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1

Chen, Sheng. "Theory And Application of Gallium Nitride Based Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 81 (January 26, 2024): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/26qm0041.

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Semiconductors are key components for the development of Industry 4.0 innovative technologies such as consumer electronics, data centers, intelligent new energy vehicles, and aerospace technology. Academic research on semiconductors can not only promote the development of electronics and electromagnetics, but also meet the demand for high-performance semiconductors in technological development. This paper provides a review of the theoretical and experimental research results on gallium nitride based diluted magnetic semiconductors, and prospects the future application prospects of gallium nitride based diluted magnetic semiconductors. This paper found that the theoretical prediction of gallium nitride based diluted magnetic semiconductors is generally believed to have good temperature conditions and advantages in thermal conductivity, electron mobility, breakdown voltage, and other aspects. The current experimental results also confirm that gallium nitride based diluted magnetic semiconductors can improve the limitations of semiconductors under room temperature conditions. This article believes that this semiconductor material has broad development potential in fields such as intelligent vehicles, aerospace, and cloud computing.
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2

Samarth, N., and J. K. Furdyna. "Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors." MRS Bulletin 13, no. 6 (1988): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400065477.

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Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) are semiconducting alloys whose lattice is partly made of substitutional magnetic ions. The most extensively studied materials of this type are the alloys, in which a fraction of the group II sublattice is replaced at random by Mn. The entire family of ternary alloys, along with their crystal structure and corresponding ranges of composition, is listed in Table I. Over the past decade, these alloys have attracted a growing scientific interest because of new fundamental effects in semiconductor physics and magnetism in these materials and because of their potential applications in optical nonreciprocal devices, solid state lasers, flat panel displays, infrared detectors, and other optoelectronic applications.The increasing popularity of this field can be attributed to the broad variety of fascinating problems offered by the study of the alloys. To begin with, there is an interest in the semiconducting properties per se — for instance, the understanding of the electronic band structure and its variation with alloy composition. As in other ternary alloys, the band parameters and the lattice constant can be “tuned” by controlling the alloy composition, opening the door to band-gap engineering and lattice matching in the context of epitaxially grown superlattices and het-erostructures. The random distribution of Mn atoms with a well-characterized antiferromagnetic Mn-Mn exchange interaction provides an ideal system for studying fundamental questions in disordered magnetism. The sp-d exchange interaction between the spins of band electrons and the localized moments of the Mn atoms constitutes a unique interplay between semiconductor physics and magnetism. This leads to unusual magneto-transport and magneto-optic phenomena such as an extremely large Faraday rotation, giant negative magneto-resistance, and a magnetic-field-induced metal-insulator transition. Finally, the potential technological importance of DMS is also being recognized. For example, the large Faraday rotation holds promise of DMS applications as optical isolators, modulators, and circulators. We will briefly introduce some of the exciting research problems offered by the study of DMS. More detailed information is available in several extensive reviews and compendia.
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3

Samarth, N., and J. K. Furdyna. "Diluted magnetic semiconductors." Proceedings of the IEEE 78, no. 6 (1990): 990–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.56911.

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4

Furdyna, J. K. "Diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Applied Physics 64, no. 4 (1988): R29—R64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341700.

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5

Fan, Yan. "Recent progress in diluted ferromagnetism for spintronic application." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2608, no. 1 (2023): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2608/1/012046.

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Abstract With the continuous in-depth research of spintronics, the manufacture of high-performance magnetic random access memory devices and electronic devices that are more energy-efficient and generate less heat has received extensive attention. The traditional ferromagnet TbMnO3 is basically Tc at room temperature, which seriously limits its application. Since the discovery of diluted magnetic semiconductor materials at room temperature, such as AlNTiO2, ZnO, SnO2, etc., they have received increasing attention. Although these dopants can form ferromagnetism above-room temperature, the ferromagnetic mechanism and ferromagnetic properties are different. In this regard, we reviewed the current progress in the research on above room temperature dilute magnetic semiconductor materials; discussed the ferromagnetic mechanism of dilute magnetic semiconductors; summarized the problems and challenges, and advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of dilute magnetic semiconductor materials used in new memory devices; and prospected the application potential of spintronic devices.
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6

Ved M. V., Dorokhin M. V., Lesnikov V. P., et al. "Circularly polarized electroluminescence at room temperature in heterostructures based on GaAs:Fe diluted magnetic semiconductor." Technical Physics Letters 48, no. 13 (2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tpl.2022.13.53370.18836.

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In this work, we demonstrate the possibility of using a diluted magnetic semiconductor GaAs:Fe as a ferromagnetic injector in a spin light-emitting diode based on a GaAs/InGaAs quantum well heterostructure. It is shown that in such a device it is possible to observe partially circularly polarized electroluminescence at room temperature. Keywords: spin light-emitting diodes, diluted magnetic semiconductors, A3B5 semiconductors, spin injection.
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7

Jiao, Yu Zhang, Xin Chao Wang, Tao Zhang, Ke Fu Yao, Zheng Jun Zhang, and Na Chen. "Magnetic Semiconductors from Ferromagnetic Amorphous Alloys." Materials Science Forum 1107 (December 6, 2023): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-jim2w4.

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Utilizing both charge and spin degrees of freedom of electrons simultaneously in magnetic semiconductors promises new device concepts by creating an opportunity to realize data processing, transportation and storage in one single spintronic device. Unlike most of the traditional diluted magnetic semiconductors, which obtain intrinsic ferromagnetism by adding magnetic elements to non-magnetic semiconductors, we attempt to develop room temperature magnetic semiconductors via a metal-semiconductor transition by introducing oxygen into three different ferromagnetic amorphous alloy systems. These magnetic semiconductors show different conduction types determined primarily by the compositions of the selected amorphous ferromagnetic alloy systems. These findings may pave a new way to realize magnetic semiconductor-based spintronic devices that work at room temperature.
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8

Hass, K. C., B. E. Larson, H. Ehrenreich, and A. E. Carlsson. "Magnetic interactions in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 54-57 (February 1986): 1283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(86)90819-x.

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9

de Jonge, W. J. M., and H. J. M. Swagten. "Magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 100, no. 1-3 (1991): 322–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(91)90827-w.

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10

Kacman, P. "Spin interactions in diluted magnetic semiconductors and magnetic semiconductor structures." Semiconductor Science and Technology 16, no. 4 (2001): R25—R39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/16/4/201.

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11

Ivanov, V. A. "Diluted magnetic semiconductors and spintronics." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 71, no. 11 (2007): 1610–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873807110433.

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12

Blinowski, J., P. Kacman, and J. A. Majewski. "Superexchange in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors." Materials Science Forum 182-184 (February 1995): 779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.182-184.779.

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13

Munekata, H., H. Ohno, S. von Molnar, Armin Segmüller, L. L. Chang, and L. Esaki. "Diluted magnetic III-V semiconductors." Physical Review Letters 63, no. 17 (1989): 1849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.63.1849.

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14

Bryksa, V. P. "Diluted magnetic A1-xMnxB semiconductors." Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 7, no. 2 (2004): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo7.02.119.

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15

Twardowski, A. "Diluted Magnetic III-V Semiconductors." Acta Physica Polonica A 98, no. 3 (2000): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.98.203.

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16

Bhattacharjee, A. K. "Chromium-based diluted magnetic semiconductors." Physical Review B 49, no. 19 (1994): 13987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.49.13987.

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17

Tripathi, G. S., B. G. Mahanty, and S. N. Behera. "Photomaganetization in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Phase Transitions 78, no. 1-3 (2005): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590412331316564.

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18

SAMARTH, N., and J. K. FURDYNA. "ChemInform Abstract: Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors." ChemInform 22, no. 15 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199115305.

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19

KOSSUT, J., and W. DOBROWOLSKI. "ChemInform Abstract: Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors." ChemInform 27, no. 25 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199625325.

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20

Samarth, N., and J. K. Furdyna. "Erratum to: Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors." MRS Bulletin 13, no. 8 (1988): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/bf03546436.

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21

Hagston, W. E., T. Stirner, and J. Miao. "Localized magnetic polarons in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Applied Physics 82, no. 11 (1997): 5653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366426.

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22

Hagston, W. E., T. Stirner, J. P. Goodwin, and P. Harrison. "Magnetic-field effects in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Physical Review B 50, no. 8 (1994): 5255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.50.5255.

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23

Mohanty, Sunita, and S. Ravi. "Magnetic properties of -based diluted magnetic semiconductors." Solid State Communications 150, no. 33-34 (2010): 1570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2010.05.045.

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24

Archer, Thomas, Chaitanya Das Pemmaraju, and Stefano Sanvito. "Magnetic properties of ZrO2-diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 316, no. 2 (2007): e188-e190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.02.085.

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25

Maksymowicz, L. J., M. Lubecka, R. Szymczak, W. Powroźnik, and H. Jankowski. "Magnetic parameters of diluted magnetic semiconductors CdCr2Se4." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 242-245 (April 2002): 924–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(01)01321-x.

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26

Shapira, Y. "Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors in High Magnetic Fields." Acta Physica Polonica A 87, no. 1 (1995): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.87.107.

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27

MIURA, N., Y. H. MATSUDA, and T. IKAIDA. "MEGAGAUSS CYCLOTRON RESONANCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES AND DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 20n22 (2002): 3399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202014565.

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We report the latest results of cyclotron resonance experiments on semiconductor nanostructures and diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) in very high magnetic fields up to 600 T produced by magnetic flux compression and the single turn coiled technique. Many new features were observed in the very high field range, such as characteristic behavior of low dimensional electrons, carrier dynamics or electron-electron interaction effects in quantum wells and quantum dot samples. In PbSe/PdEuTe quantum dots, which were regularly arranged to form an fcc superlattice, we observed an absorption peak with a splitting and a wavelength dependence of the absorption intensity. In DMS, such as CdMnTe and InMnAs, change of the carrier effective mass with Mn doping was studied in detail. We found anomalous mass increase with doping of magnetic ions. The amount of the observed mass increase cannot be explained by the k·p theory and suggests the importance of d-s or d-p hybridization.
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28

Dietl. "FERROMAGNETIC TRANSITION IN DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS." Condensed Matter Physics 2, no. 3 (1999): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.2.3.495.

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29

Slobodskyy, Dugaev, and Vieira. "FERROMAGNETIC ORDERING IN DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS." Condensed Matter Physics 5, no. 3 (2002): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.5.3.531.

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30

Harrison, P., J. M. Fatah, T. Stirner, and W. E. Hagston. "Alloy nonrandomness in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Applied Physics 79, no. 3 (1996): 1684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360954.

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31

Sato, K., P. H. Dederichs, H. Katayama-Yoshida, and J. Kudrnovský. "Exchange interactions in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 16, no. 48 (2004): S5491—S5497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/16/48/003.

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32

Felici, A. C., F. Lama, M. Piacentini, et al. "Photoacoustic spectroscopy of diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Applied Physics 80, no. 12 (1996): 6925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363766.

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33

Furdyna, J. K. "Diluted magnetic semiconductors: Issues and opportunities." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 4, no. 4 (1986): 2002–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.574016.

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34

Triki, M., and S. Jaziri. "Electron states in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Superlattices and Microstructures 38, no. 2 (2005): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2005.04.002.

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35

Jaroszyński, J., and T. Dietl. "Mesoscopic phenomena in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Materials Science and Engineering: B 84, no. 1-2 (2001): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5107(01)00574-8.

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36

Bouzerar, Richard, and Georges Bouzerar. "Unified picture for diluted magnetic semiconductors." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 92, no. 4 (2010): 47006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/92/47006.

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37

Larson, B. E., K. C. Hass, H. Ehrenreich, and A. E. Carlsson. "Exchange mechanisms in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Solid State Communications 56, no. 4 (1985): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(85)90399-0.

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38

Furdyna, J. K. "Shallow centers in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Solid State Communications 53, no. 12 (1985): 1097–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(85)90886-5.

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39

Seshadri, Ram. "Zinc oxide-based diluted magnetic semiconductors." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 9, no. 1-2 (2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2006.03.002.

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40

Timm, Carsten. "Disorder effects in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 15, no. 50 (2003): R1865—R1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/50/r03.

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41

Rodriguez, S., and A. K. Ramdas. "Raman scattering by diluted magnetic semiconductors." Pure and Applied Chemistry 59, no. 10 (1987): 1269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198759101269.

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42

Karpov, V. G., and E. I. Tsidil’kovskii. "Band tails in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Physical Review B 49, no. 7 (1994): 4539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.49.4539.

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43

Dietl, T., G. Grabecki, and J. Jaroszynski. "Mesoscopic phenomena in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Semiconductor Science and Technology 8, no. 1S (1993): S141—S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/8/1s/032.

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44

Blinowski, J., and P. Kacman. "Kinetic exchange in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Physical Review B 46, no. 19 (1992): 12298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.46.12298.

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45

Kudrnovský, J., V. Drchal, G. Bouzerar, and R. Bouzerar. "Ordering effects in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Phase Transitions 80, no. 4-5 (2007): 333–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590701228265.

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46

Lewicki, A., J. Spałek, J. K. Furdyna, and R. R. Gała̧zka. "Superexchange in diluted magnetic (semimagnetic) semiconductors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 54-57 (February 1986): 1221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(86)90790-0.

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47

Bhattacharjee, A. K. "Orbital exchange in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Journal of Crystal Growth 138, no. 1-4 (1994): 895–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(94)90927-x.

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48

CHOI, HEON-JIN, HAN-KYU SEONG, and UNGKIL KIM. "DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES." Nano 03, no. 01 (2008): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292008000848.

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An idea for simultaneously manipulating spin and charge in a single semiconductor medium has resulted in the development of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs), which exhibits surprisingly room temperature ferromagnetic signatures despite having controversial ferromagnetic origin. However, achievement of truly room temperature ferromagnetism by carrier mediation is still the subject of intense research to develop the practical spin-based devices. Nanowires with one-dimensional nanostructure, which offers thermodynamically stable features and typically single crystalline and defect free, have a number of advantages over thin films with respect to studying ferromagnetism in DMSs. This review focuses primarily on our works on GaN -based DMS nanowires, i.e., Mn -doped GaN , Mn -doped AlGaN and Cu -doped GaN nanowires. These DMS nanowires have room temperature ferromagnetism by the local magnetic moment of doping elements that are in a divalent state and in tetrahedral coordination, thus substituting Ga in the wurtzite-type network structure of host materials. Importantly, our evidences indicate that the magnetism is originated from the ferromagnetic interaction driven by the carrier. These outcomes suggest that nanowires are ideal building blocks to address the magnetism in DMS due to their thermodynamic stability, single crystallinity, free of defects and free standing nature from substrate. Nanowires themselves are ideal building blocks for nanodevices and, thus, it would also be helpful in developing DMS-based spin devices.
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49

Yuan, Ye, Yufang Xie, Ning Yuan, et al. "The Al Doping Effect on Epitaxial (In,Mn)As Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors Prepared by Ion Implantation and Pulsed Laser Melting." Materials 14, no. 15 (2021): 4138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154138.

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One of the most attractive characteristics of diluted ferromagnetic semiconductors is the possibility to modulate their electronic and ferromagnetic properties, coupled by itinerant holes through various means. A prominent example is the modification of Curie temperature and magnetic anisotropy by ion implantation and pulsed laser melting in III–V diluted magnetic semiconductors. In this study, to the best of our knowledge, we performed, for the first time, the co-doping of (In,Mn)As diluted magnetic semiconductors by Al by co-implantation subsequently combined with a pulsed laser annealing technique. Additionally, the structural and magnetic properties were systematically investigated by gradually raising the Al implantation fluence. Unexpectedly, under a well-preserved epitaxial structure, all samples presented weaken Curie temperature, magnetization, as well as uniaxial magnetic anisotropies when more aluminum was involved. Such a phenomenon is probably due to enhanced carrier localization introduced by Al or the suppression of substitutional Mn atoms.
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50

Hagston, W. E., T. Stirner, P. Harrison, O. F. Holbrook, and J. P. Goodwin. "Impurity-bound magnetic polarons in diluted magnetic semiconductors." Physical Review B 50, no. 8 (1994): 5264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.50.5264.

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