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Journal articles on the topic 'Disasters India'
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Kumar, Arvind. "A Commentary on Corporate Social Responsibility and Natural Disasters in India." Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation 13, no. 3-4 (September 2017): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319510x18776397.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of top 100 Indian companies in natural disasters and identify best practices of corporations in India. Results are derived from secondary data collected from websites, newsletters and annual reports of the companies. Three natural disasters were taken for the study from the year 2013–15. It is observed that most of the companies have been engaged in disaster relief activities for social and ethical reasoning. These activities included financial help, stake holder consultation and partnerships with NGOs, non-profit organizations (NPOs) and the government. Corporations also help in disaster management simply by engaging in their regular business. This study analyzes the role of corporations in natural disasters from a corporate social responsibility (CSR) perspective and discusses the possible way of coping with natural disasters by Indian companies. The research findings will be very useful for Indian companies, Confederation of Indian Industries (CII), National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), and Government, after the enactment of Companies Act 2013. It would be very helpful for normalcy of human life and business. It analyses only top 100 Indian company’s contribution. It lacks the reflections of the other countries.
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Sharma, Vinod K. "Disaster Management - Approach and Emerging Strategies in India." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 7, no. 1 (January 2003): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290300700112.
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In India, the colossal loss of life and property, the social and economic disruptions caused by the increasing frequencies and severity of natural disasters has increased awareness on natural disaster management at all levels including political circles. However, the terrorist attack over World Trade Centre in USA and the spread of anthrax fear in its aftermath has shifted our attention towards potential danger of the biological and other manmade disasters. It is in this context that disaster management as an important issue draws attention of various stakeholders in the disaster management community to introspect how prepared we are to tackle this type of disasters. The present paper aims at giving a comprehenvsive account of the disaster management mechanism in our country. It also briefly discusses the efforts made and major challenges and various issues of disaster management in our country. In addition, it gives an account of the emerging strategies in managing future disasters - both natural and manmade. The various aspects covered in this paper will provide valuable inputs to the planners, policy makers, administrators, scholars and other stakeholders.
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Ghosh, Tirthankar. "Historicizing Earthquake and Cyclones: Evolution of Geology and Cyclonology in Colonial India." Indian Historical Review 46, no. 1 (June 2019): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0376983619856136.
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The article elucidates the ideologies behind the colonial policy regarding the mitigation of earthquakes and cyclonic hazards in nineteenth- and twentieth-century India. Colonial encounters with the natural world of the Indian subcontinent had generated much discontent and uneasiness between the rulers and the ruled. There is no doubt that the environmental or natural policies of the colonial state were guided by economic interests, but in the cases of natural disasters like earthquakes and cyclones, these were unleashed in a more critical and dramatic way. The present article intends to critically examine the geological and cyclonological developments in colonial India as part of the disaster mitigation process and thereby explore the colonial attitude towards natural disasters. The economy and politics of disasters had evolved in the course of time in accordance with the shifting interests of colonial rulers. The article does not merely intend to deal with the ‘science’ of the disasters but delves into the historical evolution of geological and cyclonological study in colonial India.
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Sutar, Roshan, Anindo Majumdar, Senthil Amudhan, Parmeshwar Satpathy, and Vijender Singh. "Disaster and Mental Health Preparedness in India: A Scoping Review." Indian Journal of Community Health 34, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.004.
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Background: Disaster and mental health preparedness are inseparable domains highlighted during all the major disasters in India. To build Disaster-Mental health Preparedness (Disaster MHP), one has to understand the existing strategies, systemic efforts, and ground-level implementation. In this scoping review, we have analyzed the mental health preparedness efforts during major disasters in India. Methodology: We followed the Peters MDJ et al framework for scoping review named ‘Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews. This included the searching relevant articles on PubMed and google Scholar, and concept-context of the review. Results: The review identified major efforts taken during ten disasters in past 40 years and mapping of the potential areas for development of sustainable efforts towards Disaster MHP. Conclusion: This is the first systematic scoping review from India that provides insight into strength and sustainability of disaster mental health preparedness in India. The mapping of the review focuses on the models emerged from Bhopal, Odisha, Tamilnadu and NIMHANS for the future infrastructure, capacity building, and environment required for Disaster-MHP in India.
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Patel, Peter, James Kingsland, Virginia Murray, James O’Brien, Annapurna Sen, T. Ramakrishnan, Tausif Thangalvadi, and Robert Russell. "Disaster Medicine for India & Nepal: A Model for Developing Countries." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000517.
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Introduction:Both India and Nepal are prone to a wide range of natural and man-made disasters. Almost 85% of India’s area is vulnerable to one or more hazards, and more than 80% of the total population of Nepal is at risk of natural hazards. In terms of the number of people affected in reported disastrous events, India is in the top 10 and Nepal is in the top 20 globally. Over the last two decades, India and Nepal have taken steps to establish their respective National Disaster Management organizations, which provide essential disaster responses. However, key gaps still remain in trained clinical capacity for managing impacts from various disasters. Our review of the region has shown that large parts of the population suffer injuries, diseases, disabilities, psychosocial, and other health-related problems from disasters.Aim:Develop disaster medicine clinical capacity to reduce morbidities and mortalities from disasters.Methods:Independent published data and work undertaken by the lead author in various disasters in India and Nepal since 1993 formed the basis of establishing the Faculty of Disaster Medicine for South Asia. The Faculty of Disaster Medicine - India and Nepal (FDMIN) was launched from Pune in March 2015. This initiative is supported by the National Association of Primary Care (UK), Public Health England, Faculty of Pre-hospital Care of Royal College of Surgeons - Edinburgh and CRIMEDIM (Novara) - Italy.Discussion:FDMIN has international expert advisors and has outlined 16 modules training curriculum for health care professionals. FDMIN currently has partnerships for teaching disaster medicine program with 3 medical universities and 12 major health care providers. Six pilot training programmes have been conducted in Pune, Delhi, Chennai, and Kochin. Work is underway to submit an application to the Indian regulatory bodies for approval to establish a post-graduate diploma and Master’s for Disaster Medicine.
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Baruah, Mintu, and K. V. S. Kumar. "Management of diabetes during natural emergencies." Journal of Social Health and Diabetes 02, no. 02 (December 2014): 067–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-0656.130788.
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AbstractDisaster preparedness is an important but often a neglected part in the management of chronic disorders. India is facing an epidemic of diabetes and the patients with diabetes are also exposed to the risk of natural disaster along with other members of the society. India faced many disasters in the past including the Bhopal gas leak, Gujarat earthquake and Andaman tsunami. These disasters exposed the lacunae in the disaster preparedness and lead to devastating health consequences. Previous research focused more on the immediate, traumatic aspects of the disasters and neglected the impact on chronic disorders. The experience of managing diabetes after Hurricane Katrina gave important insights into the short and long term consequences of a disaster. Our article provides information about the impact of disasters on diabetes, difficulties in the management and suggested measures at various levels to improve the disaster preparedness.
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Kaur, Trishanjit. "Disaster Management in University Libraries of India and Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries 17 (December 1, 2016): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47657/201617903.
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Natural disasters can strike without warning anytime anywhere anyone. There are different types of disasters. The economic losses caused by these disasters are mainly more expensive for developing countries that are vulnerable to the disasters like India and Pakistan in this case. Different types of libraries including university libraries and museums are priceless storehouses of knowledge, which once lost could be lost forever. Disaster planning needs to be done in university libraries to save the knowledge for future generations. This is true for all types of libraries everywhere. To study the situation of disaster management in university libraries of India and Pakistan literature review will be done. Information from various websites of both the countries will be collected. Regarding information on university libraries in Pakistan emails will be sent to select university librarians to find out whether they have any disaster management plans and similar studies be searched in professional literature. Initial review of literature shows a nearly similar infrastructural planning in both the countries at central and state government level. Disaster management is an ignored subject in Pakistan as stated by leading newspaper Dawn. Very few papers on this subject are available from Pakistan and intensive and exhaustive review of literature can lead to valid conclusion. In India this was an ignored area but after tsunami there has been awareness at all levels. Majority of the university libraries are ignorant about this important aspect of library planning but there are a few where this is being practiced. This study will highlight similarities and gaps between the approaches to disaster management in university libraries of these two neighbouring countries with nearly similar disaster conditions.
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Srinivasa Rao, G., C. M. Bhatt, and P. G. Diwaker. "International Charter Support during Major Flood Disasters in India." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (December 23, 2014): 1501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1501-2014.
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Earth observation (EO) satellites provide near real time, comprehensive, synoptic and multi-temporal coverage of inaccessible areas at frequent intervals, which is required support for a quick response and planning of emergency operations. Owing to their merits, satellite images have become an integral part of disaster management and are being extensively used globally for mapping, monitoring and damage assessment of extreme disaster events. During major disaster, information derived from satellite observation is not only highly useful, it may at times be indispensable because of the unfavourable weather conditions, collapse of communication systems and inaccessibility to the area. Satellite images help in identifying the location of the disaster, its severity and the extent. The International Charter "Space and Major Disasters" has been the major sources of satellite data, in times of catastrophic disasters, due to availability of data from large number of sensors (with 15 organisations as signatories), which can be planned with the required temporal frequency and spectral range to cover a disaster event. During last three years, International Charter has been activated regularly, during major disasters in India. Satellite data from different sensors is obtained and was used for improving the frequency of observations, and extracting detailed information. This is used during floods in Assam (2012), floods in Uttarakhand (2013), cyclone Phailin (2013) and floods in Jammu and Kashmir (2014). The present paper discusses the role of International Charter in effective flood disaster management in India during recent past.
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Kamthan, Dr Manika. "Rule of Law and Natural Disasters in India." Think India 22, no. 3 (September 5, 2019): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8105.
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In India, Kerala witnessed the worst floods of all times in 2018. It left 483 people dead and the destruction caused was more than the annual outlay of Kerala (Economic Times:2018). It left people devastated and scarred for life. Natural disasters of such magnitude violate the principle of “inter-generational equity”. The genesis of sustainable development can be traced back to the principle of “rule of law”. It is based on the fundamental requisite of equality and absence of arbitrary powers. Environmental degradation violates rule of law because it exposes people to risk of natural disasters. Rule of Law is the harbinger of environmental governance. Secretary General of UN defined rule of law as “a principle of governance in which all persons, institutions and entities, public and private, including the State itself, are accountable to laws that are publicly promulgated, equally enforced and independently adjudicated, and which are consistent with international human rights norms and standards” (UNEP: 2015). It also forms the bulwark of SDGs. The 13th SDG of “Climate Action” aims to help the vulnerable countries to adapt to climate change and how disaster risk measures can be integrated into the national strategies (UNDP).Natural disasters not only result in the loss of life and property, it also brings forth the social and economic inequalities exiting in the society. In India various vulnerabilities like caste, gender, poverty are aggravated in the wake of disasters. This calls for the integration of rule of law in disaster management. The violation of environmental laws has the potential to undermine sustainable development which hampers ‘rule of law’. In the proposed paper we try to critically evaluate the upcoming idea of environmental rule of law and appraise its evolution and application in the larger framework of Disaster Law in India.
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Pan, Suprakash. "MORTALITY OF LIGHTNING HAZARD AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN INDIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 08 (August 31, 2022): 912–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15250.
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India is the most disaster - prone country in the world. Nearly 85% geographical area and more than 50 million people of India are in vulnerable state by one or multiple hazard. Lightning, an extreme event, has emerged as a major weather-related hazard with changing climatic conditions of tropical and sub-tropical countries. It is a massive electrostatic discharge caused by the circulation of warm moisture-filled air through unbalanced electric field in the atmosphere, accompanied by the loud sound of thunder. It is hazardous which affects lives, livelihoods and property. Every year more than 2,500 people in our country die due to lightning. In this paper an attempt has been made to analyse the spatio-temporal variations of lightning mortality in Indian context for last five decades. Assessment of lightning-mortality statistics and its comparison with other major natural disasters reveal that lightning ranks number one amongst all natural disasters in India. On the basis of available secondary data, the geographical distribution of lightning incidents along with the States which have the most lightning casualties have been identified in this study. Though lightning is a widespread disaster in India in terms of mortality and losses, but it has drawn a little attention. In this paper, I have tried to highlight the neglected dimensions of disaster compensation acts and rules related to lightning. This is the high time for reorientation of perceptions on disaster insurances, government funding and management for the people affected by lightning. The findings of this study will help such unnoticed and unrecognised problems.
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Sowmya, R., and H. Nagaraj. "The Role of Government in Disaster Management and Risk Reduction in South India." Geo Eye 8, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53989/bu.ge.v8i2.3.
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Disaster management is a systematic response to a disaster. The main approach of the management is assessing disaster risk and taking preventive measures has also become a part of disaster management. In present day’s disaster management has been an important to frequent natural disaster ranging from earthquake, floods, droughts and other disaster management worth wile to be considered. The major types of disaster such as geological, water and climate, biological, nuclear, and industrial disasters etc… The role of government plays an important role in disaster management. Recently India has experienced large number of natural disasters. In recent years natural disaster are also occurs in some southern part of India such as Andhra Pradesh, Telanagana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Natural disaster causes the most damage and consequently the socio-economic conditions of the regions and thus most affected areas will become the most vulnerable regions. It is the responsibility of their governments to maintain all cause nouns and to provide social and economic security to such disaster affected areas. Thus the role of the central Government, the state government and local governance plays a very important role in disaster management and risk reduction planning. Government should have proper plan and financial support for most vulnerable regions. Otherwise those affected areas from natural disasters will be facing many problems and it is difficult to planning and manages the vulnerable situations. Keywords: Disaster management; vulnerable; risk reduction; planning
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Christy, J. K. "(A66) Integration of Psycho-Social Social Support and Mental Health Services in to National Disaster Management Guidelines." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000732.
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Integration of Psycho-social Social Support and Mental Health Services in to National Disaster Management Guidelines India is vulnerable, in varying degrees, to a large number of natural as well as man-made disasters and also a high risk country for disasters due to expanding population, urbanization and industrialisation, development within high-risk zones, environmental degradation and climate changes. The creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in 2005, as the apex body for disaster management, has brought out a paradigm shift in the area of disaster management. One of the important mandate of NDMA is to issue National Disaster Management Guidelines (NDMG) to the ministries/ departments to assist them to formulate their respective Disaster Management (DM) plans. In this direction NDMA has issued number of NDMG on different themes to provide basis of preparation of DM plans at different levels. There are policies & guidelines on Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services (PSSMHS) in disasters at the international level in the form of Inter Agency Standing Committee guidelines (IASC) which advocates PSSMHS in disasters. In India there was no such policy which streamlines the Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services in Disasters. During preparation of various National Disaster Management Guidelines, one remarkable factor noticed was the need for psycho-social care, subsequently preparation of NDMG on Medical Preparedness and Mass Causality Management brought out an overwhelming consensus to formulate a separate NDMG for PSSMHS. In order to translate the critical need for psycho-social care and support into guidelines, NDMA adopted a mission-mode approach for integrating PSSMHS in disaster response by involving participatory and multi step methodology to formulate NDMG on Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services in Disasters.
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Biswakarma, Prakash, Kush Kumar, Varun Joshi, and Deepesh Goyal. "Causes of the triggering of Chamoli glacier burst of 7th February 2021 in Uttarakhand, India." Disaster Advances 14, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/147da6021.
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The Himalaya, the youngest and the tallest folded mountain range of the world, is frequently affected by natural disasters.18 In the form of flash floods, cloudbursts or glacial lake outburst floods, the entire Himalayan region is highly vulnerable to natural hazards. In this context, the State of Uttarakhand of the Indian Himalayan Region has been the most vulnerable one among all the natural disaster-affected states in India.
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Bahinipati, Chandra Sekhar, Umamaheshwaran Rajasekar, Akash Acharya, and Mehul Patel. "Flood-induced Loss and Damage to Textile Industry in Surat City, India." Environment and Urbanization ASIA 8, no. 2 (August 28, 2017): 170–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425317714903.
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Indian coastal cities are susceptible to climate-induced disasters, like cyclonic storms, floods and sea-level rise, all while existing urbanization challenges amplify vulnerability. Enhancing a city’s resilience capacity is a pertinent issue when there are plans to re-develop several of India’s cities into ‘climate-smart’—this needs a comprehensive city-wide loss and damage assessment. For empirical purposes, this study attempts a loss and damage assessment of the textile industry in Surat city, western India to floods. The advantage is that it estimates indirect loss and damage and also considers compensation as a positive externality—mostly ignored by disaster assessment agencies. The results suggest that: (a) an average of 49 days was required to come back to normalcy when the flood water remained for 4 days; (b) most of the labourers out-migrated during post-flood scenario, and hence, shortage of labour was reported as major issue; (c) the mean loss and damage was approximately ₹1.51 million, around 23 per cent of an industry’s total profit, with ₹1 million indirect losses, which reinforces it to be factored into the disaster’s impact cost assessment and (d) owners’ risk perception about potential impacts of future floods is moderate, which may lead to a lack of investment in planned adaptation. Such type of study provides insights into the city’s resilience capacity to future disasters, urging to conduct such analysis across the Indian cities.
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Slettebak, Rune T. "Climate Change, Natural Disasters, and Post-Disaster Unrest in India." India Review 12, no. 4 (October 2013): 260–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14736489.2013.846786.
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Margaret Divya, A. "An Empirical Study on Awareness of Disaster Management among Students and Staff of Various Colleges / Schools (With Special Reference to Madurai City)." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8i2.3307.
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Disaster Management is recently popular in India amid Covid-19 at present. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has been constituted under the Disaster Management Act 2005, with the Prime Minister of India as its Chairman. The Government urged the importance of disaster management strongly and advised all the Academic Staff Colleges to conduct a Refresher Course on disaster management. In this context, it is a need of the hour to analyze the awareness about natural disasters and its management among the teachers and students of higher education. All the world governments are concerned about natural disasters such as Tsunami, Earthquake, Floods, Volcanic eruptions, and strong winds. In 1989, the United Nations General Assembly declared the decade 1990-2000 as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction to reduce the loss of lives and property and restrict socio-economic damage through concerted international actions, especially in developing countries. With the alarming rise in natural disasters and vulnerability, the world community is strengthening its efforts to cope. A questionnaire was administered among the College and School teachers and students, and their answers were analyzed and computed. This study shows that awareness about disaster management should be improved among the teachers and students of higher education. It also reveals that both the students and staff should be given in-service training in general awareness, activities, and administration related to disaster management.
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Divi, Sriram, N. Dorasamy, and Vipul Nakum. "Disaster Management in India: Need for an Integrated Approach." Disaster Advances 15, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1508da060068.
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It is now widely known that the hazards can be natural, but most disasters are ‘human-made’. The failure to properly implement developmental policies and practices with due consideration to disaster risk management is the leading cause of turning a hazard into a disaster.25 This, in return, negatively affects sustainable development which ultimately affects the weakest and the poorest sections of society. Disaster impacts have been felt on a wide range of sectors and sections of the population. They are curbing progress made toward achieving the Sendai Framework targets, and SDGs. Climate and human-induced disaster events have exposed several underlying facets of risks' systemic and cascading nature. There is an urgent need to identify, analyse and better understand the multi-hazard, systemic and cascading nature of the disaster and climate risks, their inter-linkages, and interplay. A holistic understanding of risk is crucial for furthering the priorities of action laid under the Sendai Framework and the envisioned SDGs and ensuring a better, greener, resilient and sustainable society. We have tried to study the disaster management frameworks, plans and policies of 10 countries including India to understand the institutional mechanisms and integration of critical aspects of dual/multi disaster scenarios. When the traditional disasters hit the community following the COVID-19 pandemic, the need arises to have an integrated model that can assisting in the preparation and response to the dual situation simultaneously. Efforts are made to put the experiences into a framework for an integrated approach preparing for dual/multi-disaster scenarios.
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Joseph, J., and S. Jaswal. "(A11) Beyond Illness and Trauma: A Study of the Interface between Disaster Mental Health and Recovery." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s2—s3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000240.
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Today there is adequate research evidence at national and international level regarding the health and mental health consequences of disasters. The realization of the larger impact of mental health on the recovery process has been instrumental in prioritizing mental health and psychosocial well-being of affected populations in recent years. Traditionally the bio medical models were used to understand the disaster mental health outcomes, however over the last two decade a gradual change is visible in the understanding of the mental health and psychosocial consequences of disasters. It is more inclusive of varied expressions of distress and the services to address the same. A review of various disaster mental health research and interventions documented since 2001 reveals that most studies/interventions attempt to list the various mental health problems and psychosocial consequences. There are very few studies which go beyond listing of consequences, to focus on implications of disaster mental health for long term disaster recovery. There is dearth of research based literature on the concept of community trauma, factors contributing to negative emotions and emotional distress/ problems, community response (social and cultural) to disaster mental health issues, long term emotional implications of psychosocial consequences of disasters and the life course of individuals with mental health issues in the long run following disasters. The paper attempts to address the above mentioned issues in the context of 2004 tsunami. The paper is based on a study carried out in India two years after the disaster. A Case study approach was used and 177 case studies were collected from 104 villages in 14 affected districts of three states in India. The paper contributes to understanding the long term implications of disaster mental health for disaster recovery and reiterates the significance of integrating disaster mental health services within humanitarian services.
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Shah, Qurat-ul-Ain, and Shabir A. Bhat. "Disaster Profile of India: A Theoretical Understanding of Regional and Seasonal Perspective." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 6, no. 1 (February 10, 2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v6.n1.p8.
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<em>India’s unique geo-climatic position makes India particularly vulnerable to natural disasters. The regional and seasonal profile of India has been presented in this paper. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate and explain the basic understanding of various natural disasters happening in various parts of India. In this paper regional profile of India is taken into consideration wherein stress has been given on various disasters happening all over the country as per geographical location of the area. Author also explains seasonal profile of India in which focus is given on the various seasons and disasters associated with each seasonal cycle. </em>
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Downey, E., A. Hebert, Chpa, and D. Kim. "(A283) Hospital Security Planning for Patient Surge Incidents: A Comparison of Three National Systems in China, India, and Japan." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s78—s79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002676.
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IntroductionAs the number of disasters caused by natural and non-natural hazards increase, so does the emphasis placed on healthcare security planning for the influx of patients that often accompany such events. This presentation expands on a previously published examination of national healthcare security systems and emphasizes the role of security in the hospital environment during disasters in China, India, and Japan. National emergency preparedness planning systems and disaster type are examined. Elements of planning for a mass-casualty incident (MCI) that most directly impact security planning include mass-notification alert systems, patient routing processes to hospitals (from an MCI scene) and within hospitals (emergency department flow), staffing, disaster triage, patient identification, tracking and discharge, volunteer tracking, and the adaptability and flexibility of space and processes.MethodsResearchers conducted extensive literature reviews of country-specific health care and physical security elements of patient surge. The comparative analysis was augmented by communication with national healthcare security experts.ConclusionsPositive associations exist between increased disasters and the level of priority and funding given to healthcare security measures in disaster planning. National characteristics of governance, landmass, disaster history, and population influenced the development of healthcare security systems and planning for patient surge incidents. Planning for the mental health impact of terrorism victims, and its subsequent impact to patient surge into hospitals was more relevant in the literature for both India and Japan.
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Kamble, RK, Abhinav Walia, and MG Thakare. "Ecosystem Approach To Flood Disaster Risk Reduction." International Journal of Environment 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9209.
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India is one of the ten worst disaster prone countries of the world. The country is prone to disasters due to number of factors; both natural and anthropogenic, including adverse geo-climatic conditions, topographical features, environmental degradation, population growth, urbanisation, industrlisation, non-scientific development practices etc. The factors either in original or by accelerating the intensity and frequency of disasters are responsible for heavy toll of human lives and disrupting the life support systems in the country. India has 40 million hectares of the flood-prone area, on an average, flood affect an area of around 7.5 million hectares per year. Knowledge of environmental systems and processes are key factors in the management of disasters, particularly the hydro-metrological ones. Management of flood risk and disaster is a multi-dimensional affair that calls for interdisciplinary approach. Ecosystem based disaster risk reduction builds on ecosystem management principles, strategies and tools in order to maximise ecosystem services for risk reduction. This perspective takes into account the integration of social and ecological systems, placing people at the centre of decision making. The present paper has been attempted to demonstrate how ecosystem-based approach can help in flood disaster risk reduction. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 70-82 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9209
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E J, Lokesha. "Cloud Based Application for Prediction of Natural Disasters." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (July 15, 2021): 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36414.
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Natural disasters are very dangerous and occurs common throughout the world, Natural disasters often result in injuries, damages and the other physical & mental health effects in India, detection has been one of the most active research in remote sensing today because of saving human life is our priority once a disaster occurred. Disaster leads to a great damage to the society. Artificial Intelligence can be used to analysis the data which can be used in prediction of warning for future events & create awareness for the situation. In Machine learning concept of random forest regression is used so that it can predict accurate result compare to other modules based on the result we have proposed the model for natural disasters detection to early saving life for humans/animals
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Rautela, Piyoosh. "Redefining disaster: need for managing accidents as disasters." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 15, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 799–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09653560610712748.
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PurposeThe cumulative impact of accidents not considered as disasters far surpasses the impact of disasters. Accidents taking toll of human lives and economy are often underreported and go unnoticed and the victims of these incidences are also ill compensated. It is therefore necessary to pay adequate attention to accidents and formulate appropriate policies for giving equal treatment to the victims of these events and also to make efforts for mitigating these. This paper aims to discuss this.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the impact of accidents and attempts to assert that these are a cause of major concern. The database of the disasters (EM‐DAT) of Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), Belgium has been utilised for ascertaining the toll of disasters, while for assessing the cumulative toll of the accidents and disasters database available at departmental web sites (Department of Road Transport and Highways, Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways, Government of India (www.morth.nic.in) and Railway Ministry, Government of India (www.indianrailways.gov.in) together with some other web sites have been used. The two databases have been correlated to establish that the cumulative toll is far more than what is generally perceived to be the toll of the disasters.FindingsBased on the correlation of one event each under the category of natural and man made disasters (landslides, transport accidents) it is concluded that these correlations establish that the toll of accidents is many times more than the disaster events and there exists a pressing need to pay adequate attention towards managing accidents that take heavy toll of the global resources.Research limitations/implicationsAt present there exists no formal and comprehensive database recording the toll of accidents and the study is based on the database compiled from different sources. The paper establishes beyond doubt that the magnitude of the toll of accidents is far more than that of disasters and there exists pressing need for managing accidents.Practical implicationsThis paper would bring forth the importance of managing accidents before the policy makers and initiate advocacy for putting in more resources for managing these events. In the long run the victims would not be differentiated on the basis of the magnitude of the incidents they have faced.Originality/valueThe paper shows the importance of managing major accidents and provides guidance for appropriate changes to be made.
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Kapoor, Neelam. "Role of Media in Disaster Management." Journal of Advance Research in Social Science and Humanities (ISSN: 2208-2387) 1, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 05–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnssh.v1i1.228.
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The media forges a direct link between the public and emergency organizations and plays a very important role in disseminating vital information to the public before, during and after disasters. The media assists in the management of disasters by educating the public about disasters; warningm of hazards; gathering and transmitting information about affected areas; alerting government officials, relief organizations and the public to specific needs; and facilitating discussions about disaster preparedness and response for continuous improvement. To help the media fulfill these roles, direct working relationships between the media and disaster management organizations should be established and maintained. Experience shows that regular interactions with the mediabefore a disaster strikes, aids the effective flow of information and lays the groundwork for effective working relationships in the aftermath of a disaster. 1 The Press Day on November 16, 2000 was observed with the theme of “Role of Media in Disaster Management – Preparing People to Cope with Disasters.” A National Seminar was organised at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, whichwas inaugurated by the President of India. In his inaugural address, the Hon’ble President emphasized the need for disseminating preparedness aspects of disaster management among all sections of society and making special provisions for the more vulnerable sections of the community viz. women and children.
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Rajesh, G., Mithun B. H. Pai, Ramya Shenoy, and Harsh Priya. "Willingness to Participate in Disaster Management Among Indian Dental Graduates." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, no. 5 (August 9, 2012): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12001069.
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AbstractIntroductionIndia has been the focal point of various disasters, and has suffered considerable losses due to the same. Manpower shortage can impede disaster management; hence, including dental professionals in disaster management in India can be crucial.Hypothesis/ProblemTo assess willingness to participate in disaster management among Indian dental graduates; to assess the objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge regarding disaster management among Indian dental graduates.MethodsAll the interns in Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka were included in the present study. Their willingness to participate in disaster management and their objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge related to disaster management were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsA total of 86 study subjects participated. A majority (98.8%) of respondents were willing to participate in disaster management. Mean objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge scores were 48.65%, 80.26%, 29.85% and 60.80% respectively. Males reported higher perceived knowledge than females (P= .008), and respondents residing in hostels reported higher perceived knowledge than those not residing in hostels (P= .02). Gender showed significant correlations with attitude (r = 4.076,P= .044) and behavior (r = 3.722,P= .054), and residence with behavior of respondents (r = 5.690,P= .017).ConclusionsA high degree of willingness to provide assistance during disasters was observed among undergraduate dental students. High attitude coupled with low knowledge and behavior scores regarding disaster management was also observed. Gender was associated with attitude and behavior, and residence with behavior of respondents regarding disaster management. Including disaster management in dental curricula and involvement of dental professionals in disaster management might be crucial for disaster management in India.RajeshG,PaiMBH,ShenoyR,PriyaH.Willingness to participate in disaster management among Indian dental graduates.Prehosp Disaster Med.2012;27(5):1-6.
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Zaveri, Parul. "Digital disaster management in libraries in India." Library Hi Tech 33, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 230–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-09-2014-0090.
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Purpose – Disaster management is an issue that has received relatively little attention in libraries, particularly in India. With the growth in digital resources in libraries, it is necessary for librarians to understand and apply the ways of protecting digital data and the related equipment from disaster. The purpose of this paper is to address the issues related to digital data protection in libraries in India. It aims to investigate the perceptions of librarians about the probability of digital disasters happening in their libraries, and to assess the level of digital disaster preparedness among libraries. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire based survey of 276 libraries in the Western region of India was conducted to find out the digital data protection measures taken by them. The paper provides an overview and analysis of the general trends in digital data protection in these libraries. Findings – The research results indicate that due to lack of knowledge about handling of digital data, and inadequate digital infrastructure setup in organizations, the chances of loss of digital data are high. However, common measures like taking backup of data manually are mostly followed by all libraries. The paper has identified the trends in protection of digital data, as well as the lacunae, in Indian libraries. Basic guidelines on digital data preservation are also presented in the paper. Practical implications – The guidelines provided in the paper will be useful to any libraries to take measures for protection of the digital data. The libraries will be able to prepare their digital data protection plan and train the staff accordingly. Originality/value – This paper is the first to address the issue of digital disaster management in libraries in India. It provides a detailed analysis of digital data protection measures taken by Indian libraries currently.
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Wachtendorf, Tricia, James M. Kendra, Havidán Rodríguez, and Joseph Trainor. "The Social Impacts and Consequences of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Observations from India and Sri Lanka." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 3_suppl (June 2006): 693–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2202650.
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The 26 December 2004 tsunami is one of the most severe disasters of the last several decades. Less than one month after the disaster, a group of social science researchers from the University of Delaware and University of North Texas participated in an Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) reconnaissance team. This team traveled to some of the most heavily impacted areas in India and Sri Lanka. Focusing on the social impacts and consequences of the disaster, the team identified a number of emerging issues, including loss of life and destruction of property and infrastructure, impact on livelihoods, a persistent sense of uncertainty, variation in community-based response and recovery efforts, inequities in disaster relief distribution, gender and age vulnerability and capacities, temporary shelter and housing, and long-term relocation planning.
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Roy, Arindam. "Locating Community in disaster Management: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and India." Khazanah Sosial 4, no. 1 (January 29, 2022): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ks.v4i1.16784.
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Unlike the traditional top-down reactive way of handling the disaster, the community-based approach to disaster management calls for a holistic bottom-up approach reposing its faith in local communities who are usually caught hapless in the epicenter of disasters. Despite the proven efficacy of community engagement in disaster management, it has few takers in the policy circuit. This study uses a qualitative approach with content analysis techniques. The present paper with special reference to the community involvement in disaster management in Indonesia and India, concludes that community engagement in addition to institutional cooperation is equally important for the successful mitigation of disaster.
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Prakash, A., A. Kumar, and S. Khan. "(A344) Integrating Post-Disaster Reconstruction with Pre-Existing Development Strategies — Experiences from the 2010 Leh Flashflood." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003281.
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Disasters cause destruction, but also bring opportunities for development. A lack of this perspective in disaster management leads to planning and managerial follies. The reconstruction and rehabilitation program from the Latur earthquake (Maharashtra, India) should be used as a starting point. Leh, the largest district of India, was hit by a cloudburst and subsequent flashfloods on 05–07 August 2010. The monetary value of the total damages is estimated to be approximately Rs 225 crores. A total of 87% of the affected infrastructure required complete reconstruction. The rest received partial damages. This paper uses field data collected on development needs in 112 villages over a span of five years (just preceding the disaster) and data for damage assessment from the 42 affected villages collected immediately after the disaster. The paper does a careful assessment of the damages in the flashflood, analyses the pre-existing developmental requirements of all the villages in the district, and explores the possibilities of integrating post-disaster reconstruction with the pre-existing developmental requirements. In India, post-disaster reconstruction quite often is an elaboration of short-term, makeshift arrangements, thereby giving rise to obvious developmental concerns. Merits and demerits of this strategy will be discussed. This research examines the financial implications of integrating reconstruction projects with development programs. It also looks into the sustainability of development, and how can this serve as a strategy in making communities more resilient to future disasters.
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Sekar, K. "(A14) Psychosocial Support Services in Disasters - Indian Experiences." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s3—s4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000276.
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India with 1.08 billion populations is vulnerable to earthquake (56%), floods (8%), cyclones (12%) and droughts (28%) every year. It is further compounded with refugees, riots, epidemic and endemic situations. Disaster psychosocial support and mental health services has consistently grown and standardized over the past three decades in India. The initial experiments' started in 1981 with a circus tragedy and documentation of prolonged grief reaction. In the Bhopal gas tragedy (1984) mental health services were integrated through primary care doctors. The Marathwada earthquake (1991) involved primary health care personnel in provision of mental health care to the survivors. The Orissa super cyclone (1999) saw the emergence of psychosocial support to the community using local resources like community level workers who were survivors by themselves. The feasibility study involving 40 such workers was expanded to a pilot model with 400 workers in the Gujarat earthquake (2001) and later to the level of a District model in the Gujarat riots (2002). These developments paved way for the State model when Tsunami struck the eastern coast of India affecting three States and two Union Territories in India. The experiences and experiments led to the development of standardized capacity building tools and intervention kits with level and limits of care being addressed. The Indian experiences has seen a striding change from psychiatry paradigm to public health model, to the development of a standardized psychosocial support models involving community at large. The lesson learnt has been helpful in developing the National Guidelines on Psychosocial Support and Mental Health Services by the National Disaster Management Authority of India. These service models could be adapted to the developing South East Asian countries where there is a paucity of trained professionals to attend the needs of the survivors.
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Ghimire, Kanksha Mahadevia. "Path Dependence, Abnormal Times and Missed Opportunities: Case Studies of Catastrophic Natural Disasters From India and Nepal." Law and Development Review 11, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 31–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2017-0040.
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AbstractPath dependence literature largely accepts that large-scale disasters trigger abnormal times that weaken path dependence and create windows of opportunity to bring about institutional reforms. Disaster literature insists that lessons must be learnt from past disasters, so that damage caused by future disasters can be mitigated. Yet experience suggests that institutional reforms are rarely implemented post catastrophic disasters. This paper examines factors that might explain why the windows of opportunity triggered by disasters are missed in some cases, while seized in others. This question is explored by juxtaposing two case studies: the Gorkha 2015 earthquakes (Nepal) and the Uttarakhand 2013 flood (India), the worst natural disasters to have struck the regions. Analyzed through the insights of path dependence, the case studies reveal that post disasters institutional reforms were implemented in Nepal, aimed at improving implementation of building construction and zonal laws by public institutions. However, no such institutional reforms were implemented in India, specifically Uttarakhand. A comparative analysis identifies similarities and differences in actions taken by public institutions before and after the disasters aiming to improve public institutions’ implementation of laws, to explore factors explaining the contrasting outcomes. The paper reveals key distinctions highlighting the critical role of (a) gradual reforms taken during normal times and its influence on actions taken during abnormal times; and (b) negative feedback provided by public institutions responsible for implementing building construction and zonal laws (implementing agencies), and by other public institutions, and denial or acknowledgement of such critique by implementing agencies. Based on the findings, the paper elaborates policy suggestions that may aid in mitigating the possibility of abnormal times repeatedly becoming missed opportunities. More specifically, this paper provides a starting point for exploring what might be done during normal times so that when disasters do occur in the future, these opportunities can be seized and used to bring about reforms to improve public institutional functioning.
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Perera, C. P., and C. Briggs. "(A237) Management of the Dead during Mass Casualty Disasters in South Asia: Perspectives of the First Decade of the 21st Century." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002238.
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The first decade of the 21st century will go down in history as an era of major disasters. Disasters have occurred in all corners of the world and ranged from events such as the 11 September attack, the London bombings, the Asian Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, earthquakes in India, Iran, Pakistan, China, and Haiti, and cyclones and floods in Bangladesh and Myanmar. The unavoidable common factor of all these disasters was the massive number of casualties and deceased witnessed within a short period. The effective intervention of governmental agencies to manage casualties during the immediate aftermath of a disaster often is restricted by many technical and circumstantial factors. However, it was observed during the last decade that during disasters, volunteer members of the affected and surrounding communities form a huge supportive force to meet most urgent tasks, including managing the dead. This was best witnessed in 2004, after the Asian tsunami disaster. The management of the dead during disasters is a multidisciplinary, multi-stage task and a medico-legal emergency that should be commenced during the immediate post-disaster period. Community first responders comprise an easily accessible, readily available task force in the field of managing the dead, especially in the recovery and transportation of dead during disasters. The first attempt to regularize the role of community first responders during disasters was made in 2005 with the post-Asian tsunami experience through a joined effort of many international organizations. Since then, south Asian countries have been more concerned about developing capacity of first responders via community-based disaster management schemes. The services of first responders could be greatly enhanced through training and integrating them into mass casualty management plans in less resourced countries as elaborated in this paper.
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Gul, Shehla, Atta-Ur Rahman, Samiullah, and Rafiq Ali Khan. "Comparing the agenda setting role of the Pakistani and Indian newspapers in disasters: a case study of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake." ERDKUNDE 74, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 301–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2020.04.05.
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In the aftermath of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, the media played a central role in linking victims to the government apparatus and the national and international community and highlighting weaknesses in the disaster management process. This study was conducted to analyze and compare the ‘agenda setting role’ of the Pakistani newspapers with that of the Indian newspapers after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake with a magnitude of 7.6 and resulting in over 78,000 fatalities in Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the Indian part of Kashmir. Two Pakistani and two Indian newspapers each with high circulation were selected for qualitative and quantitative analysis. A total of 630 articles were downloaded for analysis out of which 120 front page articles were finally analyzed with the help of five selected themes including extent of damage, phases of disaster, responsibility issues, types of framing and focus on disaster policies. The study revealed that there was a strong agenda setting role of both Pakistani and Indian newspapers in post 2005 Kashmir earthquake. The newspapers focused on broad policy issues using thematic framing techniques with a strong emphasis on response phase, whereas the least attention has been given to preparedness and mitigation strategies. The analysis further revealed that in both the countries, federal government was considered to be responsible for disaster management system by both Pakistani and Indian newspapers and the Indian newspapers have also strongly criticized the Indian army for their unsatisfactory emergency response operations. Newspapers are still one of the most important sources of information in many developing countries including Pakistan and India and they can play a positive role in the management of natural disasters by focusing on mitigation and preparation to prepare communities for future disasters.
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Bali, Renu. "Importance of Community Awareness and Preparedness in Disaster Risk Reduction." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i10.005.
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In the last 20-year period from 2000 to 2019, 7348 disaster events were reported worldwide which claimed 12mn lives and affected more than 4.03 billion people. Asia suffered the highest number of disaster events due to size of the continents, its physiography and high density of population. In terms of affected countries globally India with 321 events was third highest in terms of economic losses and loss of lives (UNDRR, 2021)
It has been proved that countries where the communities are aware and participate in DRR activities the losses due to disaster events are low. Developing countries like India where the resources are limited communities can play very important role in DRR. If communities are involved in DRR it will not only help in reducing the burden on Government and local administration but also help communities to be self-reliant in emergency situation.
As communities are the first responders in every disaster event it is very important to build and improve their capacities so that they can respond efficiently in event of occurrence of disaster. The scale and spread of recent COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated and proved that catastrophes which occur at this large scale cannot be handled efficiently only by Government agencies and local administration. Participation of communities whether it is RWA’s, religious groups, local political parties, philanthropist, charitable and social organisations or group of individuals are important pillars and support to handle the catastrophes by providing help and relief to the victims. Therefore, it is important to build capacities of people by creating awareness and imparting them skill and training for relief and rescue operations to manage the disasters. These skill improvement and trainings will improve the preparedness level of population to face disasters. Involvement of communities also lead to understanding of disasters and traditional coping mechanisms, their understanding of local disasters can be very effective in emergency situation. Communities understand their areas better, they know their strengths and they have indigenous methods to cope with emergencies. Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction is popular and successful approach in many developed and developing countries. Capacity building is important for communities to become resilient to disaster.
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Sehgal, Shaina, and Suresh Babu. "Economic Transformation of the Nicobar Islands Post-tsunami." Ecology, Economy and Society–the INSEE Journal 4, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 119–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37773/ees.v4i2.331.
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Natural disasters can have lasting impacts on regional economies. Island economies, in particular, have protracted recoveries from disasters due to their location, size, and economic dependence on trading partners. As imports and exports are especially explicit and discernible in ports, islands facilitate investigations on the long-term effects of disaster relief, reconstruction, and redevelopment on trade. In this paper, we examine the transformational impact of the 2004 Indian ocean earthquake and tsunami. We examine changes to physical imports and exports in the archipelago to reflect on the social, economic, and ecological impacts of the 2004 disaster and subsequent recovery. We analyse disaggregated physical import and export data for 2003–2017 from revenue ports in the Nicobar Islands in India along with data from field surveys and interviews conducted on the islands. We find that while the archipelago’s physical trade balance has been continuously growing since 2003, it increased at a higher rate after the disaster and thereafter stabilized to levels comparable to the pre-tsunami period. However, further analysis indicates that the nature and quantity of physical imports during this period, such as of fuel and construction materials, are unprecedented; and there are diverging trajectories of redevelopment within the archipelago...
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Chandrasekhar, Divya. "‘Setting the Stage’: How Policy Institutions Frame Participationin Post-Disaster Recovery." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2010): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0130.
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Stakeholder participation is widely acknowledged as being critical to building local capacity to recover from and adapt to disaster events. However, there exists little analytical insight on the factors that affect this participation. Specifically, research is needed on how policies made for disaster recovery facilitate or constrain participation, particularly for places facing unprecedented and catastrophic disasters. This paper uses the case study example of the recovery of Nagapattinam (India) after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to illustrate how recovery policies set the stage on which stakeholder participation occurs. First, recovery policies did not clearly define beneficiaries of the programs, thus leaving these decisions to interpretations on the ground. Second, recovery policies empowered certain stakeholders over others. And lastly, recovery policies did not provide any standards for the community consultation process. This led to a variety of participatory processes on the ground and opened up the possibility of cooptation by more powerful social groups. The paper uses these lessons to suggest measures for policymakers facing similar unprecedented and catastrophic disasters to facilitate stakeholder participation in recovery and it calls for further research on this subject.
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Karar Ahmad, Md. "Flood Mitigation in Developing Countries: A Case Study of India." Asian Review of Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2018): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2018.7.1.1378.
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Floods are the common natural disasters in most of the developing countries, and India isno exception.Due to the geographic and climatic conditions the country remains under threat. Floods have been recurrent phenomenon in many parts of India, causing loss of lives and public property and bringing untold misery to the people. The floods that occurred in India in 2013 were highly catastrophic based on the number of victims. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, IFRC (2013) continues to steer the evacuation efforts as well as in rescuing the stranded victims. Methods of structural control of floodwater can be grouped into four types; namely, storage, diversion, enhancing channel capacity, and constriction of the water within the channel. The following flood mitigation measures could be adopted to mitigate the adverse impacts of severe floods and to prevent normal floods. Flood walls are constructed out of materials such as concrete or steel in order to control the flow of flood waters and prevent the flooding of specific areas. The construction of floodwalls and embankments has been the traditional means of protecting low lying communities and infrastructure against flooding. Flood hazard maps contain information about the probability or magnitude of an event whereas flood risk maps contain additional information about the consequences. Flood insurance is one of the effective ways in order to cope with the aftermaths of flood events. The Indian government acknowledges the problems the country faces because of the various natural disasters that occur. Consequently, various agencies have been instituted to evaluate the country’s exposure to disasters and to develop ways of mitigating or managing the impacts of the disasters.
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Ghawana, Tarun, Lyubka Pashova, and Sisi Zlatanova. "Geospatial Data Utilisation in National Disaster Management Frameworks and the Priorities of Multilateral Disaster Management Frameworks: Case Studies of India and Bulgaria." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10090610.
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Facing the increased frequency of disasters and resulting in massive damages, many countries have developed their frameworks for Disaster Risk Management (DRM). However, these frameworks may differ concerning legal, policy, planning and organisational arrangements. We argue that geospatial data is a crucial binding element in each national framework for different stages of the disaster management cycle. The multilateral DRM frameworks, like the Sendai Framework 2015–2030 and the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UNGGIM) Strategic Framework on Geospatial Information and Services for Disasters, provide the strategic direction, but they are too generic to compare geospatial data in national DRM frameworks. This study investigates the two frameworks and suggests criteria for evaluating the utilisation of geospatial data for DRM. The derived criteria are validated for the comparative analysis of India and Bulgaria’s National Disaster Management Frameworks. The validation proves that the criteria can be used for a general comparison across national DRM.
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Gruenwald, Hermann. "Global Challenge Disaster Logistics Lessons Learned from the 2004 Tsunami in Thailand." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 1647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.1647.
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Natural and man-made disasters remain one of the global challenges in the future. This paper looks at the disaster logistics surrounding the Tsunami from 2004 which was caused by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean with a magnitude of Mw 9.19.3. In all 14 billion US $ in humanitarian aid were donated to Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand The qualitative study uses grounded theory by Glaser and Strauss with in-depth interviews to analyze the lessons learned from this natural disaster response. The data was collected from ground zero to present day. It looks at all forms of disaster logistics from the private and government (military) sector to national Thai efforts and international disaster relieve efforts by a large number of Asian and European countries as well as the USA. What lessons are there to be learned both for disaster logistics policies as well as procedures and equipment needs and preventive measures and material and design requirements?
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Ahmed, S. M. Moin Uddin. "Impact of Natural Disasters on Foreign Direct Investment in South and South-East Asian Countries." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38304.
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Abstract: This paper examines the empirical relationship between natural disasters and FDI in 14 South and South-East Asian countries, 7 from South Asia, are Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka and the rest 7 from South East Asian countries, these are Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam taking panel data from 2000-2011. The two key variables are used in the analysis, foreign direct investment is the dependent variable; the total net inflows of FDI as a percentage of GDP is taken. The second key variable indicates natural disasters, the independent variable. Fixed effects model and Heteroskedasticity-Autocorrelation-Consistent (HAC) standard error are employed to estimate lagged and immediate impact of natural disaster on FDI. The empirical results show that natural disasters have a negative and statistically significant impact on FDI with two years of lag. The results indicate that post disasters management matters for attracting FDI inflow. Post disasters recovery systems and relevant policies should be able to improve the confidence of foreign investors and attractiveness of affected areas by establishing reliable and strong infrastructures and institutions. This would guide the policymakers for better fiscal decisions, mainstreaming the economic impacts of natural disasters in long-term economic planning for attracting FDI inflows and preparedness aftermath of natural disasters. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Natural disasters; Panel data; Fixed effects model; HAC standard error
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Bhardwaj, J. R., and T. S. Sachdeva. "(A236) National Guidelines on the Management of the Dead after Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s64—s65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002226.
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Despite technological advancements, India is vulnerable to disasters. Disasters of any etiology have the common denominator of a large number of deaths in a short span of time. Thus, the Administration is saddled with the indomitable task of retrieving and recovering dead bodies, then identifying them to enable the handing over of the remains to their next-of-kin. Initial media focus is often based on the myth that dead bodies cause epidemics. Therefore, bodies often are placed in mass burials or mass cremations universally, without being identified and without preserving the individuality of the deceased. This culminates into social, psychological, emotional, economic, and legal repercussions (financial compensation, property rights, inheritance, and issues of remarriage) regarding the legacy of the deceased, thereby exacerbating the damage caused by disasters. With the paradigm shift from the erstwhile response-centric approach after the enactment of the Disaster Management Act in 2005, to the holistic management of disasters, the National Disaster Management Authority embarked on the task of formulating the guidelines on this sensitive and vital issue. These Guidelines are designed to provide not only technical information, but also dwell on administrative aspects that will support the correct approach in handling dead bodies with the highest possible quality of standards/measures, and functioning in an interdisciplinary manner to ensure positive identification of victims. Management of the dead after disasters is under the ambit of the Incident Response System being incorporated in the National, State and District “all hazard” Disaster Management Plans are intended to achieve the desired aim that no unidentified body should be laid to rest.
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Chowdhury, Tazrina, Paul Arbon, Malinda Steenkamp, Mayumi Kako, and Kristine Gebbie. "Exploring Health Challenges of South Asian Women at the Evacuation Centers after Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000803.
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Introduction:Globally, women are considered to be more vulnerable during disasters. South Asia including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Nepal experience many disasters, and are also ranked lowest on the gender equality index. Women of these countries tend to face many health challenges while staying at evacuation centers after disasters.Aim:This study highlights the health challenges South Asian women face while staying in evacuation centers after disasters.Methods:A narrative review was conducted using the keywords, “women after disaster,” “evacuation centers,” and “emergency health care.” Literature identified from the references were also added until reaching saturation. 47 articles were obtained through Elsevier, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest.Results:Women in shelters in South Asian countries experienced many health challenges including genito-urinary tract infections (studies from India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh), increased maternal mortality (Nepal and Pakistan), and sexual assault with resulting unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV (Nepal). Factors that contributed were the unavailability of separate toilets, inadequate sanitation, lack of sanitary supplies, and inadequate childbirth and maternity care resources. Rape victims at the shelters of Myanmar received delayed medical treatments, causing long-term health complications. Post-disaster stress and trauma were evident among women at the shelters initiated by insecurity, fear of abuse, and unfair relief distribution.Discussion:Women face certain challenges when staying in evacuation shelters in South Asian countries, which impacts their wellbeing after disasters. It is important to recognize women’s special requirements and to preserve women’s rights while developing disaster preparedness strategies. Socio-cultural perspectives of the disaster-prone areas should be considered at the policy planning level to ensure an effective and practical health-safety system. Additionally, further research focusing on women’s wellbeing at the evacuation centers is required to inform and overcome health challenges faced by women living in the shelters.
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Sharma, Sanjay. "Exploring Disaster Mitigation in India: A Financial Viewpoint." Emerging Economy Studies 7, no. 1 (May 2021): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23949015211057915.
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Disaster management is a multidimensional and multistage process. It broadly includes preparedness, rescue, relief rehabilitation and mitigation. Disaster mitigation is an integral part of disaster management. In fact, it is an act of pre disaster stage. It involves the material and social activities to convert disaster-prone areas into disaster resilient one. Disaster mitigation requires proper vulnerability mapping and funds to carry out disaster specific mitigative activities. It is for this reason that Disaster management Act 2005 provides for creation of Disaster Mitigation Funds at national, state and district levels. Irrespective of the consistent demands from states various finance commissions did not recognizing mitigation as an integral part of disaster risk funding as mitigation was left up to the centrally sponsored schemes. However, this task was performed by 15th Finance Commission by creating and allocating the disaster mitigation funds. The FC-XV replaced the earlier expenditure based allocation of funds and devised a new formula based on physical and socio-economic factors like vulnerability of a state to selected disasters like flood and drought and its ratio of poverty. It is under this background that the present research article makes a modest attempt to explore the financial perspective of disaster mitigation in India. Methodologically speaking this paper applies qualitative and qualitative research tools. It is analytical and descriptive in approach and exploratory in its findings. Major part of the present research is based on the primary sources like reports and acts of government of India and texts of international agreements. In addition, it also includes secondary sources like books and journals.
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Anand, Mona Chhabra, Thitiphon Sinsupan, Sisira Madurapperuma, and Vijayaraghavan M. Chariar. "Learning from Habitat Reconstruction Initiatives—New Approach for Reducing Vulnerability of Rural Housing in India." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 4359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074359.
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Post-disaster reconstruction offers an opportunity to address some of the fundamental causes of vulnerability that are an inherent part of mainstream housing processes located at the intersectionality of sectoral interdependencies. Well-designed initiatives in the aftermath of a disaster can help displaced populations enter a positive cycle of resilience-building using new approaches. This paper draws from a recent field study to examine the reasons for the poor performance of existing housing stock in the face of disasters and presents a chain of graded causal factors that contribute to their vulnerability. Specifically, in the context of rural housing, the paper looks at three case studies of innovative habitat reconstruction initiatives undertaken in the aftermath of major disasters in India and analyses them for their impact on building the resilience of displaced communities. The study highlights that in order to address the various causes of vulnerability of rural housing, it is important to leverage the existing connections between different dimensions of habitat development, including access to finance, choice of appropriate materials, skill-building, and safe construction methods. This is at the core of the ethos of “building back better.”
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PARIDA, YASHOBANTA, PARUL BHARDWAJ, PRAKASH KUMAR SAHOO, and TAPASWINI NAYAK. "EFFECT OF FLOOD AND FIRE ACCIDENTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ODISHA, INDIA: DISTRICT LEVEL ANALYSIS." International Journal of Big Data Mining for Global Warming 02, no. 01 (January 21, 2020): 1950007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2630534819500074.
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Natural disasters are a recurrent phenomenon in Odisha. Frequent natural disasters not only affect different sectors of the economy but also disturb different aspects of human life. The natural disasters also increase fiscal pressure of the government. Every year, government of Odisha (GoO) spends around 1.3% of GSDP for flood control and irrigation purpose, and 0.44% of GSDP is spent on relief on account of natural calamities. We employ Pooled Mean Group (PMG) to examine the effect of natural disasters such as flood, lightning and fire accidents on per capita real Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) growth using district-level panel data for 30 districts of Odisha over the period 2001–2011. The findings of the study are as follows. First, PMG estimate confirms that flood is positively related with per capita real GDDP growth which implies that 10% increase in the number of floods at their mean lead to an increase in per capita real GDDP growth by 0.0011% in the long-run. Second, population killed due to lightning has negative impact on the same. The results confirm that 10% increase in population death due to lightning at their mean leads to a decline in the per capita real GDDP growth by 0.0001% in the long-run. Third, further result shows that property lost by fire is negatively correlated with per capita real GDDP growth which implies that property lost by fire accidents increase by 10% at their mean leading to a decline in per capita real GDDP growth by 0.0008% in the long-run. Finally, results also confirm that districts with better financial markets and higher level of literacy, experience higher per capita real GDDP growth in the long-run. In view of these results, the empirical finding concludes that long-term disaster management policy is essential to mitigate the adverse impact of natural disasters on per capita GDDP growth in Odisha.
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Shen, Guoqiang, Long Zhou, Yao Wu, and Zhiming Cai. "A Global Expected Risk Analysis of Fatalities, Injuries, and Damages by Natural Disasters." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (July 23, 2018): 2573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072573.
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Natural disasters are hazardous geophysical, meteorological, hydrological, climatological, and/or biological events that disturb human and natural environments, causing injuries, casualties, property damages, and business interruptions. Sound analysis is required regarding the effective hazard preparedness for, response to, mitigation of, and recovery from natural disasters. This research proposes an expected risk analysis model of world natural disasters recorded for 1900–2015 in the Emergency Disaster Database compiled by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disaster. The model produces consistent estimates of country-level risks in terms of human casualty and economic loss. The expected risks, along with their standard deviations, and ranks for world 208 countries, are analyzed with highlights for the top 10, 20 and 30 countries. Normalized expected risks by country population density and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) are also analyzed to further understand the relationships between risks and socio-economic measures. The results show that the model is a reasonably effective alternative to the existing risk analysis methods, based on the high correlations between the observed and estimated total risks. While riskier countries with higher expected risks and standard deviations are found in all continents, some developing countries such as China, India, Bangladesh, and Brazil, or developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, and Germany, are the hot-spots of global natural disasters. The model can be used as a new alternative approach to conduct country-level risk assessments or risk analyses of fatality, injured, affected, and damage—especially for countries’ governments to make sound disaster preparation, and mitigation decisions, sustainable policies, or plans regarding natural disasters.
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Shukla, Kasturi, Priyadarshini Chandrashekhar, and Shweta Mehta. "How Prepared are Hospital Employees for Internal Fire Disasters? A Study of an Indian Hospital." International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital and Healthcare Administration 4, no. 1 (2016): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10035-1055.
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ABSTRACT Introduction In case of internal disasters, such as fire in hospitals, health services to the community are severely hampered with the additional morbidity of victims, such as employees and visitors present when the disaster strikes. Risk assessment and fire preparedness are most crucial proactive measures to prevent fire disasters and minimize the loss in a hospital; however, scanty studies are available on this topic. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at a multispecialty hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra (India), during March. April 2014. Fire-Safety Preparedness Framework (FSPF) was designed with four domains (risk and vulnerability assessment, response mechanisms and strategies, preparedness plan and information management) for evaluation of fire safety preparedness of hospital employees. Baseline variables were summarized; instrument was tested for reliability using Cronbach's alpha and content validity through review by experts. The number of correct responses for each question was further analyzed across the type of employee. Results The instrument showed high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89, p-value. 0.01) and content validity. A total of 207 employees (mean age 32) 8.3 years, 63% females) consented and participated in the study. Out of 20 questions, awareness was high (90%) only for three questions from Response mechanism and strategies-domain. For the remaining questions, awareness was moderate to low. The awareness varied highly with the type of employee. Conclusion The FSPF is a reliable tool for application in the Indian context for hospital employees. Disaster preparedness training and drill need to involve employees from all departments as awareness levels varied highly with type of employee. How to cite this article Shukla K, Chandrashekhar P, Mehta S. How Prepared are Hospital Employees for Internal Fire Disasters? A Study of an Indian Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hospc Health Adm 2016;4(1):20-24.
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Rout, Sanjay Kumar, and Rajeswari Behera. "Income Inequality and its Important Determinants in India." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 6, no. 5 (May 21, 2022): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2022.v06i05.002.
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Income inequality is considerably high and still growing, which may cause a significant loss of India’s human development and economic performance in the post-pandemic period. Thus, using cointegrating models viz; FMOLS, DOLS, CCR, and ARDL models, we scrutinize short-run as well as long-run impact of natural disaster, economic development, technological innovation, and human capital on income inequality in India. Results show that the natural disasters and economic development worsen income inequality in both short- and long-run. Further, India’s human capital also aggravates income inequality in the short run. In contrast, India’s technological innovation and human capital in the long run improve income distribution significantly. Finally, the policy suggestions are mentioned in the conclusion section. Our results are consistent and robust with alternative modelling.
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G S, Moses Raj. "Nuclear Safety in India :." Jindal Journal of International Affairs 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 60–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54945/jjia.v4i1.55.
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Ever since the Fukushima incident, civilian nuclear energy in India has been a matter of great contestation, leading to several debates on domestic plant safety, disaster preparedness and ability to contain any such radioactive leakage through natural or man made disasters. In this regard, India ratified the Additional Protocol under the condition that civilian nuclear facilities will be separated from the military facilities and be compliant with IAEA safeguards. This compromise, while not being a signatory to the Non Proliferation Treaty and considered as a Non Nuclear Weapons State, has been a challenge and forced acceptance of opening up nuclear facilities which were earlier a state protected entity without external access. This paper offers a brief outlook into the history of Additional Protocol as an international safeguards measure adopted by India while examining the relevant provisions within the context of Additional Protocol. Further, an overview of India’s energy demand and consumption specific to the nuclear sector is analysed. Finally, a legal framework of nuclear safety in India covering separation, inspection and sampling of nuclear facilities to arrest proliferation and maintain plant safety will be addressed.
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Agarwal, Raveesh. "Lesson Learned from Killer Floods in Kerala: Time for Retrospection." Management and Economics Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2018): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2018.04.735013.
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We know that the climate of the earth has undergone drastic change over periods of time. Natural factors and anthropogenic factors both contributed to climate change. Kerala is one of the most famous tourist destinations in India. The state saw one of its worst monsoon disasters in August 2018. There is huge loss and displacement of more than a million of people due to unusually high and persistent monsoon rains in Kerala. The objectives of this paper are to find out the reasons of disaster in Kerala and lessons learned from it. Some people believe that Kerala’s disaster is man made, while others say that it is a natural calamity. Whatever it may be, we have to identify the reasons for the same. Due to climate change and natural disasters, the impact on water, air, agriculture, infrastructure, health, education, bio-diversity, forests, and socioeconomic sectors is bound to increase. Nobody can stop the natural disasters, but we can take certain steps to lower the intensity. It is very much important to understand the lessons so that the effect of such type of events is minimized.