Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diplomats, German / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Diplomats, German.

Journal articles on the topic 'Diplomats, German'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Diplomats, German.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Moreno, Julio E. "J. Walter Thompson, the Good Neighbor Policy, and Lessons in Mexican Business Culture, 1920–1950." Enterprise & Society 5, no. 2 (2004): 254–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700013495.

Full text

Abstract:

This article looks at the corporate history of J. Walter Thompson to examine the nature of U.S.-Mexican relations in the aftermath of the Great Depression and World War II. It contends that local conditions, along with a cadre of “progressive” Good Neighbor Policy diplomats, forced American companies to adopt the role of “commercial diplomats,” altering the nature of what, up to 1940, had been a tense and bitter binational relationship. The article shows how Thompson's role as a commercial diplomat changed its previous “capitalist missionary” approach and how it complemented American diplomacy

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

MORENTE, FRANCISCO. "On Hostile Soil: Spanish Republican Diplomats in Berlin at the Onset of the Spanish Civil War." Contemporary European History 26, no. 1 (2016): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777316000503.

Full text

Abstract:

German intervention in the Spanish Civil War was decisive for its development and result. Traditionally scholars have focused their attention on the support given by the Third Reich to the military rebels; however, they have widely neglected the study of the relationship between Germany and the Spanish Republic during the first four months of the war, when both countries maintained diplomatic relations. This paper aims at exploring a crucial aspect of that historical period, namely the circumstances of the Spanish diplomats in Berlin during those first four months, and the strategies that the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Olsen, Kim B. "Diplomats, Domestic Agency and the Implementation of Sanctions: The MFAs of France and Germany in the Age of Geoeconomic Diplomacy." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 15, no. 1-2 (2020): 126–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10001.

Full text

Abstract:

Summary Tasked with the implementation of complex geoeconomic instruments such as trade and investment regulations, targeted economic assistance and sanctions regimes, European ministries of foreign affairs (MFAs) are increasingly exposed to a field introduced as geoeconomic diplomacy. This article argues that traditional literature on states’ strategic use of economic power has underestimated how MFAs of liberal and tightly integrated market economies are challenged in their abilities to realise geoeconomic objectives. Mitigating such challenges requires diplomats to engage extensively with m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Bogomolov, Igor K. "The Testimony of the Russian Consul in Koenigsberg Zinovii M. Polyanovsky about His Stay in German Captivity (1914-15)." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2020): 1131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-4-1131-1142.

Full text

Abstract:

The article brings into circulation the investigatory records of the “Extraordinary Commission for Inquiry into Violations of Laws and Customs of War by the Austro-Hungarian and German Forces” concerning German captivity of the former Russian consul in Koenigsberg Zinovii Mikhailovich Polyanovsky. With the outbreak of World War I, many Russian citizens who did not have time to leave Germany and Austria-Hungary were detained by local authorities on suspicion of espionage. Z. M. Polyanovsky, as a Russian diplomat, was their primary goal: he was detained on the very first day of the war. German a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Datsenko, Pavel. "Nikolai Vasilievich Isakov’s Mission to Munich, Stuttgart and Dresden in the Summer of 1854 and Its Role for the Neutrality of the German Confederation in the Crimean War." ISTORIYA 15, no. 9 (143) (2024): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840032620-1.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is devoted to the ensuring the neutrality of the states of the German Confederation in 1854, for which Russia, in addition to the efforts of its diplomats, resorted also to unofficial but demonstrative initiatives. Among them was the trip of the aide-de-camp of Emperor Nicholas I, Colonel Nikolai Vasilyevich Isakov with a special mission to Bavaria, Württemberg and Saxony. This trip took place in a particularly difficult situation of the growth of Austria’s militant rhetoric and the uncertainty regarding the Russian reaction to it. Isakov’s trip, therefore, despite its formal couri

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Lazarenko, Elena I. "The condition of Russian World War I prisoners of war in foreign camps (based on materials of personal origin)." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 1 (2022): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2022-27-1-201-209.

Full text

Abstract:

The situation of Russian World War I prisoners of war in the camps of the Quadruple Alliance countries is described. The relevance of the research lies in the study of the problem of captivity and comparison of the treatment of Russian prisoners of war in Germany and Turkey, using the preserved testimony of witnesses of the events of past years: diplomats, Russian soldiers who found themselves in German and Turkish captivity. The aim of the study is based on the analysis of previously unexamined documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, letters and memos. During the study, it w

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Richardson-Little, Ned. "Arms intervention: Weimar Germany, post-imperial influence and weapons trafficking in warlord China." Journal of Modern European History 19, no. 4 (2021): 510–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16118944211051858.

Full text

Abstract:

The Treaty of Versailles aimed to strip Germany of both its colonial empire and the global reach of its arms industry. Yet the conflicts in warlord-era China led to the reestablishment of German influence on the other side of the world via the arms trade. Weimar Germany had declared a policy of neutrality and refused to take sides in the Chinese civil war in an effort to demonstrate that as a post-colonial power, it could now act as an honest broker. From below, however, traffickers based in Germany and German merchants in China worked to evade Versailles restrictions and an international arms

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Müller, Jan-Dirk. "‘Wandering’ Scholars in the Beginning of Printing." Daphnis 45, no. 3-4 (2017): 412–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18796583-04503004.

Full text

Abstract:

The dissemination of humanism depends on personal contacts between individuals. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries there was an intense exchange between Germany and the Italian universities. German princes recruited administrators, counselors, and diplomats among Italian humanists. Italian teachers of rhetoric or art tried to make their fortunes north of the Alps. Apollon himself and with him the studia humanitatis are imagined as crossing the mountains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Filitov, A. M. "Moscow Treaty of the USSR-Germany and «Letter on German Unity». From Conflict to Compromise." MGIMO Review of International Relations 12, no. 6 (2020): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-6-69-46-60.

Full text

Abstract:

The article considers the course and results of the Soviet-West German negotiations that led to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 12, 1970, which became an important factor in defusing international tensions on the European continent. Special attention is paid to the problem of the genesis of the so-called "Letter on German unity", the adoption of which the Soviet side stubbornly insisted on the representatives of Germany. The article reveals the flexible tactics of the Soviet delegation, which was headed by the Minister of foreign Affairs of the USSR AA. Gromyko: taking into accou

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Preutu, Cristina. "Legaţia franceză din Bucureşti şi rezistenţa gaullistă." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 22 (July 8, 2024): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2023.15.

Full text

Abstract:

The German occupation and the establishment of the Pétain regime were not well received by most of the French population. Many of the diplomats who officially worked for the Vichy regime supported the French resistance. The present study analyses, based on unpublished documents, the way in which the French diplomats from Bucharest collaborated with the resistance movement led by Charles de Gaulle.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Franczak, Paweł. "Misja dyplomatyczna Thomasa Bodleya do krajów niemieckich i Danii w 1585 r. na tle poselstw Daniela Rogersa (1585 i 1588) oraz Johna Skeena i Wilhelma Stewarta (1590)." Studia Historyczne 62, no. 4(248) (2022): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.62.2019.04.01.

Full text

Abstract:

LATE-ELIZABETHAN DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS: A STUDY COMPARING THE LEGACIES OF THOMAS BODLEY, DANIEL ROGERS, JOHN SKEEN, AND WILLIAM STEWART TO THE COURTS OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE KING OF DENMARK Sir Thomas Bodley is not known well in and outside England, unless one studies the history of libraries and correctly ties him with the eponymous Oxford library, the Bodleian. Nevertheless at the end of 17th century he experienced a brief moment of prominence as an English diplomat heading an embassy to the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Denmark. No less important were three other diploma

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Tischler, Carola. "Behind the Curtains of the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs in the middle of the 1930s. On the Edition Deutschland und die Sowjetunion 1933–1941. Dokumente aus russischen und deutschen Archiven (2019)." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 15, no. 1-2 (2020): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2020.15.1-2.05.

Full text

Abstract:

Research on international relations today is no longer limited to diplomatic contacts but also includes economic and cultural ties. Another factor that should not be neglected is the people themselves; the personalities who shaped politics. This text focuses on those concerned with German-Soviet relations in the 1930s, both at the “centre” in Moscow and at the Soviet plenipotentiary representation in Berlin. This article deals with this range of problems against the background of Soviet-German relations in the 1930s both in the Kremlin and in the Soviet mission in Berlin. The article is based

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Kryvonos, Roman. "What Ukrainian Diplomats Need to Know about Germany’s Foreign Policy in its Relations with Ukraine." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XX (2019): 704–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2019-46.

Full text

Abstract:

The article deals with the place of Ukraine in German foreign policy. The Federal Republic of Germany is a leading partner in the process of Ukraine’s gradual entry into European and Transatlantic international institutions. It is noted that the methods of conducting German foreign policy were formed during the «Cold War». This has led to the predominant use of tools, which Joseph Nye summarized in the concept of ‘soft power’. However, Germany is faced with new challenges, such as, inter alia policy towards post-Soviet countries, including Ukraine. The main interests of Germany in relation to

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Mösslang, Markus. "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS." Camden Fifth Series 37 (December 2010): vii—viii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960116310000102.

Full text

Abstract:

The editorial project ‘British Envoys to Germany’ was initiated with the aim of shedding new light on official British perceptions of German affairs and the states of the German Confederation, and thereby contributing to the historiography of nineteenth-century Anglo-German relations. As hoped at the outset, the diplomatic dispatches proved to be a valuable source, providing insights into many aspects of nineteenth-century history. The quantity and quality of reporting, the informative and often subtle nature of the dispatches, and the freedom of their authors to report on topics other than th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Belov, Vladislav. "DEEPENING CRISIS IN GERMANY’S RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA IN 2023–2024." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 37, no. 1 (2024): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran12024516.

Full text

Abstract:

In 2023, Germany, in the context of the ongoing conflict around Ukraine, continued to follow the postulate formulated by Chancellor O. Scholz about a «change of eras» in relations with Russia. If in 2022 some stabilization was achieved in a number of areas, the next year was marked by a number of targeted steps by official Berlin, which led to a deepening of the crisis in bilateral relations. At the initiative of the German side, the expulsion of Russian diplomats was organized, followed by a mutual reduction in the number of consulates. The Russian Embassy in Berlin and its employees were sub

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Gladkov, G. I. "Language Schools of MGIMO-University." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(38) (October 28, 2014): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-197-202.

Full text

Abstract:

In 1943, when the Department of International Relations at MSU was established to develop one year later into the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), the first task of the faculty was to teach future diplomats of foreign languages, which they for the most part simply did not know. Of course, in the midst of World War II, the most important foreign language seemed to be German. But the question was in providing for language support for the system of world diplomacy of the Soviet state. And pretty soon it became clear that proficiency in two foreign languages was the main

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Matveeva, Anna. "Embassy of the Russian Empire in Berlin on the Socialist Movement in Germany in 1890–1898." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 5 (2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640015152-5.

Full text

Abstract:

The study focuses on assessing the representativeness and relevance of diplomatic documents for the study of key aspects of German domestic politics. Three issues are central to the analysis of the documents from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire: the completeness of the indicated sources for understanding the factors of the German Empire’s inner policy; the assessment of the subjectivity of the author of diplomatic dispatches, i.e. how much the ambassador&apos;s personality determined the content of the dispatches that he sent to the ministry; the relevance of highli

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Kostrikov, Sergei Petrovich, Stanislav Sergeevich Kostrikov, and Nina Akopovna Kazarova. "Reports of Swedish diplomats on the events of the First World War (based on the decryption of diplomatic correspondence)." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 1 (January 2024): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2024.1.69514.

Full text

Abstract:

The subject of the study is the decrypted telegrams of Swedish diplomatic missions sent to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Swedish Kingdom K. Wallenberg, intercepted by the special services of the General Staff of the Russian Army at the end of 1915-1916. Sweden, while remaining a formally neutral power, nevertheless not only closely followed the events on the fronts of the First World War, but also conducted active trade and provided transit services to both Germany and Russia, deriving huge economic benefits from this situation. The documents of this period mainly cover the events in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Butkus, Zenonas. "German-USSR diplomatic cooperation in Baltic countries 1920–1940." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 8 (2025): 68–72. https://doi.org/10.61903/gr.2000.204.

Full text

Abstract:

German and USSR diplomats in the Baltic states cooperated closely during the inter–war period, maintaining much closer relations with each other than with envoys from other countries. These were not just the usual diplomatic contacts where opinions were exchanged, and issues of international life discussed. Diplomatic cooperation between the USSR and Germany was a specific policy, sanctioned and organised at the highest level of both countries. This policy was aimed at ensuring that the Baltic states, like the other countries between Germany and the USSR, would not form any alliance, that they

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Vasilyev, Alexander D. "«A new Approach to the Issue of Friendly Relations with Turkey» and Transformation of Soviet-Turkish Relations in 1939–1941." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2024): 204. https://doi.org/10.31696/s086919080031694-0.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines the transformation of Soviet policy towards Turkey after the conclusion of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. The visit of V.P. Potemkin, clearly displayed a trend towards rapprochement between Turkey and the West. Based on the information about the German-English negotiations in London and the delay in negotiations between the USSR and England and France on countering the aggressor, the Soviet leadership decided to conclude a non-aggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union. The issue of the security of the Straits in connection with the general direction of Soviet poli

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Eisfeld, Alfred. "Germans of Ukraine in the Interwar Years (1918-1941)." Problems of World History, no. 10 (February 27, 2020): 107–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-10-7.

Full text

Abstract:

The article uses documents covering the process of preparing and conducting by the NKVD bodies of the Ukrainian SSR a massive “German operation” – an integral part of the “Great Terror” in the USSR in 1937-1938. The historical circumstances of the appearance of the order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 00439 of July 25, 1937 and the specifics of its implementation in the Ukrainian SSR are disclosed. They also characterize the methodology for selecting the “contingent” that was repressed (victims of the operation), the technology of conducting mass repressions within the framework of the special op

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Chigasheva, Marina A., Zhanna D. Egorova, and Vladimir V. Belikov. "The Analysis of the Translation of Political Media Discourse-Culture-Bound Elements by Future Diplomats and Journalists (In Germ.)." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 3 (September 25, 2022): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2022-3-154-168.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper focuses on certain aspects of intercultural communication in professional political contexts. With this aim the authors seek to analyze culture-bound elements in German political media discourse, determine their specific role and place in the language system as well as point out the eventual pitfalls on the way to translating them into Russian. Another important point of discussion in the paper is the importance of translation skills for international relations experts: journalists and diplomats. By following the relatively new academic trend of analyzing the use of language in profe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Vovchuk, Liudmyla. "The Diplomatic Corps of German Consulates in Soviet Ukraine (1922–1938)." Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 22, no. 1 (2023): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857x.22.01.08.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the study of the activity of German consular institutions on the territory of Soviet Ukraine during 1922–1938. German consular representatives operating in Ukrainian cities were career diplomats, who had higher education, a perfect command of foreign languages, and deep knowledge in the ﬁelds of history, geography, statistics, political economy, and international law. While operating in Ukraine, German consuls were taking their ofﬁcial duties seriously: normalization of bilateral trade and economic relations, the establishment of cultural ties, as well as protection and a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Kolesnikov, Ilya, and Marianna Dahrendorf. "Russian diplomats in German states in XVIII century: Frankfurt am Main, German principalities and cities." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2019, no. 10 (2019): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii201910statyi13.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Späti, Christina. "Arrests, Internments, and Deportations of Swiss Jews in France, and the Reactions of Swiss Authorities, 1941–1944." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 35, no. 1 (2021): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcab012.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Hundreds of Swiss Jews were living in France when Germany attacked and conquered it in mid-1940. Antisemitic laws came into force soon thereafter. One question was whether these measures would apply to citizens of a neutral state. German and French authorities applied such laws, for instance, interning approximately sixty Swiss Jews in the Northern Zone. The present study focuses on the arrests, internments, and occasional deportations of Swiss Jews living in France, and the often feeble efforts of Swiss diplomats and other authorities to extricate them. The haunting question remains

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Schuchard, Christiane. "Richter oder Diplomaten?" Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 102, no. 1 (2016): 123–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26498/zrgka-2016-0108.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Lawyers or Diplomats? Judges from the German Empire at the Rota Romana in the 14th c. (before 1378). The papal curia was a central stage of late medieval foreign policy. The pope’s court was not only the destination of legations and messengers, but also the residence of cardinals and other clergymen in papal service, acting as representatives of the rulers of their countries. Among these foreign courtiers, the judges of the Rota (auditores sacri palatii apostolici) played an important role, which becomes clearly visible during the 14th century. Although hardly any german auditores wer

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Schenderlein, Anne C. "Making German history in Los Angeles: German Jewish refugees and West German diplomats in the 1950s and 1960s." Jewish Culture and History 17, no. 1-2 (2016): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2016.1169691.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Petrova, Мaria А. "Language practices of Russian and Austrian diplomats in the second half of the eighteenth century." Central-European Studies 2019, no. 2 (11) (2020): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2019.2.2.

Full text

Abstract:

The introduction of French into the international sphere proceeded gradually throughout the eighteenth century and was largely due to the growing significance of French culture in the courts and educated milieu of Europe. By the middle of the century, French had not only become the most important language of external diplomatic communication, but had also gradually entered into the internal correspondence of foreign offices. Nevertheless, in the second half of the eighteenth century a large part of such correspondence continued to be conducted in the native language of the diplomats involved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Lazareva, Arina. "Diplomatic Activities of Councillors to the German Princes During the Thirty Years' War, 1618–1648." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 2 (2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640023769-3.

Full text

Abstract:

. In this article the author examines the development of the European diplomatic service during the Thirty Years&apos; War, 1618–1648. There was no diplomatic post on the payroll of German princes in the seventeenth century, so it was left to court counsellors to represent the monarch on the foreign policy stage and gather relevant information from outside their dominions, which would influence the choice of international policies. A diplomatic career required a number of factors, among them ancestry, education, and breadth of vision. Practically all of the councillors who represented thei

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Khristoforov, V. S. "Soviet Diplomacy and Intelligence Efforts to Facilitate Finland’s Withdrawal from the 1941– 1944 War: Insights from Russian Archive." MGIMO Review of International Relations 16, no. 6 (2024): 37–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2023-6-93-37-68.

Full text

Abstract:

Through both intelligence channels and foreign policy efforts, Moscow gathered information in early 1941 about the growing alliance between Berlin and Helsinki, including increased German-Finnish military collaboration, the deployment of German troops and military equipment in Finland, the recruitment of Finnish volunteers for SS units in Germany, the construction of fortifications along the Soviet border, and the massing of Finnish forces near the Soviet frontier. Despite initially maintaining neutrality after Germany's invasion of the USSR, Finland declared war on the Soviet Union on June 26

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Woesler, Martin. "World Citizen Lu Xun: Critical Reception of European Culture by Lu Xun with the Examples of Nazi Cultural Politics and of the Nobel Prize." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SINOLOGY 8 (2017) 8 (2017): 65–90. https://doi.org/10.12906/9783865154101_004.

Full text

Abstract:

Lu Xun was well aware of global politics in culture, as proven by documents discovered a few years ago. Three days after the book burning in Berlin on May 10, 1933, Lu Xun, as a Member of the Executive Board of the “China League for Civil Rights,” protested the “brutal terror and reaction” of Nazi Germany. Lu Xun took action and submitted an official protest to the German Consulate in Shanghai, which was taken seriously by the Nazi diplomats. He protested the racist suppression of Jewish authors while his own piece of world literature, “A Madman’s Diary” (1918), would have been considered “deg

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Marcinkowski, Christoph. "Germany and the Muslim World." ICR Journal 1, no. 3 (2010): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v1i3.733.

Full text

Abstract:

The relations between the world of Islam and Germany (or what was then the Holy Roman Empire) date back far into the Middle Ages and were particularly intense during the times of the Crusades. However, Muslims came to Germany in larger numbers as part of the diplomatic, military and economic relations between Germany and the Ottoman Empire in the eighteenth century. German diplomats and travellers, in turn, visited the Ottoman lands as well as Safavid Persia from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, respectively. In Muslim public opinion, Germany appears to have been always seen as the ‘frie

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kolesnikov, Ilya, Marianna Dahrendorf, and Inna Alexandrova. "Russian diplomats in German states in XVIII century: Prussia, Saxony and Holstein." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2019, no. 08 (2019): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii201908statyi13.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Matiash, Iryna. "German Consulate in Kyiv (1924–1938): Between Diplomacy and Politics." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-2.

Full text

Abstract:

The article covers the activities of the German mission in Kyiv as a cultural, political, and administrative centre of the Ukrainian SSR in 1924–38 in the status of a consulate and consulate-general. The data about the following heads of the consular institution is provided: Siegfried Hey, Werner Stephanie, Rudolf Sommer, Andor Hencke, and Georg-Wilhelm Grosskopf. The legal basis for the establishment of consular relations between the Ukrainian SSR and Germany was the Treaty on Application of the Treaty of Rapallo signed on 16 April 1922 between the RSFSR and Germany to the Allied Republics of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Sterkhov, Dmitry. "Between Hegemony and Federalism. The Prussian Plans to Create the North German Imperial Confederation in the Summer of 1806." ISTORIYA 13, no. 9 (119) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840019088-5.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is focused on Prussian attempts to separate the North German territories from the rest of the Holy Roman Empire during the summer months of 1806 with the aim of creating a North German Imperial Confederation under the Prussian protection. The reasons behind the possible foundation of the North German Imperial Confederation as well as the journalistic activities around this Prussian project are also in the centre of attention. The structure of the supposed North German Confederation are analyzed on the basis of plans and projects elaborated by the Prussian politicians and diplomats

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Sassenberg, Marina. "The Face of Janus." European Judaism 33, no. 2 (2000): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2000.330209.

Full text

Abstract:

As the unification of contemporary Europe becomes a reality, new questions arise about a common cultural identity. In this context, research on a common European Jewish heritage has achieved wide public interest. Involving economic and political, cultural and religious, social and academic questions, the history of the Hoffaktoren, as they were called in German, was not constrained by European borders. It is the history of those entrepreneurs, bankers, politicians and diplomats, who served their princes throughout seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, which serves perfectly as a research

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Musinova, Irina Aleksandrovna. "Germans in Korea in the late 19th - early 20th centuries as a translocal and bourgeois community." RUDN Journal of World History 15, no. 4 (2023): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2023-15-4-413-423.

Full text

Abstract:

This study deals with the German community in Korea between the conclusion of Korea’s first international treaties in the early 1880s and the country’s annexation by the Japanese Empire in 1910 in the context of transnational and global history. In the decades around 1900 the circulation of people, ideas, goods and capital beyond and across the national borders increased. The Korean peninsula has gradually integrated into global economic and political processes. The result of it became the formation of the European community in Joseon (Choson). The German community in Korea made up of diplomat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Datsenko, Pavel. "Dresden Conference 1850—1851 in the Coverage of Russian Envoys to the German Kingdoms." ISTORIYA 13, no. 9 (119) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840022752-6.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines the views of Russian envoys to the German states on the Dresden Conference 1850—1851, the purpose of which was to discuss draft reforms of the German Union. Numerous reports in which Russian diplomats reported on the preparation and course of the conference, covered its various aspects and changes in the policy of the German cabinets, constitute a valuable body of sources for studying the foreign policy of the Russian Empire to the German Confederation and the degree of its influence on the discussion about the ways of its development. The main attention is paid to the rep

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Schrank, Andrew. "Mobile Professionals and Metropolitan Models: The German Roots of Vocational Education in Latin America." European Journal of Sociology 61, no. 2 (2020): 185–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975620000065.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe Latin American model of vocational education has been widely portrayed as a homegrown success story, particularly by scholars and stakeholders who are aware of the region’s skill deficits, wary of alien solutions, and suspicious of institutional transfers more generally. Is the Latin American model really homegrown? I use a combination of qualitative and quantitative data to trace the model’s mores and methods not to the New World but to Central Europe and go on to identify three different transmission paths in the 20th century: imitation by Latin Americans of German origin, descen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yellice, Gürhan. "The Liman Von Sanders Mission Issue: Reactions to the Mission, the Stance of the Ottoman Empire and Germany (November 1913–January 1914)." Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi 41, no. 111 (2025): 1–56. https://doi.org/10.33419/aamd.1699281.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the Ottoman Empire and Germany’s responses to the international reactions triggered by the arrival of the German Military Reform Mission, led by Liman von Sanders, in Istanbul. The research highlights the mission’s significance in reshaping pre-World War I power dynamics between rival blocs -with some diplomats even regarding it as a catalyst for the seeds of war- particularly focusing on its potential to provoke a conflict between Russia and Germany. It examines the factors that compelled Germany to modify the mission, the Ottoman Empire’s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Szlanta, Piotr. "Stosunki narodowościowe w Królestwie Polskim w przededniu wybuchu pierwszej wojny światowej w świetle raportów konsulów niemieckich i austro‑węgierskich." Studia Podlaskie, no. 32 (2024): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.15290/sp.2024.32.5.

Full text

Abstract:

The article concerns the assessment of the nationality disputes in Congress Poland before 1914 by Second Reich and Austria-Hungarian diplomats. In light of their reports, relations remained tense. The Poles resented the Russians for continuing Russification (building the Orthodox cathedral in Warsaw, seceding the Chełm region and postponing the introduction of local government). In response, Poles boycotted the celebrations of the 300th anniversary of the Romanovs' accession to the throne. Russian authorities tolerated anti-German sentiments prevailing in Congress Poland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Sassoon, Joseph. "The East German Ministry for State Security and Iraq, 1968–1989." Journal of Cold War Studies 16, no. 1 (2014): 4–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00429.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite the close relationship between the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Iraq from the late 1960s until the mid-1970s, new evidence from documents of the former East German Ministry for State Security (Stasi) and the Iraqi Ba'th Party archives, combined with interviews of senior East German diplomats who served in the Arab world, indicates that the Stasi changed its policy in the second half of the 1970s and persisted with that policy in the 1980s after the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq War. This article gives an overview of relations between the Stasi and Iraq following the rise of the Ba'

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Pankov, Evgeni. "Representation of War in German Youth Memes: Using Reddit in Memory Studies." ISTORIYA 16, no. 1 (147) (2025): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027768-3.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines the collective interpretation of historical events and phenomena relating to the wars waged by the Germany from 1870 to 1945 among the members of German-speaking meme communities on Reddit. It also seeks to use representative capabilities of the platform to specify and clarify in relation to young people the approaches existing in German society to the interpretation of Germany‘s role in these events in the context of contemporary shifts in Berlin‘s security policy. By analysing the most popular publications and commentaries, the authors conclude that the “traumatic” dimen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Cherkasov, Peter P. "“Mr. Thiers’ Republic” in the Assessments of Russian Diplomatians, August 1871 – October 1872." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 3 (July 19, 2024): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0130386424030079.

Full text

Abstract:

The author explores the history of the establishment of the republican system in France in the early 1870s. The period is associated with the activities of the first President of the Third Republic, Adolphe Thiers (1871–1873). Russian diplomats in Paris, Ambassador Prince Nikolai Orlov and Embassy Counselor Grigory Okunev, witnessed first-hand Thiers’ efforts to stabilise France after its defeat in the War of 1871. They developed a trusting relationship with Thiers, who initiated Russian diplomats into his plans. For this reason, the study of dispatches, letters, and analytical notes regularly

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Berth, Christiane. "Umkämpfte Wirtschaften: Kaffeehandel, europäische Einwanderung und die zentralamerikanischen Ökonomien im Ersten Weltkrieg." Anuario de Historia de América Latina 55 (December 14, 2018): 285–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/jbla.55.76.

Full text

Abstract:

The article discusses how the First World War affected the Central American economies mainly dependent on the export of coffee and bananas. As European immigrants played a key role in the coffee business, the article also analyzes changes in their trade networks. During the war years, conflicts existed on three levels: first, the U.S. and European powers struggled for economic influence in the region. Second, diplomats tried to exploit immigrants for their political purposes which led to tensions. Third, the Central American governments attempted to use the global conflict for their own econom

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Cullen, L. M. "Review article: Writing in Japanese on Irish history." Irish Historical Studies 48, no. 173 (2024): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2024.3.

Full text

Abstract:

Even under sakoku (policy of national self-isolation), Japan observed the outside world. The result of the Meiji Restoration in 1868 was to create or reinforce close engagement with the world by writers, artists, officials and diplomats alike. While the first foreign language of most Japanese was to be English, some were more conversant with French or Italian (and in many cases, as late as the 1930s, with German). There has also been a handful variously able to read, write or speak a minoritised language like Irish; or an immensely challenging language like Finnish.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Fonzi, Paolo. "Non-Soviet Perspectives on the Great Famine: A Comparative Analysis of British, Italian, Polish, and German Sources." Nationalities Papers 48, no. 3 (2019): 444–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.27.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe present contribution analyzes systematically diplomatic reports written by German, Italian, British, and Polish representatives in the Soviet Union at the time of the Great Famine. Based on both published documents and unpublished archival sources, the article examines comparatively the perception of the Great Famine in these four countries. After providing a short overview of the diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and the four countries at the time of the famine, this article examines how German, Italian, British, and Polish diplomats explained three key issues for unde

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Grigaravičiūtė, Sandra. "Scandinavia in Lithuanian Diplomacy in 1915-1917." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 8 (December 28, 2000): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2000.37246.

Full text

Abstract:

1914-1917 Lithuanian politics suggested the Lithuania orientation question and decided to choose - The West - during Vilnius Lithuanians' conference on 18-22 September 1917. The Northern orientation of Lithuanians wasn't so actual in conforming with the West orientation, but it didn't mean that orientation to Scandinavia wasn't fixated in Lithuanians' political mentality. The facts in archive documents, old press, memoirs of M. Yčas, J. Tumas Vaižgantas, V. Bartuška, and the Lithuanian historians such as R. Lopata, A. Eidintas, A. Gaigalaitė. These materials obviously explore that the traditio

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Sinichenko, Vladimir V. "Diplomatic conflict between the United States and Russia during World War I in the case of Charles Moser, American Consul in Harbin, based on documents from the archives of the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Empire." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2025): 67–82. https://doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2025-1-67-82.

Full text

Abstract:

The article describes the diplomatic conflict between the United States and Russia during World War I in the case of the American consul in Harbin Charles Moser on the basis of documents from the funds of the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI, Moscow). The work uses the historical-systemic method based on the principles of historicism, which allowed us to come to the conclusion that American diplomacy since World War I has been based on the priority of American interests rather than the common interests of political coalition partners. The basis for the study was the lack

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Faucher, Charlotte. "Women, Gender and the Professionalisation of French Cultural Diplomacy in Britain, 1900–1940." English Historical Review 136, no. 583 (2021): 1513–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceac002.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article traces the evolution of French cultural diplomacy in Britain from the early twentieth century to the end of the inter-war period; it argues that this field of international relations could not have developed at this time without the intervention of a handful of determined women who undertook activities outside official diplomatic circles. In the first decades of the twentieth century, these women designed cultural strategies and ran institutions that aimed to promote positive images of France in Britain at a time when strong Franco-British relations formed a cornerstone o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!