Relevant bibliographies by topics / Direct plating

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Direct plating'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Direct plating"

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MATUSHEK, MARIAN G., MICHAEL S. CURIALE, J. SUE MCALLISTER, and TERRANCE L. FOX. "Comparison of Various Plating Procedures for the Detection and Enumeration of Coliforms in Ice Cream and Ice Milk." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 2 (1992): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.2.113.

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Eight plating procedures for the detection and enumeration of coliforms in ice cream and nonfat frozen dessert were compared. The procedures were: (i) direct plating of 1 ml, (ii) 2 ml, or (iii) 3 ml of product with violet red bile agar (VRBA), (iv) direct plating of 5 ml of product with VRBA in a large petri dish, (v) plating 10 ml of a 1:10 dilution of the product across three plates poured with VRBA, (vi) plating 1 ml of a 1:10 dilution with VRBA, and (vii) plating 1 ml of a 1:10 dilution to Petrifilm E. coli Count (PEC) plates incubated for 24 and (viii) 48 h. Three samples of ice cream (h
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TOYONAGA, Minoru. "Overview on Direct Plating." Circuit Technology 8, no. 1 (1993): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep1986.8.47.

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MIYAGI, K., Y. TAKEGAKI, T. NAKANO, Y. NAKANO, T. HONDA, and K. SANO. "Frequency of failure to isolate Shigella spp. by the direct plating technique and improvement of isolation by enrichment in selenite broth." Epidemiology and Infection 127, no. 2 (2001): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268801006070.

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In order to clarify the failure to isolate Shigella spp. by direct plating, we compared frequencies of Shigella spp. isolation by direct plating and by plating after enrichment in selenite broth. A total 67 strains were isolated in this study. The strains of 38 (56·7%) were isolated only by direct plating, and 25 (37·3%) strains were isolated by both direct plating and after enrichment. Four strains (6·0%) were isolated after enrichment but not by direct plating. Since 6% of isolated Shigella spp. were not isolated by direct plating, we recommend that direct plating and additional isolations f
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SHIBATA, Mitsuo. "Electroless Plating. Direct Electroless Nickel Plating on Magnesium Alloys." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 48, no. 4 (1997): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.48.413.

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GAST, RICHARD K., and PETER S. HOLT. "Iron Supplementation to Enhance the Recovery of Salmonella enteritidis from Pools of Egg Contents." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 3 (1995): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.3.268.

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Direct-plating culture methods have been proposed for use in programs to test eggs for contamination by Salmonella enteritidis (SE) because of their speed and low cost, but direct plating has previously been observed to detect SE less frequently than more elaborate broth-enrichment culture methods. The present study used experimentally inoculated pools of egg contents to assess the comparative sensitivities of direct-plating and broth-enrichment culturing for detecting SE, to evaluate the ability of iron supplementation to increase the multiplication of SE during incubation of egg pools, and t
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Saito, Makoto, and Nobuo Ebina. "Direct Electroless Plating on Electronic Ceramics." Journal of SHM 10, no. 2 (1994): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep1993.10.2_33.

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WATANABE, Mitsuhiro, Hiroyuki SEIDA, and Hideo HONMA. "Direct Electroless Copper Plating on Glass." Journal of The Surface Finishing Society of Japan 58, no. 10 (2007): 612–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.58.612.

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HOLT, PETER S., RICHARD K. GAST, and CAM R. GREENE. "Rapid Detection of Salmonella enteritidis in Pooled Liquid Egg Samples Using a Magnetic Bead-ELISA System." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 9 (1995): 967–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.9.967.

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An assay was developed to shorten the time necessary to detect Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in contaminated egg pools. The immunomagnetic separation (IMS)-based assay used the DynabeadsTM Anti-Salmonella, a magnetic bead with mouse anti-Salmonella antibodies affixed to the surface, to bind the SE in the egg pools. The bound SE were concentrated by a magnet and were detected via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IMS-ELISA) employing a monoclonal anti-SE flagellar proteins (flagellins) antibody. Following the ELISA, the beads were plated onto differential media (IMS-direct).The effica
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Parker, Luke, Helen Maxwell, John McSorley, and Gary Brook. "P004 Prospective comparison of charcoal swabs versus near-patient direct culture plate inoculation for the culture of gonorrhoea in high-risk patients. a repeat audit." Sexually Transmitted Infections 93, Suppl 1 (2017): A18.2—A18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053232.50.

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IntroductionGonorrhoea culture is required to monitor antibiotic resistance and is recommended for all patients known or suspected to be infected. In July 2016 a retrospective comparison of near-patient direct plating and transported charcoal swabs found that the culture positive rate was 24% lower for charcoal swabs. Since this audit, the laboratory service implemented an urgent transport system for charcoal swabs, in order to improve the reliability of this method.MethodsBetween July 2016 and January 2017 all patients who had a positive GC NAAT or were otherwise at high risk had two culture
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HONMA, Hideo, Yasunori KOUCHI, and Shinichiro YASUDA. "Direct electroless copper plating on alumina ceramics." Circuit Technology 4, no. 2 (1989): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep1986.4.41.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Direct plating"

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Mandich, Nenad V. "Mechanisms of chromium deposition and dissolution under direct and pulse reverse plating conditions." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15349/.

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Baths containing sulphuric acid as catalyst and others with selected secondary catalysts (methane sulphonic acid - MSA, SeO2, a KBrO3/KIO3 mixture, indium, uranium and commercial high speed catalysts (HEEF-25 and HEEF-405)) were studied. The secondary catalysts influenced CCE, brightness and cracking. Chromium deposition mechanisms were studied in Part II using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic electroanalytical techniques under stationary and hydrodynamic conditions. Sulphuric acid as a primary catalyst and MSA, HEEF-25, HEEF-405 and sulphosalycilic acid as co-catalysts were explored for dif
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Miller, Alexander T. "Direct Electroless Copper Plating on Glass Mediated by Solution-Phase Deposition of Nucleation and Adhesion Promoters." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1436985990.

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Briggs, Whitney. "Evaluation and optimization of quantitative analysis methods for Clostridium perfringens detection in broiler intestinal samples to use with necrotic enteritis challenge models." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587491319889086.

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Dematos, Jean. "Characterization of Organic Additives Free Copper Electrodeposits, carried out in Sulfuric Acid Medium, Under Direct or Pulsed Current : Cathodic and Anodic Phenomena Understanding." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCD077.

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L'utilisation d'additifs organiques est une pratique courante pour améliorer les propriétés des couches de cuivre élaborées à partir d'un bain électrolytique en milieu sulfate. En particulier, le pouvoir nivelant et la brillance peuvent être fortement améliorés. Mais cette pratique n'est pas sans inconvénients, avec des coûts élevés, des risques de rupture d'approvisionnement et des risques pour la santé pour et l’environnement. De plus, la gestion des anodes solubles peut s’avérer délicate.Pour éviter les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus, ce travail propose de supprimer les additifs organiq
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Borges, Jairo. "Desenvolvimento de catalisadores nanoparticulados do tipo Pt-M1-M2(M1 e M2 = Sn e Re) para aplicação em células a combustível direta de etanol." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-13102008-171320/.

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Neste trabalho foi investigada a eletrooxidação de etanol sobre eletrodos nanoparticulados binários Pt-M1 (M1 = Sn ou Re) e ternários Pt-M1-M2 (M1 e M2 = Sn e Re) suportados em carbono. Estes materiais foram preparados pelo método da redução por álcool e foram caracterizados por difração de raios-X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura associada a EDX. Os eletrodos foram montados utilizando-se a técnica de camada ultrafina. Os resultados eletroquímicos mostraram que a adição dos diferentes metais à platina aumentou a atividade catalítica tanto dos eletrodos binários quanto dos ternários. Os
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Coleman, Nicholas Richard Boldero. "Direct liquid crystal templating of mesoporous silica and platinum." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302011.

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Hogarth, Martin P. "The development of the direct methanol fuel cell." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295055.

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Lin, Zhan. "Platinum and Platinum Alloy-Carbon Nanofiber Composites for Use as Electrodes in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03312010-171722/.

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In response to the energy needs of modern society and emerging ecological concerns, the pursuit of novel, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage systems has raised significant interest. Among various energy conversion and storage systems, fuel cells have become a primary research focus since they convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with high efficiency and low pollutant emissions. For example, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), which supply the electrical energy by converting methanol to energy, are an ideal fuel cell system for applications i
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Dubau, Laetitia. "Electrocatalyseurs platine-ruthénium nanodispersés pour une pile à combustion directe de méthanol." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2258.

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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre du développement de catalyseurs nanostructurés actifs pour l'électrooxydation du méthanol. Le platine est indispensable mais engendre une importante limitation cinétique, conséquence de la présence de l'espèce poison COads à sa surface. Associé au platine, le ruthénium diminue cet empoisonnement. La méthode colloi͏̈dale a permis de synthétiser deux types de catalyseur platine-ruthénium avec une taille de particules de l'ordre de 2 nm. Le premier, mélange de particules de platine et de ruthénium s'est avéré plus actif pour l'oxydation du CO et du méthanol que
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Corradini, Patricia Gon. "Investigação de nanocatalisadores de platina-terras raras suportados em carbono para células a combustível de etanol direto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75134/tde-19102017-083644/.

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Sistemas de células a combustível alimentadas por etanol (DEFC - Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell) são vistos como candidatos para ajudar preencher a lacuna entre a demanda e oferta de energia elétrica. Entretanto, as DEFC ainda não apresentam desempenho tão elevado, que incentivem a comercialização. Um dos principais esforços para elevar o desempenho é obter catalisadores anódicos mais eletroativos e estáveis para reação de oxidação de etanol (ROE). Neste trabalho, visou-se obter e avaliar catalisadores Pt-Sn-Terras raras (La, Ce, Pr e Eu) para ROE. Os catalisadores foram sintetizados a partir de alg
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Books on the topic "Direct plating"

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Vojinov, Mandich℗ĐhNenad. Mechanisms of chromium deposition and dissolution under direct and pulse reverse plating conditions. Aston University. Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, 1996.

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George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., ed. Microbiological analysis of debris from STS-42 IML-1 by direct plating of rinse waters. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1992.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Microbiological Analysis of Debris from Sts-42 IML-1 by Direct Plating of Rinse Waters. Independently Published, 2018.

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Hughes, Jim. Forearm and wrist. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198813170.003.0011.

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This chapter covers a selection of orthopaedic procedures involving the forearm and wrist, covering plating of the radius and ulna, and plating and/or K-wiring of the wrist. Each procedure includes images that demonstrate the position of the C-arm, patient, and surgical equipment with accompanying radiographs demonstrating the resulting images. The wrist is one of the most commonly injured regions of the body, as it is used with the hands to protect the body and head when falling. The forearm is more often injured in direct trauma, but any injuries to it may also affect the articulations at th
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Krishtal, O. A., and E. A. Lukyanetz, eds. Essays on Neurophysiology by Platon Kostyuk and His Students. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.420.306.

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This monograph is dedicated to the anniversary of the birth of the great Ukrainian world-famous neurophysiologist, biophysicist Academician Platon Grigoryevich Kostyuk. The monograph includes sections written by P.G. Kostyuk and his students who worked directly with him in the department or defended dissertations under his supervision. The monograph was prepared for a long time, so some authors have already passed away, like Platon Grigoryevich himself. The monograph presents memoirs and scientific data of research in modern molecular, cellular and theoretical neurophysiology and biophysics. T
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Book chapters on the topic "Direct plating"

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Radisic, Aleksandar, and Philippe M. Vereecken. "Direct Copper Plating." In Copper Electrodeposition for Nanofabrication of Electronics Devices. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9176-7_7.

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Wen, G., Z. X. Guo, and C. K. L. Davies. "Direct Electroless Plating of ZrO2 Powder." In Ceramics - Processing, Reliability, Tribology and Wear. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607293.ch54.

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Mazzocco, Amanda, Thomas E. Waddell, Erika Lingohr, and Roger P. Johnson. "Enumeration of Bacteriophages by the Direct Plating Plaque Assay." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-164-6_8.

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Lee, Jae Ho. "Direct Electroless Copper Plating on Polyimide for FPCB Applications." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-431-6.709.

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Tiozzo, Arianna, Matteo Dotoli, Georgia Kastrinaki, et al. "DCFC Strategies for Automotive Li-ion Cells: Non Disruptive Electrochemical Analysis and Post-mortem Raman Characterization." In Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89444-2_79.

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Abstract The shift towards E-mobility transportation represents an important step to guarantee an ecological and energetic transition. To have a good market penetration of electric vehicles, however, we must consider the needs of consumers, who demand short charging times and a long battery life. The study and design of DCFC (direct current fast charging) profiles is fundamental to achieve this goal. In a previous work, new DCFC profiles based on Multi Stage Constant Current (MSCC) charge step were proposed. The new profiles have been designed with the aim of providing a fast charge that avoid
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Song, Yong Wei, Da Yong Shan, and En Hou Han. "A Study on the Pretreatment of Direct Electroless Nickel Plating on Magnesium Alloys AZ91D." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-968-7.835.

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Kang, Z. X., Yuan Yuan Li, C. W. Zhong, Ming Shao, and Wei Xia. "Direct Joining of Acrylic Rubber to Cast Iron with Functional Nanofilm by Polymer Plating." In Advances in Machining & Manufacturing Technology VIII. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-999-7.491.

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Dupuis, J. M., and P. Chagvardieff. "Factors Influencing Protoplasts Plating Efficiency and Direct Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)." In Progress in Plant Protoplast Research. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2788-9_23.

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Garrido, C., D. Braichotte, H. van den Bergh, B. León, and M. Pérez-Amor. "Laser Direct Writing of Platinum Lines." In Laser/Optoelektronik in der Technik / Laser/Optoelectronics in Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48372-1_150.

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Cavaliere, Sara, Frédéric Raynal, Arnaud Etcheberry, Michel Herlem, and Henri Perez. "Direct Electrochemical Activity and Stability of Capped Platinum Nanoparticles." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-10-8.31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Direct plating"

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Ashiru, Oluwatoyin. "Improvement in Electroplating of Tin-Zinc Alloy Coating." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10269.

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Abstract Tin-zinc electrodeposit offers outstanding corrosion protection for steel by combining the barrier protection of tin with the galvanic protection of zinc, without the bulky corrosion product associated with wholly zinc deposit. It has high corrosion resistance, especially against sulfur dioxide and salt water for aircraft parts, automobile components, and equipment used for offshore oilfield applications. Tin-zinc coating was developed as a direct replacement for environmentally unfriendly cadmium coating. In this publication, the technical improvements achieved in the electrodepositi
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Franklin, M. J., D. E. Nivens, M. W. Mittelman, et al. "An Analogue Mic System with Specific Bacterial Consortia, to Test Effectiveness of Materials Selection and Countermeasures." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89513.

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Abstract ABSTRACT A standardized system has been established wherein microbes were recovered from specific sites (waters, sediments, slimes, tubercles) and at least six physiologically different groups of microbes were characterized and identified. These organisms were selected for properties known to be associated with microbial influenced corrosion (MIC), such as slime formation, acid production, sulfate reduction, iron chelation and precipitation, and hydrogen utilization. The organisms were characterized by their fatty acid composition. Coupons of the test material were embedded in epoxy,
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Grangier, Philippe. "Liquid Nitrocarburizing with Low Environmental Impact for Tribological Applications: Development and Continuous Improvement of a Sustainable Thermochemical Treatment through Life Cycle Assessment Method." In IFHTSE 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ifhtse2024p0309.

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Abstract Liquid nitrocarburizing is a well-known surface treatment when it comes to tribological parts and systems. The surface layers formed through liquid nitrocarburizing processing (compound layer and diffusion zone) make it possible to combine the corrosion, wear, and fatigue resistance properties of the treated materials (mainly ferrous alloys, from low-carbon to high-alloy steels and even cast iron) while enhancing their tribological behavior. Based on its worldwide presence, its continuous improvement and high industrial maturity, HEF Groupe’s Liquid Nitrocarburizing is the technology
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Patic, Paul Ciprian, and Gabriela Mantescu. "SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF EQUIPMENT FOR UNLOADING LONG METAL BARS." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s24.15.

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The dynamics of human society is directly related to the dependence on automation, and we can no longer produce almost anything without industrial automation. Automation is often associated with the industrial field, but automation has penetrated many areas of everyday life. Domains such as environmental protection, global trade, car, naval or rail traffic (increasingly intense), agriculture, construction and last but not least the medical field are some examples in which automation is present and in which they have a decisive role. This studied equipment is part of a technological flow to pro
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Appleby, A. J. "Corrosion in Low and High Temperature Fuel Cells - an Overview." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86079.

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Abstract Fuel cell anodes operate in a reducing atmosphere, whereas cathodes operate under strongly oxidizing conditions in difficult electrolytic environments. Electrochemical corrosion can limit the working cathode potential, hence fuel cell operating efficiency, as well as fuel cell lifetime. The four principal classes of electrolyte are aqueous alkali, aqueous acid, and two high-temperature CO2-rejecting systems: molten alkali carbonates (ca. 650°C) and solid oxide ionic conductors (1000°C). For the aqueous electrolytes, thermodynamically stable cathode materials include some of the noble
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James, P. J., and L. W. Pinder. "The Impact of Coal Chlorine on the Fireside Corrosion Behaviour of Boiler Tubing: a UK Perspective." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97133.

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Abstract Boiler tube failures are the principal cause of loss of power plant availability worldwide. A significant proportion of the failures in the furnace wall and pendant/platen superheater and reheater stages are the result, either directly or indirectly, of excessive metal loss by fireside corrosion. Despite fundamental differences in the corrosion mechanisms active on furnace walls (gaseous) and superheater/reheater stages (molten salt), much of the worsening fireside corrosion problems experienced in both sections on UK plant in the 1960’s and 1970's was attributed to fuel chemistry, in
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Williams, Steve, Jeremie Varnam, and Dave Morgan. "Brunswick Nuclear Plant IGSCC Mitigation Strategy and Monitoring." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05822.

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Abstract Reduction of electrochemical corrosion potential (ECP) of Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) vessel and internals is essential for mitigating intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC). Hydrogen water chemistry in moderate concentrations (HWC-M) or at reduced injection rates with noble metals are IGSCC mitigation strategies employed by BWRs. In-vessel lower plenum ECP measurements have been obtained during operating conditions for BWRs utilizing normal water chemistry, HWC-M and first generation noble metals. ECP monitoring for BWRs with second generation has been limited to probes moun
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Scully, John R., Hakan Dogan, Daoming Li, and Richard P. Gangloff. "Controlling Hydrogen Embrittlement in Ultra-High Strength Steels." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04563.

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Abstract A Fe-13Co-11Ni-3Cr-1Mo-0.2C steel alloy, processed for ultra-high strength and fracture toughness, exhibits three distinct hydrogen trap states in a complex precipitation hardened martensitic microstructure and is susceptible to severe hydrogen embrittlement (HE) at threshold stress intensity levels as low as 20 MPa√m. The causes of HE susceptibility include very high crack-tip tensile stresses and a reservoir of diffusible hydrogen that is trapped reversibly with a binding energy, Eb, of 11.5±0.5 kJ/mol at (Fe,Cr,Mo)2C precipitates. This reversibly trapped hydrogen repartitions to in
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Gensowski, Katharina, Gisela Cimiotti, Jonas Eckert, et al. "Direct contact plating - Inline plating solution for ZEBRA IBC by local contacting." In INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125876.

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Pulker, H. K., M. Buhler, R. Hora, and K. H. Guenther. "Reactive ion plating deposition for sui generis optical coatings." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.ths2.

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Edge filter double-halfwave narrowband transmission filters and broadband antireflection coatings have been deposited employing a reactive ion plating process. Reactive ion plating is distinctly different from other ion-assisted deposition techniques in that a high-current low-voltage plasma arc burns into the vapor source rather than a low-current medium-to-high energy ion beam irradiating the substrate and growing film surface. The vapor sources are melts of metals or suboxides produced by a modified standard electron-beam gun. The optical substrates when coated by reactive ion plating are i
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Reports on the topic "Direct plating"

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Brossia. L52119 Comparative Consumption Rates of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Anodes. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010953.

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There is a variety of impressed current anode materials available for onshore applications, including High Silicon Cast Iron (HSCI), Mixed Metal Oxides (MMO), graphite, platinum (or platinum coated titanium), and conductive polymers. Many end users simply select the anode material that they have experience with. What is lacking is a clear, direct comparison of relative anode consumption rates conducted under identical conditions. The present study examined the behavior of the various anode types under different current loads and soil conditions in an effort to establish baseline consumption ra
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