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Kurniawati, Wati. "Akomodasi Bahasa di Napan, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste." Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa 8, no. 2 (2019): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v8i2.1119.
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Napan village is located in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region whose people speak in Dawan and Indonesian. The problem in this studyare the accommodation of Dawan speakers, what is the direction of their accommodation between languages, and how do speakers’ who accommodate at the syntactic level based on gender and age groupThis study aims to identify the level of syntax used in language accommodation and its frequency based on the characteristics of respondents in Napan Village, the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region, East Nusa Tenggara. The method of the study is the survey method with 72 respondents of Dawan speakers which are divided into 36 men and 36 women as the samples. The results show that speakers of Dawan accommodate the language because of the security, familiarity, and growing trust within the speech participants. Speakers of Dawan are very positive about their language, positive about Indonesian language and quite positive about the languages of the neighboring country, namely Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili. Speakers of the Dawan language accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili language at the lexical level, phrases, sentences, and expressions. Based on gender, female speakers of Dawan accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili language (9.7%) more than male speakers (8.3%). Meanwhile, male speakers of Dawan (41.7%) are less accommodative to Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili than female speakers (40.3%). Based on age, speakers of Dawan who accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili languages dominantly come from the ages of 26--50 years old (8.3%) compared to ages less than 25 years old (5.5%) and more than 51 years old (4, 2%). In addition, speakers of Dawan who do not accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili languages are speakers older than 51 years old (29.2%) more dominant than those aged less than 25 years (27.8%) and those aged between 26-50 years (25%). ABSTRAKDesa Napan terletak di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste yang masyarakatnya bertutur dalam bahasa Dawan dan bahasa Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah mengapa penutur bahasa Dawan berakomodasi, bagaimana arah akomodasi antarbahasa, dan bagaimana penutur yang berakomodasi pada tataran sintaksis berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan kelompok usia? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tataran sintaksis yang digunakan dalam akomodasi bahasa dan frekuensinya berdasarkan karakteristik responden di Desa Napan, wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode survei. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 72 responden penutur bahasa Dawan, yang terdiri atas 36 pria dan 36 wanita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penutur bahasa Dawan di Desa Napan berakomodasi karena kenyamanan, keakraban, dan untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya mitra tutur. Penutur bahasa Dawan sangat positif terhadap daerahnya (bahasa Dawan), positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia, dan cukup positif terhadap bahasa negara tetangga, yaitu bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili. Penutur bahasa Dawan berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili pada tataran leksikal, frasa, kalimat, dan ungkapan. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penutur perempuan bahasa Dawan yang berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili (9,7%) lebih dominan daripada laki-laki (8,3%). Sementara itu, penutur laki-laki bahasa Dawan yang tidak berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili (41,7%) lebih dominan daripada perempuan (40,3%). Berdasarkan kelompok usia, penutur bahasa Dawan yang berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili tampak dominan yang berusia 26—50 tahun (8,3%) dibandingkan dengan yang berusia <25 tahun (5,5%) dan > 51 tahun (4,2%). Di samping itu, penutur bahasa Dawan yang tidak berakomodasi bahasa adalah penutur yang berusia >51 tahun (29,2%) lebih dominan daripada yang berusia <25 tahun (27,8%) dan yang berusia 26—50 tahun (25%).
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Haseman, John B. "Catalyst for Change in Indonesia: The Dili Incident." Asian Survey 35, no. 8 (1995): 757–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2645734.
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Haseman, John B. "Catalyst for Change in Indonesia: The Dili Incident." Asian Survey 35, no. 8 (1995): 757–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1995.35.8.01p00462.
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LOWRY, J. K., R. T. SPRINGTHORPE, and B. A. R. AZMAN. "The talitrid amphipod genus Talorchestia from the South China Sea to the Indonesian Archipelago (Crustacea, Senticaudata)." Zootaxa 4319, no. 3 (2017): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.1.
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We redescribe Talorchestia gracilis (Dana, 1852a) for the first time and designate a neotype based on new collections from Pulau Layang-Layang, Swallow Reef, South China Sea. We describe T. bunaken sp. nov. from Bunaken Island, Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, T. dili sp. nov. from Dili, Timor-Leste, T. seringat sp. nov. from Singapore, T. sipadan sp. nov. from Sipadan Island, Sabah, Malaysia and T. yoyoae sp. nov. from Lombok, Indonesia. We report T. spinipalma (Dana, 1852a) from Madang, northern Papua New Guinea.
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Kinasih, Tika Ageng Ayu, Nurenzia Yannuar, and Arif Subiyanto. "Discriminatory Discursive Strategies in Online Comments of a Vice Indonesia YouTube Video." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 2, no. 6 (2022): 865–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v2i62022p865-879.
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Abstract: Timor Leste is currently promoting LGBTQ rights. In stark contrast to their beliefs, every year, the country celebrates the annual Pride Parade in the capital city of_Dili. This study focuses on a YouTube channel named Vice Indonesia which has visited and reported on the annual Pride Parade celebration in Dili. The focus of this paper is to analyze the discriminatory discursive strategies that are present in the comments section of the video and how people perceive LGBTQ in Timor Leste after watching the video. Discriminatory discursive strategies by Flowerdew et al. (2002) have been reviewed and used in this study to analyze negative comments. The results showed that four discursive strategies, namely: (1) negative other presentation, (2) scare tactics, (3) blaming the victim, and (4) delegitimation were found in the comments section. Positive and supportive comments exist but are hidden behind negative comments. In addition, this study has offered some insights into how Indonesians perceive LGBTQ by watching the LGBTQ Pride Parade that was celebrated in Dili, Timor Leste. Keywords: discriminatory discursive strategies; negative other presentation; scare tactics; blaming the victim; delegitimation Abstrak: Timor Leste saat ini sedang mempromosikan hak-hak LGBTQ. Sangat kontras dengan kepercayaan mereka anut, setiap tahun, negara ini merayakan Pride Parade tahunan di ibu kota Dili. Studi ini berfokus pada saluran Youtube bernama Vice Indonesia yang telah mengunjungi dan memberitakan perayaan tahunan Pride Parade di Dili. Fokus studi ini adalah menganalisis strategi diskursif diskriminatif yang ada di bagian kolom komentar video dan bagaimana orang memandang LGBTQ di Timor Leste setelah menonton video tersebut. Strategi diskursif diskriminatif oleh Flowerdew et al. (2002) telah ditinjau dan digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis komentar negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat strategi diskursif, yaitu: (1) presentasi negatif lainnya, (2) taktik menakut-nakuti, (3) menyalahkan korban, dan (4) delegitimasi ditemukan di bagian komentar. Komentar positif dan mendukung juga ada tetapi tersembunyi di balik komentar negatif. Selain itu, penelitian ini telah menawarkan beberapa wawasan tentang bagaimana orang Indonesia memandang LGBTQ dengan menonton Parade Pride LGBTQ yang dirayakan di Dili, Timor Leste. Kata kunci: strategi diskursif diskriminatif; presentasi negatif lainnya; taktik menakut-nakuti; menyalahkan korban; delegitimasi
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Silva Fernandes, Moisés. "As repercussões da intervenção de D. Martinho da Costa Lopes na Comissão de Direitos Humanos das Nações Unidas." Relações Internacionais, no. 74 (June 2022): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23906/ri2022.74a07.
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After leaving Dili on 17 May 1983, the former Apostolic Administrator of Dili, Monsignor D. Martinho da Costa Lopes, went abroad to try to raise awareness of the tragic situation in which Timor-Leste found itself, after it became annexed by Indonesia on 7 December 1975. Almost eight months later, he went to the United Nations’ Human Rights Commission in Geneva, with the support of Pax Christi International. Monsignor D. Martinho da Costa Lopes was a pioneer of peace through self-determination and independence for Timor-Leste, which was only achieved in 1999.
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Laksito, Petrus Canisius Edi. "SEJARAH PASTORAL KEUSKUPAN SURABAYA: 1850-1942." JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 21, no. 2 (2021): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v21i2.333.
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This article deals with some elements of pastoral works and care of souls in the Diocese of Surabaya, in the East Java, Indonesia, especially in the mission era of 1850-1942. This period, which ends with the defeat of the colonial power of the Dutch by the Japanese occupation forces, is of great importance, because it laid the foundation of the community life of this Diocese for the next periods. Being still in the period of mission, pastoral works of caring the souls of those days were characterized by the atmosphere of mission works. While as a term “mission” was still a “keyword” of this period, it is hoped that a good understanding about this period could be a good introduction for the future study of the history of pastoral works in the Diocese of Surabaya.
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Howarth, Bob. "Phoenix rising 2000: How Timor-Leste’s media bloomed from the ashes of violence and bloody conflict." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 24, no. 2 (2018): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v24i2.448.
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Commentary: The second annual Dili Dialogue Forum in July 2018 was sponsored by UNESCO, UNDP and the Timor-Leste Press Council and the governments of New Zealand, Japan and the Netherlands. Delegates came from Asian press councils and media freedom bodies, including the South East Asian Press Alliance, and from Cambodia, China, Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. For the first time, Papua New Guinea’s Media Council was represented by its secretary and popular television presenter Belinda Kora. The author reflects on two days of presentations and roundtable discussions at the Forum—which saw Dili becoming the hub for a much bigger alliance of Asia-Pacific press councils—in the context of his long involvement in Timor-Leste media freedom issues.
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Kennedy, Posma Sariguna Johnson, Toni Hendrik, Suzanna Josephine Lumban Tobing, and Rutman Lumban Toruan. "DISKUSI DAN PEMBERIAN PEMAHAMAN MENGENAI PENGAMANAN PERBATASAN INDONESIA-TIMOR LESTE DI DILI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY." RESWARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (2022): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46576/rjpkm.v3i2.1809.
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Indonesia saat ini tidak menghadapi ancaman tradisional dan sedang membina hubungan yang baik dengan Negara Timor Leste melalui kerjasama di berbagai bidang. Kini pandangan pengelolaan perbatasan mulai berkembang dengan menolak anggapan bahwa keamanan harus dicapai melalui akumulasi kekuatan. Sebaliknya, dasar dari keamanan adalah keadilan sosial dan kemakmuran ekonomi. Keamanan adalah ketika masyarakat dibebaskan dari kemiskinan dan bebas dari ketakutan. Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberi pemahaman dan bertukar pikiran dengan dosen dan mahasiswa di Dili Institute of Technology di Timor Leste mengenai pengamanan perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi langsung kepada mitra. Mereka mempertanyakan mengapa masih terdapat banyak Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) yang menjaga perbatasan, bukan hanya polisi perbatasan. Mereka berpendapat bahwa sebagai negara yang bersahabat, penjagaan tidak lagi menggunakan hardpower tetapi lebih mengedepankan soft power. Penjelasan diberikan bahwa penjagaan perbatasan di Republik Indonesia memang harus memenuhi Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI, dimana pengamanan wilayah perbatasan Negara Indonesia dilakukan oleh TNI.
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De Oliveira, Emeliano Maria Gusmão, Radjali Amin, and Sudarmadji Sudarmadji. "KORELASI KONDISI GEOLOGI DAN SUMBER PENCEMAR TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUMUR DI KECAMATAN VERA CRUZ, DILI, TIMOR LESTE." EnviroScienteae 18, no. 3 (2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v18i3.14810.
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The research was took place in Post Administrative of Vera Cruz, Dili City, Timor Leste. Vera Cruz is one of the 5 (five) post administrative that located in Dili City. The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of well water in the research area, considering that the government supply of clean water to Dili City could not fulfill the needs of the community. By understanding the quality of well water for the community daily consumption, the community might be more confident or able to treat the well water so that it was safe for consumption. Well water samples were taken randomly from 4 villages of Vera Cruz Post Administrative. Well water quality was analyzed in the laboratory with 6 (six) parameters, including Mn, Fe, and microbiology. In addition, the distance of the well to the source of pollutant and the local geological conditions were studied to find out their influences to the quality of the well water. Referring to several standards of drinking water quality from both Indonesia and Timor Leste, it was known that well water in Vera Cruz Post Administrative has not been yet suitable for direct consumption because it was affected by domestic polluting sources and local geological conditions. Therefore, the well water should be treated before consumption.
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Oemijati, Sri, Wita Pribadi, Kusuma Wartati, Pr Arbani, Sri Suprijanto, and Rochida Rasisi. "Treatment of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections with clindamycin hydrochloride in Dili, East Timor, Indonesia." Current Therapeutic Research 55, no. 4 (1994): 468–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-393x(05)80533-8.
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Macalister, John. "Language policies, language planning and linguistic landscapes in Timor-Leste." Language Problems and Language Planning 36, no. 1 (2012): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.36.1.02mac.
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Timor-Leste is a nation where three exogenous languages (Portuguese, Bahasa Indonesia, English) and one of many endogenous languages (Tetun) compete to be heard in public spaces. The constitution names both Tetun and Portuguese as co-official languages, and English and Bahasa Indonesia as working languages in the civil service; but official and de facto language policy are not necessarily the same. One mechanism that can mediate between ideology and practice, both as a way of imposing and of resisting official policy, is language in the public space. This paper demonstrates the insights that examining language in the public space can provide on language policy debates. It reports on the investigation of a linguistic landscape in Dili, the capital of Timor-Leste, and finds considerable difference between official language policy and language practices.
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Williams-van Klinken, Catharina, and John Hajek. "Language contact and functional expansion in Tetun Dili: The evolution of a new press register." Multilingua 37, no. 6 (2018): 613–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi-2017-0109.
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Abstract Tetun Dili, an Austronesian language spoken in East Timor, was until 1999 primarily an oral language of intercultural communication. Since the 1999 vote on independence from Indonesia, Tetun Dili has become the dominant language of public life, including the government, education and the media, as well as becoming an official language alongside Portuguese, a former colonial language. The rapidly evolving press register of Tetun shows significant impact from language contact. Portuguese influence is seen primarily in extensive lexical borrowing, brought in by the Portuguese-educated elite as well as by translators and writers. Indonesian influence is seen in several calques for expressing anaphora, brought in by Indonesian-educated writers, and an adversative passive. Other new constructions, including a more general passive and final quote margins, have come about through the combined influence of Portuguese, Indonesian and English, the last as a source language for much literal translation into Tetun. Some discourse features of press Tetun, such as high information density and events being told out of chronological order, are the results of international journalistic style. While a rapid evolution of new written registers is not uncommon, the East Timor situation is unique in its combination of contact languages, and the significant number of grammatical innovations.
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Othman, Mohamed. "East Timor: A Critique of the Model of Accountability for Serious Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law Violations." Nordic Journal of International Law 72, no. 4 (2003): 449–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181003772759485.
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AbstractThe article examines the model of accountability for international humanitarian law violations committed in East Timor in 1999, in which the Security Council opted for parallel accountability,in East Timor and Indonesia. In the former, it is anchored on a 'mixed' judicial process, administered by 'Special Panels' of the Dili District Court composed of national and international judges. Although its legal framework is sound, and persons 'most responsible' have been indicted, the allocated resources were meager, desired full accountability overambitious, and most accused remain at large. In Indonesia, the ad hoc Human Rights Court's framework is laden withjurisdictional loopholes, and the conduct of prosecutions non-diligent, reflecting 'unwillingness or inability', genuinely to account. If that process had been under the ICC regime, it would have been a valid ground for seizure of jurisdiction by that court. The net result of the model is a misjoinder of human rights perpetrators.
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Kennedy, Posma Sariguna Johnson. "Discussion with Sinodo Dili: The Social Role of the Church in Timor Leste." Journal of Sustainable Community Development (JSCD) 4, no. 1 (2022): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32924/jscd.v4i1.68.
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The implementation of this community service aims to deepen issues regarding the role of the Church in Timor Leste in dealing with social problems in serving and protecting its people through discussions with Sinodo in Dili, Timor Leste. This topic needs to be explored because Timor Leste is a neighboring country of Indonesia. It is directly adjacent to the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, so it is necessary to know its character and socio-culture so that friendship between countries can be carried out properly, especially in managing state borders that prioritize welfare. The Church in Timor Leste should have a balanced appearance, that is, in worship/sacrament appearances and social appearances. Good cooperation is needed between the hierarchy (church leaders) and the laity (the people) to mobilize the Church's role in overcoming social conditions or situations among the people or society. The role of the Church has been relentless, starting from the Timor-Portugal period and through the Timor-Indonesian period to the present-day Independent Timor.
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Andhika, Yutriani. "Analisis Penggunaan Tata Bahasa Indonesia dalam Penulisan Ragam Kalimat: Studi Kasus Pemelajar Kelas 11 SMA Cristal Dili." Jurnal Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (JBIPA) 1, no. 2 (2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/jbipa.v1i2.1848.
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Junianto, Pilifus. "CONGREGATIONS AS CONSUMERS: USING MARKETING RESEARCH TO STUDY CHURCH ATTENDANCE MOTIVATIONS IN THE DIOCESE OF BANDUNG INDONESIA." Journal of Economics and Business 2, no. 2 (2018): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/jebi.v2i2.24.
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This applied techniques study more commonly associated with the churchgoing orientation religious and church marketing mix. Data were collected using questionnaires filled out by 924 respondent who were present at the Bandung Diocesan Church. Data processed by crosstabulation. It tries to know whether there is a relationship between church marketing mix and churchgoing motivations with their attendance. The results indicated that there is connection between churchgoing motivations with their attendance and church marketing mix. Internal orientation of the respondent's religion has the highest influence among the orientations. Then in the church marketing mix, the greatest effect is the respondents are happy with the time schedule in Sunday Mass. It is the access category.
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Barros, Carmelita, and Fitri Arofiati. "Pengaruh Edukasi Senam Kaki Diabetes Mellitus Berbahasa Tetum Terhadap Sirkulasi Ekstremitas Bawah Dan Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu Di Centru Saude Comoro, Dili, Timor Leste." Journal Of Health Science (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan) 5, no. 1 (2020): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24929/jik.v5i1.946.
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ABSTRACT
 Diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is better known as diabetes and in Timor Leste DM known as Ra'an Midar has become a very serious health problem, and is the most common endocrine disease. Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that is characterized by metabolic disorders or pancreatic damage so that the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to the maximum so that it can cause insulin deficiency in the body both absolute and relative can increase blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. Data from the Dili District Health Office in 2018 showed that there were 2690 patients with diabetes mellitus, so that diabetic foot exercises were needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tetum Language Diabetes Foot Gymnastic Education on Lower Circulation and Lower Blood Sugar Levels at the Saude Comoro Center, Dili, Timor Leste. Method : using the Pre-Experiment method. Independent variable: Education of Tetum Language Diabetes Foot Gymnastics Education, dependent variable: Circulation of Lower Extremity and Blood Sugar Level at a Time. Population 100 people, sample 28 people, sample technique: simple random, data collection: Examination of blood sugar levels, blood circulation, statistical tests: Wilcoxon Test. Results : Most respondents who had good blood circulation were 15 pre- test (53.6%) and 18 post-test (64.3%). And the majority of respondents whose blood sugar levels were good were 14 people pre-test (50.0%) and 20 people post test (71.4%). Based on the results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the value of blood circulation is a significant level of 0.005 and the blood sugar level is at a significant level of 0,000. Conclusion : Conclusion there is the influence of Education on Tetun Language Diabetes Foot Gymnastics on Lower Extracurricular Circulation and Blood Sugar Levels At the Saude Comoro Center, Dili, Timor Leste.
 Keyword: Leg exercise, lower extremity bloodd circulation, Blood sugar levels, Diabetes mellitus.
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Donovan, Joseph, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Nguyen Thi Hoang Mai, et al. "Adjunctive dexamethasone for the treatment of HIV-infected adults with tuberculous meningitis (ACT HIV): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial." Wellcome Open Research 3 (March 20, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14006.1.
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Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis. Co-infection with HIV increases the risk of developing TBM, complicates treatment, and substantially worsens outcome. Whether corticosteroids confer a survival benefit in HIV-infected patients with TBM remains uncertain. Hepatitis is the most common drug-induced serious adverse event associated with anti-tuberculosis treatment, occurring in 20% of HIV-infected patients. The suggested concentration thresholds for stopping anti-tuberculosis drugs are not evidence-based. This study aims to determine whether dexamethasone is a safe and effective addition to the first 6-8 weeks of anti-tuberculosis treatment of TBM in patients with HIV, and investigate alternative management strategies in a subset of patients who develop drug induced liver injury (DILI) that will enable the safe continuation of rifampicin and isoniazid therapy. Methods: We will perform a parallel group, randomised (1:1), double blind, placebo-controlled multi-centre Phase III trial, comparing the effect of dexamethasone versus placebo on overall survival in HIV-infected patients with TBM, in addition to standard anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment. The trial will be set in two hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and two hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. The trial will enrol 520 HIV-infected adults. An ancillary study will perform a randomised comparison of three DILI management strategies with the aim of demonstrating which strategy results in the least interruption in rifampicin and isoniazid treatment. An identical ancillary study will also be performed in the linked randomised controlled trial of dexamethasone in HIV-uninfected adults with TBM stratified by LTA4H genotype (LAST ACT). Discussion: Whether corticosteroids confer a survival benefit in HIV-infected patients remains uncertain, and the current evidence base for using corticosteroids in this context is limited. Interruptions in anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy is a risk factor for death from TBM. Alternative management strategies in DILI may allow the safe continuation of rifampicin and isoniazid therapy.
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Donovan, Joseph, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Nguyen Thi Hoang Mai, et al. "Adjunctive dexamethasone for the treatment of HIV-infected adults with tuberculous meningitis (ACT HIV): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial." Wellcome Open Research 3 (June 20, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14006.2.
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Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis. Co-infection with HIV increases the risk of developing TBM, complicates treatment, and substantially worsens outcome. Whether corticosteroids confer a survival benefit in HIV-infected patients with TBM remains uncertain. Hepatitis is the most common drug-induced serious adverse event associated with anti-tuberculosis treatment, occurring in 20% of HIV-infected patients. The suggested concentration thresholds for stopping anti-tuberculosis drugs are not evidence-based. This study aims to determine whether dexamethasone is a safe and effective addition to the first 6-8 weeks of anti-tuberculosis treatment of TBM in patients with HIV, and investigate alternative management strategies in a subset of patients who develop drug induced liver injury (DILI) that will enable the safe continuation of rifampicin and isoniazid therapy. Methods: We will perform a parallel group, randomised (1:1), double blind, placebo-controlled multi-centre Phase III trial, comparing the effect of dexamethasone versus placebo on overall survival in HIV-infected patients with TBM, in addition to standard anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment. The trial will be set in two hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and two hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. The trial will enrol 520 HIV-infected adults. An ancillary study will perform a randomised comparison of three DILI management strategies with the aim of demonstrating which strategy results in the least interruption in rifampicin and isoniazid treatment. An identical ancillary study will also be performed in the linked randomised controlled trial of dexamethasone in HIV-uninfected adults with TBM stratified by LTA4H genotype (LAST ACT). Discussion: Whether corticosteroids confer a survival benefit in HIV-infected patients remains uncertain, and the current evidence base for using corticosteroids in this context is limited. Interruptions in anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy is a risk factor for death from TBM. Alternative management strategies in DILI may allow the safe continuation of rifampicin and isoniazid therapy.
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Sudika Mangku, Dewa Gede, and Journal Manager APHA. "Peran Tokoh Adat dalam Membantu Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbatasan Darat antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste di Wilayah Enclave Oecussi." Journal of Indonesian Adat Law (JIAL) 2, no. 1 (2020): 83–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46816/jial.v2i1.26.
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Indonesia memiliki perbatasan darat dan laut dengan sepuluh negara tetangga. Dasar hukum perbatasan darat antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste ialah Convention for the Demarcation of Portuguese and Dutch Dominions on the Island of Timor 1904 (Traktat 1904) dan Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) 1914. Hal ini merupakan warisan masa Pemerintahan Belanda dan Portugis, di mana pada saat itu Belanda dan Portugis telah membagi Pulau Timor menjadi dua, yaitu Timor Barat yang berpusat di Kupang dan Timor Timur yang berpusat di Dili, termasuk wilayah enclave Oecussi yang berada dalam wilayah kedaulatan Indonesia. Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran tokoh adat dalam membantu penyelesaian sengketa perbatasan darat antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste di wilayah enclave Oecussi. Setelah dilakukan kajian-kajian yang mendalam diperoleh temuan bahwa dalam Traktat 1904 dan PCA 1914 dinyatakan Belanda menguasai daerah Maucator dan Portugis menguasai wilayah enclave Oecussi, maka dari itu secara otomatis peninggalan pada masa kolonial melekat pada Timor Leste termasuk wilayah enclave Oecussi. Indonesia dan Timor Leste masih menyisakan permasalahan perbatasan di daerah Noel Besi, Bidjael Sunan, serta Subina. Kedua negara terus melakukan upaya negosiasi dan perundingan untuk segera menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut dengan membentuk Joint Border Committee (JBC) dengan tujuan untuk mempercepat proses penyelesaian sengketa batas yang dihadapi. Berdasarkan Provisional Agreement tahun 2005 Pasal 6 point (b) yang mengisyaratkan bahwa masyarakat lokal dalam hal ini masyarakat adat/tokoh adat diperbatasan diberikan ruang untuk terlibat dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa yang terjadi di perbatasan kedua negara dengan mengedepankan cara-cara damai dan tanpa kekerasan sesuai dengan Pasal 8 Provisional Agreement tahun 2005, bahwa masyarakat yang mendiami Timor Bagian Barat (Indonesia) dengan masyarakat yang mendiami Timor Bagian Timur (Timor Leste) memiliki latar sosio-kultural yang sama, maka dapat dipastikan bahwa tatanan hukum adat yang berlaku di kedua kelompok masyarakat ini pun sama. Tatanan substansi hukum adat tersebut dapat mengatur tentang masalah pertanahan, serta batas wilayah adat, potensi para Tokoh Adat sebenarnya dapat berperan bernegosiasi untuk menyelesaikan persoalan tersebut.
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Simbolon, Frido Paulus. "Kesejahteraan Prajurit dan Keluarga Prajurit dalam Operasi Seroja 1975-1978." Local History & Heritage 1, no. 1 (2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.57251/lhh.v1i1.23.
Full textAbstract:
The Seroja military operation involved all ABRI components consisting of the army, navy, air forces and the police. This operation was marked by an attack on the city of Dili by air and sea by the Airborne and Marine troops on December 7, 1975. Soldiers who served in the seroja operation area from 1975 to integration of East Timor with Indonesia were given the title of veteran defense of Seroja, while soldiers who served after East Timor integration, is not classified as a veteran of Seroja's defense. For the Warakawuri Seroja and Penca Seroja, the government builds housing for their residence. In addition to obtaining the right to a place to live, the government also fulfills the welfare of employees and people with other benefits beyond the salary of retirees, as well as rewards, although in fulfilling the welfare and rights of warakawuri and people with disabilities, this does not always work well. The conclusion in this study is that the welfare of soldiers and their families of soldiers who served in the Seroja Operation area received attention from the government and also ABRI as the institution where they served. Operation after operation was carried out until on July 17, 1976 East Timor was officially integrated in Indonesia and became the 27th province of the Republic of Indonesia. In carrying out Seroja's military operations, the government through the ABRI institution certainly pays attention to the welfare of both soldiers and their families. Apart from that, ABRI also paid attention to the welfare of the families of soldiers who died in the field of seroja operations as well as soldiers who were injured while carrying out their duties in the seroja operation area.
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Dody Kurnianto, Geovanni. "Be A Good Listener- Learning from Saint Francis de Sales." Journal of Asian Orientation in Theology 04, no. 02 (2022): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/jaot.v4i2.5001.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study is to show that the spirituality of Francis de Sales in his work, “Introduction to the Devout Life” is still relevant today, especially for the formation of priests and religious candidates in Indonesia. His work was written when as the Bishop of Geneva, he was concerned for the spiritual life of the laity in his diocese because of the Protestantism movement that swept most of Europe at that time. Francis wants to tell his people that, not only in the Protestant Church, but in the Catholic Church also that holiness belongs to everyone, not only for the clergy, monks, and nuns. His book provides a practical guide for anyone who wants to develop a spiritual life. De Sales offers a new perspective that the first step to develop a spiritual life does not begin with the celebration of the sacraments and liturgies but from the human longing for God that arises from everyone's heart. This longing of God must be cultivated and nurtured, first of all, in spiritual friendship with those who are more experienced in spiritual life. In the formation, this is known in several forms such as spiritual guidance, personal assistance, or cura personalis.
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Balan, John M., Baltasar Taruma Djata, and Aurelius Fredimento. "Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Persiapan Perkawinan bagi Calon Pasangan Suami Istri di Paroki St. Yosef Onekore Ende." Prima Abdika : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (2022): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/abdika.v2i1.1649.
Full textAbstract:
Marriage preparation education and training for prospective married couples also have been known in Indonesia as marriage preparation training courses (KPP). Like the other parishes in every diocese all over the world, St. Joseph Parish of Onekore Ende which belong to the vicariate pastoral ministry area of Ende, and the Archdiocese of Ende cares and pays more attention to the needs of parish community members who are planning to build a family up for living together as husband and wife. So, responding to the needs of these prospective couples and based on the pastoral activity planning that has been designed in an annual plenary pastoral assembly, the Parish Pastoral Council, through the Family Pastoral Section of the Parish, carries out an educational and training program for the premarital marriage preparation activities under the coordination of the Parish Pastor and his fellow co-pastor. The facilitators use the acronym term PMPET in this article. PMPET is shortened from Premarital Marriage Preparation Education and Training. The purpose is to know whether PMPET as an approach and model be able to enhance the knowledge and skill of the participants about the nature of marriage which is discussed from various perspectives or points of view.
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Prayuni, Kinasih, Intan Razari, Silviatun Nihayah, and Rika Yuliwulandari. "The Use of High Resolution Melting (HRM) Method to Detect rs1800629 of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) Gene among Tuberculosis Patients." Medical Laboratory Technology Journal 7, no. 1 (2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31964/mltj.v7i1.362.
Full textAbstract:
The rs1800629 polymorphism plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of infectious and autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, tuberculosis (TB) remains a health primary infectious disease in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the HRM method in detecting the rs1800629 genotype, in the TNF-α gene’s promoter region, within TB patients. The benefit of this study is to accelerate the detection of rs1800629 with a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method for genotyping and mutation screening that does not include the use of a fluorescent probe. In this experimental study, the rs1800629 genotyped in a total of 25 tuberculosis patients using KAPA HRM kit in MyGo Mini PCR, and all amplified PCR products subsequently dispatched for direct DNA sequencing to Macrogen Inc, South Korea. Based on the results, a 100% concordance find in the genotyping of rs1800629 between HRM and sequencing. The authors provided evidence to use HRM in detecting rs1800629 within the TNF-α promotor region. This application as a genotyping assay in tuberculosis patients is a low-cost, rapid, and accurate detection. However, further studies using the HRM method in case-control samples of tuberculosis are required to evaluate the method’s effectiveness and to obtain more information regarding the genotype’s susceptibility to tuberculosis and its adverse effect treatment, including anti-tuberculosis drug, induced liver injury (AT-DILI), and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), within the Indonesian population.
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Manopo, Dionnysius. "Menggagas Spirit Perjumpaan antara Keuskupan Bogor dan Umat Beragama Lain." MELINTAS 32, no. 3 (2017): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/mel.v32i3.2697.329-349.
Full textAbstract:
Christianity exists within the different religious traditions and Christians are aware of this reality as part of their existence. Especially in Asia, this situation has become a basic context to Christianity and the local churches that requires continuous reflections. In Asian reality, religious plurality is not merely a particular situation, but an important stage in the life of the Christianity, which leads to further reflections and even questioning of its existence among the other religions. The Catholic Church in Bogor (the Diocese of Bogor), Indonesia, is one of the example how the church in Asia is trying to survive and to find its roots within the local context. Thir article is inspired by the Diocese’s vision, the documents of Vatican II, and other documents of the Catholic Church, in exploring how the “spirit of encounter” can become a model for the local church to continue to exist within the religious plurality. This spirit invites the local believers to have a committment in giving their attention to the their context and to their social dimension. Through the encounters, the local church attempts to reduce the gaps of communication and to preserve good relationship with people of different religious traditions. Here the church enters the interfaith experience or the experience of togetherness, and the spirit of encounter might help spread the image of the church as a church of relation.
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Hägerdal, Hans. "The Native as Exemplum: Missionary Writings and Colonial Complexities in Eastern Indonesia, 1819–1860." Itinerario 37, no. 2 (2013): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115313000478.
Full textAbstract:
In the year 1819, three years after the British return of the East Indies to the Netherlands, a young man of twenty arrived to Kupang, a port on the coast of West Timor. Kupang was by no means a large place but it was the centre of Dutch colonial power over this part of Indonesia, and its administration monitored the various islands that the Netherlands laid claim to: Solor, Alor, Rote, Savu, and others. This task was made the more difficult since some of these places were also claimed by Portugal, which maintained a colonial governor in Dili, in the eastern part of Timor. The last serious conflict between the two colonial powers had occurred the previous year when the little harbour Atapupu was forcibly occupied by the Dutch resident. The tempests of the Age of Napoleon had been severely felt in Timor, whose inhabitants were located at the extremities of the colonial claims of the warring parties. Britons, Dutchmen, and Portuguese had fought or intrigued for the resources of an island that was neither the richest nor the most accessible in the island world of Southeast Asia—rather the opposite.The name of the young man was Reint Le Bruyn. Born in Zutphen, Le Bruyn had spent his early years as a child labourer in a textile factory. Coming from relatively destitute conditions, he had nevertheless picked up some education, and in 1818 he signed up for the Nederlandsch Zendeling-Genootschap (NZG), the Dutch Missionary Society. This society, the first among about fifteen to concentrate on the East Indies, had been established in 1797 by a missionary who later worked in South Africa. It was modelled on the London Missionary Society which was founded two years earlier. Societies of this kind emerged as part of the wave of rising interest in undertaking missionary activity in non-Western societies, which, interestingly, coincided with the questioning of traditional clerical hierarchy after the outbreak of the French Revolution. Biographical sketches of Le Bruyn's life have typically pointed to his Christian devotion to explain his career choice. However, it could also have been a way for poor men of ability to engage in work that provided a degree of professional recognition that they could not have hoped for at home. Missionaries received scant preparation for their task in Rotterdam; they had little knowledge of the societies that awaited them, and they only learned any substantial Malay, the main language of communication, on arrival in the Indies. Le Bruyn successfully overcame these obstacles and had an eventful career on Timor for the next ten years, to the extent that posterity hailed him as the true pioneer of the Protestant mission in these waters.
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Herliana, Emmelia Tricia. "UNSUR – UNSUR BANGUNAN PEMBENTUK KARAKTER ARSITEKTURAL PADA KOMPLEKS GEREJA KATEDRAL BOGOR." Jurnal Arsitektur KOMPOSISI 10, no. 6 (2017): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jars.v10i6.1099.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Cathedral Church in Bogor is built in 1896 by M. Y. D. Classens, a Dutch Catholic missionary. According to Heritage Building Policy set by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture Republic of Indonesia No. PM.26/PW.007/MKP/2007 dated on March 26th, 2007, this building was formally determined as a heritage building (Bureau of Information, Tourism, and Culture of Bogor City, 2008). In accordance to the increasing number of members of Catholic beliefers in Bogor, there is a need to build new buildings with various purposes to accomodate the variety of activities. They are the buildings of Parish of Cathedral Church in Bogor and the Center of Council of Bogor Diocese. Brolin (1980) said that new building should be fit with the old and strengthen the uniqueness of former architectural character. The purpose of this paper is describing building elements which determine architectural characteristics as a visual linkages elements of building masses surround Cathedral Church in Bogor. Method used are direct observation. Firstly, observing building elements which have significant architectural character of the old buildings. Secondly, comparing building elements between the old buildings and new buildings. The result shows that the elements of new buildings strengthen the character of the old ones, therefore the architectural character of this religious environment has been maintained.Keywords: building elements, visual linkages elements, the architectural characterAbstrak: Gereja Katedral Bogor dibangun pada tahun 1896 oleh M. Y. D. Classens, seorang misionaris Katolik Belanda. Bangunan ini telah ditetapkan sebagai bangunan cagar budaya dalam Surat Penetapan Bangunan Cagar Budaya dari Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Republik Indonesia Nomor: PM.26/PW.007/MKP/2007 tanggal 26 Maret 2007 (Dinas Informasi, Kepariwisataan, dan Kebudayaan Kota Bogor, 2008). Dalam perkembangannya, sesuai dengan peningkatan jumlah umat Katolik di Bogor dan kebutuhan untuk mewadahi kegiatan yang lebih beragam di dalam kompleks Gereja Katedral Bogor, maka dibangun bangunan-bangunan pelengkap, yaitu Gedung Paroki Katedral Bogor dan Gedung Pusat Pastoral Keuskupan Bogor. Brolin (1980:17) menyebutkan bahwa bangunan baru yang dibangun dalam konteks lingkungan bangunan lama hendaknya selaras dengan lingkungannya dan tidak mengorbankan keunikan karakter bangunan lama. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menguraikan unsur-unsur bangunan pembentuk karakter arsitektural yang menjadi unsur pengikat visual dari kelompok massa bangunan yang terdapat di dalam kompleks Gereja Katedral Bogor. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pengamatan langsung unsur-unsur bangunan yang terdapat pada bangunan lama yang memiliki karakter arsitektural dominan, yaitu unsur-unsur pada bangunan Gereja Katedral Bogor dan bangunan Seminari Menengah Stella Maris, serta membandingkannya dengan unsur-unsur pada bangunan yang relatif baru, yaitu Gedung Paroki Katedral Bogor dan Gedung Pusat Pastoral Keuskupan Bogor. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bahwa unsur-unsur yang terdapat pada bangunan yang relatif baru memperkuat unsur-unsur yang terdapat pada bangunan lama, sehingga karakter arsitektural pada kompleks Gereja Katedral Bogor tetap terjaga.Kata kunci: unsur-unsur bangunan, unsur pengikat visual, karakter arsitektural
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Subasno, Yohanes, Imelda Ambu Kaka, and Martinus Irwan Yulius. "Pengetahuan dan Sikap Umat Katolik terhadap Pemenuhan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas di Lingkungan St. Filemon Paroki Blimbing Keuskupan Malang." SAPA - Jurnal Kateketik dan Pastoral 5, no. 2 (2020): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.53544/sapa.v5i2.134.
Full textAbstract:
English:
 Persons with disabilities are those with long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory disabilities that may hinder their full participation in the society. The limitations experienced by persosns with disabilities often become more severe due to the knowledge, views, and attitudes of the community including catholics, which is not appropriate. This study aims to find out the views and attitudes of people in St. Filemon community, Blimbing Parish (Malang Diocese) towards the fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities. This research is a survey, involving 37 respondents who representing 40 heads of families. The research data was collected using questionnaires. The results of the study were presented through visual graphics of histogram. While data analysis is done using percentages. The results showed that people's knowledge of the terms and meaning of disability correctly reached 94%, people's views on people with disabilities in church life 68%, people's attitude towards the fulfillment of rights in education 49%, people's attitude towards the fulfillment of rights in the field of health 57%, and people's attitude towards the fulfillment of rights in the field of livelihood 60%, while for the attitude of people towards the fulfillment of rights in the social field 57%.
 Indonesia:
 Penyandang disabilitas adalah mereka yang memiliki keterbatasan fisik, mental, intelektual, atau sensorik dalam jangka waktu lama yang dapat menghalangi partisipasi mereka secara penuh dalam masyarakat. Keterbatasan yang dialami oleh penyandang disabilitas sering menjadi lebih berat oleh karena pengetahuan, pandangan, dan sikap masyarakat termasuk umat katolik, yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan dan sikap umat di Lingkungan St. Filemon Paroki Belimbing terhadap pemenuhan hak penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey yang melibatkan 37 responden yang mewakili 40 kepala keluarga. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan angket. Hasil penelitian dipaparkan melalui gambar visual berupa grafik histogram. Sedangkan analisa data dilakukan menggunakan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan umat terhadap istilah dan arti disabilitas secara benar mencapai 94%, pandangan umat terhadap penyandang disabilitas dalam hidup menggereja 68%, sikap umat terhadap pemenuhan hak dalam bidang pendidikan 49%, sikap umat terhadap pemenuhan hak dalam bidang kesehatan 57%, dan sikap umat terhadap pemenuhan hak dalam bidang penghidupan 60%, sedangkan untuk sikap umat terhadap pemenuhan hak dalam bidang sosial 57%.
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Yuliwulandari, Rika, Kinasih Prayuni, Intan Razari, et al. "Genetic characterization of N-acetyltransferase 2 variants in acquired multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Indonesia." Pharmacogenomics, January 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2020-0163.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Owing to the high resistance rate of tuberculosis (TB) to isoniazid, which is metabolized by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), we investigated the associations between NAT2 variants and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB. Materials & methods: The acetylator status based on NAT2 haplotypes of 128 patients with MDR-TB in Indonesia were compared with our published data from patients with anti-TB drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI), TB and the general population. Results: NAT2*4 was more frequent in the MDR-TB group than in the AT-DILI group, TB controls and general controls. NAT2*4/*4 was significantly more frequent in patients with MDR-TB than in those with AT-DILI. NAT2*5B/7B, *6A/6A and *7B/*7B were detected at lower frequencies in patients with AT-DILI. Rapid acetylators were significantly more frequent in patients with MDR-TB than in those with AT-DILI. Conclusion: These results provide an initial data for optimizing TB treatment in the Indonesian population, and suggest that NAT2 genotyping may help to select appropriate treatment by predicting TB-treatment effect.
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Iswandir, Lorentius, and FX Eko Armada Riyanto. "Mission and Engagement of The Vincentians to Priestly Formation in Indonesia: A Historical-Theological Revisit." International Journal of Indonesian Philosophy & Theology 1, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.47043/ijipth.v1i2.9.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores historical engagement in priestly formation in Indonesia by the Vincentians, the Catholic Religious Congregation, who has been sent to a mission in Indonesia (from the Netherlands) and erected the Diocese of Surabaya since 1923. The paper outlines the Vincentian missionaries’ theological understanding of mission and the importance of establishing minor and major seminary to train the indigenous candidates for the priesthood to take care of their local churches. This study's methodology applies a historical approach to see the strategies of the Vincentians to develop the formation of priestly candidates related to the challenges of the times. From this study, we found that the history of the Catholic mission has a meaningful peak in planting the Church as often produced in the mission and the formation of its local priests. The education of candidates for the priesthood is not just a form of apostolic work but is essentially a necessary part of the Catholic Church's mission. The Vincentians have carved a hard work of mission apostolates in the establishment of the Diocese of Surabaya with its charismatic works and the education of its laymen until today and especially in the continual engagement in the priestly formation in Indonesia with its changing challenges. The excellent form of the Catholic priests is essential to the mission, as the candidates will be the future leaders of the local Church and the preachers of the Gospel wherever they are sent.
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Salesman, Frans. "Catholic Church Services in Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) in the Diocese Ruteng - Indonesia." Journal of Quality in Health Care & Economics 4, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jqhe-16000208.
Full textAbstract:
The Covid-19 pandemic affected the coastal communities in Manggarai. The bargaining power of fish catches and crop yields in the field has decreased. This situation makes it difficult for them to survive. Concerned about this situation, the Catholic Church of Diossece Ruteng formed a task force as a social worker to provide basic food assistance, medicines, personal protective equipment, and advocate healthy behavior for Catholics in the diocese of Ruteng. Purpose: Exploring the types of basic needs of coastal communities, continued to provide food aid to reduce the suffering of coastal communities affected by Covid-19. Method and Materials: Using a modification of the IPOAFI model (Identifying, Planning, Organizing, Acting, Finding, Impact). Providing social assistance and advocating for health behavioral education. Results: Reducing the suffering of coastal communities of food shortages, increasing knowledge about Covid-19, cultured hand washing, wearing masks, maintaining body immunity by consuming nutritious food, routine health checks. Conclusion. The presence of the Catholic Church in Diossece Ruteng helped the suffering of the people affected by Covid-19.
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F, Salesman. "The Role of Catholic Church in Improving the Quality of Human Resources in Diocese Ruteng-Indonesia." Journal of Quality in Health Care & Economics 2, no. 6 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jqhe-16000143.
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