Journal articles: 'Dipòsits de Zn-(Fe-Pb)'

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Raghavan, V. "Fe-Pb-Zn (Iron-Lead-Zinc)." Journal of Phase Equilibria 24, no. 6 (December 2003): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/105497103772084651.

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Khuder, Ali, Mohammad Adel Bakir, Reem Hasan, Ali Mohammad, and Khozama Habil. "Trace elements in scalp hair of leukaemia patients." Nukleonika 59, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2014-0014.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in scalp hair of leukaemia patients and healthy volunteers, using the optimised XRF method. Leukaemia hair samples were classifi ed corresponding to type, growth and age of the participants. The results showed that the studied trace elements (TEs) in both of leukaemia and control groups were positively skewed. In comparison with the control group, lower Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb and higher of Ni medians were found in all studied leukaemia patients. The median rank obtained by Mann-Whitney U-test revealed insignifi cant differences between the leukaemia patients subgroups and the controls. An exact probability (α < 0.05) associated with the U-test showed signifi cant differences between medians in leukaemia patients and controls groups for Pb (lymphatic/control, acute/control), Cu (lymphatic/control, chronic/control), Ni (lymphatic/control, chronic/control) and Fe (chronic/control). Very strong positive and negative correlations (r > 0.70) in the scalp hair of control group were observed between Ni/Fe-Ni, Cu/Fe-Cu, Zn/Fe-Zn, Pb/Fe-Pb, Cu/Ni-Zn/Ni, Cu/Ni-Pb/Ni, Zn/Ni-Pb/Ni, Zn/Fe-Zn/Cu, Pb/Ni-Ni and Ni/Fe-Pb/Ni, whereas only very strong positive ratios in the scalp hair of leukaemia patients group were observed between Ni/Fe-Ni, Cu/Fe-Cu, Zn/Fe-Zn and Pb/Fe-Pb, all correlations were signifi cant at p < 0.05. Other strong and signifi cant correlations were also observed in scalp hair of both groups. Signifi cant differences between grouping of studied TEs in all classifi ed leukaemia groups and controls were found using principal component analysis (PCA). The results of PCA confi rmed that the type and the growth of leukaemia factors were more important in element loading than the age factor.

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Agbozu, Iwekumo, Bassey Uwem, and Boisa Ndokiari. "Uptake of Zn, Pb, Cu and Fe Ions from Spent and Unspent Engine Oil Using Termite Soil." International Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 3 (July 26, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijc.v9n3p85.

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Removal of Zn, Pb, Cu and Fe ions from unspent and spent engine oil was studied using Termite soil. Process parameters such as contact time and adsorbent dosage were varied. Values from contact time were used for predicting kinetics equation of their uptake. At optimum time of 40 minutes, percentage adsorption was of the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb for both spent and unspent engine oil. Kinetics equation such as Elovich, Intra-particle, Pseudo-first order and Pseudo-second order were tested. Results obtained shows that their sequestering pattern fit into the pseudo-second order kinetics. Initial reaction rates, h (mg/g.min) and α (mg. g-1min-1) for all metal ions obtained from Pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models followed the trends Zn>Fe>Cu>Pb and Zn>Fe>Pb>Cu respectively in spent engine oil while for unspent engine oil, the trend was Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb for h (mg/g.min) and Zn>Fe>Pb>Cu for α (mg. g-1min-1). Electrostatic attraction existing on the surface of the adsorbent assisted in the high initial reaction of Zn and Fe ions, implying good affinity of the ions for the adsorbent. Desorption constant ᵦ (g/mg) was of the trend Cu>Pb>Fe>Zn and Cu>Pb>Zn>Fe for spent and unspent engine oils respectively. Intra-particle diffusion constant kid (mgg-1min-1/2) followed a similar pattern, revealing strong binding between Zn and termite soil than any of the metal ion. This pilot research has been able to suggest a kinetic process for uptake of the studied ions from spent and unspent engine oil.

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Raghavan, V. "Fe-Ni-Pb-Zn (Iron-Nickel-Lead-Zinc)." Journal of Phase Equilibria 24, no. 6 (December 2003): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/105497103772084697.

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Sharma, R. C., and M. Srivastava. "The Fe-Pb-Zn system (iron-lead-zinc)." Journal of Phase Equilibria 18, no. 5 (September 1997): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02647705.

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Suprapto, Sabtanto Joko, Iidrem Syafri, and Yoga Andriana. "ZONASI POTENSI MINERALISASI BESI-TEMBAGA-TIMBAL-SENG GUNAKAN DATA GEOKIMIA DAN GEOLOGI BERBASIS SISTEM INFORM GEOGRAFIS DI KABUPATEN SOLOK, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT." Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi 9, no. 1 (May 8, 2014): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47599/bsdg.v9i1.117.

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Kabupaten Solok, Provinsi Sumatra Barat mempunyai potensi sumberdaya minerallogam. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan daerah potensi mineralisasi mineral logam Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn di Kabupaten Solok dengan menggunakan kombinasi model statistik rasio frekuensi dan sistem informasi geografis. Analisis dilakukan terhadap data sebaran litologdan struktur geologi serta data 4 jenis unsur unsur dari 433 sampel geokimia endapan sungai aktif. Hasil kajian menghasilkan sebaran spasial sebelas daerah potensi mineralisaslogam Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan di daerah potensi Pisauilang, Kotanarudan Air Bertumbuk, ditemukan cebakan bijih besi di tiga lokasi dengan Fe sebagai unsupenyusun utama serta Cu, Pb, dan Zn, sebagai unsur ikutan. Kandungan bijih besi berupa Fe 18,15-70,9 %, Cu 0,025-2,34 %, Pb <0,001-0,004%, dan Zn 0,033-0,58%.

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Shuhaimi-Othman, M., Y. Nadzifah, R. Nur-Amalina, and N. S. Umirah. "Deriving Freshwater Quality Criteria for Iron, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc for Protection of Aquatic Life in Malaysia." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/861576.

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Freshwater quality criteria for iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) were developed with particular reference to aquatic biota in Malaysia, and based on USEPA’s guidelines. Acute toxicity tests were performed on eight different freshwater domestic species in Malaysia which wereMacrobrachium lanchesteri(prawn), two fish:Poecilia reticulataandRasbora sumatrana, Melanoides tuberculata(snail),Stenocypris major(ostracod),Chironomus javanus(midge larvae),Nais elinguis(annelid), andDuttaphrynus melanostictus(tadpole) to determine 96 h LC50values for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn. The final acute value (FAV) for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn were 74.5, 17.0, 165, and 304.9 μg L−1, respectively. Using an estimated acute-to-chronic ratio (ACR) of 8.3, the value for final chronic value (FCV) was derived. Based on FAV and FCV, a criterion maximum concentration (CMC) and a criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn that are 37.2, 8.5, 82.5, and 152.4 μg L−1and 9.0, 2.0, 19.9, and 36.7 μg L−1, respectively, were derived. The results of this study provide useful data for deriving national or local water quality criteria for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn based on aquatic biota in Malaysia. Based on LC50values, this study indicated thatN. elinguis, M. lanchesteri, N. elinguis,andR. sumatranawere the most sensitive to Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn, respectively.

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Chen, Su, Lei Chao, Li Na Sun, and Tie Heng Sun. "Impacts of Trace Elements Iron and Zinc on Phytoavailability of Heavy Metals Cadmium and Lead." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 504–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.504.

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In this paper, the soil simulation pot experiment was carried out to study the impacts of trace elements iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) on availability of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The self-made Cd and Pb compound contaminated soil was taken as the test soil, and wheat was taken as the test plant. The results show that with the increase in Fe dosage, overground dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight of wheat gradually increase; the application of Zn reduces overground dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight of wheat. Meanwhile, wheat biomass under Cd and Pb combined pollution is smaller than that under single Cd pollution or single Pb pollution. The application of Fe fertilizer increases Cd absorption of various parts of wheat. In the single Cd pollution treatment, with the increase in Fe dosage, Cd concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will first be increased, then decreased; in Cd and Pb combined pollution treatment, with the increase in Fe, Cd concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will also be increased. The application of Fe promotes the Pb absorption of wheat. With the increase in Fe dosage, Pb concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will first be increased, then decreased slightly. Compared with Zn0, Cd concentrations of different parts of wheat after Zn1 and Zn2 treatment increase significantly. In addition, with the increase in Zn dosage, Cd concentrations of different parts of wheat will first increase, then decrease. Regardless of single Pb pollution treatment or Cd and Pb combined pollution treatment, Pb concentrations of different parts of wheat decrease as Zn dosage increases. Under different Fe and Zn levels, and when Cd and Pb coexist, Pb can promote Cd absorption of plant, but Cd inhibits Pb absorption of plant.

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Prasath, P. Martin Deva, and T. Hidayathulla Khan. "Impact of Tsunami on the Heavy Metal Accumulation in Water, Sediments and Fish at Poompuhar Coast, Southeast Coast of India." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2008): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/132014.

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Investigations on the accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, Pb, Cd and Ni) in water, sediments and fish (Mugil cephalus) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer at Poompuhar coast, lying along the southeast coast of India was studied before and after tsunami. Accumulation of heavy metals was observed in the order of Sediments > Fish > Water. In water, the order was found to be Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd > Co > Pb; Mn recorded a maximum of 506.9µ. L-1and Pb recorded a minimum of 0.006µ. L-1. In sediments, the order was Mn > Fe > Cu > Zn > Pb ≈Co ≈Cd ≈ Ni; Mn recorded a maximum of 851.1µg.g-1and a minimum of below detectable levels were found in Pb, Co, Cd and Ni. In fish, the order was found to be Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Co ≈ Pb ≈ Cd; Fe recorded a maximum of 529.13 µg. g-1and a minimum of below detectable levels were found in Pb and Cd.

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Custodio, María, Daniel Álvarez, Walter Cuadrado, Raúl Montalvo, and Salomé Ochoa. "Potentially toxic metals and metalloids in surface water intended for human consumption and other uses in the Mantaro River watershed, Peru." Soil and Water Research 15, No. 4 (September 21, 2020): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/152/2019-swr.

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The concentration of Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn and As in the surface water intended for human consumption and other uses in the Mantaro River basin were analysed using multivariate methods. The water samples were collected from seven water bodies in the Junín region in June 2019, in the low discharge period. In each body of water, a sector with six sampling sites was established. The Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn and As contents were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The correlation analysis revealed positive and significant correlations (P < 0.05) for the Zn/Pb, Pb/Fe and Zn/Fe pairs with a good association, higher than 0.80 and for the Pb/Cu, Fe/Cu, As/Pb and As/Zn pairs a weak degree of association (P < 0.05). The analysis of the main components showed three components with their own values > 1. The hierarchical grouping analysis classified the evaluated water bodies into three groups according to the concentration of the Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn and As. The high concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic recorded in the CIMIRM and MERIS irrigation channels reveal that the Mantaro River continues to be a sink for mine wastewater discharges and runoff from mining liabilities at the headwaters of the Mantaro basin. It is, therefore, necessary to implement urgent management policies to control and reduce the levels of contamination by potentially toxic metals and metalloids in the Mantaro River.

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Solchaga, Margarita, Rosa Montoro, and Miguel Dela Guardia. "Flame Absorption Spectroscopic Determination of Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Lead, and Zinc in Mussels." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 5 (September 1, 1986): 874–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.5.874.

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Abstract A rapid method is proposed for determination of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in mussel samples. The elements are extracted with concentrated nitric acid in borosilicate glass tubes at 90°C for 1 h, and determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Detection limits for a 300 mg sample corresponded to 0.3 μg Cd/g, 0.7 μg Cu/g, 33 μg Fe/g, 0.7 μg Pb/g, and 6 μg Zn/g. The coefficient of variation for 20 independent analyses was 7% for Cd, 7% for Cu, 6% for Fe, 14% for Pb, and 8% for Zn. Recoveries were 107 ± 3% for Cd, 90 ± 3% for Cu, 94 ± 1% for Fe, 90 ± 5% for Pb, and 96 ± 3% for Zn. The accuracy of the method was determined by analyzing NBS Oyster Tissues.

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Andreas, Roy, and Jing Zhang. "Fractionation And Environmental Risk Of Trace Metals In Surface Sediment Of The East China Sea By Modified BCR Sequential Extraction Method." Molekul 11, no. 1 (May 16, 2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2016.11.1.193.

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Geochemical fractionation of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Zink (Zn), Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) in sediment of the East China Sea were determined using four-stages of modified BCR sequential extraction method combination with ICP-MS. The total concentration of trace metals in sediment samples were in the following order: Fe >Mn>Pb> Zn > Co > Cd. Cd is present mainly in acid soluble fraction. Pb and Mn are in the group with presenting of easy reducible fraction and acid soluble fraction. Fe and Co were found in a group with mainly in residual fraction, while Zn was distributed in all four fractions. The highest contamination factors were found for Cd and Mn while the lowest were found for Fe and Co in almost station. The result showed low risk for Fe and Co in all station, Pb (except S2 and S3), Zn at S3,S6 and S7, and Mn at S1. A medium risk is indicated for Pb at S2 and S3, Zn at S1 and S5, and Mn at S2 and S6. A high risk showed for Zn at S2 and S4, and Mn at S4 and S5, while Cd at almost station (except S4) was very high risk.

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Shuhaimi-Othman, Mohammad, Nadzifah Yakub, Nur-Amalina Ramle, and Ahmad Abas. "Toxicity of Metals to a Freshwater Ostracod:Stenocypris major." Journal of Toxicology 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/136104.

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Adults of freshwater ostracodStenocypris major(Crustacea, Candonidae) were exposed for a four-day period in laboratory conditions to a range of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), and manganese (Mn) concentrations. Mortality was assessed, and median lethal times (LT50) and concentrations (LC50) were calculated. LT50and LC50increased with the decrease in mean exposure concentrations and times, respectively, for all metals. LC50s for 96 hours for Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Al, and Mn were 25.2, 13.1, 1189.8, 526.2, 19743.7, 278.9, 3101.9, and 510.2 μg/L, respectively. Metals bioconcentration inS. majorincreases with exposure to increasing concentrations, and Cd was the most toxic toS. major, followed by Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Al, and Ni (Cd>Cu>Fe>Mn>Pb>Zn>Al>Ni). Comparison of LC50values for metals for this species with those for other freshwater crustacean reveals thatS. majoris equally or more sensitive to metals than most other tested crustacean.

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Shuhaimi-Othman, Mohammad, Nadzifah Yakub, Nur Shahirul Umirah, and Ahmad Abas. "Toxicity of eight metals to Malaysian freshwater midge larvae Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae)." Toxicology and Industrial Health 27, no. 10 (March 14, 2011): 879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233711399318.

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Fourth instars larvae of freshwater midge Chironomus javanus (Diptera, Chironomidae) were exposed for a 4-day period in laboratory conditions to a range of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al) and manganese (Mn) concentrations. Mortality was assessed and median lethal concentrations (LC50) were calculated. LC50 increased with the decrease in mean exposure times, for all metals. LC50s for 96 hours for Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Al and Mn were 0.17, 0.06, 5.57, 0.72, 5.32, 0.62, 1.43 and 5.27 mg/L, respectively. Metals bioconcentration in C. javanus increases with exposure to increasing concentrations and Cd was the most toxic to C. javanus, followed by Cu, Fe, Pb, Al, Mn, Zn and Ni (Cd > Cu > Fe > Pb > Al > Mn > Zn > Ni). Comparison of LC50 values for metals for this species with those for other freshwater midges reveals that C. javanus is equally or more sensitive to metals than most other tested dipteran.

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Sack, R. O., J. V. G. Lynch, and F. Foit. "Fahlore as a petrogenetic indicator: Keno Hill Ag-Pb-Zn District, Yukon, Canada." Mineralogical Magazine 67, no. 5 (October 2003): 1023–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461036750141.

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AbstractFahlores [~(Cu,Ag)10(Zn,Fe)2Sb4S13] from the Keno Hill mining district, central Yukon, Canada record virtually the entire petrogenetic history of a Cretaceous hydrothermal system extending over 40 km outward from the Mayo Lake granitic pluton. These fahlores are an essential constituent of polymetallic sulphide veins developed in a graphitic Mississippian quartzite, where they occur in association with sphalerite, pyrargyrite, galena and siderite. Fahlores exhibit pronounced east-west zoning in average Ag/(Ag+Cu) and Zn/(Zn+Fe) values, with these simultaneously increasing and decreasing from east to west over 20 km of hydrothermal activity. These zonations are coupled with average Ag/(Ag+Cu) and Zn/(Zn+Fe) values in fahlore roughly paralleling the 300°C isotherm for fahlores in equilibrium with pyrargyrite, miargyrite and sphalerite in the simple system Ag2S-Cu2S-ZnS-FeS-Sb2S3. Early high-Ag, high-Zn fahlores from the eastern and western mines have Ag/(Ag+Cu) and Zn/(Zn+Fe) values requiring temperatures ≥400°C, in agreement with temperatures established from the As-content of arsenopyrite coexisting with pyrite, pyrrhotite and sphalerite. Ag/(Ag+Cu) and Zn/(Zn + Fe) values in later, main-stage fahlores are consistent with the 250–310°C range of temperatures established for boiling of Keno Hill fluids. Finally, Ag- and Fe-rich fahlores were produced by retrograde Fe-Zn exchange with sphalerite or crystallized from late-stage epithermal fluids which produced polybasite, stephanite, acanthite and wire silver. One such fahlore exhibits unmixing into high-Ag and low-Ag varieties. This is the first reported miscibility gap for freibergite fahlores and confirms the earlier prediction of such gaps.

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Iqbal, Javed, and Munir H. Shah. "Study of Selected Metals Distribution, Source Apportionment, and Risk Assessment in Suburban Soil, Pakistan." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/481324.

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Composite soil samples collected from suburban areas were analyzed for Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Based on pseudototal metal analysis, Fe, Mn, Sr, and Zn were the prevailing metals while Cd, Co, Cr, and Pb were the least participants. However, based on bioavailability, Cd, Co, Pb, and Sr were easily leachable and might pose adverse effects to soil biota. In ecological risk assessment, contamination factor demonstrated moderate contamination by Co, Sr, and Zn and high contamination by Cd, Cu, and Pb; geoaccumulation index indicated heavy to extreme contamination by Cd and heavy contamination by Pb; enrichment factor revealed significant enrichment by Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Sr, and Zn and extreme enrichment by Cd and Pb. Substantial human inputs for Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn were also revealed by principal component analysis in the examined soil. Overall the study area was found to be contaminated at considerable/high degree.

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Abdussalam, A. M., M. G. Kabir, and S. G. Nura. "DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN LACTUCA SATIVA AND SPINACIA OLERACEA GROWN FROM CONTAMINATED SOILS OBTAINED BESIDE FCE KATSINA, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-473.

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The study was carried out to evaluate the heavy metals accumulation in the stems, leaves and roots of Lactuca sativa (Lettuce) and Spinacia oleracea (Spinach). Pot experiment was conducted to examine the phytoextraction ability of these plants for some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in contaminated soils obtained from an area where indiscriminate burning of waste materials is being carried out beside FCE Katsina. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the determination of heavy metals concentrations. The mean levels of metals accumulation evaluated in Lactuca sativa show a higher amount of Fe (47.97 mg/kg) with the lowest amount of Pb (0.44 mg/kg) which follows the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb. Similarly, Spinacia oleracea followed the trend where higher amount of Fe (24.13 mg/kg) with lower Cd (0.25 mg/kg) content was detected, which follows Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was

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Peña River, Flor De María, and Enrique Beltrán Lázaro. "Aplicación de la fitorremediación en suelos contaminados por metales pesados utilizando Helianthus annuss L. en la Estación Experimental El Mantaro." Prospectiva Universitaria 9, no. 1 (June 23, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26490/uncp.1990-7044.2012.1.291.

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El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “APLICACION DE LA FITORREMEDIACION EN SUELOS CONTAMINADOS POR METALES PESADOS UTILIZANDO Helianthus annuss L. en la Estación Experimental agropecuario El Mantaro, consta de haber utilizado Helianthus annuss L, la cual ha sido instalado en 03 lotes (A, B, y C) de la estación experimental EL MANTARO”, de la UNCP, para descontaminar los suelos contaminados por metales pesados (cobre, cadmio, cromo, hierro, manganeso, plomo , y metaloides antimonio y arsénico para ello se tomaron muestras de suelos en tres etapas diferentes, antes del cultivo, en el cultivo y después de la cosecha; para el análisis de suelos se utilizó el método analítico instrumental de ICP-Masas, analizados en el Laboratorio Certificado por la Indecopi J. Ramon: Los resultados de la concentración de metales pesados en el lote A son: Sb(7,00 ppm), As(48,3ppm), Cd(4,28ppm), Cu (60,0ppm), Cr (10,00 ppm), Fe (13 865.00 ppm), Mn (1 082 ppm), Pb ( 111,5 ppm), y Zn (777,9 ppm). Los resultados de la concentración de metales pesados en el lote B son: Sb (11,0 0ppm), As (32,50), Cd (3,99 ppm), Cu (38,5- 24,7 ppm), Cr (10,4 ppm), Fe (17 002.00 ppm), Mn (969,2 ppm), Pb (54,5 ppm), y Zn(554,7 ppm). Los resultados de la concentración de metales pesados en el lote C son: Sb (6,00 ppm), As (26,0 ppm), Cd(3,03 ppm), Cu(33,2 ppm), Cr(10,3 ppm), Fe(18 285,00 ppm), Mn( 739,9 ppm), Pb (44,2 ppm), y Zn (426,1) y después de la cosecha de la planta los resultados fueron los siguientes: Lote A Sb(5,00 ppm), As (25,Cd (2,19 ppm),Cu (29,6ppm), Cr (5,1ppm), Fe (6 114,00 ppm), Mn (722,1 ppm),Pb (60,07 ppm), y Zn(314,8ppm) para el lote B: Sb (7,00ppm), As (14,8 ppm), Cd (2,59 ), Cu (24,7 ppm), Cr (6,00 ppm), Fe (9780,00 ppm), Mn (699,5 ppm), Pb (39,1ppm), y Zn (352,4 ppm). Y lote C son: Sb (5,00 ppm), As (18,6 ppm), Cd (3,11 ppm), Cu (29,6 ppm), Cr (5,8 ppm), Fe (11 126 ppm), Mn (671,4 ppm), Pb (43,6 ppm), y Zn (405,7). Los resultados de la caracterización fisicoquímica del suelo contaminado, fue analizado en la Universidad Agraria La Molina nos reportó: pH 6,93, Conductividad eléctrica 0,58, Porcentaje de carbonato 6,0, Porcentaje de Materia Orgánica 3,31, Capacidad de intercambio catiónico 15,78 y la Textura. Suelo Franco. La concentración de metales pesados fitoextraída por el Helianthus annuus L. fue analizado en Certificaciones del Perú, Laboratorio, el método utilizado fue el ICP-Masas y son: Raíz: Sb (2.00 ppm), As (10.27), Cd (2.61 ppm ), Cu (18,97 ppm), Cr (2,735 ppm), Fe (3 519,0 ppm), Mn (204,88 ppm), Pb (17,45 ppm), y Zn (298,3) Hoja: Cd (1,72 ppm), Cu (29,22 ppm), Fe (256,85 ppm), Mn (129,435 ppm), Pb (0,899 ppm), y Zn ( 94,93).Tallo: Cu (5,582 ppm), Fe (276,05 ppm), Mn (32,135 ppm), Pb (0,3685 ppm), y Zn (100,135 ppm) Flor: Cu (43,90 ppm), Cr (10,23 ppm), Fe (9006,67 ppm), Mn (705,53 ppm), Pb (47,87 ppm), y Zn. Semilla: no se reporta concentración de metales pesados con excepción del Cd (0,228 ppm).

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YEMI, OLADUNJOYE RASHEED, Asiru R. A., and Shokoya D. A. "Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn, Zn) Contents in Ungulates of Ogun State Agricultural Farm Settlement, Ago - Iwoye, Nigeria." Journal of Biology and Life Science 6, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.6787.

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Heavy metals are natural components of the earth's crust which can neither be degraded nor destroyed and were known as trace elements as they occur in minute concentrations in biological systems. This study was aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the commonly consumed duikers in an agricultural farm settlement. Commercially available four duikers (Cephalophus spp.) were collected for four weeks and four organs (skin, lungs, kidney and liver) from each sample were used. All the organs sampled were subjected to 7 heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr and Cd) tests using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (VGB 210 System) following standard procedure. All data were subjected to statistical analysis to find out the significant difference of heavy metal in each organ of and their accumulation effects. Heavy metals concentration in Cephalophus spp was in descending order of Cd (0.29±0.02 - 0.92±0.01) < Pb (0.52±0.03-1.08±0.06) < Cr (0.78±0.05-2.47±0.19) < Cu (5.05±0.30-13.35±0.54) < Mn (7.30±0.49-14.20±1.06) < Zn (75.52±3.04-125.28±10.57) < Fe (381.52±14.25-761.40±5.76). They accumulated the metals in ascending order Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Cr > Pb for skin, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Cd > Pb for liver, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd for lung and Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Cr > Pb > Cd for kidney. Variability of heavy metals in Cephalophus species may not be due to the differences in the animal diet and habitat, but, the level of acute or chronic contamination of their diet and habitat.

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Yang, Shangsong, Heng Wang, Xinyou Zhu, Tao Zou, Chaolei Yang, Haoyuan Jiang, Binbin Jiang, Xiyin Cheng, and Yujie Li. "The Metallogenic Mechanism of Skarn Sn-Polymetallic Deposits in the Southern Great Khingan Range, China: Constraints on the Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of Damogutu Sn–Fe and Dashishan Sn–Pb–Zn Deposits." Minerals 9, no. 7 (July 9, 2019): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9070418.

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Skarn Sn-polymetallic deposits, located in the southern Great Khingan Range, can be divided into Sn–Fe and Sn–Pb–Zn deposits. By systematically studying the geochemical characteristics of source granitoid and deposits, the ore-forming mechanisms were established, and the differences in ore-forming processes between Sn–Fe and Sn–Pb–Zn deposits are discussed. The main findings are as follows: (1) these two deposits were formed in the Late-Yanshanian period; (2) the source granitoid evolved at an early stage in a reducing environment, while the oxygen fugacity increased at a late stage through the influence of a deep-seated fault; (3) fine-grained syenogranite from Dashishan showed a higher degree of evolution than the syenogranite from Damogutu; (4) the Damogutu Sn–Fe and Dashishan Sn–Pb–Zn deposits shared a source of ore-forming fluid, and Fe, Sn, Pb, and Zn all derived from Late-Yanshanian granitoids; and (5) the ore-forming fluid experienced a continuous evolution process from the magmatic to hydrothermal stage, and the magmatic–hydrothermal transitional fluid played a very important role in skarnization and mineralization.

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Afanasyeva, Larisa Vladimirovna, and Tuyana Ayushievna Ayushina. "FEATURES OF MICROELEMENTS ACCUMULATION IN ROSA ACICULARIS PLANTS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (April 8, 2019): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019035137.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the microelements (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cd) content and distribution in the aboveground and underground parts of the Rosa acicularis, grown in different ecological conditions in the Barguzinsky district (the Republic of Buryatia). Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of microelements. The highest concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, and Co are found in the roots of R. acicularis, Mn, Cr, Pb, and Cd in the leaves, and Fe in the sepals. The rows of metal accumulation in different plant parts have a similar sequence – Fe> Mn> Zn> Cu> Cr> Pb> Ni> Co> Cd. The different intensity of elements accumulation by plants from the soil was detected. It was show Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb and Cd transfer in vegetative parts of plants without barrier, while Zn, Cu, Ni, and Co are characterized by a barrier type of accumulation. Due to the high level accumulation of Mn, Cr and Co barriers can be used as a potential source of these elements.

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Shuhaimi-Othman, M., R. Nur-Amalina, and Y. Nadzifah. "Toxicity of Metals to a Freshwater Snail,Melanoides tuberculata." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/125785.

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Adult freshwater snailsMelanoides tuberculata(Gastropod, Thiaridae) were exposed for a four-day period in laboratory conditions to a range of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), and manganese (Mn) concentrations. Mortality was assessed and median lethal times (LT50) and concentrations (LC50) were calculated. LT50and LC50increased with the decrease in mean exposure concentrations and times, respectively, for all metals. The LC50values for the 96-hour exposures to Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Al, and Mn were 0.14, 1.49, 3.90, 6.82, 8.46, 8.49, 68.23, and 45.59 mg L−1, respectively. Cu was the most toxic metal toM. tuberculata, followed by Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Al (Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb > Ni > Fe > Mn > Al). Metals bioconcentration inM. tuberculataincreases with exposure to increasing concentrations and Cu has the highest accumulation (concentration factor) in the soft tissues. A comparison of LC50values for metals for this species with those for other freshwater gastropods reveals thatM. tuberculatais equally sensitive to metals.

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Oertzen, G. U. von, R. T. Jones, and A. R. Gerson. "Electronic and optical properties of Fe, Zn and Pb sulfides." Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32, no. 4 (May 12, 2005): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-005-0464-9.

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Wang, J. C., M. T. Hepworth, and K. J. Reid. "Recovering Zn, Pb, Cd and Fe from electric furnace dust." JOM 42, no. 4 (April 1990): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03220923.

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von Oertzen, G. U., R. T. Jones, and A. R. Gerson. "Electronic and optical properties of Fe, Zn and Pb sulfides." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 144-147 (June 2005): 1245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2005.01.019.

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26

Onyedikachi, Uchechi Bliss, Donatus Chuka Belonwu, and Mattew Owhonda Wegwu. "Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and commonly consumed food crops from quarry sites located at Isiagwu, Ebonyi State." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 29, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2018-0002.

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Abstract In view of ensuring healthy agricultural foods for human consumption, this study assessed the human health risk implicated in selected heavy metals in some commonly consumed vegetables, tubers, nuts and fruits grown around the quarry sites at Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Samples from agriculture area of Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, constituted the control. The concentration of Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb, were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The potential non-carcinogenic health risk for consumers which included Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) for Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Cu while carcinogenic health risk using Cancer Slope Factors (CSF) was established for Cd and Pb. Relative abundance of heavy metals across the locations and all samples was in the order Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. There was statistical significant effect of quarrying activities on the concentration of the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd) at p < 0.05 level. Based on the observed bioconcentration factors, cassava showed more hyperaccumulation potential compared to other samples. Pumpkin and bitter leaf also could be used in remediation owing to their high bioaccumulation index for Pb and Zn. THQ obtained for Mn and Pb were >1 indicating that the residents at the quarry site may be exposed to potential non-carcinogenic health risk due to Mn and Pb intoxication. With respect to US EPA prescriptions, average carcinogenic risk values obtained for Pb and Cd in this study indicated a lifetime (70 years) probability of contracting cancer suggesting that they be placed for further consideration as chemicals of concern with respect to the assessed locals.

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Qian, Yu, Huan Feng, Frank J. Gallagher, Qingzhi Zhu, Meiyin Wu, Chang-Jun Liu, Keith W. Jones, and Ryan V. Tappero. "Synchrotron study of metal localization inTypha latifolia L. root sections." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 6 (October 13, 2015): 1459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515017269.

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Understanding mechanisms that control plant root metal assimilation in soil is critical to the sustainable management of metal-contaminated land. With the assistance of the synchrotron X-ray fluorescence technique, this study investigated possible mechanisms that control the localization of Fe, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in the root tissues ofTypha latifolia L. collected from a contaminated wetland. Metal localizations especially in the case of Fe and Pb in the dermal tissue and the vascular bundles were different. Cluster analysis was performed to divide the dermal tissue into iron-plaque-enriched dermal tissue and regular dermal tissue based on the spatial distribution of Pb and Fe. Factor analysis showed that Cu and Zn were closely correlated to each other in the dermal tissues. The association of Cu, Zn and Mn with Fe was strong in both regular dermal tissue and iron-plaque-enriched dermal tissue, while significant (p< 0.05) correlation of Fe with Pb was only observed in tissues enriched with iron plaque. In the vascular bundles, Zn, Mn and Cu showed strong association, suggesting that the localization of these three elements was controlled by a similar mechanism. Iron plaque in the peripheral dermal tissues acted as a barrier for Pb and a buffer for Zn, Cu and Mn. The Casparian strip regulated the transportation of metals from dermal tissues to the vascular bundles. The results suggested that the mechanisms controlling metal localization in root tissues varied with both tissue types and metals.

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Arévalo-Hernández, César O., Adailton L. Nascimento Junior, Arlicelio P. Queiroz, Eduardo Gross, and Luciano da S. Souza. "Exploratory analysis of trace elements in soils and plants affected by a gossan in the Semiarid." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, no. 2 (February 2021): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n2p139-145.

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ABSTRACT Trace elements in high concentrations are a huge problem worldwide. Monitoring of natural areas with a high concentration of these elements, such as soils under the influence of gossans, is important since there is little information available. This study aimed to evaluate the pseudo total and available concentrations of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in the soil and its accumulation in native and cultivated plants in the area under the influence of gossan in the Semiarid region in Brazil. Soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the North, South, and center areas of the gossan and five transections separated by 1000 m. The pseudo total (EPA3050A) and available concentration (DTPA, Mehlich) of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were determined. In the same points, plant samples were collected and processed to determine the concentration and bioconcentration factor of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn. Soils under the influence of the gossan had high Pb and Zn concentration (exceeding soil reference values), indicating that care should be taken in these areas to prevent any risk for the local community. Plants showed different accumulation patterns, with a higher accumulation of trace elements in the shoot (Fe, Mn, Zn), while Pb was primarily accumulated in the roots. Even though soil concentrations were high, plants showed in general, low bioconcentration factor of the potentially toxic elements, except for Zn, indicating that soil conditions limit their availability.

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Arévalo-Hernández, César O., Adailton L. Nascimento Junior, Arlicelio P. Queiroz, Eduardo Gross, and Luciano da S. Souza. "Exploratory analysis of trace elements in soils and plants affected by a gossan in the Semiarid." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, no. 2 (February 2021): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n2p139-145.

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ABSTRACT Trace elements in high concentrations are a huge problem worldwide. Monitoring of natural areas with a high concentration of these elements, such as soils under the influence of gossans, is important since there is little information available. This study aimed to evaluate the pseudo total and available concentrations of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in the soil and its accumulation in native and cultivated plants in the area under the influence of gossan in the Semiarid region in Brazil. Soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the North, South, and center areas of the gossan and five transections separated by 1000 m. The pseudo total (EPA3050A) and available concentration (DTPA, Mehlich) of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were determined. In the same points, plant samples were collected and processed to determine the concentration and bioconcentration factor of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn. Soils under the influence of the gossan had high Pb and Zn concentration (exceeding soil reference values), indicating that care should be taken in these areas to prevent any risk for the local community. Plants showed different accumulation patterns, with a higher accumulation of trace elements in the shoot (Fe, Mn, Zn), while Pb was primarily accumulated in the roots. Even though soil concentrations were high, plants showed in general, low bioconcentration factor of the potentially toxic elements, except for Zn, indicating that soil conditions limit their availability.

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Афанасьева (Afanasyeva), Лариса (Larisa) Владимировна (Vladimirovna), Туяна (Tujana) Аюшеевна (Ajusheevna) Аюшина (Ayushina), Юрий (Yurij) Алексеевич (Alekseevich) Рупышев (Rupyhev), and Татьяна (Tat'jana) Михайловна (Mihajlovna) Харпухаева (Kharpukhaeva). "FEATURES OF TRACE ELEMENTS ACCUMULATION IN VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA LEAVES IN THE LIGHT-CONIFEROUS FORESTS OF IKATSKIY RANGE (BAIKAL REGION)." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (October 22, 2017): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2017041939.

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The aim of our study was to determine the trace elements content (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, Co, and Cd) in Vaccinium vitis-idaea leaves grown in the light-coniferous forests of Ikatskiy range. Element content was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS,AAnalyst 400 PerkinElmer). Results obtained indicated that the metals concentrations in the leaves ranged from 0,05 (Cd) to 576 (Mn) ppm. The row of the elements accumulation in the leaves is: Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb >Ni ≥ Co >Cd.According to the coefficients of accumulation leaves acted as accumulators of Mn, Cu, Zn (CA > 1) and excluders of Fe, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cd (CA < 1). Significant correlations were found between content acid-soluble forms Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu in the soil and leaves (r = 0,48–0,76). The toxic trace element (Pb, Cd) analysis demonstrated that their content was safe for human consumption.

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Shakya, Siddhartha, Prekshya Gurung, Anjal Bohaju, Dipson Ojha, and Bhim Prasad Kafle. "Heavy Metal Assessment of Kavre Valley Basin River System." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 24 (April 10, 2019): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v24i0.23581.

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Recent population growth, industrialization and unplanned urbanization have led to an increase in untreated waste disposal directly to the river system, including heavy metals. The present investigation was conducted for assessment of heavy metals in the Kavre valley river basin system. Through this basin, two major rivers Punyamata and Roshi along with their tributaries, flow passing through cities (Banepa, Shree Khandapur and Panauti) and the heavy metals selected were Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd). Seven sites were selected on the basis of city size and meeting point of tributaries. Fe, Cr and Mn were examined using UV-spectrophotometry whereas Pb, Zn and Cd were determined using AAS. The highest concentration of Cr, Mn, Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb were determined to be 1.9 μg/L, 22.6 μg/L, 514 μg/L, 340 μg/L, 20 μg/L, 80 μg/L, respectively, with Fe, Cd and Pb exceeding the WHO limits.

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Han, Shuping, Wataru Naito, and Shigeki Masunaga. "Assessing bioavailability levels of metals in effluent-affected rivers: effect of Fe(III) and chelating agents on the distribution of metal speciation." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 4 (June 8, 2016): 896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.269.

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To assess the effects of Fe(III) and anthropogenic ligands on the bioavailability of Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb, concentrations of bioavailable metals were measured by the DGT (diffusive gradients in thin ﬁlms) method in some urban rivers, and were compared with concentrations calculated by a chemical equilibrium model (WHAM 7.0). Assuming that dissolved Fe(III) (<0.45 μm membrane filtered) was in equilibrium with colloidal iron oxide, the WHAM 7.0 model estimated that bioavailable concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Zn were slightly higher than the corresponding values estimated assuming that dissolved Fe(III) was absent. In contrast, lower levels of free Pb were predicted by the WHAM 7.0 model when dissolved Fe(III) was included. Estimates showed that most of the dissolved Pb was present as colloidal iron–Pb complex. Ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) concentrations at sampling sites were predicted from the relationship between EDTA and the calculated bioavailable concentration of Zn. When both colloidal iron and predicted EDTA concentrations were included in the WHAM 7.0 calculations, dissolved metals showed a strong tendency to form EDTA complexes, in the order Ni > Cu > Zn > Pb. With the inclusion of EDTA, bioavailable concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Zn predicted by WHAM 7.0 were different from those predicted considering only humic substances and colloidal iron.

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Rolka, Elżbieta, and Mirosław Wyszkowski. "Availability of Trace Elements in Soil with Simulated Cadmium, Lead and Zinc Pollution." Minerals 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2021): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080879.

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The research was based on a pot experiment in which the impact of increasing Cd, Zn and Pb doses on the content of available trace elements in soil was compared. Seven series of trials were designed: 1 (Cd), 2 (Pb), 3 (Zn), 4 (Cd + Pb), 5 (Cd + Zn), 6 (Pb + Zn), 7 (Cd + Pb + Zn). Aside from the control one (without the metals), three increasing levels of contamination were considered within each series. Mobile forms of trace elements (Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, and Cr) in soil were determined, in addition to which selected physicochemical soil properties—reaction (pH), salinity (EC), hydrolytic acidity (HAC), total exchange bases (TEB)—were identified while cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS) and availability factor (AF) were calculated. The application of Cd and Pb to soil resulted in an increase in the share of potentially available forms of these metals in their total content. The availability factor (AF) in the pots polluted with these metals was higher than in the control, in the range 17.5–20.0% for Cd, and 62.8–71.5% for Pb. In turn, the share of Zn mobile forms was comparable in most experimental objects, oscillating around 30%. Moreover, addition to soil of Cd, Pb and Zn usually caused a significant decrease in the content of available forms of Fe, Mn and Cu, and resulted in significantly higher content of available forms of Cr in the soil.

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Mustafa, Sayaf, Liqun Luo, Bo-Tao Zheng, Chen-Xi Wei, and Niyonzima Christophe. "Effect of Lead and Zinc Impurities in Ironmaking and the Corresponding Removal Methods: A Review." Metals 11, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11030407.

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This paper reviews the effects of Pb and Zn impurities and their removal in the ironmaking process. The phase changes during ironmaking were investigated, along with the removal techniques of such impurities and their environmental impact. Results show that distribution of Pb–Zn–Fe in Fe ore is complicated, the particles are fine, and the removal of mineral phase at high temperature is difficult. Therefore, the production and occurrence of Pb and Zn impurities in the ironmaking process were analyzed; such impurities reduced the overall productivity of the process. In addition, the important treatments for the removal of these impurities were investigated. Most of these processes eliminated the Pb and Zn impurities from the dust or sludge, but the main impact of the reduced productivity of the ironmaking process in the furnaces was still observed.

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Radosavljevic, Slobodan, Jovica Stojanovic, Aleksandar Pacevski, Ana Radosavljevic-Mihajlovic, and Vladan Kasic. "A review of Pb-Sb(As)-S, Cu(Ag)-Fe(Zn)-Sb(As)-S, Ag(Pb)-Bi(Sb)-S and Pb-Bi-S(Te) sulfosalt systems from the Boranja orefield, West Serbia." Annales g?ologiques de la Peninsule balkanique, no. 77 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gabp1677001r.

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Recent mineralogical, chemical, physical, and crystallographic investigations of the Boranja orefield showed very complex mineral associations and assemblages where sulfosalts have significant role. The sulfosalts of the Boranja orefield can be divided in four main groups: (i) Pb-Sb(As)-S system with ?Fe and ?Cu; (ii) Cu(Ag)-Fe(Zn)-Sb(As)-S system; (iii) Ag(Pb)-Bi(Sb)-S; (iv) and Pb-Bi-S(Te) system. Spatially, these sulfosalts are widely spread, however, they are the most abundant in the following polymetallic deposits and ore zones: Cu(Bi)-FeS Kram-Mlakva; Pb(Ag)-Zn-FeS2 Veliki Majdan (Kolarica-Centralni revir-Kojici); Sb-Zn-Pb-As Rujevac; and Pb-Zn-FeS2-BaSO4 Bobija. The multi stage formation of minerals, from skarnhydrothermal to complex hydrothermal with various stages and sub-stages has been determined. All hydrothermal stages and sub-stages of various polymetallic deposits and ore zones within the Boranja orefield are followed by a variety of sulfosalts.

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Wu, Wei, Yu Li, Mingshu Yan, Lechao Yang, Jiali Lei, and Hong-Bin Liu. "Surface soil metal elements variability affected by environmental and soil properties." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 22, 2021): e0254928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254928.

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Identifying the factors controlling the spatial variability of soil metal elements could be a challenge task due to the interaction of environmental attributes and human activities. This study aimed to investigate the critical explanatory variables controlling total Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg, Pb, and Zn variations in the arable topsoil using classical statistics, principal component analysis, and random forest techniques. The work was conducted in the core region of the Three Gorges Reservoir of China. The explanatory variables included soil, topography, climate, vegetation, land use type, and distance-related parameters. Average concentrations of the metal elements were in order of Fe > Mg > Ca > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > Cd. Soil Cr, Fe, and Pb showed low variability while others presented medium variability. Average concentrations of Cr, Fe, Cd, and Mg exceeded their corresponding background values. There were highly positive correlations between all metal elements except Pb, Cd and Cr. The principal component analysis further demonstrated that the sources of Pb, Cd, and Cr differed with other elements. The results of random forest suggested that soil properties followed by topography were critical parameters affecting the variations of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Cu. Agricultural activities and soil properties were major factors controlling the variations of Pb, Cr, and Cd. Further study should be conducted to understand the relations between the metal elements and soil properties.

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North, Jon, and D. H. C. Wilton. "Origins of stratiform and stratabound Fe–Cu–Zn horizons in the Lower Proterozoic Moran Lake Group, Labrador Central Mineral Belt." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 837–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-072.

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Zn, Cu, and Fe are concentrated as stratiform and stratabound sulphide-rich beds in the Lower Proterozoic Warren Creek Formation, Moran Lake Group, central Labrador. Upper Member sedimentary rocks have a hydrothermal-like Fe enrichment but a dominantly hydrogenous signature as indicated by high Al2O3 relative to SiO2, and high Al and Fe relative to Mn. The Upper Member shales and sulphide-rich beds were deposited as Fe-rich pelagic sediments. The paucity of Mn and abundance of Fe in typical shale samples and lack of Cu, Pb, and Zn fractionation in stratiform massive sulphide beds that contain up to 4702 ppm Zn, 533 ppm Cu, and 15 ppm Pb suggest that deposition occurred in restricted brine pools (i.e., Cu and Zn were precipitated rapidly and were not fractionated). Stratabound sphalerite mineralization containing > 3.7% Zn and 121 ppm Cu (but no Pb) was deposited in a porous lithology at the top of the Warren Creek Formation and represents a unique style of metal concentration.The stratiform deposits probably formed by advection of low-temperature connate waters in a situation typical of sediment-hosted exhalative mineralization (SEDEX). The potential for ore-grade metal concentration is apparently low because metal associations (Fe,Cu,Pb,Zn,Ba) are unlike those of sediment-hosted massive sulphide deposits, the sediments have a dominantly hydrogenous rather than hydrothermal signature, and the absolute grades of known occurrences are very low. The stratabound Zn deposit was probably formed by converting Zn-rich brines (≤ 200 °C) trapped during development of a hydrothermal convection system during a period of increased geothermal gradient. The potential for this type of occurrence in the Warren Creek area to reach economic grade is limited because the convection cells were shallow, ephemeral, and without the metal associations of sediment-hosted massive sulphide deposits.

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PO, Ogungbile, JA Akande, AO Adepoju, TO Ogunbode, and MKC Sridhar. "Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Oreochromis niloticus (Linn.1758) of Agodi Reservoir, Ibadan, Nigeria." MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences 6, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2021.06.00211.

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The concentration of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in Oreochromis niloticus(generally called Tilapia fish) was assessed at three different locations along Agodi Reservoir in Ibadan. Their relative concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Test location differences and seasonal variations of the values were examined using statistical analysis of variance at P<0.05 to establish pollution dynamics. The results showed declining order of heavy metal concentrations in the order of Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu>Co>Cd>Pb>Ni. Gradient effect was indicated. While Cd was found in decreasing order of concentration from inlet to the outlet, other metals like Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn had concentrations that gradually increased from inlet to the outlet.The concentration of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn did not change considerably with season unlike Fe, Mn, and Ni that exhibited substantial seasonal variation. It was concluded that heavy metal accumulation caused marked pollution dynamics inside the Agodi Reservoir. Also, bio-accumulation of the metals in Oreochromis niloticus could give birth to location and seasonal dependency.

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Stepanova, M. V., and V. A. Ostapenko. "Estimation of the content of metals and arsenic in marine fish used for feeding wild and exotic animals." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 1, no. 4 (2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202104005.

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The aim of the study was to study the content of some heavy metals and arsenic in frozen fish (capelin, herring, pink salmon, chum salmon, pollock, blue whiting, greenling) used for feeding animals of zoological institutions. In the course of the study, it was found that according to the value of the average content in fish used by zoological institutions for feeding wild and exotic animals, the studied elements form the following decreasing series: Fe > Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd. In the course of nonparametric statistics, significant differences were established in the level of accumulation of all studied elements, except for Pb and Cd, by representatives of different fish families. Herring is characterized by a high level of accumulation of Zn and As, low – Cd, salmon: high concentration of Fe, Pb, Cd, low – Cu and As. Greenlings to a greater extent than other families contain Cu, to a lesser extent – Zn and Fe. The rest of the elements in the representatives were kept at an average level. In the studied fish samples, the excess of MPC was not found. The presence of a reliably weak direct correlation the relationship between the content of Pb, Cd and As in fish and animal biosubstrates was established, and the antagonism between the intake and accumulation of the following elements in the body of birds and mammals was statistically confirmed: Zn – Pb, Cu – Pb and Zn – Cd. The accumulation of As in biosubstrates is facilitated by the intake of Zn and Cd, and Cu – Zn.

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Li, J., A. W. Rate, and R. J. Gilkes. "Fractionation of trace elements in some non-agricultural Australian soils." Soil Research 41, no. 7 (2003): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02146.

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The fractionation of Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in highly weathered soils was investigated using 5 operationally defined fractions: exchangeable, organic, amorphous Fe oxides, crystalline Fe oxides, and residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxide and residual phases were the dominant hosts of Ag in the original soils, but for soils to which soluble Ag was added, much Ag was in the crystalline Fe oxide fractions and only a relatively small proportion of Ag was in the residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxides and the residual fraction were also the major hosts to Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn.

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Li, Dengfeng, Yu Fu, and Xiaoming Sun. "Onset and duration of Zn—Pb mineralization in the Talate Pb—Zn (—Fe) skarn deposit, NW China: Constraints from spessartine U—Pb dating." Gondwana Research 63 (November 2018): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2018.05.013.

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Manullang, Corry Yanti, Lestari, Yosmina Tapilatu, and Zainal Arifin. "ASSESSMENT OF Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd & Hg IN AMBON BAY SURFACE SEDIMENTS." Marine Research in Indonesia 42, no. 2 (September 19, 2017): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v42i2.170.

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In this study, the concentration of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Hg were determined in marine surface sediment to assess the impact of pollution sources around the Ambon Bay by application of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The metals concentrations found were in the following ranges (in mg kg-1 DW): 27,598 to 51,716 for Fe, 13.7 to 44.8 for Cu, 51.3 to 163 for Zn, 0.1 to 0.66 for Cd, 0.04 to 0.44 for Hg and 14.4 to 24.5 for Pb. The results indicated the strong contribution of heavy metals pollution from the urban waste, residential sources, farming industry, shipping activities and ship repair activity from dockyard around the Ambon Bay. This study provides the most updated information regarding heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Hg) concentrations in Ambon Bay marine sediment.

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Kınay, Ahmet, and Halil Erdem. "Artan Dozlarda Kurşun (Pb) Uygulamalarının Tütün Çeşitlerinin Büyüme, Pb ve Mikro Element Konsantrasyonlarına Olan Etkileri." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 12 (December 14, 2019): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i12.2083-2088.2784.

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Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal pollutant for humans, animals and plants when the certain threshold concentrations exceeded. Tobacco can accumulate higher concentrations of Pb, and the genotypic differences of tobacco in Pb uptake and the response to Pb have not been clearly determined. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of various lead levels (Pb 0, 0.25, 2.5 and 10 mg kg-1) on biomass (shoot and root) production, Pb concentration and micro nutrient concentrations of two tobacco (Xanthi/2A and Nail) varieties. Tobacco plants were grown under controlled conditions, and required macro (N, P and K) and micro (Fe and Zn) nutrients were applied along with increased doses of Pb. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations in shoot and dry matter yield (shoot and root) of two tobacco varieties were determined. The increased doses of Pb significantly affected the dry matter yield. Despite the decrease in root and shoot, it was found that tobacco varieties caused significant increases in shoot lead concentrations. Increasing doses of lead to significant increases and decreases in green parts Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations of tobacco varieties. As a result, it is revealed that Nail and Xanthi / 2A tobacco varieties have a Pb concentration of less than 1.0 mg kg-1, even at the highest lead dose, but tobacco products made with tobacco varieties grown in lead contaminated soils constitute a risk for tobacco smokers.

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Троц, Наталья Михайловна, Наталья Владимировна Прoхорова, Галина Игнатьевна Чернякова, and Светлана Витальевна Ишкова. "Особенности латерального и радиального распределения металлов в почвах агроландшафтов Самарской области." Аграрная Россия, no. 10 (October 29, 2017): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1999-5636-2017-10-24-33.

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Одним из факторов, изменяющим структуру и функции почв агроландшафтов, являются соединения металлов. В работе выявлены и оценены особенности латерального и радиального накопления тяжелых металлов (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe) в темно-каштановых, темно-серых лесных типах почвах, а также во всех основных подтипах черноземов (южном, обыкновенном, типичном, выщелоченном, оподзоленном) в условиях Самарской области. Почвенные образцы анализировали методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии с пламенной и беспламенной атомизацией. Установлено, что содержание Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe в гумусовых горизонтах темно-каштановых, темно-серых лесных почв и в подтипах черноземов не выходит за пределы ПДК. Превышение над кларками земной коры выявлено для Pb в темно-серых лесных и темно-каштановых почвах, для Cd — в черноземах типичных и выщелоченных, для Mn и Pb — в темно-серых лесных почвах, черноземе южном, для Zn — в темно-серых лесных почвах. Коэффициенты накопления, показывающие превышение над фоновым значением, в почвах агроландшафтов представлены следующим убывающим рядом: Fe(1,9) > Zn(1,7) > Cu(1,5) > Mn(1,4) > Cr(1,4) > Pb(0,9) > Cd(0,2). По суммарному показателю загрязнения исследованные почвы образуют ряд (в порядке снижения концентрации): темно-серые лесные (16,15) > чернозем южный (9,81) > чернозем выщелоченный (8,72) > чернозем обыкновенный (8,64) > чернозем типичный (8,12) > темно-каштановые (7,83) > чернозем оподзоленный (4,79). Распределение металлов в почвенных горизонтах равномерно-аккумулятивное. Элементами выноса во всех изученных почвах являются Cr(0,42), Fe(0,43), Cu(0,66); Cd активно накапливается в выщелоченных (3,55) и типичных (2,17) черноземах, Mn — в темно-серых лесных почвах (2,04); Pb равномерно распределен в профиле почв и аккумулируется в профиле серых лесных (1,24) и темно-каштановых (0,94) почв; Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr накапливаются в верхнем пахотном горизонте; Fe и Mn мигрируют в нижележащие слои почвы.

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Onwukeme, Valentine Ifenna, and Victor Chukwuemeka Eze. "Identification of heavy metals source within selected active dumpsites in southeastern Nigeria." Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 36, no. 2 (May 24, 2021): e2021008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2021008.

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Discriminating contaminant sources is crucial for pollution control. The study aimed at identifying the source(s) of heavy metals in active dumpsite soils from selected areas in Southeastern Nigeria using statistical tools. The dumpsites were Enyimba dumpsite Aba (dumpsite-1), Okpuno-Egbu dumpsite Nnewi (dumpsite-2), Rice mill dumpsite Abakaliki (dumpsite-3) and Nekede dumpsite Owerri (dumpsite-4) in Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi and Imo State respectively. After standard sampling, elemental analysis was carried out using an energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer; Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Cobalt (Co), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) were quantified and results showed they were present in high concentrations above control and standard values set by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) / World Health Organization (WHO). Metals investigated exhibited variable correlations among themselves suggesting potential multi-element contamination, while soil organic matter (OM) and pH displayed both significant positive and negative influence on the metal availability in the studied soils. Test of significance of the observed correlation were positive and significant (r > 0.9 at p < 0.05/0.01) for Cr/Co, Cr/Fe, Mn/Co, Co/Fe, Cu/Zn, Zn/Pb, Cu/As, Cu/Pb, Zn/As, As/Pb in dumpsite-1; in dumpsite-2, only Ni/Cu; in dumpsite-3, Fe/OM and Cd/OM while in dumpsite-4,Co/Fe, Cu/As, Cu/Pb, Zn/Cd, Ni/OM, and As/Pb. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two to three components/groups based on square Euclidean distance and eigenvalues > 1, confirming sources to be from organic pigments in plastics, scrap metals and incinerated biodegradable wastes. This study concludes that statistical methods can provide a scientific basis for monitoring heavy metals accumulation in dumpsite soils.

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Begum, Abida, M. Ramaiah, Harikrishna, Irfanulla Khan, and K. Veena. "Analysis of Heavy Metals Concentration in Soil and Litchens from Various Localities of Hosur Road, Bangalore, India." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 1 (2009): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/943695.

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Assessment of heavy metal content in litchens and soil samples from various localities of Hosur Road, Bangalore south was undertaken. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were taken at various locations, the metals analysed were Cr, Pb, Fe, Zn, Ni and Cu. The geoaccumulation index of these metals in the soils under study residential areas indicated that they are uncontaminated with Ni, Zn, and Fe and moderately contaminated with Cr and Pb. In Industrial areas and traffic junctions the concentration of Fe, Pb and Ni was maximum. Heavy metal accumulation in few prominent lichens of some localities was analysed. Cr and Pb were maximum inChrysothrix candelaris(L.) Laundon, at the gardens of Madiwala and Silk Board junction with 95.29 and 623.95 µg g–1dry weight respectively. Fe and Cu were maximum inBulbothrix isidiza(Nyl.). Hale andPyxine petricolaNyl at Central Prison campus and Kendriya Sadan campus with 22721 and 338.12 µg g–1dry weight respectively,Lecanora perplexaBrodo at Infosis and Wipro Campus, electronic city have 531.5 and 634 µg g–1dry weight of Zn. While Ni and Fe were maximum in Arthopyreniaceae at Shanti Niketan of MICO Limited with 1100 and 23200 µg g–1dry weight respectively.

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Silva, Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da, José Ramon Barros Cantalice, Vijay Pal Singh, Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento, Bradford Paul Wilcox, and Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra da Silva. "Heavy metal concentrations and ecological risk assessment of the suspended sediments of a multi-contaminated Brazilian watershed." Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 41, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 42620. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42620.

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Metal concentrations in suspended sediments of one of the most polluted rivers in Brazil were measured. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma while Hg and As were analyzed with hydride generation flow injection atomic absorption spectroscopy. Contamination of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn was assessed using pollution indices, ecological risk assessment, statistical multivariate techniques and comparison with sediment quality guidelines. Suspended sediments of the upstream portion of the Ipojuca River are moderately contaminated, especially with Mn and As. On the other hand, sediments of the downstream section are highly contaminated, mainly with Zn, Pb, and As. Furthermore, the mean Ei (potential ecological risk) values of Pb and As showed considerable ecological risk in the downstream cross section. The comparison of our data with sediment guideline values indicated that the concentrations of Mn and Pb in the upstream section of the Ipojuca River pose a risk to sediment-dwelling organisms, while Pb and Zn are the metals of concern in the downstream section.

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Xu, Shan, Yun Feng Liu, Yong Qiang Yang, and Shou Yi Li. "The Characters of Bairendaba - Huanggangliang Deposits, Inner Mongolia, China." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1616.

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The paper systematically analyzed the relationships between geological conditions including strata and magmatic rock, etc and lead-zinc deposits, and found out their control action and features on Pb-Zn and Fe-Sn deposits, then established the comprehensive prospecting model for Pb-Zn and Fe-Sn deposits that consisted of geological, geochemical and mineralization information, which will provide theoretical basis for predicting the lead-zinc metallogenic deposits within this metallegenic belt.

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Fang, Guor-Cheng, Yuh-Shen Wu, Wen-Jhy Lee, Te-Yen Chou, and I.-Chen Lin. "Seasonal variation in concentration and metallic constituents of atmospheric particulates near the western coast of central Taiwan." Toxicology and Industrial Health 22, no. 5 (June 2006): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233706th262oa.

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In addition to determining the concentration and metallic constituents of particulate matter at Taichung Harbor in central Taiwan, this study attempts to characterize the mass, metallic elements, composition and concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSP), fine particles and coarse particles. Statistical approaches, such as the Spearman tests, were also adopted to determine the seasonal variations of concentrations of these pollutants. Experimental results indicate that the mean TSP, fine particulate and coarse particulate concentrations in spring and winter are higher than in summer and autumn on the western coast of central Taiwan. Spearman statistical analysis of metallic elements Mn and Pb showed high concentration coefficients for fine and coarse particulates on the western coast of central Taiwan. The order of mean metallic concentrations in TSP, coarse particulates and fine particles was Fe-Zn-Mg-Cu-Cr-Mn-Pb in TSP, Fe-Cu-Zn-Mg-Mn-Pb-Cr in coarse particulates and Fe-Cu-Mg-Pb-Zn-Mn-Cr in fine particulates.

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El-Shenawy, Nahla S., Heba N. Gad EL-Hak, Mahi A. Ghobashy, Maha FM Soliman, Farida A. Mansour, and Sarah Greish. "Risk Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in Two Fish Species Oreochromis Niloticus and Clarias Gariepinus from Sharqia Province, Egypt." Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research 8, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47739/veterinarymedicine.1204.

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Accumulation of heavy metals in fish is considered a critical problem for human health. Therefore, the study aimed to quantify the concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from two areas in Al Sharqia governorate, Egypt, from September 2017 to August 2018. A human health risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the potential hazards associated with fish consumption. Metals concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) in muscles of catfish ranged 1.88-221.26 for Fe; 1.78-19.77 for Zn; BDL-238.51 for Mn; BDL-22.75 for Pb. In muscles of tilapia fish metals concentrations ranged 7.96-149.10 for Fe; 1.20-19.77 for Zn; BDL-230.82 for Mn; BDL-25.93 for Pb. Pb had Hazard quotients (HQs) which indicated potential health risks to tilapia consumers at both study areas and catfish consumers at the Faqous area. Fishermen were at higher risk compared to the other consumers.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dipòsits de Zn-(Fe-Pb)'

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