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Journal articles on the topic 'Disaster relief South Asia'
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Hicks, Esther K., and Gregory Pappas. "Coordinating disaster relief after the South Asia earthquake." Society 43, no. 5 (July 2006): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02687574.
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Miller, Andrew C., and Bonnie Arquilla. "Disasters, Women's Health, and Conservative Society: Working in Pakistan with the Turkish Red Crescent following the South Asian Earthquake." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 22, no. 4 (August 2007): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00004842.
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AbstractIn recent years, numerous catastrophic disasters caused by natural hazards directed worldwide attention to medical relief efforts. These events included the: (1) 2003 earthquake in Bam, Iran; (2) 2004 earthquake and tsunami in Southeast Asia; (3) Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in the southern United States in 2005;(4) 2005 south Asian earthquake; and (5) 2006 Indonesian volcanic eruption and earthquakes. Health disparities experienced by women during relief operations were a component of each of these events. This article focuses on the response of the Turkish Red Crescent Society's field hospital in northern Pakistan following the South Asian Earthquake of October 2005, and discusses how the international community has struggled to address women's health issues during international relief efforts. Furthermore, since many recent disasters occurred in culturally conservative South Asia and the local geologic activity indicates similar disaster-producing events are likely to continue, special emphasis is placed on response efforts. Lessons learned in Pakistan demonstrate how simple adjustments in community outreach, camp geography, staff distribution, and supplies can enhance the quality, delivery, and effectiveness of the care provided to women during international relief efforts.
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Mathew, Dolly. "Information Technology and Public Health Management of Disasters—A Model for South Asian Countries." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 1 (February 2005): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002156.
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AbstractThis paper highlights the use of information technology (IT) in disaster management and public health management of disasters. Effective health response to disasters will depend on three important lines of action: (1) disaster preparedness; (2) emergency relief; and (3) management of disasters. This is facilitated by the presence of modern communication and space technology, especially the Internet and remote sensing satellites. This has made the use of databases, knowledge bases, geographic information systems (GIS), management information systems (MIS), information transfer, and online connectivity possible in the area of disaster management and medicine.This paper suggests a conceptual model called, “The Model for Public Health Management of Disasters for South Asia”. This Model visualizes the use of IT in the public health management of disasters by setting up the Health and Disaster Information Network and Internet Community Centers, which will facilitate cooperation among all those in the areas of disaster management and emergency medicine. The suggested infrastructure would benefit the governments, non-government organizations, and institutions working in the areas of disaster and emergency medicine, professionals, the community, and all others associated with disaster management and emergency medicine. The creation of such an infrastructure will enable the rapid transfer of information, data, knowledge, and online connectivity from top officials to the grassroots organizations, and also among these countries regionally. This Model may be debated, modified, and tested further in the field to suit the national and local conditions. It is hoped that this exercise will result in a viable and practical model for use in public health management of disasters by South Asian countries.
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Chowdhury, Tazrina, Paul Arbon, Malinda Steenkamp, Mayumi Kako, and Kristine Gebbie. "Exploring Health Challenges of South Asian Women at the Evacuation Centers after Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000803.
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Introduction:Globally, women are considered to be more vulnerable during disasters. South Asia including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Nepal experience many disasters, and are also ranked lowest on the gender equality index. Women of these countries tend to face many health challenges while staying at evacuation centers after disasters.Aim:This study highlights the health challenges South Asian women face while staying in evacuation centers after disasters.Methods:A narrative review was conducted using the keywords, “women after disaster,” “evacuation centers,” and “emergency health care.” Literature identified from the references were also added until reaching saturation. 47 articles were obtained through Elsevier, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest.Results:Women in shelters in South Asian countries experienced many health challenges including genito-urinary tract infections (studies from India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh), increased maternal mortality (Nepal and Pakistan), and sexual assault with resulting unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV (Nepal). Factors that contributed were the unavailability of separate toilets, inadequate sanitation, lack of sanitary supplies, and inadequate childbirth and maternity care resources. Rape victims at the shelters of Myanmar received delayed medical treatments, causing long-term health complications. Post-disaster stress and trauma were evident among women at the shelters initiated by insecurity, fear of abuse, and unfair relief distribution.Discussion:Women face certain challenges when staying in evacuation shelters in South Asian countries, which impacts their wellbeing after disasters. It is important to recognize women’s special requirements and to preserve women’s rights while developing disaster preparedness strategies. Socio-cultural perspectives of the disaster-prone areas should be considered at the policy planning level to ensure an effective and practical health-safety system. Additionally, further research focusing on women’s wellbeing at the evacuation centers is required to inform and overcome health challenges faced by women living in the shelters.
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Dorosh, Paul, Sohail J. Malik, and Marika Krausova. "Rehabilitating Agriculture and Promoting Food Security After the 2010 Pakistan Floods: Insights from the South Asian Experience." Pakistan Development Review 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 167–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v49i3pp.167-192.
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The 2010 floods in Pakistan had a devastating effect on the Pakistani population. This paper summarises recovery experiences from previous natural disasters in South Asia, including the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan and the 1998 flood in Bangladesh, and suggests several lessons relevant for recovery efforts following the 2010 Pakistan flood. First, market and trade policies should maintain adequate price incentives so that private trade and imports can contribute to postdisaster recovery. Second, a strong institutional framework is needed to coordinate the large-scale disaster response. Third, recovery efforts should also include support for livelihood security and restoration, ensuring inclusion of the stakeholders. Fourth, restoring and upgrading infrastructure facilities can lead to enhanced flood resistance as well as a reduction in future disaster loss. Two alternative institutions may be possible vehicles for poverty-alleviation—the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF) and the Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP). To address future disasters, however, it is important to establish and strengthen disaster response capability, including applying lessons learned from the relief and rehabilitation response to the 2010 floods.
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Chan, BS, SM PIH, MBBS, DDM, DFM, Emily Ying Yang. "Why are older peoples’ health needs forgotten post-natural disaster relief in developing countries? A healthcare provider survey of 2005 Kashmir, Pakistan earthquake." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2009.0016.
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Although older people may be recognized as a vulnerable group post-natural disasters, their particular needs are rarely met by the providers of emergency services. Studies about older people’s health needs post disasters in the South East Asia Tsunami, Kashmir, Pakistan, China, and United States has revealed the lack of concern for older people’s health needs. Recent study of older people’s health needs post the Kashmir Pakistan earthquake (2005) found older peoples’ health needs were masked within the general population.This survey study examines the providers’ perceptions of older people’s vulnerabilities post-2005 Pakistan earthquake. It aims to understand the awareness of geriatric issues and issues related to current service provision/planning for older people’s health needs post disasters. Specifically, service delivery patterns will be compared among different relief agencies.Cross-sectional, structured stakeholder interviews were conducted within a 2 weeks period in February 2006, 4 months post-earthquake in Pakistan-administrated Kashmir. Health/medical relief agencies of three different types of organizational nature: international nongovernmental organization (INGO), national organization, and local/community group were solicited to participate in the study. Descriptive analysis was conducted.Important issues identified include the need to sensitize relief and health workers about older people’s health needs post disaster, the development of relevant clinical guidelines for chronic disease management postdisaster in developing countries and the advocacy of building in geriatric related components in natural disaster medical relief programs.To effectively address the vulnerability of older people, it is important for governments, relief agencies, and local partners to include and address these issues during their relief operations and policy planning.
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Tun Jamil, Siti Jamiah, Nur Azfahani Ahmad, and Jasrul Jamian Jasiman. "CONNECTING FELDA COMMUNITIES WITH SOLAR ELECTRIFICATION DURING FLOOD DISASTER: THE METHODOLOGY." Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment 4, no. 1 (September 30, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/myse.v4i1.5607.
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The Malaysian Electricity Supply Industry Outlook 2016 has highlighted that Malaysia’s electricity supply infrastructure is among the best in South East Asia. However, upon flood disaster, the national power supply is easily interrupted and electricity cannot be supplied efficiently to the people, especially for the locals in the rural areas. One of the significant groups affected during flood in the rural areas comes from the FELDA communities. These people are usually left vulnerable in a blackout during flood disaster. Therefore, it is significant to have alternative power supply that can be used as a supporting energy relief during the disaster. One of the potential alternatives energy that can supplement electricity during blackout upon flood disaster comes from solar energy. By using solar energy, electricity can be generated and stored ahead of time at the flood relief center. This flood relief strategies is supported by the National Security Council (KMN) and the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development of Malaysia part of the national flood disaster blue print agenda. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the potential of using solar-generated electricity in helping the FELDA communities in the rural area in facing power disruption during flood disaster. The focus will be on presenting the overview of FELDA flood areas in Malaysia and provide discussion on the research methodology obtained to overcome the issue.
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Zhang, Lei, Wei Song, and Wen Song. "Assessment of Agricultural Drought Risk in the Lancang-Mekong Region, South East Asia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 24, 2020): 6153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176153.
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Natural disasters worldwide regularly impact on human activities. As a frequently occurring natural disaster, drought has adverse impacts on agricultural production. The Lancang-Mekong River is a transnational river running through China and five Southeast Asian countries and it is a vital water resource for irrigation in the region. Drought in the Lancang-Mekong Region (LMR) has occurred frequently in recent years. Assessing the risk of drought in the region is essential for rational planning of agricultural production and formulation of drought relief measures. In this study, an assessment of drought risk has been achieved by combining the hazard and vulnerability assessments for drought. The assessment of the drought hazard depends mainly on the standardized precipitation index (SPI). The assessment of drought vulnerability takes into account various indicators such as climatic factors (e.g., crop water stress index), soil factors (e.g., available water capacity), and irrigation factors (e.g., irrigation support). The results reveal that: (1) Drought distribution in the LMR is characterized by a spreading of the drought to countries along the middle and lower reaches of the Mekong River. Countries located in the middle and lower reaches of the Mekong River are more prone to drought. Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia are the regions with higher and high-drought risk levels. (2) The spatial distributions for the drought hazard and the drought vulnerability in the LMR exhibit significant differences as evidenced in the mapping results. High-hazard and high-vulnerability areas are mainly distributed in the middle LMR, and the middle to higher hazard areas and the middle to higher vulnerability areas are mainly distributed in the south-central LMR, while the low-hazard areas and the low-vulnerability areas are mainly in the north. (3) The majority of planting areas for sugarcane, rice, and cassava are located in the high-hazard areas. The distributions of drought-prone and high-hazard areas also correspond to the main agricultural areas in the LMR.
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Siang, Teo Ann. "Forum Panelist 3: MyCARE: The Humanitarian Responses as an NGO towards Pandemic COVID-19 in Malaysia." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 5 (March 5, 2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v5i0.299.
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COVID-19 pandemic becomes the major disaster happening through out every part of the world and change every single sector, including the humanitarian perspective. As the COVID-19 has spread, government worldwide restrict the movement of people, interruption on activists to deliver assistances, logistics challenge and hampering humanitarian responses. This article makes HUMANITARIAN CARE MALAYSIA BERHAD (MyCARE) as an example of a local Malaysian NGO in providing humanitarian assistance during the periods in the pandemic. MyCARE is a Non-Profit Organization (NPO) registered with the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) [Reg. No: 729288-P], the member of South East Asia Humanitarian Communities (SEAHUM) and existing special consultative member of United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).MyCARE’s humanitarian relief network covers South East Asia Archipelago including the Philippines, Cambodia, Southern Thailand and Vietnam; war-torn countries in the Middle East such as Palestine, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq; the stateless and displaced Rohingya people, as well as disaster-stricken areas regardless of racial and religious boundaries. MyCARE is also active in Malaysia in providing temporary shelters, rebuilding homes and provision of fresh water in the flood-stricken areas.This article wishes to share the humanitarian works by MyCARE, in which major assistance has been provided to a major natural hazard be affected during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, and urgent needs for countries such as Gaza and well as the Rohingya Refugee Camp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh as the largest refugee camp in the world.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2021 Page: S8
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von Schreeb, Johan, Jaswinder K. Legha, Niklas Karlsson, and Richard Garfield. "Information for Action? Analysis of 2005 South Asian Earthquake Reports Posted on Reliefweb." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 7, no. 3 (June 2013): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2010.36.
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AbstractObjectiveFollowing a sudden-onset disaster (SOD), rapid information is needed. We assessed the relevance of information available for relief planning on a main Internet portal following a major SOD.MethodsWe reviewed all information posted on the Reliefweb Web site in the first 7 days following the 2005 South Asian earthquake using a predeveloped registration form focusing on essential indicators. These data were compared with Pakistani government figures posted by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters.ResultsA total of 820 reports were reviewed. More reports came from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs; 35%) than any other source. A total of 42% of reports addressed only national level information, while 32% specified information at the provincial level. Fewer than 12% of all reports discussed the earthquake at the more local division and district levels. Only 13 reports provided pre-earthquake estimates of the number of people living in the affected areas. A third of all reports cited a common figure of 2.5 million made homeless. These were lower than official figures of 5 million homeless. A total of 43% reported on the estimated number of deaths. The estimated number peaked on day 4 at 40 000. All of these reports were lower than official data, which reported 73 000 deaths in total.ConclusionEarly reports heavily underestimated the number of affected, homeless, injured, and dead. Many reports repeated information provided from previous unnamed sources rather than providing unique contributions from eyewitness reports or from contextual information based on previous work in the area. Better information on predisaster essential indicators should be available and used in combination with post-SOD information to better adapt humanitarian relief and funding according to needs. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:251-256)
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Langmore, John, and Ashley McLachlan-Bent. "A Crime against Humanity? Implications and Prospects of the Responsibility to Protect in the Wake of Cyclone Nargis." Global Responsibility to Protect 3, no. 1 (2011): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187598411x549477.
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AbstractIn May 2008 Cyclone Nargis created significant international debate when the ruling military regime in Myanmar refused to allow international relief supplies and specialists into the country. The discussion that followed included invoking the principle of Responsibility to Protect as a way of forcing the regime to accept international assistance. This proposal caused sharp division amongst governments, relief agencies, journalists and citizens. The regime's shocking refusal to accept assistance constituted a crime against humanity and, as such, deserved consideration as an R2P situation. The damage which military action involves was severely underestimated by those proposing it and although the situation following Nargis clearly met the threshold criteria, permitting coercive intervention, the precautionary principles were not satisfied, thus making coercive intervention under R2P impermissible. The involvement of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) following Nargis facilitated entry of disaster assessment teams and some aid into Myanmar. In light of Myanmar's fear of intervention in its affairs, the international community should have used R2P to frame a response and worked with ASEAN from the outset to pressure the regime to respond to the disaster more effectively.
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Reilly, M. "(A292) Disaster Assessment and Gathering Medical Intelligence Following a Major Public Health or Complex Humanitarian Emergency." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002767.
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IntroductionImmediately following a major public health emergency or complex humanitarian emergency such as the South East Asian Tsunami in 2004, the Haitian Earthquake in 2010 or Hurricane Katrina in 2005, there is a critical need to rapidly and as accurately as possible gather information not limited to morbidity and mortality, but necessary to assess the stability and existence of a public health or medical infrastructure, logistic supply chain, condition of food, water and shelter for victims and rescue workers, and particularly the security and stability of the region following the incident. With this information, only then can an effective humanitarian response be planned and executed that meets the actual versus perceived needs of an affected population.MethodsSpecific disaster risk assessment and medical intelligence techniques will be presented that are currently used by a variety of relief organizations. Specific topics of discussion include: Disaster epidemiology; Indicators of health in populations; Systems of surveillance; Impact of weather and climate; Displaced populations and refugee health; Tactical and combat medical intelligence; Zoonotic diseases; Agricultural trends and food security; Public health and health system infrastructure assessment; and Personal and physical security concerns.ConclusionsUtilizing case reports, best-practices and lessons learned from numerous international humanitarian responses, this session will guide participants though the performance of a rapid disaster assessment and the gathering of critical medical intelligence to determine the kinds and types of resources needed in an affected area. And the process of utilizing limited information to plan humanitarian relief efforts.
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Faulk, Jeanette F., and Marsha A. Hanly. "Tales From the Sea: Critical Care Nurses Serving Aboard the USNS Comfort and USNS Mercy." Critical Care Nurse 33, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2013584.
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During the springs and summers of 2009 to 2012, military and nongovernment organization nurses served side by side on hospital ships USNS Comfort and USNS Mercy to offer free humanitarian clinical services to developing nations in Central and South America and Southeast Asia. Translators were engaged to facilitate communication on shore and off. Host nation patients came on board for prearranged surgery and then were returned to land within a few days for follow-up care with local clinicians. Nurses had opportunities to go onshore to assist in clinics, teach as subject matter experts, or participate in construction/remodeling projects. Weather and other environmental conditions influenced the availability and services of the ships, which could also be deployed to provide support for global disaster relief. Professional and personal preparedness and flexibility were essential for operational effectiveness. The authors, both critical care nurses, learned many lessons in teamwork, education, and life at sea. Readers are encouraged to consider the challenges, hard work, and vast rewards of hospital ship service.
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Oliver, Julien, Ole Larsen, Mads Rasmussen, Erickson Lanuza, and Avinash Chakravarthy. "Understanding Flood Risks for Better Planning and Resilience: Novel Stochastic Models and Methods for South-East Asia." Journal of Disaster Research 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 308–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0308.
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Throughout history, human beings have been attracted to waterfront living. Today, most residents live in cities, most of which, in turn, are built on flood plains and in coastal areas – areas often threatened by floods. Physical changes to the environment have changed the response of catchments and rivers to heavy rainfall. Despite attempts to control the size of floods, economic growth – especially as experienced in Asia – has led to an explosion in exposure to floods. The most integrated, cost-effective method for disaster reduction and prevention requires that risk be assessed purposefully and adequately. Disaster risk is captured in two major components: occurrence probability and event intensity and reach, and its consequences. Understanding the risks associated with floods in Asia has been hindered by the complexity of flood dynamics in large river basins and in existing or unreliable datasets. With calculation power increasingly available, the development of flexible modeling systems and the appearance of new datasets, so-called probabilistic flood models can now be developed for large areas to quantify risks. A flexible modeling framework has been developed at DHI to better characterize flood plains and complex hydraulic systems in datapoor and highly exposed areas in Asia. The model relies on automated processes merging freely available datasets such as HydroSHEDS, WorldPop, crowd-sourced data available in OpenStreet Map and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery. The combination of spatial data sources provides opportunities to optimize the hydrodynamic model domain and to improve the lowresolution digital elevation model. Such methods enhance flood hazard information conventionally derived from deterministic models by taking a full probabilistic approach considering source loading conditions, e.g., weather events and sea level rise, and the performance of existing and planned mitigation measures and failures of control structures such as dykes. With risks better quantified, new opportunities arise for cost-effective mitigation and resilience measures and for the development of novel risk transfer schemes through the use of insurance and capital markets.
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Disén, Kira, and Peggi L. Clouston. "BUILDING WITH BAMBOO: A REVIEW OF CULM CONNECTION TECHNOLOGY." Journal of Green Building 8, no. 4 (September 2013): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.8.4.83.
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Interest in the engineering performance of bamboo is on the rise primarily due to its rapid regenerative qualities and high strength-to-weight ratio. It has been a standard, sustainable building material for thousands of years in Asia and South America, where it grows naturally. Although there are many examples of magnificent bamboo structures, standards and documentation on safe and reliable bamboo design are scarce, particularly for connection design. Traditional connections involve friction-tight lashings (eg. ropes and cords of dried grasses) and pin-and-socket connections such as dowels and pegs, but more recent advances have involved integration with steel hardware and concrete. This paper presents bamboo as a feasible alternative building material and presents a review of past, current and emerging technologies to join hollow bamboo culms in structural applications. The paper's intent is to give an overview of the current state of bamboo connection technology and to promote developments in the emerging field of bamboo engineering. Recent technological advances and visionary architects have proven that it is possible to create safe structures that are not only sustainable but have tremendous potential for use in disaster relief and quick-build scenarios.
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Pizzarello, Louis D. "Preventable Blindness in Disasters: Visual Status Among Indochinese Refugees." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 383–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045210.
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A survey conducted among Indochinese refugees in Thailand in 1979, revealed significant levels of Vitamin A deficiency blindness (xerophthalmia). A Vitamin A supplementation program for children was implemented. Recent events in South East Asia have resulted in the mass movements of thousands of Kampucheans. These people underwent extreme deprivation for several years before migrating in large numbers to the Thai-Kampuchean border and later into Thailand. This massive influx of starving and ill men, women and children stimulated a large international relief effort aimed at providing food, shelter and health care. Under the supervision of the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, several holding centers or camps were established within Thailand.Early reports indicated severe problems with malnutrition among the children reaching these areas. Since these malnourished children were susceptible to a blinding affliction, xerophthalmia, Helen Keller International, a voluntary agency long interested in the disease, became alarmed. I was dispatched as a consultant public health ophthalmologist to the holding center for an on-site investigation.
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Stokke, Kristian, Olle Törnquist, and Gyda Marås Sindre. "Conflict Resolution and Democratisation in the Aftermath of the 2004 Tsunami: A Comparative Study of Aceh and Sri Lanka." PCD Journal 1, no. 1-2 (June 6, 2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/pcd.25670.
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The earthquake off the west coast of Sumatra on 26 December 2004 unleashed a tsunami in the Indian Ocean that affected more than a dozen countries throughout South and Southeast Asia and stretched as far as the northeastern coast of Africa. The two worst affected areas - North-East Sri Lanka and the Aceh region in Indonesia - have both been marked by protracted intra-state armed conflicts. In the immediate aftermath of the tsunami, international journalists and humanitarian actors argued that the disaster could actually constitute and opportunity for conflict resolution, as the scale and urgency of humanitarian needs should bring the protagonists together in joint efforts for relief, reconstruction and conflict resolution. In contrast, research on the impacts of natural disasters often concludes that disasters tend to deepen rather than resolve conflicts. Four years after the tsunami it can be observed that Aceh and North-East Sri Lanka have followed highly divergent trajectories. In Aceh, a Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Indonesia and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) was signed shortly after the tsunami and has been followed by peace and a process od political integration into Indonesian democracy. In Sri Lanka, the tsunami created a humanitarian pause from the gradual escalation of hostilities and an attempt to create a joint mechanism between the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL) and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for handling humanitarian aid, but Sri Lanka has since the returned to full-scale warfare between the GOSL and LTTE. This brief article, which is based on work in progress, will highlight some key lessons and preliminary conclusions for each of these research quetions: (1) How and to what extent has reconstruction/development been linked to processes of conflict resolution and rights based democratization?; (2) How and to what extent has a process of rights based democratization been related to the parallel processes of revonstruction/development and conflict resolution?; (3) How and to what extent have the parallel processes of reconstruction/development, conflict resolution and democratization generated political transformations of the armed insurgency movements?
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Callister, Lynn Clark. "Disaster Relief in Asia." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 35, no. 6 (November 2010): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmc.0b013e3181f07405.
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Simm, Gabrielle. "Disaster Militarism? Military Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 22, no. 1 (October 7, 2019): 347–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_022001014.
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Military assets, which include personnel, make an important contribution to disaster relief. However, military deployments can be politically sensitive, and the relevant international law is contested and not binding. This article compares two sets of UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) Guidelines on this issue. The 2007 Oslo Guidelines1 state that military assets should be used in disaster relief only as a last resort, while the 2014 Asia-Pacific Regional Guidelines2 acknowledge that military assets are often the first to respond to disasters in the region. Drawing on examples primarily from Asia, this article explores the apparent conflict between these two UN Guidelines and asks two questions about the deployment of foreign military assets in disaster relief. First, to what extent does international law authorize or limit the deployment of foreign military assets in disaster relief? Second, what are the politics of deploying military assets in disaster relief? This article argues that, rather than representing a global standard, the Oslo Guidelines better reflect European practice within Europe, while the Asia-Pacific Regional Guidelines are more representative of practice worldwide. It concludes that the type of military aid provided is key to its compliance with international law and its political acceptance.
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Duerst, Donna J. "Service Learning Through Disaster Relief." Journal of Youth Development 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2010.220.
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The Rock County 4-H Disaster Relief Committee raised $1,550 to aid tsunami victims in Sri Lanka and then turned its attention to Hurricane Katrina relief efforts. Thirty-one 4-H youth participated in a service learning trip to the South with the objectives of helping hurricane victims, learning about new cultures and achieving personal growth during three days of service projects in Louisiana and Mississippi. Their written reflections and other evaluative measures revealed they learned about southern culture, gained a greater appreciation for their lives, gained self confidence and developed a desire to help others more often. The trip was a valuable developmental experience for the youth, and information from the trip could be utilized to create similar experiences based on service learning. This article provides an overview of the trip and describes the evaluation methods used to measure learning and assess personal growth.
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Ofrin, Roderico, and S. R. Salunke. "Disaster preparedness in the South East Asia region." International Review of Psychiatry 18, no. 6 (January 2006): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540260601129255.
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Cho, Hongje, and Sangjung Park. "Establishment of MILITARY Cooperative System for Disaster Relief in Northeast Asia." J-Institute 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/terrorism.2021.6.2.09.
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Syaban, Mohammad. "Kepemerintahan Bencana (Disaster Governance) Asia Tenggara." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 3, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.3.1.51-73.2014.
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This research describes the model of disaster governance in Southeast Asia through the Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN) framework as the regional organization. Through ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) and supported by ASEAN Social Culture and Political Security Community approaches AADMER involves inter-sectors actors (ASEAN, Dialogue Partner Countries and Civil Society Organizations) as the specific effort in order to support regional disaster management cooperation. South East Asia as the vulnerable region has strategic and integrated regional policies as the effort to minimize disaster risk factors. This research is using descriptive-analytical approach as the tool of analysis and supported with secondary data for the methological approaches. The focus of this research is to discovering a model of disaster governance in Southeast Asia region through collaboration from ASEAN, Dialogue Partner Countries (represented by ASEAN Regional Forum Cooperation and ASEAN Defense Minister Meeting Plus) and Civil Society Organization. ASEAN has been developed disaster governance by the utilization of AADMER as the policy foundation, maximize the involvement of non-state actor completed with extensive network through involved civil and military cooperation which demonstrate pluracentric rather than unicentric approach and governing without government process describe the model of disaster management cooperation in region. The model assists to explain pattern, characteristic and meaning of regional disaster governance in South East Asia that associated to neoliberlism institutionalism about institution existence and completed the explanation about international cooperation execution.
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Lane, Jan-Erik. "South, South East and East Asia: Economic Miracle but Environmental Disaster." Sustainability in Environment 2, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v2n1p1.
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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change-unfccc—appears to run into difficulties at<br />the same time as it is holding its CO22 meeting in Morocco. The COP21 Agreement in Paris 2015 was<br />merely a promise and no implementation has taken place. Now, the US under a new president could<br />engage in the classical collective choice strategy of reneging. Coordination failures would make global<br />warming all but certain, which constitutes an enormous NEGATIVE for the Asian miracle economies. If<br />temperature rises > 4 degrees in the equator areas of Asia, then work, affluence, health, food as well as<br />land and sea will be very badly affected.
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Popa, Ioan-Dan. "Some Considerations on SEEDRO (South Eastern Europe Disaster Relief Operations) Concept." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, no. 1 (June 20, 2017): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0041.
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Abstract SEEDRO (South Eastern Europe Disaster Relief Operations) Concept was approved on 21st October 2009 during SEDM Ministerial Meeting in Sofia and open the way for SEEBRIG to be engaged not only in PSOs (Peace Support Operations) but also in DROs (Disaster Relief Operations). In this paper, I present some considerations about the importance of this concept for SEEBRIG (South Eastern Europe Brigade), the main activities developed related to this concept and what should be the way ahead in the evolution SEEDRO Concept
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Lee, Vernon J., and Edwin Low. "Coordination and Resource Maximization during Disaster Relief Efforts." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, S1 (February 2006): S8—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00015818.
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AbstractIntroduction:In the aftermath of the Earthquake and Tsunami in Southeast Asia, many relief organizations sent medical aid to affected areas.Objective:The aim of this paper is to examine the mix of healthcare workers resulting from an influx of aid to Meulaboh, Indonesia, and how they met local healthcare needs.Methods:Data were collected from the registration center for relief organizations in Meulaboh and daily hospital meetings on healthcare needs and available workers.Results:Prior to the Tsunami, there were 14 doctors and 120 nurses in the hospital. By the third week after the Tsunami, there were 21 surgeons performing 10 surgeries daily, and >20 non-surgical doctors in the 90-bed hospital. There were <70 nurses available during the month after the Tsunami, which was insufficient for the needs of the hospital. In the town of Meulaboh, the number of doctors exceeded the number of nurses, while public health workers comprised <5% of the healthcare workers.Conclusion:An initial disaster-coordinating agency, formed by the United Nations (United Nations) in conjunction with affected countries, should link actively with relief organizations. This will optimize help in meeting local needs, and direct relief to where it is needed most.
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Chan, E. Y. Y., S. Y. Wong, S. M. Griffiths, and C. A. Graham. "(A24) An Disaster Education Framework to Bridge Natural Disaster Medical Response and Primary Care Development in Developing Countries." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000379.
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IntroductionNatural disasters cannot be prevented but their human impact can be mitigated. Effective medical and public health mitigation and responses require multidisciplinary efforts and appropriate training. Whilst Asia is currently ranked as the most natural disaster prone area globally, limited disaster medical and public health response training opportunities are available in the region. Our paper reports efforts to identify the training gaps and ways to fill them to prepare frontline practitioners and academic researchers in disaster and medical humanitarian emergency relief efforts in Asia.MethodsGrounded on the disciplinary principles of academic training in public health, emergency & disaster medicine and primary care, our paper reviews the current disaster related academic training offered in these disciplines and maps out the training and knowledge gaps in disaster mitigation and response for frontline practitioners and academic researchers. We suggest ways to fill such gaps.ResultsA two-dimensional (clinical versus non-clinical), three-tier education training framework (Entrant level, Continuous medical education needs and Expertise level) is developed. Experiences and key training needs in Asia are highlighted.ConclusionThe proposed framework identifies areas for comprehensive training for medical and public health practitioners who are interested to engage in medical disaster relief. The proposed framework also aims to strengthen mitigation and response capacities in health systems.
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Boswell, Roger W., and William Fred Lamar. "Undergraduate Disaster Relief Missions: The Depauw University Experience." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 3 (1985): 289–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065870.
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AbstractDePauw University operates yearly mission projects in disaster areas of Central and South America. Since 1976, 26 missions in 8 countries have been conducted. With the guidance of international health and engineering professionals, over 500 undergraduate student volunteers have managed the planning, execution, and outcome review aspects of the projects. This paper examines and summarizes the work to date, emphasizing the vital interactions between volunteers and the local health communities. We conclude that ongoing disaster relief projects such as ours serve a useful purpose in the delivery of disaster relief services.
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Rowlands, Allison. "Personal Services Assistance after the Sydney Floods of August 1986." Children Australia 12, no. 3 (1987): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000014223.
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In New South Wales, the State Disaster Welfare Plan provides the structure for disaster relief and the co-ordination of both government and non-government bodies. The plan provides for a Personal Services and Welfare Information subcommittee in each regional or local area, responsible for assistance to individuals, groups and communities. This can be of a personal (e.g. counselling, referral) and information (e.g. dissemination, publicity, meetings) nature. Separate subcommittees are responsible for accommodation, clothing, catering and registration in the immediate post-disaster phase.The New South Wales Government also provides assistance to families who have suffered material losses in bushfires or floods, though a Relief Scheme, administered by the Department of Youth and Community Services and the Bushfire/Flood Relief Committee. The department is divided into ten regions throughout the state.
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Sung, Gihwan, Yongsang Kim, and Sunwoong Yoo. "A Study on the Improvement of the Disaster Relief Donation System." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 21, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2021.21.3.61.
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This study discussed the need for restructuring the disaster relief fundraising system in South Korea. To that end, it examined the management system and characteristics of disaster relief donations. In addition, the study drew implications by comparing domestic and overseas disaster relief donation systems and analyzing important precedents related to disaster relief donations. The analysis revealed that the domestic disaster relief fundraising system is based on the classification of disasters into natural and social disasters, which the study contended is not suitable in the current scenario given the recent trend of large and complex disasters. Overseas disaster donation systems were not found to be based on such a dual classification. Moreover, it was confirmed that various forms of support were being provided to revitalize donations overseas. It may also be unconstitutional for donations to be based on such a classification because the system violates the basic spirit of the Constitution by limiting the right to freedom and pursuit of happiness of donors and charitable organizations participating in disaster relief funding. Historical changes in the donation law have changed the orientation from regulation to promotion of a donation system with a mature donation culture. In this context, the following proposals were made to improve the domestic disaster relief donation system. First, the study recommended the unification of the donation system for natural and social disasters in light of the occurrence of multiple disasters. Second, it advocated a transition away from the current system of monopolistic fund management in order to revitalize various disaster relief fundraising institutions.
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Mitter, Rana. "State-Building after Disaster: Jiang Tingfu and the Reconstruction of Post-World War II China, 1943–1949." Comparative Studies in Society and History 61, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 176–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417518000531.
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AbstractPost-World War II reconstruction in Europe and Asia is a topic of growing interest, but relatively little attention has been paid to the relief and rehabilitation effort in China in the immediate post-1945 period. This article reassesses the postwar program implemented by the Chinese Nationalist (Guomindang) government and the UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), not just in terms of humanitarian relief, but also as part of a process that led to new thinking about the nature of the postwar state in Asia. It focuses on the ideas and actions of Jiang Tingfu (T. F. Tsiang), head of the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration that worked with UNRRA. Chinese ideas for reconstruction in China were simultaneously statist, international, and transnational, and were shaped by high modern ideas drawn from Soviet and American examples. They were also influenced by China's poverty and wartime vulnerability, which made locally directed solutions more relevant in areas such as public hygiene. Success was unlikely because of the incipient Chinese Civil War and the huge demands of reconstruction on a state that was near-destitute, with a destroyed infrastructure. Nonetheless, its characteristics still bear examination as a first, tentative chapter in a longer story of post-imperialist and Cold War state-building that would shape countries in Asia and beyond.
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Ahn, Deogsang, John Bradford, James Newberry, and Harold Wescott. "The Case for Establishing a Civil-Military Disaster-Relief Hub in Northeast Asia." Asia Policy 14, no. 1 (2012): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asp.2012.0021.
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Armagan, Erol, Zulfi Engindeniz, Ali Onder Devay, Bulent Erdur, and Alis Ozcakir. "Frequency of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Relief Force Workers after the Tsunami in Asia: Do Rescuers Become Victims?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, no. 3 (June 2006): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00003630.
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AbstractObjective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the participants of the Turkish Red Crescent Disaster Relief Team after the Tsunami in Asia.Methods:The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-1 (CAPS-1) was administered to 33 of 36 team members one month after their Disaster Relief Team duty. Along with the CAPS-1 interview, demographic features, profession, previous professional experience, previous experience with traumatic events and disasters also were recorded. To be classified as present, a symptom must have a frequency score of “1” and an intensity score of “2” at the CAPS-1 interview. For a diagnosis of PTSD, at least one re-experiencing, three avoidance and numbing, and two increased arousal symptoms should be present.Results:The PTSD was diagnosed in eight of the 33 (24.2%) participants. No significant difference was detected in the distribution of PTSD diagnosis according to gender, age, profession, professional experience, previous disaster experience, and/or previous experience of traumatic events. However, the severity of PTSD symptoms as measured by the CAPS-1 score was significantly higher in women, nurses, and participants with <3 previous disaster duty experiences.Conclusion:Post-traumatic stress disorder is prevalent within disaster teams and healthcare workers, and measures should be taken to prevent PTSD within this group.
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Meharg, Andrew A. "Arsenic in rice – understanding a new disaster for South-East Asia." Trends in Plant Science 9, no. 9 (September 2004): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2004.07.002.
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Hochrainer-Stigler, Stefan, Rakhi B. Sharma, and Reinhard Mechler. "Disaster Microinsurance for Pro-Poor Risk Management: Evidence from South Asia." Journal of Integrated Disaster Risk Management 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5595/idrim.2012.0033.
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Masood, Zara, Imelda K. Moise, Vera Spika, and Jyotika Ramaprasad. "Health interventions implemented in post-disaster South Asia: A scoping review." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 63 (September 2021): 102419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102419.
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Gonzalez, BSc, Anthony R., and Samuel H. Amber, PhD. "Recent field experiments with commercial satellite imagery direct downlink." Journal of Emergency Management 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2017.0313.
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US Pacific Command's strategy includes assistance to United States government relief agencies and nongovernment organizations during humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations in the Asia-Pacific region. Situational awareness during these operations is enhanced by broad interagency access to unclassified commercial satellite imagery. The Remote Ground Terminal—a mobile satellite downlink ground station—has undergone several technology demonstrations and participated in an overseas deployment exercise focused on a natural disaster scenario. This ground station has received new commercial imagery within 20 minutes, hastening a normally days-long process. The Army Geospatial Center continues to manage technology development and product improvement for the Remote Ground Terminal. Furthermore, this ground station is now on a technology transition path into the Distributed Common Ground System-Army program of record.
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Tann, Tracey. "When the desert floods: Military relief work, attributing clean-up responsibility, and future helping intentions following the Katherine flood." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (1999): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000638.
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AbstractAttribution theory has seldom been applied to assess the impact of community disaster relief work on military personnel, despite a clear prediction from Actor-Observer theory that direct experience of the community's environment will increase helpers' motivation to help in future crises. In the wake of the Northern Territory's Katherine River Flood in January 1998, 31 Royal Australian Army relief workers and 21 army personnel not posted to relief work attributed responsibility for cleaning-up homes, shops and businesses in the recently flood-affected South Pacific communities of Katherine, Townsville, and the Cook Islands. Direct experience of disaster relief work was not associated with any systematic differences in dispositional or situational attributions, although the latter were generally linked to intention to help in future crises. Occasional rumours of negative critical incidents with the local community, although rare considering the magnitude of the relief effort, may have partly coloured the experience of seeing the tragedy first-hand, which would suggest a need to research the Negative Information Bias and the psychology of rumour in future disaster recovery projects.
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Chakrabarti, Nirmal Kanti. "Book review: Amita Singh, Disaster Law: Emerging Thresholds." Indian Journal of Public Administration 65, no. 4 (December 2019): 951–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119882161.
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Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P., C. Sunitha Srinivas, Roman Tandlich, Desmond M. Pyle, and Rene Oosthuizen. "Participatory Multi-Stakeholder Platforms in Disaster Management in South Africa." Journal of Disaster Research 12, no. 6 (November 29, 2017): 1192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2017.p1192.
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South Africa is a country that is prone to droughts, earthquakes and other disasters. In this environment, non-governmental stakeholders often provide a substantial part of the relief in affected areas. Non-governmental stakeholders have the experience needed to address the various disaster management challenges currently facing South Africa. This is especially true in the context of local disasters. Therefore an attempt is made in this report to investigate the relevant legal framework, which allows for the formalization of the involvement of non-governmental stakeholders in official disaster management activities in South Africa. Parts of the basic disaster management legislation, i.e. the Disaster Management Act no. 57/2002, contain definitions and requirements for the establishment of the relevant multi-stakeholder crisis management platforms, i.e. the “disaster management advisory forums.” This legislation is analysed in relation to the Hyogo Framework for Action and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Disaster management systems from two cities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, i.e. Knysna and Cape Town, were identified as models for the potential practical execution of these multi-stakeholder platforms at the local government level. Importance of additional aspects of the legal framework, e.g. the role of traditional leaders, are also outlined.
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Naser, Waheeb Nasr, Pier Luigi Ingrassia, Salem Aladhrae, and Wegdan Ali Abdulraheem. "A Study of Hospital Disaster Preparedness in South Yemen." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 2 (February 19, 2018): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000158.
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AbstractIntroductionDespite emphasis by disaster experts on the importance of disaster preparedness, disaster management in Yemen has attracted only a little attention. Most of the efforts have focused on post-disaster relief activities rather than the pre-disaster preparedness and risk reduction. Hospitals have a crucial role in emergency response and should be prepared. Thus, the aim of this study was intended to assess the hospital preparedness of Aden Capital, South Yemen against disasters.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2016. The sample was all Aden City facilities with a total number of 10 hospitals: five public and five private hospitals. A survey was done by using the World Health Organization (WHO; Geneva, Switzerland) standards checklist 2011.ResultsThe overall preparedness of Aden City hospitals to disasters fell at the unacceptable level of readiness, with an average mean of 46.6 (SD = 38.31; range 24-82). Of 10 hospitals, two ranked insufficient while eight hospitals were at unacceptable levels of preparedness.ConclusionAll hospitals were noted grossly unprepared for potential disasters. Therefore, it is recommended that greater efforts be invested in creating a comprehensive strategy and national or local guidelines to establish an emergency management system based on the anticipated hazard and the needed resources.NaserWN, IngrassiaPL, AladhraeS, AbdulraheemWA. A study of hospital disaster preparedness in South Yemen. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):133–138.
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Middleton, M. "Pacific Partnership 18." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 105, no. 1 (2019): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-105-2.
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AbstractIn March 2018, a team of five UK Defence Medical Service (DMS) personnel deployed to Hawaii in order to take part in the US Navy-led PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP (PP18) mission. This was the third deployment of UK DMS personnel to this annual humanitarian and disaster relief preparedness mission and further supported a shift in focus into the Indo-Asia-Pacific Region.
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Heersink, Boris, Brenton D. Peterson, and Jeffery A. Jenkins. "Disasters and Elections: Estimating the Net Effect of Damage and Relief in Historical Perspective." Political Analysis 25, no. 2 (April 2017): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pan.2017.7.
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Do natural disasters help or hurt politicians’ electoral fortunes? Research on this question has produced conflicting results. Achen and Bartels (2002, 2016) find that voters punish incumbent politicians indiscriminately after such disasters. Other studies find that voters incorporate the quality of relief efforts by elected officials. We argue that results in this literature may be driven, in part, by a focus on contemporary cases of disaster and relief. In contrast, we study a case of catastrophic flooding in the American South in 1927, in which disaster aid was broadly and fairly distributed and Herbert Hoover (the 1928 Republican presidential candidate) was personally responsible for overseeing the relief efforts. Despite the distribution of unprecedented levels of disaster aid, we find that voters punished Hoover at the polls: in affected counties, Hoover’s vote share decreased by more than 10 percentage points. Our results are robust to the use of synthetic control methods and suggest that—even if voters distinguish between low- and high-quality responses—the aggregate effect of this disaster remains broadly negative. Our findings provide some support for Achen and Bartels’ idea of blind retrospection, but also generate questions about the precise mechanisms by which damage and relief affect vote choice.
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Mavrodieva, Aleksandrina V., and Rajib Shaw. "Enabling Private Sector Engagement in Disaster Resilience in South and East Asia." Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy 10, no. 4 (July 17, 2019): 466–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12175.
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Singgih, Emanuel Gerrit. "Different Views of Nature, Ecological and Disaster Mitigation Policies in South-East Asia." Exchange 43, no. 3 (September 3, 2014): 237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341326.
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Official ecological and disaster mitigation policies in South-East Asia are often experienced by the local people who live close to nature as being detrimental to their well-being and future. It can be seen in the experiences of the Karen people in the highlands of Thailand, the gunung Balak people in South Sumatra and the people who live in the surroundings of the Merapi volcano in Central Java. The policies are usually based on Western or modern construction of nature, which excludes human beings from nature. To save nature means to save it from the reach of human beings. Modern disaster mitigation also starts from the same assumption. As successful mitigation policy must reduce risk to the minimum, it always ends in eviction and resettlement. This is different from the traditional construction of nature, which includes human beings as part of nature. The way of life of those who live in the areas which are designated as “protected forest or wilderness” never endangers the continuation of nature, as the end of nature means the end of human beings as part of nature. Natural disasters are not seen in the same way as in the Western model, where human beings must prevail against nature and no risk is taken. Natural disasters are dangerous, but they are part of the cycle of life, and in life people have to take risks. So it is a clash between different worldviews. Here it is proposed that a dialogue between these different worldviews should be taken, and perhaps Christian communities who live close to nature can contribute theologically to the development of a Christian theology of creation, which does not place in antithesis, nature and human beings, and even nature and God.
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Nishimura, Hiroaki, Ichiro Kagara, Satoru Inokuchi, Hideki Enokida, Hiroshi Hayami, and Masayuki Nakagawa. "Local Dialysis Disaster Relief During Two Torrential Downpours on Amami-Ohshima Island." Journal of Disaster Research 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2014.p0086.
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Two torrential downpours hit Amami-Ohshima Island in 2010 and 2011 and affected the administration of chronic dialysis treatments. The 2010 Amami Torrential Downpour in particular created communication and transportation breakdown. The communication blackout, which affected the emergency communication system of the local administrative damage control organization, hindered contact between dialysis centers and patients. The disrupted patient transfer system forced local and national government to take emergency measures and provide rescue services. The 2011 Amami South Area Torrential Downpour caused similar problems. The reallocation of patients and the adaptation of dialysis schedules appeared to solve the transportation problems. The use of a satellite phone was suggested to resolve the communication problem. New psychiatric complications were also identified. Local dialysis disaster relief should be established in advance in disaster-prone areas. Lessons learned from various disasters should translate into better preparedness.
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Robinson, Lilian J., and Hong Yu (Andrew) Su. "Mental health promotion in the wake of natural disaster." University of Western Ontario Medical Journal 86, no. 1 (August 29, 2017): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/uwomj.v86i1.2153.
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Significant psychological trauma to victims is an unavoidable by-product of severe natural disasters, and Hurricane Matthew is no exception. Making landfall on the 4th of October 2016, it swept across Haiti and eastern Cuba before reaching coastal regions of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. Despite Matthew’s far-reaching impact, it was in Haiti where the Category Four hurricane made its greatest mark. Infrastructure damage led to water contamination and cholera outbreaks, sparking major concern amongst the World Health Organization and Haitian Ministry of Health. Consequently, physical health impact related to cholera control through clean water access was prioritized over psychological repercussions. In this article, we aim to provide recommendations for local organizations to deliver effectively psychological intervention to Haitian victims of Matthew. We focused on Global Trauma Research, one of few humanitarian agencies with an established framework for implementing psychological trauma relief efforts, and wish to use it as the basis of our suggestions. In order to do so, we chose to review mental health promotion in the context of a relevant historical precedent, Hurricane Katrina. We uncovered a two-pronged approach taken by Hurricane Katrina responders: identification of at-risk groups followed by provision of targeted-relief efforts, and widespread delivery of care to all affected populations, with an emphasis on community reintegration. Based on these general principles, we recommend that Global Trauma Research identify groups at risk of long-term emotional disturbance, provide relief in a targeted fashion on the basis of relative need, and place emphasis on Haitian citizen support through relocation and community integration.
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Mall, Rajesh K., Ravindra K. Srivastava, Tirthankar Banerjee, Om Prakash Mishra, Diva Bhatt, and Geetika Sonkar. "Disaster Risk Reduction Including Climate Change Adaptation Over South Asia: Challenges and Ways Forward." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 10, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-018-0210-9.
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Eyre, Anne. "Disaster Management in South-East Asia: Emergency Response and Planning in the Coming Millennium." Risk Management 1, no. 2 (April 1999): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rm.8240024.
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Souffrant, Eddy. "Some Approaches to an Ethics for Disaster." Philosophy in the Contemporary World 25, no. 2 (2019): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pcw201925217.
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We have witnessed, and in some instance from afar, disasters of all sorts that span the globe from the Caribbean, South and North America, Asia, to Australia and other affected regions of the world. Some of these destabilizing and at times fatal events have resulted in lives lost, forced migration, and a restructuring of the physical, social and economic architecture of the affected parts of the globe. Further, the disasters as massive restructuring of the physical and psychological status quo are at times human made and at others, natural.