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Journal articles on the topic 'Direct current source'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Zhu, W., N. Takano, K. H. Schoenbach, et al. "Direct current planar excimer source." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 40, no. 13 (2007): 3896–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/13/s09.

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2

Dudek, D., N. Bibinov, J. Engemann, and P. Awakowicz. "Direct current plasma jet needle source." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 40, no. 23 (2007): 7367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/23/017.

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3

Smith, H. Vernon, Paul Allison, Carl Geisik, David R. Schmitt, J. David Schneider, and James E. Stelzer. "A direct‐current Penning surface‐plasma source." Review of Scientific Instruments 65, no. 4 (1994): 1176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145049.

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4

Dudnikov, V., C. W. Schmidt, R. Hren, and J. Wendt. "Direct current surface plasma source with high emission current density." Review of Scientific Instruments 73, no. 2 (2002): 989–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1431410.

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5

Vereshchago, E. N., and V. I. Kostyuchenko. "Instability of mode in circuit with capacity and electric arc supplied by direct current source." Paton Welding Journal 2014, no. 8 (2014): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2014.08.07.

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6

Kusztrits, Isabella, Lynn Marquardt, Kenneth Hugdahl, and Marco Hirnstein. "Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances internal source monitoring abilities in healthy participants." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0257010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257010.

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Source monitoring refers to the ability to identify the origin of a memory, for example, whether you remember saying something or thinking about it, and confusions of these sources have been associated with the experience of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). Both AVHs and source confusions are reported to originate from dysfunctional brain activations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG); specifically, it is assumed that a hypoactive PFC and a hyperactive STG gives rise to AVHs and source confusions. We set out to test this assumption by trying to mimic this hypertemporal/hypofrontal model in healthy individuals with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): the inhibitory cathode was placed over the left PFC and the excitatory anode over the left dorsolateral STG. Participants completed a reality monitoring task (distinguishing between external and internal memory sources) and an internal source monitoring task (distinguishing between two or more internal memory sources) in two separate experiments (offline vs. online tDCS). In the offline experiment (n = 34), both source monitoring tasks were completed after tDCS stimulation, and in the online experiment (n = 27) source monitoring tasks were completed while simultaneously being stimulated with tDCS. We found that internal source monitoring abilities were significantly enhanced during active online tDCS, while reality monitoring abilities were unaffected by stimulation in both experiments. We speculate, based on combining the present findings with previous studies, that there might be different brain areas involved in reality and internal source monitoring. While internal source monitoring seems to involve speech production areas, specifically Broca’s area, as suggested in the present study, reality monitoring seems to rely more on the STG and DLPFC, as shown in other studies of the field.

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7

Shi, Xiaoqian, Meiqiang Zhu, Zhaokang Zhan, Kan Zang, Huajun Dong, and Fangzhun Guo. "Development of Helium Direct Current Discharge Ultraviolet Light Source." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 772, no. 1 (2021): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/772/1/012035.

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8

Atta, A., A. M. Abdel Reheem, and H. El-Khabeary. "Design, characterization and applications of direct current plasma source." Emerging Materials Research 11, no. 2 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.22.00008.

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In this paper, the construction, and operation of a locally design cold plasma reactor are described. The anode diameter effect is studied in three inner diameters 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm. This effect on the discharge and plasma characteristics is studied using oxygen and argon gases. It was found that the optimum diameter is 10 mm. Moreover, the plasma density and temperature are investigated using a cylindrical Langmuir probe at the optimum diameter. It is found that the electron temperature reaches 1.6 eV and the electron density reaches 2.3x108 cm−3 in the case of oxygen gas. On the other hand the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis are used for chractrized the manganese cobalt doped ferrite (Mn0.5Co0.5Fe2O4) nanoparticles sample before and after oxygen plasma irradiation. The obtained results showed that cold plasma reactor is constructed with high efficiency to meet the required applications such as surface modification, plasma deposition and etching.

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9

Tsukamoto, Osami, Yoshiaki Nagai, and Kazuhiro Imaie. "Direct Connected Multiple Current Source Converters for SMES system." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 118, no. 9 (1998): 992–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.118.992.

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10

Belchenko, Yu, I. Gusev, A. Khilchenko, et al. "Advanced direct current negative-ion source for accelerator use." Review of Scientific Instruments 77, no. 3 (2006): 03A527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2170032.

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11

Belchenko, Yu, and V. Savkin. "Direct current H− source for the medicine accelerator (invited)." Review of Scientific Instruments 75, no. 5 (2004): 1704–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1699457.

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12

Posadowski, Witold M., and Zbigniew J. Radzimski. "Sustained self‐sputtering using a direct current magnetron source." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 11, no. 6 (1993): 2980–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.578679.

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13

Tsukamoto, Osami, Yoshiaki Nagai, and Kazuhiro Imaie. "Direct-connected multiple current-source converters for SMES system." Electrical Engineering in Japan 133, no. 1 (2000): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6416(200010)133:1<87::aid-eej9>3.0.co;2-9.

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14

He, Chuan, Chang Bao Han, Guang Qin Gu, et al. "Hourglass Triboelectric Nanogenerator as a “Direct Current” Power Source." Advanced Energy Materials 7, no. 19 (2017): 1700644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700644.

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15

Li, Wen. "Advancements and comparative analysis of high-voltage direct current transmission technologies." Applied and Computational Engineering 42, no. 1 (2024): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/42/20230682.

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This paper outlines the fundamental principles of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, elucidating its two primary variants: current-source converter (CSC) HVDC and voltage-source converter (VSC) HVDC. It also undertakes a comparative analysis with high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) technologies, focusing on aspects such as power transmission efficiency and cost-effectiveness, drawing upon prior research findings. Additionally, the paper underscores the critical role of circuit-breakers (CB) as essential components for controlling HVDC systems. HVDC technology plays a pivotal role in augmenting AC transmission systems, facilitating the integration of large-scale renewable energy sources, and enhancing the efficiency of expansive power grids over considerable distances. Its continued evolution and refinement are highly probable, given its indispensable role in the energy landscape.

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16

Shepherd, A., T. Patton, A. Pimazzoni, et al. "Direct current measurements of the SPIDER beam: a comparison to existing beam diagnostics." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 07 (2023): C07019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/c07019.

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Abstract For negative ion beam sources there are several methods of measuring the accelerated beam current, most commonly electrical measurements at the power supply and calorimetric measurements. On SPIDER, the ITER Heating Neutral Beam full-scale beam source prototype, electrical measurements at the acceleration grid power supply (AGPS) are complemented by polarizing the diagnostic calorimeter STRIKE to provide an additional electrical measurement of the accelerated current. This is in addition to the calorimetric measurements provided by STRIKE. These diagnostics give differing measurements of the beam current. Exploiting the reduced number of open apertures on SPIDER a new beam diagnostic has been installed to measure the individual beamlet currents directly. The so called Beamlet Current Monitor (BCM) has been used to measure the current of five beamlets during the most recent SPIDER campaign. This work compares the BCM current to the electrical measurements at the AGPS and STRIKE. The average BCM current agrees well with the STRIKE electrical measurements, indicating that the AGPS overestimates the beam current. The individual beamlets are compared to the STRIKE calorimetric measurements, showing similar current trends with the source parameters.

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17

El-Kahel, M., G. Olivier, C. Guimaraes, and G. E. April. "Design and simulation of a high-voltage direct-current source." Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 19, no. 4 (1994): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cjece.1994.6591121.

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18

Singh, Akanksha, Joseph Benzaquen, and Behrooz Mirafzal. "Current Source Generator–Converter Topology for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 54, no. 2 (2018): 1663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2017.2781646.

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19

Hara, L. Y., and Michael L. Parsons. "Rotating arc direct current plasma as an emission excitation source." Analytical Chemistry 57, no. 4 (1985): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00281a015.

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20

Narayan, Satish B. Ashwath, and Pasumarthi Usha. "Predictive source management for low power domestic direct current grids." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 31, no. 3 (2023): 1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v31.i3.pp1578-1588.

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The decrease in the price of solar photo voltaic (PV) panels has led to the widespread adoption of the solar power as a renewable energy source, not only at the grid level but also on the roof tops of the residential buildings. The solar PV panels produce direct current (DC) and can be readily used to drive DC powered loads or charge batteries. Direct powering of the loads from the solar panels is hindered by the highly variant nature of solar power generation which depends on a number of external as well as internal factors. The paper proposes a prediction based direct connection between PV panel and DC loads, only when the panel will be able to supply the required power to the load. The loads have been categorized based on how they need to be powered and their priority levels. The data specific to the rooftop was collected over two years using which the prediction of the panel output was carried out. Combining the load categorization and the power prediction a smart management system was designed which was able to decide on how the loads need to be powered and hence were connected to the appropriate source.

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21

Satish, B. Ashwath Narayan, and Usha Pasumarthi. "Predictive source management for low power domestic direct current grids." Predictive source management for low power domestic direct current grids 31, no. 3 (2023): 1578–88. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v31.i3.pp1578-1588.

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The decrease in the price of solar photo voltaic (PV) panels has led to the widespread adoption of the solar power as a renewable energy source, not only at the grid level but also on the roof tops of the residential buildings. The solar PV panels produce direct current (DC) and can be readily used to drive DC powered loads or charge batteries. Direct powering of the loads from the solar panels is hindered by the highly variant nature of solar power generation which depends on a number of external as well as internal factors. The paper proposes a prediction based direct connection between PV panel and DC loads, only when the panel will be able to supply the required power to the load. The loads have been categorized based on how they need to be powered and their priority levels. The data specific to the rooftop was collected over two years using which the prediction of the panel output was carried out. Combining the load categorization and the power prediction a smart management system was designed which was able to decide on how the loads need to be powered and hence were connected to the appropriate source.

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22

Simonin, A., G. Delogu, C. Desgranges, and M. Fumelli. "The drift source: A negative ion source module for direct current multiampere ion beams." Review of Scientific Instruments 70, no. 12 (1999): 4542–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150109.

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23

Drexlin, G., V. Hannen, S. Mertens, and C. Weinheimer. "Current Direct Neutrino Mass Experiments." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/293986.

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In this contribution, we review the status and perspectives of direct neutrino mass experiments, which investigate the kinematics ofβ-decays of specific isotopes (3H,187Re,163Ho) to derive model-independent information on the averaged electron (anti)neutrino mass. After discussing the kinematics ofβ-decay and the determination of the neutrino mass, we give a brief overview of past neutrino mass measurements (SN1987a-ToF studies, Mainz and Troitsk experiments for3H, cryobolometers for187Re). We then describe the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment currently under construction at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, which will use the MAC-E-Filter principle to push the sensitivity down to a value of 200 meV (90% C.L.). To do so, many technological challenges have to be solved related to source intensity and stability, as well as precision energy analysis and low background rate close to the kinematic endpoint of tritiumβ-decay at 18.6 keV. We then review new approaches such as the MARE, ECHO, and Project8 experiments, which offer the promise to perform an independent measurement of the neutrino mass in the sub-eV region. Altogether, the novel methods developed in direct neutrino mass experiments will provide vital information on the absolute mass scale of neutrinos.

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24

Weiss, Chester J., David F. Aldridge, Hunter A. Knox, Kimberly A. Schramm, and Lewis C. Bartel. "The direct-current response of electrically conducting fractures excited by a grounded current source." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 3 (2016): E201—E210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0262.1.

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Hydraulic fracture stimulation of low permeability reservoir rocks is an established and cross–cutting technology for enhancing hydrocarbon production in sedimentary formations and increasing heat exchange in crystalline geothermal systems. Whereas the primary measure of success is the ability to keep the newly generated fractures sufficiently open, long–term reservoir management requires a knowledge of the spatial extent, morphology, and distribution of the fractures — knowledge primarily informed by microseismic and ground deformation monitoring. To minimize the uncertainty associated with interpreting such data, we investigate through numerical simulation the usefulness of direct-current (DC) resistivity data for characterizing subsurface fractures with elevated electrical conductivity by considering a geophysical experiment consisting of a grounded current source deployed in a steel cased borehole. In doing so, the casing efficiently energizes the fractures with steady current. Finite element simulations of this experiment for a horizontal well intersecting a small set of vertical fractures indicate that the fractures manifest electrically in (at least) two ways: (1) a local perturbation in electric potential proximal to the fracture set, with limited farfield expression and (2) an overall reduction in the electric potential along the borehole casing due to enhanced current flow through the fractures into the surrounding formation. The change in casing potential results in a measurable effect that can be observed far from fractures themselves. Under these conditions, our results suggest that farfield, timelapse measurements of DC potentials can be interpreted by simple, linear inversion for a Coulomb charge distribution along the borehole path, including a local charge perturbation due to the fractures. This approach offers an inexpensive method for detecting and monitoring the time-evolution of electrically conducting fractures while ultimately providing an estimate of their effective conductivity — the latter providing an important measure independent of seismic methods on fracture shape, size, and hydraulic connectivity.

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25

Xu, Ai Hua, Chen Guang Xue, and Jian Jun Xu. "The Brittleness Source Identification of Electric Grid System." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.353.

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Brittleness source identification is the work of finding every brittle source. At first, build model of electric power system, based on direct current tide, all branch currents can be solved quickly. Break off every branch in turn. Use distributing factor method to obtain the other branch currents by breaking a branch current. If the other branch current exceeds the 20% rating current, then it breaks. This will lead to the refresh distribution, until all branch breaks, namely the brittleness being motivated, or until the other branch currents all satisfy the restriction condition. Thus all branches which lead brittleness to be motivated is the brittle source of electric power system. Through analyzing a three generatrixs system, obtain that (2),(3) and (4) is the brittle source.

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26

Fu, Qing Qing, and Ai Ping Wu. "The Design of Digital Direct Current Source Based on Nios II." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.316.

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In this paper, a digital direct current source based on Nios II is studied. The system adopts FPGA as hard core and the main circuit of constant current source consisting of operational amplifier LM358 and power Field Effect Transistor (FET) IRF530. In addition, 12 bit D/A chip MAX531 and 12 bit A/D chip TLC549 are used to monitor the output current. The system outputs current from 20mA to 2000mA with 0.5mA step level, the set current value and actual output current value can be displayed by LCD. Result shows that the system has characteristics of high precision, good stability, small size and high integration.

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27

Costa, Marcelo. "Measurement uncertainty improvement on electric current sources calibration using precision shunts." Acta IMEKO 14, no. 2 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v14i2.1964.

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This paper presents the improvement in measurement uncertainty in the calibration of electric current sources obtained by replacing the direct measurement method, using a precision digital ammeter, with an indirect method that uses precision shunts and a precision voltmeter. An analysis of the sources of uncertainty that should be considered in this indirect method is also performed. Finally, two examples of indirect calibration of a precision current source using a precision shunt as standard are shown and their results are compared with the results of direct calibrations, highlighting the reduction in measurement uncertainty.

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28

HUA, Yue, Jian SONG, Zeyu HAO, and Chunsheng REN. "Plasma characteristics of direct current enhanced cylindrical inductively coupled plasma source." Plasma Science and Technology 20, no. 6 (2018): 065402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/aaac79.

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29

Toader, E. I., V. Covlea, W. G. Graham, and P. G. Steen. "High-density and low electron temperature direct current reflex plasma source." Review of Scientific Instruments 75, no. 2 (2004): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1637459.

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30

Ayad, Ayman, Petros Karamanakos, and Ralph Kennel. "Direct Model Predictive Current Control Strategy of Quasi-Z-Source Inverters." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 32, no. 7 (2017): 5786–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2016.2610459.

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31

Dai, Hua, Yao Shen, Liuhe Li, Xiaoling Li, Xun Cai, and Paul K. Chu. "A flexible curvilinear electromagnetic filter for direct current cathodic arc source." Review of Scientific Instruments 78, no. 9 (2007): 095103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2785846.

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32

Kazerani, M. "A direct AC/AC converter based on current-source converter modules." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 18, no. 5 (2003): 1168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2003.816184.

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33

Kozak, Maciej. "Selected issues of control voltage source inverter with self-excited synchronous generator as DC grid voltage source." ITM Web of Conferences 19 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20181901005.

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Synchronous self-excited generators are the most popular AC voltage sources installed in power plants of seagoing vessels. Because of fuel savings varying revolutions Diesel drives can be found on selected types of ships (platform support vessels, cable layers, tug boats etc.). Very interesting issue is use of such type of alternator working with inverter acting as rectifier in direct current grid system. In direct current type of electrical grid the problems with synchronization and reactive power balance are absent. As the control method most suitable to use is modified version of field oriented control (FOC) known from induction machines. Aforementioned method involves decoupling of currents and control voltages to flux and torque components and keeping them in the most optimal condition. Theoretical background of inverter and synchronous generator adopted FOC control method along with numerical situations and experimental results obtained in laboratory test bench of such a system were included in following article.

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34

Mulolani, Francis, Matthew Armstrong, Mohammed A. Elgendy, and Ahmed Althobaiti. "Positive-sequence virtual-flux control of grid-connected converter during unsymmetrical voltage dips." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, no. 2 (2022): 700–709. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i2.pp700-709.

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One of the major problems in direct power-controlled grid-connected voltage source converters is that during voltage dips, the converter current increases to compensate for the reduced grid voltage. The most common voltage dips are unsymmetrical, and they cause unbalance and distortion in the converter current. This paper introduces a new, simple but effective algorithm which limits the current in a direct power-controlled gridconnected voltage source converter during voltage dips. A positive-sequence virtual-flux based control scheme is employed and this makes the current balanced and sinusoidal during unsymmetrical voltage dips. The proposed control clearly demonstrates the performance which is illustrated through various simulations and experimental work. The current during unsymmetrical voltage dips is limited in magnitude and is balanced, with low distortion. The Implementation of this control scheme will enable voltage source converters to stay connected to the grid during voltage dips as required by most grid codes.

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35

Talebzadeh, Sarah, and Omid Beik. "Spacecraft Medium Voltage Direct-Current (MVDC) Power and Propulsion System." Electronics 13, no. 10 (2024): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101810.

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This paper introduces a medium voltage direct-current (MVDC) system for large spacecraft megawatt-scale (MW) power and propulsion systems intended for interplanetary transport, including missions to the Moon and Mars. The proposed MVDC system includes: (i) A nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) that powers a permanent magnet (PM) generator whose output is rectified and connected to the MVDC bus. (ii) A solar photovoltaic (PV) source that is interfaced to the MVDC bus using a unidirectional boost DC-DC converter. (iii) A backup battery energy storage system (BESS) that connects to the MVDC bus using a bidirectional DC-DC boost converter. (iv) A dual active bridge (DAB) converter that controls the power to the spacecraft’s electric thruster. The NEP serves as the main power source for the spacecraft’s electric thruster, while the solar PV and BESS are intended to provide power for the payload and spacecraft’s low-voltage power system. The paper will (i) provide a review of the spacecraft MVDC power and prolusion system highlighting state-of-the-art main components, (ii) address the control of boost converters for the PV and BESS sources and the DAB converter for the thruster, and (iii) propose an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) concept based on current control algorithms to mitigate MVDC instability due to unpredictable factors and external disruptions. The proposed UDE can actively estimate and compensate for the system disturbance and uncertainty in real time, and thus, both the system tracking performance and robustness can be improved. Simulation studies have been conducted to substantiate the efficacy of the proposed schemes.

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36

Chen, Longlong, Chong Gao, Taosha Jiang, and Sheng Zhang. "A Novel Modulation Strategy for Controllable Current Source Converter." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 6, no. 1 (2023): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.6.1.701.2023.

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Controllable current source converter (CSC) technology is an effective solution in addressing commutation failure issues. Modulation strategy is the fundamental approach for controlling the valve arm of the converter. Higher switching frequencies result in lower AC harmonics but increased losses in the commutation valve. Lower switching frequencies lead to reduced losses but higher harmonics. The major challenge in engineering currently lies in eliminating the direct conduction state of the valve arms in the current source converter and effectively suppressing harmonics. This paper first analyzes the valve arm signal allocation method in the CSC and examines the mechanism and impact of direct conduction. Then, based on double Fourier signal analysis theory, a SPWM modulation method utilizing the odd multiples of "150Hz" is proposed. Modulation range and signal synchronization methods are analyzed. The effectiveness of the method in terms of duty cycle, transmission characteristics, and saturation characteristics is analyzed. Finally, a comparison is made between this method and traditional linear modulation and asymmetric modulation methods.

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37

Heagy, Lindsey J., and Douglas W. Oldenburg. "Direct current resistivity with steel-cased wells." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 1 (2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz281.

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SUMMARY The work in this paper is motivated by the increasing use of electrical and electromagnetic methods in geoscience problems where steel-cased wells are present. Applications of interest include monitoring carbon capture and storage and hydraulic fracturing operations. Also of interest is detecting flaws or breaks in degrading steel-casings—such wells pose serious environmental hazards. The general principles of electrical methods with steel-cased wells are understood and several authors have demonstrated that the presence of steel-cased wells can be beneficial for detecting signal due to targets at depth. However, the success of a direct current (DC) resistivity survey lies in the details. Secondary signals might only be a few per cent of the primary signal. In designing a survey, the geometry of the source and receivers, and whether the source is at the top of the casing, inside of it, or beneath the casing will impact measured responses. Also the physical properties and geometry of the background geology, target and casing will have a large impact on the measured data. Because of the small values of the diagnostic signals, it is important to understand the detailed physics of the problem and also to be able to carry out accurate simulations. This latter task is computationally challenging because of the extreme geometry of the wells, which extend kilometers in depth but have millimeter variations in the radial direction, and the extreme variation in the electrical conductivity which is typically 5–7 orders of magnitude larger than that of the background geology. In this paper, we adopt a cylindrical discretization for numerical simulations to investigate three important aspects of DC resistivity in settings with steel-cased wells. (1) We examine the feasibility of using a surface-based DC resistivity survey for diagnosing impairments along a well in a casing integrity experiment. This parameter study demonstrates the impact of the background conductivity, the conductivity of the casing, the depth of the flaw, and the proportion of the casing circumference that is compromised on amplitude of the secondary electric fields measured at the surface. (2) Next, we consider elements of survey design for exciting a conductive or resistive target at depth. We show that conductive targets generate stronger secondary responses than resistive targets, and that having an electrical connection between the target and well can significantly increase the measured secondary responses. (3) Finally, we examine common strategies for approximating the fine-scale structure of a steel cased well with a coarse-scale representation to reduce computational load. We show that for DC resistivity experiments, the product of the conductivity and the cross-sectional area of the casing is the important quantity for controlling the distribution of currents and charges along its length. To promote insight into the physics, we present results by plotting the currents, charges, and electric fields in each of the scenarios examined. All of the examples shown in this paper are built on open-source software and are available as Jupyter notebooks.

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38

Kim, Wooho, Yong-Jung Kim, and Hyosung Kim. "Arc Voltage and Current Characteristics in Low-Voltage Direct Current." Energies 11, no. 10 (2018): 2511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102511.

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Recently, Low-Voltage DC (direct current) distribution systems have received high lights according to the expansion of DC generations and DC loads such as photovoltaics (PV) generations, electric vehicles (EVs), light emitting diodes (LEDs), computers, DC homes, etc. Low-Voltage DC distribution systems have optimistic perspectives since DC has various good aspects compared to alternating current (AC). However, ensuring safety of human and electric facility in Low-Voltage DC is not easy because of arc generation and difficulty of arc-extinguishing. This paper constructs a low-voltage DC circuit and studies the arc interruption that occurs when separating electrodes from where load currents flow. Also, arc extinguishers are experimented upon and analysed in various levels of source voltage and load currents conditions. Voltage and current characteristics for arc interruption are identified based on experimental results, and we establish the electric generation for arc interruption. Further, the voltage–current characteristics and the correlation of arc during arc duration time arc are verified, and the voltage–current equation and DC arc resistance model for the breaking arc are developed.

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Zheng, Xiaodong, Nengling Tai, James Thorp, and Zhongyu Wu. "Harmonic current protection scheme for voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current transmission system." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 8, no. 9 (2014): 1509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0377.

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Ezhilvannan, Parimalasundar, and Suresh Krishnan. "An Efficient Asymmetric Direct Current (DC) Source Configured Switched Capacitor Multi-level Inverter." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 53, no. 6 (2020): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.530611.

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This paper is dealing about Switched Capacitor Multi-Level Inverter (SCMLI) circuit which is controlled by triangular multicarrier Sinewave Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technique. The proposed SCMLI is powered from asymmetric DC source configuration to obtain multi-level output voltage by applying switching pulse to the main circuit from control circuit for switching operation. Fourteen switches and four capacitors are employing to do the proposed inversion operation in an effective way. Switching capacitors can perform boost operation to enhance voltage from the source level to the required level. Input DC from the asymmetric sources is converted to AC voltage for the application of consumers. This proposed conversion system is applicable for mainly in industrial and renewable energy-based energy conversion system because it can carry high output voltages. This proposed method gives about more efficiency. Also reduces switching losses in lower value, low conduction losses and capacitor ripple losses. The simulation model is analyzed in MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and the same validated in hardware results. The developed SCMLI structure is witness over other topologies for the power inversion process in the multi-level.

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Rodríguez-Benítez, Oscar Miguel, Juan Antonio Aqui-Tapia, Isaac Ortega-Velázquez, and Gerardo Espinosa-Pérez. "Current Source Topologies for Photovoltaic Applications: An Overview." Electronics 11, no. 18 (2022): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11182953.

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Current source topologies have several advantages compared to conventional voltage systems. Their inherent voltage-boosting function, intrinsic short-circuit protection, no electrolytic capacitor, direct-current control, continuous input current, and high reliability make them exceptional candidates for power generation systems, particularly for photovoltaic applications. This study provides an overview of the current source topologies for multi-stage photovoltaic grid-connected systems by comparing the number of components, performance, power-decoupling techniques, efficiency, and frequency operation. The overview reveals gain, performance, energy quality and lifetime improvements, thereby providing current source systems as an attractive alternative for renewable applications.

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Khazaei, Subedi, Nickerson, Martínez-Villaluenga, Frias, and Vandenberg. "Seed Protein of Lentils: Current Status, Progress, and Food Applications." Foods 8, no. 9 (2019): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8090391.

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Grain legumes are widely recognized as staple sources of dietary protein worldwide. Lentil seeds are an excellent source of plant-based proteins and represent a viable alternative to animal and soybean proteins for food processing formulations. Lentil proteins provide not only dietary amino acids but are also a source of bioactive peptides that provide health benefits. This review focuses on the current knowledge of seed protein, extraction and isolation methods, bioactive peptides, and food applications of lentil protein. Lentil is the most rapidly expanding crop for direct human consumption, and has potential for greater impact as a protein source for food processing applications. Improvements in lentil protein quality, amino acid composition, and processing fractions will enhance the nutritional quality of this rapidly expanding crop globally.

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Effendi and Makandibengkel. "Studi Analisis Perbandingan Pwm Carrier Untuk Multilevel Inverter Tiga Fasa Lima Belas Level Dengan Sumber Input Simetris Terpisah." Jurnal JEETech 3, no. 1 (2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.48056/jeetech.v3i1.185.

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Inverters are used to convert direct current or DC (Direct Current) sources into alternating current sources or AC (Alternating Current). A method is needed to make the output waveform close to a sinusoidal waveform. The Multi Level Inverter (MLI) method has a large number of levels and is closer to a sinusoidal wave. The three-phase MLI design with a separate symmetrical input source in this study is able to produce a three-phase output wave, where the resulting Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) value is smaller, namely 5.65% when using the Modified PWM method where the carrier signal has no frequency

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Dekka, Apparao, Ahoora Bahrami, and Mehdi Narimani. "Direct Predictive Current Control of a New Five-Level Voltage Source Inverter." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 57, no. 3 (2021): 2941–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2021.3065320.

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Young, P., and P. Darwin. "The conductivity of ERCP guide wires during direct contact with current source." Endoscopy 40, S 02 (2008): E36—E37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-966830.

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Belchenko, Yu, A. Sanin, I. Gusev, et al. "Direct current H[sup −] source for boron neutron capture therapy tandem accelerator." Review of Scientific Instruments 79, no. 2 (2008): 02A521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2816787.

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Goliber, Philip A., Martha S. Hendrick, and R. G. Michel. "Direct current plasma as a radiation source for flame atomic fluorescence spectrometry." Analytical Chemistry 57, no. 13 (1985): 2520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00290a020.

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Petrov, G. M., Ts Petrova, A. Ogoyski, and A. B. Blagoev. "Cd–Ne direct current glow discharge: An efficient source of ultraviolet radiation." Applied Physics Letters 77, no. 1 (2000): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126870.

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Levy, C. D. P., L. Buchmann, K. Jayamanna, et al. "A direct current polarized H− ion source based on optically pumped rubidium." Review of Scientific Instruments 63, no. 4 (1992): 2625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142859.

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Kuo, T., D. Yuan, K. Jayamanna, et al. "On the development of a 15 mA direct current H− multicusp source." Review of Scientific Instruments 67, no. 3 (1996): 1314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146704.

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