Academic literature on the topic 'Dioscorea alata L'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dioscorea alata L"
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Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul, and Muhammad Sasmito Djati. "Potency of Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata L) as an Immunomodulatory Agent." Berkala Kedokteran 14, no. 1 (February 24, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v14i1.4589.
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Abstract: Purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) is one of tubers that has not been used optimally. One of the nutrients contained in Dioscorea species is Saponin Steroid. This paper aims to examine the potential of Steroid Saponin in purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) as an immunomodulatory agent. The method is by reviewing from various literatures. This article found that Steroid Saponin in purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) had a potency as an immunomodulatory agent. Keywords: Purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L), Steroid Saponin, Immunomodulatory
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Ihwan, Ihwan, Rahmatia Rahmatia, and Khildah Khaerati. "TERATOGENIK EKSTRAK ETANOL UWI BANGGAI UNGU (Dioscorea alata L.) PADA MENCIT BETINA (Mus musculus)." Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS) Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan 5, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v5i2.511.
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Teratogenic is an abnormal development on embryo and is the cause of congenital defect or birth defect. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of Dioscorea alata L. ethanol extracts to the embryo development on pregnant mice whose given orally to 24 mice which divided to 4 treatment groups, they are the normal group (NG) with NaCMC 0.5%; 28 mg/KgBB treatment group; 35 mg/KgBB; 42 mg/Kg BB. The addition of Dioscorea alata L ethanol extracts was done on the sixth day until the 15th day of pregnancy. On the 18th day of pregnancy, Laparaktomi was done to the pregnant mice and the embryo was taken out of the uterus. The observation was done to the fetus numbers, weight weighing of the fetus's body, dan length measurement of the fetus's body. Another observation is the observation of the external organ defect of the embryo. The study results that the addition of Dioscorea alata L ethanol extracts with various doses have no significant effect (P>0.5) to the mice external fetus development. On the examination of the fetus, we can conclude that Dioscorea alata L ethanol extracts don’t give any effect that may cause the defect of the fetus’ external organ.
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Abdulrahaman, A. A., F. O. Egbedo, and F. A. Oladele. "Stomatal complex types, stomatal density, and the stomatal index in some species of dioscorea." Archives of Biological Sciences 61, no. 4 (2009): 847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0904847a.
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Dioscorea alata L. has three stomatal complex types, namely, paracytic, anisocytic, and tetracytic stomata, with percentage frequency values of 50, 18, and 32, respectively. Dioscorea bulbifera has paracytic and anisocytic stomata, with percentage frequency values of 87.60 and 12.40, respectively. Dioscorea cayenensis has anisocytic stomata, with a percent?age frequency value of 100. Dioscorea dumetorum has tetracytic and paractytic stomata, with percentage frequency values of 91.05 and 8.95, respectively. Both D. esculenta and D. rotundata have paracytic stomata, with a percentage frequency of 100. The range of variation of stomatal density is from 10 (lowest value) in D. alata and D. dumentorum to 27 (highest value) in D. bulbifera. The stomatal index also varies, from 24 in D. alata to 47 in D. cayenensis. The size of stomata in all species is small, varying in length from 0.74 ?m in D. alata to 1.79 ?m in D. dumentorum. An indented dichotomous key based on stomatal features was constructed to distinguish and identify the species.
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Adeniji, Adegboyega, Apovughaye Taiga, and M. S. Ayodele. "Comparative Studies on the Susceptibility of Three Tubers of Dioscorea Species to Dry Rot in Anyigba, Kogi State." International Annals of Science 8, no. 1 (October 5, 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ias.8.1.70-74.
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Various yam species are cultivated but white yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.), water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) and yellow yam (Dioscorea cayenensis Lam.) are among the most cultivated in Nigeria. The Susceptibility of three tubers of Dioscorea species (D. rotundata, D. alata and D. cayenensis) to dry rot pathogens was investigated. Isolation was made from rotted tuber tissues, followed by pathogenicity test and identification of isolates; two fungal species Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated and identified as the major fungi causing yam tuber dry rot in the study area. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in the susceptibility of the various Dioscorea tuber species studied to rot caused by Aspergillus niger [D. rotundata (20mm), D. alata (11mm) and D. cayenensis (3.5mm)] and Rhizopus stolonifer [ D. rotundata (17.5mm), D. alata (10mm) and D. cayenensis (2mm)]. The phytochemical contents of the three tubers of Dioscorea species examined also varied significantly, with the bioactive substances of D. cayenensis and D. alata relatively higher when compared to D. rotundata. Therefore, this research reveals that three metabolites; Saponin, Flavonoid and Tanin constitute the major trait for resistant ability of D. cayanesis and D. alata to dry rot causing pathogen. Therefore, it is necessary that the differences in susceptibility be considered when developing yam barns. Also, researchers should work on genetically improving the susceptible white yam (D. rotundata) which is commonly eaten by millions of Nigerians with a possibility of increasing the quantities of the deficient phytochemicals.
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Supriya, Das, Dutta Choudhury Manabendra, and Behari Mazumdar Pranab. "Micropropagation of Dioscorea alata L. through nodal segments." African Journal of Biotechnology 12, no. 47 (November 18, 2013): 6611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2013.12191.
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Techen, Natascha, Iffat Parveen, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "A single molecular marker to distinguish between species of Dioscorea." Genome 60, no. 3 (March 2017): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2015-0105.
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Yams are species of the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae), which consists of approximately 630 species. The majority of the world production of yams occurs in Africa with 58.8 million t annually, but they are also produced in the Americas and Asia. The saponins in yams have been reported to possess various properties to improve health. The tuber and aerial parts of various species often share morphological similarities, which can cause problems in the proper identification of sample material. For example, the rootstocks and aerial parts of Dioscorea villosa L. share similarities with Dioscorea polystachia Turcz. Dioscorea bulbifera L. may be mistaken for Dioscorea alata L. owing to similar morphologies. Various molecular analyses have been published to help with the identification of species and varieties within the genus Dioscorea. The multi-loci or single-locus analysis has resulted in varying success, some with only a limited discrimination rate. In the present study, a single nuclear genomic region, biparentally inherited, was analyzed for its usefulness as a molecular marker for species identification and discrimination between D. bulbifera, D. villosa, D. nipponica, D. alata, D. caucasica, and D. deltoidea samples. The results of this study show that the LFY genomic region can be useful as a molecular marker to distinguish between samples.
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Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul, Moch Sasmito Djati, Muhaimin Rifa’i, and Widodo ,. "LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION ON HYPERSENSITIVITY OF Balb/C MICE AFTER GIVEN ETHANOL EXTRACT TUBER OF Dioscorea alata L." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.125.
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<p>Purple yam (Dioscorea alata L.) is a source nutritious tubers that has not been used optimally. Nutrients content in Dioscorea species are starch, essentials amino acid, minerals, polyphenol, glycoprotein, purin derivates such as allantoin, and steroid saponin which have biological activity such as immunomodulatory and antiallergic. The purpose of this research was to assess the absolute number of lymphocyte on hypersensitivity of mice after treated with ethanol extract of D. alata. Twenty one male Balb/C mice were used which were divided into seven groups: control (C), negative control (NC), treatments with ethanol extract of D. alata 0.17 g/kg, 2.01 g/kg, 10.04 g/kg (T I – T III), treatment with antihistamine drug 0,4 mg/mice/day (T IV) and treatment with diosgenin 200 mg/kg (T V). For 17 consecutive days the T I - T III groups were treated with ethanol extract of D. alata correspond to their doses, T IV group were treated with antihistamine drugs, and T V group were treated with diosgenin. On day 15, NC and T I – T V groups of mice were induced by ovalbumin 0,0483 mg/mice. Mice were sacrificed on day 18, and the lymphocyte was isolated from spleen, and the absolute number of lymphocyte was counted with Haemocytometer. Results showed that the absolute number of lymphocyte on mice hypersensitivity after treated with ethanol extract of D. alata L. were the lowest, while the highest absolute number of lymphocyte was found in the group treated with antihistamine drugs followed by the group treated with diosgenin on 200 mg/kg BW, negative control group and control group, respectively. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Balb/C mice, Dioscorea alata, ovalbumin, hypersensitivity, lymphocyte</p>
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Hasan, Sayed M. Zain, Andrew A. Ngadin, Ramisah M. Shah, and Norizan Mohamad. "Morphological variability of greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.) in Malaysia." Plant Genetic Resources 6, no. 1 (April 2008): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262108920050.
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An assessment of morphological variation among 70 accessions of greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.) collected throughout Malaysia was made. Data of 47 morphological variables measured from the accessions were subjected to multivariate analysis using principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The PCA results indicated that the characters contributing largely to the species variability were those related to the shape, size and flesh colour of underground tubers; shape and colour of aerial tubers; position, shape, size and vein colour of the leaves; petiole colour; shoot growth rate; and number of days for shoots to germinate. The two-dimensional plot of the first two PCs showed a separation between accessions of purple tuber groups and those of white tuber groups, but was unable to distinguish accessions according to tuber shape groups, i.e. irregular, oblong and round, as revealed by visual observation. The dendrogram of CA revealed four major groups of D. alata in Malaysia, which supported the PCA grouping. This study demonstrated that D. alata in Malaysia consists of numerous genotypes revealing wide inter- and intra-group variability.
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Egesi, C. N., R. Asiedu, G. Ude, S. Ogunyemi, and J. K. Egunjobi. "AFLP marker diversity in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.)." Plant Genetic Resources 4, no. 3 (December 2006): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr2006121.
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AbstractAmplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were employed to assess intraspecific variability in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.). Fifty-three accessions of diverse geographic origins in West and Central Africa (Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Chad) and Puerto Rico were analysed using three AFLP primer combinations. Of the 342 amplification products generated, a mean of 53.4% were polymorphic. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.29 to 0.95. The accessions could be clustered into three major genetic groups with one outlier. Each group was a mixture of accessions of different geographical origin indicating that geography has not played a major role in the differentiation of the species. A few accessions clustered very tightly suggesting that there may be duplicate accessions in the collection. The wide genetic variation observed constitutes a good basis for genetic improvement of yam.
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TANOUE, Hayao, and Hidetoshi SIMOZUNO. "Quality Changes of Dioscorea alata L. Tuber during Storage." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KOGYO GAKKAISHI 38, no. 11 (1991): 996–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.38.996.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Dioscorea alata L"
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Némorin, Alice. "Acquisition de connaissances sur la génétique de l'espèce Dioscorea alata L. pour la production de variétés polyploïdes." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0519/document.
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Nous avons étudié les phénomènes de polyploïdisation chez l'igname Dioscorea alata qui comprend trois cytotypes diploïde (2n=40), triploïde (2n=60) et tétraploïde (2n=80) en vue d'optimiser les stratégies de production d'hybrides polyploïdes. Chez ce complexe polyploïde l'augmentation de la ploïdie est corrélée avec une augmentation de la vigueur et des rendements plus élevés et plus stables. Dans un premier temps nous avons démontré l'autotétraploïdie des variétés tétraploïdes à l'aide de trois approches différentes: des analyses d'hérédité de marqueurs microsatellites, l'observation de phénomènes de double réduction et l'étude des méioses des cellules mères de pollen. Nous avons ensuite déterminé quels sont les mécanismes les plus probables à l'origine des polyploïdes naturels via l'étude de la transmission de l'hétérozygotie parentale à l'aide de microsatellites et par l'étude des incompatibilités au niveau de l'albumen lors de différents croisements intracytotypes et intercytotypes en utilisant la cytométrie en flux. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les polyploïdes de D. alata seraient apparus via la formation de gamètes non réduits de clones diploïdes. Le pool triploïde se serait édifié et diversifié uniquement par voie femelle, du fait de la non viabilité des croisements intercytotypes et de la stérilité des femelles et mâles triploïdes. Le pool tétraploïde serait apparu par union de deux gamètes non réduits de clones diploïdes (polyploidisation sexuelle bilatérale). Par la suite ce pool aurait été diversifié via des croisements intercyWe studied polyploidisation phenomena in the yam Dioscorea alata that includes three cytotypes -diploid (2n=40), triploid (2n=60) and tetraploid (2n=80) -in order to optimise polyploid hybrid production strategies. In this complex polyploid, the increase in ploidy is correlated with an increase in vigour and higher and more stable yields. We first showed the autotetraploidy of tetraploid varieties using three different approaches: heredity analyses of microsatellite markers, the observation of double reduction phenomena, and the study of meiosis of pollen mother cells. We then determined the mechanisms most likely to be at the origin of natural polyploids through the study of the transmission of parental heterozygoty using microsatellites and the study of incompatibilities at the endosperm level at the time of different intracytotypic and intercytotypic crosses using flow cytometry. The results obtained reveal that the polyploids of D. alata probably appeared through the formation of non-reduced gametes of diploid clones. The triploid pool would then have been constituted and diversified through the female pathway as a result of the non-viability of intercytotypic crosses and the sterility of female and male triploids. The tetraploid pool would have appeared as a result of the union of two non-reduced gametes of diploid clones (bilateral sexual polyploidisation). This pool would then have diversified through intercytotypic crosses with the formation of 2n gamètes through both the female and the male pathway, as well as by intracytotypic crosses within the 4X pool
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Twyford, Cedric T. "Somatic embryogenesis in the food yam Dioscorea alata L., cultivar Oriental Lisbon." Thesis, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324906.
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Kandasamy, Kodi Isparan. "Tissue culture studies on the interactions between the yam anthracnose pathogen and Dioscorea alata L." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321759.
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Borgès, Garcìa Misterbino. "Caractérisation de la diversité génétique et diagnostic viral de Dioscorea alata L. En vue de sa micropropagation et conservation à Cuba." Antilles-Guyane, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGUY0446.
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L'igname est une culture importante dans les zones montagneuses de la région orientale de Cuba, où existe la plus grande diversité du Dioscorea spp. Le facteur limitant majeur de la production locale est le manque de semences de qualité. La maîtrise de la production passe par une meilleure connaissance de la biodiversité des clones cultivés et des virus associés, et par le développement d'une méthodologie de micropropagation permettant de fournir du matériel sain à la production agricole. Le présent travail de thèse a été réalisé avec le double objectif de i)- caractériser le germoplasme de D. Alata dans la région orientale de Cuba et d'effectuer un diagnostic viral en utilisant les techniques moléculaires les plus récentes, ii)- mettre au point des méthodes de micropropagation et conservation permettant d'obtenir du matériel sain du clone Caraquefio. Dix accessions représentatives ont été caractérisées au moyen d'indicateurs morphologiques et agronomiques et à l'aide de cinq marqueurs microsatellites spécifiques du genre Dioscorea. La méthode Coating - PCR a été utilisée pour détecter le badnavirus et la méthode Coating RT-PCR pour détecter le potexvirus, les potyvirus (YMV et YMMV) et le potyvirus universel. Les analyses mopho-agronomiques ont mis en évidence l'existence de six phénotypes différents tandis que l'analyse moléculaire a révélé l'existence de quatre génotypes différents. Pour la première fois à Cuba, l'existence de badnavirus a été détectée. Une méthodologie complète a été mise au point pour la propagation et conservation du clone Caraquefio, en culture in vitro et au champ. Cette méthodologie est validée avec succès par rapport aux études morpho-agronomiques, histologiques et moléculaires. La méthodologie développée n'a pas entraîné dans les plantes obtenues par culture in vitro, plantées dans un premier et seconde cycle de culture au champ, de modifications morphologiques, histologiques, ni même moléculaires, par rapport aux plantes issues de la propagation conventionnelle. Cette méthodologie a assuré aussi le bon état phytosanitaire du matériel végétal, de sorte que celle-ci peut être appliquée dans des conditions similaires à d'autres clonesThe yam is an important culture in the mountainous zones of the oriental region of Cuba, where exist the biggest diversity ofDioscorea spp. The factor limiting major of the local production is the lack of quality seeds. The production development required a better knowledge of the biodiversity ofthe cultivated clones and viruses associated, and by the development of a methodology of micropropagation permitting to provide the healthy material to the agricultural production. In this study, the characterizing of the D. Alata germoplasm in the Eastern region of Cuba, the realisation a virus diagnosis through the most recent molecular techniques, and production the material healthy of the Caraquefio clone by methods of micropropagation and conservation were carried out. Ten representative accessions were characterized using morphological and agronomical indicators and five molecular markers corresponding to Dioscorea genera-derived micro satellites. The Coating - PCR method to detect badnavirus and the method Coating RT-PCR to detect the potexvirus, potyvirus (YMV and YMMV) and universal potyvirus were used. For the first time to Cuba, the existence of badnavirus has been detected. The mopho-agronomic analyses put in evidence the existence of six different phenotypes while the molecular analysis revealed the existence of four different genotypes. A complete methodology for the propagation and conservation the material healthy of the Caraquefio clone, in in vitro culture and to the field was finalized. This methodology is successfully validated in relation to the morpho-agronomical, histological and molecular studies for its application at a commercial scale. This methodology also assured the good state phytosanitaire of the plant material, so that this methodology can be applied in conditions similar to another clones
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Bazabakana, Romain. "Contribution à l'effet de l'acide jasmonique exogène sur la tubérisation, la dormance et la germination dezs microtubercules chez Dioscorea alata L. (Dioscoreaceae)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211655.
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Muñoz, Cuervo Ismael. "Évaluation de la diversité du contenu phytochimique de trois espèces à racines et tubercules amylacées tropicales, le taro, la grande igname et le manioc." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10099.
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Le taro (Colocasia esculenta L.), la grande igname (Dioscorea alata L.) et le manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) représentent trois cultures amylacées d'importance dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales du monde. Afin d'évaluer la diversité chimique en molécules bioactives de ces espèces, nous avons développé des méthodologies analytiques CLHP/DBD et CPG/SM à moyen débit permettant de doser les teneurs de 129 caroténoïdes et composés phénoliques/indoliques et de 16 acides organiques/gras dans les tissus souterrains consommés. Ces substances ont ensuite été dosées pour la première fois sur un large échantillonnage représentatif de la diversité agro-morphologique de ces trois espèces (respectivement 173, 113 et 79 cultivars de taro, grande igname et manioc cultivés sur un même site). Les résultats montrent l'existence d'une énorme diversité qualitative et quantitative des marqueurs chimiques et une absence de chimiotype marqué. De nombreux métabolites secondaires n'ont été détectés que dans peu de variétés en accord avec les résultats d'études antérieures sur la diversité, et la distribution, d'allèles génétiques neutres. Bien qu'appréciées, les substances colorées ou perceptibles en bouche n'ont pas fait l'objet d'amélioration variétale poussée sur leurs teneurs et ne peuvent être perçues que dans un petit nombre de cultivars. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats soutiennent l'importance de la sélection participative de petits agriculteurs pour la création et le maintien d'une large biodiversité chimique chez ces plantes. Ils offrent également des perspectives et des outils nouveaux pour améliorer la qualité nutritionnelle de ces espècesTaro (Colocasia esculenta L.), the greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) are three important staple crop species from tropical and subtropical regions. In order to evaluate the diversity in bioactive molecules of these three species, we have developed medium throughput HPLC/DAD and GC/MSbased analytical methodologies to estimate the contents of 129 carotenoids and phenolic/indolic compounds and 16 organic/fatty acids in the consumed underground tissues. The contents of these substances have then been quantified for the first time in a large sampling representative of the agro-morphological biodiversity of these three species (respectively 173, 113 and 79 landraces of taro, greater yam and cassava that were cultivated on a common site). Results demonstrate the existence of a large qualitative and quantitative diversity of chemical traits and the absence of clear-cut chemotype. Most secondary metabolites have only been detected in few landraces in agreement with results from previous studies on the diversity, and distribution, of neutral genetic alleles in these plants. Though well appreciated by consumers, colored and mouth-perceivable substances have not been subjected to major content improvement through targeted selection and are in fact only detectable in a limited number of landraces. As a whole, these results support the importance of participatory selection by small farmers in the creation, and maintaining, of a large chemical diversity in these species. They also offer novel tools and perspectives for the improvement of the nutritional value of these species by plant breeders
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Malapa, Roger. "Description de la diversité de Dioscorea alata L. Du Vanouatou à l’aide de marqueurs agro-morphologiques et moléculaires (AFLP) : Relations avec les autres espèces de la section Enanthiophyllum." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARC078.
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Ce travail de thèse, effectué en partie à Montpellier et au Vanouatou, a été réalisé en vue de décrire la diversité des cultivars d’igname de Dioscorea alata L. , et leur relation avec l’espèce D. Nummularia Lam. Le matériel végétal étudié était issu en grande partie de la collection nationale du Vanouatou et a été complété avec du matériel issu de prospection en ce qui concerne D. Nummularia. Des accessions élites de D. Alata provenant de Mélanésie et d'Asie ont également été utilisées dans le cadre d’une étude comparative. Sur le plan ethnobotanique, les savoirs traditionnels montrent qu’il existe plusieurs cultivars de D. Alata et de D. Nummularia. Ils sont utilisés soit pour la consommation courante, soit pour acquérir du prestige. L’évaluation de la diversité de D. Alata à l’aide de 26 descripteurs agromorphologiques saisis sur 331 accessions de D. Alata confirme l’existence d’une importante variabilité phénotypique. L’étude des niveaux de ploïdie révèlent que cette diversité a également une base cytologique avec l’existence des séries 2n = 4x, 6x, 8x pour D. Alata et 2n = 6x, 8x, 10 à 12x pour D. Nummularia. Elle indique que les cultivars de prestige sont essentiellement des hexaploïdes et des octoploïdes. Cette diversité est également vérifiée au niveau moléculaire par les AFLP qui révèlent que D. Nummularia est un taxon hétérogène. Il inclurait quatre espèces distinctes dont D. Transversa Br. Il montre également que D. Alata et D. Nummularia sont des espèces distantes mais possédant un fond génétique commun. Les résultats obtenus sont discutés en relation avec les perspectives visant l’amélioration des cultivars de D. AlataThis thesis, which’s goal is to describe the diversity of cultivated yam (Dioscorea alata L. ) cultivars and their relation with D. Nummularia Lam. , was conducted between Montpellier (France) and Vanuatu. The plant material that was studied came from the Vanuatu National Collection, and, in the case of D. Nummularia, was completed by material stemming from prospections. Elite accessions of D. Alata originating from Melanesia and Asia were also used in this comparative study. Traditional knowledge shows that D. Alata and D. Nummularia comprise a number of cultivars. These are used for consumption, as well as to acquire prestige. The evaluation of the diversity of 331 accessions of D. Alata using 26 agromorphological descriptors confirms the great phenotypical diversity of this species. The study of ploidy level reveals that this diversity also posses a cytological basis, with ploidy levels ranging from 2n = 4x, 6x and 8x for D. Alata, and 2n = 6x, 8x, 10 to 12x for D. Nummularia. Ceremonial cultivars are essentially hexa- and octaploids. The diversity was also studied at the molecular level using AFLPs. D. Nummularia appears to be heterogeneous taxon, which could include four distinct species, although sharing a common genetic background. The results of this study are discussed within the perspective of the genetic improvement of cultivated yam, D. Alata
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Pan, Chia-rue, and 潘嘉如. "Preparation of Hydrolysates from Tuber of Yam (Dioscorea alata L.)." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46265956979187683708.
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碩士國立中興大學
食品科學系
88
The tuber of yam contains sufficient of amino acid, proteins, mucin, allantoin, choline, fiber, vitamin A, B1, B2, C, and Ca, P, Fe, I, and etc. It is a good nutrient source for human being. Protein hydrolysates is a product from chemical or enzymatic hydrolytic reaction as macro protein molecular are hydrolyzed to an increasing degree, they form aggregates with lower average molecular weights, including proteoses, peptones, peptide, amino acid mixtures, and free amino acid mixture. From a nutritional point of view, the demand for protein or more amino acid can be fulfilled equally well either by intake of free amino acid, protein hydrolysates, or by intact protein assuming the bioavailability is the same. The objective of this investigation was to study the production and composition of hydrolysates from tuber of yam (Dioscorea alata L.) using hydrochloric acid. The characteristics of the yam hydrolysates were examined including, total nitrogen (TN%), formol nitrogen (FN%), degree of hydrolysis (DH%), dextrose equivalent (DE%), analysis of amino acid compositions, the amount of soluble solid, reducing sugar, total sugar, and salt content. Besides, the color and sensory evaluation analysis were investigated. Results showed that as the acid concentration and hydrolysis time were increased, FN% and DH% of the hydrolysates were increased, and color became darker. Amino acid compositions of the yam hydrolysates were mainly glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartic acid (Asp) which contribute to its flavor attribute. When acid concentration was increased, the soluble solid and salt content were also increased, but the hydrolysis time and acid concentration were not significantly affected by TN%. When acid concentration and hydrolysis time increased, reducing sugar, total sugar, and DE% of the hydrolysates were decreased, which explain that in the presence of sugar and protein in yam tuber, Maillard reaction and caramelization reaction did occur. Sugar in the hydrolysate was also affected by acid and heat. Because the sugar was used for Maillard reaction, the DE% value cannot mean the true status. When acid concentration, hydrolysis time, and pH of the hydralysate were increased, the hydrolysates color was even darker. Results of the sensory experiment showed that the hydrolysates of the yam tuber is a promising ingredient for addition in sport drinks. In conclusion, the higher acid concentration and longer hydrolysis time demonstrated efficient hydrolysis to obtain small molecular yam tuber hydrolysates. In the future, the yam hydrolysates will be used as a functional food, additive for designing new formulation in soft drink products. In the mean that, sure this product can be commercialized and its overall acceptability could be even higher.
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Chien, Hsu-Chi, and 簡旭祺. "Study of color and texture changes of yam(Dioscorea alata L.)." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78404872237071962110.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
園藝學系研究所
86
Color and texture changes of minimally processed yam (Dioscorea alata L.) slices during storage were studied. When unpackaged yam slicesstored at room temperature (25*2oC) for 48hrs., the Hunter''s L value of all three yam cultivars, Tsun, Chang, and Huang, were decreased as the storage time increase d. The increases of Hunter''s +a value with time in Tsun and Huang yam slices are correlated with the degree of browning. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activ ities of three cultivar yam slices are increased with storage time within 24hr s. The highest PPO activity of Tsun yam slices demonstrate the most severe br owning of the samples. The peroxidase (PO) activities of three cultivar yam slices also increase within 12hrs at room temperature storage. Although the PO activities of Chang yam slices are the highest among cultivars, less sever ebrowning than Tsun yam slices demonstrates that PO play little role on thebro wning of yam slices.All three cultivars of yam slices, vacuum packaged in polypropylene (PP) bags and stored at 3oC for 14days, show little browning occurred. The results of Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) indicate that,amongthree yam cultivars, the hardness and adhesiveness of fresh yam slices aresiming yam . However, Tsun and Chang yam slices present better fracturability than Hua ng yam slices; and Huang yam slices present better springness,cohesiveness, gu mminess, and chewiness than Tsun and Chang yam slices. When stored yam slices at room temperature without packaging, loss of moi- sture and decrease of starch content resulted in the increase of yam slice hardnesses. This is especially true in the Tsun and Chang yams. The increase in reducing sugar content , which probably due to the concentration effect of moisture loss and the starch hydrolysis, have correla tion coefficient of0.66- 0.70 with the increase of yam hardnesses.
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Hsin-Yu, Chen, and 陳信宇. "Studies on the genomic and the regulatory sequence of the storage protein dioscorin genes of yam（Dioscorea alata L.）." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79971342597236672358.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立嘉義大學
生物科技研究所
94
Dioscorin is the major storage protein in yam （Dioscorea alata L.）。In this study, four fragments of the genomic sequences of the storage protein dioscorin genes were cloned by nested PCR and TAIL-PCR（Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR）with several primer pairs designed according to the dioscorin A mRNA sequences published in NCBI Genbank. The dioscorin gene should be comprised of 7 exons and 6 introns. In the intron assay, we cloned 17 different introns totally. The 1st intron has 2 different kinds, the 2nd has 2, the 3rd has 3, the 4th has 3, the 5th has 3, and the 6th has 3. We concluded that there are at least 6 members of dioscorin A in the dioscorin gene family according the 6 cloned fragments combined with the 3rd and the 4th different introns. Furthermore, the 5’-upstream sequence of the yam storage protein dioscorin gene was isolated by TAIL-PCR from the genomic DNA. The product was 491 bp with the 466 bp upstream to the translation start site of the dioscorin gene and 74 bp 5’-UTR. After the sequence alignment and identification analysis in the database, the putative promoter and several putative cis-acting elements were predicted. The sequence was used to generate 7 fragments of 5’ serial deleted sequence and fused with GUS gene of Ti-plasmid. The agroinfiltration method was applied for transient expression in the leaves of tobacco seedlings to rapidly examine its transcriptional activity and confirm the cis-acting elements .
Book chapters on the topic "Dioscorea alata L"
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"11. Genetic Relationship Between Dioscorea alata L. and D. nummularia Lam. as Revealed by AFLP Markers." In Darwin's Harvest, 239–66. Columbia University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/motl13316-012.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Dioscorea alata L"
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Purnomo, Issirep Sumardi, Rugayah, and Budi S. Daryono. "Identification and phenetic analysis of Dioscorea spp. and Dioscorea alata L. cultivars based on anatomical caharacters." In THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE ICBS 2019: “Biodiversity as a Cornerstone for Embracing Future Humanity”. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0016275.
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Pedrosa Silva Clerici, Maria Teresa, and Andressa Rigoni Marcato. "Yam flour (Dioscorea alata L.) in fresh pasta of whole grain wheat flour." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-37036.
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Rosida, Dedin, Anisa Dewi, and Dahlia Elianarni. "Characteristics of Chili Powder (Capsicum Frutescens L.) with Maltodexstrin Encapsulants from Starch of White Yam (Dioscorea Alata)." In ASEAN Food Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009984100190025.
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Aminah, N. S., A. Yulvia, and M. Tanjung. "Methyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate and 9-10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,4,7-triol two phenolic compounds from Dioscorea alata L. and their antioxidant activity." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOPS ON BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5004327.
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Nurfitriani, A., M. Mahendradatta, A. Laga, and Zainal. "Antibacterial Effectiveness of Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata L) Sap Extract in Inhibiting the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus & Escherichia coli." In 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.002.
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Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul, Widodo, Muhaimin Rifa’i, and Muhamad Sasmito Djati. "The influence of ethanol extract Dioscorea alata L. on CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ profile of BALB/c mice model digestive tract allergy." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953528.
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