Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disadvantaged neighborhoods

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Academic literature on the topic 'Disadvantaged neighborhoods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Foster, Sarah, Paula Hooper, Nicola W. Burton, Wendy J. Brown, Billie Giles-Corti, Jerome N. Rachele, and Gavin Turrell. "Safe Habitats: Does the Association Between Neighborhood Crime and Walking Differ by Neighborhood Disadvantage?" Environment and Behavior 53, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916519853300.

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Interrelationships between neighborhood walkability, area disadvantage, and crime may contribute to the inconsistent associations between crime and walking. We examined associations between crime and walking, and tested for differences by neighborhood disadvantage while addressing these additional complexities. Participants ( n = 6,680) from 200 neighborhoods spanning the most and least disadvantaged in Brisbane, Australia, completed a questionnaire and objective measures were generated for the individual-level 1,000-m neighborhood. Multilevel models examined associations between crime (perceived and objective) and walking (recreational and transport), and interactions tested for differences by neighborhood disadvantage. High perceived crime was associated with reduced odds of transport walking, whereas high objective crime was associated with increased odds of transport walking. Patterns did not differ by neighborhood disadvantage. In disadvantaged neighborhoods, the “negative” criminogenic attributes were insufficient to outweigh the “positive” walkability attributes, producing similar walking patterns to advantaged neighborhoods where residents were dislocated from local destinations but buffered from crime.
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McCain, Dextiny, Adrienne Aiken Morgan, Karon Phillips, and Keith Whitfield. "Physical Activity and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage Among Low-Income African Americans." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1279.

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Abstract Research shows regular physical activity (PA) is associated with better health and longevity; however, few studies consider contextual factors related to PA among African American (AA) older adults living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. The Physical and Cognitive Health Pilot Study (n=50) was used to examine associations between PA and level of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage among sedentary, AA older adults from four public housing communities in Durham, NC and Annapolis, MD (mean age=64.5; SD=10.42; 72% women). Participants were administered the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), a self-report questionnaire measuring weekly frequency and duration of PAs. Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was defined by the Neighborhood Atlas Area Deprivation Index (ADI), which ranks neighborhoods according to Census block group/neighborhoods within each state and nationally. For the present sample, two of the Durham housing facilities were located in communities in the most disadvantaged block groups. Meanwhile, one Durham location and the Annapolis community were located in the least disadvantaged block groups. Bivariate correlations showed greater neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with less participation in various PAs (p<.05). Next, ANOVA revealed the Annapolis group participated in statistically significantly more PAs, including visiting the senior center, church attendance, and light gardening (p<.05) compared to the most disadvantaged groups. The present findings suggest there are benefits to living in advantaged contexts despite lower-income status. These findings also suggest barriers within disadvantaged neighborhoods that limit access to recreational activities favorable to health status. Future research should address ways to overcome such barriers.
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Friedson, Michael, and Patrick Sharkey. "Violence and Neighborhood Disadvantage after the Crime Decline." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 660, no. 1 (June 9, 2015): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215579825.

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Violent crime is known to be concentrated in the same urban neighborhoods as poverty and other forms of disadvantage. While U.S. violent crime has declined at an unprecedented rate over the past two decades, little is known about the spatial distribution of this decline within cities. Using longitudinal neighborhood crime data from six U.S. cities during the national crime decline, this article examines changes in (1) crime rates of neighborhoods grouped by their initial crime levels, poverty rates, and racial/ethnic makeups; (2) the neighborhood exposure to violence of urban residents classified by race/ethnicity and poverty status; and (3) the relative distribution of violent crime across urban neighborhoods. We find that crime levels declined the most in the initially most violent and disadvantaged neighborhoods and that exposure to violence fell the most among disadvantaged urban residents. Nonetheless, crime remained concentrated in cities’ initially most violent and disadvantaged locales.
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Lei, Man-Kit, Ronald L. Simons, Mary Bond Edmond, Leslie Gordon Simons, and Carolyn E. Cutrona. "The effect of neighborhood disadvantage, social ties, and genetic variation on the antisocial behavior of African American women: A multilevel analysis." Development and Psychopathology 26, no. 4pt1 (April 8, 2014): 1113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579414000200.

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AbstractSocial disorganization theory posits that individuals who live in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to engage in antisocial behavior than are those who live in advantaged neighborhoods and that neighborhood disadvantage asserts this effect through its disruptive impact on social ties. Past research on this framework has been limited in two respects. First, most studies have concentrated on adolescent males. In contrast, the present study focused on a sample of adult African American females. Second, past research has largely ignored individual-level factors that might explain why people who grow up in disadvantaged neighborhoods often do not engage in antisocial behavior. We investigated the extent to which genetic variation contributes to heterogeneity of response to neighborhood conditions. We found that the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on antisocial behavior was mediated by neighborhood social ties. Further, the analysis indicated that the effects of neighborhood disadvantage and social ties on antisocial behavior were moderated by genetic polymorphisms. Examination of these moderating effects provided support for the differential susceptibility model of Gene × Environment. The effect of Gene × Neighborhood Disadvantage on antisocial behavior was mediated by the effect of Gene × Neighborhood Social Ties, providing support for an expanded view of social disorganization theory.
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Scaria, Elizabeth, Ryan Powell, Jen Birstler, Oguzhan Alagoz, Daniel Shirley, and Nasia Safdar. "2377. Social Determinants Impact Readmission Following Clostridioides difficile-Related Index Hospital Stay in Medicare Patients." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2055.

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Abstract Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea and recurs in up to 30% of patients, often requiring readmission. Socioeconomic factors, such as living in a disadvantaged neighborhood may impact readmission but have not been studied. Methods We examined the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage, as measured by the Singh validated area deprivation index (ADI), and 30-day all-cause readmission risk in patients with an index hospital stay with CDI. We analyzed a random 20% sample of national Medicare claims for patients’ initial index hospitalization with a CDI diagnosis in 2014 (n = 19,528) that included each patient’s neighborhood ADI national percentile. The most disadvantaged neighborhoods were categorized as those in the upper 35 percentile, while the least disadvantaged was defined as those in the bottom 65% of national ADI rankings. We evaluated the relationship between ADI percentile and 30-day readmission risk using multivariate logistic regression, controlling for key patient demographics, comorbidities, and hospital/stay characteristics. Results A total of 19,528 patients had an index stay with CDI, 4,899 were readmitted within 30 days. Patients from the most disadvantaged neighborhoods had a higher average rate of readmission compared with those living in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods (28% vs. 24% rate; unadjusted risk ratio = 1.16 [1.10, 1.21]). This relationship held after controlling for confounders. After adjustment, being a resident in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with a 10% increased risk of readmission (adjusted risk ratio = 1.10 [1.05, 1.16]), which was similar to the effect sizes associated with dual Medicaid-Medicare enrollment status (adjusted risk ratio = 1.09 [1.03, 1.15]) and renal failure (adjusted risk ratio = 1.14 [1.08, 1.21]). Conclusion Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with an increased 30-day readmission risk similar in magnitude to Medicaid status and renal failure in patients with index hospitalizations of CDI. Future studies should examine whether interventions such as post discharge support and care coordination for patients in disadvantaged neighborhoods may reduce readmissions in this patient population. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Besbris, Max, Jacob William Faber, Peter Rich, and Patrick Sharkey. "Effect of neighborhood stigma on economic transactions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 16 (April 6, 2015): 4994–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414139112.

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The hypothesis of neighborhood stigma predicts that individuals who reside in areas known for high crime, poverty, disorder, and/or racial isolation embody the negative characteristics attributed to their communities and experience suspicion and mistrust in their interactions with strangers. This article provides an experimental test of whether neighborhood stigma affects individuals in one domain of social life: economic transactions. To evaluate the neighborhood stigma hypothesis, this study adopts an audit design in a locally organized, online classified market, using advertisements for used iPhones and randomly manipulating the neighborhood of the seller. The primary outcome under study is the number of responses generated by sellers from disadvantaged relative to advantaged neighborhoods. Advertisements from disadvantaged neighborhoods received significantly fewer responses than advertisements from advantaged neighborhoods. Results provide robust evidence that individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods bear a stigma that influences their prospects in economic exchanges. The stigma is greater for advertisements originating from disadvantaged neighborhoods where the majority of residents are black. This evidence reveals that residence in a disadvantaged neighborhood not only affects individuals through mechanisms involving economic resources, institutional quality, and social networks but also affects residents through the perceptions of others.
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Mericle, Amy A., Lee A. Kaskutas, Doug L. Polcin, and Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe. "Independent and Interactive Effects of Neighborhood Disadvantage and Social Network Characteristics on Problem Drinking After Treatment." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 37, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.1.1.

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Socioecological approaches to public health problems like addiction emphasize the importance of person-environment interactions. Neighborhood and social network characteristics may influence the likelihood of relapse among individuals in recovery, but these factors have been understudied, particularly with respect to conceptualizing social network characteristics as moderators of neighborhood disadvantage. Drawing from a larger prospective study of individuals recruited from outpatient treatment (N = 451) and interviewed 1, 3, 5, and 7 years later, the aim of this study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of neighborhood and social network characteristics on continued problem drinking after treatment. Models using generalized estimating equations controlling for demographic and other risk factors found the number of heavy drinkers in one's network increases risk of relapse, with the effects being significantly stronger among those living in disadvantaged neighborhoods than among those in non-disadvantaged neighborhoods. No independent effects were found for neighborhood disadvantage or for the number of network members supporting reduced drinking. Future research is needed to examine potential protective factors in neighborhoods which may offset socioeconomic disadvantage as well as to investigate the functions that network members serve in helping to improve long-term treatment outcomes.
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Lu, Yuqi. "Hurricane Flooding and Environmental Inequality: Do Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Have Lower Elevations?" Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 3 (January 1, 2017): 237802311774070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023117740700.

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Most research on environmental inequality studies whether poor and minority neighborhoods are more exposed to environmental hazards in the form of pollution and waste. However, natural disasters, such as hurricanes, and their aftermaths are also important forms of environmental hazards and may disproportionally affect disadvantaged neighborhoods. Using data from Google Maps API and the American Community Survey, this study shows that poor neighborhoods in the Houston area tend to have lower elevations and thus may be more vulnerable to flooding. Further analyses show that this association persists even after controlling for latitude, longitude, and population density. Additionally, other types of neighborhood disadvantage, such as poverty and high concentration of racial-ethnic minorities and noncitizens, are also associated with lower elevations. Moreover, these patterns are common among most of the 20 largest metropolitan areas in the United States. These findings reveal a new dimension of environmental inequality and the consequences of spatially concentrated disadvantages.
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Hunt, Jack F. V., Nicholas M. Vogt, Erin M. Jonaitis, William R. Buckingham, Rebecca L. Koscik, Megan Zuelsdorff, Lindsay R. Clark, et al. "Association of Neighborhood Context, Cognitive Decline, and Cortical Change in an Unimpaired Cohort." Neurology 96, no. 20 (April 14, 2021): e2500-e2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000011918.

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ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that neighborhood-level disadvantage is associated with longitudinal measures of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in an unimpaired cohort.MethodsLongitudinal MRI and cognitive testing data were collected from 601 cognitively unimpaired participants in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention Study and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center clinical cohort. Area Deprivation Index was geospatially determined based on participant residence geocode and ranked relative to state of residence. Linear regression models were fitted to test associations between neighborhood-level disadvantage and longitudinal change in cortical thickness and cognitive test performance. Mediation tests were used to assess whether neurodegeneration and cognitive decline were associated with neighborhood-level disadvantage along the same theoretical causal path.ResultsIn our middle- to older-aged study population (mean baseline age 59 years), living in the 20% most disadvantaged neighborhoods (n = 19) relative to state of residence was associated with cortical thinning in Alzheimer signature regions (p = 0.002) and decline in the Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Cognitive Composite (p = 0.04), particularly the Trail-Making Test, part B (p < 0.001), but not Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (p = 0.77) or Story Memory Delayed Recall (p = 0.49) subtests. Associations were attenuated but remained significant after controlling for racial and demographic differences between neighborhood-level disadvantage groups. Cortical thinning partially mediated the association between neighborhood-level disadvantage and cognitive decline.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal study of cognitively unimpaired adults, living in the most highly disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with accelerated degeneration in Alzheimer signature regions and cognitive decline. This study provides further evidence for neighborhood-level disadvantage as a risk factor for preclinical neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in certain populations. Limitations of the present study, including a small number of participants from highly disadvantaged neighborhoods and a circumscribed geographic setting, should be explored in larger and more diverse study cohorts.
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Ross, Catherine E., John Mirowsky, and Shana Pribesh. "Disadvantage, Disorder, and Urban Mistrust." City & Community 1, no. 1 (March 2002): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6040.00008.

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Does life in the city foster mistrust of others? This study tests four connected hypotheses about urban mistrust by comparing the City of Chicago to suburbs, small cities, towns, and rural areas. The Urban Mistrust Hypothesis is that urban residents are more mistrusting than residents of places outside the city. The Neighborhood Disadvantage Hypothesis is that mistrust increases with the prevalence of economic and social disadvantage in one's neighborhood, which accounts for some of the mistrust associated with urban residence. The Individual Disadvantage Hypothesis is that socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals are more mistrusting than others, which accounts for some of the mistrust associated with residence in Chicago and in disadvantaged neighborhoods. The Neighborhood Disorder Hypothesis is that mistrust correlates positively with observing signs of disorder in one's neighborhood such as graffiti, vandalism, run‐down or abandoned buildings, noise, crime, and people hanging out on the streets, drinking, or taking drugs; and disorder mediates some of the effects of residence in the city and in a disadvantaged neighborhood. Some, but not all, of the association between disorder and mistrust is mediated by criminal victimization. We examine these hypotheses using the Community, Crime and Health data, which is a 1995 survey of a representative sample of 2,482 Illinois residents linked to contextual data on their neighborhoods. We find results consistent with all four hypotheses. The mean level of mistrust reported by residents of Chicago is more than half a standard deviation above that of people living elsewhere. Most of the higher mistrust in Chicago can be attributed to three related things: neighborhood disadvantage, individual disadvantage, and neighborhood disorder; but even with adjustments for disadvantage and disorder, urban residents report more mistrust.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Burns, Padraic Joseph. "Disadvantaged Neighborhoods and Anger: Implications for Community-Level Theories of Crime and Delinquency." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03232009-174821/.

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This paper is a partial and exploratory test of Bernardâs (1990) theory of angry aggression within disadvantaged communities as well as Agnewâs (1999) community-level strain theory. These theories posit that disadvantage and other structural characteristics of neighborhoods lead to environmental stressors, which ultimately may increase anger among individuals who externalize attributions of blame. To date, no study has assessed whether structural characteristics of neighborhoods are related to increased individual anger. Using Ross and Brittâs (1995) survey of Community, Crime, and Health: Illinois Residents, I assess Bernardâs (1990) and Agnewâs (1999) theoretical arguments. The findings show that only one structural indicator measured at the census tract level, urban location, is related to the individual outcome of anger. However, the stressors assessed in this study are positively related to anger, particularly among individuals who externalize blame. There are two main implications of these findings. (1) Community crime models should include measures of emotions such as anger, as community processes have psychological impacts on individuals that may motivate them to commit criminal acts. (2) The structural indicators identified by Bernard (1990) and Agnew (1999) require reevaluation, as only urban location was shown to be related to anger.
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Burt, Michelle, and Michelle Burt. "A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationships among Disadvantaged Neighborhoods, Supervision, Peer Associations, and Patterns of Ethnic Minority Adolescent Substance Use." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12545.

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The primary purpose of this study was to utilize an ecological-transactional theoretical framework and an existing longitudinal data set to examine the relationships among neighborhood context, family supervision, association with deviant peers, and patterns of substance use during adolescence. Participants included 821 youth from the Longitudinal Cohort Study of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) data set. Data include primary caregiver and youth self-report measures of adult supervision, peer associations, and substance use. Data also include community survey and systematic social observation measures of neighborhood social processes such as collective efficacy, social disorder and social capital, neighborhood disadvantage, policing, and perceived danger collected from 1994-2001 in the city of Chicago. Latent growth curve modeling analyses were used to answer the research questions. Study results were significant associations between neighborhood social processes and substance use. Contrary to previous findings, more positive neighborhood social processes were related to higher levels of substance use for females. For both the African American/Black and Hispanic/Latino groups, deviant peer associations were related to higher levels of substance use at age 12. For the Hispanic/Latino group, higher neighborhood socioeconomic status was related to greater increases in substance use over time. Study results suggest the continued importance of research to discover sex and ethnic variation in associations among contextual influences and adolescent substance use. The current study makes a significant contribution to extant literature by examining the influence of neighborhood social processes, deviant peer associations, and supervision on substance use trajectories. Including peers, parental, and neighborhood factors&mdashin one model&mdashprovided a more comprehensive examination of how contextual influences impact the development of adolescent substance use. In addition, using a multilevel analysis with a diverse, longitudinal data set provided further insights into understanding ethnic and gender variation in the development of adolescents' substance use. Supplemental files include description of PHDCN scale items, HOME measure, Deviance of Peers measure, and items from the Substance Use Interview.
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Miller, Erin Elizabeth. "Race, neighborhood disadvantage, and retaliatory homicide." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2669.

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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Mamadu, Hadii M., Antwan Jones, Timir Paul, Pooja Subedi, Sreenivas P. Veeranki, Liang Wang, Hemang P. Panchal, Arsham Alamian, Matthew Budoff, and Ali Alamin. "Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Affect Subclinical Atherosclerosis?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1392.

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Background: Cardiovascular health disparities across subpopulations and geographies have been well-documented in urban areas. Evidence suggests that racial minorities and low-socioeconomic groups have high risks of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Residents of the Appalachia also exhibit high rates of CVD, but little is known about the relationships between cardiovascular risk factors, spatial disadvantage, and cardiovascular health outcomes in this region. Thus, this study aimed to examine the independent association between neighborhood factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in an asymptomatic population from central Appalachia. Methods: Community-dwelling asymptomatic individuals (n=210) were screened for Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC), a subclinical marker for coronary atherosclerosis, from January 2010 to January 2014. Based on the standard Agatston Scale, participants were grouped into 4 CAC scores: zero (CAC = 0), mild (CAC = 1-99), moderate (CAC = 100-399) and severe (CAC ≥ 400) to determine the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Demographic information (e.g., age, gender, race, and marital status), cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, smoking, and family history of CAD), and neighborhood level characteristics (racial and socioeconomic characteristics of the population) were used in ordinal logistic regression analyses performed in Stata 14.1. Results: Of the 210 participants, over three-fourths (79%) had a CAC score greater than 1. While 67% of the participants were hypertensive, 80% had hypercholesterolemia, 75% were overweight or obese, 52% had a history of smoking, and 55% had a family history of CAD. There were significant differences in the socioeconomic environment of these residents. Specifically, zip-code median household income was higher for individuals with zero CAC score. Additionally, the zip-code household poverty percentage was higher for those with CAC scores ≥ 1. Although all the neighborhood factors increased the odds of having higher CAC score, none of them were statistically significant. Conclusion: The positive, albeit statistically non-significant, association of adverse neighborhood factors with higher CAC scores suggests the need for larger studies for further understanding of this association. Finally, achieving the Healthy People 2020 goal of reducing or eliminating disparities requires risk factor screening and control in high prevalent areas such as central Appalachia, and understanding the neighborhood level dynamics for CVD.
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Colburn, Sindhia. "Social support and youths' resilience in disadvantaged neighborhood contexts." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1589720131801544.

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Graham, Carlyn E. "Does Neighborhood Context Matter? A Multilevel Analysis of Neighborhood Disadvantage and Sleep Health." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7003.

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Childhood is one of the most important stages for physical and cognitive growth during the life course. For young children, sleep is one of the major contributors to healthy development; poor sleep quality and short sleep duration can detrimentally affect developmental progress. In addition to physiological contributors to poor sleep, social factors may affect young children’s sleep. Prior findings suggest that demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, such as race and parent’s educational attainment, may contribute to sleep health for children. Furthermore, limited prior research suggests that neighborhood attributes may affect sleep for both children and adults alike. To my knowledge, no study exists that examines neighborhood effects and sleep for children under the age of six. Therefore, my investigation examines the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on the bedtimes of kindergarten-aged children, a proxy for sleep health. In order to examine the effects of neighborhood disadvantage on sleep, this study utilizes multilevel statistical methods to determine the influence of both individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics. The results from these analyses indicate that while individual-level demographic and socioeconomic characteristics contribute explain more variance in bedtimes than neighborhood-level attributes, neighborhoods significantly affect bedtimes—especially racial composition and overall levels of educational attainment. These findings suggest the need for further research on the effects of neighborhoods on sleep and ultimately health outcomes.
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Dooley, Pamela A. "Examining Individual and Neighborhood-Level Risk Factors for Delivering Preterm." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1242748346.

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Pell, Christopher W. "Neighborhood Social Interaction in Public Housing Relocation." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/67.

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Nationwide, housing authorities demolish public housing communities and relocate the existing residents in an attempt to create more favorable neighborhood environments and to promote safer and more efficacious social interactions for public housing residents. Yet, studies of public housing relocation do not find strong evidence of beneficial social interaction occurring between relocated residents and new neighbors. Despite increased safety and relative increase in neighborhood economic standing, studies find relocated residents socialize outside of their new neighborhoods or else limit existing neighborhood interactions as compared to living in public housing communities. This raises the question of why relocated residents either do or do not choose to interact with their new neighbors within their new residential settings. In an effort to answer this question, I have conducted a study focused on neighborhood social interactions using public housing residents relocated from six of Atlanta, Georgia’s public housing communities. As a backdrop to the study, I present relevant literature concerning both the study of neighborhoods and the study of prior relocation endeavors. I argue that neighborhoods do provide important social landscapes for attempting to benefit public housing residents, though more research and a different framework of analysis are needed in order to manifest theorized outcomes of relocation for all residents involved. I then employ the use of both quantitative survey data from 248 relocated residents and qualitative in-depth interview data from 40 relocated residents to provide further insight into social interaction patterns after relocation from Atlanta’s public housing. This research finds that prior to relocation residents in public housing communities differed in terms of their ideal zones of action and preferred levels of inclusion and engagement in the neighborhood setting and in terms of their surrounding community scene. By examining these different ideal-types of residents in detail, I argue that prior to moving the residents, a better fit between resident and neighborhood can be constructed by housing authorities such that more beneficial social interaction outcomes can be achieved overall in the relocation process.
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Ulriksen, Moretti Constanza. "L’action publique en faveur des quartiers défavorisés au Chili (2006-2010) : généalogie et développement des nouvelles approches territoriale et participative." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20123/document.

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Une des priorités des gouvernements chiliens entre 1990 et 2005 était la réduction du déficit de logements. Les progrès ont été significatifs sur le plan quantitatif mais pas sur le qualitatif. Dans ce contexte, la première administration Bachelet a mis en place la Nouvelle politique du logement et d’amélioration de la qualité et l'intégration sociale, qui comprend le premier programme de réhabilitation des quartiers vulnérables, Quiero mi Barrio (PQMB). Une première étape d’étude reconstruit la généalogie et formulation du PQMB et une deuxième examine le développement, notamment à partir d’une étude de cas de deux quartiers. Les résultats indiquent qu’une intégration sociale à l’intérieur des territoires a primé sur une intégration sociale urbaine des quartiers par rapport au reste de la ville. PQMB apparaît comme un programme participatif d’amélioration d’espaces publiques, résultat qui renferme un processus dialectique provenant des décisions et des pratiques de tous les acteurs impliqués. PQMB a toutefois réussi à changer le référentiel des politiques de logement, de la satisfaction de la quantité à la considération de standards de qualité, ainsi qu’à introduire la participation comme un processus indispensable. Plutôt qu’une approche territoriale globale on observe une territorialisation des dépenses publiques, n’étant jamais suffisante pour répondre à la complexité du problème. Nous identifions ainsi trois impératifs pour la réhabilitation chilienne des quartiers défavorisés : le développement d’un système d’appui institutionnel collaboratif, riche et varié, un véritable travail interdisciplinaire, et une pratique d’échanges permanents entre chercheurs et praticiens
One of the Chilean governments priorities between 1990 and 2005 was the reduction of the housing deficit. Progress has been significant quantitatively, but not qualitatively. In this context, the first Bachelet administration has implemented New housing policy of quality improvement and social integration, which includes the first rehabilitation program for distressed neighborhoods, Quiero mi Barrio (PQMB). A first research stage reconstructs the genealogy and formulation of the PQMB, and a second examines its development, in particular through a case study of two neighborhoods. The results show that a social integration within the territories took precedence over an urban social integration of the neighborhoods in relation to the rest of the city. PQMB appears as a participatory program to improve public spaces, which contains a dialectical process coming from the decisions and practices of all actors involved. However, PQMB has achieved a paradigm shift from quantity to quality in terms of Chilean housing policies, as well as the introduction of citizen participation as an indispensable process. Rather than a comprehensive territorial approach, a territorialization of public spending is observed, which is nonetheless never sufficient to tackle the complexity of the problem. We thus identify three imperatives for the Chilean rehabilitation of disadvantaged neighborhoods: the development of a collaborative institutional support system, rich and varied; a real interdisciplinary work; and a permanent exchange between researchers and practitioners
Una de las prioridades de los gobiernos chilenos entre 1990 y 2005 fue la reducción del déficit habitacional. Los progresos han sido significativos en el plano cuantitativo, pero no así en el cualitativo. En este contexto, la primera administración de Bachelet implementó la Nueva Política Habitacional de Mejoramiento de la Calidad y la Integración Social, que incluye el primer programa de recuperación de barrios vulnerables, Quiero mi Barrio (PQMB). Una primera etapa de investigación reconstruye la genealogía y formulación del PQMB, y una segunda examina su desarrollo, particularmente a partir de un estudio de caso de dos barrios. Los resultados indican que una integración social al interior de los territorios primó por sobre una integración social urbana de los barrios respecto al resto de la ciudad. El PQMB aparece como un programa participativo de mejoramiento de espacios públicos, resultado que encierra un proceso dialéctico derivado de las decisiones y prácticas de todos los actores implicados. No obstante, el PQMB logró cambiar el referencial de las políticas habitacionales, de la satisfacción de la cantidad a la consideración de estándares de calidad, así como también introducir la participación como un proceso indispensable. En lugar de un enfoque territorial integral, se observa una territorialización del gasto público que nunca es suficiente para satisfacer la complejidad del problema. La tesis identifica tres imperativos para la recuperación de barrios vulnerables en Chile: el desarrollo de un sistema de apoyo institucional y de colaboración, rico y variado, un auténtico trabajo interdisciplinario, y una práctica de intercambio permanente entre investigadores y profesionales ejecutores
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Laske, Mary Therese. "How Structural Disadvantage Affects the Relationship Between Race and Gang Membership." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1195233186.

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Books on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Chanan, Gabriel. Social change and local action: Coping with disadvantage in urban areas. Shankill, Co. Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1990.

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Chanan, Gabriel. Social change and local action: Coping with disadvantage in urban areas. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1989.

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Trevizo, Dolores, and Mary Lopez. Neighborhood Poverty and Segregation in the (Re-)Production of Disadvantage. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73715-7.

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Anne, Case. The company you keep: The effects of family and neighborhood on disadvantaged youths. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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Keene, Danya E., and Mark B. Padilla. Neighborhoods, Spatial Stigma, and Health. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843496.003.0010.

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An emerging literature on spatial stigma suggests that negative representations of place may adversely affect the health of individuals who reside in disadvantaged neighborhoods. This chapter reviews the literature on spatial stigma as it relates to neighborhood health inequality. The chapter draws on existing neighborhood research to describe the processes that may connect spatial stigma to health and the ways that spatial stigma is experienced and managed within neighborhoods. It also reviews existing empirical literature that connects measures of spatial stigma to health outcomes, including hypertension. Although the growing literature on spatial stigma represents a new concept for the study of neighborhood effects, it also represents a fundamental departure from this literature.
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Clear, Todd R. Imprisoning Communities: How mass incarceration makes disadvantaged neighborhoods worse. 2009.

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(Editor), Ian Smith, Eileen Lepine (Editor), and Marilyn Taylor (Editor), eds. Disadvantaged by Where You Live?: Neighbourhood governance in contemporary urban policy. Policy Pr, 2007.

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Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Worse (Studies in Crime and Public Policy). Oxford University Press, USA, 2007.

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Rodriguez, Nancy, and Jillian J. Turanovic. Impact of Incarceration on Families and Communities. Edited by John Wooldredge and Paula Smith. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948154.013.10.

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This essay describes the implications of confinement for offenders’ families (both children and spouses) and for their communities, including coercive mobility, weakened social controls, family disruption, and stigmatization. The pros and cons of removing criminal fathers are discussed, focusing on possible differences in the implications of removing criminal fathers versus criminal mothers. The dramatically higher incarceration rates of black men from the most disadvantaged urban neighborhoods relative to any other demographic subgroup is discussed in the context of possible implications for the social and economic environments of poor neighborhoods. An overview of the debate on whether these higher incarceration rates actually reduce crime is also offered, including possible implications for a deterrent effect on crime (or a lack thereof). The need for research on the collateral consequences of incarceration for Latino families and communities is highlighted, given that Latinos represent the fastest growing segment of the US correctional population.
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Neighborhood Poverty and Segregation in the Production of Disadvantage: Mexican Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Los Angeles. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Korostelina, Karina V. "Structure of conflict in disadvantaged neighborhoods." In Neighborhood Resilience and Urban Conflict, 47–63. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003200642-3.

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Chouhan, Shahied F., and Chinmayi Sarma. "Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: Causes, Dimensions, and Impacts." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69626-3_99-1.

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Chouhan, Shahied F., and Chinmayi Sarma. "Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: Causes, Dimensions, and Impacts." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 211–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95675-6_99.

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Payet, Jean-Paul. "3.7 Observing Schools in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods in France." In International Handbook of Interpretation in Educational Research, 635–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9282-0_30.

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Hurst, Jan. "Job Supplies in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: Role of Universal Work." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71058-7_65-1.

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Hurst, Jan. "Job Supplies in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: Role of Universal Work." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 639–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95867-5_65.

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Mitra, Swati, and Gyanendra N. Mitra. "Disadvantaged Neighborhood and Poverty." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69625-6_14-1.

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Mitra, Swati, and Gyanendra N. Mitra. "Disadvantaged Neighborhood and Poverty." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 194–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95714-2_14.

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Schäfer, Ina. "Growing up in a disadvantaged neighborhood." In The New Diversity of Family Life in Europe, 211–32. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17857-4_14.

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Trevizo, Dolores, and Mary Lopez. "Introduction: The Social Ecology of Disadvantage for Mexican Immigrant Entrepreneurs." In Neighborhood Poverty and Segregation in the (Re-)Production of Disadvantage, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73715-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Reinecke, Katharina. "Session details: Neighborhoods & Disadvantaged Communities." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3251733.

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Chemaitelly, Hiam. "Self-Rated Health Disparities Among Disadvantaged Older Adults in Ethnically-Diverse Urban Neighborhoods in a Middle Eastern Country." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.hbpp1250.

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Palleroni, Sergio. "Public Transportation Design as Grassroots Pedagogy." In AIA/ACSA Intersections Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.inter.19.2.

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"In the spring of 2014, the Center for Public Interest Design (CPID) was approached by the Sacramento Area Council of Governments to begin the process of exploring how public interest design could be used to address the needs of some of Sacramento’s most disinvested and environmentally impacted neighborhoods. This collaboration began at a crucial time for California as the State was in the process of implementing the first cap and trade legislation in the US. A significant percentage of funds collected through the sale of carbon tax credits associated with this legislation are required to be invested in disadvantaged communities. This paper proposal examines the potential for design to play a role in identifying social investment opportunities to create healthier communities through the CPID’s work with students in Central California."
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Lowe, A. A., J. K. Gerald, C. Clemens, and L. B. Gerald. "Neighborhood Disadvantage and Respiratory Emergencies at School." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1032.

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Keen, R. J., S. P. Kantrow, S. Rahman, E. Price-Hayood, and D. Danos. "Neighborhood Concentrated Disadvantage and Smoking in Young Adults." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a1897.

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Hood, Robert B., and Ashley Felix. "Abstract C057: Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with liver cancer treatment and survival." In Abstracts: Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 20-23, 2019; San Francisco, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp19-c057.

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Adie, Y., A. Tlimat, D. Kats, A. Perzynski, and Y. Tarabichi. "Neighborhood Disadvantage and Lung Cancer Incidence in an Electronic Health Record Cohort." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a7287.

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Galiatsatos, P., A. Follin, N. Uradu, F. Alghanim, Y. Daniel, S. Saria, J. Townsend, C. Sylvester, A. Chanmugam, and E. S. Chen. "The Association Between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Readmissions for Patients Hospitalized with Sepsis." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a5569.

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Goobie, G. C., D. Kass, Y. Zhang, K. F. Gibson, R. H. Zou, S. M. Nouraie, and K. O. Lindell. "Neighborhood-Level Disadvantage Impacts Mortality and Lung Transplantation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1033.

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Galiatsatos, P., H. Woo, L. M. Paulin, A. Kind, J. D. Kaufman, N. Putcha, A. J. Gassett, et al. "The Association Between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Spiromics." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a1178.

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Reports on the topic "Disadvantaged neighborhoods"

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Neumark, David, Brian Asquith, and Brittany Bass. Longer-Run Effects of Antipoverty Policies on Disadvantaged Neighborhoods. W.E. Upjohn Institute, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp19-302.

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Neumark, David, Brian Asquith, and Brittany Bass. Longer-Run Effects of Anti-Poverty Policies on Disadvantaged Neighborhoods. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25231.

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Case, Anne, and Lawrence Katz. The Company You Keep: The Effects of Family and Neighborhood on Disadvantaged Youths. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3705.

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