Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dioxyde de silicium'
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Htabou, Mohammed. "Caractérisation des électrets formés à partir de dioxyde de silicium." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20242.
Full textSALAUN, MICHEL ANNE-CLAIRE. "Analyse et caracterisation d'interfaces silicium polycristallin/dioxyde de silicium pour des applications a des capacites et des transistors en couches minces." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN10055.
Full textQiu, Kehui. "Transfert de silicium et de carbone entre un gaz CO-SiO-CO2 et un alliage Fe-Si-C : étude de laboratoire." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0301.
Full textLemiti, Mustapha. "Couches de dioxyde de silicium obtenues par dépôt chimique à partir d'une phase gazeuse (C. V. D. ) : élaboration et caractérisation." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19022.
Full textLamy, Manon. "Le dioxyde de titane : un matériau nouveau pour la photonique à 1.55 µm et à 2 µm." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK061/document.
Full textIn the next decades, the limits of current optical communication systems will be reached unless new solutions are adopted. On of them is the use of a new spectral range around 2 µm enabled by the emergence of thulium-doped fiber amplifiers. In this thesis, we will focus on it in the context of very short distances transmissions on photonic chips. Various materials, mainly titanium dioxide (TiO2), will be explored.This thesis work has two main objectives. On the one hand, it aims to demonstrate that a material relatively unexplored, titanium dioxide, is promising for telecom applications by comparing it to more mature plateforms. On the other hand, it tends to introduce the spectral band around 2 µm as a solution to be considered for next-generation communications.More precisely, the first part of this thesis aims to develop a technique to efficiently couple light in TiO2 structures. For the first time, a configuration using a buried metallic grating was evaluated numerically and then characterized experimentally. The second part presents error-free high-speed (10 Gbit/s) telecom transmissions around 2 µm carried out in subwavelength or multimode waveguides in titanium dioxide, silicon or silicon-germanium. Finally, nonlinear functions are explored on the photonic chips. Thus, it has been demonstrated a wavelength conversion at 2 µm reaching -10dB on a silicon waveguide or the first supercontinuum generation spreading from visible to 2 µm wavelength in a TiO2 waveguide
Brémare, Noémie. "Etude expérimentale du rayonnement d'un plasma hyperenthalpique de dioxyde de carbone et de l'interaction plasma-surface." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUES036.
Full textThe hypersonic entry of a vehicle into Mars atmosphere leads to the formation of a shock wave in front of the spacecraft wall. A non-equilibrium and high enthalpy plasma is created in the shock layer and strongly radiative species are present (CO2, CO, C2, CN, O. . . ). The radiative flux has to be estimated accurately in order to protect the vehicule during a future Mars human flight. The purpose of this work is to understand the physical chemistry of plasma thermodynamic conditions closed to the wall during a Mars entry. Those conditions are reproduced with an inductively coupled plasma torch. Two aerodynamic configurations are studied : the freestream and the interaction between the plasma jet and a SiC sample (non-ablative material). A thermal and a chemical boundary layers are identified. The characterization of radiative species is made by emission spectroscopy. The behaviour of CO, C2, C and O is exposed and the translation temperature is estimated. The study of radiation shows that equilibrium is not reached in the freestream between excitation modes of radiating states on the one hand and translation on the other hand. Production of excited states are exposed and discussed in details. Surface analysis and emission spectroscopy show carbon presence on the sample coming from SiC oxidation. Bubbles over the silica layer are observed and were already described in the literature. Due to those structures, the oxidation regime is found to be at the transition between passive and active
Follegot, Jean-Pierre. "Développement de techniques d'analyse électrique et électro-optique des dispositifs MOS." Lyon, INSA, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ISAL0033.
Full textPansiot, Julien. "Élaboration, caractérisation et modélisation de nouvelles varistances à base de dioxyde d’étain." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10032.
Full textMany investigations have been conducted on semiconductive ceramics with a tin dioxide matrix, particularly in the high electric field and high current density ranges. The sintering process has been optimized, in order to obtain compounds with electrical properties compatible with the varistor application. Among the many dopants studied, two elements produced a remarkable electrical behavior. By doping SnO2 grains with Aluminium (III) allows an increase of their apparent conductivity and hence, widens the working range of tin oxide based compounds, up to the ZnO varistors ones. It appears that the silicium is located on the grain boundaries in the ceramic microstructure. This element reduces strongly the effective surface of the grain boundaries and causes an important diminution of the varistors working range. Simultaneously, the current-voltage behavior appears to be like those observed for a Zener diode, with non-linearity coefficients higher than 100 and nearly ideal variation profiles. The conduction modelling in the SnO2-SnO2 grain boundary area reflects that these ceramics present theoretically a higher potential than ZnO based ceramics, due to a wider SnO2 bandgap. A brief technico-economical comparison has been proposed in order to highlight the competitiveness between the two materials for the varistor applications
Guilbert, Sébastien René Charles. "Les cellules solaires photovoltaiques : optimisation et extension des cellules au silicium amorphe : préparation à l'introduction de nouvelles technologies." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-363.pdf.
Full textDemarne, Vincent. "Réalisation d'un capteur de gaz intégré sur silicium : étude des mécanismes physicochimiques liés au fonctionnement de ces capteurs, dans le cas de couches minces de dioxyde d'étain pur et dopé /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1991. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=934.
Full textJohn, Jimmy. "VO2 nanostructures for dynamically tunable nanophotonic devices." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI044.
Full textInformation has become the most valuable commodity in the world. This drive to the new information age has been propelled by the ability to transmit information faster, at the speed of light. This erupted the need for finer researches on controlling the information carriers more efficiently. With the advancement in this sector, majority of the current technology for controlling the light, face certain roadblocks like size, power consumption and are built to be passive or are restrained technologically to be less active (Si- backed technology). Even though nothing travels faster than light, the real speed at which information can be carried by light is the speed at which we can modulate or control it. My task in this thesis aimed at investigating the potential of VO2, a phase change material, for nano-photonics, with a specific emphasis on how to circumvent the drawbacks of the material and to design and demonstrate efficient integrated devices for efficient manipulation of light both in telecommunication and visible spectrum. In addition to that we experimentally demonstrate the multipolar resonances supported by VO2 nanocrystals (NCs) can be dynamically tuned and switched leveraging phase change property of VO2. And thus achieving the target tailoring of intrinsic property based on Mie formalism by reducing the dimensions of VO2 structures comparable to the wavelength of operation, creating a scope for user defined tunable metamaterial
Godou, Timothé. "Mimer la chimie des hydrosilanes et hydroboranes par l’activation catalytique de dérivés silylés et borés de l’acide formique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS307/document.
Full textGlobal energy needs are mostly covered by the use of fossil fuels such as oil, coal or gas. The use of these fossil resources in the field of energy or the chemical industry causes a high accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere and causes climatic disturbances. In addition to posing a major ecological problem, these fossil resources are not renewable and will pose a problem of availability in the long term. To overcome these difficulties, one possible solution is to limit or even stop the use of fossil resources in favor of renewable carbon sources such as CO2 or biomass. These resources could be used as a source of chemicals and / or storage of intermittent energies. These uses require the conversion of oxygenates with C=O (such as CO2) and C–O (such as biomass) and require energy input into reduction reactions. Few reducers are compatible with this use which requires the use of compounds both renewable and having a redox potential adapted to the reduction of C–O bonds. These are essentially dihydrogen and formic acid. In this context, this doctoral work aims to define and meet the specifications of a renewable reducer. In the first place, the use of silyl formates is explored, through reactions mimicking the behavior of hydrosilanes. This strategy is used in dehydrogenating coupling reactions and for the reduction of ketones by transfer hydrosilylation. Finally, this concept is transposed to transfer hydroboration with the use of boryl mono formate compounds and a catalyst involving a participative ligand. The boryl and silyl formates thus appear as attractive renewable reducers, which combine a source of renewable hydride (formic acid) with an oxophilic element of the main group whose stereo-electronic properties are easily adjustable
Chauvier, Clément. "Nouvelles réactions d'hydroboration et d'hydrosilylation par transfert avec des réducteurs renouvelables à base d'acide formique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS359/document.
Full textThe utilization of cheap and abundant sustainable resources such as carbon dioxide or biomass derivatives as source of fuel and chemicals imposes the development of efficient reduction methods, able to promote the conversion of C-O bonds (π and σ) into C-H bonds in an energy and atom efficient manner. Within the realm of C-O reduction methods, the utilization of main group element-based hydrides (e.g. LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄) has proven highly beneficial in terms of selectivity and versatility in the reduction of various functional groups, including poorly electrophilic CO₂. This behavior not only stems from the positive kinetic attributes of these reductants in hydride transfer reactions but also from the oxophilicity of the main group elements that ensures the reductions are downhill processes. Yet, the latter appealing features comes at an energetic price, and the preparation of main group hydrides mainly relies on energy-demanding processes, which in turn limit the recyclability of these reductants. With the goal in mind to circumvent these limitations while preserving the beneficial properties of the main-group element during reduction, one of the major objectives of the research project presented therein was to study the unknown reductive chemistry of boryl formate and silyl formates. The latter indeed combine a renewable hydride source (formic acid can be obtained by 2e electroreduction of CO₂) linked directly to the main group element by the oxygen atom of the formate, which hints at the recyclability of this class of main group element-based reductants. Through a joint experimental and theoretical study, it will be demonstrated that these compounds can advantageously replace non-renewable hydroboranes or hydrosilanes in various reducing processes, which will be unified behind the more general concept of transfer hydroelementation
Char, Joëlle. "Nouvelles réactions de couplages des organosilanes pour la synthèse d’esters à partir du CO₂ et de sulfones à partir du SO₂." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS262/document.
Full textCross coupling reactions are well studied reactions and their development was awarded a Nobel price. These reactions aim at coupling organometallic nucleophiles and electrophiles compounds and are the best way to form a little to none polarized bond such as C–C and C–S bond. They however make use of strong nucleophiles, decreasing their selectivity and tolerance. On one hand, among all available nucleophiles, organosilanes are very attractive because of their abundance, selectivity, stability and tolerance towards functional groups, they are also less toxic, easy to handle, and cheap. Their use though is a challenge because of their lower reactivity. On the other hand, for the sake of increasing the atom economy of a reaction, carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the best source of carbon and ester functional group; and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is the best source of sulfur and sulfone functional group. In this manuscript, we herein report several coupling reactions between organosilanes giving a direct access to esters from CO₂ and to sulfones from SO₂. Experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to develop a coupling reaction between arylsilanes, CO₂ and alkyl halides catalyzed by a copper(I) complex. SO₂ being more electrophilic and more nucleophilic, is used in a catalyzed less coupling reaction with arylsilanes and alkyl halides and in a coupling reaction with allylsilanes and aryl halides catalyzed by a palladium(II) complex, known as sulfonylating Hiyama coupling
Alba, Martín María. "Silicon dioxide microstructures based on macroporous silicon for biomedical applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285331.
Full textEn esta tesis hemos desarrollado materiales microestructurados basados en silicio macroporoso, centrándonos en la producción de plataformas y partículas para su aplicación en biomedicina. El silicio macroporoso se forma por ataque electroquímico de silicio en electrolitos basados en ácido fluorhídrico. Se fabricaron muestras de silicio macroporoso ordenado y aleatorio. Con un proceso litográfico, se puede crear un patrón prediseñado en el silicio, y así definir los puntos de nucleación y conseguir poros con un crecimiento ordenado y un diámetro uniforme. La óxidación térmica del silicio macroporoso permite la formación de nuevas estructuras, como micropilares de SiO2. El SiO2 es normalmente aceptado como un material biocompatible. A pesar de esto, utilizamos la espectroscopía infraroja para realizar una caracterización exhaustiva y una modificación adecuada de la química de superficie orientada hacia la conjugación de biomoleculas. La peculiar arquitectura de estos sustratos permitió la creación de partículas multifuncionales con una doble functionalización selectiva en las caras interior y exterior. Estas microestructuras fueron concebidas como materiales para el transporte de fármacos. Así pues, estas micropartículas de SiO2 fueron propuestas como sistemas de liberación de fármacos por control de pH cuando se combinan con polielectrolitos sensibles al pH. Finalmente, la doble funcionalización fue explotada para crear micropartículas multifunctionales para la liberación de fármacos dirigida hacia células diana. La viabilidad del sistema fue probada con células cancerígenas in vitro.
This thesis has explored the fabrication of silicon oxide (SiO2) microstructures based on macroporous silicon (macro-pSi), with a focus on producing suitable platforms and particles for application in biomedicine. Macroporous silicon was formed by the electrochemical etching of low doped p-type silicon in hydrofluoric acid based solutions. Both random and ordered structures were fabricated. A patterning lithography prior etching led to an ordered pore nucleation and consequently tubular structures of uniform size were produced. Thermal oxidation of macro-pSi allowed the formation of novel structures such as SiO2 micropillars, with identical arrangement and dimensions of those in the preceding macro-pSi. SiO2 is generally accepted as a biocompatible material; nevertheless, a methodical study of the surface chemistry and its modification was performed by infrared (IR) spectroscopy to generate surfaces capable of interfacing with living cells. The particular architecture of these substrates allowed creating multifunctional particles with a selective dual functionality in nanometrically separated internal and external sides. We also foresaw these microstuctured materials as drug carriers. Thus, SiO2 microparticles were proposed as pH-controlled drug delivery system when they are combined with pH-responsive polyelectrolytes. Finally, a dual-functionalization of the inner/outer sides was employed for creating multifunctional microparticles, which were demonstrated to be cancer-targeted in in vitro tests.
Wiktor, Julia. "Identification of equilibrium and irradiation-induced defects in nuclear ceramics : electronic structure calculations of defect properties and positron annihilation characteristics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4050.
Full textDuring in-pile irradiation the fission of actinide nuclei causes the creation of large amounts of defects, which affect the physical and chemical properties of materials inside the reactor, in particular the fuel and structural materials. Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) can be used to characterize irradiation induced defects, empty or containing fission products. This non-destructive experimental technique involves detecting the radiation generated during electron-positron annihilation in a sample and deducing the properties of the material studied. As positrons get trapped in open volume defects in solids, by measuring their lifetime and momentum distributions of the annihilation radiation, one can obtain information on the open and the chemical environments of the defects. In this work electronic structure calculations of positron annihilation characteristics were performed using two-component density functional theory (TCDFT). To calculate the momentum distributions of the annihilation radiation, we implemented the necessary methods in the open-source ABINIT program. The theoretical results have been used to contribute to the identification of the vacancy defects in two nuclear ceramics, silicon carbide (SiC) and uranium dioxide (UO2)
Bazinette, Rémy. "Effet de la forme d'excitation électrique sur une décharge contrôlée par barrière diélectrique (dbd) à la pression atmosphérique et application au dépôt de couche mince." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3009/document.
Full textThe homogeneous discharge controlled by dielectric barrier at atmospheric pressure and their applications are a promising field of activity because of their advantages in contrast with the low pressure processes, especially for the on line treatment of large surface without pumping system. The physics of these discharges as the thin film properties obtained are well established with low frequency sinusoidal (<200 kHz) and radiofrequency excitation (13.56MHz). This is what is explored in this thesis aimed to find and explore new modes of homogeneous DBD and maximizing the power to optimize the deposition rate while maintaining quality thin layers. To achieve this goal, an original device has been developed varying the excitation frequency from 100 kHz to 18 MHz. The frequency increase on this range have many consequences. In an Ar-NH3 mixture, the discharge regime becomes successively a glow (GDBD) then Townsend (TDBD) around 250 kHz then RF-DBD from 3 MHz. The electrical and optical measurements that have been done show that the average power of the homogeneous discharges increases by a factor of 30 between GDBD regime and RF-DBD regime (up to 35 W/cm3) while the breakdown voltage is reduced by a factor 6. These observations coupled to the discharge emission spectra indicate that the electron density increases by several orders of magnitude while their energy decreases. These results are due to a change of the ionization mechanism with a dominant role of the secondary electron emission at the cathode in low frequency regime (GDBD and TDBD) while the volume ionization is dominate in RF-DBD. Both transitions between GDBD-TDBD regimes and TDBD-RF-DBD are studied. The first is related to the ion transit from the anode to the cathode which becomes longer than the half-period. In consequence, the cathode fall is not formed. The second transition is related to ions and electrons trapping which depends on the applied voltage, the value of the inter-electrode space and frequency.These discharges regime are compared to Nanopulsed repetitively discharge (NPR-DBD). The conditions leading to a homogeneous discharge are found. In homogeneous regime the maximum of the discharge power is 17 W/cm3 which is 17 times higher than for a low sinusoidal voltage for the same frequency. It is obtained for a repetition frequency of 30 kHz with a 10 ns voltage pulse. Hydrogenated silica and silicon nitride thin film obtained from SiH4 with GDBD, RF-DBD and NPR-DBD were studied. In all cases, the deposition rate is defined by the discharge power. The increase of the discharge power with the frequency increases the deposition rate from 30 nm/min to 90 nm/min. However with the use of silane at room temperature, nanoparticles are formed in RF regime when the discharge power is high. The amplitude modulation allows to prevent the formation of powders. AS far as the energy injected during Ton is less than 100 μJ. As the precursors are not consumed by the formation of powders, they are available for the growth of the layer thereby doubling the deposition rate compared to the continuous process for the same average power. Increasing the growth rate without powders with the average power requires an increase in the modulation frequency (> 1 kHz) i.e. a short Ton to limit the injected energy. Thus this work has highlighted a new discharge regime, the TDBD in Ar-NH3 and compared the GDBD, TDBD, RF-DBD and NRP-DBD discharge in the same configuration. For the first time, RF-DBD coating have been made and it has been shown that modulation of plasma, although it decreases the discharge power, can significantly increase the deposition rate
Cuko, Andy. "Modelling Nano-Oxide Materials with Technological and Environmental Relevance: Silica, Titania and Titanosilicates." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663088.
Full textEs bien sabido que las propiedades de los nanomateriales dependen del tamaño y son muy diferentes de las del correspondiente cristal, o bulk. Tal comportamiento, que depende fuertemente del sistema y de la estructura, permite ajustar las propiedades del material variando sus dimensiones. Esta flexibilidad abre muchas posibilidades en nanotecnología para la fabricación de materiales con propiedades adaptadas para aplicaciones específicas. Por lo tanto, comprender las propiedades dependientes del tamaño de las nanopartículas y los mecanismos que tienen lugar a escala nanométrica es fundamental para la mejora de los materiales existentes, diseñándolos más eficientes y optimizados. Sin embargo, la síntesis de nanomateriales y su caracterización experimental es difícil, especialmente para tamaños muy pequeños. Aquí, la modelización teórica juega un papel fundamental en la caracterización de pequeñas nanopartículas, tanto para ayudar a la interpretación experimental como para predecir materiales novedosos y potencialmente sintetizables con nuevas propiedades. En esta tesis nos enfocamos en el modelado de materiales basados en titania, sílice y titanosilicates debido a su importancia tecnológica y ambiental, ya que se emplean en (foto-)catálisis heterogénea, electrónica y detección de gases, por citar algunos. Para tales sistemas, primero realizamos estudios de optimización global de agregados en fase de gas y en presencia de agua para identificar las estructuras de las nanopartículas. En segundo lugar, estudiamos las propiedades estructurales, energéticas y electrónicas dependientes del tamaño de tales nanopartículas, así como su reducibilidad, extrapolando hasta el nivel macroscópico en algunos casos. Para tal caracterización utilizamos métodos mecano-cuánticos precisos basados en la Teoría del Funcional de la Densidad (DFT). Nuestros resultados apuntan a una serie de predicciones importantes, como por ejemplo: (i) se predice que la cristalinidad de las nanopartículas de titania, que es la propiedad clave para la fotoactividad de dicho material, emerge cuando las nanopartículas llegan a tamaños de 2.0-2.5 nm; (ii) la mezcla de titania y sílice para formar titanosilicatos, que son una clase importante de materiales utilizados en la industria como catalizadores, se considera que es termodinámicamente favorable a escala nanométrica, contrariamente al material cristalino; (iii) la hidratación de nanoagregados de sílice y titania, que juega un papel importante en el proceso de agregación y nucleación durante la síntesis de las nanopartículas más grandes, está controlada por factores ambientales como la temperatura y presión de vapor de agua según los diagramas de fase calculados; iv) la formación de vacantes de oxígeno, que es un indicador de la reducibilidad del sistema, resulta ser energéticamente menos costosa en pequeños agregados de nanosílice que de nanotitania, que es lo contrario de lo que ocurre al nivel macroscópico. Con nuestro trabajo, esperamos inspirar estudios experimentales para abordar la síntesis de nuevos materiales de titanosilicatos con propiedades potencialmente mejoradas mediante el uso de nanopartículas predichas aquí como bloques de construcción.
Pic, Axel. "Numerical and experimental investigations of self-heating phenomena in 3D Hybrid Bonding imaging technologies." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI054.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, self-heating phenomena are studied for guiding the design of next-generation 3D Integrated Circuits (ICs). By means of experimental and numerical investigations, associated heat dissipation in 3D Hybrid Bonding imagers is analyzed and the impact of the resulting temperature rise is evaluated. First, in order to develop accurate models, the thermal properties of materials used in ICs are to be determined. Different dielectric thin films involving oxides, nitrides, and low-k compounds are investigated. To do so, Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) and the 3ω electrothermal method, sensitive to low and large effective thermal conductivity, are implemented. In a second step, finiteelement models of 3D ICs are developed. A numerical method involving homogenization and a multiscale approach is proposed to overcome the large aspect ratios inherent in microelectronics. The numerical procedure is validated by comparing calculations and experimental measurements performed with SThM, resistive thermometry and infrared microscopy on a simplified Hybrid Bonding test chip. It is shown that heat dissipation is mainly limited by the heat sink conductance and the losses through air. Finally, numerical and experimental studies are performed on fully-functional 3D Hybrid Bonding imagers. The temperature field is measured with SThM and compared with finite-element computations at the die surface. The numerical results show that the temperature of the pixel surface is equal to that of the imager Front-End-Of-Line. The influence of the temperature rise on the optical performance of the imager is deduced from the analysis. The study also allows assessing the various numerical and experimental methods for characterizing heat dissipation in microelectronics
Hübner, René. "Dünne tantalbasierte Diffusionsbarrieren für die Kupfer-Leitbahntechnologie: Thermische Stabilität, Ausfallmechanismen und Einfluss auf die Mikrostruktur des Metallisierungsmaterials." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1102329038515-23539.
Full textDamour, Dominique. "Propargyltriméthylsilanes omega -fonctionnels précurseurs d'hétérocycles à groupe vinykidène." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2309.
Full textCarrier, Pierre. "Étude théorique des propriétés électroniques et optiques des super-réseaux de Si/SiO2." Thèse, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/691.
Full textENGLISH: The observation of intense luminescence in Si/SiO2 superlattices has opened up new vistas in theoretical research, with a view to fabricate Si-based devices suitable for optoelectronic applications. Crystalline silicon has an indirect energy gap that makes this material less competitive compared to other luminescent materials. The fabrication of silicon-based luminescent materials would thus provide multiple applications in the future. Three achievements are presented in this work. (a) Several Si/SiO2 superlattice models have been constructed and studied within a first-principles framework in order to evaluate their structural, electronic and optical properties. The first two models are derived from crystalline phases of silicon and silicon dioxide. From these models, the interfaces are shown to play a significant role on their optical properties. New structurally-relaxed models have thus been constructed in order to satisfy more closely the interface topology and evaluate accurately the confinement effects on their optical properties. (b) Direct bandgaps are obtained in the structurally-relaxed models. Their absorption coefficient has been calculated (by applying the Fermi Golden rule) and compared to that of bulk Si, giving a clear demonstration of the enhanced absorption (and emission) properties of Si confined systems, compared to bulk Si. A blueshift with increased confinement has been confirmed. Furthermore, the precise role of suboxide Si atoms at the interfaces has been investigated. These suboxides are shown to have two main effects: (i) increase slightly the energy gap; (ii) reduce the dispersion in the band structure near the Fermi level. (c) A direct application of the Slater transition state theory applied to crystalline silicon has been performed and compared to X-Ray near-edge absorption spectroscopy measurements. The Slater transition state theory constitutes a subset of the density functional theory for ensembles. Very good agreement between this theory and the experiment is obtained. This type of calculations has been applied to the Si/SiO2 superlattices in order to estimate and characterize the electronic properties of the confined region in the conduction bands.
DAI, HONG-CHANG, and 戴鴻昌. "Study of cobalt silicide gate electrodes on silicon dioxide in VLSI circuit." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81421644187588121279.
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