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1

Coote, Bill. "WMA rejects Dutch advance directive proposal." Lancet 346, no. 8977 (September 1995): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91517-6.

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Saxby, Stephen. "European commission publishes proposal for E-commerce directive." Computer Law & Security Review 15, no. 1 (January 1999): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0267-3649(99)80001-6.

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3

Farmer, Andrew. "Revising IPPC: Incremental Change Rather Than a Radical Overhaul of EU Industrial Emissions Policy." Environmental Law Review 10, no. 4 (December 2008): 258–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/enlr.2008.10.4.029.

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The European Commission has published a proposal to revise the IPPC Directive (1996/61, codified as 2008/1). The proposal also incorporates six ‘sectoral’ industrial emissions Directives as annexes: large combustion plants (2001/80); waste incineration (2000/76); solvent emissions (1999/13); and titanium dioxide (78/176, 82/883 and 92/112). The proposal would only extend the scope of the Directive in a limited way (for example, to combustion installations between 20 and 50 MW, the preservation of wood and wood products and the production of wood panels), but it introduces more formal requirements for permitting, reference to BREFs, operator monitoring and inspection. The provisions for the sectoral Directives are largely unchanged with the major exception of large combustion plants and titanium dioxide plants, for which stricter minimum emission limits are proposed. This paper examines the proposal and considers the changes made, commenting on the reasons for them.
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Venuti, Marco. "The proposal for updating the EU Accounting Directives: The adequacy of the proposal versus the legislative targets." FINANCIAL REPORTING, no. 4 (March 2013): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/fr2012-004005.

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The European Commission issued its proposal for a new accounting Directive at the end of 2010, aimed at substituting the Directives currently in force and applicable to limited companies - the 4th and 7th Directives for company regulation. This article is intended to present a critical examination of such a proposal. It presents an initial evaluation as to the overall adequacy of the proposal as issued, versus the legislative objectives set up as goals by the Commission. In particular, it takes into consideration the set of accounting rules proposed as to their capacity to satisfy the legislative objectives in a reasonably exhaustive manner. This involves an in-depth evaluation of the actual progress made by the Commission in the arena of the accounting Directives, as well as identifying the gaps still present and the further corrective actions that appear necessary to fully realize the objectives set forth.
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van den Hout, Dick, and Marco Gasparinetti. "Revising the EU Air Quality Legislation: Experiences and Proposed Improvements." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 3, no. 4 (2006): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601006x00533.

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AbstractThe Commission has issued in 2005 a proposal for replacing the current Framework Directive on air quality and its first three daughter directives by a single new directive on ambient air quality. The proposal responds to the high priority given by the Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution to regulating PM2.5 in order to reduce the severe health risks associated with this component of particulate matter. One of the proposed changes is the adoption of an exposure reduction target for PM2.5, a new type of standard which, combined with a binding concentration cap, aims at delivering more substantial benefits in terms of population exposure, compared to the traditional approach. The directive also addresses certain difficulties that Member States are experiencing in implementing the existing directives. This concerns in particular the questions of where limit values apply and how to deal with natural sources of particulate matter when establishing compliance with limit values and the introduction of the possibility for extending, under strict conditions, the time frame for meeting limit values. This paper summarises the main elements of the existing directives, experience of its implementation in Member States and proposed changes. At the time of writing the paper, the proposal was under negotiation in Council and Parliament.
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Gutowski, Richard. "EC proposal for in-vitro diagnostic medical devices Directive." Lancet 339, no. 8805 (May 1992): 1360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92008-4.

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7

Brinkmann, Gisbert. "Opinion of Germany on the Single Permit Proposal." European Journal of Migration and Law 14, no. 4 (2012): 351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342013.

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Abstract The development of EU measures regarding access to employment and Germany’s general attitude to these measures (reluctance) are described briefly. This article mainly concerns Germany’s objections (and the objections of other Member States) to the proposal by the Commission of the Single Permit Directive, which was changed several times during the negotiations. Germany (together with other Member States) managed to downgrade the Directive, in particular with regard to the equality rights of TCNs. The conclusion describes that there are only a few rules that are mandatory, much is left to national legislation. The conclusion mentions further that there is a gap between the rights of EU citizens and TCNs; it refers briefly to the future transposition of the Directive which will mean amending national law.
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8

Nemeth, Kristin, and Helmut Ortner. "The Proposal for a new Directive concerning Credit for Consumers." German Law Journal 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 801–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200016436.

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Since 1995 the Commission has repeatedly reviewed the operation of directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the member states concerning consumer credit. This was regarded to be necessary mainly for two reasons: firstly, even at the time of the enactment of the original directive its level of protection was lower than in most member states; secondly, the Commission repeatedly emphasised several changes, which had taken place in regard to the credit services sector in recent years. Whereas the previous directive was targeted at the two most common “products” at that time, namely hire purchase agreements and instalment credit and reflected the cash-based society of that time, the range of products presently offered is much more colourful.
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Maul, Silja, and Athanasios Kouloridas. "The Takeover bids Directive." German Law Journal 5, no. 4 (March 1, 2004): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200012517.

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On 27 November 2003 a political agreement has been reached in the Council on the compromise proposal for the Takeover bids Directive. On 16 December, the Parliament gave its approval and the proposal has still to receive the formal voting of the Council under the Irish Presidency in March 2004. Member States are required to transpose it into national law by 2006. The Directive regulates how a company or an investor that already has control in a listed company or seeks to obtain control can acquire securities in that company and applies to both voluntary and mandatory bids.
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10

Leistner, Matthias. "Unfair Competition or Consumer Protection? The Commission’s Unfair Commercial Practices Proposal 2003." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 6 (2004): 141–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802759494.

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On 18 June 2003 the Commission presented its Proposal for a Directive concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the Internal Market (the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive). The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive Proposal is based upon the Green Paper on European Union Consumer Protection of 2001 and the reactions to this document in the consultation process as laid down in the follow-up document of 2002. The Proposal tackles the field of unfair competition law insofar as the protection of consumers is concerned.
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Leistner, Matthias. "Unfair Competition or Consumer Protection? The Commission’s Unfair Commercial Practices Proposal 2003." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 6 (2004): 141–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s152888700000361x.

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On 18 June 2003 the Commission presented its Proposal for a Directive concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the Internal Market (the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive). The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive Proposal is based upon the Green Paper on European Union Consumer Protection of 2001 and the reactions to this document in the consultation process as laid down in the follow-up document of 2002. The Proposal tackles the field of unfair competition law insofar as the protection of consumers is concerned.
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Leistner, Matthias, and Ansgar Ohly. "Direct and indirect copyright infringement: proposal for an amendment of Directive 2001/29/EC (InfoSoc Directive)." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 3 (January 9, 2019): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy182.

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13

Vereecken, Marc. "Proposal for a Directive on systemic risk in payment systems." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 5, no. 1 (January 1997): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024902.

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14

Stankovics, Petra, Gergely Tóth, and Zoltán Tóth. "Identifying Gaps between the Legislative Tools of Soil Protection in the EU Member States for a Common European Soil Protection Legislation." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 2886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082886.

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To ensure an adequate level of protection in the European Union (EU), the European Commission (EC) adopted the Soil Thematic Strategy in 2006, including a proposal for a Soil Framework Directive (the Directive). However, a minority of Member States (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Austria, and The Netherlands) could not agree on the text of the proposed Directive. Consequently, the EC decided to withdraw the proposal in 2014. In the more than 10 years that have passed since the initial proposal, a great number of new evidences on soil degradation and its negative consequences, have proved the necessity of a common European soil protection Directive. This study is aimed at specifying the possible obstacles, differences, and gaps in legislature and administration in the countries that formed the blocking minority, which resulted in the refusal of the Directive. The individual legislations of the opposing countries on the matter, were summarized and compared with the goals set by the Directive, in three highlighted aspects: (1) soil-dependent threats, (2) contamination, and (3) sealing. We designed a simple schematic evaluation system to show the basic levels of differences and similarities. We found that the legislative regulations concerning soil-dependent degradation and contamination issues in the above countries were generally well defined, complementary, and thorough. A common European legislation can be based on harmonised approaches between them, focusing on technical implementations. In the aspect of sealing we found recommendations, principles, and good practices rather than binding regulations in the scrutinised countries. Soil sealing is an issue where the proposed Directive’s measures, could have exceeded those of the Member States.
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Majcher, Izabella, and Tineke Strik. "Legislating without Evidence: The Recast of the EU Return Directive." European Journal of Migration and Law 23, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340096.

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Abstract The article discusses the recast of the EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) from the perspective of effectiveness and fundamental rights protection, as two underlying objectives of the Directive. Relying on the implementation assessment of the Directive carried out by the European Parliamentary Research Service, the article analyses the way in which Member States have implemented the Directive and how this has impacted the effectiveness of the Directive. If adopted as proposed, will the recast strengthen or further undermine the effectiveness? The assessment focuses on return decision, voluntary departure, entry ban, and detention. It also looks at omissions in the recast proposal, namely a missed opportunity to remedy the current shortcomings as regards non-returnable people. As the article concludes, the recast proposal will hardly improve the effectiveness of return and may lead to violations of fundamental rights of people in an irregular situation.
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Ballesteros-Navarro, Bruno J., Elisabeth Díaz-Losada, José A. Domínguez-Sánchez, and Juan Grima-Olmedo. "Methodological proposal for conceptualization and classification of interactions between groundwater and surface water." Water Policy 21, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 623–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.091.

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Abstract Water management plans require comprehensive knowledge of physical processes and principles controlling water resources. These mechanisms, subject to limitations, can interact in complex ways, which makes it challenging to design guidelines to achieve optimum water resources use, taking into account economic, social and environmental factors. The relationship between rivers and aquifers defines different forms of interaction between superficial water and groundwater. These processes have great relevance in inland water management and protection against pollution, as well as dependent ecosystems. Under the current legislative framework in Europe, i.e., the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) and the Groundwater Directive 2006/118/EC, calculation of flow direction and exchange rates between groundwater bodies and associated surface systems are key aspects of river basin management plans. This paper examines conditioning factors of exchange processes, related basic physical principles, and criteria for establishing different conceptual models, providing a typology for systematic classification of groundwater–surface water interactions.
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Painter, R. W., and S. T. Hardy. "Acquiring ‘Revised’ Rights?: Council Proposal to Revise the Acquired Rights Directive." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 3, no. 1 (March 1996): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x9600300103.

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18

Bang, Ole. "EC proposal for directive can destroy the possibilities of cancer research." European Journal of Cancer 28, no. 6-7 (May 1992): 1012–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(92)90443-6.

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19

Garcimartín, Francisco, and Enrique Gandía. "Cross-Border Conversions in the EU: The EU Commission Proposal." European Company and Financial Law Review 16, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2019): 15–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecfr-2019-0003.

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In April 2018, the EU Commission presented a Proposal of Directive -amending Directive 2017/1132- on cross-border conversions, mergers and divisions (“The Proposal”). The Proposal lays down common rules and procedures at the EU level on how a company can move from a Member State to another Member State, merge or divide into two or more new companies across borders. This paper addresses this Proposal focusing mainly on the rules on cross-border conversions. After a brief introduction, Section 2 describes the background of the Proposal and analyses some general questions. Sections 3 through 6 examine the different phases in which a cross-border conversion is structured, with particular attention to the safeguards laid down by the Proposal aimed at the protection of minority shareholders, creditors and employees. Finally, Sections 7 and 8 provide a general assessment of the text and a series of conclusions.
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20

Mucha, Jagna. "Heading Towards an Effective Mechanism for the Protection of Collective Interests of Consumers – Some Comments on the Proposal for a Directive on Representative Actions." Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies 12, no. 19 (2019): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1689-9024.yars.2019.12.20.8.

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In April 2018, the European Commission introduced a long awaited Proposal for a Directive on represented actions, which aims to modernize the existing European collective redress system. The aim of this paper is to answer the question whether the solutions put forward in this Proposal will improve the landscape of collective redress in the EU. For this purpose, I analyse the existing model of collective consumer redress in the EU, as set forth by Directive 98/27/EC, Directive 2009/22/ EC and Recommendation 2013/396/EU; I also evaluate it from the perspective of its functionality with special consideration of key problematic issues. Against this background, I present the legal provisions put forward in the Proposal for a Directive on representative actions. The comparison of both legal structures makes it possible to give an answer to the question whether the proposed legislation can remedy the existing problems of the collective redress system and, thus, to answer the question whether it will contribute to strengthening the mechanism for the protection of collective consumer interests in the EU.
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Vicente, Fernando, and Gonzalo Méndez. "Strategic Environment Assessment of River Basin Management Plans: Proposal for an Integrated Assessment." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 17, no. 03 (September 2015): 1550029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333215500295.

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The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) adopted an integrated approach for the management and governance of European rivers, which led Spain and Portugal to carry out coordinated hydrological planning of the international basins, considering them as unique realities from ecological, hydrological and hydrogeological perspectives. In spite of this ecosystemic basis, the Directive allowed river basin management plans (RBMPs) to cover those parts of the international river basin districts located within the territory of each member state if joint planning was not possible. Moreover, under the requirements of the Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive (SEA Directive), both countries are obliged to submit the RBMPs for SEA and to consult the authorities and the public in other states if a plan could affect the environment in a neighbouring state. In the case of the hydrological planning of the Miño river basin and its coastal and estuarine waters, the SEA was conducted through a split SEA at the level of national sub-basins. The present study analyses the findings of the two SEA procedures on the Miño river during the recent hydrological cycle under the requirements of WFD and SEA Directive. Thus, from an integrated approach adopted by WFD that demands interdependence and interrelationship between both assessments, the reality of two separated assessments revealed disconnections concerning the methodologies used, asymmetries in the detection of cross-border effects and an uneven national and transboundary participation. Overcoming these deficiencies and improving efficiency is a challenge for the new hydrological cycle. An elaboration of joint SEA between co-riparian states that could help respond to the European Union (EU) expectations from an integrated approach is recommended.
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CIANI, DANIELE. "EUROPEAN INVESTMENT FUNDS: THE UCITS DIRECTIVE OF 1985 AND THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSAL FOR A UCITS II DIRECTIVE." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 4, no. 2 (February 1996): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024877.

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23

Dragos, D., and B. Neamtu. "Sustainable Public Procurement: Life-Cycle Costing in the New EU Directive Proposal." European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review 8, no. 1 (2013): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/epppl/2013/1/159.

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Duffus, Anna. "The Proposal for a Directive on the Patentability of Computer-implemented Inventions." International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 16, no. 3 (November 2002): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/136008602760586778.

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Pennings, Frans. "Proposal for a Directive on Improving the Portability of Supplementary Pension Rights." European Journal of Social Security 7, no. 3 (September 2005): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/138826270500700305.

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26

Felton, Anne-Marie. "Proposal for an EU directive on patients' rights in cross-border healthcare." European Diabetes Nursing 5, no. 3 (November 2008): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/edn.116.

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Klein, Daniel, Christopher Ludwig, and Christoph Spengel. "Besteuerung digitaler Unternehmen – die schwierige Suche nach einem europäischen Ansatz." integration 43, no. 3 (2020): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0720-5120-2020-3-169.

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In March 2018, the European Commission introduced two Directive proposals to target tax challenges in the era of digitalization. The first Directive proposal suggests to introduce a digital services tax of 3 percent on gross revenues from digital services as an interim measure. The second one proposes as a long-term solution to extend the permanent establishment concept to create a virtual permanent establishment if a corporation has a “significant digital presence” in a country. So far, a lack of consensus among the member states of the European Union has made successful legislation on the European level unlikely. Despite the absence of an intra-community agreement, several member states have implemented the Directive proposal of a digital services tax with various adaptions unilaterally. These actions contradict the efforts to develop agreeable tax reforms on a multilateral level. The article at hand critically evaluates the current European reform proposals.
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Heringa, Jilles, and Joseph Dute. "The Proposed EU-regulation on Clinical Trials on Medicinal Products: An Unethical Proposal?" European Journal of Health Law 20, no. 4 (2013): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341284.

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Abstract The Commission has proposed a regulation ‘on clinical trials on medicinal products for human use’ to introduce one regulatory framework for clinical trials in the European Union. This regulation should replace the current clinical trials directive (2001/20/EC). In this article we describe and critically review the main provisions of the proposed regulation. We assess the consequences for a sound authorisation procedure of clinical trials and the level of protection for human subjects. We note that the proposed regulation is inconsistent with applicable international legal documents, such as the Biomedicine Convention and the Declaration of Helsinki. We conclude that the proposed regulation does not ensure a “high level of human health protection” — required by its legal basis in the TFEU — because it may force Member States concerned to accept a reporting Member States’ approval of — in their estimation — an unethical clinical trial.
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Schmidt, Jessica. "Cross-border Mergers, Divisions and Conversions: Accomplishments and Deficits of the Company Law Package." European Company and Financial Law Review 16, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2019): 222–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecfr-2019-0005.

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On 25 April 2015, the European Commission, as a part of its Company Law Package, presented a proposal for amending the Company Law Directive (CLD) as regards cross-border conversions, mergers and divisions (Mobility Directive Draft – MobilD-D). This article critically analyses the accomplishments and deficits of this proposal.
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Bănăduc, Doru, and Angela Curtean-Bănăduc. "Barbus Meridionalis Risso 1827 (Syn. Barbus Balcanicus): Proposal for Monitoring Elements for Croatia, in the Context of Natura 2000." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2013-0014.

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ABSTRACT The action framework at the European Union level for the protection of biodiversity was established based on the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) and the Birds Directive (79/409/EEC). One main element of the future implementation of these Directives in Croatia is the establishment of a Natura 2000 network of special protection sites, a network which should rely on a specific monitoring plan at national level for each species of community interest. In this context, the present study proposes a set of monitoring elements for Barbus meridionalis for the Croatian Continental Biogeographical Region. The proposal is based on seven main criteria: proximity of national border, high quality populations, habitats which should be ecologically reconstructed, key habitats/sectors with high importance for connectivity, point sources of industrial pollution, areas/sectors influenced by diffuse sources of agricultural pollution, and areas/sectors influenced by habitat modifications.
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Kafteranis, Dimitrios. "Rethinking Financial Rewards for Whistle- Blowers Under the Proposal for a Directive on the Protection of Whistle-blowers Reporting Breaches of EU Law." Nordic Journal of European Law 2, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36969/njel.v2i1.19787.

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The European Commission recently published a proposal for a Directive on the protection of whistle-blowers reporting breaches of EU law. This proposal is welcomed not only by the legal community but also by many citizens who desire more transparency. The recent scandals revealed by whistle-blowers along with the active role of the European Parliament have led the European Commission to propose this important text of the proposed Directive. The whistle-blower is recognised as an enforcement tool for the EU and is a key component in helping to ensure the successful enforcement of EU law. There is one element, however, that is not discussed by the European Commission: financial rewards for the whistle-blowers.1 The United States, especially in the financial sector, has adopted a system of financial awards. Europe, on the other hand, is resistant to introducing such incentives. The aim of this paper is to introduce the proposal for a Directive and to highlight the problems that such a step may create at the EU level.
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Blume, Peter, and Christian Wiese Svanberg. "The Proposed Data Protection Regulation: The Illusion of Harmonisation, the Private/Public Sector Divide and the Bureaucratic Apparatus." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 15 (2013): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888713809813639.

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AbstractThe proposal for a new General Data Protection Regulation has been billed as a harbinger of increased harmonisation, better enforcement and modernised rules within the area of data protection law. Through an analysis of several central elements in the draft Regulation—and European data protection law in general—as well as an assessment of the practical implications the proposal is likely to have if adopted, this chapter challenges whether the proposal will be able to deliver the harmonised rules that have been promised. It focuses particularly on the proposed regulations scope of application, its legal architecture, the use of discretionary provisions and related issues.It is argued that the proposal not only fails to address the root causes of why the current data protection directive (Directive 95/46) failed to bring about harmonisation and effective rules, but also looks set to transplant them into the new regulation.
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Blume, Peter, and Christian Wiese Svanberg. "The Proposed Data Protection Regulation: The Illusion of Harmonisation, the Private/Public Sector Divide and the Bureaucratic Apparatus." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 15 (2013): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000002998.

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Abstract The proposal for a new General Data Protection Regulation has been billed as a harbinger of increased harmonisation, better enforcement and modernised rules within the area of data protection law. Through an analysis of several central elements in the draft Regulation—and European data protection law in general—as well as an assessment of the practical implications the proposal is likely to have if adopted, this chapter challenges whether the proposal will be able to deliver the harmonised rules that have been promised. It focuses particularly on the proposed regulations scope of application, its legal architecture, the use of discretionary provisions and related issues. It is argued that the proposal not only fails to address the root causes of why the current data protection directive (Directive 95/46) failed to bring about harmonisation and effective rules, but also looks set to transplant them into the new regulation.
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34

Flower, Joanna. "Negotiating European Legislation: The Services Directive." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 9 (2007): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802746830.

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The directive on Services in the Internal Market is one of the most controversial and disputed pieces of European legislation in recent years. Known in its infancy as the ‘Bolkestein’ Directive after Frits Bolkestein, the Internal Market Commissioner who first put forward the proposal on behalf of the Commission, and later in the run up to its adoption as the ‘Frankenstein’ Directive, it sparked mass protests across Europe and was even suggested by some as being the real reason why France voted against the draft Constitutional Treaty in 2005.
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Flower, Joanna. "Negotiating European Legislation: The Services Directive." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 9 (2007): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000002809.

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The directive on Services in the Internal Market is one of the most controversial and disputed pieces of European legislation in recent years. Known in its infancy as the ‘Bolkestein’ Directive after Frits Bolkestein, the Internal Market Commissioner who first put forward the proposal on behalf of the Commission, and later in the run up to its adoption as the ‘Frankenstein’ Directive, it sparked mass protests across Europe and was even suggested by some as being the real reason why France voted against the draft Constitutional Treaty in 2005.
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36

Rammeloo, Stephan. "The 2015 Proposal for an EU Directive on the Societas Unius Personae (SUP)." Dovenschmidt Quarterly 3, no. 2 (December 2015): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/doqu/221199812015003002003.

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37

Julià-Barceló, Rosa, and Thomas C. Vinje. "Another step towards a european framework for electronic signatures: The commission's directive proposal." Computer Law & Security Review 14, no. 5 (September 1998): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0267-3649(98)80013-7.

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38

Probst, Wolfgang Nikolaus, Andrea Rau, and Daniel Oesterwind. "A proposal for restructuring Descriptor 3 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD)." Marine Policy 74 (December 2016): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.09.026.

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39

Davies, Paul, Susan Emmenegger, Eilís Ferran, Guido Ferrarini, Klaus J. Hopt, Niamh Moloney, Adam Opalski, et al. "The Commission’s 2018 Proposal on Cross-Border Mobility – An Assessment." European Company and Financial Law Review 16, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2019): 196–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecfr-2019-0002.

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Currently, the Council of the European Union is negotiating the European Commission’s recent proposal on cross-border mobility. This paper provides an overall assessment based on the proposal’s central pillars: freedom of establishment and protection of the interests of creditors, shareholders, and employees. The proposed directive meets a real necessity for regulation on a European level and pursues an ambitious agenda. While the general approach is excellent, there is room for improvement on some issues of importance.
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Pasquariello, Federica. "Giving a second chance to honest en-trepreneurs by discharging debt: EU Commission Directive Proposal." REVISTA LEX MERCATORIA Doctrina, Praxis, Jurisprudencia y Legislación 4, no. 1 (October 26, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21134/lex.v4i1.1310.

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A proposal for a Directive on “preventing restructuring frameworks, second chance and measures to increase the efficiency of restruc-turing insolvency and discharge procedures” was presented on 22nd November 2016 by the European Commission and is now expected to be approved.
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41

Costeira, Maria José. "The transposition of the Private Enforcement Directive: a critical perspective." UNIO – EU Law Journal 3, no. 2 (March 12, 2019): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.3.2.12.

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This article analyses the proposal of transposition of the Private Enforcement Directive into the Portuguese legal system. It examines several aspects of the preliminary draft, which went through public discussion, but it highlights, specially, the articles about definitions, liability, means of proof and the potential impacts it could have on the organisation of the Portuguese judicial system. It criticises the incoherencies and points out some problematic aspects of the proposal and the necessary amendments that should be made to make the law stronger.
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42

Kowalsky, Wolfgang. "The Services Directive: the legislative process clears the first hurdle." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 12, no. 2 (May 2006): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200209.

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In January 2004 the European Commission put forward a proposal for a Directive on services in the internal market that triggered considerable controversy both within the European institutions and amongst the public at large. It was praised by its proponents as a breakthrough for the internal market and sharply criticised by opponents as being a neoliberal abandonment of the Community approach that would merely encourage social and ecological dumping. This paper looks beyond the polemics, myths and ideological battles associated with the issue and attempts to examine the core elements of the proposal in order to identify its objectives and the problems associated with it. It also traces the intensive work carried out by the European Parliament, which discussed the proposal over a period of two years before coming to a decision on it. The ETUC critically monitored the Parliament and the Council during this process, articulating its demands very clearly — and with a large degree of success — through a combination of intensive lobbying and demonstrations.
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43

Tridimas, Takis. "I. Company Law and Trade in Securities." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 46, no. 1 (January 1997): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300060188.

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In the last two years there has been significant legislative activity in the field of company law. The most important development in the field of securities law has been the adoption of a directive amending, inter alia, the Investment Services Directive1 and the directive on undertakings for collective investments in transferable securities2, with a view to reinforcing prudential supervision3. A number of initiatives have been taken with a view to preparing for economic and monetary union. In particular, the Commission has submitted a proposal for a directive on cross-border credit transfers within the European Union which, if adopted, will increase efficiency of cross-border payments4. The regulation of trade in financial services between the Community and third States is of increasing importance, following the conclusion of the General Agreement on Trade in Services5.
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Sobotková, Veronika. "CFC rules in the context of the proposed CCCTB directive." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 7 (2011): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159070363.

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In the proposal for a Council Directive on a Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) there have been introduced a specific anti-abuse provisions, CFC rules. These rules are aimed at tax evasions and tax avoidance. The basic principle is the protection of the tax base against erosion through practices of artificial income shifting. Generally, CFC rules prevent tax avoidance in a state of a shareholder by denying the deferred taxation of profits generated by its controlled company, which is a resident in a tax preference jurisdiction. Even thought the CCCTB directive would be aided easier and low-costs cross-border business as well as it would be restricted the harmful tax competition there are questions whether it is advisable to introduce these rules into such system of the CCCTB, whether these rules are compatible with the CCCTB and whether it is regulated properly. So, the focus of this paper rests on the interaction of the proposed CCCTB directive with existing CFC rules in the European Union. The paper deals with pros and cons, economic and legal perspectives these rules in the context of the proposed CCCTB directive.
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45

Bednarowicz, Bartłomiej. "Delivering on the European Pillar of Social Rights: The New Directive on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions in the European Union." Industrial Law Journal 48, no. 4 (November 20, 2019): 604–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwz021.

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Abstract Chapter II of the European Pillar of Social Rights envisages fair working conditions that are further spelled out in two principles on secure and adaptable employment (Principle 5) and information about employment conditions and protection in dismissals (Principle 7). In order to deliver on this framework, in December 2017 the European Commission presented an ambitious and far-reaching proposal for a Directive on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union that would repeal Directive 91/533/EC on an employer’s obligation to inform employees of the conditions applicable to the contract or employment relationship. The proposal, after a series of uneasy negotiations in the Parliament and the Council, and with substantial modifications, was subsequently adopted in June 2019. Against this background, the main aim of this note is to analyse the new Directive (EU) 2019/1152. This piece focuses firstly on the Directive’s nuanced hybrid personal ambit of application. Secondly, it examines its material scope of application and sheds some light on the new set of rights and entitlements available to workers, including novel enforcement mechanisms. Finally, the note provides a critical assessment of the Directive with the aim of unveiling its potential to boost workers’ rights in the European Union, in particular those engaged in non-standard forms of employment, who are especially prone to experiencing precarious working conditions, such as on-demand and platform workers.
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Dolgen, D. "Legal aspects of sea water quality: Turkish and EU directives." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 11 (June 1, 2005): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0389.

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This paper primarily addresses underlying laws and regulations related to protection of the coastal environment and examines their implementation. In this context, Directive 76/160/EEC which is the leading directive on the quality of bathing water and its revision, i.e. Commission Proposal COM (2000) 860 Final, is investigated particularly and criticized on technical and scientific manner; and similar and dissimilar issues between the Community Directives and Turkish Laws are evaluated. The conducted study reveals that although the Turkish legislation in the field of water quality is largely in line with the acquis, further efforts are also needed with respect to implementation in order to achieve full harmonization.
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Camino, David, and Clara Cardone. "The EU Proposal for a Council Directive on Export Credit Insurance: A Critical Evaluation." Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice 22, no. 3 (July 1997): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/gpp.1997.30.

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48

Greiner, Arne. "The legal status of data – Proposal for a Directive on Data Access (Part I)." Zeitschrift für Informationsrecht 8, no. 1 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33196/ziir202001001201.

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Greiner, Arne. "The legal status of data – Proposal for a Directive on Data Access (Part 2)." Zeitschrift für Informationsrecht 8, no. 2 (2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.33196/ziir202002012701.

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Rutherford, Françoise. "The Proposal for a European Directive on Parental Leave: some reasons why it failed." Policy & Politics 17, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557389782454730.

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