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Journal articles on the topic 'Directional solidification (Crystal)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Davis, Stephen H. "Directional Solidification." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (1990): S3—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120845.

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The mechanical and electrical properties of crystals produced by a unidirectional process depend strongly on the temperature and flow field in the melt since these control the concentration of solute at the melt–crystal interface. The solute gradient there drives morphological instabilities that lead to cellular or dendritic interfaces. This paper discusses the planar–cellular transition and the description of cellular phenomena in theoretical terms.

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2

Deschamps, J., M. Georgelin, and A. Pocheau. "Crystal anisotropy and growth directions in directional solidification." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 76, no. 2 (2006): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i2006-10247-9.

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3

Caroli, B., C. Caroli, and B. Roulet. "Directional Solidification of a Faceted Crystal." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (1990): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120849.

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4

Fu, Heng Zhi, and Lin Liu. "Progress of Directional Solidification in Processing of Advanced Materials." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.607.

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Most of materials have long been considered to be mechanical and/or physical anisotropy. Permitting materials to grow along specific orientation by means of directional solidification technique can optimize their structural or functional properties. The present paper attempts to introduce the research work in the field of processing of some advanced materials by innovative directional solidification techniques performed at State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and with author’s intended research work. The paper deals with the specific topics on directional solidification of followi

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5

Li, Xi, Yves Fautrelle, Rene Moreau, and Zhongming Ren. "EBSD study of the morphology and orientation of the primary and eutectic phases in Al–Cu alloys during solidification under a strong magnetic field." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 1 (2016): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576715021731.

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The effect of a strong magnetic field on the morphology and orientation of the Al2Cu dendrite and Al–Al2Cu eutectic in Al–Cu alloys was studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technology. The experimental results revealed that the applied magnetic field modified the morphology and orientation of both the Al2Cu dendrite and the Al–Al2Cu eutectic significantly. The magnetic field caused a break in the Al2Cu dendrite and the degeneration of Al–Al2Cu eutectic lamellae during directional solidification. It was also found that the magnetic field caused the formation of dislocations in

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6

Liu, Lin, Fa Qin Xie, Jun Zhang, and Heng Zhi Fu. "Recent Activities on Directional Solidification at the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3106.

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Directional solidification technique permits materials to grow along specific orientation, in order to obtain mechanical and/or physical anisotropy. The present research attempts to introduce the research work in the field of processing of some advanced materials by innovative directional solidification techniques performed at State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and with author’s intended research work. The paper deals with the specific topics on state of the art of directional solidification: single crystal superalloy and Nd-Fe-B alloys under high thermal gradient, Cu-Ni alloys

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Bowley, R., B. Caroli, C. Caroli, F. Graner, P. Nozières, and B. Roulet. "On directional solidification of a faceted crystal." Journal de Physique 50, no. 12 (1989): 1377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphys:0198900500120137700.

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8

Mei, Xiang Yang, Wen Hui Ma, Kui Xian Wei, and Yong Nian Dai. "Experiment Research on Purifying Metallurgical Grade Silicon and Crystal Growth in Directional Solidification." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1213.

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The main raw material of solar energy is multi-crystalline silicon. Directional solidification technique is one important technological process of metallurgy purification technology for multi-crystalline silicon. It can purify metallurgical grade silicon by removing metal impurities and control crystal growth at the same time. In experiment, metallurgical grade silicon by acid leaching pre-treatment, was purified by our self-assembled directional solidification furnace. The sample was analyzed by electron-prode micro analysis (EPMA). According to the results, the removal efficiency of Fe and A

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9

Chen, Da Hui, Li Qun Hou, Jin Jun Tang, Zheng Ren, Liang Jun Fei, and Zhen Yu Kang. "Directional Solidification Microsegregation and Concentration Analysis with Different Supersaturation." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1866.

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In order to obtain the directional microstructure of different supersaturation and growing velocity, three simulations is calculated with different initial temperature. When the initial temperature is 1576K, and the supersaturation and growing velocity are smaller. The average space length of columnar crystals is bigger, and microsegregation is smaller. when the initial temperature is 1574K, the supersaturation and growing velocity increase. The average space length of columnar crystals decreases, and microsegregation increase; when the initial temperature falls to 1566K, the supersaturation a

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10

Rao, Lei, Lian Bing Zhu, and Qi Yao Hu. "Microstructure Morphology Evolution of Single Crystal Copper Rod by Ohno Continuous Casting in Copper Manufacturing System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 252 (December 2012): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.252.360.

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Heated-mould continuous casting (Ohno continuous casting, OCC) is a kind of special continuous directional solidification technique in copper manufacturing system. Copper rod solidification process is cooperative controlled by heated mould and water cooler. Single crystal metal rod of any length can be produced by OCC. In this paper, based on continuous nucleation model, microstructure morphology evolution process of single crystal copper rod has been studied by coupled cellular automata method and finite element method. Competitive growth process has been described that tiny equiaxed crystal

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11

Zheng, Shuai, Yu Liang Jia, and Jiao Tang. "Directional Solidification Behavior of CMSX-6 Superalloy." Materials Science Forum 788 (April 2014): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.788.554.

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The directional solidification behavior of a first generation single crystal superalloy CMSX-6 was investigated. The solidification rate range in 25μm/s to 100μm/s and a thermal gradient G of 30K/cm were used for the present study. The experimental results show that the primary dendrite arm space (PDAS) decreased from (432±8) μm to (369±4) μm as the solidification rate increased, and the sizes of the eutectic pools also decreased as the solidification rate increased. And the volume fractions of eutectic γ/γ' were about 7% to 9% with different solidification rate. The γ/γ'- eutectic was compris

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12

Jiang, Li Wu, Shu Suo Li, Mei Ling Wu, and Ya Fang Han. "Grain Competition Mechanism of a Ni₃Al-Based Single Crystal Superalloy IC6SX." Materials Science Forum 747-748 (February 2013): 797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.747-748.797.

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The grain competitive growth and elimination during the directional solidification of a Ni3Al-base single crystal superalloy IC6SX prepared by spiral grain selection method was studied systematically. The experimental results revealed that there were 5 kinds of mechanism during the grain competitive growth and elimination. The grains with preferred growth direction and smaller deviation angle to growth direction have stronger competitiveness, and the mutual thwarting of dendrites played an important role in the processing of grains competitive growth. The results can explain the competitive gr

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13

Chen, Ming, Yu Jiang, Wen Long Sun, Xiao Dong Hu, and Chun Li Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Binary Alloy Crystal Growth of Multiple Dendrites and Direcitonal Solidification Using Phase-Field Method." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.703.

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Phase field method (PFM) offers the prospect of carrying out realistic numerical calculation on dendrite growth in metallic systems. The dendritic growth process of multiple dendrites and direcitonal solidification during isothermal solidifications in a Fe-0.5mole%C binary alloy were simulated using phase field model. Competitive growth of multiple equiaxed dendrites were simulated, and the effect of anisotropy on the solute segregation and microstructural dedritic growth pattern in directional solidification process was studied in the paper. The simulation results showed the impingement of ar

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Dong, Yan Bo, Ming Chen, and Xi Wang. "Numerical Simulation of Binary Alloy Crystal Growth Using Phase-Field Method." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.57.

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The competitive growth of multiple dendrites and crystal growth of directional solidification in a Mg-Al binary alloy were simulated using phase-field model, and the effect of undercooling value on the microstructural dendritic growth pattern in directional solidification process was studied in the paper. The simulation results showed the impingement of the adjacent grains, which made the dendrite growth inhibited in the competitive growth of multiple dendrites, and in directional solidification process, quantitative comparison of different undercooling values that predicted the columnar dendr

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Chao, Long Sun, Yu Ru Chen, and Fang Chun Wang. "Experimental Analysis of Seed Effect on the Directional Solidification of Sn-Pb Alloy." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.343.

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In this paper, an experiment model for the directional solidification of Lead/Tin alloy is built and the effects of different-shape seeds on the microstructures on the solidification microstructure are investigated. In a casting process, the temperature and concentration fields will affect the microstructures of materials and this influence is the key point of improving their mechanical and physical properties. It is not easy to control the morphology of solidifying microstructures. The scheme of directional solidification can make the microstructures grow along a fixed direction and it is als

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16

Shiohara, Yuh, Teruo Izumi, Yuichi Nakamura, and Shoji Tanaka. "CRYSTAL GROWTH OF YBCO SUPERCONDUCTORS BY DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSING." Journal of Advanced Science 4, no. 1 (1992): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2978/jsas.4.22.

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Li, Xin, Shuang-ming Li, Song-ke Feng, Hong Zhong, and Heng-zhi Fu. "Directional Solidification and Thermoelectric Properties of Undoped Mg2Sn Crystal." Journal of Electronic Materials 45, no. 6 (2016): 2895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4320-5.

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18

Deng, Y. S., Xian Shi Fang, Feng Ye, Y. Qiao, Jun Pin Lin, and G. L. Chen. "Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Directionally Solidified Fe-6.5wt.%Si Alloy." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.122.

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Directional solidification technique was employed to produce Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy with coarse columnar-grain structure, which was almost single crystal. The sectional diameters of columnar grains range from 2.2 to 6.8 mm. The saturation magnetic induction was 2.39 T. In this work, grain growth started from either a Fe-6.5wt.%Si crystal which was not melted at bottom of the specimen or a freely nucleated Fe-6.5wt.%Si crystal as the specimen was completely melted. It was found that the starting situation of the directional solidification plays an important role in the crystal orientation, and henc

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19

Jo, Chang Yong, D. H. Kim, Yeong Seok Yoo, D. H. Ye, and Jung Hun Lee. "Effect of Boron on Solidification Microstructure in a Single Crystal Superalloy." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.460.

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Carbon and boron were mainly considered to strengthen grain boundaries formed during single crystal casting of complex shaped components. However, those elements cause segregation forming the phase with low melting temperature or with brittle nature. To determine the optimum amount of these elements, the effect of boron on solidification behavior was investigated in the C doped single crystal RR 2072 alloy. The solid/liquid interface morphologies and the solidification microstructures were studied at various solidification rates and with B addition by directional solidification.

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20

Zuo, H. J., M. W. Price, R. D. Griffin, R. A. Andrews, and G. M. Janowski. "The effect of back-melting on the continuity of crystallographic orientation and composition in HgZnTe." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1696–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133114.

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The II-VI semiconducting alloys, such as mercury zinc telluride (MZT), have become the materials of choice for numerous infrared detection applications. However, compositional inhomogeneities and crystallographic imperfections adversly affect the performance of MZT infrared detectors. One source of imperfections in MZT is gravity-induced convection during directional solidification. Crystal growth experiments conducted in space should minimize gravity-induced convection and thereby the density of related crystallographic defects. The limited amount of time available during Space Shuttle experi

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21

Kim, S. H., J. M. Kim, H. J. Lee, et al. "Effect of Thermal Gradient on Solidification Microstructure in the Ni-Base Single Crystal Superalloy CMSX10." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.361.

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A single crystal superalloy including 6 wt.% Re, CMSX10 was studied by directional solidification at various thermal gradients, 13 ~ 23oC/mm and solidification rates, 1~100 μm/s. A high thermal gradient could be obtained by applying the liquid metal, such as Ga-In, as a cooling media in directional solidification apparatus, and also by adjusting the cold chamber in the Bridgman system. As increasing the solidification rate, the planar interface changed to cellular and dendritic interfaces. The higher thermal gradient contributed to reducing the dendrite arm spacing effectively, which results i

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22

Szeliga, D., K. Kubiak, and J. Sieniawski. "Numerical Simulation of Directional Solidification Process of Single Crystal Ni- Based Superalloy Casting." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 2 (2017): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0061.

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Abstract The analysis of influence of mould withdrawal rate on the solidification process of CMSX-4 single crystal castings produced by Bridgman method was presented in this paper. The predicted values of temperature gradient, solidification and cooling rate, were determined at the longitudinal section of casting blade withdrawn at rate from 1 to 6mm/min using ProCAST software. It was found that the increase of withdrawal rate of ceramic mould results in the decrease of temperature gradient and the growth of cooling rate, along blade height. Based on results of solidification parameter G/R (te

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23

Li, Peng Ting, Shi Qiang Ren, Zi Long Wang, and Yi Tan. "Improving the Purity of Multicrystalline Silicon by Using Directional Solidification Method." Materials Science Forum 911 (January 2018): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.911.51.

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Large temperature gradient was introduced to improve the removal rate of metal impurity in silicon ingot during direction solidification. The concentration of metal impurities in the silicon ingot with a large temperature gradient is 0.96 ppmw. The solidification time is reduced by 20% due to the fast speed of crystal growth improved; meanwhile the purity is increased by 64%.

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Bi, Ping, Xiu Hua Chen, Wen Hui Ma, et al. "Nucleation of Multicrystalline Silicon during Directional Solidification." Materials Science Forum 847 (March 2016): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.847.103.

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In this work, directional solidification was performed for multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) ingot casting. The initial nucleation at the bottom of the silicon melt could be controlled by changing the cooling rate from 9 to 20μm/s. Metallographic microscope, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Microwave photoconductivity decay meter (μ-PCD) and four-point probe resistivity tester were used to investigate the microstructure, crystal orientation and electrical properties of the mc-Si ingots. The obtained results showed that cooling rate at 17μm/s is the optimum condition for the mc-Si ingots casting, under

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25

Cochrane, J. C., P. K. Carpenter, and D. C. Gillies. "Characterization By Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) And Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (Eds) Of Solid Solution Single Crystals Grown On Earth And In Microgravity." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600013787.

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The II-VI semiconductor mercury cadmium telluride, composed of 80 mole percent HgTe and 20 mole percent CdTe, has been grown on Earth and aboard two NASA Space Shuttle flights in order to study the solidification of a solid solution semiconductor having a wide separation between liquidus and solidus. Segregation during solidification, high volatility of mercury, and strain fields associated with large temperature gradients make the growth of homogeneous, high-quality, bulk crystals extremely difficult. The traditional growth methods yield crystals with axial and radial compositional variations

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Kakimoto, Koichi, Hitoshi Matsuo, Syo Hisamatsu, et al. "Numerical Analysis of mc-Si Crystal Growth." Solid State Phenomena 156-158 (October 2009): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.156-158.193.

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The content and uniformity of impurities and precipitates have an important role in the efficiency of solar cells made of multicrystalline silicon. We developed a transient global model of heat and mass transfer for directional solidification for multicrystalline silicon and a dynamic model of SiC particles and silicon nitride precipitation in molten silicon based phase diagrams. Computations were carried out to clarify the distributions of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen based on segregation and the particle formation in molten silicon during a directional solidification process. It was shown tha

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Xu, Cai Ling. "Analysis of Multi-Directional Squeeze Casting Liquid Forging of Sewing Machine Oil Chassis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.87.

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Sewing machine oil chassis is manufactured by adopting the method of multi-directional squeeze casting liquid forging. When multi-directional pressure is applied on the template, forward and radial pressures inside the solidified body are the same at each direction according to calculation and analysis. The internal pressure inside the blanks is the same, and crystal growth rate and plastic deformation are consistent at each direction, therefore solidification tissue conformation of the cast during multi-directional squeeze casting liquid forging eliminates the defects of directional differenc

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Yao, X., K. Furuya, Y. Nakamura, et al. "NdBCO melting and solidification by a zone-melting method." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 12 (1995): 3003–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.3003.

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In the Nd-Ba-Cu-O system, a directional structure produced by a peritectic reaction has been observed. On heating, the sintered Nd1Ba2Cu3O6+δ (Ndl23) precursor formed a rod-like directional structure of Nd4Ba2Cu2O10 (Nd422) phase. These Nd422 rods became thicker from the melting interface to the solidified interface. The [100] direction of Nd422 crystal is parallel to the axis of Nd422 rod and the sample pulling direction. Moreover, Nd422 rod spacing was observed as a function of growth rate and decreased with an increase of growth rate. In addition, with an increase of growth rate, Ndl23 soli

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Jiang, Han, Ming-Wen Chen, Guo-Dong Shi, Tao Wang, and Zi-Dong Wang. "Effect of anisotropy on deep cellular crystal growth in directional solidification." Modern Physics Letters B 30, no. 17 (2016): 1650205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984916502055.

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The effect of anisotropic surface tension and anisotropic interface kinetics on deep cellular crystal growth is studied. An asymptotic solution of deep cellular crystal growth in directional solidification is obtained by using the matched asymptotic expansion method and the multiple variable expansion method. The results show that as the anisotropic parameters increase, the total length of deep cellular crystal increases and the root depth increases, whereas the curvature of the interface near the root increases or the curvature radius decreases.

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Cui, Hong Bao, Li Feng Zheng, and Jin Yong Wang. "Microstructure Evolution and Corrosion Behavior of Directionally Solidified FeCoNiCrCu High Entropy Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.146.

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The microstructures of FeCoNiCrCu high entropy alloy were investigated under directional solidification. The results showed that only diffraction peak corresponding to a FCC crystal structure was observed in the directionally solidified FeCoNiCrCu alloy. With increasing solidification rate, the interface morphology would grows in planar, cellular and dendrite. Comparing the potentiodynamic polarization of as-cast and directionally solidified FeCoNiCrCu high entropy alloy in a 3.5%NaCl solution, it is clearly reveals that the corrosion resistance of directionally solidified FeCoNiCrCu alloy is

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Zhu, Xintao, Qiang Yang, Fu Wang, and Dexin Ma. "Grain Orientation Optimization of Two-Dimensional Grain Selector during Directional Solidification of Ni-Based Superalloys." Materials 13, no. 5 (2020): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051121.

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The grain selection method is widely used in industry to produce Ni-based single crystal superalloys. A Z-form two-dimensional (2D) grain selector was designed to obtain high-quality single crystals. To control grain orientation deviation, one of the most important defects of the single crystal superalloys in casting, Z-form 2D grain selectors with different take-off angle were investigated in this study. The MM247LC superalloy single crystal samples were obtained by the Bridgman method modified by the Z-form grain selectors in this study. The Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) and the

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NECULAE, ADRIAN, and AGNETA M. BALINT. "AXIAL SEGREGATION IN UNSTEADY DIFFUSION-DOMINATED SOLIDIFICATION IN A FINITE AMPOULE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 18 (2006): 2551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920603487x.

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The paper deals with axial segregation in unsteady diffusion dominated directional solidification from melt of a binary alloy in a finite cylindrical ampoule. The study focuses on the influence of the finite length of the ampoule on the concentration profile in a crystal obtained in a microgravity environment. The results are compared to those reported by Kim et al. [J. Crystal Growth183, 490 (1998)] for an infinite crystal. Numerical simulations are performed for two different situations: the initial transient solidification when the melt is uniform in composition, and the multipass solidific

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YU, Honglei, Xin LIN, Junjie LI, Lilin WANG, and Weidong HUANG. "RESEARCH ON DIVERGED BI-CRYSTAL COMPETITIVE GROWTH IN DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION." Acta Metallurgica Sinica 49, no. 1 (2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1037.2012.00569.

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Bergman, Michael I., David M. Cole, and Jackson R. Jones. "Preferred crystal orientations due to melt convection during directional solidification." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107, B9 (2002): ECV 6–1—ECV 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000601.

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Zuo, H. J., R. D. Griffin, R. A. Andrews, and G. M. Janowski. "A TEM and EDS Study on the effect of back melting on directionally solidified HgZnTe." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 1194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100151805.

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Bulk growth of II-VI semiconductors such as HgZnTe (MZT) is difficult because of the gravity-induced convection that occurs during solidification. This convection can lead to crystal defects (primarily dislocations and subgrain boundaries) and composition inhomogeneities which may limit device performance. Crystals grown in the low-gravity environment of space should have fewer of these defects. However, the limited duration of space shuttle experiments and the need for uniform composition make it imperative that the initial composition transient that occurs in directionally solidified alloys

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Nakano, Satoshi, Xin Liu, Xue-Feng Han, and Koichi Kakimoto. "Numerical Analysis of Phosphorus Concentration Distribution in a Silicon Crystal during Directional Solidification Process." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010027.

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For bulk doping, boron and phosphorus are usually used as p-type and n-type dopants, respectively. The distribution of these dopant concentrations in a silicon crystal along the vertical direction is governed by the segregation phenomena. As the segregation coefficient of phosphorus is small, phosphorus concentration distribution in a silicon crystal becomes inhomogeneous; inhomogeneous phosphorus concentration distribution affects the distribution of resistivity in the crystal. Therefore, it is important to control the phosphorus concentration distribution in a silicon crystal and make it uni

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Liu, Lin, Jun Zhang, Taiwen Hang, and Heng Zhi Fu. "Interface Morphologies and Microstructure of a Single Crystal Superalloy under High Thermal Gradient Directional Solidification." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 665–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.665.

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The interface morphologies single crystal superalloys CMSX-2 has been studied over a range of cooling rate with large variations in withdrawal speed in directional solidification. The superfine cellular structure was obtained under both high thermal gradient up to 1000K/cm and fast withdrawal rate up to 1mm/sec. The high rate directional solidification results in reduction in primary and secondary dendrite arm spacing, refinement of λ’ phase, reduced microsegregation of alloying elements and smaller size of γ-γ’ eutectics.

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LIU, A. S., H. T. REN, and L. XIAO. "TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURE OF HIGH JcYBa2Cu3Ox SUPERCONDUCTOR." Modern Physics Letters B 05, no. 12 (1991): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984991001039.

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Melt-textured growth of polycrystalline YBa 2 Cu 3 O x superconductor using directional solidification created a compact texture consisting of large plate-shaped crystals aligned preferentially parallel to the a – b conduction plane and many ordered parallel growth steps perpendicular to the growth direction of the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x crystal. The new microstructure, which completely substitutes the previous granular and random structure in the sintered bulk materials, exhibits significantly enhanced transport J c values of 23800 A/cm 2 at 77 K and in a H = 2 Tesla field.

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Wittenzellner, Tobias, Shieren Sumarli, Helge Schaar, Fu Wang, Dexin Ma, and Andreas Bührig-Polaczek. "Microstructural Investigations of Ni-Based Superalloys by Directional Solidification Quenching Technique." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194265.

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The improvement of the mechanical properties of Ni-based superalloys is achieved in most cases by modifying the chemical composition. Besides that, the processing can be modified to optimize the as-cast microstructure with regard to the mechanical properties. In this context, the present study highlights the solidification mechanism of several Ni-based superalloys by conducting experiments using a modified, laboratory-scale Bridgman-Stockbarger furnace. In that context, the single-crystal rods are partially melted, directionally solidified and quenched sequentially. Several characterization me

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Таранюк, Владимир Иванович, Александр Вульфович Гектин, and Александр Владимирович Колесников. "The furnace for crystal growth by directional solidification in skull crucible." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 5(67) (2014): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2014.21059.

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Saito, Yukio. "Physics of the Crystal Growth V: Morphological Instability during Directional Solidification." Materia Japan 49, no. 11 (2010): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.49.528.

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Fu, Hengzhi, and Xingguo Geng. "High rate directional solidification and its application in single crystal superalloys." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 2, no. 1 (2001): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1468-6996(01)00049-3.

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Pan, D., Q. Y. Xu, J. Yu, et al. "Numerical simulation of directional solidification of single crystal turbine blade casting." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 21, no. 1-4 (2008): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136404608x362151.

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Orlov, M. R. "Pore formation in single-crystal turbine rotor blades during directional solidification." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2008, no. 1 (2008): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029508010114.

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Jin, Min, Jiayue Xu, Xinhua Li, Hui Shen, and Qingbo He. "Growth defects in a PZNT93/7 crystal prepared by directional solidification." Crystal Research and Technology 43, no. 10 (2008): 1074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.200811153.

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Chen, Ming, Xiao-Dong Hu, Dong-Ying Ju, and Hong-Yang Zhao. "The microstructure prediction of magnesium alloy crystal growth in directional solidification." Computational Materials Science 79 (November 2013): 684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.07.030.

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Wang, Qi, Yingming Wang, Yan Li, Shijie Zhang, and Ri Li. "Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Wall-Equiaxed Crystal Density on the Number of Columnar Crystals and the Thickness of an Equiaxed Crystal Layer for Al-4.7%Cu Alloy Ingot Based on 3D LBM-CA Method." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070815.

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In this paper, the lattice Boltzmann–cellular automata (LBM-CA) model with dynamic and static grids was used to study the growth of three-dimensional (3D) multidendrites under directional solidification with random preferred angles. In the static grid, the temperature field, flow field, and solute field during solidification were calculated by the LBM method, and in the dynamic grid, each dendrite evolution was calculated based on the CA method at its preferential crystallographic orientation. The coupling of LBM and CA was made by interpolation of the correlation quantities between the two se

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Wang, Qing Wu, Shi Hui Zhang, and Mao Pang. "TMF of Directionally Solidified and Single Crystal Superalloy." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 2227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.2227.

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Directional solidification and single crystal technology reduces material defects, improves material mechanical property and improves resistances to the high temperature fatigue, creep and corrosion. Accumulation of fatigue damage is a method of life prediction analysis and many fatigue damage models are proposed. Based on foregone research achievements, this paper presents a fatigue damage model, which could reflect material anisotropy and thermomechanical coupling effect. Based on equivalent strain, a fatigue damage evaluation method of directionally solidified and single crystal superalloy

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Jin, H. P., Jia Rong Li, and Shi Zhong Liu. "Simulation of the Solidification Parameters of Single Crystal Casting." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2251.

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The effects of thermal physical parameters and boundary conditions on investment solidification parameters were obtained using a computer simulation system. Directional solidification parameters of single crystal superalloy include the temperature distribution, the position and the shape of the solid/liquid interface in the mushy zone of the solidifying blade casting. Commercial finite-element analysis software, ProCAST, was used to simulate the solidification processes of the castings of single crystal DD6. The simulation results indicate that the predictions of the temperature show little se

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Xue, Y. P., Jia Rong Li, Jin Qian Zhao та J. C. Xiong. "The Precipitation Behavior of γ′ Phase in Single Crystal Ni-Based DD6 Superalloy for Turbine Blade". Materials Science Forum 898 (червень 2017): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.534.

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The precipitation behavior of γ′ precipitates in typical section dimensions of DD6 single crystal superalloy turbine blade was investigated experimentally during directional solidification process. The phase transformation temperatures in the single crystal Ni-based DD6 superalloy from DSC analysis and JmatPro simulation were basically in consistent with the isothermal solidification experiments. The solidification route of DD6 single crystal superalloy could be described as follows: L1 → γ + L2; L2 → (γ + γ′)eutectic + MC; γ → γ′/γ. With increasing continuous cooling rates, the primary γ′ pre

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