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Academic literature on the topic 'Diprotodon'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Diprotodon"

Morris, Philip J. R., Philip G. Cox, and Samuel N. Cobb. "Mechanical significance of morphological variation in diprotodont incisors." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 3 (March 2019): 181317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181317.

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All rodents possess a single pair of enlarged incisors that grow throughout life. This condition (diprotodonty) is characteristic of Rodentia, but is also found in other mammals such as lagomorphs, hyraxes, the aye-aye and common wombat. This study surveyed lower incisor morphology across extant diprotodonts to examine shape variation within and between rodents and other diprotodonts, and to determine if tooth shape varies in a manner predictable from mechanics. Six linear and area variables were recorded from microCT scans of the mandibles of 33 diprotodont mammals. The curvature of the rodent lower incisors, as measured by the proportion of a circle it occupies, was shown to vary between 20 and 45%, with non-Glires taxa falling outside this range. Relative lengths of the portions of the incisor within and external to the mandible were not significantly correlated when the overall size was taken into account. Cross-sectional geometry of the incisor was significantly correlated with the external length of the incisor. Overall, incisor morphology was shown to vary in a way predictable from ecology and mechanics, in order to resist bending. Among non-rodents, lagomorph incisors closely resemble those of rodents, and, relative to rodents, hyrax and wombat incisors are somewhat smaller but aye-aye incisors are much more extreme in morphology.

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Case, J. A. "Differences in prey utilization by Pleistocene marsupial carnivores, Thylacoleo carnifex (Thylacoleonidae) and Thylacinus cynocephalus (Thylacinidae)." Australian Mammalogy 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am85002.

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A case for the partitioning of prey items based upon both the body size of the predator and the prey can be made. Thylacoleo carnifex appears to have been selecting animals of large body size (though probably not Diprotodon) all of which were elements of the Australian Pleistocene megafauna. Thylacinus cynocephalus, on the other hand, seems to have been selecting animals of medium to small body size. This would suggest that the two Pleistocene marsupial carnivores, Thylacoleo carnifex and Thylacinus cynocephalus, could have coexisted within a single community because their dietary niches did not overlap.

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Gillespie, Richard, L. Keith Fifield, Vladimir Levchenko, and Rod Wells. "New 14C Ages on Cellulose from Diprotodon Gut Contents: Explorations in Oxidation Chemistry and Combustion." Radiocarbon 50, no. 1 (2008): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003382220004337x.

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We report radiocarbon ages on cellulose isolated from the gut contents of a Diprotodon found at Lake Callabonna, South Australia. The maximum age obtained corresponds to a minimum age of >53,400 BP for this extinct giant marsupial. This is older than, and hence consistent with, the generally accepted Australian megafauna extinction window. We argue that dichromate and other strong oxidants are less selective than chlorite for lignin destruction in wood, and our results suggest that ages approaching laboratory background can be obtained using a repeated pretreatment sequence of chlorite-alkali-acid and measurement of the sometimes discarded 330°C combustion fraction.

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LANGLEY, MICHELLE C. "Re‐analysis of the “engraved” Diprotodon tooth from Spring Creek, Victoria, Australia." Archaeology in Oceania 55, no. 1 (April 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arco.5209.

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Price, Gilbert J., Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons, Ai Duc Nguyen, Jian-xin Zhao, Yue-xing Feng, Ian H. Sobbe, Henk Godthelp, Michael Archer, and Suzanne J. Hand. "New ages of the world's largest-ever marsupial: Diprotodon optatum from Pleistocene Australia." Quaternary International 603 (November 2021): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.06.013.

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PRICE, GILBERT J. "Taxonomy and palaeobiology of the largest-ever marsupial, Diprotodon Owen, 1838 (Diprotodontidae, Marsupialia)." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153, no. 2 (June 2008): 369–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00387.x.

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Price, Gilbert J., Kyle J. Ferguson, Gregory E. Webb, Yue-xing Feng, Pennilyn Higgins, Ai Duc Nguyen, Jian-xin Zhao, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and Julien Louys. "Seasonal migration of marsupial megafauna in Pleistocene Sahul (Australia–New Guinea)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1863 (September 27, 2017): 20170785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0785.

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Seasonal two-way migration is an ecological phenomenon observed in a wide range of large-bodied placental mammals, but is conspicuously absent in all modern marsupials. Most extant marsupials are typically smaller in body size in comparison to their migratory placental cousins, possibly limiting their potential to undertake long-distance seasonal migrations. But what about earlier, now-extinct giant marsupial megafauna? Here we present new geochemical analyses which show that the largest of the extinct marsupial herbivores, the enormous wombat-like Diprotodon optatum , undertook seasonal, two-way latitudinal migration in eastern Sahul (Pleistocene Australia–New Guinea). Our data infer that this giant marsupial had the potential to perform round-trip journeys of as much as 200 km annually, which is reminiscent of modern East African mammal migrations. These findings provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence for repetitive seasonal migration in any metatherian (including marsupials), living or extinct, and point to an ecological phenomenon absent from the continent since the Late Pleistocene.

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Asten, Michael W., Sanja van Huet, and Divya Nidhi Srivastava. "Tracking the Diprotodon - microtremor passive seismic profiling as a tool for location of megafauna bone beds." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2018, no. 1 (December 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2018abm1_1h.

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Menzies, J., H. L. Davies, W. J. Dunlap, and S. D. Golding. "A possible early age for a diprotodon (Marsupialia: Diprotodontidae) fossil from the Papua New Guinea highlands." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 32, no. 2 (June 2008): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115510801921895.

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Gröcke, Darren R. "Distribution of C3 and C4 Plants in the Late Pleistocene of South Australia Recorded by Isotope Biogeochemistry of Collagen in Megafauna." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 3 (1997): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt96040.

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Stable carbon-isotope analyses (expressed as a 13C:12C ratio relative to that of a standard: δ13C) on fossilised collagenic material in megafaunal bones can provide information regarding the palaeodiet (e.g. C3 and/or C4 plants) of these animals. Isotope analyses were performed on collagenic material extracted from bones of Sthenurus spp., Diprotodon spp. and Macropus spp. from Cooper Creek, Henschke Cave, Baldina Creek, Dempsey’s Lake and Rocky River in South Australia. The percentage of trees and shrubs estimated from palaeofloral records in south-eastern Australia and the dietary preferences of megafauna were found to be positively correlated. The dietary preferences of megafauna analysed from South Australian localities indicate that megafauna were opportunistic and changed their diet in response to environmental change. This suggests that megafauna diet can not be founded on dental morphology alone. Fossilised collagenic material in vertebrate remains can provide an insight into the broadscale nature of the vegetation. This approach is a good compliment for other palaeoecological data (e.g. sedimentology, spore–pollen, diatoms) by providing evidence for past climates in relation to the proportion of C3 and C4 plants.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diprotodon"

Mountain, Mary-Jane. "Highland New Guinea hunter-gatherers : the evidence of Nombe Rockshelter, Simbu, with emphasis on the Pleistocene." Phd thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/9440.

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Nombe rockshelter was excavated by M-J. Mountain between 1971 and 1980. Human activity is first documented at the site at about 25,000 bp and continues through to the present. Four extinct Pleistocene herbivores, Protemnodon nombe,Protemnodon tumbuna,Dendrolagus noibano and a diprotodontid,occur in late Pleistocene strata together with human artefacts. Large quantities of animal bone were recovered and the analysis of these supplies the major data for the research. Three main issues are addressed: 1. The nature of the relationship between the early humans and their environment through the period that covers the late glacial maximum at about 18,000 bp. 2. The relationship between humans and the extinct species, including the thylacine, Thylacinus cynocephalus, which was a major predator at the site, contributing bone to the deposits during the Pleistocene. 3.The use of faunal evidence as an indicator of economic and subsistence activities as well as local environmental changes. The data show that the human activity during the late Pleistocene at Nombe was sporadic over the period from about 25,000 bp to about 15,000 bp. Hunters were probably targeting the large herbivores living in high altitude forest and other species adapted to high altitude cold environments. Humans and large herbivores coexisted for about 10,000 years before the animals disappeared from the record. This coexistence does not suggest a rapid demise through human overkill. Palynological evidence suggests that people were deliberately firing small patches of highland forest as early as 30,000 bp. Such clearing could have been used to promote forest-edge plants especially Pandanus, which has rich oily nuts. These small clearings could also have been used as an aid to hunting. By the end of the Pleistocene, human hunting had switched to emphasise medium and smaller forest animals, especially fruitbats, macropodids, phalangers and possums. Bat hunting was especially important at Nombe, which is in a limestone area with many caves. In the early Holocene the temperatures rose and sub-alpine grasslands were greatly reduced as forest spread to higher altitudes. The archaeological evidence shows that more sites were occupied by 10,000 bp than before and the faunal data at Nombe indicate a steep rise in the grassland wallaby, Thylogale brunii. This species adapts easily to forest disturbance and may indicate that forest clearance was increasing in the locality. The early Holocene was the period of intense human settlement of the site. The faunal analysis employed in this study is designed to test the broad questions about human:...environment relationships rather than to supply detailed information about the size and sex representation in the species present. Species are often dealt with as a group and no individual bone measurements have been taken. The computer database has been designed to produce a flexible data set that can easily be adapted to taxonomic change. The success of the approach suggests that faunal evidence can be a sensitive indicator of environmental change and can be used to examine human predation strategies and changes in economic subsistence.

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Books on the topic "Diprotodon"

Dippy's Big Day Out (Dippy the Diprotodon, #1). HarperCollins Publishers, 2021.

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Clark, Phillip. Haematology of Australian Mammals. CSIRO Publishing, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643091030.

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Haematology of Australian Mammals is a valuable guide to collecting and analysing the blood of Australian mammals for haematological studies and diagnosis and monitoring of disease. It outlines general principles for selecting sites for blood collection and for handling and analysing samples to achieve quality results. Chapters then describe the morphology and function of haematological cells, with reference to the known characteristics of Australian mammals in health and the changes that may be encountered in response to common diseases. Haemoparasites that have been encountered in Australian mammals are discussed next, along with comments on their pathogenicity. Lastly, haematological values from previously published studies are compiled into species-specific tables, providing a convenient reference to compare to the results of clinical cases. Written descriptions and colour photomicrographs of haematological cells from more than 100 species aid the identification of cells and the detection of abnormalities. Information is provided throughout for representative species from all the major groups of native Australian mammals including monotremes, polyprotodont marsupials, diprotodont marsupials, rats and mice, bats and marine mammals.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diprotodon"

Tuniz, Claudio, Richard Gillespie, and Cheryl Jones. "Frank, il diprotodonte." In I lettori di ossa, 99–118. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1198-4_8.

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"Diprotodon." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, 390. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_40274.

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"Frank the Diprotodon." In The Bone Readers, 88–102. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315418896-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diprotodon"

MA, YU-GANG, DE-QING FANG, XIA-YIN SUN, PEI ZHOU, XiANG-ZHOU CAI, JIN-GEN CHEN, WEI GUO, et al. "SIGNALS OF DIPROTON EMISSION FROM THE THREEBODY BREAKUP CHANNEL OF 23AL AND 22MG." In Proceedings of the 13th National Conference on Nuclear Structure in China. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814360654_0026.

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YASCHENKO, S., S. DYMOV, A. KACHARAVA, V. KOMAROV, G. MACHARASHVILI, F. RATHMANN, S. BARSOV, et al. "MEASUREMENT OF THE VECTOR ANALYZING POWER IN pd → (pp)n WITH EMISSION OF A FAST FORWARD DIPROTON AT ANKE/COSY." In Proceedings of the 16th International Spin Physics Symposium and Workshop on Polarized Electron Sources and Polarimeters. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701909_0107.

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