by means of discourse and content analysis of articles published in newspapers, articles available on the internet, forum posts, and four interviews collected from inhabitants of Angelina, a municipality in the State of Santa Catarina where dialect speakers attend public schools where English is the only foreign language option in spite of the predominantly German ethnic make-up of the local population. In addition, existing theoretical models that examine language contact from the perspective of game theory are examined in terms of their relevance in a more complex scenario where a dialect coexists with its corresponding standard variant and a national language.
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Wong, Hiu-lam Sally. "The integration of Yue dialect words into modern written Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37515767.
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Boussofara-Omar, Naima. "Arabic diglossic switching in Tunisia : an application of Myers-Scotton's MLF model /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Landsman, David Maurice. "Theories of diglossia, linguistic variation and speaker attitudes, with special reference to recent developments in Modern Greek." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315932.
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Amno, Rima. "Modersmålets betydelse för lärande och identitet : En kvalitativ undersökning av arabisktalande elevers uppfattning om modersmålets betydelse." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5770.
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The Swedish School Board reported in 2007 that students with a foreign background to a larger extent than Swedish students leave school without grades in one or more subjects in the ninth grade. The report also reveals that during the year 2007/2008 17 percent of elementary school pupils had the right to home language instruction. Students with an other mother tongue than Swedish are considered a separate group that doesn’t perform as well in school. My study investigates how eleven Arabic-speaking ninth-graders at age 15-16 perceive the importance of their mother tongue for learning and identity development. To this purpose I have conducted semi-structured interviews – one comprising six students in group and five individual – in a school in one of the suburbs of Stockholms. The theoretic point of departure for this study has been the social constructivist perspective. The result shows unambiguously that the students consider their mother tongue to be important for the learning and development of the second language. It is principally spoken Arabic that is used for attaining knowledge – the written language, which in Arabic is quite different from the spoken language, has its greatest significance in home language instruction. The result of the study also shows two informants identify themselves as arabs since Arabic is their mother tongue, while the rest of the students identify themselves with the Arabic culture, which constitutes a construction of ethnicity and contributes to demarcations between us and them. LyssnaLäs fonetisk Ordbok - Visa detaljerad ordbok
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Palmer, Jeremy. "STUDENT ACCULTURATION, LANGUAGE PREFERENCE, AND L2 COMPETENCE IN STUDY ABROAD PROGRAMS IN THE ARABIC-SPEAKING WORLD." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194265.
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Literature pertaining to English-speaking L2 learners of Arabic on study abroad programs in the Arabic-speaking world is almost nonexistent. This may be due to the fact that not even one out of a hundred American students chooses to study abroad in the Arabic-speaking world each year (Gutierrez et al., 2009). The small number of American students studying in the Arabic speaking world is at odds with the MLA's most recent language report in which Arabic enrollments increased more than any other language from 2002 to 2006 (Furman, Goldberg & Lusin, 2007). With the increase in Arabic enrollments it is probable that more and more American students will desire to study Arabic in the Arabic-speaking world. The benefits of study abroad have long been praised (Carroll, 1967; Kinginger & Farrell, 2004; Berg et al., 2008). Not all studies, however, have been congruent (Freed, 1995). This dissertation investigates L2 learners of Arabic on study abroad programs in the Arabic-speaking world. The primary countries in this research are Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Syria, and Yemen. This research focuses on issues related to acculturation, language variety preference, proficiency and the use of technology in learning Arabic among students of Arabic on study abroad programs in the Arabic-speaking world. Particular attention is paid to the binary nature of Arabic as manifest in a host of spoken colloquial varieties. For example, the spoken colloquial Arabic in North Africa differs to a great extent from the Arabic spoken in the Levant. This feature of Arabic is referred to as diglossia (Ferguson, 1959a).Over 90 L2 learners of Arabic participated in this research, though not all of them answered every question. These learners completed an extensive online survey pertaining to their cultural experiences and interaction, language situations and functions, proficiency in Arabic, and which technologies they or their teachers used to assist in learning Arabic. It is hoped that this research will provide empirical insights pertaining to the cultural and linguistic experiences of L2 learners of Arabic in the Arabic-speaking world. General implications for Arabic programs are also presented.
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Shahin, Fadi. "La diglossie et son influence sur la production langagière arabe : Étude théorique et pratique à partir de copies d’examen et d’un extrait télévisé." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040137.
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Cette thèse est une étude de terrain portant sur la diglossie et la production langagière de l’arabe.Depuis l’article de Ferguson (1959), de nombreux travaux sont apparus, très souvent pour critiquer la vision dichotomique proposée par cet auteur.Après avoir retracé l’histoire de la langue arabe de ses origines à nos jours, nous avons étudié les travaux réalisés par les arabophones sur leur langue. Les linguistes arabophones, de l’époque médiévale jusqu’à la Naḥda, ont-Ils été conscients de la situation diglossique ? Partant de cette étude, nous avons voulu démontrer à travers deux corpus, l’un écrit, l’autre oral, l’étendue de l’influence de la variété basse (dialectale) sur la variété haute (littérale) dans la production langagière de la langue arabe. Dans cette perspective, nous avons utilisé des copies d’étudiants de différents niveaux, débutants, intermédiaires et avancés. Pour l’étude de l’oral, nous nous sommes appuyés sur un corpus médiatique.Peut-On faire usage d’une variété sans subir l’interférence de la seconde ? Telle est la question à laquelle nous tentons de répondre dans cette thèseThis thesis is a field study on diglossia and Arabic language production. Since the article by Ferguson (1959), numerous studies have appeared, often criticizing the dichotomous vision proposed by this author.After tracing the history of the Arabic language from its origins to the present day, we have studied the works of Arabic-Speakers on their language. From medieval times until the Naḥda, were Arabic-Speaking linguists aware of the diglossic situation?Using this historical perspective as a point of departure, we wanted to demonstrate the extent of the influence of the low variety (vernacular) on the high variety (literary) in Arabic language production through two sets of language production, one written and one oral. With this in mind, we used exam papers of students of different levels: beginner, intermediate and advanced. For the study of the oral, we relied on a television extract.Can we make use of one variety without being subjected to interference from the second? This is the question that we attempt to address in this thesis
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Newerkla, Stefan. "Intendierte und tatsächliche Sprachwirklichkeit in Böhmen Diglossie im Schulwesen der böhmischen Kronländer, 1740-1918 /." Wien : WUV, 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/45490589.html.
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Tang, Tsui-yee Eastre. "A sociolinguistic study of the "indigenous residents" of Tsing Yi Island a preliminary survey /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949691.
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Broilo, Neto Gilberto. "Code-switching e footing para a construção do humor : estudo de caso da sitcom "Friends"." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2017. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/3243.
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Esta dissertação trata de code-switching e footing na sitcom estadunidense Friends. Tanto a troca linguística como o posicionamento identitário são elementos de análise da Sociolinguística Interacional (GOFFMAN, 1981; HUDSON, 1996; DURANTI, 1997), que é a teoria basilar desta investigação. Não somente aspectos teóricos desse arcabouço são utilizados como também estudos sobre humor (RASKIN, 1979; WRIGHT, 1875), sitcom (FURQUIM, 1999; SAVORELLI, 2010; VANDAELE, 1996), multimodalidade (GOODWIN, 2010; KRESS; LEEUWEN, 1996; VIEIRA; SILVESTRE, 2015), estereótipos (LAKOFF, 1987; SCHIAPPA; GREGG; HEWES, 2005), performance (TURNER, 1987), generalização social (BLUM, 2004), dentre outros. A fim de responder ao problema desta pesquisa, que reside em entender se o code-switching e o footing são mecanismos de geração do humor na sitcom Friends, optamos pelo estudo de caso dessa comédia seriada e pela investigação dos atos comunicativos em que se fazem presentes a alternância de código linguístico e o reposicionamento identitário. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é examinar a relação entre a geração de humor e as situações em que há a presença de code-switching entre Inglês Americano e do Inglês Britânico e de posicionamento entre variedades do Inglês Americano, além de considerar o posicionamento multimodal das interações comunicativas em episódios da sitcom Friends. Os objetivos específicos são (a) identificar os construtos identitários culturais na sitcom Friends, (b) identificar as situações de code-switching na geração de humor, (c) analisar situações de code-switching e aspectos multimodais na interação comunicativa e (d) analisar os efeitos do humor, com ênfase em fatores culturais intervenientes. Com a finalidade de cumprir com esses objetivos, alicerçamos nossa pesquisa, também, nos estudos de framing (GOFFMAN, 1974), que foram identificados nas cenas em que há code-switching e footing, que foram transcritas a partir da simbologia da Análise da Conversa (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974). Os resultados demonstram que, nos episódios da série Friends que foram analisados, o code-switching e o footing são mecanismos potenciais estratégicos de geração de humor que se formam em situações plurais com diversas funções de comicidade, tais como: sátira cultural, caricaturização estereotipada, representação da realidade, dentre outras.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2017-10-25T12:01:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gilberto Broilo Neto.pdf: 2137616 bytes, checksum: dff4b5374bbd97c9f849d7dd7b3da707 (MD5)
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This dissertation is about code-switching and footing in the north-american sitcom Friends. Both the switch of language and the identity positioning are objects of analysis for the Interactional Sociolinguistics area (GOFFMAN, 1981; HUDSON, 1996; DURANTI, 1997), which is the main theory of this investigation. Not only theoretical aspects of this background are used but also studies about humour (RASKIN, 1979; WRIGHT, 1875), sitcom (FURQUIM, 1999; SAVORELLI, 2010; VANDAELE, 1996), multimodalidality (GOODWIN, 2010; KRESS; LEEUWEN, 1996; VIEIRA; SILVESTRE, 2015), estereotypes (LAKOFF, 1987; SCHIAPPA; GREGG; HEWES, 2005), performance (TURNER, 1987), social generalization (BLUM, 2004), among others. In order to solve the problem of this research, which resides in understanding whether both code-switching and footing are strategies of humour in the sitcom Friends, we opted for the case study of this situational comedy and for the investigation of the communicative acts in which the switch of linguistic codes and identity repositiong are found. The general objective of this research is to examine the connection between humour creation and the situations in which there is evidence of code-switching between American English and British English, positioning between American English varieties and the multimodal positioning of communicative interactions in episodes of the sitcom Friends. The specific objectives are (a) to identify the constructs of cultural identity in the sitcom Friends, (b) to identify the situations of code-switching in the humour generation, (c) to analyse the situations of code-switching and the multimodal aspects of the communicative act and (d) to analyse the effects of humour, highlighting the intervenient cultural aspects related to such effects. In order to fulfill these objectives, we, also, based our research on the studies of framing (GOFFMAN, 1974), which are identified in the scenes of code-switching and footing, being transcribed according to the Conversation Analysis symbolic conventions (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974). The results show that, in the episodes of the series Friends analysed, both code-switching and footing are potential strategic mecanisms to create humour formed in several situations through different comical functions, such as: cultural satire, stereotyped caricature, reality representation, among others.
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Dahou, Chahrazed. "Identités linguistiques et représentations des langues en usage en Algérie (Enquête auprès de jeunes algériens en France et en Algérie)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30021.
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Cette recherche opère un renversement du mode de construction de l’objet de la recherche en sciences du langage. Elle tente de comprendre, à travers une enquête sociolinguistique par entretiens, le rapport subjectif de jeunes locuteurs algériens à l’égard de leurs langues (algérienne, arabe, tamazight, français). Bien que les attitudes à l’égard de ces langues se sont imposées à l’analyse pour préciser le statut particulièrement complexe des langues en usage en Algérie, cette recherche tente plus particulièrement de comprendre un rapport souvent considéré comme allant de soi : le rapport subjectif à leur langue dite de « religion », « la langue arabe » (sans autre précision). Nombreuses sont les questions qui ont animées l’enquête sociolinguistique et anthropologique à partir de laquelle part le questionnement centré sur le mythe du sacré dans la langue arabe.Intrinsèquement liée au Coran, ce corps d’une ‘Umma imaginaire à laquelle tout algérien s’imagine appartenir ou ne pas appartenir, la langue arabe suscite des positionnements ambivalents chez ses tenants : quelles sont les positions subjectives d’étudiants algériens motivés par la réussite, mus par leurs rêves, à l’égard de la langue arabe de religion ? La dimension diglossique qui inspire les désignations fluctuantes « langue/dialecte » entraineraient-elles des spécificités chez les locuteurs arabophones et/ou berbérophones algériens ? Si oui, quelles attitudes et représentations renferme cette idéologie dieu-glossique ? Les locuteurs assument-ils la désignation « sacré » associée à la langue arabe ? Cet imaginaire linguistique (« langue d’Adam, du Paradis, pure, NOtre langue, langue de l’intercompréhension ») serait-il de nature à influencer les comportements linguistiques des locuteurs arabophones ? En effet, qui mieux qu’un locuteur arabophone pour expliquer le clivage entre une sorte de respect exagéré de la forme de ce qui est désignée « langue » d’un côté, en même temps, sa stigmatisation de l’autre ? Serait-ce de l’ordre du fétichisme de la langue ? Le traitement de ces questions révèle la manière dont chacun et chacune des jeunes locuteurs et locutrices algériennes interrogé.e.s exprime son rapport subjectif à sa langue de religion et de scolarisation : sublime pour l’un, horrible pour l’Autre, la langue sacrée a « plus d’un tour dans son sacre »This research operates a change in the mode of construction of research object in the sciences of Linguistics. It tries to understand, through an anthropological and sociolinguistic survey by interviews, the subjective relationship of young Algerian speakers with regard to their languages (Algerian, Arabic, Tamazight, French). Although attitudes towards these languages have been imposed on the analysis in order to clarify the particularly complex status of the languages used in Algeria, this research attempts more particularly to understand a relationship often taken for granted: the subjective relationship to their so-called language of "religion", "the Arabic language" (without further specification). Many questions have prompted the sociolinguistic and anthropological inquiry from which the questioning centered on the myth of the sacred in the Arabic language begins.Intrinsically linked to the Koran, this body of an imaginary Umma to which all Algerian Arabic and Berber speaker imagine belonging to or not, the Arabic language creates ambivalent positions among its speakers. What are the subjectives positions of Algerian students motivated by success, driven by their dreams, with regard to the Arabic language of religion? Does the multi-diglossic dimension that inspires the fluctuating positions ("language / dialect") designations lead to specificities among Algerian-speaking and / or Berber-speaking speakers? If so, what attitudes and representations contain this god-glossic ideology? Do the speakers assume the "sacred" designation associated with the Arabic language? Is the linguistic imagination (the language of Adam, of Paradise, pure, our language, the language of intercomprehension) likely to influence the linguistic behavior of Arabic speakers? Indeed, who better than an Arabic speaker to explain the cleavage between a kind of exaggerated respect for the form of what is designated "language" on one side, at the same time, its stigmatization on the other. Could it be the order of the fetishism of language? Answering these questions reveals how each of the young Algerian speakers interviewed expresses their subjective relationship to their language of religion and schooling: sublime for one, horrible for the Other, the sacred language has "More than one trick up its sleeve "
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Laghouati, Sofiane. "Ecrire : le corps comme territoire entre les langues : la "diglossie littéraire" dans l'oeuvre de Claude Ollier et d'Assia Djebar." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030096.
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Avant d’être appliqué à la littérature, le terme de diglossie apparaît en 1928 et définit la « coexistence, dans la même nation de deux langues rivales » (Psichari). Reprise et complétée par la sociolinguistique, la notion de diglossie est importée dans le domaine de la littérature sans connaître de grandes modifications quant à son contenu. Elle sera ici pensée comme le rapport de force qui s’établit entre deux langues dans une situation de plurilinguisme comme c’est le cas au Maghreb. Mais au-delà de simples tensions linguistiques liées à une situation géopolitique, la diglossie exprime la façon dont des auteurs —ici Assia Djebar et Claude Ollier— traduisent ces situations complexes au sein de leurs textes, de leurs écritures ; la manière dont ils font une place à l’Autre dans leurs œuvres. Cet Autre peut être l’étranger du dehors autant que la part d’étrangeté qu’ils portent en eux, mais aussi le langage inaudible du corps que tente d’exprimer l’écriture. La diglossie littéraire permet d’exhausser les soubassements culturels et idéologiques qui se trament dans le langage. Elle apparaît donc comme une brouille des référents, un processus qui travaille la langue des auteurs, pour en faire une langue littéraire, détachée du langage quotidien. Les textes d’Assia Djebar analysés dans cette étude sont les romans qui composent le Quatuor (encore incomplet) : L’amour, la Fantasia (1985), Ombre sultane (1987) et Vaste est la prison (1995), ainsi que le roman Loin de Médine (1991). Ceux de Claude Ollier sont La mise en scène (1958), Marrakch Medine (1979), Une histoire illisible (1986) et Truquage en amont (1992)Before being used in literature, diglossia was defined in 1928 by the philologist Jean Psichari as the “coexistence of two rival languages in a same nation”. Strengthened by the sociolinguistics, the concept of diglossia was imported in literature without being substantially transformed. In this thesis, diglossia represents the balance of power existing in the case of multilingualism as in the Maghreb. Beyond the linguistic tensions linked to some geopolitical events, diglossia shows the way some authors, as Assia Djebar and Claude Ollier, express these complex events through their works and ways of writing. It also shows the way they leave space for the Other in their works. The Other may be the stranger outside as well as the otherness into themselves, without forgetting the inaudible language of the body that the writing tries to express. The literary diglossia allows focus on fundamental cultural and ideological facts which are implied in the language. It seems to scramble our cultural references, moulding the authors’ languages into a literary language, far from the everyday speech. All the Assia Djebar’s works studied throughout this thesis belong to the Quatuor (still uncompleted) – L’amour, la Fantasia (1985), Ombre sultane (1987) and Vaste est la prison (1995) – except the novel entitled Loin de Médine (1991). Claude Ollier’s are the following: La mise en scène (1958), Marrakch Medine (1979), Une histoire illisible (1986) and Truquage en amont (1992)
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Aly, Mohamed Aly Dalia. "Takhlis al-Ibriz de Rifa'a al-Tahtawy et sa traduction "L'Or de Paris" de Anouar Louca. Étude critique et approche linguistique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030102/document.
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La traduction est une activité linguistique qui joue un rôle primordiale dans la vie des différentes communautés humaines. Considérée comme moyen de communication et de connaissance de l’autre, plusieurs disciplines lui ont été consacrées. Au XVIIIème siècle, la faculté des langues (al-Alsun) a été instaurée en Égypte par Rifāʽa al-Tahtāwī, l’auteur de Taḫlīṣ al-ibrīz fi talḫlīṣ Bārīz. Cette œuvre a été traduite au XXème siècle par Anouar Louca sous le titre de l’Or de Paris. L’Étude présente porte sur une œuvre qui présente une description minutieuse du séjour de Rifāʻa al-Ṭahṭāwī en France, à savoir le Taḫlīṣ al-ibrīz fi talḫīṣ Bārīz. Cette œuvre appartient à l’époque de la Nahḍa de la littérature arabe.L’étude porte sur quatre chapitres : Le premier chapitre entame analyse esthétique comparée du Taḫlīṣ et de l’Or de Paris. Le chapitre explique les manifestations des deux versants de la Nahḍa dans le Taḫlīṣ et les stratégies adoptées par Louca dans son Or de Paris.Le deuxième chapitre présente une analyse sociolinguistique du Taḫlīṣ et de l’Or de Paris. Cette analyse met en lumière le lien intrinsèque entre la langue et la société. Une comparaison de l’œuvre dans sa langue source et sa traduction mettra l’accent sur la stratégie de Louca et sur les différences entre l’original et la traduction.Le troisième chapitre porte sur la problématique de la fidélité selon la théorie interprétative. La marge de liberté et les procédés utilisés par Louca seront discutés. Le quatrième chapitre est une analyse sémantique sélective d certains passages dans le Taḫlīṣ et leurs représentations dans l’Or de Paris. L’analyse va porter sur le titre, le premier paragraphe et la traduction faite par Rifāʻa al-Tahtāwī de la charte constitutionnelle de 1814. Les quatre chapitres procèdent par une mise en parallèle de l’œuvre original et de sa traduction.Nous reconnaissons la difficulté de la tâche assumée par Louca vu la richesse de l’œuvre de Rifāʻa al-Tahtāwī qui représente un tournant dans l’histoire de la littérature arabe. La spécificité culturelle, esthétique, historique et linguistique constitue un vrai défi à la traductionTranslation is a linguistic activity which plays an essential role in the life of various human communities. Considered as a tool of communication and knowledge of the others, several disciplines were dedicated to it. In the XVIIIth century, the faculty of languages (al-Alsun) was established in Egypt by Rifāʽa al-Tahtāwī, the author of Taḫlīṣ al-ibrīz fi talḫlīṣ Bārīz. This work was translated in the XXth century by Anouar Louca under the title of “L’Or de Paris” which means “The Gold of Paris”. The study hereby presented deals with a work that presents a meticulous description of the journey of Rifāʻa al-Ṭahṭāwī in France. The latter work is Taḫlīṣ al-ibrīz fi talḫīṣ Bārīz and belongs to the period of Nahḍa of the Arabic literature.The study consists of four chapters: The first chapter presents a comparison between the aesthetic analysis from Taḫlīṣ and its translation, namely Or de Paris, into the french langage. The chapter explains the demonstrations of both objectives of the Nahḍa in the Taḫlīṣ and the strategies adopted by Louca in his Or de Paris.The second chapter presents a sociolinguistic analysis of Taḫlīṣ and Or de Paris. This analysis highlights the intrinsic link between the language and the society. A comparison of the Taḫlīṣ in its original language and its translation emphasizes the strategy of Louca and the differences between the original work and its translation.The Third chapter discusses the problem of the loyalty according to the interpretative theory. The room for manoeuvre and the processes used by Louca will be discussed.The fourth chapter is a selective semantic analysis of certain passages in Taḫlīṣ and their translations in Or de Paris. The analysis concerns the title, the first paragraph and the translation of the constitutional chart of 1814 made by Rifāʻa al-Ṭahṭāwī. The Four chapters proceed in a parallel pattern between the original work Taḫlīṣ and its translation.We recognize the difficulty of the task carried out by Louca given the wealth of the work of Rifāʻa al-Ṭahṭāwī which represents a bend in the history of the Arabic literature. The cultural, aesthetic, historical and linguistic specificity constitute a real challenge in the translation
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Tang, Tsui-yee Eastre, and 鄧翠怡. "A sociolinguistic study of the "indigenous residents" of Tsing Yi Island: a preliminary survey." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949691.
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Wong, Hiu-lam Sally, and 黃曉林. "The integration of Yue dialect words into modern written Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37515767.
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Mbadinga, Mbadinga André-Marie. "Représentations et stratégies d’enseignement-apprentissage de l’espagnol en milieu exolingue : le cas des hispanisants débutants du Gabon." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100178/document.
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Une analyse de type ethnographique de la classe, des croyances et représentations des enseignants d’espagnol au Gabon sur l’enseignement-apprentissage de la langue-culture espagnole au niveau débutant (classe de 4e). 1) Comment ces enseignants (es) conçoivent-ils l’enseignement-apprentissage de l’espagnol langue étrangère (ELE) dans ce contexte plurilingue ? 2) Quels rapports entretiennent-ils avec leur substrat linguistique ? 3) En quoi leurs croyances et leurs représentations déterminent-elles leurs pratiques de classe et leurs stratégies d'enseignement ? 4) Qu’est-ce qui motive les acteurs de la classe à enseigner et à apprendre l’espagnol dans ce contexte socio-linguistiquement dominé par le français ? 5) Quelles similitudes et contrastes peut-on relever entre des enseignants novices et des enseignants expérimentés ? 6) Qu'est-ce qui caractérise le discours officiel et les adaptations sociodidactiques de l'enseignement-apprentissage de l'espagnol au Gabon de 1997 à nos jours ? Autour de ces questions, la sociolinguistique et la didactique des langues étrangères avec une approche ethnographique actualisent ici le rôle des substrats linguistiques dans l’enseignement-apprentissage d'autres langues. Cette recherche inscrit donc l’enseignement de l’espagnol en Afrique francophone au cœur des enjeux idéologiques des contacts/conflits de langues. Elle oriente la formation des futurs enseignants d’espagnol du Gabon vers la didactique du plurilinguisme avec une dimension holistique, gage du dialogue des cultures à l’heure de la mondialisation et du numériqueEthnographic analysis of class, beliefs and perceptions of teachers of Spanish in Gabon on the teaching and learning Spanish language and culture to entry level (4th grade). 1) How do these teachers design the teaching and learning of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) in this multilingual context? 2) What relationship do they have with their linguistic substratum? 3) How beliefs and representations determine their classroom practices and teaching strategies? 4) What motivates classroom actors in teaching and learning Spanish in this French dominated sociolinguistic context? 5) What similarities and contrasts can be measured between novice teachers and experienced teachers? 6) What characterizes the official discourse on teaching and learning Spanish and social adaptations in Gabon from 1997 to today?Around these issues, sociolinguistics and teaching foreign languages with an ethnographic approach update here the role of language substrates in the teaching and learning other languages. This research therefore registered the teaching of Spanish in Francophone Africa in the heart of the ideological challenges of contact / conflict of languages. It directs the training of future teachers of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) to Gabon didactics of multilingualism with a holistic dimension, guaranteeing the dialogue of cultures in the era of globalization and digital technology
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Verdun, Marie Davilla. "Représentations et pratiques de l'éducation interculturelle institutionnelle et parentale dans un contexte diglossique : le cas de La Réunion." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0049/document.
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Les représentations et les pratiques de l’éducation scolaire et de l’éducation familiale dans une île multiculturelle sont concomitants d’une éducation interculturelle, notamment dans un milieu où une situation diglossique existe. En effet, la langue française, langue administrative, est « considérée comme supérieure » à la langue créole, langue locale réunionnaise. Ce contexte diglossique n’agit pas dans l’intérêt des élèves ayant comme langue maternelle et familiale la langue créole. Autrement dit, la dévalorisation de la langue locale au profit de la langue administrative ne permet pas un accompagnement éducatif égalitaire des élèves, notamment dans leur scolarité. Aussi, la dévalorisation de leur langue, et donc de leur culture d’origine (car la langue créole réunionnaise a une histoire et c’est à travers elle que les Réunionnais se reconnaissent) ne leur offre pas un épanouissement complet. L’épanouissement est reconnu pour être à l’origine de toute réussite. Ce qui nous intéresse, dans notre recherche, ce sont les représentations qu’ont les jeunes scolarisés de cet écart entre la culture scolaire et la culture familiale, notamment les représentations de l’écart qui existe entre les deux langues, sachant que la langue familiale de beaucoup d’entre eux n’occupe pas la même position à La Réunion. Cette recherche nous a permis de voir de quelle manière nos jeunes scolarisés réunionnais se représentent l’éducation scolaire par rapport à leur éducation familiale, notamment à travers la langue ainsi que la place de l’interculturel dans notre île. Nous avons donc constaté que nos jeunes opposent une interculturalité interne de ce qu’ils vivent en famille à une culture scolaire sociale prescrite. En conclusion, nous pouvons remettre en cause ce fossé existant entre la langue, et donc la culture familiale et la culture scolaire administrative. Le but, n’a été nullement de remettre en question l’administration française, mais vraiment et uniquement d’apporter de la reconnaissance à tout ce qui affecte l’être humain au plus profond de lui-même. Nous proposons donc une éducation plus ouverte vers l’interculturel et une valorisation de la culture d’autruiThe representations and practices of school education and family education on a multicultural island are concomitant with intercultural education, especially in an environment where a diglossic situation exists. Indeed, the French language, the administrative language, is "considered superior" to the Creole language, the local Reunion language. This diglossic context does not act in the interest of pupils having as mother tongue and family, the Creole language. In other words, the devaluation of the local language for the benefit of the administrative language does not allow for equal educational support for pupils, particularly in their schooling. Also, the devaluation of their language, and therefore their culture of origin (because the Creole language La Reunion has a history and it is through it that the Reunionnais recognize themselves) does not offer them full bloom. The blossoming is acknowledged to be at the origin of all success. What we are interested in in our research is the representations that the young people in school have of this gap between the school culture and the family culture, in particular the representations of the gap between the two languages, knowing that the family language many of them do not occupy the same position in La Reunion. This research has enabled us to see how our young schoolchildren in La Reunion see education in relation to their family education, particularly through language and the place of interculturality in our island. We have found, therefore, that our young people oppose an internal interculturality of what they live with their families to a prescribed social school culture. In conclusion, we can question the existing gap between language, and therefore family culture and administrative school culture. The aim was not to question the French administration, but to truly and solely to give gratitude to everything that affects the human being in the depths of itself. We therefore propose a more open education towards intercultural and a valorisation of the culture of others
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Cheung, Suk-ming, and 張淑明. "A study of the impact of different media of instruction (Putonghua, Cantonese and diglossia) on the learning and teaching ofChinese in primary one in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50639146.
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Under the current policy of medium of instruction, schools in Hong Kong may use either Cantonese or Putonghua to teach Chinese Language subject. In this research, different media of instruction have been designed based on literature review and were imposed in five classes of primary one student studied in the same school. This study aims to examine the impact on using Putonghua, Cantonese or diglossia as the medium of instruction in Chinese language learning and teaching as well as the development of students’ general Chinese competence.
Data were collected from multiple sources, validated and checked for consistency using triangulation. Quantitative analyses were conducted via quasi-experimental study and questionnaire surveys to examine the impact on the development of students’ general Chinese competence as well as students’ learning. Qualitative analyses were executed via multiple case studies, classroom observation, teacher-student interviews and text analysis of transcripts of interview protocols to examine the impact on teaching and learning.
The research results show that, using different media of instruction have no negative impact on teaching and learning. Among those media of instruction, Cantonese, the mother tongue, is the preference of teachers and students. Nevertheless, qualified and experienced teachers and well-planned lessons and curriculum are the prerequisites for using Putonghua, Cantonese and Diglossia as the medium of instruction of Chinese language learning.
The research results show that there are positive impacts on the Chinese language development of students. However, students have different performances in the mastery of mental lexicons, writing and reading abilities among the five classes. These results reflect that the teaching goals, strategies and the allocation of teaching time are affected by the different media of instruction.
In brief, this study is a basic research that provides information for future studies on the media of instruction of Chinese language learning and teaching. Moreover, the result of this study can also serve as a reference to policy makers and teachers in making their decision in selecting the medium of instruction of Chinese language learning.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Education
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Abushahin, Shaker A. "Code-switching in the Qatifi dialect of Saudi Arabia." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864902.
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The Qatifi dialect of Arabic is spoken by a minority group located principally in Qatif, near Dhahran, in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Codeswitching in the Qatifi community describes the alternation, within discourse, between two local codes, such as switching from the Qatifi Arabic to either the Qatifi secret G, S, and T languages or to Classical and Modern Arabic, on the one hand. On the other hand, it describes the alternation between local and foreign codes, such as switching from the Qatifi Arabic to English, Farsi, and Broken Arabic pidgin.The Qatifi speakers frequently use the G, S, and T secret languages, which represent phonological variations in Qatifi Arabic according to particular rules. These secret languages are used by the Qatifi people to establish political solidarity, to secure social norms, or to insure discretion.Codeswitching from the Qatifi dialect to other local or foreign codes also affirms the social identity and personal pride of individuals taking part in informal conversation. It is important therefore to understand the social constraints of the society where it is found, and how it works within the linguistic rules of the source language and the mainstream communicative system. Codeswitching as spoken by the Qatifi middle class community identifies particular member of this minority group.The aim of this thesis is to explain codeswitching occurring between theQatifi dialect of Arabic and other language varieties. Using data drawn mainly from personal interviews with Qatifi natives, I investigate the type of code used in variable conversational settings and the interaction among the Qatifi trusted or non-suspicious members.Department of English
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Johnson, Eric. "Trans-Cultural Bilingualism and Second Language Acquisition: Understanding the Sociolinguistic Effects of International Tourism on Host Communities." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/110052.
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This paper analyzes the nature of linguistic interactions between host communities and international tourists. The tourism-based context provides an excellent platform from which to describe the sociolinguistic influences that American tourists have had on Mexican communities. Specifically, the language use of local vendors in Puerto Peñasco/Rocky Point, Mexico, is described in terms of the various linguistic characteristics that constitute their particular dialect of English. Not only does this work emphasize the sociocultural foundation of language acquisition, it also illustrates the type of language that is learned in economically motivated situations. The results also emphasize how the growing ubiquity of (American) English in tourism contexts establishes distinct attitudes towards the United States and those who live there.
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Yu, Yang. "Représentations sociolinguistiques et pratiques langagières liées au contact de langues tibétain/chinois dans les universités du Shandong (Chine)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30012.
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La Chine, un pays multinational qui possède 56 nationalités, présente une configuration linguistique complexe avec plus de deux cents langues dans son sein. Le prestige et la place hégémonique du chinois contemporain standardisé relèguent les langues et les cultures des 55 minorités ethniques dans l’ombre, en contraste avec une politique d’État prônant la « floraison des 56 nationalités dans la grande famille de la Nation chinoise ». Dans le contexte actuel, où la Chine aborde de manière polémique les questions ethniques et où on assiste à une urbanisation et une mondialisation accélérée, cette thèse a pour but de mettre en lumière les pratiques langagières, les interventions glottopolitiques, les représentations des langues, l’identité sociolinguistique des Tibétains dans leurs aspirations pour la réussite scolaire et sociale en Chine continentale, plus précisément dans la province du Shandong – notre terrain d’enquête. Notre réflexion se base sur une enquête sociolinguistique à la fois quantitative et qualitative réalisée avec un groupe d’étudiants tibétains scolarisés dans le ShandongChina, a multinational country with 56 nationalities, has a complex linguistic configuration with more than two hundred languages within its borders. The prestige and hegemonic position of standardized contemporary chinese relegates the languages and cultures of the 55 ethnic minorities to the shadows, in contrast to a state policy that advocates the “flowering of the 56 nationalities in the great family of the Chinese Nation”. In the current context where China tackles controversially the ethnic issues and where we are witnessing an accelerated urbanization and globalization, this thesis aims to highlight the language practices, glottopolitical interventions, language representations, and sociolinguistic identity of Tibetans in their aspirations for educational and social success in mainland China, specifically in Shandong province – our field of research. Our reflection is based on a sociolinguistic survey, carried out with a group of Tibetan students attending school in Shandong, quantitatively and qualitatively
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Vaillant, Adrien Alp. "Une langue en voie de disparition : le salar au sein de la turcophonie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF019.
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Le salar est un dialecte turc dont la plupart des locuteurs habitent le comté de Xunhua (35°05’’nord - 102°03’’est), dans le sud-est de la province chinoise du Qinghai, où leur présence est attestée depuis la fin du XIVe siècle. Si ces dernières années ont vu une augmentation des études sur ce parler à bien des égards atypique, il n’en reste pas moins l’un des parents pauvres de la turcologie. Réalisée précisément dans le but de contribuer à mieux le faire connaître, en s’appuyant pour ce faire à la fois sur la documentation disponible et sur des données recueillies par l’auteur dans le cadre d’un travail sur le terrain, la présente thèse en propose non seulement une description phonologique, grammaticale et lexicale, mais aussi, semble-t-il pour la première fois, une étude détaillée de son système d’écriture traditionnel, aujourd’hui moribond, qui constitue une adaptation de l’alphabet arabe. Une attention particulière a également été portée à la question de la nature des liens du salar avec les autres dialectes, actuels ou anciens, composant le domaine turc (en particulier ceux du groupe oghouz, auquel il apparaît possible que cette variété appartienne), notamment à travers la comparaison avec le turc de Turquie que permet la traduction dans ce dernier dialecte des exemples illustrant les points de grammaire abordés. Considéré comme une langue en danger par l’UNESCO, qui le classe dans la catégorie « vulnérable », le salar traverse une période critique, et les problèmes que soulèvent son statut en Chine, la place qu’il occupe dans la société où il est pratiqué, et les représentations dont il fait l’objet n’ont pas non plus été négligés dans ce travail, dont une partie a été consacrée à la mise en évidence d’un début de situation diglossique dans le cadre de laquelle parmi les réponses que tentent d’apporter certains Salars à la question de l’avenir de leur idiome figure un projet de revitalisation linguistique particulierSalar is a Turkish dialect most speakers of which live in the county of Xunhua (35°05 north, 102°03 east) in the south-eastern part of the Chinese province of Qinghai where they have been present since the end of the fourteenth century. In spite of the fact that there has been lately an increase in the studies concerning this language, it is still a poor relative of turkology. Carried out with the aim of making it better known, with the support of the available documentation and data collected by the author in his investigation in the field, this thesis offers not only a phonological, grammatical and lexical description of Salar, but also, to the best of the author’s knowledge, for the first time, a detailed study of its nearly extinct traditional writing system that constitutes an adaptation of the Arabic alphabet. We have been particularly careful to take into account the links uniting Salar with other dialects, present and ancient, which form the Turkish domain (particularly with the Oghuz group to which this variety seems to belong) notably through the comparison with Turkey Turkish, based on the translations into the latter of the grammatical items dealt with. Classified as an endangered language by UNESCO, Salar is going through a critical period. The problems raised by its status in China, the position it occupies in the society where it is spoken and the representations to which it is subjected, have also been addressed in this work. A section has been devoted to the identification of a diglossic language situation in the context of which, among the concerns raised by some Salars about the future of their language, lies a project aiming at its revitalisation
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Saeed, Aziz T. "The pragmatics of codeswitching from Fusha Arabic to Aammiyyah Arabic in religious-oriented discourse." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063206.
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This study investigated the pragmatics of codeswitching from FuSHa Arabic, the high variety of Arabic (FA), to Aammiyyah Arabic, the low variety or vernacular (AmA), in the most formal type of discourse, namely religious-oriented discourse.The study posited the following five hypotheses:1) CS occurs with considerable frequency in religious discourse; 2) these switches are communicatively purposeful; 3) frequency of CS is related to the linguistic make-up of the audience addressed, 4) to the AmA of the speaker, and 5) to the section of the discourse delivered.To carry out the investigation, the researcher analyzed 18 audio and videotapes of religious discourse, delivered by 13 Arabic religious scholars from different Arab countries. Ten of these tapes were used exclusively to show that CS occurs in religious discourse. The other eight tapes were used to investigate the other hypotheses. The eight tapes involved presentations by three of the most famous religious scholars (from Egypt, Kuwait, and Yemen) delivered 1) within their home countries and 2) outside their home countries.Three of the five hypotheses were supported. It was found that: CS from FA to AmA occurred in religious discourse with considerable frequency; these switches served pragmatic purposes; and the frequency of the switches higher in the question/answer sections than in the lecture sections.Analysis showed that codeswitches fell into three categories: iconic/rhetorical, structural, and other. The switches served numerous communicative functions, some of which resemble the functions found in CS in conversational discourse.One finding was the relationship between the content of the message and the attitude of the speaker toward or its source. Generally, what the speakers perceived as [+positive] was expressed by the H code, and whatever they perceived as [-positive] was expressed by the L code. Scrutiny of this exploitation of the two codes indicated that FA tended to be utilized as a means of upgrading, whereas AmA was used as a means of downgrading.Department of English
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Mujica, Marina Marchi. "Atitude, orientação e identidade linguística dos pomeranos residentes na comunidade de Santa Augusta- São Lourenço do Sul-RS- Brasil." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2176.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-27La actitud, la orientación y la identidad lingüística de los pomeranos residentes en la comunidad de Santa Augusta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, sonlos principales focos de esta investigación, además de cuestiones relativas a la diglosia y al bilingüismo, segundo autores como Goz Kaufmann (2001), Mackey (1972), Hatch (1983) y Harmers & Blank (2000). Visamos verificar el prestigio, el grado de importancia y la posibilidad de que ocurra una situación diglosica con relación a las lenguas portuguesa y pomerana, además de verificar se hay algún marcador lingüístico de identidad en la comunidad pomerana. Para eso, utilizamos la metodología de la etnografía de la comunicación, asociada a la metodología variacionista laboviana. Entrevistamos dos familias, las cuales sumaron 11 informantes, seleccionados mediante contacto previo con alumnos de preescolar de la Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Martinho Lutero (Comunidad de Santa Augusta- São Lourenço, RS). Además de eso, realizamos análisis con base en cuestionarios con preguntas referentes a diversos ejes (familia, salud, prácticas culturales, escolarización, lingüístico, etc.), que fueron respondidos por 36 familias. Los resultados indican que los niños de Santa Augusta son bilingües simultáneos, siendo que está habiendo una transición de bilingüismo endógeno para exógeno y de bilingüismo sustractivo para aditivo. Percibimos, también, una situación diglosica que demuestra un uso equivalente de portugués y pomerano y una identidad más asociada a la pomerana. Y, todavía, constatamos la existencia de marcadores lingüísticos de identidad en el habla de los pomeranos entrevistados.
A atitude, a orientação e a identidade linguística dos pomeranos residentes na comunidade de Santa Augusta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, são os principais focos desta pesquisa, além de questões relativas à diglossia e ao bilinguismo, segundo autores como Goz Kaufmann (2001), Mackey (1972), Hatch (1983) e Harmers&Blank (2000). Visamos verificar o prestigio, o grau de importância e a possibilidade da existência de uma situação diglóssica com relação às línguas portuguesa e pomerana, ademais de verificar se há algum marcador linguístico de identidade dentro da comunidade pomerana. Para isto, nos valemos da metodologia da etnografia da fala, associada à metodologia variacionista laboviana. Entrevistamos duas famílias, as quais somaram 11 informantes, selecionados mediante contato prévio com alunos de pré-escola da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Martinho Lutero (Comunidade de Santa Augusta- São Lourenço, RS). Além disso, realizamos análises com base em questionários com perguntas referentes a diversos eixos (família, saúde, práticas culturais, escolarização, linguístico, etc.), que foram respondidos por uma média de 35 famílias. Os resultados indicam que as crianças de Santa Augusta são bilíngues simultâneos, sendo que está havendo uma transição de bilinguismo endógeno para exógeno e de bilinguismo subtrativo para aditivo. Além disso, percebemos uma situação diglóssica que demonstra um uso equivalente de português e pomerano e uma identidade mais associada à pomerana. E, ainda, constatamos a existência de marcadores linguísticos de identidade na fala dos pomeranos entrevistados.
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Niehoff-Panagiotidis, Johannes. "Koine und Diglossie /." Wiesbaden : O. Harrassowitz, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371490266.
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Massot, Benjamin Barra Jover Mario. "Français et diglossie." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/MassotThese.pdf.
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Georger, Fabrice. "Créole et français à La Réunion : une cohabitation complexe." Thesis, La Réunion, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LARE0031/document.
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La cohabitation du créole et du français est décrite ici dans un cadre interlectal et dans une épistémologie de la complexité. En assumant l'implication du chercheur dans son objet d'étude, jamais la posture du militant n'est adoptée afin d'écarter toute surenchère idéologique. Les corpus récoltés auprès de locuteurs réunionnais variés sont traités dans leur globalité, comme dans leurs constituants, refusant d'isoler ou de rejeter le moindre élément qui pourrait contrarier les hypothèses. Des formes syntaxiques particulières, différentes de celles des adultes, se réalisent chez de jeunes locuteurs en situation d'apprentissage ou lors de leur phase d'acquisition du langage, ce qui permettrait de mettre en relief des énoncés qui seraient proches des mécanismes de l'interlangue. L'économie d'une approche glottopolitique complexe a été rejetée. À partir des années 1960, et jusqu'à aujourd'hui, de fortes revendications linguistiques sont portées par des intellectuels et des artistes de talent. Depuis l'époque des premiers travaux universitaires en créolistique, les scientifiques font des propositions d'interventions pédagogiques qui accorderaient une place au créole dans les apprentissages. Pourtant, le monde politique ne s'est pas encore emparé de cette question, la laissant ainsi aux mains de forces glottopolitiques autres, autour de la question de la graphie, de la littérature et de l'école. Nous sommes allé jusqu'à proposer les grandes lignes de ce que pourrait être une didactique du plurilinguisme réunionnaisThe cohabitation of Creole and French is described here in an interlectal framework and in an epistemology of complexity. Assuming the researcher's involvement in his study, the militant's inclination is never adopted so as to brush aside any ideological excess. The corpuses gathered from local native speakers are treated in their entirety, as in their constituents, refusing to set apart or to reject the least element that could act against the hypothesis. Specific syntactic forms, different from the grown ups', are created among young local speakers while learning or through their language acquisition, which would allow to bring out utterances close to interlingual mechanisms. A complex glottopolitical approach hasn't been ruled out. From the 1960s and until today strong linguistic demands have been brought forward by intellectuals and talented artists. From the time of the first academic researches in creolistics, scientists have been suggesting educational interventions that would grant room to creole in language learning. However, politicians haven't tackled this question yet, thus leaving it in the hands of other glottopolitical forces focusing on spelling, literature and school. We've been up to suggesting the broad outline of what could be a teaching of reunionese plurilingualism
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Warner, Faika. "Negotiating bilingual identities in selected homes and schools in the Belhar community." UWC, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2727.
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Magister Artium - MAThe study explores the negotiation of identities through linguistic innovations such as codeswitching, code-mixing and differing language choices in different domains of home and school in Belhar. The focus is to examine how languages are used to negotiate class, age, generational, socio-economic, etc differences in selected schools and homes in the community of Belhar. The specific study objectives include the following: 1. To find out the linguistic options and identities (including hybrid identities), that are available to the Belhar community. 2. To explore how Afrikaans and English (and other languages) are used as linguistic resources in the community of Belhar. The Belvue Primary school was used as a vehicle to gain access to the families in Belhar which were used as case studies. The data was collected by observing learners in the classroom, interviewing educators, interviewing parents and observing linguistic practices in the homes/families of selected learners. Using poststructuralist coupled with the social constructionist approach the study is a clear departure from studies and paradigms current in vogue in South Africa, which have linked language and ethnic identity in unambiguous ways. These paradigms also see ethnic identity as fixed and communities as homogenous and language as having a one-to-one correlation with identity. However, these studies do not consider that identities are constructed and negotiated during interaction with others. In this regard it was found that individuals in the community of Belhar constantly construct and negotiate identity using language as central to the identity behaviour. Thus ultimately their language and identity cannot be described as pro-English or pro- Afrikaans.
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Lavecchia, Marianna. "Spagnolo, inglese e spanglish a new york. Analisi sociolinguistica della comunita portoricana." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5896/.
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L'elaborato intende proporre un'analisi sociolinguistica della comunità portoricana di New York. Il lavoro di ricerca, condotto proprio nella città di New York, ha lo scopo di fornire una prospettiva, il più ampia possibile, sull'uso dell'inglese, dello spagnolo e delle pratiche linguistiche legate allo Spanglish da parte di questa specifica comunità ispanofona. Lo studio si è concentrato prevalentemente sull'analisi del comportamento linguistico di due generazioni di portoricani, i cui usi linguistici variano in relazione a specifici parametri riscontrati all'interno dell'organizzazione sociale.
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Saidi, Darine. "Développement de la compétence narrative en arabe tunisien : rapport entre formes linguistiques et fonctions discursives." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20108/document.
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Les langues du monde diffèrent en ce qui concerne l’encodage des événements et la structuration de l’information dans un discours narratif. Les outils linguistiques varient et les particularités typologiques de chaque langue influencent la façon dont le locuteur conceptualise un événement et l’encode verbalement. Notre objectif dans ce travail est d’examiner, dans une perspective développementale, la façon dont les locuteurs tunisiens se réfèrent aux événements dans une production narrative et les structurent en fonction des outils morphosyntaxiques disponibles dans leur(s) langue(s).Notre intérêt porte donc sur le développement de la compétence narrative dans une langue maternelle, l’arabe tunisien qui coexiste désormais avec l’arabe standard, langue de scolarisation, dans un paysage linguistique complexe. Le jeune enfant doit alors jongler avec des systèmes de langues différents, pour passer du statut de « native speaker » à celui de « proficient speaker ».L’arabe tunisien ou « l’arabe de la maison » est une langue essentiellement orale qui diffère considérablement de l’arabe standard. Très peu de travaux en ont décrit les spécificités, c’est pourquoi, nous consacrons une partie de notre travail à la description de certains aspects morphosyntaxiques de l’arabe tunisien en comparaison avec l’arabe standard, « langue de l’école ». L’autre objectif de notre recherche est d’étudier le développement de la compétence narrative chez les enfants tunisiens, un processus long et complexe qui se développe et s’améliore au fil des années. Pour cela nous avons constitué un corpus de productions narratives, élicitées à partir d’un livret d’images sans texte intitulé : ‘Frog where are you ?’ (Mayer, 1969). 60 locuteurs enfants (4, 7, 9, 11 ans) et 15 adultes tunisiens natifs ont participé à cette étude. Ce matériel expérimental a servi à de nombreuses études développementales et translinguistiques pour étudier l’acquisition du langage et le développement de la compétence narrative dans des langues très variées. Il nous a également permis de rendre compte du développement des formes linguistiques (ordre des mots, transitivité, voix grammaticale) et de leurs fonctions discursives dans une production narrativeLanguages differ regarding the expression of events and the organisation of information in narrative discourse. Linguistic tools vary and the typological properties of each language influence the way the speaker conceptualizes an event and encodes it verbally. The aim of this study is to examine from a developmental perspective the way Tunisian speakers refer to and organize these events in a narrative discourse according to the morphosyntactic constructions available in their language. Our interest focuses therefore on the development of narrative competence in a native language. Tunisian Arabic is a language which coexists with Standard Arabic in a complex linguistic situation. Thus, the young child has to « juggle » with two different linguistic systems in order to move from « native speaker » to « proficient speaker ». Tunisian Arabic is essentially a spoken language that differs considerably from Standard Arabic. Few studies have described its specificities, which is why part of this work is devoted to the description of some morphosyntactic aspects of this language compared to Standard Arabic. The other goal of our study is to examine the development of narrative competence in Tunisian Arabic children, a long and complex process that develop and improve over several years.To conduct this study, we used narratives elicited from age groups 4-7-9-11year-olds and adults native speakers of Tunisian Arabic, using a picture book entitled ‘Frog where are you ?’ (Mayer, 1969). This experimental material was used in many developmental and crosslinguistic studies to analyse language acquisition and the development of narrative competence in a variety of languages. It also allowed us to account for the development of linguistic forms (word order, transitivity, grammatical voice) and their discourse functions in a narrative production
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Ballón, Aguirre Enrique. "Diglosia poética: Vallejo / Verlaine." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/103285.
Full textAbstract:
La poesía de César Vallejo, al incorporar estrategias de expresión poética en las que se aleja de la “escritura monolingüe ideal” y hace intervenir diversos niveles de habla del castellano andino, es una clara muestra de una obra comprometida con el carácter plurilingüe de la sociedad en la que se inserta. Ahora bien, cuando Vallejo se traslada a París y cambia su entorno andino original por el del francés, solo algunas de las primeras innovaciones fueron mantenidas. En ese sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar los modos en que se manifiesta el cambio de diglosia literaria castellano-quechua por la intervención del francés en la poesía vallejiana a partir del análisis del poema sin título incluido en Poemas humanos.Because the poetry of César Vallejo incorporates strategies poetic expression in which it moves away from the “ideal monolingual writing” and involves different levels of the Andean Castilian speech, it is a clear sign of a committed work with the multilingual character of the society in which it is inserted. Now, when Vallejo moved to Paris and changed its original Andean setting by French, only some of the early innovations were kept. In that sense, the purpose of this article is to show the ways in which it is evidence the change of Castilian-Quechua literary diglossia by the intervention of French in Vallejo’s poetry from the analysis of the poem untitled included in Poemas humanos.
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Massot, Benjamin. "Français et diglossie : décrire la situation linguistique française contemporaine comme une diglossie : arguments morphosyntaxiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726999.
Full textAbstract:
On a depuis longtemps fait le constat de nombreuses variantes grammaticales en français (la négation avec et sans ne, SV(O) vs. la dislocation à gauche, etc.), les unes étant valorisées et les autres stigmatisées. Dans ce travail, on défend l'idée que l'on a affaire à une situation de diglossie. Cela suppose que les locuteurs intériorisent deux grammaires : l'une, le français démotique, est acquise " sur les genoux de la mère " et l'autre, le français classique tardif, est acquise à l'école et à travers les institutions qui exigent son emploi. On place cette problématique dans un cadre qui requiert l'étude des productions spontanées, l'abandon de l'opposition oral-écrit et de son caractère explicatif, et une transcription phonologique des données. À travers l'étude du nombre, de la négation, et des alternatives à SV(O), on montre l'intérêt descriptif et typologique de décrire deux grammaires. Chaque grammaire ainsi décrite est plus consistante. Enfin, une étude de corpus observe un locuteur diglosse, qui n'active bien qu'une grammaire à la fois : il mélange par exemple la dislocation à gauche avec la négation sans ne, mais jamais avec la négation avec ne.
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Carrel-Bisagni, Lise Catherine. "Les représentations sociolinguistiques de l'irlandais et de son apprentissage : enquêtes dans des établissements secondaires de Galway (République d'Irlande)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958050.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse analyse les représentations sociolinguistiques de l'irlandais et de son apprentissage chez des élèves dans l'enseignement secondaire à Galway, en République d'Irlande. Le rôle de l'école est central pour la transmission de cette langue minoritaire menacée par l'anglais ; la prise en compte des représentations sociolinguistiques partagées par les jeunes Irlandais est tout indiquée pour comprendre dans quelle mesure l'apprentissage obligatoire peut jouer son rôle et permettre la survie de la langue. La première partie place la situation sociolinguistique irlandaise en perspective diachronique et se poursuit par l'exposition de la théorie des représentations ainsi que de la méthodologie utilisée. L'enquête par questionnaire, réalisée dans quatre établissements auprès de 356 élèves âgés de 12 à 18 ans, est l'objet de la deuxième partie ; elle tente d'identifier les représentations en présence et d'évaluer leur influence potentielle sur les attitudes, la motivation et les pratiques langagières futures des apprenants. En complément de cette enquête principale sont présentées en troisième partie deux enquêtes de type ethnographique qui explorent les relations entre les représentations des élèves et les discours des manuels scolaires, mais aussi entre représentations et certains discours médiatiques (télévisuel et cinématographique). La conclusion est l'occasion de faire, à partir des résultats obtenus, dessuggestions de politique linguistique éducative dans le but d'améliorer les représentations, donc les chances de survie, de l'irlandais.
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Shrestha, Uma. "Social networks and code-switching in the Newar community of Kathmandu City." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720143.
Full textAbstract:
The present study seeks to investigate the linguistic behavior of two Newari high castes, called Shresthas and Udas, living in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, in their use of Newari, the ethnic language, and Nepali, the national language. Specifically, the study attempts to explain the hypothesis that the Hindu (Shrestha) Newars are becoming monolingual in Nepali while the Buddhist (Udas) Newars are maintaining their bilingualism in Nepali and Newari. To do so, a questionnaire was distributed to a total of 96 subjects, selected through quota sampling procedures. The questionnaire not only elicits information about the situational and societal variation in the subjects' use of Newari and Nepali but also reveals their attitudes and opinions about the differential use of these languages. Also, the participant observation method was employed to supplement and validate the responses derived from the questionnaire survey.The results from this study suggest a diglossic behavior in the Udas' use of Newari and Nepali, which, however, is remarkably different from those found in classic diglossic settings. This, in turn, leads to a reexamination of Ferguson's concept of diglossia. The Shresthas, on the other hand, frequently alternate between Newari and Nepali regardless of situation. Such linguistic differences between these two groups are related to their varied social networks and relationships; the Udas Newars' greater use of Newari is due to their closed social networks while the Shresthas' greater use of Nepali is due to their open social networks.The data on the analysis of the subjects' attitudes and opinions toward Nepali and Newari indicate that the Udas Newars are positive and favorable toward Newari while the Shresthas are ambivalent in their opinions toward these languages. This study, therefore, emphasizes a strong need for bilingual education in the country.The results of the present study show that the Udas' use of Newari exclusively at home and with children is a major factor in its retention. Among the Shresthas, it is rapidly losing ground to Nepali. Newari then is gradually dying away among the Shresthas, and will continually do so in the absence of institutional support.Department of English