Dissertations / Theses: 'Diome'

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Hounkanlinkpe, Louckas. "Le Paradoxe de l´immigration dans Le Ventre de l´Atlantique de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-24622.

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Le but du présent travail est de faire une étude sur Le Ventre de l´Atlantique, de Fatou Diome en analysant la contradiction des idées sur l´immigration de l’auteure. Les résultats de notre étude nous ont permis d’affirmer les préoccupations de l’auteure, celles de déconstruire ce nouveau mythe de l´immigration en démystifiant l’Occident afin que l’immigration ne soit plus perçue comme la solution à tous les problèmes de la misère.
The aim of this memoir is to bring up the contradictions of immigrations ideas in The Belly of the Atlantic of Fatou Diome. Our purpose is to analyze those discrepancies by trying to show up them. The results of our study allowed us to testify the authors concerns which desire is to rebuild that old myth of immigration. Fatou Diome, by demystifying Europe, immigration will be no longer perceived as the bulwark of the poverty troubles.

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Ibrahim, Loren. "LA CONDITION DE LA FEMME DANS LE VENTRE DE L’ATLANTIQUE DE FATOU DIOME." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29605.

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Le but de ce mémoire est d’analyser la condition et la conception des femmes dans le roman Le Ventre de l’Atlantique de Fatou Diome. Cette analyse est effectuée à la lumière des travaux de plusieurs écrivaines africaines. Fatou Diome évoque et dénonce la position de la femme sur l’île de Niodior au travers de nombreuses thématiques telles que : la soumission, le mariage forcé, la stérilité, la polygamie, la société́ patriarcale, la femme traditionnelle, la femme moderne, la liberté́, la femme en tant qu’objet et victime des coutumes et traditions.
The purpose of this essay is to analyze the condition and conception of women in Fatou Diome's novel Le Ventre de l’Atlantique. This analysis is done in light of the work of several African women writers. Fatou Diome evokes and denounces the position of the women on the island of Niodior through many topics such as submission, forced marriage, infertility, polygamy, patriarchal society, traditional versus modern woman, freedom, women as objects as victims of customs and traditions.

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Bobaker, Habsen. "LA POETIQUE DU MIRAGE DANS LE VENTRE DE L´ATLANTIQUE DE FATOU DIOME." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-27130.

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Le but de ce mémoire est d´étudier le roman de Fatou Diome, Le ventre de l´Atlantique. Diome lance un message aux jeunes Africains : elle les enjoint à s´assumer et à vivre dans la dignité, ce qui joue un rôle important dans l´oeuvre. Le thème que nous traitons est la poétique du mirage. Diome construit un mirage autour de l´immigration et nous montrons quels procédés elle utilise pour faire passer son message. Notre travail est composé de deux grandes parties : la construction du mirage et la destruction du mythe et d’une partie intermédiaire consacrée à l’entre-deux mondes : l’océan Atlantique que l’auteure personnifie en lui attribuant un ventre.
The purpose of this memoir is to study the work of Fatou Diome, The Belly of the Atlantic. Diome sends a message to young Africans: to take responsibility and dignity play an important role in the work. The theme we will deal with is the aesthetics of mirage. She is building a mirage around immigration and we will show what she is doing to get her message across. Our work is composed of two main parts: The construction of the mirage and the destruction of the myth and an intermediate part devoted to the in-between worlds: the Atlantic Ocean that the author personifies by attributing it a belly.

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Leclerc-Audet, Stéphanie. "L’état et les possibilités de promotion de la figure féminine dans le roman CELLES QUI ATTENDENT de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30075/30075.pdf.

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Nous proposons, dans ce mémoire, d’analyser l’état et les possibilités de promotion du personnage féminin dans le roman Celles qui attendent de Fatou Diome (2010) à travers les individualités de quatre protagonistes, Arame, Bougna, Coumba et Daba. Les contraintes et restrictions inhérentes à l’environnement social textuel ainsi que l’île sénégalaise de Niodior influent directement sur l’état de la figure féminine dans le roman. Dans cette optique, les pratiques sociales de la polygamie et de l’union matrimoniale orchestrée par les aînés sont deux vecteurs désignés comme tributaires de l’insatisfaction des héroïnes. En réaction directe aux pressions de leur société, laquelle prône pour la femme un travail acharné pour sa survie et un mutisme quant au mécontentement ressenti face à sa condition, la femme désire accéder à une élévation. Tandis qu’Arame, Bougna, Coumba et Daba sont secouées par les revers de l’existence, nous constatons que leurs possibilités de promotion s’organisent à l’encontre des règles établies par la tradition. La meilleure stratégie d’élévation, pour les héroïnes du roman Celles qui attendent, s’avère la conquête d’une plus grande liberté d’action et d’opinion pour le sujet féminin, au risque de bouleverser l’ordre socialement établi.

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Chincócolo, Noemia Bernardete. "La migration : Un voyage clandestin vers l'Espagne dans Celles qui attendent de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78925.

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Fatou Diome describes in Celles qui attendent (2013), the reasons of clandestine journey of Lamine and Issa. The story of the novel happened in Afrika, in Niodior in Senegal and in part of Europe, in Spain. Diome also focuses on four women of Niodior Island: Arame, Bougna, Daba and Coumba. The objectives of the dissertation are to study and to translate Diome's novel by analyzing the ideas she presents on the clandestine journey and the impact of migration of Africans to Europe. The research question is: How does Diome present in the novel of Celles qui attendent, the stakes of migration? To answer the question we analyze the following themes: The traditions and the conditions of women, the clandestine journey, the clandestine life, those awaiting, the effects of migration and the youth. The methodology of the work is to analyse the novel Celles qui attendent (2013), using the theories of Simone de Beauvoir. Documents on studies on migration and undocumented are developed in the thesis (Migrationsverket 2018). The analysis shows that the economic situation of the women greatly impacted on te journey of the two young men in the novel.
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Koumba, Alihonou Gwladys. "Énonciation romanesque et signifiance : Les romans de Daniel Biyaoula, Fatou Diome et Léonora Miano." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0079/document.

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Ce travail se propose de saisir les mécanismes langagiers qui permettent de rendre compte du sens dans les romans de Daniel Biayaoula, Fatou Diome et Léonora Miano. L’analyse du discours est l’approche autour de laquelle s’articule notre recherche. L’oeuvre romanesque repose sur une hétérogénéité d’indices que l’énonciation permet de relever pour mieux examiner son organisation. Dès lors, notre étude se divise en deux parties. Le premier point a pour thème, « La scène d’énonciation : motif révélateur du fonctionnement de la société ». Il analyse les éléments du discours en rapport avec le contexte social, culturel, littéraire et politique de l’Afrique et de la France. Il ressort de là que les personnages sont assujettis par les pratiques coutumières, religieuses et culturelles actualisées dans l’espace romanesque. La deuxième partie s’intitule « Le mode d’inscription énonciatif des personnages dans le tissu textuel » et elle s’intéresse particulièrement aux dispositifs de communication qui déterminent les caractéristiques des personnages. A partir d’éléments langagiers, la présente section se propose de voir à partir de l’organisation des structures textuelles, comment l’énonciation définit les personnages
This work aims at dispalying the language mechanisms used by Daniel Biyaoula, Fatou Diome and Léonora Miano in their novels in order to convey the meaning. It higens on the discourse analysis. The work of fiction lies a diversity of clues that the enunciation underlines and helps better examine the organization.Therefore, our study is divided into parts. The first theme is, « The scene of enunciation: pattern indicative of the functioning of society ». It analyzes the elements of speech in connection with the social, cultural, literary and political context of Africa and France. It appears from this that the characters are subjected by customary, religious and cultural practrice updated in the space in the novel. The second part is entitled « The enunciative registration method of the characters in the textual frabric » and it is particularly interested in communication devices that determine the characteristics of thecharacters. From language elements, this section proposes to see from the organization of textual structures, how the enunciation defines the characters

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Dagenais-Pérusse, Michelle. "Figures de la parole et parcours d'individuation dans Le ventre de l'Atlantique de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26824/26824.pdf.

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Agnevall, Paula. "La dichotomie entre le centre et la périphérie dans "Le Ventre de l'Atlantique" de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1361.

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Essono, Ella Victor Gontard Marc Parisot Yolaine. "La crise de l'identité à travers l'écriture de Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Eugène Ebodé et Fatou Diome." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://theses.scdbases.uhb.fr:8000/theseEssono.pdf.

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Essono, Ella Victor. "La crise de l’identité à travers l’écriture de Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Eugène Ebodé et Fatou Diome." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/theseEssono.pdf.

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L’actualité de l’identité reste liée à des domaines disciplinaires comme la sociologie, l’anthropologie, la psychologie sociale, l’histoire, la linguistique. Dans le champ littéraire, le réseau thématique autour de l’existence de l’homme africain construit la notion de l’identité. Les approches thématiques sont différentes, mais les dissemblances résultent de la préoccupation des auteurs, des visions aussi parallèles que divergentes ; il faudrait ajouter le style qui se renouvelle d’un écrivain à l’autre. Pour ces créateurs, le roman est semblable à un vaste univers symbolique, chaque artiste peut construire, à ses propres goûts, ses fictions, et édifier une écriture particulière. Ces auteurs n’abordent pas les mêmes faits, et ils ne traitent pas de la même façon l’embarras de l’identité. Nous avons voulu comprendre, dans le cadre d’une thèse, la « fortune » littéraire des écrits sur l’identité africaine. Ce désir de clarifier la problématique de l’identité de l’écriture africaine, nous amène à plus de précision, à l’analyse de l’identité selon les démarches et l’imagination de trois auteurs africains : Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Eugène Ebodé et Fatou Diome. Notre particularité est non seulement d’intégrer l’écriture dans la thématique de l’identité, mais aussi d’étudier son évolution à partir de la prise de parole de la femme, surtout lorsque celle-ci est une intellectuelle. L’orientation de notre sujet s’articule selon les rapports entre l’identité africaine et l’écriture romanesque moderne. Au fond, cette étude pourrait nous amener à retracer l’histoire de la littérature africaine, car elle a engendré des liens de l’identité avec la langue, la référence spatiale et temporelle des textes étant l’insularité
The news of identity remains tied to disciplinary fields like sociology, anthropology, social psychology, history, linguistics. In the literary field, the thematic network around human existence Africa built the notion of identity. The thematic approaches are different, but the differences result from the concern of authors, also parallel visions that differ; should be added style which is renewed for a writer to another. For these creators, the novel is like a huge symbolic universe, each artist can build at its own tastes, his fiction, and build a handwriting. These authors do not have the same facts, and they do not address the same way the embarrassment of identity. We wanted to understand, through a thesis, "fortune" literary writings on African identity. This desire to clarify the issue of the identity of African writing, leads us to more precisely, analysis of identity according to the procedures and imagination of three African writers: Valentin Yves Mudimbe, and Eugene Ebodé Fatou Diome. Our feature is not only to integrate writing in the theme of identity, but also to study its evolution from the speech of women, especially when it is an intellectual. The focus of our topic is based on the relationship between African identity and writing modern fiction. Basically, this study could lead us to trace the history of African literature, because it has created bonds of identity with language, spatial and temporal texts being insular

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Riomar, Sandra. "« Moi d’ici, moi de là-bas » : La géographie imaginaire du roman Le Ventre de l’Atlantique de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-18402.

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L’objectif de la présente étude est d’explorer la « géographie imaginaire » du roman Le Ventre de l’Atlantique, écrit par Fatou Diome. Le concept de la « géographie imaginaire » décrit les rapports de domination spatiale et la construction d’un « Autre », entièrement différent de « nous » (Saïd, 1980). Les deux pays du roman, la France et le Sénégal, sont analysés comme deux sphères inconciliables, associées aux oppositions comme nous – l’Autre, individualisme – collectivisme, rationalité - superstition. Deux images spatiales sont discutées dans ce mémoire: l’île Niodior au Sénégal et l‘océan Atlantique. L’isolation de l’île Niodior renforce la séparation en deux espaces opposés, alors que l’Atlantique constitue un élément parfois chargé de forces magiques, lié à la vie et à la mort. Evoquant l’idée d’hybridité, le roman montre également des espaces et des identités alternatifs, qui transgressent la structure coloniale.
The object of this study is to explore the « imaginative geography » in the novel Le ventre de l’Atlantique, written by Fatou Diome. The concept of « imaginative geography » describes relations of spatial domination and the construction of the « Other », entirely different from « us » (Saïd, 1978). The two countries in the novel, France and Senegal, are analysed as two irreconcilable spheres, associated with oppositions such as we – the Other, individualism – collectivism, rationality – superstition. Two spatial images are discussed in this study: the island of Niodior in Senegal and the Atlantic Ocean. The isolation of Niodior reinforces the separation into two opposed spheres, while the Atlantic Ocean constitutes an element charged with magical forces, connected to life and death. Referring to the idea of hybridity, the novel also presents alternative spaces and identities, transgressing the colonial structure.

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Diagne, Khady Fall. "Le marronnage de l'exil : essai d'une esthétique négro-africaine contemporaine : des précurseurs francophones à Alain Mabanckou et Fatou Diome." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0017.

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Notre sujet de réflexion consistait à penser à ce qui fait lien entre la littérature francophone d’Afrique noire et antillaise, en plus de l’histoire. Nous nous sommes penché sur les stratégies d’écriture déployées par les écrivains, pour se démarquer, pour signifier leur existence, Partant de la pratique du marronnage comme phénomène historique lié à l’esclavage, nous avons amorcé une réflexion sur sa transposition littéraire, à partir de la mythification de la figure du Marron, par des auteurs comme Dayot, Houat, et plus récemment Glissant et Chamoiseau, qui ont pu développer une esthétique de la survivance, valoriser l’ identité du Marron, héraut du peuple antillais dans la résistance à l’esclavage. L’essentiel de notre travail a porté sur l’élargissement de ce thème du marronnage aux périodes coloniale et postcoloniale, en posant comme postulat l’hypothèse de l’existence d’une forme de marronnage intellectuel comme fondement d’une esthétique négro-africaine, instauré par les précurseurs de la Négritude, Senghor et Césaire, dont le travail le plus original, mais souvent négligé, a été la conquête d’une langue de la négritude. Les écrivains contemporains francophones d’Afrique noire, à l’instar d’Alain Mabanckou et de Fatou Diome, dans un contexte inscrit dans une dynamique mondialiste et un espace littéraire conditionnés par les diktats d’une critique eurocentriste, ont pratiqué une forme de marronnage ( trans) esthétique, mais aussi par une surconscience linguistique redoublée, en développant des stratégies destinées à inscrire subversivement au cœur de la langue l’empreinte d’une déviance revendiquée, comme seul moyen de signifier son identité
Our subject of reflection consisted in thinking of what makes link between the French-speaking literature of subsaharian Africa and the Antilles, in addition to the history. We dealt with the writing strategies deployed by the authors, to stand out, to reveal their existence. On the basis of the French word “marronnage”, taking its name from Spanish “Cimarron” used to qualify this historical phenomenon related to slavery, we started to think about its literary transposition. The literary mythologizing of the Maroon by authors such as Eugène Dayot, Louis-Timagène Houat, and more recently Glissant, has enabled to develop aesthetics of the survival, to value the identity of the Marron, herald of the Antillean people, in the resistance to slavery. The main part of our work was about the extension of this theme of the marronnage to the colonial and postcolonial periods, by setting as postulate the hypothesis of the existence of a form of intellectual marronnage as foundation of negro-African aesthetics, established by the forerunners of the Negritude, Senghor and Césaire, whose most original but often unknown work was the conquest of a language of the negritude. The French-speaking contemporary writers of subsaharian Africa, for instance Alain Mabanckou and Fatou Diome, in a context of an internationalist dynamics and a literary space conditioned by the diktats of an eurocentrist criticism, applied a form of ( trans ) esthetic marronnage, but also with a doubled “linguistic surconscience”, by developing strategies intended for subversively setting at the heart of the language the print of a claimed abnormality, as only means to make their identity known

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Hayatou, Guedeyi Yaeneta. "La poétique de la relation et ses enjeux dans la littérature francophone d’Afrique subsaharienne : cas d’Henri Lopes, Sami Tchak, Abdourahman Waberi et Fatou Diome." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34958.

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Ma thèse est partie d’un constat selon lequel, le monde est plus que jamais en constant mouvement, et l’Afrique faisant partie du monde, bouge également. Mais comment ce mouvement se traduit-il dans l’art littéraire et l’imaginaire africains ? Telle fut l’interrogation qui m’a conduit sur la piste de ce projet. Ayant approché mon directeur avec ladite interrogation, il m’a tout de suite orienté vers les essais d’Édouard Glissant ; une tâche qui au départ m’est apparue très laborieuse, pour la simple raison que les pensées et réflexions de Glissant présentent une certaine résistance à l’appréhension liée, entre autres, au fait qu’elles sont elles-mêmes en mouvement et sont portées par une logique de la non-maîtrise, celle-ci étant directement liée à l’opacité revendiquée par l’auteur. Mais à force de lire et relire inlassablement Glissant, j’ai fini par comprendre la vision du monde qu’il essaye de promouvoir, laquelle a comme pivot la poétique de Relation. La poétique de la Relation est le résultat d’une réflexion sur la littérature et sur les expressions culturelles, qui renouvelle les imaginaires et les visons du monde ; elle est le noyau dur d’un projet que Glissant a initié et qui s’est manifesté clairement dans son livre Le discours antillais (1981) et qu’il a consolidé plus tard dans Poétique de la Relation en 1990, dans Introduction à une poétique du divers en 1996, Traité du Tout-Monde en 1997, pour finir par en faire une Philosophie de la Relation. Refusant l’identique et l’universel qui ont produit les désastres que l’on sait (l’esclavage, la colonisation, la domination impérialiste, la haine de soi telle qu’elle est décrite dans Peau noire, masques blancs de Fanon, ou encore le néocolonialisme), Édouard Glissant convie au rapprochement des peuples, des cultures et des continents. C’est dans cette optique que surviennent entre autres ses notions de Créolisation et de Relation. Glissant entend par Créolisation, « la mise en contact de plusieurs cultures ou au moins de plusieurs éléments de cultures distinctes, dans un endroit du monde, avec pour résultante une donnée nouvelle, totalement imprévisible par rapport à la somme ou à la simple synthèse de ces éléments. » (Traité du Tout-monde, 1997, p.37). C’est un nouvel imaginaire qui n’a rien à voir avec quelques synthèses plus ou moins habiles. Elle doit produire avant tout l’inédit. Glissant prône ainsi un imaginaire dans lequel ne devrait pas exister cette pratique d’uniformisation, de globalisation et de généralisation selon le modèle d’une quelconque culture dite dominante. Quant à l’imaginaire de la Relation, il le définit comme étant : «la quantité réalisée de toutes les différences du monde, sans en oublier une seule, la manière d’aller vers l’autre et d’essayer de se changer en échangeant avec l’autre sans se perdre, ni se dénaturer ». Pour qu’il y ait relation nous dit Glissant, « il faut qu’il y ait deux ou plusieurs identités ou entités maitresses d’elles-mêmes et qui acceptent de changer en s’échangeant. » C’est un imaginaire qui va à l’encontre de l’universel au sens occidental du terme, dont la spécificité est la sublimation du particulier en une espèce de valeur dominante, et toute une hiérarchisation des valeurs et des sociétés. Ainsi que cela apparaît dans son essai Philosophie de la relation, la notion de la Relation a également l’épaisseur d’un concept philosophique qui fait qu’on peut rapprocher Glissant avec des auteurs comme Emmanuel Levinas et les autres philosophes de son époque qui tous cherchaient une voie de sortie de Hegel. On sait que depuis Socrate jusqu’à Hegel, la philosophie occidentale « est une égologie » comme le souligne Emmanuel Levinas, c’est-à-dire une philosophie où l’Autre est toujours penser à partir du Même, autrement dit où l’on a tendance à réduire l’Autre au Même. À la suprématie du Même sur l’Autre, à la réduction de l’Autre au Même, Glissant oppose la Relation, qui suppose la valorisation et la reconnaissance de l’autre dans sa singularité. Seulement, le fait que les notions porteuses de la vision nouvelle du monde que prône Glissant découlent des expériences et conditions antillaises, et qu’elles aient vu le jour aux Antilles, a parfois semé le doute en ce qui concerne leur pertinence et leur applicabilité hors de leur contexte d’origine. C’est ce doute ou ce soupçon que nous avons voulu mettre à l’épreuve à travers la lecture des romans d’Henri Lopes, Sami Tchak, Abdourahman Waberi et Fatou Diome. Notre hypothèse de départ, qui a été confirmée à la fin, était que la poétique de la relation promue par Glissant n’est pas une singularité antillaise ou martiniquaise. C’est plutôt un outil qui peut permettre de comprendre l’imaginaire de la littérature postcoloniale et, plus encore, celle de la mondialité, la manière dont ceux qui se définissent comme « enfants de la postcolonie», se définissent et voient le monde ou, plutôt le rêvent.

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Greenwood, Mary Antle Martine. "The globalized other patterns of globalization and exclusion in Histoire de la femme cannibale by Maryse Condé and Le Ventre de l'Atlantique by Fatou Diome /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2182.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Romance Languages French ." Discipline: Romance Languages; Department/School: Romance Languages.

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Petrov, Vanessa Pleno. "A problemática da identidade cultural em um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra, de Mia Couto e Le Ventre de l'Atlantique de Fatou Diome." Master's thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Centro de História d'Aquém e d'Além Mar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5136.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Línguas, Literaturas e Culturas, variante em Estudos Românicos: Textos e Contextos
objectivo da presente Dissertação consiste em comparar dois romances, um do autor moçambicano Mia Couto e outro da escritora senegalesa Fatou Diome, destacando a problemática da identidade cultural. Do ponto de vista temático, as identidades das personagens principais manifestam-se ambíguas, oscilando entre a tradição e a modernidade. Na obra de Mia Couto, a desestabilização dos sistemas identitários tem a ver com a construção de uma sociedade nova em Moçambique pós-colonial. Por seu lado, no romance de Fatou Diome, a questão da identidade relaciona-se com a diáspora senegalesa em França, em consequência dos fluxos migratórios e do fenómeno da globalização. No que diz respeito aos aspectos formais, o conflito identitário revela-se também no modo representativo, ou seja, na linguagem literária dos dois escritores. Trata-se de discursos que apostam numa renovação genológica e expressiva, diferenciando-se dos modelos do cânone ocidental. Metodologicamente, a análise das obras é feita com o recurso a conceitos do domínio dos Estudos Culturais e das teorias pós-coloniais.

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Abadie, Pascale. "Vers de nouveaux horizons dans la litterature feminine d'Afrique subsaharienne: de Mariama Ba a nos jours." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397735803.

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Koumba, Rolph Roderick. "L’Afrique dans le monde, le monde depuis l’Afrique : études croisées des œuvres d’Alain Mabanckou, d'Achille Mbembe, de Léonora Miano, de Célestin Monga et de Fatou Diome." Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H008.

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Comment se penser Africain au XXIe siècle, tout en étant à la fois héritier d’une histoire travestie, et désireux de dépasser les imaginaires stéréotypés générés par ladite histoire ? Cette question suggère que l’héritage colonial, précisément « la raison nègre » – laquelle est composée de deux approches distinctes, à savoir « la conscience occidentale du Nègre » et « la conscience nègre du Nègre » –, fait l’objet d’une critique. Cette critique qui se veut « objective », prône un humanisme de « l’en-commun » qui transcende l’« universalisme abstrait » occidental qui avait fait de l’Europe le centre du monde. Plusieurs discours, qui convergent vers un but commun, dévoilent une écriture qui s’investit dans la déconstruction des représentations et des imaginaires culturels forgés par l’Occident : ils interrogent le rapport Afrique-Monde et la perception identitaire en tenant compte de l’évolution historique des sociétés de ce continent. La plupart des essais et des fictions littéraires d’Achille Mbembe, d'Alain Mabanckou, de Léonora Miano, de Célestin Monga et de Fatou Diome révèlent que la race, le Nègre et le mot « Afrique » sont des fabriques, lesquelles ont été mobilisées en faveur de la traite atlantique. Ce processus de mise en fiction de l’altérité africaine semble encore d’actualité démontrant à cet effet que la condition des Africains à notre époque serait étroitement liée au passé colonial. Une analyse à la fois poétique et sociocritique des textes, mettant en avant des études croisées de ces œuvres, lesquelles confrontent les différentes perspectives, s’avérait indispensable. Dans la mesure où l’avortement des indépendances africaines occasionné par les anciennes puissances coloniales en complicité avec leurs alliés africains, les « plaies sociales » sévissant quotidiennement en Afrique et l’immigration africaine sans cesse croissante en direction des pays occidentaux indiquent que les rapports Afrique-Occident, en particulier, ne paraissent pas encore sereins ni « équitables ». D’après ces écrivains, l’identité africaine – à laquelle ils s’intéressent et qu’ils conçoivent comme une donnée flexible – s’est nourrie des multiples rencontres de l’Afrique avec principalement l’Occident, donnant ainsi naissance à une africanité inclusive : favorable à l’ouverture de l’Afrique au monde et à l’intégration du monde en Afrique
How can we consider ourselves African in the twenty-first century when we are both the heirs of a disguised history and willing to go beyond the stereotyped imaginaries inherited from it? This question suggests that the colonial inheritance, precisely the "Negro reason", which is composed of two distinct approaches, namely "the Negro's Western consciousness" and "the Negro's negro consciousness", is submitted to criticism. That criticism – allegedly "objective'' – advocates an "in-common" humanism that transcends the "Western abstract universalism" which had placed Europe at the centre of the world. Several discourses that converge on a common purpose reveal a writing that is based on the deconstruction of the Western representations and stereotyped cultural imaginaries. They investigate the Africa-World relationship and the concept of identity taking into account the historical evolution of societies from this continent. Most of the literary essays and fictions by Achille Mbembe, Alain Mabanckou, Leonora Miano, Celestin Monga and Fatou Diome show that the race, the Negro and the word "Africa" are factories that were mobilized for the Atlantic trade. This process of putting the African otherness in fiction is still current. Indeed, it demonstrates that Africans' conditions today would be closely linked to the colonial past. A poetic and socio critical analysis of these texts, by highlighting cross-studies of these works which compare different angles, appeared necessary. In so far as the interruption of African independences caused by the former colonial powers in complicity with their African allies named the "social plagues" operating daily in Africa and the ever-increasing African immigration towards Western countries, indicate that the relationships between Africa and the Westerners in particular seem neither serene nor "equitable" yet. According to these writers, the African identity – in which they are interested in and which they consider as flexible data – has been nourished by the multiple encounters of Africa with the West mainly; thus giving birth to an inclusive Africanity: suitable to the opening of Africa to the world and the integration of the world into Africa

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18

Månsson, Sarah. "ETUDE COMPARATIVE DE LA TRADUCTION EN SUEDOIS DE LOTTA RIAD, « ATLANTENS MAGE », AVEC LE TEXTE ORIGINAL : « LE VENTRE DE L’ATLANTIQUE » DE FATOU DIOME A LA LUMIÈRE DES PRINCIPES ÉNONCÉS PAR ANTOINE BERMAN." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-22593.

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L’objectif de ce mémoire est de faire une étude comparative de la traduction suédoise Le Ventre de l’Atlantique par Lotta Riad avec le texte source à la lumière des douze tendances déformantes d’Antoine Berman. Nous nous efforçons également de présenter « notre traduction » illustrant la méthode bermanienne. Force est de constater, qu’elle n’est pas toujours réalisable, néanmoins, cette démarche permet une réflexion stimulant la clairvoyance.
The goal of this essay is to compare the Swedish translation of The Atlantics belly by Lotta Riad with the original text using Antoine Berman’s twelve deforming tendencies. Also we will try to present "our translation" to illustrate the Berman’s method. It has to be said that it is not always workable, however, this approach allows a reflexion which stimulates the insight.

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19

Oxblod, Simon. "Kulturell identitet i En halv gul sol och Atlantens mage : En postkolonial läsning av två icke-västerländska romaner." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-23377.

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This study analyses two non-western novels used in the subject of Swedish in upper secondary school: Fatou Diomes The Belly of the Atlantic and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichies Half a Yellow Sun. Looking at how the books female main character relate to Stuart Halls theory of cultural identity, I come to the conclusion that they somewhat differently relate to an essential ”authentic” self. Salie talks explicit about a generic African soul that she possesses. Olanna never talks about anything ”authentic”, but her narrative and contrary subject positions can be read as a way of demasking her European ”white” self in favour of a truer Igbo self. I also come to the conclusion that both novels use themes of alienation related to gender structures and positioned westernness and that this kind of reading could contribute to interesting classroom discussions about a dynamic interpretation on culture and identity.

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20

Nguyen, Duy Minh. "Conception et caractérisation de diodes en SiC pour la détermination des coefficients d'ionisation." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679281.

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Le carbure de silicium (SiC) possède plusieurs propriétés exceptionnelles comme une large bande interdite, un champ électrique critique et une vitesse de saturation des porteurs élevée pour remplacer le silicium (Si) dans des domaines de fonctionnement jusque-là inaccessibles avec le Si. Un nombre important de démonstrateurs des composants de puissance en SiC faisant état de performances remarquables ainsi que la disponibilité commerciale des composants en SiC confirment la maturité de la filière SiC et montrent les progrès technologiques réalisés au cours des dernières années. Cependant, il existe peu d'études sur les coefficients d'ionisation du SiC, lesquels sont pourtant indispensables pour prévoir précisément la tenue en tension des composants de puissance en SiC. Ce travail contribue donc à mieux déterminer ces coefficients. Pour cela, un bon nombre de diodes spécialement conçues pour la détermination des coefficients d'ionisation du SiC par la technique OBIC (Optical Beam Induced Current) ont été réalisées sur différents wafers de SiC-4H et de SiC-6H, deux polytypes courant du SiC. Cette technique repose sur un faisceau de laser ultraviolet qui génère des paires électrons-trous dans la zone de charge d'espace d'une diode sous test. La mesure du courant résultant permet d'accéder aux coefficients d'ionisation. A partir des mesures OBIC sur les diodes réalisées, nous avons pu déduire les coefficients pour ces deux polytypes du SiC. Plus particulièrement, les coefficients d'ionisation du SiC-4H sont déterminés dans une large gamme de champ électrique grâce aux mesures sur les différents dopages. Les paramètres des coefficients déterminés dans ce travail peuvent être utilisés en conception de dispositifs haute tension pour prédire plus précisément l'efficacité de leur protection périphérique.

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21

Wang, Liquan. "Reliable design of tunnel diode and resonant tunnelling diode based microwave sources." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3423/.

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This thesis describes the reliable design of tunnel diode and resonant tunneling diode (RTD) oscillator circuits. The challenges of designing with tunnel diodes and RTDs are explained and new design approaches discussed. The challenges include eliminating DC instability, which often manifests itself as low frequency parasitic oscillations, and increasing the low output power of the oscillator circuits. To stabilise tunnelling devices, a common but sometimes ineffective approach is the use of a resistor of suitable value connected across the device. It is shown in this thesis that this resistor tunnel diode circuit can be described by the Van der Pol model. Based on this model, design equations have been derived which enable the design of current-voltage (I-V) measurement circuits that are free from both low frequency bias oscillations and high frequency parasitic oscillations. In the conventional setup, the I-V characteristic of the tunnelling device is extracted from the measurement by subtracting from the measured current the current through the stabilising resistance at each bias voltage. In this thesis, also using the Van der Pol model, a circuit for the direct measurement of I-V characteristics is proposed. This circuit utilises a series resistor-capacitor combination in parallel with the tunnelling device for stabilisation. Experimental results show that IV characterisation of tunnel diodes in the negative differential resistance (NDR) region free from oscillations can be made. A new test set-up suitable for radio frequency (RF) characterisation of tunnel diodes over the entire NDR region was also developed. Initial measurement results on a packaged tunnel diode indicate that accurate characterisation and subsequent small-signal equivalent circuit model extraction for the NDR region can be done. To address the limitations of low output power of tunnel diode or RTD oscillators, a new multiple device circuit topology, incorporating a novel design methodology for the DC bias decoupling circuit, has been developed. It is based on designing the oscillator specifically for sinusoidal oscillations, and not relaxation oscillations which are also possible in tunnel diode oscillators. The oscillator circuit can also be described by the Van der Pol model which provides theoretical predictions of the maximum inductance, in terms of the tunnel diode device parameters, that is required to resonate with the device capacitance for sinusoidal oscillations. Each of the tunnel diodes in the multiple device oscillator circuit is decoupled from the others at DC and so can be stabilised independently. The oscillator topology uses parallel resonance but with each tunnel diode individually biased and DC decoupled making it possible to employ several tunnel diodes for higher output power. This approach is expected to eliminate parasitic bias oscillations in tunnel diode oscillators whilst increasing the output power of a single oscillator. Simulation and experimental oscillator results were in good agreement, with a two-tunnel diode oscillator exhibiting approximately double the output power as compared to that of a single tunnel diode oscillator, i.e. 3 dB higher. Another method considered for the realisation of higher output power tunnel diode or RTD oscillators was series integration of the NDR devices. A new method to suppress DC instability of the NDR devices connected in series with all the devices biased in their NDR regions was investigated. It was successfully employed for DC characterisation with integrations of 2 and 5 tunnel diodes. Even though no suitable oscillator circuit topology and/or methodology with series-connected NDR devices could be established for single frequency oscillation, the achieved results indicated that this approach may be worthy of further investigation. The final aspect of this project focussed on the monolithic realisation of RTD oscillators. Monolithic oscillators in coplanar waveguide (CPW) technology were successfully fabricated and worked at a fundamental frequency of 17.5 GHz with -21.83 dBm output power. Finally, to assess the potential of RTD oscillators for high frequency signal generation, a theoretical analysis of output power of stabilised RTD oscillators was undertaken. This analysis suggests that it may be possible to realise RTD oscillators with high output power (0 dBm) at millimetre-wave and low terahertz (up to 1 THz) frequencies.

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22

Deeny, J. A. "Tunable diode laser spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253325.

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23

Smith, Edward J. "The diode array velocimeter." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09122009-040337/.

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24

Williams, Kevin. "Q-switched diode lasers." Thesis, University of Bath, 1995. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296333.

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25

McNeil, Walter J. "Perforated diode neutron sensors." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6980.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Douglas S. McGregor
A novel design of neutron sensor was investigated and developed. The perforated, or micro-structured, diode neutron sensor is a concept that has the potential to enhance neutron sensitivity of a common solid-state sensor configuration. The common thin-film coated diode neutron sensor is the only semiconductor-based neutron sensor that has proven feasible for commercial use. However, the thin-film coating restricts neutron counting efficiency and severely limits the usefulness of the sensor. This research has shown that the perforated design, when properly implemented, can increase the neutron counting efficiency by greater than a factor of 4. Methods developed in this work enable detectors to be fabricated to meet needs such as miniaturization, portability, ruggedness, and adaptability. The new detectors may be used for unique applications such as neutron imaging or the search for special nuclear materials. The research and developments described in the work include the successful fabrication of variant perforated diode neutron detector designs, general explanations of fundamental radiation detector design (with added focus on neutron detection and compactness), as well as descriptive theory and sensor design modeling useful in predicting performance of these unique solid-state radiation sensors. Several aspects in design, fabrication, and operational performance have been considered and tested including neutron counting efficiency, gamma-ray response, perforation shapes and depths, and silicon processing variations. Finally, the successfully proven technology was applied to a 1-dimensional neutron sensor array system.

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26

Traoré, Aboulaye. "High power diamond Schottky diode." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT093/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la fabrication de diodes Schottky sur diamant pour des applications hautes puissances. La croissance du diamant et son dopage sont aujourd'hui bien maîtrisés. La passivation de la surface du diamant (surface à terminaison oxygène) requise pour minimiser les états d'interface et obtenir des contacts redresseurs sur diamant, est également bien maîtrisé. L'apparition des architectures verticales (couche active des diodes épitaxiée sur un substrat de diamant fortement dopée) et pseudo-vertical (épitaxie d'un empilement comprenant la couche active et une couche fortement dopée sur un substrat diamant isolant) ont permis de minimiser la résistance série élevée des diodes sur diamant (énergie d'ionisation élevée des principaux dopants du diamant). Malgré le fait que ces configurations géométriques favorisent courants directs élevés, les performances diodes Schottky verticales ou pseudo verticales sur diamant sont à ce jour limitées par: i) la qualité de la couche active altérée par la propagation de défauts issues de la couche fortement dopée conduisant à de faible champ critiques (environ 3 MV / cm au lieu des 10MV/cm théorique), ii) les contacts Schottky sélectionnés, la stabilité thermique et chimique des interfaces formées avec une surface de diamant à terminaison oxygène. La sélection du métal Schottky et le prétraitement de la surface sont cruciaux pour obtenir de faibles hauteurs barrières (faible chute de tension à l'état passant), une faible densité de défauts au niveau des interfaces (faible courants de fuite), et une interface thermiquement stable (température de fonctionnement élevée). Dans cette thèse, nous avons démontré qu'une diode Schottky diamant pseudo verticale basée sur l'utilisation d'une surface à terminaison oxygène couverte par un métal facilement oxydable comme le zirconium (Zr), et une couche fortement dopée avec une épaisseur optimale, permettent de surmonter ces limitations et de fabriquer des diodes de meilleurs performances que l'état de l'art actuel. Un compromis entre l'épaisseur de la couche fortement dopée et son niveau de dopage à été d'abord établit afin de minimiser la génération de défauts et par conséquent d'améliorer la qualité de la couche active. Le métal (Zr) sélectionné comme contact Schottky donnait lieu à la formation d'une fine couche d'oxyde de zirconium thermiquement stable entre le Zr et le diamant. Les redresseurs fabriqués avaient: une forte densité de courant direct (1000 A par centimètre carré à 6 V), un champ critique supérieur à 7.7 MV /cm (tension de blocage 1000 V avec un courant de fuite inférieur à 1 pA), un facteur de mérite de Baliga supérieur à 244 MW par centimètre carré (la valeur la plus élevée signalée), une bonne reproductibilité indépendamment de la taille des diodes et des échantillons, la possibilité d'obtenir une hauteur de barrière inférieure à 1 eV après recuit, et une stabilité thermique supérieure à 500 ° C
This thesis was focused on high power diamond Schottky diodes fabrication. Diamond growth and its doping are today well mastered. The advent of vertical architectures (diode active layer grown on heavily doped diamond substrate) and pseudo-vertical (stack of diode active layer and heavily doped layer grown on insulating substrate) allowed minimizing the high serial resistance, which was induced by the high ionization energy of acceptor-type dopants (boron doped diamond) preferably used in rectifiers fabrications.Besides these geometrical configurations favoring high forward currents, diamond Schottky diodes (pseudo vertical or vertical structures) were limited by: I) the quality of diode active layer altered by defects propagation from heavily doped layer thus leading to lower blocking voltage (maximum critical field of 3 MV/cm reported) than the theoretical values (theoretical values of critical field of 10 MV/cm), II) Schottky electrodes selected and the thermal and chemical stability of interfaces formed with oxygen-terminated diamond surface (required getting a Schottky contact and reducing as much as possible the interface states). Schottky metal selection and diamond surface pretreatment are crucial to get low barrier heights (low forward voltage drop and so low losses), low defects density at interfaces (low leakage current), and a thermally stable interface (high operating temperature). In this thesis, we demonstrated that a pseudo vertical diamond Schottky diode based on an oxygen-terminated surface covered by an easily oxidizable metal like zirconium (Zr) combined with an optimal heavily doped layer, allows overcoming these limitations. We first found a trade-off between the thickness of heavily doped layer and its doping level in order to minimize defects generations and thus improve the quality of diode active layer grown on the heavily doped layer (Less defects propagations). On a second hand, the Zr metallic electrodes selected gave rise to a thin zirconia interface layer which was thermally stable thus preventing the oxygen layer desorption. Zr/oxidized diamond rectifiers exhibited better features than the current state of art: a high forward current density (1000 A/cm2 at 6 V), a high critical field above 7 MV/cm (1000 V blocking voltage with a leakage current less than 1 pA), a Baliga's power figure of merit above 244 MW/cm2 (the highest value reported), a good reproducibility regardless of diodes and samples, the possibility to get a barrier heights below 1 eV by annealing, and a thermal stability higher than 500°C

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27

Luy, Ulku. "Millimeter Wave Gunn Diode Oscillators." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608759/index.pdf.

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This thesis presents the design and implementation of a millimeter-wave Gunn diode oscillator operating at 35 GHz (Ka (R) 26.5-40 GHz Band). The aim of the study is to produce a high frequency, high power signal from a negative resistance device situated in a waveguide cavity by applying a direct current bias. First the physics of Gunn diodes is studied and the requirements that Gunn diode operates within the negative differential resistance region is obtained. Then the best design configuration is selected. The design of the oscillator includes the design of the waveguide housing, diode mounting and the bias insertion network. Some simulation tools are used to predict, approximately, the behaviour of the oscillator and the bias coupling circuit. For tuning purposes, a sliding backshort and a triplescrew- tuner system is used. For different bias values and different positions of the tuning elements oscillations are observed. A much more stable and higher magnitude oscillations were obtained with the inclusion of &ldquo
resonant disc&rdquo
placed on top of the diode. 15 dBm power was measured at a frequency of 28 GHz. Laboratory measurements have been carried out to determine the oscillator frequency, power output and stability for different bias conditions.

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28

Fritz, Mark A. Cassidy Daniel Thomas. "Die bonding of diode lasers /." *McMaster only, 2004.

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29

Leirset, Erlend. "Photonic crystal light emitting diode." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10014.

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This master's thesis describe electromagnetic simulations of a gallium antimonide (GaSb) light emitting diode, LED. A problem for such devices is that most of the generated light is reflected from the surface due to total internal reflection, and is therefore prevented from coupling out of the semiconductor material. Etching out a 2D photonic crystal grating on the LED surface would put aside the absolute rule of total internal reflection, and could therefore be used to increase the total transmission. The simulation method which was developed was supposed to find geometry parameters for the photonic crystal to optimize the light extraction. A set of plane waves were therefore simulated using FDTD to build an equivalent to the Fresnel equations for the photonic crystal surface. From that the total transmittance and radiation patterns for the simulated geometries were calculated. The results indicated an increase in the transmission properties of up to 70% using a square grating of holes where the holes have a radius of 0.5µm, the hole depth is 0.4µm, and the grating constant is 1µm. A hexagonal grating of holes and a square grating of isotropically etched holes were also simulated, and featured improvements on the same scale, but with different dimensions for the holes. The simulations were computationally very demanding, and the simulation structure therefore had to be highly trimmed to limit the calculation time to reasonable values. This might have reduced the accuracy of the results. Especially the optimum grating constant, and the value of the optimum improvement itself is believed to be somewhat inaccurate.

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30

Jeffries, Bryn. "Diode-pumped Yb:S-FAP lasers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408696.

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31

Jauncey, Ian Michael. "Diode-pumped active fibre devices." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/421958/.

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32

Coez, Arnaud. "Synthèse de quinoxaline-2,3-dione." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P117.

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33

Guan, Nan. "Nitride nanowire light-emitting diode." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS372/document.

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Les nanofils nitrures présentent des propriétés optoélectroniques extraordinaires et sont considérés comme des matériaux prometteurs pour des diodes électroluminescentes (LEDs), grâce à leur haute qualité cristalline, leurs surfaces non-polaires, leur bonne flexibilité mécanique, leur rapport d’aspect élevé, etc.Cette thèse adresse la croissance, la fabrication, les caractérisations optiques et électriques et la simulation optique des dispositifs à base de nanofils nitrures, avec un accent particulier sur les LEDs à nanofils.Premièrement, cette thèse présente la croissance par épitaxie en phase vapeur aux organométalliques de nanofils nitrures cœur-coquille auto-assemblés contenant des puits quantiques InGaN/GaN sur les facettes plan m avec différentes concentrations d’In. Puis est décrite la fabrication de LEDs utilisant ces nanofils suivant deux différentes stratégies d’intégration (intégrations planaires et verticales).L’intégration planaire est basée sur des nanofils uniques dispersés horizontalement. J’ai proposé une plateforme photonique intégrée composée d’une LED à nanofil, d’un guide d’onde optimisé et d’un photodétecteur à nanofil. J’ai également développé un système d’alignement des nanofils.L’intégration verticale a pour objectif la réalisation de LEDs flexibles reposant sur une assemblée de nanofils verticaux encapsulées dans des polymères. Je montre que ceci permet la fabrication de LEDs flexibles monochromatiques, bi-couleurs ou blanches.Les nanofils épitaxiés sur des matériaux 2D par épitaxie de van de Waals sont faciles à décoller de leur substrat natif. Avec cette motivation, dans la dernière partie de cette thèse, j’ai étudié la croissance organisée des nanofils GaN sur du graphène micro et nano-structuré utilisant l’épitaxie par jets moléculaires
Nitride nanowires exhibit outstanding opto-electronic and mechanical properties and are considered as promising materials for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), thanks to their high crystalline quality, non-polar facets, good mechanical flexibility, high aspect ratio, etc.This Ph.D. thesis addresses the growth, the device fabrication, the optical and electrical characterizations and the optical simulations of III-nitride NW devices, with a special emphasis on the LED applications.First, this thesis presents the growth of m-plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells with different In concentrations in self-assembled core-shell nanowires by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Then, by using these nanowires, LED devices based on two different integration strategies (namely, in-plane and vertical integration) are demonstrated.The in-plane integration is based on the horizontally dispersed single nanowires. I have proposed a basic integrated photonic platform consisting of a nanowire LED, an optimized waveguide and a nanowire photodetector. I have also developed a nanowire alignment system using dielectrophoresis.The vertical integration targets the fabrication of flexible LEDs based on vertical nanowire arrays embedded in polymer membranes. Flexible monochromatic, bi-color, white LEDs have been demonstrated. Their thermal properties have been analyzed.The nanowires grown on 2D materials by van der Waals epitaxy are easy to be lifted-off from their native substrate, which should facilitate the fabrication of flexible nanowire devices. With this motivation, in the last part of this thesis, I have investigated the selective area growth of GaN NWs on micro- and nano- scale graphene by molecular beam epitaxy

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34

Lau, Kwok Hing Connie. "Stacked organic light emitting diode." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/916.

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Lau, Keng San. "Multiple Transit Region Gunn Diode." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485888.

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The thesis examines the DC and RF performance of double transit region Gunn diodes (DTGD) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) for possible application in the automotive industry. DC and RF measurements are described and evidence prcscntcd to support the contention that coherent domain nucleation is occurring in the double transit devices. A single transit, digitally doped Gunn diode grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) was also investigated and is shown to be able to produce coherent RF oscillations. Monte Carlo simulations showed no adverse effects from the digitally doped region to the formation of GUlln domain. This is further supported using a simple model to show the effects of a digital doping region on the electric field profile. Knowledge of the temperature dependence of gallium arsenide ionisation coefficients would provide a better understanding of the breakdown mechanism in DTGDs. DTGDs are vulnerable to breakdown due to thermal stress, which is further exacerbated by the impact ionisation process. These coefficients can be inferred from multiplication and excess noise factor measurements. A noise measurements system is described, and is shown to be able to measure from a photoccurent of 0.22 llA onwards, the lowest reported so far. The system was modified using the bootstrap technique, and is shown to be able to measure devices of differing capacitance and can be adapted for measurements in a cryostat, thus allowing the temperature characterisation of excess noise factors to be made.

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36

Zavala, Arredondo Miguel Angel. "Diode area melting : use of high power diode lasers in additive manufacturing of metallic components." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18953/.

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Additive manufacturing processes have been developed to a stage where they can now be used to manufacture net-shape high-value components. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) comprises of either a single or multiple deflected high energy fibre laser source(s) (e.g. 200 – 400 W each) to raster scan, melt and fuse layers of metallic powdered feedstock. The beam(s) is(are) deflected by a Scanning Galvo Mirror System and an F-theta lens is used to provide a flat field at the image plane of the scanning system. However, this deflected laser raster scanning methodology is high cost (addition of multiple high-power deflected lasers in SLM for increase productivity can suffer penalties of ~£170K for each additional laser), energy inefficient (wall-plug efficiency of typical SLM fibre laser sources ~50 % [1]) and encounters significant limitations on output productivity due to the rate of feedstock melting (e.g. typical theoretical build rate of SLM of stainless steel < 2.8 mm3/s (< 10cm3/min) [2]). This work details the development of a new additive manufacturing process known as Diode Area Melting (DAM) featuring multiple high efficient laser sources (i.e. > 60 % wall-plug efficiency [1]) with scalability potential (< £100 penalty per additional laser beam for increase productivity). This process utilises customised architectural arrays of low power laser diode emitters (i.e. ~5W laser power) for high speed parallel processing (theoretical build rate of scaled DAM of stainless steel > 2.8 mm3/s (> 10cm3/min)) of metallic feedstock. Individually addressable diode emitters are used to selectively melt feedstock from a pre-laid powder bed. The laser diodes operate at shorter laser wavelengths (808 nm) than conventional SLM fibre lasers (1064 nm) theoretically enabling more efficient energy absorption for specific materials [3][4]. The melting capabilities of the DAM process were tested for low melting point eutectic BiZn2.7 elemental powders, AlSi12 and higher temperature pre-alloyed 17-4 and 316L stainless steel powders. The process was shown to be capable of fabricating controllable geometric features with evidence of complete melting and fusion between multiple powder layers. This investigation presents a parametric analysis of the DAM process, identifying the effect of powder characteristics, laser beam profile, laser power and scan speed on the porosity of a single layer sample. Also presented is the effect of process energy density on melt pool depth (irradiated thermal energy penetration capable of achieving melting) on 316L stainless steel powder. An analysis of the density and the melt depth fraction of single layers is presented in order to identify the conditions that lead to the fabrication of fully dense DAM parts. Energy densities in excess of 86 J/mm3 were theorised as sufficient to enable processing of fully dense layers. Finally, this investigation presents the first work modelling the DAM process, detailing the unique thermal profiles experienced with the laser processed powder bed. Process optimisation is improved through modelling thermal temperature distribution, targeting processing conditions inducing full melting for variable powder layer thickness. In this work the developed thermal model simulates the processing of 316L stainless steel and is validated with experimental trials. Key findings that have been identified in the present research include the following: • Edge emitting diode laser modules featuring multiple ~5 W emitters, can be used directly in AM of metallic components. • Typical 808 nm diode lasers wavelength enables high laser absorption mechanisms in a metal powder-bed based AM process, which in turn allows the use of lower laser power (< 5 W) than the conventionally used in SLM (100-400 W). • Temperatures in excess of 1450 ºC can be reached in metallic powder beds (stainless steel) with < 5 W diode-laser spots using appropriate optical mechanisms to collimate and focus the low-quality beam (27º and 7º divergence in the fast and slow axis respectively) down to < 250 µm melting spots. • It has been identified the ability to near-net shape and process material with melt temperatures in excess of 1450 ºC (i.e. stainless steel powder) using multiple individually addressable and non-deflected low power diode laser beams in order to scan in parallel, selectively melting material from a powder bed. • DAM process parameters including laser beam profile (i.e. spot spacing and spot dimensions), particle size distribution (emissivity and conductivity of the powder), laser power and scan speed affect the porosity and melt-pool uniformity of DAM components. • An energy density of 86 J/mm3 can be theorised as the minimum required for fully dense DAM (stainless steel) components. • Effective melt area in DAM can be 6.67 % in excess of the actual spots size (i.e. 4.75 mm laser beam width has an effective melt width of 5.067 mm). • Temperature gradients and cooling rates during DAM processing of metallic feedstock are similar to optimised pre-heated SLM mechanisms with low residual stress formation.

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37

Gottwald, Frank-Hermann. "Rauschen von mm-Wellenmischern mit GaAs-Schottky-Dioden." [S.l. : s.n.], 1998. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=955903629.

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Böhm, Harald. "Oberwellenbetrieb von GaAs-Lawinenlaufzeitdioden im Millimeterwellenbereich." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962147516.

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Roggenbuck, Rafael. "Darstellung von Sauerstoff-Heterocyclen durch rhodiumkatalysierte Tandem-Hydroformylierung von ungesättigten Alkoholen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962720844.

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Kubovic, Michal. "Technology for diamond based electronics." [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-66731.

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41

Hellström, Jonas. "On diode-pumped solid-state lasers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad fysik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4580.

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The research that is presented in this thesis can be divided into two major parts. The first part concerns longitudinally pumped, bulk Er-Yb lasers. In these lasers, the main limitation is the thermal shortcomings of the phosphate glass host material. From the laser experiments and the spectroscopic measurements on crystalline host materials, as well as an investigation to bring further light to the physical background of the involved dynamics, the thesis presents some novel results that contribute to the search for a crystalline replacement. The second part concerns novel laser concepts applied to Yb-doped double tungstate lasers. Different crystal orientations are investigated, such as an athermal orientation for reduced thermal lensing and a conical refraction orientation for complete polarization tuning. Furthermore, the introduction of volume Bragg gratings in the cavity enables wide spectral tuning ranges and extremely low quantum defects. Regarding the first part, the main results are the achievement of 15 % slope efficiency in a monolithic, continuous-wave Yb:GdCOB laser and the achievement of Q-switching of the same laser. The Q-switched pulse durations were around 5-6 ns and the Q-switched slope efficiency was 11.6 %. For both lasers, a maximum output power of 90 mW was obtained, which is close to ordinary glass lasers under similar conditions. A spectroscopic investigation into the Er,Yb-codoped double tungstates was also performed and the results have enabled mathematical modeling of the fluorescence dynamics in these materials. Finally, the temperature dependence of the dynamics in Er,Yb:YAG was studied and the results have given some insight into the physical background of the mechanisms involved. Regarding the second part, different end-pumped Yb:KReW laser cavities were constructed to demonstrate the different concepts. With a laser crystal cut for propagation along the athermal direction at 17º angle clockwise from the dielectric direction Nm, the thermal lens could be reduced by 50 %. In these experiments the maximum output power was 4 W at 60 % slope efficiency. In another cavity incorporating a volume Bragg grating in a retroreflector set-up, the wavelength could be continuously tuned between 997 - 1050 nm. The spectral bandwidth was 10 GHz and the peak output power was 3 W. The same output power could also be obtained at 1063 nm with the grating positioned as an output coupler instead. If, on the other hand, the grating was positioned as an input coupler, 3.6 W output power at 998 nm was obtained at a quantum defect of only 1.6 %. Furthermore, using a crystal oriented for propagation along an optic axis, internal conical refraction could be used to establish arbitrary control of the polarization direction as well as the extinction ratio. Even unpolarized light could be enforced despite the highly anisotropic medium. With this configuration, the maximum output power was 8.6 W at 60 % slope efficiency which equals the performance of a reference crystal with standard orientation. The completely novel concepts of laser tuning with Bragg grating retroreflectors, of low quantum defect through Bragg grating input couplers and of polarization tuning by internal conical refraction can all easily be applied to several other laser materials as well.
QC 20100713

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42

Pan, Jin 1959. "Characteristics of selenium schottky diode structures." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61722.

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Esser, M. J. Daniel. "Diode-end-pumped solid-state lasers." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1020.

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Spiekermann, Stefan. "Compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3772.

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Compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers (DPSSL) arecontinuously replacing traditional gas lasers as well asenabling completely new technology. However, compact and costefficient designs are required to satisfy end-user demands. Theaim of this thesis was therefore to investigate novel laserdesigns for given applications considering these demands. In alarge part of the thesis work, nonlinear optics were employedto realize laser wavelengths where there was no appropriatelaser transition available.

Besides other nonlinear crystals such as BBO, LBO and KTP,periodically poled KTP played an important role in this thesiswork. Its unique properties regarding up conversion processeswere exploited, thus supplying a broadened view over itspotential and limitations.

This thesis places emphasis on practical concerns, mainlyrelated to real applications. It gives solutions to the beamshaping of laser diodes, covers the simulation and the designof laser dynamics as well as laser performance and describesthe sources of laser output degradation and damage mechanisms.Novel infrared lasers were designed and multiple intra-cavity,external cavity and non-resonant multi-pass frequencyconversion schemes were successfully employed and optimized.These produced red, orange, green, blue and ultraviolet outputfor various applications like spectroscopy, micro machining andwriting of fiber Bragg gratings.

Keywords:diode-pumped solid-state lasers, nonlinearoptics, frequency conversion,

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45

Hultell, Andersson Magnus S. "A Molecularly Switchable Polymer-Based Diode." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1571.

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Despite tremendous achievements, the field of conjugated polymers is still in its infancy, mimicking the more mature inorganic, i.e. silicon-based, technologies. We may though look forward to the realisation of electronic and electrochemical devices with exotic designs and device applications, as our knowledge about the fundamentals of these promising materials grow ever stronger.

My own contribution to this development, originating from an idea first put forward by my tutor, Professor Magnus Berggren, is a design for a switchable polymer-based diode. Its architecture is based on a modified version of a recently developed highly-rectifying diode,12 where an intermediate molecular layer has been incorporated in the bottom contact. Due to its unique ability to switch its internal resistance during operation, this thin layer can be used to shift the amount of (forward) current induced into the rectifying structure of the device, and by doing so shift its electrical characteristics between an insulating and a rectifying behaviour (as illustrated below). Such a component should be of great commercial interest in display technologies since it would, at least hypothetically, be able to replace the transistors presently used to address the individual matrix elements.

However, although fairly simple in theory, it proved to be quite the challenge to fabricate the device structure. Machinery errors and contact problems aside, several process routes needed to be evaluated and only a small fraction of the batches were successful. In fact, it was not until the very last day that I detected the first indications that the concept might actually work. Hence, several modifications might still be necessary to undertake in order to get the device to work properly.

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Cheung, Dickson Tak Shun. "A 5.5GHz current-biased diode mixer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/MQ45606.pdf.

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47

Hellström, Jonas. "On diode-pumped solid-state lasers /." Stockholm : Tillämpad fysik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4580.

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Torgeson, George Phillip. "IMPATT DIODE OSCILLATOR DESIGN IN MICROSTRIP." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275274.

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Thompson, Benjamin Aubrey. "Novel diode-pumped solid-state lasers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416626.

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Smith, David Murray. "Diode laser spectroscopy of silane plasmas." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259622.

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