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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Direct-to-consumer and Farm Direct Marketing'
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1
McLennan, Steven. "THE IMPACT OF LOCAL ON MEAT PURCHASING DECISIONS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1315.
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The research examines the target market for a meat product produced by the local university. Further, desirable attributes of meat and how consumers definition of “locally produced and/or raised” are identified. A total of 290 personal interviews were completed in San Luis Obispo County, California on the consumers’ willingness to purchase Cal Poly meat. Likely purchasers are found to be 31 percent of the San Luis Obispo population. The target buyer of Cal poly meat products are both male and females, who tend to be older, and make more than $60,000 a year. Local is defined by 31 percent of likely Cal Poly Meats buyers as being grown and/or raised within the county they reside in, and also shared by residents of San Luis Obispo County. Additionally, it was found local vegetables are a more highly valued product than local meats, fruits, and wines product grown within the San Luis Obispo County.
2
Kennedy-Tucker, Patricia Elaine. "Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Drugs and Patients' Health Care Seeking Behaviors." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/42.
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Known as direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA), pharmaceutical companies in the United States are permitted to advertise prescription drugs directly to consumers. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if an association exists between DTCA and health care-seeking behaviors. The theoretical framework for this study involved social learning theory, information integration theory, and prospect theory. The research questions identified if exposure to DTCA (a) is associated with physician office visits, (b) influences a patient/physician conversation regarding a prescription, (c) influences requesting a prescription, and (d) has an impact on patients' ratings of the overall interaction with the physician. Data were derived from an online survey adapted from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Participants included 235 college-affiliated adults. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. The Bonferroni correction was used to control the family-wise Type I error rate. The most significant findings of this study are that DTCA is associated with patients asking more questions, having more office visits, and patients having a lower overall health status. Future researchers should consider a non-college-affiliated sample and the post-implementation impact of the Affordable Care Act. This study helps to address the community challenges of how DTCA impacts prescription drug use and costs, as well as patients' understanding of the associated risks. Having knowledge of the impact of DTCA can help patients and their communities, employers, and governments make more informed decisions that will positively impact their health, wellbeing, and prescription expenses.
3
Greco, Lauren. "Farm Fresh Food Boxes." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2020. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1180.
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In response to trends that challenge food access, farmer livelihoods and public health, several market and social institutions have pursued the development of alternative food systems (AFS). These attempt to support the production and distribution of foods with important qualities, such as attention to specific growing practices, higher worker standards, superior product quality and taste, support for environmental health and farmer well-being (Valchuis et al. 2015). While there has been some success in these efforts, as evidenced by the growth of farmers’ markets, community supported agriculture programs, and farm-to-institution relationships, growth in direct to consumer markets has flattened in recent years (USDA 2012) and there are still many barriers that limit the efficacy and reach of AFS. Farmers and distributors are constantly innovating, trialing new ideas and re-thinking old ones in hopes of overcoming or circumventing these challenges.
The Farm Fresh Food Box (F3B) project is one such market innovation that hybridizes direct to consumer (DTC) and value chain models with the goal of expanding producer sales and improving rural food access. Researchers and extension professionals from University of Vermont, University of Washington, Evergreen State College, and University of California studied the efficacy of F3B as a potential food system innovation through an applied project in partnership with small farmers and retailers. Research efforts focused on understanding challenges and opportunities for success within the model, as well as gleaning fundamental take-aways to better inform the broader knowledge of the continuum between DTC and value chain distribution systems.
This thesis considers findings from the first half of this research project. The first article Farm Fresh Food Boxes: Pilot Study Findings of Farmer-Rural Retailer Partners assesses the pilot season of the project and identifies major challenges and associated learning opportunities, with a focus on implications for Extension personnel.The second article, Farm Fresh Food Boxes: Relationships in Value-Chain Partnerships, merges existing knowledge of strategies and barriers that characterize DTC with current understanding of value-chains to better understand the process of expanding into new consumer populations. This analysis focuses on how the quality of the relationship between producers and retailers impacts overall success when expanding into new or unusual venues. Unlike much of the previous value-chain research, this paper places unique emphasis on the importance of the farmer-retailer relationship.
4
Greenslit, Nathan P. "Pharmaceutical relationships : intersections of illness, fantasy, and capital in the age of direct-to-consumer marketing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62963.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2007.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 278-289).
This dissertation is a multi-sited ethnography among marketers, consumer-patients and psychiatrists in the U.S. It explores the recent history of styles of pharmaceutical advertising that have come about in response to FDA regulations and ethical issues raised by patients and the press about how the pharmaceutical industry shapes drug research. Specifically this dissertation explores the role of direct-to-consumer drug marketing (DTC) in the consumption and experience of antidepressants, including a cultural shift in the U.S. towards how the consumer negotiates new ethical injunctions to manage his or her own identity through pharmaceuticals. A key focus is how marketers carve out their own ethical niche from which they innovate on ways to persuade consumer audiences with scientific facts that double as public relations. This dissertation gives special attention to how individuals encounter and incorporate the putative neuroscience of DTC advertising of antidepressants to negotiate their personal knowledge of illness, and to manage their identity, everyday practices, and professional pursuits. From these ethnographic encounters I have identified "illness," "fantasy," and "capital" as three key themes for my analysis of DTC marketing. In turn I have combined the very different literatures on illness (which address patient advocacy movements and health care seeking and questions of how medical diagnoses can be deployed as social norms), fantasy (which address psychoanalytic conceptions of desire and self, as well as semiotic understandings of consumption), and capital (which address health care market competition, and negotiations with the FDA over truth in advertising). In sum, this dissertation offers a thick description of "ethical identity management" in the contemporary landscape of U.S. pharmaceutical consumption.
by Nathan P. Greenslit.
Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
5
Kulesza, Marie. "Revenue Management Strategies for Long-Term Survival of Small-Farm Wineries." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7398.
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Some owners of small-farm wineries have moved to direct and alternative revenue management strategies to generate revenue and create brand awareness because of increased competition and regulatory changes. Research has revealed that owners of small-farm wineries remain financially reliant on direct-to-consumer sales through tasting rooms that represent an estimated 70% of their total revenue generated. This qualitative multiple case study was an exploration of how revenue management decisions of small-farm winery owners may contribute to long-term survival in a regulated industry. Dynamic capabilities concept was the conceptual framework for this study. The study population consisted of 3 small-farm winery owners in Connecticut who have operated a winery with Connecticut Grown designation for at least 10 years. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, organizational documents, observation notes, and review of each winery's website. Three themes emerged from data analysis: focus on brand and customer base, constraints consideration, and competitors' impact. The findings and recommendations from this study may further small-farm winery owners' understanding of revenue management strategies they can use to overcome constraint challenges and mitigate competitors' impact. As small-farm winery owners improve profitability and sustain long-term survival, subsequent positive social change, such as small business development and increased employment opportunities, may lead to economic prosperity for the local community and financial stability of community residents.
6
Dias, Mark F. "Ask your doctor : the direct-to-consumer (DTC) priming effect of pharmaceutical marketing on purchasing and health seeking behavior /." Abstract and full text available, 2009. http://149.152.10.1/record=b3079641~S16.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2009.Thesis advisor: Joanne DiPlacido. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-114). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Kumar, Sheila. "The relationship between direct to consumer marketing and the self-perception of GERD symptoms in the young adult population." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2007. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08152007-123038/.
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Cabrera, Brooke A. "The impact of direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertising on the pharmaceutical salesperson/doctor relationship : a pilot study." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2003. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/310.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Business Administration
Marketing
9
Baird-Harris, Kay. "Fair balance? An analysis of the functional equivalence of risk and benefit information in prescription drug direct-to-consumer television advertising." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12077/.
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Prescription drug direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) has been a subject of controversy in recent years. Though government regulations require equivalent prominence of risks and benefits, there is concern about the ability of consumers with limited health literacy to fully comprehend the risks and benefits associated with drug use. Evaluating the images in DTCA is important because individuals may rely on the visual message if the wording is overly complex. Using semiotics, this study aims to evaluate whether there is functional equivalence in the presentation of risk and benefit information in prescription drug direct-to-consumer television advertising. A new analytical method is created and used to assess the consistency between the messages contained in the voice track, the primary visual images, and the superscript/ subscript text. The results indicate that risk and benefit messages in this DTCA sample lack functional equivalence. However, it is important to properly frame these findings as the study does not evaluate viewer comprehension of the various message structures.
10
"Consumer Demand for Local Food from Direct-to-Consumer versus Intermediated Marketing Channels." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51618.
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abstract: Consumers can purchase local food through intermediated marketing channels, such as grocery stores, or through direct-to-consumer marketing channels, for instance, farmers markets. While the number of farms that utilize direct-to-consumer outlets keeps increasing, the direct-to-consumer sales remain lower than intermediated sales. If consumers prefer to purchase local food through intermediated channels, then policies designed to support direct channels may be misguided. Using a variety of experiments, this dissertation investigates consumer preferences for local food and their demand differentiated by marketing channel. In the first essay, I examine the existing literature on consumer preferences for local food by applying meta-regression analysis to a set of eligible research papers. My analysis provides evidence of statistically significant willingness to pay for local food products. Moreover, I find that a methodological approach and study-specific characteristics have a significant influence on the reported estimates for local attribute. By separating the demand for local from the demand for a particular channel, the second essay attempts to disentangle consumers’ preferences for marketing channels and the local-attribute in their food purchases. Using an online choice experiment, I find that consumers are willing to pay a premium for local food. However, they are not willing to pay premiums for local food that is sold at farmers markets relative to supermarkets. Therefore, in the third essay I seek to explain the rise in intermediated local by investigating local food shopping behavior. I develop a model of channel-selection in a nested context and apply it to the primary data gathered through an online food diary. I find that, while some consumers enjoy shopping at farmers markets to meet their objectives, such as socialization with farmers, the majority of consumers buy local food from supermarkets because they offer convenient settings where a variety of products can be bought as one basket. My overall results suggest that, if the goal is to increase the sales of local food, regardless of the channel, then existing supply-chain relationships in the local food channel appear to be performing well.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Agribusiness 2018
11
Yeh, Ting-Hwan, and 葉庭歡. "A Study of Consumer Behavior of Different Farm-Direct Marketing Channel in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80257271719084890822.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
農業經濟學研究所
103
This study analyzes consumers’ purchasing will toward farm-direct marketing products by using Probit model. We investigate the influences of characteristics of agricultural products, marketing channels and customer experience on the purchasing will of farm-direct marketing products. We also compare the differences of the purchasing will toward farm-direct marketing products among consumers from different regions in Taiwan. The correlations among marketing channels’ preference toward farm-direct products are also examined. The results show that characteristics of agricultural products and marketing channels have significant influences on the purchasing will of farm-direct products. Customer experience has a significant positive influence on the purchasing will of farm-direct products. We also find that characteristics of agricultural products and marketing channels have affected the purchasing will toward farm-direct marketing products through customer experience. The purchasing will levels toward farm-direct products by males and females are different statistically. Females are more likely to purchase farm-direct marketing products than males. Consumers from different regions in Taiwan shows significantly different consumer behaviors toward farm-direct products. The purchasing will and visit frequency of consumers in farmers'' market have a significant positive and high correlation, which means the correlations between consumer preferences toward purchase intention and visit frequency in farmers'' market are shown to be relatively high.
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"Direct-Marketing Strategy Conceptualization for Small Farmers in Iowa: Decision-Making Activities and Their Parallels to the Design Process." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.55616.
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abstract: This study explores the processes of designing strategies. The context of this research is scoped to the direct-marketing activities of small farm operators in eastern Iowa. The research intent is to explore and articulate trends in decision-making processes that assist small farm operators in eastern Iowa with direct marketing farm-to-table products, to explore and articulate how the design process creates differentiated value, and to explore and articulate the relationship between the design process and the way that small farm operators in eastern Iowa conceptualize their direct-marketing strategies.
The research design takes a post-positivist approach and uses a grounded theory methodology. The study does not have a starting hypothesis but instead starts with the research intent described previously. Convergent mixed methods and a flexible plan are used for data collection including semi-structured interviews and surveys with key concepts operationalized into Likert scales. The participants are selected from eastern Iowa farmers’ markets and Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) directories. For the qualitative data analysis, a grounded theory method is used to code interview response data, categorize the codes into related groups, and let the themes and sub-themes emerge from the data. For the quantitative data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics are calculated on the aggregate data set.
The study finds that small farm operators are making strategic decisions about marketing mix variables such as product quality and relationship building, there are statistically significant correlations between design concepts and direct-marketing strategies, and that farmers designed their strategies by using the design process.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Design 2019
13
Gallo, Kaitlin P. "Direct-to-consumer marketing of psychological treatments: a randomized controlled trial." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/14131.
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Progress in disseminating and implementing evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs) has been gradual. To date, the dominant target for promoting EBPTs in clinical settings has been the education and training of mental health providers, with many consumers remaining unaware of EBPTs' potential benefits.
The present study empirically evaluated via a randomized controlled design the preliminary utility of direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising of psychological treatments (PTs). American and Canadian undergraduate participants (N=344) were randomly assigned to view one of four commercial campaigns via the Internet on three occasions. Each campaign consisted of three different commercials embedded within unrelated content. Campaign content varied across participants, who were assigned to either the [1] Psychological Treatment (PT) campaign (n=98); [2] Psychological Treatment informing about Medication Side Effects (PT-MSE) campaign (n=80); [3] Medication (MED) campaign (n=82); or [4] the Neutral (NEU; i.e., control) campaign (n=84). The groups did not differ significantly on age or gender distribution. Data regarding attitudes about psychological treatment and treatment-seeking behaviors were collected prior to the intervention (T1), one week following the intervention (T2), and at a three-month follow-up evaluation (T3). It was hypothesized that those in the PT and PT-MSE conditions would have improved attitudes about psychological treatment and increased rates of seeking psychological treatment compared to those assigned to MED and NEU.
The percentage of participants who newly intended psychological treatment at T2 or T3 differed by condition, with PT-MSE participants significantly more likely to have considered receiving psychological treatment than those in the other conditions. Those in PT were significantly more likely to have planned to receive psychological treatment at T2 or T3 than those in the other conditions. MED participants, as compared to participants in the other conditions, reported significantly increased levels of comfort about psychopharmacological treatment at T3. Baseline reports of DSM-IV symptomatology, stigma toward psychological treatments, media consumption, and nationality all significantly moderated various outcomes related to attitudes toward psychopharmacological and psychological treatment.
The present study provides supporting evidence of the preliminary utility and efficacy of DTC marketing of PTs, suggesting that increasing consumer knowledge of PTs may be a worthwhile augmentation to EBPT dissemination and implementation efforts.
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Kalsow, Gretchen Anne. "A Microeconometric Analysis of Consumer Response to Direct Marketing and Mail Order." Thesis, 1997. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/13582/1/kalsow-ga-1997.pdf.
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This dissertation builds a series of micro-econometric models of consumer response to direct marketing and mail order. It employs a unique dataset from one of the largest mail order firms in the United States. Prior to building the models a brief history of the mail order industry is included to alert the reader to level and type of information that has been amassed over the last century. The next chapter compares the linear probability models commonly in use in the direct marketing industry to logit discrete choice models. Following that analysis is an implementation of the Dubin and McFadden [11] discrete/continuous model. It supports the hypothesis that the decision to purchase and the purchase amount are correlated, which indicates that the independent regressions for the propensity to purchase and the purchase amount currently being used by direct marketing firms could be improved upon.
The following chapters build and estimate three discrete time/discrete choice discrete/continuous models. The first model is one in which each time period is independent of the other time periods. The second model assumes that each individual has a reservation value, or pain threshold, for ordering products. The last model is a nested logit model in which future periods, i.e., consumer’s expectations, are considered when making their purchase decision.
An appendix describing the data and the process for building the dataset is included at the end. In addition, a second appendix containing an outline of potential future research closes out the dissertation. The third appendix contains a proof of one of the propositions.
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Trivette, Shawn Alan. "Farm-to-Fork: Understanding Locally-Oriented Farm-to-Vendor Food Systems: Access, Boundaries, and Power-Relations." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/670.
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Locally oriented food has recently gained considerable popularity as an alternative to the industrial food system. Current scholarship on local food has typically focused on direct-to-consumer (DTC) arrangements, such as farmers' markets or CSAs. Yet other players besides producers and consumers engage with locally-oriented food. Food vendors (restaurants, retailers and grocers, and value-added food processors) have recently entered the scene and locally-oriented farm-to-vendor arrangements constitute one of the cutting edges of the development of local food systems. This dissertation studies one such local food system in southern New England. Utilizing a mixed methods approach entailing social network analysis, in-depth interviews, fieldwork observations, and GIS analysis, this study interrogates how direct-to-vendor (DTV) local food systems operate. I show through the literature review that though local food systems hold considerable promise, they are not inherent mechanisms of sustainability. Next I turn to the question of what "counts" as local, examining the range of distances farms and vendors within this region travel to sell or purchase food, and asking what are the forces and conditions that influence this range of travel? The greatest influences are number of ties to other local food entities, what type of farm or food-vendor they are, size, and urban proximity. I then focus on key participants in the area of study. What are the challenges and constraints around developing a vibrant locally-based food system? These participants face continual pressure to expand their size and markets, emulating the dominant food system and thereby undercutting their sustainable potential. However, these participants also find ways to overcome what are sometimes contradictory interests to forge a functional locally-based food system based on reciprocity and trust. Due in part to price premiums on local food many local food participants tend to be white and have high incomes and levels of education. In the final empirical chapter I ask: in what ways do these inequalities manifest systematically? By geospatially mapping the locations of local food outlets against census data on race, income, and education, I show that racial and class advantages are perpetuated in terms of people's proximal access to these local food outlets.
16
Jeng, Cherng-Jye, and 鄭丞傑. "The Marketing Strategy of DTC (Direct-to-Consumer) Prescription Drug: Viagra as an Example." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81925607071585000493.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
高階公共管理組
97
Although DTC(direct-to-consumer) prescription drugs are limited to be prescribed by medical doctors, it’s analogous to consumer products in certain aspects and its marketing strategy is similar to that of consumer goods. According to the regulatory rules in Taiwan, prescription drugs can not use any form of advertisement except for promotion to medical doctors. However consumer behavior research revealed that more than 90% of erectile dysfunction(ED) drugs were directly sold in drugstores without prescription. Previous research also showed that DTC users of priscription drugs were usually influenced by mass media and friends/relatives rather than medical professionals. This phenomenon is different from common priscription drugs, but similar to many consumer products. It is important to seek support from key opinion leaders in medical professionals when marketing DTC prescription drugs. However, the main marketing target should be consumers and the main marketing tools should be a “pull” strategy(including various kinds of media exposures) accompanied by a “push” strategy (which emphasizes positive image and efficacy of the DTC drugs). DTC prescription drugs, such as ED drugs, may usually be high-involvement products initially. Since there is only a few differences among various brands, it then usually becomes a low-involvement habitual buying behavior. If we can make consumers to become more familiar with a certain brand, they will have stronger brand belief, and will be used to buying the same brand repeatedly. The “pull” strategy for promoting DTC priscription can easily inspire the need and motivation of potential consumers, and then foster their positive attitude toward product through behavior learning process or product experience. However, because of its consumer product characteristics, the potential customers may become resistant to the promotion efforts, and so the expansion of market size may be limited. It is not easy to create cost advantage for DTC prescription drugs. But the market leader may enjoy first mover advantage and differentiate itself through product attributes (such as efficacy), and promotion intensity(such as wider exposure). Since there is a limit to drug patent, pharmaceutical firms should manage to navigate through the product life cycle, such as developing a lower-price product to maintain future market leadership, or phasing out from current market and move to other fields. Keywords：Direct-to-Consumer (DTC), Prescription Drug, Erectile Dysfunction(ED), Consumer Behavior, Marketing Strategy.
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Wu, Ming-Chien, and 吳名倩. "A study of consumer purchase intention to the combination of direct marketing and physical channel." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71133966595373759614.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
95
As the increasing of our GDP and of female workforce, cosmetic market is getting more important. Accompany with the fierce competition which company should face, Amway and AVON, the giant of non-store cosmetic companies, change their business strategy from direct marketing to matching physical channel with non-store channel in order to encourage their market share and their brand awareness. Compare to other cosmetic company, Amway and AVON face the challenge of well-matching the different characteristics of channels. From business point of view,this paper could not only provide the knowledge of the perception in consumer’s mind including price,quality and risks but also the product mix and the consumer involvement;furthermore, this paper also provide the discussion of the fitness of combining two channels to increase the share of wallet.
18
Chao, Wan-Ju, and 趙婉茹. "Consumer Accepted Property Insurance Companies Used Direct Marketing Channels to Sell Property Insurance--The case of individual insurance lines." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91190676866382868104.
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碩士淡江大學
保險學系保險經營碩士在職專班
96
The paper of purpose is to test characteristics of individual property insurance direct channels. There are 363 questionnaires collected form Taipei county, Taipei city, Taoyuan County, and Hsinchu County. Our empirical approaches follow as: cross table, logistic regression, and correlation coefficients. The paper has three outcomes: first, consumers like an easier direct channel, such as Internet. However, consumers dislike individual property insurance salesman, who used telephone to promote his insurance goods. Telephone channel has insecurity and difficultly characteristics. On the other hand, consumers have high level of education, which dislikes direct channels. Compulsory insurance often used direct channels to promote. Moreover, consumers say that they dislike direct channels reason as unprofessional.
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Hung, Ching-Yu, and 洪靜玉. "The Effects of Direct Marketing to Consumer Brand Experience, Customer Satisfaction And Repurchase Intention -A Case Study of Wang Steak." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2cfbnd.
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碩士國立臺中科技大學
企業管理系事業經營碩士班
102
ABSTRACT According to the year 2011 survey from China Credit Information Service in the restaurant industry in Taiwan, 80% of the top twenty restaurant businesses are chain restaurants. In this Case study, The Wang Steak, a brand restaurant of the high-end consumption of the Wowprime corp., is used to study the effects of direct marketing as a tool of brand management on consumers'' choice. Whether direct marketing will create customers''enthusiasm about attempting brand restaurant, or it will motivate customers'' actuation in consuming in a brand restaurant is investigated. Moreover, this study explores the impact of direct marketing on consumers'' satisfaction and repurchase behavior. A total of 337 valid surveys were collected and analyzed by using SPSS12.0 software. Regression analysis was used in studying relationships among the direct marketing, the brand experience and the customer satisfaction and repurchase intention, also in studying the relationships among consumers brand information sources and brand experience as well. Through hierarchical regression analysis to further explore whether the brand experience has a mediating effect on the relationship between direct marketing and customer satisfaction or repurchase intention. The results of this study are as follows. (1)Direct marketing has a positive effect on brand experience. (2)Brand experience has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. (3)Direct marketing has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. (4)Through brand experience, directing marketing has positive and significant impacts on customer satisfaction and repurchases intention. (5)Different brand information resources have different effects on direct marketing, brand experience, and customer satisfaction and repurchase intention.
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Delios, Anna Maria. "A normative perspective of the American opioid public health epidemic: regulatory lessons to Portugal." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/106690.
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ABSTRACT - In response to the opioid epidemic, which has claimed approximately 700,000 lives, a
national public health emergency was declared in the United States in 2017. The
epidemic was triggered by medical overprescription under the influence of marketing
strategies crafted to convince physicians pain was being poorly treated and that fear of
addiction was unwarranted.
This study describes the origins of the epidemic through a normative perspective and
verifies similarities and differences between regulations from Portugal and the United
States. The aim is to raise awareness of potential contributors to an opioid epidemic in
Portugal.
With this purpose, scientific literature and American and Portuguese regulations were
reviewed. A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews of Portuguese keyinformants
within the field of pain management was conducted to address their views
and perceptions of opioid use in Portugal.
Medical caution with opioid use was withdrawn and a new practice of treating chronic
pain unrelated to cancer with opioids was consensually approved without adequate
empiric evidence. Direct-to-consumer marketing, unregulated sales representatives
visits and gifts and donations to physicians may have contributed to the conception of
the epidemic.
In Portugal, direct-to-consumer marketing is limited and physician-industry relations are
strictly regulated, nonetheless, opioid use for chronic pain has been approved by
legislation and opioid sales have increased by 54-fold since 2001. Key-informants agree
opioid efficacy is limited and preventive measures for opioid overprescription, namely,
pain management medical education, systematic monitoring of opioid dispensing, and
information to patients are indicated.RESUMO - Em resposta à epidemia de opióides foi declarada uma emergência nacional de saúde pública nos Estados Unidos em 2017. A epidemia foi desencadeada por excesso de prescrição médica e estratégias de marketing criadas para convencer os médicos de que a dor estava a ser sub-tratada e que o medo da adição era injustificado. Este estudo descreve as origens da epidemia sob uma perspetiva regulamentar dos Estados Unidos, verificando semelhanças e diferenças com a situação portuguesa. O objetivo é consciencializar para prevenir a possibilidade de uma epidemia similar em Portugal. Foram analisadas literatura bem como regulamentação americana e portuguesa. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo com entrevistas semi-estruturadas a informantes-chave portugueses, especialistas em tratamento da dor, com o objetivo de abordar as suas perceções sobre o uso de opióides em Portugal. A cautela médica com os opióides foi abandonada e o seu uso para tratar dor crónica não-oncológica consensualmente aprovado mesmo sem evidência suficiente. Do ponto de vista normativo, visitas de representantes de vendas, marketing direto ao consumidor e doações a médicos podem ter contribuído para a conceção da epidemia. Em Portugal, o marketing direto ao consumidor é restrito e as relações entre médicos e indústria são estritamente regulamentadas. No entanto, desde que o uso de opioides para dor crónica foi aprovado em 2001 as vendas destes medicamentos aumentaram 54 vezes. Os informantes-chave concordam que a eficácia do opióide é limitada e medidas preventivas para o excesso de prescrição são indicadas, nomeadamente, educação especializada, monitoramento e informação ao doente.