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Pehar, DrazÌŒen. "Language, power, law : groundwork for the theory of diplomatic ambiguity." Thesis, Keele University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423426.
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Johansson, Gustav. "La diplomatie publique : une comparaison entre la France et la Suède." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5610.
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Dans la mondialisation d’aujourd’hui et dans un monde plus démocratique et ouvert, la diplomatie publique est devenue un sujet qui suscite de plus en plus d’intérêt. Selon Anholt, un analyste de société anglais, tous les gouvernements doivent, pour le compte du peuple, des institutions et des entreprises, développer une stratégie pour améliorer et fortifier la perception du pays. La théorie utilisée est celle d’Anholt appelée Nation branding où il applique une théorie commerciale dans le monde des sciences politiques et sociales en comparant les pays aux marques commerciales. Dans ce mémoire, en utilisant les méthodes de l’étude du corpus et l’entretien, je compare les stratégies et les objectifs de la diplomatie publique de la France et de la Suède. Après avoir fait un inventaire des cinq grandes voies de promouvoir un pays à l’extérieur et après avoir regardé les stratégies actuelles des deux pays, on trouve de nombreuses similarités, surtout dans les stratégies des cinq voies de promouvoir un pays. Les différences se trouvent ailleurs. Par exemple la Suède n’hésite pas à comparer l’image du pays avec une marque commerciale selon la théorie de Nation branding tandis que la France est plus hésitante, mais le nouveau ministre des Affaires étrangères et européennes en France est favorable à la notion. D’autre part, j’ai pu constater que l’optique suédoise de la diplomatie publique correspond plutôt à une volonté de placer la Suède sur la scène mondiale et d’instaurer un sentiment de good will tandis que la France souhaite avant tout sauvegarder son rang de puissance mondiale et considère la position forte de sa langue comme une condition nécessaire pour ce faire. L’action culturelle extérieure suédoise s’organise surtout depuis la Suède, parce que la Suède n’a pas de réseau culturel comparable à celui de la France. La mise en place du Conseil de la promotion de l’image de la Suède dans le monde permet partiellement de contrer la grandeur de la France.
In the globalization of today, in a more democratic and open world, public diplomacy has become a subject that gets more and more attention. According to Anholt, a British social analyst, all governments should, on behalf of the people, the institutions and the companies, develop a strategy to improve and strengthen the perception of the country. The theory applied is Anholt’s Nation Branding where he uses the ideas of branding for the public diplomacy of a country. He likes to compare countries to commercial brands. The aim of this minor thesis is to compare the strategies and objectives of the public diplomacy of today in France and Sweden. To reach my conclusions I have collected information from Anholt’s books of Nation branding and from the official websites of the different national administrations. I also made interviews with people involved in the matter. There are five ways to communicate the image of a country abroad. France and Sweden have similar strategies within these fields. The differences are to be found, foremost in the way of talking about the country as a brand and the value of Nation Branding. It’s a part of the Swedish strategy while the French are more reluctant. At the same time, the French minister of foreign and European affairs, Kouchner, seems to be influenced by the ideas behind Nation Branding. I have also come to the conclusion that the aim of the Swedish public diplomacy regards primary to place Sweden on the world map and to create a sense of good will while the main priority of France is to stay a leading world nation and considers the language aspect very important to do so. The Swedish cultural diplomacy is organized at the head office in Stockholm while the French have an immense network of cultural institutes. As Sweden is not represented worldwide, the Swedish solution is a national council of international representations that work together to form a strategy to promote Sweden.
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Stark, Jessica. "A contribution to the characterisation of English for diplomacy : language, discourse and culture in the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the U.S. Department of State." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0017.
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Cette thèse vise à contribuer à la description des langues spécialisées en anglais de spécialité en proposant une caractérisation de l’anglais de la diplomatie au sein du Foreign and Commonwealth Office britannique et du Département d’État américain. Nous adoptons une perspective pluridisciplinaire afin d’explorer les liens entre discours, langue et culture diplomatiques, et de déterminer les fondements de la spécialisation diplomatique professionnelle. La première partie présente une théorie des langues spécialisées qui appartient à un paradigme de recherche spécifique à l’étude de ces variétés de langue. Ce cadre théorique étudie les langues spécialisées comme des objets en soi, indépendamment de tout contexte pédagogique. La théorie est appliquée au domaine professionnel de la diplomatie et associée à une méthodologie tripartite conçue pour situer le discours diplomatique spécialisé dans son contexte pragmatique et culturel.La deuxième partie se concentre sur les genres du discours qui caractérisent la communauté spécialisée diplomatique britannique et américaine ; elle comporte une typologie générale de ces genres et deux études de corpus du mémoire diplomatique et du télégramme diplomatique. La dernière partie de la thèse analyse le lexique diplomatique à travers une étude diachronique des efforts de normalisation lexicographique dans le domaine, ainsi qu’une caractérisation des termes diplomatiques contemporains en anglais. La culture diplomatique est ensuite envisagée à partir d’une enquête sociologique qui s’intéresse aux pratiques discursives au sein du Foreign and Commonwealth Office et s’appuie sur une série d’entretiens qualitatifsThis thesis aims to contribute to the description of specialised languages in English for Specific Purposes research by characterising English for diplomacy within the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the U.S. State Department. We adopt a multidisciplinary perspectiveto explore the interplay between specialised diplomatic discourse, language and culture and to determine the foundations of professional diplomatic specialisation.Part one presents a theory of specialised languages belonging to a specific research paradigm related to specialised language study, which sees specialised languages as objects for characterisation that are separate from a given pedagogical context. This theory is applied to the professional domain of diplomacy and associated with a tripartite methodology designed to situate specialised diplomatic discourse in its pragmatic and cultural context.Part two focuses on the characteristic discourse genres of the British and American diplomatic community, and includes a general genre typology and two corpus-based studies of the diplomatic memoir and the diplomatic cable. The final part of the thesis analyses diplomatic lexisthrough a diachronic study of lexicographical normalisation efforts in the diplomatic field, and an overview of contemporary diplomatic terms in English. Diplomatic culture is then envisaged from the vantage point of a sociological enquiry into discursive practices in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, based on a series of qualitative interviews
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Mota, Ana Claudia de Ataide Almeida. "Documentos avulsos do Convento da Lapa (Salvador, Bahia, séculos XVIII e XIX): Edição e estudo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-19102011-125754/.
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A presente dissertação apresenta a edição semidiplomática de documentos eclesiásticos, manuscritos entre meados do século XVIII e fim do XIX, provenientes do Convento de Nossa Senhora da Conceição da Lapa, localizado em Salvador Bahia. Este estudo visa fornecer fonte fidedigna para futuros estudos filológicos, históricos, culturais, religiosos e linguísticos do período. O corpus é constituído de 63 (sessenta e três) fólios avulsos, totalizando um conjunto de 46 (quarenta e seis) documentos. Para complementar a edição, apresenta-se a contextualização histórica dos documentos, detalhando a vida monacal das religiosas que possuem a guarda da documentação. Também aborda-se o estudo dos aspectos codicológicos, diplomáticos e paleográficos. Elaboraram-se os verbetes de cada documento, adaptando-os segundo o estudo apresentado pelo Projeto Resgate. As fichas com a descrição codicológica dos documentos estudados organizam e apresentam os principais elementos sobre a materialidade do corpus. O estudo paleográfico apresenta um quadro contrastivo entre a escrita dos cinco punhos mais variáveis no corpus. Esse corpus é relevante para o estudo da história do período, da instituição e representativo do estado de língua da época.This thesis presents a semidiplomatic edition of Church documents, manuscripts from the mid eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, from the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Conceição da Lapa, Salvador Bahia. This study aims to provide a reliable source for future philological studies, historical, cultural, religious and linguistic studies of the period. The corpus is constitued of 63 (sixty three) loose folios, totaling a set of 46 (forty six) documents. Complementing the issue, it presents the historical context of the documents. It also addresses the study aspects of aspects codicological, diplomatic and paleography. Were of each document was studies elabored, adapting them acording studies of the study presented by the Projeto Resgate. The codicological chips organize and present the main elements that detail the mateariality of the corpus of each item, besides the description of the origin of the paper, etc. The palaeographic study presents the picture of five wrists, which deals with the contrastive of the spelling of period in question. This corpus is relevant to the study of the history of the period, the institution and representative of state language studies of the time.
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Vikström, Niclas. "“[E]en strict offensive och defensive alliance” and “the danger this King and the 2 Queens were in” : News Reporting in Early Modern Swedish and English Diplomatic Correspondence." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-147378.
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The study of early cross-linguistic diplomatic epistolography was first introduced in Brownlees' (2012) comparative study of Italian and English personal newsletters. Given the field’s young age and the strong need for both further research and the retrieving of new, untranscribed and unanalysed data, the present study set out to help move this field forward by examining, at both a textual superstructure and semantic macrostructural level, two sets of unchartered diplomatic newsletters which representatives at foreign courts despatched back to their respective home countries. The first set of original manuscripts comprises periodical newsletters which Baron Christer Bonde, the Swedish ambassador-extraordinary to England, wrote to Charles X, King of Sweden, between 1655-6, whereas the second set consists of letters sent in 1680 by John Robinson, England’s chargé d’affaires in Sweden, to Sir Leoline Jenkins, Secretary of State for the Northern Department of England. The analysis has shown that whereas the textual superstructures of the two diplomats’ correspondences remain similarly robust, the instantiating semantic macrostructures display not only stylistic and compositional, but also narrative, variation.
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Scarpa, Alice Duarte. "Técnicas de processamento de linguagem natural aplicadas às ciências sociais." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19107.
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The vast amount of documents available nowadays presents a great opportunity for advancing Political Sciences. At the same time, this deluge of information poses a problem, because it is no longer feasible for researchers to analyze every document manually. Modern natural language processing techniques have an essential role in helping with this process. The goal of this work is to create a tool based on natural language processing techniques that helps researchers to navigate an important database, Cablegate, which is a corpus of over 250 thousand diplomatic cables sent between US embassies that was published as part of WikiLeaks. This is a very important database that can shed new light at key historical moments of the twenty-first century.
A enorme quantidade de documentos disponíveis atualmente representa um grande potencial de avanço para as Ciências Políticas. Ao mesmo tempo essa riqueza de informações gera um problema, pois não é mais possível que pesquisadores analisem todos os documentos manualmente. Técnicas modernas de processamento de linguagem natural têm um papel essencial a cumprir para auxiliar tal avanço. O objetivo desse trabalho é criar uma ferramenta baseada em processamento de linguagem de natural que ajude pesquisadores a navegar uma base de dados muito importante, o \textit{Cablegate}, que é um conjunto de mais de 250 mil cabos diplomáticos de embaixadas dos Estados Unidos que foi publicado como parte do \textit{WikiLeaks}. Essa é uma base muito importante que pode trazer uma nova luz sobre vários momentos-chave do início do século XXI.
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Ngouaka-Tsoumou, André Ludovic. "La diplomatie francophone." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_ngouaka_a.pdf.
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Les incertitudes de la mondialisation libérale dans les relations internationales, ont renforcé la prudence et la réserve dans l’opinion francophone répandue sur les cinq continents et structurée dans un grand ensemble géoculturel composé aujourd’hui de 70 pays. C’est la Francophonie politique. Elle se dévoile comme le pôle de la diversité, l’antidote de la pensée unique. C’est "une autre mondialisation", une autre façon de gérer les relations internationales, respectueuse de la dialectique de l’identité et de l’altérité. On nommera cela, faute d’autre appellation, "la Diplomatie francophone": une diplomatie de la rupture avec l’immobilisme en ce qu’elle s’adapte aux grandes mutations historiques. Sous-tendue par une volonté politique affirmée, elle dispose des atouts qui sont une première dans l’histoire des O. I. Géoculturelles. La diversité culturelle, le dialogue des cultures et la solidarité érigés en autres principes du Droit diplomatique relèvent d’une prouesse que l’on doit à la stratégie diplomatique francophone, donnant ainsi à la Francophonie une position d’influence spécifique et utile dans la mondialisation. Position qui consiste à s’afficher comme une communauté de valeurs, mais bien plus, à jouer sur le terrain le rôle de contrepoids de la vision uniformisatrice et unipolaire de la mondialisation non maîtrisée. "La diplomatie francophone" n’est pas une chimère. C’est une diplomatie d’une union géoculturelle qui, partageant la même langue, le français, fait du dialogue un outil de paix, de prévention des conflits et de la médiation internationale. C’est une diplomatie attractive et d’influence au service de grandes idées humanistes pour la construction d’une communauté internationale équilibrée et solidaireThe uncertainties of the liberal globalization in the international relations, reinforced prudence and the reserve in the French-speaking opinion widespread on the five continents and structured in a great geo-cultural unit today composed of 70 countries. That’s the political "Francophonie". It’s revealed like the pole of diversity, the antidote of the unique thinking. It’s "another globalization", another way of managing the international relations, respectful of the dialectic of identity and otherness. One will name that, for lack of another name, "the Francophone diplomacy": diplomacy of the rupture with the opposition to progress in what it adapts to the great historical changes. Underlain by an affirmed political will, it has the assets which are a first in geo-cultural international organisations history. The cultural diversity, the dialogue of the cultures and solidarity set up in other principles of the diplomatic Right concern a prowess that one must with the French-speaking diplomatic strategy, thus giving to the Francophonie position of a specific and useful influence in globalization. Position that consists in showing itself as a community of values, but much more, in playing the function of the standardized and “unipolar” view counterweight of uncontrolled globalization. "Francophone diplomacy" is not a dream. It is a diplomacy of a geo-cultural union which, sharing the same language, French, makes dialogue a tool of peace, conflicts prevention and international mediation. It’s a gravitational diplomacy and of influence to the service of great humanistic ideas for the construction of a balanced and interdependent international community
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Flesia, Magali. "Le langage diplomatique : dire et écrire, convaincre et agir : Les lettres de Piero Soderini et Cosimo dei Pazzi en France (1498-1499) Édition critique et commentée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3130/document.
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Les documents retranscrits dans ce travail sont inédits. Il s’agit de 128 lettres manuscrites conservées à l’Archivio di Stato de Florence dans les fonds Signori, Dieci di Balia, Otto di Pratica, Cart. Legazioni e commissarie, missive e responsive 31, Dieci di Balia, Cart. Responsive 57 et 59 et Signori, Cart. Responsive 10 à 14. Piero Soderini et Cosimo dei Pazzi, envoyés en ambassade en France auprès de Louis XII, écrivent à la République du Lys entre le 16 juillet 1498 et le 8 octobre 1499. Le contenu de leurs plis a été retranscrit d’après des critères de modernisation précis. L’apparat critique permet de souligner d’éventuelles erreurs et offre une comparaison des différentes versions retrouvées, lorsque cela est le cas. Les notes explicatives apportent des éclaircissements d’ordre linguistique et des précisions sur l’identité des personnages dont il est question, sur les lieux mentionnés ou les événements auxquels il est fait référence. L’étude de ce recueil nous permet d’affirmer que l’écriture d’ambassade, outil de la République, est représentative du langage politique qui naît et se développe dès la chute des Médicis, en 1494. Elle est un moyen de dire la politique, dans le principal but de convaincre pour agir. Le langage diplomatique est l’expression d’une langue commune aux historiographes ou historiens contemporains, aux écrits de chancellerie ou encore aux œuvres théoriques de MachiavelDocuments transcribed in this work are unpublished. They are 128 handwritten letters preserved in the Archivio di Stato of Florence in the funds Signori, Dieci di Balia, Otto di Pratica, Cart. Legazioni e commissarie, missive e responsive 31, Dieci di Balia, Cart. Responsive 57 and 59 and Signori, Cart. Responsive 10 to 14. Piero Soderini and Cosimo dei Pazzi, sent in embassy in France to Louis XIIth king of France, write to the Republic of Florence between the July 16, 1498 and theOctober 8, 1499. The content of their letters has been transcribed thanks to specific criteria of modernization. The critical apparatus helps to point out prospective errors and offers a comparison of the different versions found, when such is the case. The explanatory notes provide a clarification of language and details concerning the identity of the characters cited or on the places and events mentioned. Thanks to this study we can say that the embassy writing, tool of the Republic, is representative of the political language that was born and developed after the overthrow of the Medici dynasty in 1494. It is a way of saying policy, whose main purpose is to convince in order to act. The diplomatic language is the expression of a language shared by contemporary historians, the writings of Chancery and the theoretical works of Machiavelli
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Nabert, Nathalie. "Les réseaux d'alliance en diplomatie aux XIVe et XVe siècles /." Paris : H. Champion, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371807661.
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Hunter, Linsey. "Charter diplomatics and norms of landholding and lordship between the Humber and Forth, c.1066-c.1250." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3096.
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This thesis closely analyses the linguistic forms of aspects of non-royal charters produced c.1066-c.1250 in the north-east of England and the south-east of Scotland, namely, consent, joint grants, separate confirmations, inheritance language, leaseholds and warranty. This study identifies the preferred forms of each studied aspect as well as variants, developments and alternatives and analyses them according to a clear chronological framework and other potential causal factors such as the status and gender of participants, location and grant type. Additionally, the spread of linguistic patterns throughout the studied region, Stringer's “diplomatic transplant”, is examined. Firstly, the charter underwent tremendous development across this period of study becoming trusted evidence of landholding transactions routine at most levels of society and subjected to sophisticated scrutiny by legal professionals in landholding disputes. Secondly, charter language was introduced, modified or abandoned according to many influences, e.g. the emergence of early Common Law systems in both Scotland and England, the rise of the legal profession and the growth in written culture evidenced partly through the spread of monastic houses and increasing trust in the written word. Indeed, the introduction of significant legal reforms – in England from the 1160s and in Scotland during the second quarter of the thirteenth century – are repeatedly revealed to be the point at which linguistic patterns became noticeably more settled and variants became much rarer. Notably, the fact that the language patterns of the Northumberland houses better mirror the patterns seen in south-east Scotland demonstrates the contrast in the level of bureaucratic organisation against the neighbouring shires of Durham and Yorkshire. Thirdly, this thesis highlights the existence of preferred linguistic forms by individual religious houses, religious orders, families or groups of people within localities or larger geographical regions. In particular, religious houses were especially influential in the widespread adoption of some forms of language. Overall, developments and changes to charter language were streamlined, revised or modified with the dual aims of providing greater clarity and thus maximum legal protection; before legal reform the latter was much more dependent upon familial and seignorial ties, a factor reflected in the greater variety of linguistic forms.
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Edzard, Lutz Eberhard. "Arabisch, Hebräisch und Amharisch als Sprachen in modernen diplomatischen Dokumenten : grammatikalische, lexikalische und stilistische Probleme in synchroner und diachroner Perspektive /." Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz Verl, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40246483q.
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Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Philosophische Fakultät--Bonn--Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 2000.Contient des textes en arabe, en hébreu et en amharique, en alphabets des trois langues et en romanisation, ainsi que des passages en anglais. Bibliogr. p. [277]-298. Index.
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Torikai, Kumiko Machida. "Diplomatic interpreters in post-World War II Japan : voices of the invisible presence in foreign relations." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/378842/.
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Cardoso, Célia Sofia Marreiros. "Jogos de guanxi: A plataforma Macau na diplomacia cultural portuguesa (2009-2019)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21524.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações InternacionaisApós o seu handover em 1999, Macau viu-lhe atribuída a missão de operar como plataforma entre a China e os Países de Língua Portuguesa (PLPs). Sob a atenta orientação de Pequim, a sua vocação histórica, lusófona e multicultural surge coadunada com a estratégia chinesa de going out, que tem procurado transformar a região num centro de serviços e de formação de talentos bilingues. Portugal representa neste contexto um velho conhecido e amigo, tendo do seu lado não apenas o vetor da cultura e da língua, mas também o vetor dos afetos. Uma vez colocada no horizonte da sua política externa mais premente a relação com o mundo de expressão portuguesa, importa assim compreender a posição tomada no apoio à concretização desses objetivos, também eles de interesse estratégico no âmbito da sua afirmação internacional. A presente dissertação propõe, por isso, analisar o papel do nosso país na promoção da sua diplomacia cultural no território entre 2009 e 2019 via três significativos organismos: o Instituto Português do Oriente (IPOR), a Escola Portuguesa de Macau (EPM) e o Consulado-Geral de Portugal em Macau e Hong Kong. A partir de uma abordagem teórica construtivista fundamentada na importância das ideias, identidades e normas no processo de tomada de decisões e posicionamento dos Estados, foram delineadas várias pistas no sentido de melhor compreendermos a atuação portuguesa. Conclui-se que a sua participação, não obstante os esforços positivos das instituições referidas, permanece pouco desenvolvida e dependente das iniciativas locais e chinesas.
Following its handover in 1999, Macao has been given the mission of operating as a platform between China and the Portuguese speaking countries. Under the close orientation of Beijing, its historical, lusophone and multicultural vocations emerge aligned with the Chinese strategy of going out, which has been attempting to transform the region into a service and bilingual talent training center. In this context, Portugal represents an old acquaintance and friend, having on its side not only the vector of a shared culture and language, but the one of affection as well. Having placed on its most pressing foreign policy horizon the relationship with the Portuguese speaking world, it matters thus understand its position towards the concretization of those goals, also strategic to its international assertation. Therefore, this dissertation proposes to analyze our country’s role in promoting its cultural diplomacy in the territory from 2009 to 2019 via three significant organisms: the Instituto Português do Oriente (IPOR), the Escola Portuguesa de Macau and the Consulate General of Portugal in Macao and Hong Kong. From a constructivist theoretical approach grounded in the importance of the ideas, identities and norms in the decision-making processes and State standing in the world affairs, several leads have been raised for a better understanding of the Portuguese behavior. This study concludes that, regardless the previously mentioned institutions’ positive efforts, Portugal’s participation remains limited and dependent on the local and Chinese initiatives.
Fundação Macau
N/A
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Nabert, Nathalie. "Les réseaux d'alliance en diplomatie aux XIVe et XVe siècles : étude de sémantique." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040241.
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Cette thèse étudie le fonctionnement des réseaux morphologiques et lexical d'"alliance" dans la diplomatie en français pour la période des XIVe et XVe siècle,et plus spécialement pendant la Guerre de Cent Ans et les guerres civiles qu'elle entraîna dans le royaume de France. Cette étude est divisée en trois parties : 1)préliminaires (délimitation du domaine d'étude,présentation des sources. . . ) ; 2)étude du réseau morphologique d'"alliance" ; 3)étude du réseau lexical d'"alliance" et des dérivés. Enfin,les conclusions,après avoir présenté un bilan,proposent des arguments critiques sur l'utilisation de l'analyse sémantique et son adaptabilité au terriroire d'une langue morte@In this work,we have particulary studied how the morphological and lexical systems for the word "alliance" work,in diplomacy,in the french language during the 14th and the 15th centuries and more especially during the War of Hundred Years and the civil wars it caused inside the kingdom of France. .
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Gonçalves, Mónica Sofia Ferraz. "Multilinguismo. A importância dos institutos de línguas estrangeiras na definição da Diplomacia Pública." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16077.
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No sentido de promover a imagem e expandir a influência, os Estados têm vindo a usar uma estratégia que combina o hard power e soft power para favorecer o contacto entre os povos, incrementar o entendimento mútuo e criar uma percepção externa favorável sobre um país, um povo, uma cultura e uma política. Esta estratégia, que tem revelado cada vez mais impacto junto dos povos, é designada por diplomacia pública.
A crescente mobilidade, as migrações e a globalização trouxeram um aumento significativo de interações entre os falantes das diferentes línguas. Esta tendência assume um carácter permanente. Logo, o multilinguismo pode ser a melhor forma de nos adaptarmos ao processo de globalização, transformando um desafio numa oportunidade.
Assim, esta dissertação pretende analisar a forma como a política de multilinguismo pode ajudar na execução estratégica da diplomacia pública, no que diz respeito às relações e à comunicação entre os Estados; ABSTRACT: In order to promote the image and expand the influence, states have been using a strategy that combines hard power and soft power to promote contact between people, increase mutual understanding and create a favorable external perception about a country, a people, a culture and politics. This strategy, which has proved increasingly impact on the people, is called public diplomacy.
The increased mobility, migration and globalization have brought a significant increase in interactions between speakers of different languages. This trend assumes permanent. Soon, multilingualism may be the best way to adapt to the globalization process, turning a challenge into an opportunity.
This paper aims to examine how the multilingualism policy can help in implementing strategic public diplomacy, with regard to the relations and communication between states.
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Baldassarri, Stefano, and Brian Maxson. "Giannozzo Manetti, the Emperor, and the Praise of a King in 1452." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6173.
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This article publishes a new text by Giannozzo Manetti and places it into the political, diplomatic, and biographical context from which it emerged. Manetti’s “Panegyric to King Alfonso” was written for the occasion of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III’s visit to Naples in the spring of 1452. This article and the accompanying first edition of Manetti’s treatise add new insights into the events of mid-Quattrocento Italy that led to Manetti’s voluntary exile from Florence, in addition to a new chapter in the narrative of patrician resistance to the consolidation of political power in Florence under Cosimo de’ Medici and his allies.
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Maxson, Brian. "Histories of Florence: A Review of Seven Recent Publications on Renaissance Florence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6178.
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Jauffret-Derville, Sibylle. "Jean-Michel Venture de Paradis : drogman et orientaliste 1739-1799." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10195.
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Jean-Michel Venture de Paradis est né à Marseille en 1739. Admis, en 1752, à l'École des Enfants de Langue, créée par Colbert, il apprend le métier de drogman. Outre l'enseignement des discipline classiques qui est dispensé par les jésuites, il y commence l'apprentissage des langues orientales et reçoit une solide formation à l'érudition. Devenu drogman, il passe plus de trente ans de sa vie dans les Échelles du Levant et de Barbarie et sa carrière remarquable lui ouvre les portes de la Bibliothèque du Roy dans laquelle il sera nommé Secrétaire Interprète pour les Langues Orientales, l'acmé de la profession. Il se consacre alors à la philologie, à la traduction d'ouvrages orientaux et fait bénéficier de nombreux auteurs de son savoir sur l'Orient. Il devient un jalon marquant de l'orientalisme académique français. L'Expédition d'Égypte est sa dernière mission, il y accompagne le général Bonaparte et meurt lors de la retraite de Syrie. L'utilisation du prisme biographique permet, au delà de la vie et de l'œuvre de Jean- Michel Venture de Paradis, d'avoir une vision d'ensemble de la constitution et de la professionnalisation du corps des drogmans français, tout au long du XVIIIe siècle français. il permet également de mettre en évidence l'évolution de cette profession aux multiples facettes, médiation linguistique, commerciale et diplomatique, qui se transforme , se divise et donne naissance à la fin du siècle, à la diplomatie et à l'orientalisme académiqueJean-Michel Venture de Paradis was born in Marseille in 1739. In 1752 he boarded the Ecole des Enfants de Langue, founded by Colbert, where he is trained as a drogman. Aside from the classical disciplines teached there by the Jesuits, he studies oriental languages and receives a solid training in erudition. Once a drogman, Jean-Michel Venture de Paradis will spend more than 30 years in the Levant and Barbary. His successful career leads him to the Bibliothèque du Roy where he is named Secrétaire Interprète pour les Langues Orientales, the most important post in the profession of drogman. He then studies philology, translates oriental texts and shares his knowledge with many authors, becoming a key personality in the academic circle of Oriental studies. The Expédition d’Egypte will be his last assignment. He accompanies General Bonaparte and dies during the retreat of the French army from Syria.The use of biographical material taken from the life of Jean-Michel Venture de Paradis opens to a broader vision of the creation, and professionnalization, during all of the 18th century, of the position of drogman. It also permits to focus on the evolution of a profession which relies on a variety of competencies : linguistic, diplomatic, and commercial mediation, which transforms itself, splits up, and gives birth, at the end of the century, to professional diplomacy on the one hand, and academic orientalism on the other
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Maxson, Brian. "Review of The Renaissance and Ottoman World, edited by Anna Contadini and Claire Norton." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6194.
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Rubio, Rostom Clémentine. "Une langue en mission : histoire des politiques linguistiques et didactiques françaises en Palestine." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2008/document.
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Réalisée à partir d’archives diplomatiques, cette thèse propose une lecture de l’histoire de l’enseignement du français en Palestine depuis le point de vue diplomatique. Elle propose d’étudier les objectifs politiques et symboliques qui ont guidé l’évolution de ce réseau d’enseignement du français. A la croisée de questionnements communs à la didactique du français langue étrangère et à la sociolinguistique, il s’agit de s’intéresser aux conceptions de la langue et de l’altérité sous-jacentes à la politique de diffusion du français. La thèse s’attache également à caractériser les politiques de diffusion du français dans un espace particulier : la Palestine. Ces questionnements permettent de formuler une certaine continuité dans le type de relations entretenues à travers l’enseignement du français et de poser la question de ce que serait non plus une politique de diffusion mais une politique de l’appropriationBased upon the interpretation of diplomatic archives, this doctoral thesis presents an understanding of the history of French language teaching in Palestine, from the diplomatic point of view. It aims at studying the political and symbolical goals guiding the evolution of the French teaching network. At the crossroads of issues common to the fields of French as a second language and sociolinguistics, it will focus on the conceptions of language and of alterity underlying the French language spread policy. The thesis also seeks to characterize language planning policy in a specific territory: Palestine. Those questions allow us to formulate the hypothesis of continuity in the type of relationships established through French language teaching and to put in perspective the spreading policy with an appropriation policy
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Clément, Etienne. "Les sciences du langage dans la coopération internationale franco-brésilienne. L'interculturel : de la didactique des langues-cultures aux politiques linguistiques - éducatives." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC034/document.
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Dans cette recherche, nous proposons d'analyser une question à la frontière entre le savoir et l'agir,l'interculturel dans le domaine des sciences du langage et plus spécifiquement des politiques linguistiqueséducatives dans un cadre de coopération internationale franco-brésilienne. Quelles incompétencesinterculturelles les coopérants français et brésiliens ont-ils dans la coopération internationale ? Quelle priseen considération de l'interculturel existe-t-il dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives en France, au Brésilet à l'échelle internationale ? Quelles préconisations de politiques linguistiques éducatives en termes deformations initiale et continue sont envisageables pour former les coopérants ? Telles sont les questionsauxquelles cette thèse tente de répondre à travers une analyse de l'interculturel dans les politiqueslinguistiques éducatives française et brésilienne. Notre démarche qualitative interroge les coopérants françaiset brésiliens à partir d'entretiens semi-directifs et d'observations alliées à une approche complexe,synchronique, macro et micro, donnant à voir la multiplicité des enjeux et des dynamiques au coeur de laproblématique de l'interculturel dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives qui chemine jusqu'à la didactiquedes langues-cultures. Notre recherche explore les dimensions culturelles et linguistiques de la coopérationfranco-brésilienne par le prisme du substrat langue et culture. C'est à partir de ce substrat linguistique etculturel que véhiculent les échanges langagiers des coopérants que nous questionnons en quoi la coopérationinternationale franco-brésilienne et ses déclinaisons sont sources de relations interculturelles, préalable etnécessaire à la réussite d'un partenariat d'échanges fructueux, tout en posant l'intérité des antagonismesadaptatifs comme source de construction de compétences interculturelles dans les situations vécues desprofessionnels de la coopération internationale. Notre thèse s'inscrit dans une perspective professionnalisantede prise en compte de l'interculturel dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives dans un objectif deformation initiale et continue des professionnels de la coopération international franco-brésilienneIn this research, I will question a concept halfway between knowledge and action, interculturality in field oflanguage sciences and more specifically in educational and linguistic policies, within the context ofinternational cooperation between France and Brazil. Which intercultural skills are French and Braziliancooperating partners lacking of in international cooperation? To what extent is the intercultural dimensiontaken into account in language education policies in France, in Brazil and at an international level? Whatrecommendations for language education policies, both in terms of initial training and continuing education,are conceivable to train cooperating partners? These are the questions that this doctoral dissertation will tryto answer through an analysis of interculturality in French and Brazilian language education policies. Thequalitative approach of my analysis is based on a corpus of semi-directive interviews and observations on asynchronic, macro and micro levels. This highlights the multiplicity of challenges and the different dynamicsat work within the question of interculturality in language education policies, and into the didactics oflanguage and culture. This research deals with the cultural and linguistic dimensions of the cooperationbetween France and Brazil through the prism of the language and culture substratum. It’s from this linguisticand cultural substrate, which carries the linguistic exchanges of the cooperating partners that we will askourselves how the international cooperation between France and Brazil are sources of intercultural relations.These relations are a prerequisite and necessary to a successful partnership. We will also measure theintegrity of adaptable antagonisms as a source of construction of intercultural skills in situations experiencesby international cooperation professionals. This work fits within a perspective of continuous professionaldevelopment, taking into account the intercultural dimension in language education policies, with theobjective to train professionals in international cooperation between France and Brazil at initial andcontinuing education levels
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Maxson, Brian. "Kings and Tyrants: Leonardo Bruni's translation of Xenophon's "Hiero"." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6179.
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Leonardo Bruni published one of his most widely copied translations, Xenophon's pro-monarchical Hiero, shortly before he penned his more famous original works, his Dialogues and Panegyric to the City of Florence. Scholars have traditionally focused on the political ideas present in these original treatises; yet, despite the centrality of political ideas to the Hiero, its temporal proximity to these works, and its enormous popularity (the work exists in 200 fifteenth-century manuscripts), scholars have neglected to offer a full assessment of Bruni's translation in the context of these works. Bruni's translation of Xenophon's Hiero fit into a debate in early fifteenth-century Florence about Julius Caesar and the Florentine poet Dante. The two major thinkers in the debate, Bruni and Coluccio Salutati, agreed that a distinction had to be made between kings and tyrants based on legal claim and quality of rule. The Hiero reinforced this assumption. The two men disagreed, however, about which category applied to Julius Caesar and what this meant for the reputation of Dante.
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Maxson, Brian. "Establishing Independence: Leonardo Bruni's History of the Florentine People and Ritual in Fifteenth-Century Florence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6177.
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Humanism and ritual combined to establish a new foundation for the Florentine Republic in the fifteenth century. Leonardo Bruni’s History of the Florentine People was at the center of this new foundation. In 1428 and again in 1439, Bruni formally presented portions of his History to the Florentine government in the midst of crucial events in Florentine foreign affairs. For example, Bruni’s book presentation in 1428 occurred in the midst of rituals celebrating peace between Florence and Milan. During the celebration, a procession behind the sacred icon of Our Lady of Santa Maria Impruneta paused at the government palace. At that moment, Leonardo Bruni formally announced the peace, gave an oration, and presented a volume of his History to the Florentine governors. Following the presentation, trumpets sounded and the procession began anew. In this ritual, Bruni’s History became a key ritual object. On the most basic level, Bruni’s book served as a tangible, physical reminder of the peace for future rulers of the Florentine Republic. Yet, Bruni’s History provided much more than a material memento of a monumental moment. The content of the work created a Florence that was founded free and, after several battles against tyrannical oppressors, had once again become free. By creating a new foundation and history of Florence, the Florentines could add new authority and legitimacy to its dealings with the world outside its walls. This article will examine the rituals surrounding the presentation of Bruni’s work combined with a close literary analysis of the History itself. Through this investigation, the article will examine how and why the Florentines sought to refound their city in an official Latin history by establishing its independence from outside powers, particularly the Roman and Holy Roman Emperors.
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Servilha, Gustavo Brechesi. "A internacionalização e ensino básico: suas motivações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-28112014-125104/.
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O presente trabalho pretende analisar as motivações de uma internacionalização do ensino básico, com uma atenção especial ao Ensino Médio. Por meio de uma análise qualitativa e dedutiva, a pesquisa teve como hipótese que as motivações estão diretamente relacionadas a elementos político-institucionais e sociológico, em um contexto de globalização e de novas estratégias de atuação internacional de atores nacionais e subnacionais, sendo que, no caso da Educação, o principal instrumento para essa atuação é o ensino de línguas estrangeiras modernas. A análise teórica foi desenvolvida no campo das Relações Internacionais, Ciência Política, Sociologia e Direito; bem como no campo prático, ao analisar possíveis fatores de internacionalização na Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo. Ao fim, conclui-se que o processo de globalização (e seu caráter integrador e excludente), o processo de integração regional, as novas estratégias de ação dos estados por meio da diplomacia pública e da paradiplomacia, as novas estratégias de escolarização das famílias (e dos Estados), a retomada da importância do ensino de línguas estrangeiras modernas a partir da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases, de 1996, além da demanda crescente por conhecimento nesse campo, fizeram com que houvesse o ambiente e as condições necessárias para que o tema da internacionalização e o ensino básico entrassem na agenda e no campo das políticas publicas pertinentesThis paper discusses the motivations that drive the internationalization of basic education, with special attention to high school. Through a qualitative and deductive analysis, the research has the hypothesis that the inclusion of the theme of internationalization of basic education in public schools is directly related to the politicalinstitutional and sociological motivations, in the context of globalization and new strategies for international operations national and subnational actors, and, in the case of the Education, the main instrument for this action is the teaching of modern foreign languages. The analysis was developed through theoretical analysis in the field of International Relations, Political Science, Sociology and Law, as well as the practical field, to analyze possible factors of internationalization in the Secretariat of Education of the State of São Paulo. At the end, it is concluded that the process of globalization (and its integrative and exclusionary character), the process of regional integration, new strategies of action states through public diplomacy and paradiplomacy, the new strategies for schooling from families (and from states), the resumption of the importance of teaching modern foreign languages from the LDB 1996, and the growing demand for knowledge in this field, had caused the environment and the conditions required for the issue of the agenda and enter in the field of public policy
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Manchio, Corinne. "Machiavel secrétaire et l'écriture de la politique : étude d'une langue de chancellerie en temps des guerres d'Italie (1498-1512)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080097.
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Cette thèse se concentre sur l’ensemble du carteggio diplomatique machiavélien : les lettres administratives (ou écrits de gouvernement) envoyées depuis Florence, et celles que Machiavel rédige lors de ses missions à l’extérieur de la cité. Cette correspondance témoigne des pratiques culturelles de l'écriture et de toutes les transformations sociolinguistiques qu'elles recouvrent en amont. La dimension pratique d'une telle correspondance, comme usage, comme application concrète, est double : d’un côté, la rédaction de lettres mais aussi d'écrits de gouvernement qui participent d'une même « mécanique institutionnelle » ; de l’autre, leur archivage, à savoir les processus socio-culturels qui fondent la volonté de conserver ces traces et ces formes de mémoire publique. La méthodologie adoptée pour exploiter le corpus des Legazioni, des Commissarie et des Scritti di governo relève d’une association entre les méthodes traditionnelles de la philologie et les techniques de l’informatique (Humanités Numériques et de Digital Studies) : c’est au croisement de ces champs disciplinaire que j’ai conçu la modélisation d’un logiciel d’analyse de mon corpus (Machiato).Nous avons cherché à expliciter la thèse de la précarité du politique selon trois thématiques : l’analyse des bouleversements induits par la multiplication des conflits ; les conséquences des guerres sur la conception du Stato comme sur les pratiques et enfin, la multiplication et la confusion des temporalités propres au monde politique.Les acteurs se voient contraints de réduire les temps de spéculation et de théorisation politiques afin de parer à l’état d’urgence, un état de guerre permanent et nouveau. Les LCSG permettent d’assister à la construction du regard machiavélien et plus précisément, aux différentes tentatives de fonder la pratique en incluant la précarité, non pas comme source de désorientation mais comme spécificité de l’agir en politiqueThis thesis focuses on the entire Machiavellian diplomatic carteggio (Legazioni, Commissarie, Scritti di governo). This correspondence reflects cultural practices of writing and all the sociolinguistic transformations they cover. The methodology is a combination between traditional philological methods and computer technology (Digital Humanities and Digital Studies): it is the intersection of these disciplinary fields I have conceived a software to analyze my corpus (Machiato). The argument of the the political instability has been developed in three stages: analyzing the upheavals triggered by the proliferation of conflicts; the impact of war on the conception of Stato as on practices and finally, multiplication and confusion of temporalities of the political world. Individuals are forced to reduce the time of speculation and theorizing to respond to the state of emergency, a state of permanent war. The LCSG allow to identify the steps in the construction of the Machiavellian perspective and more specifically, the various attempts to found the practice including insecurity, not as a source of disorientation but as specificity of action in politics
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Maxson, Brian. "Claiming Byzantium: Papal Diplomacy, Biondo Flavio, and the Fourth Crusade." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6176.
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The humanist Biondo wrote three different narratives of the Fourth Crusade aimed at establishing the legitimacy of western claims to lands in the east. Biondo had played an integral part in the ephemeral reunification of the Greek and Latin Churches at the Council of Florence in July 1439. Biondo blamed the Greeks for the failure and thus did not mourn the loss of their empire to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. However, Biondo did urge several states in the Italian Peninsula to set out en mass to fight the Turks. He viewed the fall of Constantinople as an opportunity for the Latin West to reestablish its rightful empire in the east. He explicated this opinion in at least two different treatises dedicated to rulers shortly after the fall of the ancient city. To Alfonso of Aragon, Biondo argued that the King could establish a peaceful and prosperous extension of his maritime holdings to include a fallen empire with no legal ruler. To the Venetians, he presented the Fourth Crusade as a glorious victory that established their legal claim to rule the now-lost remnants of the Byzantine Empire. Biondo shaped his source material of the Fourth Crusade into an historical narrative that made this primary argument and urged powerful rulers in the Italian peninsula to take back what was rightfully theirs.
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Maxson, Brian. "The Depths of Venice: A Double Review of "Paolina's Innocence: Child Abuse in Casanova's Venice" by Larry Wolff and "Venice: A New History" by Thomas F. Madden." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6209.
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Maxson, Brian. "Reviews of Il greco a Firenze e Pier Vettori (1499–1585), by Davide Baldi; La nascita del Rinascimento a Firenze, by Anna Canonica-Sawina." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6184.
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Maxson, Brian. "Reviews of Plague and Pleasure: The Renaissance World of Pius II by Arthur White and Venice and the Veneto during the Renaissance by Michael Knapton, John Law, and Alison Smith." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6198.
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Maxson, Brian. "The Many Shades of Praise: Politics and Panegyrics in Fifteenth-Century Florentine Diplomacy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6187.
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Fifteenth-century diplomatic protocol required the city of Florence to send diplomats to congratulate both new and militarily victorious rulers. Diplomats on such missions poured praise on their triumphant allies and new rulers at friendly locations. However, political realities also meant that these diplomats would sometimes have to praise rulers whose accession or victory opposed Florentine interests. Moreover, different allies and enemies required different levels of praise. Jealous rulers compared the gifts, status, and oratory that they received from Florence to the Florentine entourages sent to their neighbors. Sending diplomats with too little or too much social status and eloquence could spell diplomatic disaster. Diplomats met these challenges by varying the style, structure, and content of their speeches. Far from formulaic pronouncements of goodwill, diplomatic orations varied from one speech to the next in order to meet the demands of the complex diplomatic world into which they fit. Contextualizing these orations reveals the subtle reservations of diplomats praising a hostile ruler, the insertion of specific citations to flatter specific audiences, and the changing intellectual and stylistic interests of humanists throughout the fifteenth century. This essay will examine the different shades of flattery practiced by Florentine diplomats and the contexts that explain these variations.
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Blake, Greyory. "Good Game." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5377.
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This thesis and its corresponding art installation, Lessons from Ziggy, attempts to deconstruct the variables prevalent within several complex systems, analyze their transformations, and propose a methodology for reasserting the soap box within the display pedestal. In this text, there are several key and specific examples of the transformation of various signifiers (i.e. media-bred fear’s transformation into a political tactic of surveillance, contemporary freneticism’s transformation into complacency, and community’s transformation into nationalism as a state weapon). In this essay, all of these concepts are contextualized within the exponential growth of new technologies. That is to say, all of these semiotic developments must be framed within the post-Internet sphere.
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Tamussin, Catherine. "La didactique du français dans la Hongrie de l'entre-deux-guerres : acteurs, outils, représentations." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF037/document.
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Le traité de paix signé en 1920 à Trianon, réduisant des deux-tiers le territoire et la population de la Hongrie vaincue, engendre une crise diplomatique franco-hongroise. Ce contentieux a-t-il eu un impact sur l’enseignement du français et sur la représentation de la culture française en Hongrie ? La réforme de l’enseignement secondaire de 1924 introduit le français, l’anglais et l’italien à côté de l’allemand obligatoire. On constate alors un essor spectaculaire du français dans les lycées. Cet essor ainsi que la création du premier lycée bilingue français-hongrois montrent l’influence de la culture française et le rôle actif des diplomates français en poste à Budapest malgré les consignes restrictives de Paris. Le Collège Eötvös, créé en 1895 sur le modèle français de l’École Normale Supérieure joue aussi un rôle déterminant dans la formation d’une élite enseignante francophone et francophile. L’approche allemande Kulturkunde, visant l’étude de l’esprit d’un peuple à travers sa littérature, pénètre dans les cercles pédagogiques hongrois. L’accueil est ouvert mais réservé quant aux dérives nationalistes possibles. L’analyse des manuels de français montre que les auteurs inscrivent cette approche dans la tradition francophile de l’élite intellectuelle hongroise en reliant la représentation de l’esprit français aux valeurs humanistes universelles véhiculées par la littérature française. L’absence d’amalgame entre culture et politique, l’attitude distanciée et humaine des enseignants hongrois, dont certains avaient même souffert personnellement de la situation politique entre la France et la Hongrie, montrent que des choix individuels peuvent transcender les contingences politiques et les dérives méthodologiquesThe peace treaty signed at Trianon in 1920 reduced by two-thirds the territory and population of defeated Hungary, thus creating a French-Hungarian diplomatic crisis. Might this strife had an impact on French language teaching and on the way French culture was depicted in textbooks? Actually, in 1924, a secondary education reform provided the possibility to learn English, French and Italian besides compulsory German. The result is a huge rise of French language in secondary schools. This rise and also the creation of the first French bilingual school show how influent French culture was in the country and how French diplomats in Budapest supported the reform in spite of limitative instructions from Foreign Office in Paris. Eötvös College, created in 1895 on the model of French Ecole Normale Supérieure, played also a decisive role in French teachers’ training and in the growth of a French-speaking elite. The german Kulturkunde approach, aimed to study the “mind or esprit of a nation” in teaching literature, penetrates into Hungarian educational circles. Hungarian teachers welcomed this new approach but expressed reserves about possible nationalistic drifts. The analysis of French textbooks shows that the authors applied Kulturkunde by making a strict distinction between politics and culture and by associating it with the humanist and universal values conveyed by French culture, in accordance with the francophile tradition of the Hungarian intellectual elite. The balanced and kind attitude of the Hungarian teachers, some of whom had to suffer personally from the political situation between France and Hungary, shows that individual choices can transcend political contingencies and methodological drifts
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Wang, Tsung-Hsuan, and 王琮瑄. "On the Diplomatic Language of Zuo-Zhuan:A Rhetorical Approach." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06945755047137171701.
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Chu-Ching-Kung and 孔珠菁. "A Research on Diplomatic Language and the Art of Governance of Zichan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26177766950575259992.
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Malá, Markéta. "Osudy francouzštiny jako jazyka diplomacie: Situace v ČR." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-349405.
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The Diploma thesis deals with the current status of French as a language of diplomacy and with the role and the position of French in the Czech Republic. The goal of the theoretical part is to define the term diplomacy, to summarize significant periods of French language in the history of diplomacy, to deal with the factors which influence language status and to observe competitors of French. It focuses on six selected languages: English, Spanish, Russian, German, Arabic and Chinese. It is trying to show the particularities of French as a diplomatic language. In the practical part, its goal is firstly to outline diplomatic organizations in our country and to describe their function. On the basis of the latest statistics and other collected data by means of interviews, the thesis illustrates the changes which can be traced in the language recently. Concerning the Czech Republic, it shows the changes caused by the accession to the EU and by the introduction of the CEFRL. In the end, it suggests three possible hypotheses of subsequent development of the French language in the world. KEYWORDS French language, status, diplomacy, global language, evolution, competitors, diplomatic organizations, language education
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Gvozdic, Davor. ""Olá senhor presidente e obrigado por ter vindo!" : os atos de saudação e de agradecimento no discurso diplomático : estudo contrastivo português - croata." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2597.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos Portugueses Multidisciplinares apresentada à Universidade AbertaA importância de reconhecer a intenção comunicativa dos atores numa interação verbal revela-se diariamente na prática de tradução-interpretação, especialmente quando os tradutores-intérpretes exercem a sua atividade profissional numa situação enunciativa delicada como é a que se associa ao discurso diplomático. O presente estudo, no âmbito da Pragmática Linguística, resulta de uma investigação, que, numa perspetiva contrastiva, observa a realização dos atos de saudação e dos atos de agradecimento, no contexto do discurso diplomático, em duas línguas – português europeu e croata. O objetivo é tentar compreender os processos linguísticos subjacentes à realização dos referidos atos ilocutórios, estabelecendo um contraste entre os resultados obtidos em português e em croata para, através desta análise contrastiva, determinar algumas características gerais do discurso diplomático. Para tal, parte-se da observação detalhada do objeto de estudo central, um conjunto de dois corpora de textos do âmbito específico do discurso diplomático: um subcorpus em português e outro em croata. Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma maior tendência para a aproximação do que para o distanciamento das duas línguas quanto ao modo de realização dos atos de saudação e dos atos de agradecimento no contexto analisado. Assim, é possível definir os princípios gerais que, no contexto do discurso diplomático, regem a produção verbal dos interactantes. Como resultado prático, o presente estudo apresenta uma proposta de esquematização das formas linguísticas através das quais são realizados os atos de saudação e os atos de agradecimento, no referido contexto.
The work of a translator-interpreter requires that the speaker’s intention during any verbal interaction be correctly recognized. This is of paramount importance especially when translating/interpreting speech communication in diplomatic discourse. This paper is a result of a contrastive study, conducted in the field of pragmatics, which aims to examine Portuguese and Croatian diplomatic discourse, focusing on expressions of gratitude and greetings in both languages. The aim of the study is to discover the linguistic processes underlying the speech acts in the two languages. This will be achieved by means of a contrastive analysis of utterances in Portuguese and Croatian. As a result of the study, some general characteristics of diplomatic discourse will be identified. The study is based on an in-depth analysis of two corpora of verbal communication, Portuguese and Croatian, within the realm of diplomatic discourse. The results of the study show that the similarities between the two linguistic systems outweigh the differences, thus allowing the author of the study to identify some general characteristics and principles underpinning expression of gratitude and greetings within diplomatic discourse. The Master’s Thesis also presents the practical implications of the study by trying to schematize the various linguistics forms through which gratitude and greetings are expressed in the discourse in question.
Prepoznavanje komunikacijske namjere govornika bitan je uvjet za uspješno obavljanje prevoditeljske aktivnosti. Važnost te komunikacijske kompetencije prevoditelja osobito se ističe u govornim situacijama koje se odvijaju o okviru diplomatskog diskursa. Ovaj rad, iz područja pragmalingvistike, je rezultat istraživanja govornih činova pozdravljanja i zahvaljivanja koji se pojavljuju u diplomatskim govorima na portugalskom i na hrvatskom jeziku. Glavni cilj istraživanja je opisati lingvističke procese koji uvjetuju realiziranje gore navedenih govornih činova. Kontrastivnom analizom načina na koji se pozdravi i zahvale ostvaruju na portugalskom i na hrvatskom jeziku, otkrivaju se i glavne značajke diplomatskog diskursa. Korpus je sastavljen od niza usmenih tekstova ostvarenih u komunikacijskoj situaciji u kojoj izvorni govornik bilo portugalskog, bilo hrvatskog jezika obavlja poslove diplomatskog predstavnika svoje države. Rezultati analize korpusa upućuju na sličnosti između dva jezična sustava prilikom ostvarivanja govornih činova pozdravljanja i zahvaljivanja u okviru diplomatskog diskursa. Stoga se može zaključiti da na jezičnu aktivnost govornika utječu čimbenici koji nadilaze jezičnu razinu.
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Andrade, Maria Esmeralda Moreira Ferreira de. "Tradução: língua e comunicação no contexto diplomático." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/41617.
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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Tradução e Comunicação MultilingueEstando o Estado vinculado às comunidades portuguesas no estrangeiro, a sua rede consular é desde sempre o grande divulgador e impulsionador da cultura e língua portuguesa nas comunidades lusófonas no Mundo. Mais do que simples postos oficiais, estes serviços consulares são muitas vezes os grandes difusores e impulsionadores da cultura, língua e turismo de Portugal. O presente relatório visa demonstrar as diferentes abordagens da linguagem diplomática e jurídica e o seu papel na tradução de documentos administrativos no contexto da diplomacia e língua. Este relatório pretende igualmente dar a conhecer o funcionamento da Instituição de acolhimento onde foi realizado o estágio curricular, o Consulado Geral de Portugal em Paris, descrevendo e exemplificando todas as tarefas aí realizadas.
The Portuguese State main purpose abroad is to serve as principal connection for the communication and integration of the Portuguese communities. Its consular network has always been the great promoter and supporter of the Portuguese culture and language in the Portuguese Lusophone communities in the world. More than just official post, these consular services are often the big broadcasters and promoters of the Portuguese culture, language and tourism. The aim of this report is to demonstrate the different approaches of the diplomatic and legal language and its role in the translation of administrative documents relating to diplomacy and language. It also aims to explain the functioning of the host institution where it was held the traineeship, the General Consulate of Portugal in Paris, describing and illustrating all the tasks undertaken.
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Keady, Joseph. "A Translation of Dominik Nagl’s Grenzfälle with an Introductory Analysis of the Translation Process." 2020. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/881.
Full textAbstract:
My thesis is an analysis of my own translation of a chapter from Dominik Nagl's legal history 'Grenzfälle,' which addresses questions of citizenship and nationality in the context of the German colonies in Africa and the South Pacific. My analysis focuses primarily on strategies that I used in an effort to preserve the strangeness of a linguistic context that is, in many ways, "foreign" to twenty first-century North Americans while also striving to avoid reproducing the violence embedded in language that is historically laden with extreme power disparities.