Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disadvantages of cooperation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Disadvantages of cooperation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Disadvantages of cooperation"

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Ben, Yana. "Organizational And Legal Mechanism Ukraine's Cooperation With NATO: Developments And Disadvantages." Science and Education a New Dimension IX(254), no. 46 (June 30, 2021): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31174/send-hs2021-254ix46-11.

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The study was conducted on the basis of the contradictory nature of Ukraine's cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, established in 1992. On the onehand, Ukraine has consistently stated its intention to integrate into NATO as a full member. The country has formed an organizational and legal mechanism for cooperation with NATO. The reis an indefinite Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between Ukraine and NATO. Intentions for full membership in the Alliance are included in the Constitution of Ukraine and national security legislation. The norm of cooperation between the parties is the development and signing of various programs for cooperation in security, defense, education and other areas. The majority of Ukrainian society supports the state's intention to join NATO. On the other hand, despite long-term cooperation with the Alliance, Ukraine has not receivedan Action Plan for NATO membership, which makes the ultimate goal of integration unattainable. The main obstacle to Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic integration has been and remains the insufficient pace of reforming the country's political, economic, judicial and other basic systems, as well as the security and defense sector. The over all result of the study is to emphasize the attention of the Ukrainian side to the need to accelerateur gent state reforms, update the existing organizational and legal mechanism of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO, bringing all components of the security and defense sector to Western standards. The conclusions point to the main contradiction in the practical support of Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic movement: the national state-building elite did not ensure the continuity of the political course on Euro-Atlantic integration and the accumulation of constructivism along the way. The hypothesis of the study was to prove the existence of a "medium" level of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO on the basis of the existing organizational and legal mechanism, which does not yetallow to raise the issue of Ukrainian integration into the Allianceon a full basis.The hypothesis is generally proven. It is considered appropriate to further monitor the state, problems of functioning, prospects for the development of the organizational and legal mechanism of Ukraine's cooperation with NATO with the formulation of appropriate recommendations to improveits effectiveness.
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Ryu, Sungmin, and Chul Woo Moon. "The Effect Of Group-Orientation Culture On Inter-Organizational Cooperation Mechanisms." International Journal of Management & Information Systems (IJMIS) 15, no. 4 (October 7, 2011): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ijmis.v15i4.6154.

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Cooperation between exchange parties becomes a center for inter-organizational relationship. Cooperation reduces the attractiveness of opportunistic behavior that seeks short-term benefits, so it has been identified as a key factor for inter-organizational cooperation. Although several factors affecting cooperative relationship have been studied, the majority of inter-organizational studies are conducted on the basis of an individualistic perspective view of Western culture. This study introduces group-orientation culture and tries to enhance the understanding the effect of group-orientation culture on inter-organizational cooperation in the relationship between exchange parties. This study suggests that group-orientation culture influences the generation of informal cooperation between exchange parties. When a party expects harmonious relationship with its partner, the party develops the relational norm through accepting short-term disadvantages that are expected to be balanced out by longer-term advantages. However, exchange parties with a low group-orientation culture do not rely on formal cooperation mechanisms.
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Polak, Adam. "Experimental Studies of Direct Cooperation of PEM Fuel Cells and Secondary Batteries." Solid State Phenomena 210 (October 2013): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.210.87.

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Fuel cells and secondary batteries have both some disadvantages and advantages. However, looking closer at their characteristics, it can be concluded that in various aspects fuel cells and secondary batteries complement each other. Thus, combining these different electric energy sources to make one hybrid electricity source would allow using advantages of both sources and eliminating their disadvantages. In this article there are presented a comparative characteristic of PEM fuel cells and secondary batteries, their configuration of cooperation, and experimental results of their direct cooperation.
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Yang, Chun-Lei, Boyu Zhang, Gary Charness, Cong Li, and Jaimie W. Lien. "Endogenous rewards promote cooperation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 40 (September 17, 2018): 9968–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808241115.

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Sustaining cooperation in social dilemmas is a fundamental objective in the social and biological sciences. Although providing a punishment option to community members in the public goods game (PGG) has been shown to effectively promote cooperation, this has some serious disadvantages; these include destruction of a society’s physical resources as well as its overall social capital. A more efficient approach may be to instead employ a reward mechanism. We propose an endogenous reward mechanism that taxes the gross income of each round’s PGG play and assigns the amount to a fund; each player then decides how to distribute his or her share of the fund as rewards to other members of the community. Our mechanism successfully reverses the decay trend and achieves a high level of contribution with budget-balanced rewards that require no external funding, an important condition for practical implementation. Simulations based on type-specific estimations indicate that the payoff-based conditional cooperation model explains the observed treatment effects well.
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Wentao, Chen, Zhang Jinyu, and Yu Zhonggen. "Advantages and Disadvantages of Clicker Use in Education." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 13, no. 1 (January 2017): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2017010106.

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Since the birth of clickers at Pennsylvania State University, there have been numerous arguments on its effectiveness. This study, aiming to review use of clickers in education, examined literature over around a decade on use of clickers, involving benefits and defects of use of clickers, peer discussion, use of clickers in learning, teaching and problem solving, the effectiveness of use of clickers among non-students. Besides, relationships between lecturing and learning aided with clickers, and current developments in use of clickers were also reviewed and discussed. It was concluded that clickers, as one form of modern technology, had gained growing popularity due to their advantages, such as peer discussion, anonymity and instant feedback although disputes still remained. More studies on clickers and other new technologies were still needed to further push forward levels of education. Cross-disciplinary cooperation between computers, education and psychology may be needed to design more advanced educational technologies.
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Chulanova, O. L. "Coaching and Facilitation as Tools to Increase Group Effectiveness in Managing Project Teams." Vestnik NSUEM, no. 4 (December 29, 2019): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2019-4-184-196.

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The article considers coaching and facilitation as tools for improvement of the group effectiveness in project team management. Content analysis of the «coaching» and «facilitation» definitions was presented. The aim of the study is revelation of the effectiveness of coaching in cooperation coordination and project team management. For that reason the author considers coaching as an effective tool for organization of team cooperation, making it possible to reveal and implement the potential of each member of the project and achieve synergetic effect for attaining objectives of the project. The article presents types of coaching, as well as advantages and disadvantages of coaching. Agile coaching was considered as the most effective tool for organization of team cooperation and project team management in implementing project activities on the basis of the flexible project management methodology. The article considers facilitation as the technology which improves team effectiveness, involvement and interest of the participants, as well as it unlocks their potential. Stages and methods of facilitation were presented. Advantages and disadvantages of facilitation were considered.
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Blain, Bob. "Capitalism Receives a Failing Grade." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no. 1-3 (April 7, 2017): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341438.

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Cooperation®: The Wealth of Nations Game®is a simulation, a way to highlight advantages and disadvantages of economic systems, and suggest where changes might improve performance. This simulation enabled its inventors, Bob Blain and Bob Gill, to identify a set of rules that would work better than barter, socialism, and capitalism. University students graded these, along with autonomous cooperation. Barter received a C, socialism a B, capitalism an F, and autonomous cooperation an A. The latter is the result of adjusting game rules to incorporate the strengths of the other three methods of exchange while avoiding their weaknesses. How the rules of autonomous cooperation can be applied to economic policies is explained in the final section.
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Astarita, Vittorio, Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè, Giuseppe Guido, and Alessandro Vitale. "The convergence of Internet of Things, Blockchain and Connected Vehicles: Conceptual Advantages and Disadvantages of a new Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System." International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Management 03, no. 01 (March 1, 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/jttm.03.01.005.

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This paper intends to explore the convergence of some technological innovations that could lead to new cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The technologies that might soon converge and lead to some new developments are: the Blockchain Technology (BT) concept, Internet of Things (IoT) and Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). Advantages and disadvantages of the new concepts founding a new ITS system are discussed in this conceptual paper. Blockchain technology has been recently introduced and many research ideas have been presented for application in the transportation sector. In this paper, we discuss a system that is based on a dedicated blockchain, able to involve both drivers and city administrations in the adoption of promising and innovative technologies that will create cooperation among connected vehicles. The proposed blockchain-based system can allow city administrators to reward drivers when they are willing to share travel data. The system manages in a special way the creation of rewards which are assigned to drivers and institutions participating actively in the system. Moreover, the system allows keeping a complete track of all transactions and interactions between drivers and city management on a completely open and shared platform. The main idea is to combine connected vehicles with BT to promote Cooperative ITS use, a better use of infrastructures and a more sustainable eco-system of cryptocurrencies. A short description of BT is introduced to evidence energy problems of sustainability in the implementation of Proof of Work (PoW) that is adopted by many blockchains.
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Liu, Rui, and Xiaoli Zhang. "A review of methodologies for natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 172988141985140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419851402.

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Natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation refers to using natural language to facilitate interactive information sharing and task executions with a common goal constraint between robots and humans. Recently, natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation research has received increasing attention. Typical natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation scenarios include robotic daily assistance, robotic health caregiving, intelligent manufacturing, autonomous navigation, and robot social accompany. However, a thorough review, which can reveal latest methodologies of using natural language to facilitate human–robot cooperation, is missing. In this review, we comprehensively investigated natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation methodologies, by summarizing natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation research as three aspects (natural language instruction understanding, natural language-based execution plan generation, knowledge-world mapping). We also made in-depth analysis on theoretical methods, applications, and model advantages and disadvantages. Based on our paper review and perspective, future directions of natural-language-facilitated human–robot cooperation research were discussed.
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Yu, Wen Long. "Evolution Model of Technology Innovation Cooperation Network of Software Enterprise." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.355.

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This article will complex network theory is introduced to the world's leading technology innovation cooperation network study, continue to deepen the theoretical study, by numerical simulation and empirical research on the method of combining technical innovation cooperation network to the evolution mechanism and its small world, scale-free characteristics were studied. First perfect the network modeling work decline period. Secondly, put forward the strategy of technology innovation diffusion, namely random selection, target selection and associated enterprises selection strategy, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of relationship between different strategies. Finally, combined the status quo of the cooperation technological innovation in our country, respectively from two levels to enterprises and government strengthen enterprise technical cooperation and improve enterprise technology innovation ability, and puts forward some Suggestions and countermeasures of technology innovation cooperation network further study is forecasted.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disadvantages of cooperation"

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Krantz, Suzanna, and Petra Hyttberg. "Diversity-mångfald på arbetsplatsen : En kvalitativ studie hur mångfald diskursivt konstrueras på arbetsplatser." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29213.

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Sverige har gått från att ha varit ett homogent land till ett multikulturellt land på ett par decennier. Arbetsmarknaden har haft stor efterfrågan på arbetskraft där företagare har anställt arbetskraft från andra länder och fått en hög mångfald på sina arbetsplatser. Ekonomisk nedgång i samhället har påverkat arbetsmarknaden med hög arbetslöshet speciellt för invandrare.Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka hur mångfald diskursivt konstrueras av chefer och HR-ansvariga på arbetsplatsen. Frågeställningar i vår studie har varit att undersöka hur chefer och HR-specialister samarbetar kring mångfaldsplanen och om de ser för- och nackdelar med mångfald på sina arbetsplatser. Offentliga myndigheter har enligt lag skyldighet att upprätta en mångfaldsplan vart tredje år och aktivt arbeta för att främja mångfald medan den privata sektorn inte har sådana krav. En tredje frågeställning i vår studie är att jämföra om det finns skillnader mellan dessa två företag och hur de eventuellt ser ut. För att få svar på våra forskningsfrågor har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade frågor. Vi har intervjuat tre respondenter inom vardera offentlig och privat sektor, två chefer, två HR-specialister och två fackliga ombud. Resultat som framkommer är att de anställda ska ha rätt yrkeskompetens och att chefer inte fokuserar på den arbetssökandes etnicitet eller kulturella bakgrund. Viktigt är att de personer som söker arbete passar in i arbetslaget och har värderingar som stämmer överens med verksamheten. Samarbete mellan chefer och HR-specialister ser lite olika ut mellan företagen i vår studie, eventuellt beroende på skillnaden i storlek. Vår studie visar att mångfald som begrepp kan vara svårdefinierbart då det inte bara handlar om etnicitet och annan kulturell bakgrund. Alla respondenterna ser positivt på mångfald på arbetsplatsen och tycker att de positiva effekterna väger tyngre än de negativa.
Sweden has gone from being a homogenous country to being a multi-cultural country in a couple of decades. The labor market has had great demand for labor and entrepreneurs have hired labor from other countries. Today there is a higher level of diversity in workplaces. Economic decline in society has affected labor market with an impact of high unemployment, especially for immigrants.The purpose of our study is to examine how diversity is discursively constructed by managers and HR managers in the workplace using a norm-critical perspective.Question formulation in our study were to examine how managers and HR specialists collaborate on the diversity plan and if they see advantages and disadvantages of diversity in their workplaces. Public authorities have a statutory duty to establish a diversity plan every three years and work actively to promote diversity while the private sector does not have such requirements. A third question formulation in our study is to compare whether there are differences between these two companies and what they might look like. To get answers to our research questions, we used a qualitative study using semi-structured questions. We interviewed three respondents from public and three from private sectors, two managers, two HR specialists and two union representatives. A result that emerges is that employees should have the right professional skills and that managers do not focus on the job applicant's ethnicity or cultural background. Important is that the people who are looking for work blend in with the team and have values that match the business. Cooperation between managers and HR specialists are slightly different between the companies in our study, possibly due to the difference in size. Our study shows that diversity as a concept can be difficult to define because it is not just about ethnicity and cultural background. All respondents welcome diversity in the workplace and think that the positive effects outweigh the negative.
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Hultberg, Jens, and Filip Söderberg. "The Advantageous and Disadvantageous Aspects of Utilizing Cooperative Learning in an ESL Classroom." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34286.

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This evaluation of research investigates the advantageous and disadvantageous aspects of utilizing cooperative learning into the ESL (English as a second language) classroom for pupils at an elementary education level. Teachers need to be contemporary with their pedagogy and lesson design and implement methods that can enable that the national criteria regarding knowledge requirements in the syllabus for English are met. The methods within cooperative learning corresponds with sociocultural theories of Vygotsky as it is based on the zone of proximal development where high achievers can develop accordingly to their own qualifications, as well as low achievers. In the current study, we examine a selection of empirical studies on cooperative learning. The results of this analysis reveal that Cooperative learning is an advantageous way of reaching every individual to make sure that their English language acquisition is nurtured, but that the aspects of group grading make it difficult when grading each individual pupil. The findings also revealed that the implementation of cooperative learning into the ESL classroom had advantageous outcomes when it comes to vocabulary learning, writing skills, speaking skills and a lot of the pupils gained a better confidence and had a high achievement level in comparison to more traditional teacher focused pedagogy. Pupils also showed that their motivation and attitudes changed over time, when exposed of the cooperative learning methods in the ESL classroom. It is advised that teachers utilize cooperative learning in the ESL classroom hence it is beneficial for both pupils and teachers. Keywords: Cooperative learning, English as a second language, English as a foreign language, elementary school, group grading, ESL classroom and EFL classroom.
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Salie, Nazli. "The utilization of a partnership to provide quality education to a historically disadvantaged primary school in the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_7765_1177919452.

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Eleven years into the South African democracy there are still huge challenges facing South African public schools, especially with regard to the notions of equity and redress. Increasingly historically advantaged and disadvantaged South African schools are entering into partnerships in an attempts to address the challenges facing them. This study focused on one such a partnership between two primary schools in an attempt to ascertain whether partnerships can in fact improve the situation.
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Törngren, Erica, and Pernilla Magnusson. "Kooperativt lärande i matematik - en utvecklande process." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, matematik och samhälle (NMS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39357.

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Kooperativt lärande i matematik är en framgångsrik metod och lärare över hela världenförespråkar och arbetar utifrån detta arbetssätt (Kagan och Stenlev, 2017). Syftet meddenna kunskapsöversikt blev således att undersöka vad som krävs för att göra kooperativtlärande kunskapsutvecklande och vilken roll läraren har. Undersökningen gjordes genomsammanställning och analys av befintlig forskning. Sökningar genomfördes i olikadatabaser för att identifiera vetenskapliga artiklar som sedan analyserades ochsammanfattades. Resultatet visade att läraren har en betydande roll i det kooperativalärandet för att det ska fungera. Utifrån resultatet fick vi fram att gruppsammansättningar,undervisning om kooperativt lärande samt att ge elever med neuropsykiskafunktionsnedsättningar (NPF) stöttning är framgångsfaktorer i det kooperativa lärandet.Avslutningsvis diskuteras resultatet utifrån personliga erfarenheter samt vad som skullekunna vara relevant för framtida forskning.
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Laguardia, Armando Reinaldo. "A Study of the Success of School College Partnerships Created to Improve Minority and Disadvantaged Student Enrollment and Success in Postsecondary Education." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1309.

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This study focused on "comprehensive" partnerships between K-12 schools and postsecondary institutions created to improve the pre-college academic preparation, college enrollment and postsecondary success of minority and disadvantaged students. The study identified such partnerships in existence in the United States for more than five years, surveyed the partnerships to describe their characteristics, and selected two of the most successful to analyze their success characteristics. Sixteen such partnerships were identified and surveyed with a 12-item questionnaire designed to inquire about their: (a) structural characteristics, (b) funding, (c) success in achieving their goals and objectives, and (d) collection of data to measure success. Three key informants from each partnership were surveyed. Forty of 48 surveys were returned, for a return rate of 82%. Responses were tabulated to ascertain the degree to which these partnerships had been successful in achieving their goals and identify the areas in which they experienced success. Two of the most successful partnerships were selected for case studies and visited to collect information about the factors that affected their success and to interview five key participants who represented schools and postsecondary institutions in each of the partnerships. An interview protocol was used to probe the degree to which the characteristics of partnerships success identified in the literature (Van de Water, 1989) were present and effected the case study partnerships. Analysis of the surveys, partnership materials, and the interviews provided a comprehensive portrait of each of the study partnerships. Results of the surveys indicate that a majority of these partnerships; consider themselves at least somewhat successful in achieving their goals, and have improved high school preparation and college enrollments. They are, however, less informed about their success in increasing college retention and graduation. The case studies and interviews revealed that the partnerships valued the success characteristics identified in the literature. The most salient characteristics required for success were the existence of leadership capable of negotiating change within several institutions with different organizational cultures, and the need to recognize that partnerships are unique organizations with some of the same peculiarities, structures and needs as other organizations.
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Tshunungwa, Bongiwe Gcotyelwa. "The role of agricultural cooperatives in developing previously disadvantaged black rural communities in the Eastern Cape province since 2005 : the case study of Cannon Farm in Queenstown." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020795.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the role played by agricultural cooperatives in developing the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. It also looks at the contributions by Government in promoting the establishment and the success of these cooperatives. The focus area was Cannon Farm in the Chris Hani District Municipality, where most of the people live below the poverty line, but have started agricultural cooperatives with the aim of eradicating poverty and developing their communities. The data for this research was gathered through group discussions and face-to-face interviews which were guided by a questionnaire. A document analysis was also conducted to fulfill all the research objectives. It has been found that agricultural cooperatives, as compared to any other type of cooperatives, are a major tool to eradicate poverty and bring economic development to rural communities. This is made possible not only by the full commitment and determination of cooperative members, but also by government which has also committed itself to providing a supportive legal environment for cooperatives (Cooperative Act No. 14 of 2005). The findings also show that, due to the challenges they are currently facing, agricultural cooperatives in the Eastern Cape Province have not yet reached their full potential. Therefore, it has been recommended that, such challenges need to be urgently addressed. As the United Nations (2001) highlights, agricultural cooperatives present themselves as an important element that can contribute to the realization of the Millennium Development Goals by 2015.
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Cicero, Jennesin Abraham. "Researching school-business and industry cooperation in an opportunity-deprived and less wealthy, disadvantaged sector of a specific community in the Western Cape : towards effective partnership : an exploratory study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17449.

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Bibliography: pages 101-111.
This minor dissertation examines the nature of cooperation between schools and business/industry in an opportunity-deprived, less wealthy, disadvantaged sector of a specific community in the Western Cape. It will attempt to show that a community created by Apartheid and stripped of both political and economic power, can demonstrate the willingness and determination to work together and with business/industry towards forming, amongst others, sound, sustainable and effective school business/industry partnerships.
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Stránská, Markéta. "Výhody a nevýhody plynoucí organizacím z členství v České asociaci pro vzácná onemocnění (ČAVO)." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353177.

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In my work, I want to focus on the perceived advantages and disadvantages of membership in the umbrella organization. This topic, I will discuss from the perspectives of the member organizations. This is a specific segment associations - the patient organizations focused to patients with rare diseases. It is clear that cooperation in the umbrella organization brings advantages, but it is probable that it can also bring some disadvantages. For my work I choose the Czech Association for rare diseases. In the Czech Republic is the only organization in the civil sector, focusing exclusively on rare diseases. The goal of the master thesis is to find out the perceived advantages and disadvantages, and how it is related to the level of activity of members of the umbrella organization. Further, I want to compare the data with the theoretical literature in order that differs. Theme of umbrella in the Czech Republic is almost unexplored. There are only a few expert papers in this area. That's why I decided to focus on cooperation in civil sector (organization focus on rare diseases), which is relatively unknown. Keys words: advantages of cooperation, disadvantages of cooperation, rare disease, advocacy function, information function, umbrella organizations, patient organizations, Czech Association for Rare...
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TSAI, HSING-CHUAN, and 蔡幸娟. "An Action Research On Using Cooperative Learning In Biology Class On Disadvantaged Students- Case Class As An Example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b2h56c.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
教育學系
106
ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to discuss learning efficiency of applying cooperative learning into biology class on disadvantaged students. Families tend to lose their functions in rural areas. Parents need to work for a long time, so they cannot put too much emphasis on their children’s schoolwork. As a result, students commonly lack learning motivation. It is hoped that these disadvantaged students’ learning efficiency can be promoted through cooperative learning. In the study, first, the students’ backgrounds and achievements on biology were analyzed. Furthermore, the students’ learning motivation, completeness of homework and five elements of cooperative learning were discussed. The subjects of the study were 20 students of the seventh grade from one class in a junior high school in an industrial area in Kaohsiung City. Among the 20 students, six subjects were chosen as key informants,according to the definition of disadvantaged students of the Ministry of Education. The study was an action research which included three-month program from April to June 2017. The teacher- reflection diaries, class observation fieldnotes, teaching videos, worksheets, interview transcripts were analyzed qualitatively. On the basis of the triangulation analysis, the major findings of the study are summarized as follows. 1. The learning motivation of the disadvantaged students is improved after the cooperative learning program. They anticipate their grades on biology more. 2. The disadvanteged students’ homework complete better after the cooperative learning program. 3. The disadvantaged students practice five elements of cooperative learning. Based on the study findings, the researcher can also make self-reflection. What’s more, teachers and schools can view them as references and further studies can take them as suggestions.
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Shen, Chian-Ho, and 沈千禾. "The situated experience of teachers in a university-elementary school cooperative program for disadvantage children in rural area." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n2jp59.

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Books on the topic "Disadvantages of cooperation"

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du Bois-Reymond, Manuela. Emerging Adulthood Theory and Social Class. Edited by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795574.013.37.

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Emerging adulthood theory (EAT) has gained wide support in the social sciences over the past 15 years despite critical comments also being voiced. This contribution positions EAT within the main European traditions of theories about change in the lives of young people. It shows that EAT has antecedents in many of these theories, but without taking social class as thoroughly into account as it should. This is demonstrated by reanalyzing a US survey and by, albeit indirectly, referring to a European project that established a typology on educational disadvantage based on a multilayered methodology. The chapter encourages increasing cooperation between scholars in the field of youth studies in order to both overcome disciplinary rigidity and discourage a naïve reliance on interdisciplinarity as remedy for all problems.
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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles. and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles. and United States. Administration on Aging., eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles. and United States. Administration on Aging., eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Community based and in-home services for the frail and economically disadvantaged elderly: A cooperative cities program between the cities of Los Angeles and Jerusalem. Los Angeles, CA (6505 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 90048): Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disadvantages of cooperation"

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Cantow, Kathleen, Roger G. Evans, Dirk Grosenick, Thomas Gladytz, Thoralf Niendorf, Bert Flemming, and Erdmann Seeliger. "Quantitative Assessment of Renal Perfusion and Oxygenation by Invasive Probes: Basic Concepts." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 89–107. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_6.

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AbstractRenal tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia are early key elements in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury of various origins, and may also promote progression from acute injury to chronic kidney disease. Here we describe basic principles of methodology to quantify renal hemodynamics and tissue oxygenation by means of invasive probes in experimental animals. Advantages and disadvantages of the various methods are discussed in the context of the heterogeneity of renal tissue perfusion and oxygenation.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by a separate chapter describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
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Millar, Michael. "A Capability Perspective on Antibiotic Resistance, Inequality, and Child Development." In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, 225–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_14.

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Abstract Nussbaum’s capability theory by drawing attention to multiple determinants of wellbeing provides a rich and relevant evaluative space for framing antibiotic resistance. I consider the implications of antibiotic resistance for child development and adult capabilities. There are common risk factors for childhood growth stunting and the spread of infectious diseases in both antibiotic sensitive and resistant forms. The interaction between infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance and growth stunting illustrates a clustering of disadvantage. The control of antibiotic resistance requires wide-ranging cooperative action. Cooperation is predicated on an expectation of equitable access to effective antibiotics. This expectation is confounded by inequality both in access to antibiotics, and in the risk that available antibiotics will be ineffective. Securing child development (and adult capabilities) requires that inequalities both in access to antibiotics and in risk factors for the dissemination and transmission of antibiotic resistance are addressed. Inequality undermines the cooperative activity that is control of infectious diseases and compounds the threat to the securing of capabilities that arises from antibiotic resistance.
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Bowles, Samuel, and Herbert Gintis. "A Cooperative Species." In A Cooperative Species. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691151250.003.0001.

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This book examines the cultural, biological and other processes that explain how humans evolved into an exceptionally cooperative species. It advances two propositions, the first of which deals with proximate motivations for prosocial behavior and the second is concerned with the distant evolutionary origins and ongoing perpetuation of these cooperative dispositions. It argues that cooperation arose because it was highly beneficial to the members of groups that practiced it, and humans were able to construct social institutions that minimized the disadvantages of those with social preferences in competition with fellow group members, while heightening the group-level advantages associated with the high levels of cooperation that these social preferences allowed. The book explains why altruistic social preferences supporting human cooperation outcompeted unmitigated and amoral self-interest.
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Karnaukhova, Oxana, and Oliver Hinkelbein. "Expert Knowledge in the University-Industry Cooperation." In Social Media for Knowledge Management Applications in Modern Organizations, 218–36. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2897-5.ch010.

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The idea of the chapter is to make a cross-cultural analysis of the various knowledge management processes, with the aim of identifying advantages and disadvantages, perspectives and obstacles for knowledge management (KM) within the boundaries between university and industry. KM strategies revealed the importance of institutionalization and legitimation processes of practitioners' knowledge. In the contemporary networking world with blurring boundaries between professional and non-professional knowledge the position of expert is changing. It immediately influences knowledge flows between university and industry. The chapter will provide a comparative analysis of two KM cases in the field of university-industry relations – Germany and Russia with emphasis on difficulties and advantages of KM implementation for enhancing decision-making process on both sides; evolving stakeholders to participate in activities, building efficient societal capabilities and developing knowledge-based communities.
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Uslu, Yeter Demir, and Emre Yılmaz. "Public-Private Partnerships and Its Reflections to the Health Sector." In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage, 338–56. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2329-2.ch013.

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The purpose of this study is to define the concept of public-private cooperation, to talk about its advantages and disadvantages and to examine its reflections on the health sector. In this context, the main features of the Public Private Partnership and the financing models applied throughout the world have been mentioned by making extensive literature review. In addition to this, the effects of public-private cooperation on health sector practices are discussed and the benefit of the synergy created as a result of cooperation is emphasized. In the literature review, the creation of Public Private Partnerships for various purposes together with various financing models, the services public and private sector provide for a common purpose, the risk sharing resulting from all these factors have been discussed. It is stated that the provision of compulsory public services by the government in cooperation with the private sector adds value to projects both in terms of innovation and time cost.
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"Introduction." In John Rawls, edited by Jon Mandle and Sarah Roberts-Cady, 203–5. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190859213.003.0017.

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Liberal political philosophers, including John Rawls, often ground their theories in a model of citizens as free and equal individuals engaging in cooperation with each other. In starting with that model of citizens, little attention is given to the reality of inevitable human dependence. We all begin our lives as infants in a state of complete dependence on others. Many of us will end our lives that way as well. For people with certain significant disabilities, this dependence may continue throughout life. In contemporary societies, the dependence experienced by some people with disabilities can result in substantial social disadvantages. Further, the disadvantages associated with dependency do not just impact the dependent, but also those who care for them. Caring for dependents involves personal and economic costs that can negatively affect caregivers’ ability to pursue their own opportunities or to exercise their rights. How ought our institutions be designed to ensure equal respect for those who are significantly dependent and for their caregivers?...
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Cédric, Argenton, Geradin Damien, and Stephan Andreas. "1 Introduction." In EU Cartel Law and Economics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780198702092.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter is a brief overview on cartels. It first defines what a cartel is in the modern sense and differentiates it from other forms of cooperation that do not typically apply to the European Union's (EU) competition rules. The chapter then considers the advantages and disadvantages of cartels. It describes a history in which cartels are tolerated and even encouraged, contrasting these instances with the modern view that horizontal cartel arrangements are generally very harmful to consumers and to markets. From there, the prevalence of cartels in modern economies is explored. Here, the chapter provides some model estimates for the prevalence of cartels, before discussing the broader implications of this study.
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Carayannis, Tatiana, and Thomas G. Weiss. "Fitter for Purpose?" In The "Third" United Nations, 139–50. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855859.003.0007.

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This chapter asks whether the world organization can become fitter for purpose. An essential motivation for getting right the understanding of the Third UN is the need to identify the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the “whole” organization. It is especially challenging to identify how the UN should act in the era of information disorder and public health pandemics, and thus how a variety of knowledge brokers from the Third UN can help the UN think. The task to analyze what the UN can and cannot do, as well as how to make it fitter-for-purpose, should have been undertaken more vigorously and earlier. However, it is even more crucial in the age of new nationalisms and populisms. In light of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic and global economic meltdown, the breakdown of international cooperation and the pressing need for a robust multilateral system could not be more obvious, even if it is not clear to new nationalists.
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Jelassi, Tawfik, and Albrecht Enders. "Mobile Advertising." In Mobile Computing, 1653–64. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-054-7.ch132.

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This chapter is based on research conducted in cooperation with 12Snap, the leading European mobile marketing company, which has implemented large-scale mobile advertising campaigns with companies such as McDonald’s, Nestlé, Microsoft, Coca-Cola, Adidas, and Sony. To set the overall stage, we first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the mobile phone in comparison to other marketing media. Then we propose a framework of different types of advertising campaigns that can be supported through the usage of mobile devices. These campaign types include (1) mobile push campaigns, (2) mobile pull campaigns, and (3) mobile dialogue campaigns. Building on this framework, we analyze different campaigns that 12Snap implemented for different consumer goods and media companies. Drawing from these experiences we then discuss a number of key management issues that need to be considered when implementing mobile marketing campaigns. They include the following themes: (1) the choice of campaign type, (2) the design of a campaign, (3) the targeting of the youth market, and (4) the combination of different media types to create integrated campaigns.
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Eleftheriadis, Pavlos. "An Unfair Union?" In A Union of Peoples, 217–41. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854173.003.0009.

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Is the Eurozone fair? Since the member states jointly created a structurally flawed Eurozone, they remain jointly responsible for the asymmetric risks they created for the disadvantaged members. When the crisis caused important economic and social losses to the disadvantaged states, all the other states as a whole had a moral obligation to provide redress. The financial assistance programmes can be reasonably seen as the expression of a new form of solidarity generated by European integration and based on the idea of justice in cooperation. This kind of solidarity, however, is transnational, not constitutional and has its origins in corrective, not distributive justice. It is the result of states cooperating, not of citizens setting up common political institutions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Disadvantages of cooperation"

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Dichevska, Snezhana, Vera Karadjova, and Ljube Jolevski. "ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BANKS AND INSURANCE COMPANIES." In 2nd International Scientific Conference. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2018.646.

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Jun, Lin. "Cooperation and Competition Among Enterprises and Their Advantages and Disadvantages." In 2021 6th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210407.083.

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Маевская, Марина, and Marina Maevskaya. "Law schools and employers cooperation as a factor of graduating students` preparation of high quality and their job connection." In St. Petersburg international Legal forum RD forum video — Rostov-na-Donu. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_5a3a6fa961c8c9.43911596.

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The article is devoted to evaluation of priority forms of cooperation between institutes and employers, and troubled points, which impede their cooperation. Taking into account identified shortcomings (disadvantages), the most effective forms of cooperation are performed. Moved a motion of supplement to Federal act «Of Education in the Russian Federation» relating to practical studies (job training) of law school students. The model of dual education is subjected to evaluation, this model is considered to be one of the advanced forms of effective cooperation of law schools and employers. Reasoned the offer of practicability and timely adoption the model of dual education for jurist students.
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Pavić, Ivana, Ivana Mamić Sačer, and Lajoš Žager. "Challenges, Advantages and Disadvantages in Implementation of Ifrs 15 in Different Industries." In 2nd International Conference on Business, Management and Finance. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icbmf.2019.11.769.

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The accounting rules related to revenues’ recognition and measurement have not been changed for many years, and have been listed in International Accounting Standard 18 – Revenues, which has been in use since 1984. Practice has shown that the standard is no longer an adequate basis for revenue recognition and therefore the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in cooperation with American FASB has created and published a new accounting standard that addresses the issue of revenue recognition – IFRS 15 – Revenues from Contracts with Customers. This standard supersedes the application of IAS 18 as of January 1, 2018. Since revenue is a very important element in determining the profit or loss of an entity and therefore its performance, preparers of financial statements should pay full attention to accounting principles related to revenues’ recognition and measurement while preparing financial statements. New accounting standard for revenues introduces certain innovations in the field of revenue calculation as well as in time of revenues’ recognition. These changes will have a significant impact on the amount of revenues for certain industries, such as the telecommunications and construction industry, which have significant share of revenues from contracts with customers. The aim of the research is to identify the challenges and problems that appears in the initial phase of application of a new standard on revenues such as; the need to consider a larger volume of documentation, inadequate existing IT infrastructure, multiple sources of documentation that must be considered in revenue recognition, including commercial, legal and financial documentation etc. In addition, we plan to identify benefits form the application of the new standard for the entities preparing the financial statements. In this context, it is expected to identify the sectors that have the most dilemmas in the application of this standard and to propose potential solutions to address these problems.
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Kaplanova, Veronika. "Возможности активизации учеников при обучении иностранному языку с использованием икт (с учётом рки)." In Пражская Русистика 2020 – Prague Russian Studies 2020. Charles University, Faculty of Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/9788076032088.7.

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This article deals with the possibilities of using selected activating methods and organizational forms of teaching in the context of the use of information and communication technologies. Activating methods are analysed from the theoretical point of view, especially with regard to problem solving, constructing new knowledge, acquiring communication and intercultural competence, motivation, cooperation and the development of the pupil's personality. It also describes their advantages and disadvantages or limits. Additionally, the article presents practical examples useful for lessons of Russian as a foreign language.
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Halova, E. Y., R. G. Kobilarov, Angelos Angelopoulos, and Takis Fildisis. "Advantages and Disadvantages of the Test Method for Checking and Evaluating of the Knowledge, the Skills and the Habits of Students." In ORGANIZED BY THE HELLENIC PHYSICAL SOCIETY WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENTS OF GREEK UNIVERSITIES: 7th International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3322364.

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Miča, Pavol, and Jozef Čerňan. "Wing magnetohydrodynamic facility of aircraft propulsion system." In Práce a štúdie. University of Zilina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/pas.z.2021.2.27.

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Magnetohydrodynamics is one of the relatively new fields of physics studying the dynamics of magnetic fields in electrically conductive fluids. The implementation using magnetohydrodynamic principles applied to aircraft propulsion systems is so far only in a range of experiments. So far, real applications have occurred only a few times and always only at the level of experiments and prototypes. In my paper, I deal with the application of a magnetohydrodynamic device built into the wing of an airplane. This means should work as a secondary type of drive in cooperation with the primary drive, which is represented by a turbofan motor. The device´s main function is to reduce the fuel requirements of the primary drive and reduce noise and other harmful emissions. The work also includes drawings created in the program AutoCAD, where I designed the location and implementation of a wing magnetohydrodynamic device in the wing of general construction. In this work, I also explore the advantages and disadvantages of using different tips of the primary drive. I am also researching the current state of the problem where I am analyzing the Japanese project of the YAMATO-1 semi-catamaran with magnetohydronymous propulsion and a prototype of an ion-powered crawler from IMT scientists. I also examine in detail all the theoretical knowledge concerning magnetohydrodynamics and wing design. Finally, I compare the advantages and disadvantages of using this tool as well as other technical issues related to construction. This work can serve as a basis for further future research into the application of magnetohydrodynamic principles in aviation
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White, Mark, and Greg Epelbaum. "Problem Solving Tools in Waste-to-Energy Systems." In 14th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec14-3194.

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Covanta is using a multifaceted approach to problem solving in Waste-to-Energy systems which combines several types of computer modeling with physical cold flow models, field testing, and engineering experience. This problem-solving approach is applied to boiler corrosion, gas and particulate flow patterns, reagent injection, and APC system issues. Our goals are to bring the most appropriate tools to each issue and incorporate results back into the engineering approach in order to continually improve our technical capabilities. Several types of computer modeling are used. A commercially available energy balance program is used for steam cycle evaluations and boiler energy balance and heat transfer calculations. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are developed to investigate temperature and flow patterns where local conditions must be understood in detail. We have made extensive use of cold flow models to improve performance of APC systems, and to evaluate overfire air mixing in furnaces, and flow distribution through tube banks in boilers. Field testing is used to investigate temperature fluctuations and distributions, flow stratification, corrosion rates, and to validate modeling or analytical results. Each of these approaches has its own set of advantages, disadvantages, and limitations, and must always be combined with a healthy dose of operating and engineering experience. Analytical work is done by, or in close cooperation with, our operations and engineering staff with many years of experience operating, designing, and modifying boilers, APC systems, and related equipment. This integrated approach has yielded significant improvements in many cases and is being used in increasingly complex applications.
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Qin, Zhaojun, Yuqian Lu, Hongbo Zhang, Xinyu Liu, and Lianyu Zheng. "A Reconfigurable Jig Assistant Assembly System Based on Wearable Devices." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8234.

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Abstract In the aviation industry, the novel reconfigurable jig has a good application prospect. However, compared with traditional fixed jigs, the flexible structure of reconfigurable jig increases the assembly difficulty, as well as the disadvantage of cooperation between devices. To cope with these problems, we propose a reconfigurable jig assistant assembly (RJAA) system based on wearable devices in this paper, which can enhance the collaboration between humans and machines, and improve the automation level of assembly operations. Firstly, the architecture of the RJAA system is presented, which is composed of three units, i.e. server application unit, wearable application unit, and assembly execution/auxiliary unit. Secondly, in order to achieve the collaboration within the RJAA system, a unified message cooperation communication protocol is designed. Finally, we tested the developed system on the assembly of a 6-UPS parallel mechanism to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed system.
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Birzina, Rita, Tamara Pigozne, and Sandra Lapina. "Trends in STEM Teaching and Learning within the Context of National Education Reform." In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.004.

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STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education nowadays is considered priority. To implement it successfully, students must acquire not only STEM “hard” skills, but also “soft” skills, therefore the choice of teaching/learning methods is essential. Problem-based (PrBL) and projectbased learning (PjBL) aim both at the acquisition of science content using real life examples and the improvement of IT skills, critical thinking, decision-making, civil responsibility and cooperation skills. The aim of the research is to find out the use of PrBL and PjBL in the teaching/ learning of STEM in the context of national reform of Latvia. The design of mixed methods was used in the research. The correlative research was performed using QuestionPro e-platform and surveyed 128 STEM teachers and 257 secondary school students to collect quantitative data. As Latvia now is implementing the education reform, the case study for qualitative and quantitative analysis has been carried out using the AQUAD data processing programme and researching the secondary education biology basic course curriculum. This research identified that it was advisable to use practical cases, real everyday examples and project work that would increase students’ interest in science subjects to enable them to solve problems creatively by integrating the content of all STEM subjects. The biology curriculum mainly stresses students’ reproductive than productive work with information, the development of critical thinking by participating in discussions and cooperating, while not enough attention was paid to the use of problem solving in the teaching/ learning process and the implementation of the interdisciplinary project. The use of sensors, practical laboratory works and field study as specific methods of biology are little represented in the curriculum, which is a serious disadvantage. This means that the basic curriculum of biology in the context of national education reform is more oriented to the acquisition of transversal skills, not the development of competent science literacy.
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