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Journal articles on the topic 'Diplomatic tool'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

László, Zsuzsa. "Exhibition as Diplomatic Tool." Third Text 32, no. 4 (2018): 412–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09528822.2018.1524035.

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Yapparova, Venera Nagimovna, Juliya Viktorovna Ageeva, and Adamka Pavol. "Verbal Politeness as an Important Tool of Diplomacy." Journal of Politics and Law 12, no. 5 (2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v12n5p57.

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This article examines the notion of diplomatic courtesy and analyzes the ways of its language expression in Russian diplomatic discourse on the example of the speeches delivered by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation Sergey Lavrov.  Diplomatic courtesy is considered by the authors as an integral part of the diplomatic language, which, being a component of the official business style, is characterized by standardization, normalization, lack of emotionality and neutrality. At the same time, the diplomatic language allows the use of language means that are not re

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García Cardiel, Jorge. "The Toga as a Diplomatic Tool." Historia 71, no. 3 (2022): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/historia-2022-0009.

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Rusnak, Oleksandr. "DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY AS A TOOL RESEARCH BODIES FOREIGN COUNTRY SERVICES." Strategic Panorama, no. 1-2 (December 15, 2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53679/2616-9460.1-2.2019.05.

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The article describes the tools that allow diplomats to participate in the intelligence activity in the host country; main forms of such work are considered; key concepts are defined that collectively clarify and specify the main provisions used in diplomatic work.Specific examples show the specific nature of unacceptable illegitimate diplomatic activity, which enables certain foreigners who enjoy diplomatic immunity to conduct intelligence activities and take measures that may be incompatible with diplomatic activity in the host country. This situation becomes especially acute in the conditio

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Yefremova, Kateryna, and Maryna Lobko. "The art of diplomatic protocol as tool of business communication." Law and innovative society, no. 2 (15) (January 4, 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2309-9275-2020-2(15)-6.

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Problem setting. At the present stage of development of international relations, more and more diplomatic negotiations are taking place and a large number of international agreements are being concluded, so for the successful and effective functioning of the state foreign policy mechanism many tools are needed, each of which sets the mechanism in motion. However, the issues of gift literacy and their conceptualization of the role as a tool of diplomatic protocol in the implementation of international contacts of bilateral and multilateral nature remain unexplored. Analysis of resent researches

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Cho, lee-ok. "Diplomacy between Silla and Japan in the 9th century seen through the diplomatic document of Silla Jipsa-seong." Bukak History Academy 19 (January 31, 2024): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.1.63.

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This paper is aimed at approaching the diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan in the 9th century and the realities based on the general understanding of the diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong.’ The diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong’ was sent to Dajokan. As this document not only reflects the circumstances of the time, but also reflects the diplomatic issues which were developing around Japan’s diplomatic mission to Tang Dynasty and diplomatic status intended by Silla, it is a valuable data for explaining diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan. In short, accordi

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Cho, lee-ok. "Diplomacy between Silla and Japan in the 9th century seen through the diplomatic document of Silla Jipsa-seong." Bukak History Academy 19 (January 31, 2024): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.2.63.

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This paper is aimed at approaching the diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan in the 9th century and the realities based on the general understanding of the diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong.’ The diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong’ was sent to Dajokan. As this document not only reflects the circumstances of the time, but also reflects the diplomatic issues which were developing around Japan’s diplomatic mission to Tang Dynasty and diplomatic status intended by Silla, it is a valuable data for explaining diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan. In short, accordi

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Birnbaum, Enav, and Oren Barak. "Place Naming as a Foreign Policy Tool." Israel Studies Review 39, no. 3 (2024): 42–64. https://doi.org/10.3167/isr.2024.390304.

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Abstract This article maintains that states can utilize place naming in their capitals to advance two foreign policy goals: first, promoting closer relations with other international actors, including states and international organizations, thereby complementing more traditional diplomatic means; second, supporting national branding efforts as the state strives to enhance the image it seeks to project to other international actors and its global reputation. Drawing on the case of Israel's extensive place naming efforts in Jerusalem in the period 1948–1967, which were designed to achieve these

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9

Dieckhoff, Milena. "International Mediation: A Specific Diplomatic Tool For Emerging Countries?" ERIS – European Review of International Studies 1, no. 2 (2014): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/eris.v1i2.16506.

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10

Pshtyka, V. V. "Diplomatic protocol as a tool of international economic relations." Baltic Region, no. 4 (2011): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2011-4-11.

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Tijjani, Chubado Babbi, and Mukhtar Imam. "An assessment of the effectiveness of sanction as a tool for diplomatic deterrence." Journal of Global Social Sciences 4, no. 16 (2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.58934/jgss.v4i16.222.

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The use of sanctions as tool for deterrence has witnessed exponential growth in recent times. The last three decades in particular has witnessed a surge in the number of sanctions used as medium in responding to numerous international confrontations. Interestingly, these sanctions have been both multilateral and unilateral in form and have mostly been evoked by NATO forces, the United States and the United Nations. The watershed references of South Africa, North Korea, Venezuela and most recently Russia comes to mind as countries afflicted by sanctions. The increasing demand by academics and t

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12

Qingmin, Zhang. "Sports Diplomacy: The Chinese Experience and Perspective." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 8, no. 3-4 (2013): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-12341257.

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Summary Sport is a political and diplomatic arena where politics parodies sport and vice versa. When relations between two nations are poor, sport can be employed as a tool to heighten confrontation or, if relations start to improve, sport can also create and accelerate diplomatic momentum. In both cases, sport is politicized, but in the Chinese perspective only the latter instance can be considered as sports diplomacy. Sport itself is neither sufficient for diplomatic breakthrough, nor sufficient for diplomatic breakdown. The increasing importance of sports diplomacy also validates the transf

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Kortabayeva, G. K., and A. A. Avaliyev. "HISTORY OF KAZAKH DIPLOMACY: CORRESPONDENCE OF THE KAZAKH KHANATE WITH THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE." History of the Homeland 97, no. 1 (2022): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/1814-6961_2022_1_50.

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This article attempts to reveal the content and analysis of documents and letters of diplomatic correspondence of Kazakh khans and sultans with the Russian Empire. An analysis of the events in the international life of the Kazakh Khanate in the dynamics of its changes testifies to the presence of a rich diplomatic practice of the Kazakh rulers. Since the formation of the Kazakh Khanate, the diplomatic service has been an important tool for strengthening statehood. Using different types of diplomatic correspondence, the linguistic aspects of historical letters were considered. The article analy

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Zakharova, Oksana. "Diplomatic Counterculture as a Tool of the Soviet Foreign Policy." Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie 27, no. 3 (2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ksm20200301.

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Jachnik, Clive Vincent. "Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration – An underdeveloped diplomatic tool in Yemen." SIRIUS – Zeitschrift für Strategische Analysen 4, no. 1 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sirius-2020-1666.

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AbstractDisarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) is the process of removing weapons from members of armed groups, detaching those ex-combatants from their groups and helping them to safely return to normal society. DDR has great potential to deliver significant peace benefits to communities undergoing conflict. As it has evolved, UN DDR has broadened in scope and now has the committed aim of ensuring linkages with political processes as one of its strategic priorities. With regard to the situation in Yemen, however, the earliest UN Yemen DDR advisory forums singularly misunderstood

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Meerts, Paul W. "Diplomatic Negotiation at the Crossroads?" International Negotiation 25, no. 1 (2020): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-25131237.

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Abstract While interstate negotiation is becoming more important than ever in guiding the course of world affairs, it is in danger of being weakened as a consequence of the erosion of multilateral diplomacy. Multilateral organizations and cooperation between states has opened new pathways for negotiation, stabilized the world, and served to equalize power distribution. Growing multilateralism has protected negotiation processes and offered smaller powers more of a say in world affairs. However, with the current trend for powerful countries to undermine multilateral negotiation processes in fav

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Becker, Audrey. "The Power of Humility." Studies in Late Antiquity 8, no. 1 (2024): 12–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sla.2024.8.1.12.

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This essay examines the diplomatic efforts of Gallic bishops with barbarian kings, in the tense period after 406 CE and during the raids of Attila in Gaul in 451. The first part of this essay seeks to understand the narrative strategies at work in five late antique Gallic hagiographies. Written decades after the events narrated in them occurred, under different political circumstances, these texts re-imagined and re-interpreted these diplomatic encounters, bolstering claims of episcopal authority. The second part of this essay contextualizes the hagiographic claims of Gallic bishops’ involveme

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MELIKYAN, Ruzanna. "VAGUENESS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF THE DIPLOMATIC LANGUAGE." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 21, no. 1 (22) (2017): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2017.21.1.027.

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The paper discusses “vagueness” as one of the characteristic features of the diplomatic language which successfully meets the demands of its implication. The prudent application of this “tricky” phenomenon is revealed in public speeches and diplomatic documents, such as the UN General Assembly resolutions, UN Security Council Press Releases, etc. The paper also focuses on certain methods of identification and teaching of this linguistic tool.

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Т, Есүхэй, та Төрболд Ц. "МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН ГАДААД БОДЛОГЫН ХЭРЭГЖИЛТЭД СПОРТЫН ДИПЛОМАТ АЖИЛЛАГААНЫ ХУВЬ НЭМЭР". Politology 22, № 593 (2024): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/ps20241.14.

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The goal of this article is to study the multifaceted role of sports diplomacy in shaping Mongolia's foreign policy including international relations, influencing political, social, and economic relations, especially by using major international sports events for strategic purposes. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sports as a diplomatic tool through case studies and analyzing the impact of sports on diplomatic relations between countries. In order to develop Mongolia's diplomatic relations with foreign countries and support international cooperation, it is necessary to make

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Reiterer, Michael. "Interregionalism as a New Diplomatic Tool: The EU and East Asia." European Foreign Affairs Review 11, Issue 2 (2006): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2006018.

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Singha, Dr Memchaton. "MATRIMONY AS DIPLOMATIC TOOL: A HISTORICAL STUDY OF 18TH CENTURY MANIPUR." International Journal of Humanities & social Science studies (IJHSSS) 10, no. 04W (2024): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.29032/ijhsss.vol.10.issue.04w.027.

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22

Janardhan, Narayanappa. "Belt and Road Initiative: China’s Diplomatic-Security Tool in the Gulf?" Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 14, no. 1 (2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25765949.2020.1728968.

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23

Пістракевич, Олена, and Мирослава Лісовська. "THE REACTION OF THE DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OF EUROPEAN STATES IN UKRAINE TO THE EVENTS OF THE RUSSO-UKRAINIAN WAR (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM OFFICIAL WEB RESOURCES)." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 2 (2024): 205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2024-02/205-218.

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The goal of the article is to study the reaction of the diplomatic representations of European states in Ukraine to the events of the Russo-Ukrainian war that covered the period of 2014–2022. The analysis is based on materials from their official web resources which now can be considered as one more tool of modern diplomacy. It is determined that the main events that received a response from diplomatic missions were: The Revolution of Dignity, Russia's armed invasion of Crimea, the war in Donbas, and Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine since February 24, 2022. The scientific novelty of the

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Biletska, Oksana. "Language Culture as a Component of the International Relations Specialists Training: Origins and Present." Issues in Cultural Studies, no. 34 (December 7, 2018): 170–79. https://doi.org/10.31866/2410-1311.34.2018.154066.

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The purpose of the work is to state the speech culture role in the training of the international sphere of activity specialists as an instrument of interaction with different cultures while performing their professional duties. The methodology of the study is to use such research methods as study, analyses and generalization in order to reveal the notion of speech culture, namely, diplomatic eloquence as the ability to choose and exercise speech act (speech behaviour) depending on the professional speech’ goals and content through linguistic means,

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Noyola Cuello, Mauricio de Jesús. "Mediation as a tool in Foreign Policy." SCT Proceedings in Interdisciplinary Insights and Innovations 1 (December 20, 2023): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/piii2023476.

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Conflict is a historical constant and a natural expression of individual and group differences. This diversity of ideas, beliefs and aspirations fuels confrontation, making conflict a catalyst for transformation and change. Disputes, from tribal to ideological, drive re-evaluation and adaptation, fostering innovation. Societal development adds new dimensions to conflicts, which now encompass wars, political divisions and social tensions, intensified by power struggles and limited resources. Despite its pervasive nature, it is essential to understand and address conflict, seeing it as an opport

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FERNANDEZ-GRELA, Manuel, Arsen MALTABAROV, and Gulzada APSATTAROVA. "DIGITAL DIPLOMACY: HOW THE EU UTILIZES FACEBOOK IN CENTRAL ASIA." Public Administration and Civil Service 92, no. 1 (2025): 177–91. https://doi.org/10.52123/1994-2370-2025-1361.

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This article analyzes the diplomatic presence of European Union countries on social media platforms within Central Asian countries. The issue under consideration is the need to evaluate the effectiveness of social media as a diplomatic tool for EU missions in Central Asia. The research methodology includes the analysis of Facebook data and diplomatic profiles from 2009 to 2024. The study employs engagement metrics such as the number of followers, likes, shares, and comments. Through these metrics, the authors sought to assess the effectiveness of the digital diplomatic efforts undertaken by di

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Naumkina, Svitlana, Oleksii Kokoriev, and Svitlana Dmytrashko. "PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AS A TOOL FOR SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DISPUTES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 9, no. 5 (2023): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2023-9-5-176-185.

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Subject of the study. The problems of economic diplomacy are constantly in the focus of researchers' attention, especially in recent years, when the challenges of the globalisation era have significantly changed the rules of interaction in international relations: limiting the possibilities of classical diplomacy within the Westphalian system, allowing new actors (multinational corporations, non-governmental organisations) to enter the diplomatic field, introducing advanced forms of diplomatic communication, etc. These innovations have led to significant changes in the field of economic diplom

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Burnay, Matthieu, and Joëlle Hivonnet. "Soft Diplomacy and People-to-People Dialogue between the EU and the PRC." European Foreign Affairs Review 19, Special Issue (2020): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2014020.

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The aim of this article is threefold. Based on academic literature in the field, the first step is to understand the link between 'soft power', 'public diplomacy' and 'soft diplomacy' tools in order to set out the criteria necessary to define what 'soft diplomacy' is and assess whether the P2P is indeed a soft diplomacy tool in the EU-China relationship. Second, a close examination of the diplomatic toolboxes of both the EU and China will demonstrate the benefits of using soft diplomatic instruments to consolidate and further expand the EU-China Strategic Partnership. Third, as the P2P appears

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Zhang, Rui. "Beyond Diplomatic Protection: The Evolution of Investor Rights in International Law." Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities 3, no. 9 (2024): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jrssh.2024.09.10.

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The effectiveness and utility of diplomatic protection as a core mechanism for the traditional protection of investors’ interests has been challenged with the rise of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanisms. While diplomatic protection remains advantageous in some cases, particularly in investment treaties without arbitration clauses, this essay analyses its limitations in terms of politicisation, high costs, inefficiency and lack of investor control. In contrast, the investment treaty arbitration mechanism offers a more rapid, independent a

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Abbas, Syed Qandil, and Saba Anwar Khan. "The Evolving Role of Saudi Arabia in the Middle East: Challenges to Regional Diplomacy of MBS." Global International Relations Review VII, no. III (2024): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/girr.2024(vii-iii).04.

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The state's role in regional and international affairs shifts with the leadership change, particularly when the new leader is younger and more ambitious than his predecessors. The role of Saudi Arabia has been evolving with the rise of de facto leader Muhammad Bin Salaman(MBS). As a foreign policy tool, Saudi Arabia, under the leadership of MBS, has chosen a particular diplomatic approach to lessen conflict, promote regional peace and stability, and develop its economy in order to gain more clout in the Middle East. So, what is the unique diplomatic regional approach of MBS, and why is KSA, un

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النعيمي, أ. د. احمد نوري. "Diplomatic work and its importance in foreign policy planning." مجلة العلوم السياسية, no. 50 (March 19, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30907/jj.v0i50.113.

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That the diplomatic work and its importance in foreign policy planning assumes the following points: 1. Choosing the tool in the sense of choosing the most correct tool that reflects the reality of the situation on the one hand and the disposal of strong energy to reach the implementation of the political decision. The declaration of war and entering into a resolution that uses force merely to face insulting ambassadors does not mean Power of the State concerned. But an imbalance in its foreign policy. 2. The coordination of the tools, that the foreign policy scheme must be such a role, and on

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Pomozova, Natal'ya B. "ON STRENGTHENING CHINA'S DIPLOMATIC STRATEGY AND SOME FEATURES OF THE PERSONNEL POLICY REGARDING THE HEADS OF THE PRC DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Political Sciences. History. International Relations, no. 3 (2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6339-2020-3-50-58.

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The article attempts to trace some features of the China diplomatic strategy in the context of the global confrontation between the United States and the PRC. Diplomacy is an essential foreign policy tool of any state. In the era of mass media and communication, diplomatic agents face new realities, while their role in implementing the foreign policy strategy is increasing due to the relevance of a new type of confrontation – the information and hybrid wars. Traditionally, the United States remained the leader in the number of diplomatic missions abroad; however, in 2019 China was ahead of its

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Sharma, Loveleena. "Social Media as A Challenge to Traditional Indian Diplomacy A Medium of Communication or A Mode of Diplomacy?" Jindal Journal of International Affairs 4, no. 1 (2016): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54945/jjia.v4i1.78.

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Diplomacy has witnessed several ontological and methodological alterations with the emergence of technological revolution, thus marking the advent of social media. This paper traces the vicissitudes brought in by social media, especially Twitter on the diplomatic plane. It examines these modifications at two levels: structural and individual, using the case of Indian diplomacy. At the structural level, it discusses the transition in the mode of communication; emergence of multiple actors and the transformation of diplomatic approach. At the individual level, it focuses on the shift in the role

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Morini, Francesco. "Adapting Dynamically to Change in Diplomacy: A Comparative Look at Special Envoys in the International Arena." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 13, no. 4 (2018): 545–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-13041002.

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Summary This article provides a comparative overview of the main features of special envoys/representatives dispatched by major foreign-policy players. It underlines the relevance of this instrument within a fast-changing diplomatic environment, characterized by increasingly numerous actors, evolving practices and complex processes that require a flexible approach. The analysis draws on nearly 650 cases of special envoys appointed by national administrations and international organizations over the span of 25 years, exposing commonalities and differences in the use of a long-standing diplomati

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Selbitschka, Armin. "Tribute, Hostages, and Marriage Alliances: A Close Reading of Diplomatic Strategies in the Northern Wei Period." Early Medieval China 25, no. 1 (2019): 64–84. https://doi.org/10.1353/emc.2019.a943132.

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Abstract: Early imperial and early medieval Chinese foreign relations have been mainly viewed through the prism of the so-called tributary system. Consequently, tribute relations with the Northern Wei court are either reduced to business ventures undertaken by foreign polities, or empty ideological exercises by the Tuoba emperors, who were only interested in having their worldview confirmed. Such views disregard the actual political and diplomatic value of tribute offerings to the Northern Wei. This article will provide a corrective through a close reading of diplomatic interactions recorded l

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Schulze, Mario. "Tutankhamun in West Germany, 1980–81." Representations 141, no. 1 (2018): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2018.141.1.39.

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This essay tells the diplomatic history of the Treasures of Tutankhamun touring exhibition, the most successful exhibition of all time, and its engagement in West Germany. It argues that the exhibition ascribed an ambassadorial role to its objects and used them as a tool of diplomatic propaganda. While the visit of the objects was promoted as an attempt at cross-cultural understanding, the interpretation and commodification of the exhibits also served to justify the West’s appropriation of Egypt’s natural and cultural resources.

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Putri, Sylvia Octa, Rino Adibowo, Diyat Nurrahman, Ilham Nurahmat, and Diva Priti Andini. "Indonesia's Diplomatic Strategy in Optimizing the Potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) on the Global Digital Economy Map." Proceeding of International Conference on Business, Economics, Social Sciences, and Humanities 7 (July 4, 2024): 1287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/icobest.v7i.657.

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This article aims to analyze Indonesia's diplomatic strategy in optimizing the potential of the internet of things on the global digital economy map. To this end, researchers elaborated on Indonesia's diplomatic strategy in optimizing the potential of the internet of things on the global digital economy map as a diplomatic tool in improving economic relations with other countries, implementing challenges. Researchers use qualitative methods by collecting literature studies, documentation studies, and internet searches. The results of this study found that the use of the Internet of Things (IoT

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Sudarsana, I. Wayan Alit, and Manual Selvaraj Bexci. "BRIDGING CULTURES: THE IMPACT OF BAHASA INDONESIA ON INTERNATIONAL LEGAL DIPLOMACY." Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) 2, no. 2 (2025): 2039–45. https://doi.org/10.62567/micjo.v2i2.743.

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This research explores the role of Bahasa Indonesia in shaping international legal diplomacy through a doctrinal legal analysis. By examining primary legal sources, such as treaties, diplomatic correspondences, and international agreements involving Indonesia, alongside secondary sources including scholarly articles, legal commentaries, and historical analyses, this study aims to uncover how Bahasa Indonesia functions as a diplomatic tool in legal contexts. The research critically analyses the extent to which language can bridge cultural and legal divides, enhance mutual understanding, and inf

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Britchenko, Igor. "DIGITAL DIPLOMACY AS A TOOL OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL COMMUNICATION: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS." Journal of International Legal Communication 1, no. 16 (2025): 30–39. https://doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2025.16.1.pp.30-39.

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The authors emphasize that the rapid development of information and communication technologies has radically changed the forms and methods of conducting diplomatic activities. The article emphasizes that digital diplomacy is becoming a significant factor in international communication, while creating a number of new challenges in the legal and organizational spheres. The problem is to identify gaps in the current international legal mechanism, in particular the lack of provisions on "virtual embassies" or liability for cyberattacks on diplomatic resources. A brief review of the provisions of r

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Tilsted, Jonas H. "Diplomatic Relations in the Interwar Period." Culture and History: Student Research Papers 7, no. 1 (2023): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/chku.v7i1.138105.

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This article studies interwar diplomacy. It does so, through the lens of the League of Nations Secretariat’s Political Section. It seeks to uncover how the section was created and how it was meant to operate. Using a prosopographical social network analysis the article dynamically maps the composition of the Political Section and what characterised the section. It studies how the employees worked and which form of agency they had. As such, the article has four key findings. First, the section was highly professionalised with more than 60% having a background in diplomacy providing the expertis

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Olishevska, Viktoriia. "Sport as a Tool of Power: the Case of the Russia’s War Against Ukraine." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 48 (December 20, 2023): 16–28. https://doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2023.48.16-28.

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The concept of soft power is described as a key factor in giving a sense to the sports diplomacy of modern countries particulary in course of Russia starting the war against Ukraine. The arguments are given for the biased character of sport which is always endowed with a marker of nationality, as well as political and social colors, thus bringing the athletes and teams as well as sports infrastructure into a set of diplomatic and political tools. Examples of the use of international competitions, the success of sports teams, and other athletic activities in the preparation and conducting of th

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SAVGULYAN, AREG. "USA ISOLATIONISM POLICY DURING THE REIGN OF PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT(1933–1941)." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 2, no. 2 (2013): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v2i2.283.

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The article describes historical, ideological, cultural–civilizational, diplomatic, military– political, as well as military financial–economic and legislative–legal factors of neutralist policy during the reign of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941). As a military–political and diplomatic tool of the United States, neutralism is continued to be used in the context of “good neighbor”, “neutralist” and “non–interference” policies. The doctrine of neutralism is trying to find its new place in the militarized world as a disinterested witness of the contest between good and evil ideol

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Staiano, Fulvia. "Domestic Workers’ Human Rights Versus Diplomatic Immunity: Developments in International and National Jurisprudence." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 22, no. 1 (2013): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-02201010.

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Diplomatic immunities significantly contribute to a protection gap for domestic workers in diplomatic households who are victims of egregious forms of exploitation and abuse, and thus, of serious human rights violations. The abuse of such immunities by diplomatic agents in order to shun judicial review by the courts of the receiving States constitutes indeed a serious obstacle to obtaining redress. The resulting conflict between international rules on immunity and domestic workers’ human rights epitomizes the increasingly frequent challenges posed by international human rights law to classic r

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Lazic, Vuk. "Turkey’s diplomatic mediation as means of positioning in new international circumstances." Medjunarodni problemi 74, no. 4 (2022): 531–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp2204531l.

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The ongoing crisis of the international order has opened up a series of serious questions about its far-reaching consequences, development perspectives, and possibilities of overcoming, as well as the trend of (re)positioning regional actors. Amid the Ukrainian conflict, special attention was drawn to Turkey?s attempts of diplomatic mediation. To better understand the strategic direction and current position of Turkey, the main intention of this article is aimed at clarifying the features, dimensions, and function of diplomatic mediation within its foreign policy. The first part of the article

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Gao, Jianing, and Xuan Ye. "Economic diplomacy: Analyzing theories and models for informed policy." Theoretical and Natural Science 36, no. 1 (2024): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/36/20240510.

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This paper examines the intricate relationship between economic theories, trade policies, and diplomatic engagements in the context of international relations. Utilizing theoretical frameworks such as the theory of comparative advantage and the Heckscher-Ohlin model, we analyze the foundational principles guiding global trade and policy-making. We explore the role of probabilistic models, including Bayesian statistics and regression analysis, in forecasting economic trends and their implications for international relations. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of trade policies, including ta

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Waliyullahi, Abimbola Damilola. "Russia/Nigeria Diplomatic Ties: An Historical Perspective." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 1 (2016): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n1p323.

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The Diplomatic relations between Nigeria and USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) now Russia started over 55 years ago. Russia, being the legitimate heir to the USSR in 1961, opened its Embassy in Lagos with Ambassador Feodor Pavlovich Dolya as the Head of the Mission, Nigeria reciprocated in 1962 in Moscow with Ambassador C.O Ifeagwu as the Head and till this day, both countries have maintained cordial political, economic and cultural relationships but not without some disagreements. However, Soviet involvement in Nigeria, just like in many other African countries diminished greatly in

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Voytishek, E. E., and Song Yao. "Traditional Games as a Tool of Buddhist Diplomacy in East Asia." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 24, no. 4 (2025): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2025-24-4-9-20.

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In the worldwide religious Buddhist tradition, regardless of its directions and schools, it has long been customary to exchange gifts as a sign of respect and good intentions. Important symbolic gifts exchanged, when establishing relations between Buddhist communities or organizations, both at the official level and at the level of personal contacts, are often objects of art, religious attributes – bowls, lamps, incense and censers, sweets, tea and vegetarian dishes, mandalas and Buddhist figurines. In this context, traditional checkers and chess games are considered as unique types of diploma

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Hartig, Falk. "Panda Diplomacy: The Cutest Part of China’s Public Diplomacy." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 8, no. 1 (2013): 49–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-12341245.

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Summary In late 2011 and early 2012, the People’s Republic of China drew on its most unique diplomatic tool: the giant panda. Although this phenomenon is widely covered by the global media, the practice of panda diplomacy is only barely discussed in diplomatic or international relations studies. This article uses the most recent revival of this diplomatic practice for a closer analysis and locates it as a special version of animal diplomacy within the frame of public diplomacy. It first argues that panda diplomacy is — besides all the efforts to promote and support animal conservation and biol

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AZEEZ, Ismail Adaramola Abdul. "The Influence of Digital Diplomacy on Foreign Policy." Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy 3, no. 3 (2023): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.38142/jtep.v3i3.770.

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The Internet revolution has affected all aspects of life, including international relations. Diplomacy as a tool of foreign policy has also being transformed by this revolution. This paper examines the concept of digital diplomacy, focusing on the use of digital media in the field of diplomacy and how countries are utilizing these tools in the pursuit of their foreign policies. It examines the opportunities and challenges these media offer for diplomatic activities, and argues that countries cannot afford to be left behind in this era of digital diplomacy as they can greatly benefit from these

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Bektenova, Raushan. "PRINCIPLES OF COMPILING A MULTILINGUAL AUTOMATED DICTIONARY OF DIPLOMATIC TERMINOLOGY." Alatoo Academic Studies 23, no. 4 (2023): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2023.234.23.

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In the context of the accelerated development of world relations and the growing importance of diplomacy, it becomes critically important to ensure clear and accurate communication between States and international organizations. Multilingual automated dictionaries of diplomatic terminology are an effective tool to help in achieving this goal. Diplomatic activity plays a fundamental role in the modern world. It ensures international relations, cooperation and conflict resolution between States. The central element of diplomacy is the using of specific terminology, which has many nuances and var

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