Journal articles: 'Direct Metal Laser Sintering'

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Grünberger, Thomas, and Robert Domröse. "Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Laser Technik Journal 12, no. 1 (January 2015): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/latj.201500007.

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Băilă, Diana-Irinel. "Dental Restorations of Co-Cr Using Direct Metal Laser Sintering Process." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 6, no. 2 (April 2018): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmmm.2018.6.2.354.

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Ebersold, Zoran, Nebojsa Mitrovic, Slobodan Djukic, Branka Jordovic, and Aleksandar Peulic. "Defectoscopy of direct laser sintered metals by low transmission ultrasonic frequencies." Science of Sintering 44, no. 2 (2012): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1202177e.

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This paper focuses on the improvement of ultrasonic defectoscopy used for machine elements produced by direct laser metal sintering. The direct laser metal sintering process introduces the mixed metal powder and performs its subsequent laser consolidation in a single production step. Mechanical elements manufactured by laser sintering often contain many hollow cells due to weight reduction. The popular pulse echo defectoscopy method employing very high frequencies of several GHz is not successful on these samples. The aim of this paper is to present quadraphonic transmission ultrasound defectoscopy which uses low range frequencies of few tens of kHz. Therefore, the advantage of this method is that it enables defectoscopy for honeycombed materials manufactured by direct laser sintering. This paper presents the results of testing performed on AlSi12 sample.

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Kang, Hyun Goo, Toshiko Osada, and Hideshi Miura. "Density Gradient Materials by Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Advanced Materials Research 89-91 (January 2010): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.89-91.281.

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The direct metal laser sintering process was applied to produce density gradient materials of stainless steel 316L. In order to understand the mechanism of forming porous structure, the influence of laser power, scan rate and scan pitch on the porosity were investigated by measuring density of produced samples and observing cross-sectional microstructures. Laser power greatly affected to the porosity by forming clusters of melted metal powders. It was found that the size change of clusters plays a role in forming porous structure. Eventually, three dimensional sample owing density gradient structures was manufactured.

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Mierzejewska, Ż. A. "Process Optimization Variables for Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Advances in Materials Science 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2015-0021.

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AbstractManufacturing is crucial to creation of wealth and provision of quality of life. Manufacturing covers numerous aspects from systems design and organization, technology and logistics, operational planning and control. The study of manufacturing technology is usually classified into conventional and non-conventional processes. As it is well known, the term "rapid prototyping" refers to a number of different but related technologies that can be used for building very complex physical models and prototype parts directly from 3D CAD model. Among these technologies are selective laser sintering (SLS) and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). RP technologies can use wide range of materials which gives possibility for their application in different fields. RP has primary been developed for manufacturing industry in order to speed up the development of new products (prototypes, concept models, form, fit, and function testing, tooling patterns, final products - direct parts). Sintering is a term in the field of powder metallurgy and describes a process which takes place under a certain pressure and temperature over a period of time. During sintering particles of a powder material are bound together in a mold to a solid part. In selective laser sintering the crucial elements pressure and time are obsolete and the powder particles are only heated for a short period of time. SLS uses the fact that every physical system tends to achieve a condition of minimum energy. In the case of powder the partially melted particles aim to minimize their in comparison to a solid block of material enormous surface area through fusing their outer skins. Like all generative manufacturing processes laser sintering gains the geometrical information out of a 3D CAD model. This model is subdivided into slices or layers of a certain layer thickness. Following this is a revolving process which consists of three basic process steps: recoating, exposure, and lowering of the build platform until the part is finished completely.

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Venkatesh, K. Vijay, and V. Vidyashree Nandini. "Direct Metal Laser Sintering: A Digitised Metal Casting Technology." Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 13, no. 4 (February 5, 2013): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13191-013-0256-8.

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Prasad, Manjunath, U. N. Kempaiah, R. Murali Mohan, and Madeva Nagaral. "Microstructure, Tensile and Compression Behaviour of AlSi10Mg Alloy Developed by Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 45 (December 5, 2021): 3346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v14i45.1705.

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Zhu, H. H., J. Y. H. Fuh, and L. Lu. "Formation of Fe—Cu metal parts using direct laser sintering." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 217, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440603762554686.

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The direct laser sintering process is currently being used to manufacture metallic parts for prototyping and tooling directly. This paper reports on the direct laser sintering of Fe—Cu metal powder using a 200 W CO2 laser. The effects of the ratio of Fe to Cu, the scan speed and atmosphere on the distortion, surface morphology and surface roughness have been investigated. The experiment also investigated the role of adding W particles to the Fe—Cu mixture. The result shows that adding W particles can reduce part distortion. To find the effect of gas protection in laser sintering, the three-dimensional specimens fabricated in both air and N2 atmosphere are also compared.

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Cardaropoli, Francesco, Fabrizia Caiazzo, and Vincenzo Sergi. "Evolution of Direct Selective Laser Sintering of Metals." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6252.

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Direct Metal Selective Laser Sintering (DMSLS) is a layer-by-layer additive process for metal powders, which allows quick production of complex geometry parts. The aim of this study is to analyse the improvement of DMSLS with “EOSINT M270”, the new laser sintering machine developed by EOS. Tests were made on sintered parts of Direct Metal 20 (DM20), a bronze based powder with a mean grain dimension of 20 μm. Different properties and accuracy were evaluated for samples manufactured with three different exposure strategies. Besides mechanical properties, the manufacturing process was also examined in order to evaluate its characteristics. The quality of laser sintered parts is too affected by operator experience and skill. Furthermore, critical phases are not automatic and this causes an extension of time required for the production. Due to these limitations, DMSLS can be used for Rapid Manufacturing, but it is especially suitable to few sample series.

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Băilă, Diana Irinel. "Corrosion Behavior in Artificial Saliva of Personalized Dental Crowns of Co-Cr Alloys Manufactured by DMLS Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.515.

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The purpose of this paper is to realize some researches concerning the powder Co-Cr, the sintering compacts obtain after Direct Metal Laser Sintering manufacturing and the corrosion resistance in artificial saliva. The Co-Cr alloys are used frequently in dentistry to realize personalized dental crown, bridges, chapels, dental implants or microsurgery instruments. The Co-Cr powders are used in Direct Metal Laser Sintering technologies to obtain personalized dental crown with complex forms after a ”stl” file, realized after a tomography or oral scanning. Direct Metal Laser Sintering process is used to realize quickly a scale model of physical part or assembly using 3D computer aided design CAD data. This alloy must present good corrosion behavior and mechanical resistance to be used in medical domain.

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Bakheet Jasim, Hasan, and Basim Abdulkareem Farhan. "Practical analysis of direct metal laser sintering process." Materials Today: Proceedings 45 (2021): 5469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.138.

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Aziz, I. A., Brian Gabbitas, and Mark Stanford. "Direct Metal Laser Sintering of a Ti6Al4V Mandible Implant." Key Engineering Materials 520 (August 2012): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.520.220.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the direct manufacturing of a titanium mandible implant via a laser sintering process which involves the different areas of medicine, engineering and product design. The manufacturing and challenges for producing customised titanium implants are described in this work. Implant data and its functional requirements of loading and fixation are established based on CT scan data. The process of converting different types of data from CT scans to 3D design and then to readable machine data and its associated processing software are illustrated and explained. The mandible tray was designed with a predefined porous structure to reduce weight and stimulate better bio-factor delivery at the same time. The laser sintering process and its critical steps for producing a tailored structure and complex shape are reported. This includes titanium powder preparation, processing parameters, support structures, model inclination, post-processing works and associated costs. Results show that it is possible to fabricate a customised mandible implant with a complex structure and having sufficient detail through the laser sintering process. This technique provides a platform to respond quickly and build accurate parts with good surface finish.

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Castanho, J. M., M. Matos, and M. T. Vieira. "Reinforcement Coating on Stainless Steel and Copper Powders." Microscopy and Microanalysis 14, S3 (September 2008): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927608089344.

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The continuous miniaturization of the mechanical components and devices push to microfabrication techniques such as μPIM (micro-Powder Injection Moulding) and laser sintering, particularly DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering).

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Dmitriyev, T., and S. Manakov. "Digital Modeling Accuracy of Direct Metal Laser Sintering Process." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj959.

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Products obtained by metal additive manufacturing have exceptional strength properties that can be compared with forged parts, and in some cases, even surpass them. Also, the cost and time of parts manufacture are reduced by two or even three times. Because of this, today’s leading corporations in the field of aerospace industry introducing this technology to its production. To avoid loss of funds and time, the processes of additive manufacturing should be predictable. Simufact Additive is specialized software for additive manufacturing process simulation is dedicated to solving critical issues with metal 3D printing, including significantly reducing distortion; minimize residual stress to avoid failures; optimize the build-up orientation and the support structures. It also enables us to compare simulated parts with the printed sample or measure it as a reference. In other words, the simulated deformations can be estimated concerning the reference geometry. The current work aims to study the deformation of the sample during the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) process made from Maraging Steel MS1. Simufact Additive software was used to simulate the printing process. The main idea is to compare the results of the simulation and the real model. EOS M290 metal 3D printer was used to make a test specimen.

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Jin, Yong Ping, and Ming Hu. "Direct Rapid Manufacturing Technology with Laser for Metal Parts." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.520.

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Directly driven by CAD model, based on principle of discrete-superposition, rapid prototyping technology is the generic terms of rapid manufacturing 3-dimensional physical entities with any complex shape. One of its main development trends is direct rapid manufacturing for metal parts. Up to now, there are many methods utilizing laser beam containing selective laser melting, selective laser sintering and laser engineered net shaping. Research and development of these means for direct rapid metal manufacturing are presented in this paper. Digital direct rapid manufacturing for metal parts represents development direction of advanced manufacturing technology.

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Витязев, Ю. Б., А. Г. Гребеников, А. М. Гуменный, А. М. Ивасенко, and А. А. Соболев. "МЕТОД СОЗДАНИЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ САМОЛЕТОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ СИСТЕМ CAD/CAM/CAE И АДДИТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ." Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, no. 81 (November 16, 2018): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2018.81.03.

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The analysis of the most applicable in mechanical engineering additive technologies (fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, laser stereolithography, direct metal laser sintering) have been performed. Method of creating airplane models using CAD/CAM/CAE systems and additive manufacturing is presented. The results of the application of selective laser sintering and fused deposition modeling for the manufacture of training aircraft models are considered.

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Wang, Jin, Mo Yang, and Yuwen Zhang. "A Nonequilibrium Thermal Model for Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications 67, no. 3 (October 23, 2014): 249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2014.923231.

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Verma, Anoop, Satish Tyagi, and Kai Yang. "Modeling and optimization of direct metal laser sintering process." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 77, no. 5-8 (October 26, 2014): 847–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6443-x.

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Cabrini, M., S. Lorenzi, T. Pastore, S. Pellegrini, M. Pavese, P. Fino, E. P. Ambrosio, F. Calignano, and D. Manfredi. "Corrosion resistance of direct metal laser sintering AlSiMg alloy." Surface and Interface Analysis 48, no. 8 (March 10, 2016): 818–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.5981.

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Kotila, Juha, Tatu Syvänen, Jouni Hänninen, Maria Latikka, and Olli Nyrhilä. "Direct Metal Laser Sintering – New Possibilities in Biomedical Part Manufacturing." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.461.

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Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) has been utilized for prototype manufacturing of functional metal components for years now. During this period the surface quality, mechanical properties, detail resolution and easiness of the process have been improved to the level suitable for direct production of complex metallic components for various applications. The paper will present the latest DMLS technology utilizing EOSINT M270 laser sintering machine and EOSTYLE support generation software for direct and rapid production of complex shaped metallic components for various purposes. The focus of the presentation will be in rapid manufacturing of customized biomedical implants and surgical devices of the latest stainless steel, titanium and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys. In addition to biomedical applications, other application areas where complex metallic parts with stringent requirements are being needed will be presented.

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Sedlak, Josef, Oskar Zemčík, Martin Slaný, Josef Chladil, Karel Kouřil, Vít Sekerka, and Luboš Rozkošný. "PRODUCTION OF PROTOTYPE PARTS USING DIRECT METAL LASER SINTERING TECHNOLOGY." Acta Polytechnica 55, no. 4 (August 31, 2015): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2015.55.0260.

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<p>Unconventional methods of modern materials preparation include additive technologies which involve the sintering of powders of different chemical composition, granularity, physical, chemical and other utility properties. The technology called Rapid Prototyping, which uses different technological principles of producing components, belongs to this type of material preparation. The Rapid Prototyping technology facilities use photopolymers, thermoplastics, specially treated paper or metal powders. The advantage is the direct production of metal parts from input data and the fact that there is no need for the production of special tools (moulds, press tools, etc.). Unused powder from sintering technologies is re-used for production 98% of the time, which means that the process is economical, as well as ecological.The present paper discusses the technology of Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), which falls into the group of additive technologies of Rapid Prototyping (RP). The major objective is a detailed description of DMLS, pointing out the benefits it offers and its application in practice. The practical part describes the production and provides an economic comparison of several prototype parts that were designed for testing in the automotive industry.</p>

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Kuji, Chieko, and Hitoshi Soyama. "Mechanical Surface Treatment of Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V Manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering Using Laser Cavitation." Metals 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13010181.

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Additive manufactured (AM) metals are attractive materials for medical implants, as their geometries are directly produced from computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) data. However, the fatigue properties of AM metals are weak compared with bulk metals, which is an obstacle to the practical applications of AM metals. To improve the fatigue properties of AM metals, we developed a mechanical surface treatment using laser cavitation. When we irradiate a pulsed laser to a metallic surface in water, laser ablation is generated, and a bubble that behaves like a cavitation is produced. The bubble is referred to as a “laser cavitation”. In the surface treatment using laser cavitation, we use the plastic deformation caused by the impact force at the bubble collapse and pulsed laser energy that produces local melting at the same time. Thus, the mechanical surface treatment using laser cavitation is a type of surface mechanical alloying. In this study, to demonstrate the improvement in the fatigue properties of AM metals, we treated titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, which was manufactured by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), with laser cavitation, and we evaluated the surface morphology, roughness, residual stress, hardness, and finally tested it using a torsion fatigue test. Unmelted particles on the DMLS surface, which cause fatigue cracks, were melted and resolidified using laser cavitation, resulting in a reduction of the maximum heights of roughness (Rz) of about 75% and the arithmetical mean roughness (Ra) of about 84% of the non-peened one. Although tensile residual stresses of about 80–180 MPa were generated on the as-built surface, compressive residual stresses of about −80 MPa were introduced by laser cavitation. Furthermore, laser cavitation formed Ti4O5 oxide film, which increased the surface hardness by about 106%. Finally, we performed torsional fatigue tests and revealed that laser cavitation extended the fatigue life from 19,791 cycles to 36,288 cycles at an applied shear stress (τa) at 460 MPa, which is effective in suppressing crack initiation.

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Wang, Xin Hua, Jerry Y. H. Fuh, Yoke San Wong, L. Lu, H. T. Loh, Y. X. Tang, and H. H. Zhu. "Formation of Copper-Based Metal Part via Direct Laser Sintering." Materials Science Forum 437-438 (October 2003): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.437-438.273.

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de Damborenea, J. J., M. A. Arenas, Maria Aparecida Larosa, André Luiz Jardini, Cecília Amélia de Carvalho Zavaglia, and A. Conde. "Corrosion of Ti6Al4V pins produced by direct metal laser sintering." Applied Surface Science 393 (January 2017): 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.10.031.

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Oter, Zafer Cagatay, Mert Coskun, Yasar Akca, Omer Surmen, Mustafa Safa Yilmaz, Gokhan Ozer, Gurkan Tarakci, Hamaid Mahmood Khan, and Ebubekir Koc. "Support optimization for overhanging parts in direct metal laser sintering." Optik 181 (March 2019): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.12.072.

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Ojala, Leo S., Petri Uusi–Kyyny, and Ville Alopaeus. "Prototyping a calorimeter mixing cell with direct metal laser sintering." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 108 (April 2016): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.11.015.

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Tang, Y., H. T. Loh, J. Y. H. Fuh, Y. S. Wong, and L. Lu. "Direct laser sintering of Cu-based metal for rapid tooling." International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology 28, no. 1 (2007): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcat.2007.012332.

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Bertol, Liciane Sabadin, Wilson Kindlein Júnior, Fabio Pinto da Silva, and Claus Aumund-Kopp. "Medical design: Direct metal laser sintering of Ti–6Al–4V." Materials & Design 31, no. 8 (September 2010): 3982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.02.050.

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Attarzadeh, Faridreza, Behzad Fotovvati, Michael Fitzmire, and Ebrahim Asadi. "Surface roughness and densification correlation for direct metal laser sintering." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 107, no. 5-6 (March 2020): 2833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-05194-0.

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Grünberger, Thomas, and Robert Domröse. "Optical In-Process Monitoring of Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)." Laser Technik Journal 11, no. 2 (April 2014): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/latj.201400026.

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Jo, Jung-Hoe, and Min-Soo Park. "Fabrication of a Conductive Pattern on a Photo-Polymerized Structure Using Direct Laser Sintering." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2022): 11003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111003.

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Three-dimensional (3D)-printed electronic technology is considered to have great potential as it can be utilized to make electronic products with complex 3D shapes. In this study, based on a 3D printer with single UV laser equipment, we continuously performed photo-polymerization (PP) and selective metal powder sintering to fabricate a conductive pattern. For this, 3D structures were printed at a low energy using a 355 nm DPSS laser with a galvanometer scanner, which are widely used in PP-type 3D printing, and then the selective sintering of metal powders was performed with a high energy. In order to obtain a high-conductivity pattern by laser sintering, a circuit pattern that could actually be operated was fabricated by experimenting with various condition changes from mixing the metal composite resin to the laser process. As a result, it was found that the optimal result was to irradiate a 0.8 W UV laser with a beam spot size of 50 µm to 50 vol% aluminum composite resin. At this time, an optimal conductive pattern with a resistance of 0.33 Ω∙cm−1 was obtained by setting the pulse repetition rate, scan path interval, and scanning speed to 90 kHz, 10 μm, and 50 mm/s, respectively. This suggested process may be of great help in the manufacturing of practical 3D sensors or functional products in the future.

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Mizoshiri, Mizue, and Kyohei Yoshidomi. "Cu Patterning Using Femtosecond Laser Reductive Sintering of CuO Nanoparticles under Inert Gas Injection." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 3285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123285.

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In this paper, we report the effect of inert gas injection on Cu patterning generated by femtosecond laser reductive sintering of CuO nanoparticles (NPs). Femtosecond laser reductive sintering for metal patterning has been restricted to metal and metal-oxide composite materials. By irradiating CuO-nanoparticle paste with femtosecond laser pulses under inert gas injection, we intended to reduce the generation of metal oxides in the formed patterns. In an experimental evaluation, the X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to copper oxides, such as CuO and Cu2O, were much smaller under N2 and Ar gas injections than under air injection. Increasing the injection rates of both gases increased the reduction degree of the X-ray diffraction peaks of the CuO NPs, but excessively high injection rates (≥100 mL/min) significantly decreased the surface density of the patterns. These results qualitatively agreed with the ratio of sintered/melted area. The femtosecond laser reductive sintering under inert gas injection achieved a vacuum-free direct writing of metal patterns.

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R, Usharani, Ravalika N Kothuri, and Tejasvi Daram. "Distinctive analysis of the shear bond strength of Porcelain Fused Metal substructure fabricated by conventional casting, direct metal Laser Sintering and CAD-CAM processing techniques." International Journal of Dental Materials 04, no. 02 (2022): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37983/ijdm.2022.4201.

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Background:The use of metal-ceramic restorations began in the late 1950’s allowing the development of prosthetic rehabilitation with better cosmetic results replacing previously in-demand precious metals. These restorations are commonly preparedusing conventional casting, Direct Metal Laser Sintering and CAD-CAM processing techniques. The present study has been attempted to perform a distinctive analysis of the shear bond strength of porcelain fused metal substructure fabricated by conventional casting, Direct Metal Laser Sintering and CAD-CAM processing techniques. Materials and Methods: The present study follows an in-vitro study design. A total of 45 samples were prepared and divided into 3 groups (n=15 in each group): conventional casting, Direct Metal Laser Sintering and CAD-CAM groups. The shear bond strength of all the specimens was measured using Universal Testing Machine. The specimens were subjected to shear load at the metal-porcelain interface with increasing load and the crosshead speed of 2 mm/sec till the disc debonded completely. The debonded samples were observed under Scanning Electron Microscope to assess the kind of failure. Results:The obtained data of three experimental group samples were analysed using the student’s t-test, One-way ANOVA test and Tukey’s Post-hoc test. Results of t-test showed that, of all the three techniques, Casting technique showshighest mean of force and shear bond strength, and this mean difference was significant. The same results were shown in One-way ANOVA test and Tukey’s Post-hoc test. Conclusion: From the observations of the present study, it can be stated that Casting technique showed highest mean of load and shear bond strength followed by the CAD/CAM method and DMLS technique, respectively. The results of this study ranged from 69-87MPa which is within the safety borders. Therefore, it can be concluded that allthree methods can be used to fabricate the metal substructure in metal-ceramic restoration.

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Koo, Sangmo. "Flexible Heater Fabrication Using Amino Acid-Based Ink and Laser-Direct Writing." Micromachines 13, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 2209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122209.

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Nature’s systems have evolved over a long period to operate efficiently, and this provides hints for metal nanoparticle synthesis, including the enhancement, efficient generation, and transport of electrons toward metal ions for nanoparticle synthesis. The organic material-based ink composed of the natural materials used in this study requires low laser power for sintering compared to conventional nanoparticle ink sintering. This suggests applicability in various and sophisticated pattern fabrication applications without incurring substrate damage. An efficient electron transfer mechanism between amino acids (e.g., tryptophan) enables silver patterning on flexible polymer substrates (e.g., PET) by laser-direct writing. The reduction of silver ions to nanoparticles was induced and sintered by simultaneous photo/thermalchemical reactions on substrates. Furthermore, it was possible to fabricate a stable, transparent, and flexible heater that operates under mechanical deformation.

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Żaba, K., S. Puchlerska, M. Kwiatkowski, M. Nowosielski, M. Głodzik, T. Tokarski, and P. Seibt. "Comparative Analysis of Properties and Microstructure of the Plastically Deformed Alloy Inconel®718, Manufactured by Plastic Working and Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0026.

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Nickel superalloys as Inconel® are materials widely used in the aerospace industry among others for diffusers, combustion chamber, shells of gas generators and other. In most cases, manufacturing process of those parts are used metal strips, produced by conventional plastic processing techniques, and thus by hot or cold rolling. An alternative technology allowing for manufacturing components for jet engines is the technique of 3D printing (additive manufacturing), and most of all Direct Metal Laser Sintering, which is one of the latest achievement in field of additive technologies. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy Inconel®718 manufactured by plastic working and Direct Metal Laser Sintering technology, in the initial state, after deformation and after heat treatment.

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Herczeg, Szabolcs, János Takács, Ágnes Csanády, Gyula Kakuk, Jenő Sólyom, Ferenc Tranta, István E. Sajó, Katalin Papp, and Hajnalka Hargitai. "Solid-State Transformation Produced by Laser Treatment and Mechanical Alloying of Fe-Ni-Cu(P) Powders." Materials Science Forum 589 (June 2008): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.589.391.

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The comparison of the phase transformations going on due to high energy ball milling (HEBM) and produced by pressure-less Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS developed by EOS company) was carried out, by using an α-Fe, Ni and Cu3P powder mixture. It could be shown by X-ray diffractograms (XRD) of the two type of products, that by mechanical alloying a similar phase transformation occurs due to solid state reactions between the metal partners as in the case of laser sintering, in a given range of laser scanning speed in a laboratory laser equipment. According to the XRD evaluation the same metastable, γ-steel like phases were formed.

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Humnabad, Prashant S., R. Tarun, and Indraneel Das. "An Overview Of Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) Technology For Metal 3D Printing." Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels 70, no. 3A (July 12, 2022): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2022/30681.

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<p>Additive manufacturing is the process of building a component or a product layer-by-layer, as opposed to casting the component and then performing various subtractive machining processes like turning, drilling, milling which are the approach of subtractive manufacturing. The term 3D printing refers to the family of additive manufacturing processes, which utilize different mechanisms in order to build the product from a sliced computer aided design (CAD) model fed to the machine. direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is the one method of 3D printing functional metal parts are suitable for engineering applications and has the potential to provide a viable alternative to conventional methods of manufacturing and produce superior quality components with great flexibility in design using a wide range of materials. This paper presents the overview of DMLS technology, process parameters, design considerations, case studies of parts manufactured by DMLS and its applications in metal casting and rapid tooling.</p>

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Laverty, Dominic P., Matthew BM Thomas, Paul Clark, and Liam D. Addy. "The use of 3D metal printing (direct metal laser sintering) in removable prosthodontics." Dental Update 43, no. 9 (November 2, 2016): 826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2016.43.9.826.

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Dolinsek, Slavko. "Direct Metal Laser Sintering Some Improvements of the Materials and Process." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 2681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.2681.

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For a comprehensive understanding of the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) process and for the successful introduction of this technology, some investigations related to the characteristics of the powders and the individual sintered layers were therefore performed. Also possibilities of hard coatings deposition for further improvements the wear and temperature resistance of tool inserts, and investigations particularly focused into the industrial applications of DMLS tooling inserts are presented.

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Singh, Rupinder, Rishab, and Jashanpreet S. Sidhu. "On three-dimensional printing of 17-4 precipitation-hardenable stainless steel with direct metal laser sintering in aircraft structural applications." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 236, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14644207211044804.

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The martensitic 17-4 precipitation-hardenable stainless steel is one of the commercially established materials for structural engineering applications in aircrafts due to its superior mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. The mechanical processing of this alloy through a conventional manufacturing route is critical from the dimensional accuracy (Δ d) viewpoint for development of innovative structural components such as: slat tracks, wing flap tracks, etc. In past two decades, a number of studies have been reported on challenges being faced while conventional processing of 17-4 precipitation-hardenable stainless steel for maintaining uniform thickness of aircraft structural components. However, hitherto little has been reported on direct metal laser sintering of 17-4 precipitation-hardenable stainless steel for development of innovative functional prototypes with uniform surface hardness (HV), Δ d, and surface roughness ( Ra) in aircraft structural engineering. This paper reports the effect of direct metal laser sintering process parameters on HV, Δ d, and Ra for structural components. The results of study suggest that optimized settings of direct metal laser sintering from multifactor optimization viewpoint are laser power 100 W, scanning speed 1400 mm/s, and layer thickness 0.02 mm. The results have been supported with scanning electron microscopy analysis (for metallurgical changes such as porosity (%), HV, grain size, etc.) and international tolerance grades for ensuring assembly fitment.

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Ahmed, Gulam Mohammed Sayeed, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Vineet Tirth, Ali Algahtani, and Mohammed Azam Ali. "Wear resistance of maraging steel developed by direct metal laser sintering." Materials Express 10, no. 7 (October 1, 2020): 1079–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1715.

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This work presents wear study on maraging steel developed by additive manufacturing using Direct Metal Laser Sintering, utilizing a laser beam of high-power density for melting and fusing the metallic powders. Short aging treatment was given to the specimen prior to the wear tests. The density and the hardness of the 3D printed maraging steel were found to be better than the homogenized-aged 18Ni1900 maraging steel. The wear resistance is an important aspect that influences the functionality of the components. The wear tests in dry condition were performed on maraging steel on pin/disc standard wear testing machine. The design of experiments was planned and executed based on response surface methodology. This technique is employed to investigate three influencing and controlling constraints namely speed, load, and distance of sliding. It has been observed that sliding speed and normal load significantly affects the wear of the specimen. The statistical optimization confirms that the normal load, sliding distance, and speed are significant for reducing the wear rate. The confirmation test was conducted with a 95% confidence interval using optimal parameters for validation of wear test results. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the wear rate. The experimental results were matched with the projected values. The wear test parameters for minimum and maximum wear rate have been determined.

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Zhao, J. F., Y. Li, and J. H. Zhang. "Research on Direct Laser Sintering of Ni-Alloy Powder and Microstructure Feature." Materials Science Forum 471-472 (December 2004): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.881.

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The direct laser metal sintering experiments were carried out with nickel alloy powder material system. The melting–solidification approach was discussed. Microstructure and components of DLMS-process sample were analyzed. The incomplete liquid phase sintering is the main mechanism of the melting-solidification approach. In powder material system, the additive copper improves the wettability of melting material, and minimizes the balling phenomenon. The equiaxial dendrite and the dendrite are the primary crystal morphologies. The compositions of materials are distributed uniformly.

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Шашко, Ю. А., О. В. Кулик, and А. Ф. Санін. "ВИКОРИСТАННЯ АДИТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДЛЯ ОТРИМАННЯ ЗАГОТІВОК ДИСКІВ ТУРБІН ТУРБОНАСОСНИХ АГРЕГАТІВ." System design and analysis of aerospace technique characteristics 27, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/471937.

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This paper presents the results of research work, the main task of which was to assess the possibilities and prospects of using Direct Metal Laser Sintering - the technology of direct sintering of powder) DMLS for the manufacture of blanks for turbine turbine disk blades with blades (turbine rotor), as well as conducting analytical work to identify both advantages and disadvantages over other traditional methods.

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Naiju, C. D., M. Adithan, Pezhinkattil Radhakrishnan, and Y. Upendra Sravan. "Functional Testing of Direct Metal Laser Sintered (DMLS) Components for Automotive Application." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6242.

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This work presents the results of a study to determine the wear behavior of components manufactured by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). Wear is an important issue in using layer manufactured parts for functional application. Two different bushes were selected for the functional testing for wear behavior studies. Specimens (bushes) were manufactured by DMLS technology and was tested for wear behavior and compared with bushes manufactured by conventional manufacturing methods. Components were manufactured by using the process parameters like sintering speed, hatch spacing, post contouring speed, hatch type and infiltration with an optimized value. Testing was carried out for bushes, used for an automobile engine starter motor. A comparative study for the wear behavior was carried out and results are discussed.

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Renn, Michael J., Matthew Schrandt, Jaxon Renn, and James Q. Feng. "Localized Laser Sintering of Metal Nanoparticle Inks Printed with Aerosol Jet® Technology for Flexible Electronics." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.521797.

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Direct-write methods, such as the Aerosol Jet® technology, have enabled fabrication of flexible multifunctional 3-D devices by printing electronic circuits on thermoplastic and thermoset polymer materials. Conductive traces printed by additive manufacturing typically start in the form of liquid metal nanoparticle inks. To produce functional circuits, the printed metal nanoparticle ink material must be postprocessed to form conductive metal by sintering at elevated temperature. Metal nanoparticles are widely used in conductive inks because they can be sintered at relatively low temperatures compared with the melting temperature of bulk metal. This is desirable for fabricating circuits on low-cost plastic substrates. To minimize thermal damage to the plastics, while effectively sintering the metal nanoparticle inks, we describe a laser sintering process that generates a localized heat-affected zone (HAZ) when scanning over a printed feature. For sintering metal nanoparticles that are reactive to oxygen, an inert or reducing gas shroud is applied around the laser spot to shield the HAZ from ambient oxygen. With the shroud gas-shielded laser, oxygen-sensitive nanoparticles, such as those made of copper and nickel, can be successfully sintered in open air. With very short heating time and small HAZ, the localized peak sintering temperature can be substantially higher than that of damage threshold for the underlying substrate, for effective metallization of nanoparticle inks. Here, we demonstrate capabilities for producing conductive tracks of silver, copper, and copper–nickel alloys on flexible films as well as fabricating functional thermocouples and strain gauge sensors, with printed metal nanoparticle inks sintered by shroud-gas-shielded laser.

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Hanzl, Pavel, Ivana Zetková, and Jan Kutlwašer. "Dimensional Accuracy of a Product Built Using Direct Metal Laser Sintering." Manufacturing Technology 18, no. 4 (September 1, 2018): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/138.2018/a/1213-2489/mt/18/4/563.

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Hatos, I., B. Kocsis, and H. Hargitai. "Conformal cooling with heat-conducting inserts by direct metal laser sintering." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 448 (November 30, 2018): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/448/1/012027.

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Zhu, H. H., J. Y. H. Fuh, and L. Lu. "Microstructural evolution in direct laser sintering of Cu‐based metal powder." Rapid Prototyping Journal 11, no. 2 (April 2005): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552540510589430.

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Baek, Ju-Won, and Soo-Yeon Shin. "Fixed prostheses fabricated by direct metal laser sintering system: case report." Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2016.32.3.246.

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Simchi, A., F. Petzoldt, and H. Pohl. "On the development of direct metal laser sintering for rapid tooling." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 141, no. 3 (November 2003): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(03)00283-8.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Direct Metal Laser Sintering'

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