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1
Bergwall, Erik. "'Cum organum dicitur' : The transmission of vocal polyphony in pre-Reformation Sweden and bordering areas." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för musikvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-300174.
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The polyphonic sources of medieval Sweden are very few, although well-documented in musicological research. However, while most of the earlier research has tended to focus on interpreting the sources themselves rather than to examine the cultural and historical context in which they were written, the present dissertation aims at providing a broader narrative of the transmission and practice of polyphony. By examining the cultural context of the sources and putting them in relation to each other, a bigger picture is painted, where also Danish and Norwegian sources are included. Based on the discussion and analyses of the sources, a general historical outline is suggested. The practice of organum in the late 13th century in Uppsala was probably a result from Swedes studying in Paris and via oral transmission brought the practice back home. This 'Parisian path' was accompanied by an 'English-Scandinavian' path, where mostly Denmark and Norway either influenced or were influenced by English polyphonic practice. During the 14th century, polyphony seems to have been rather established in Sweden, although prohibitions against it were made by the Order of the Bridgettines. These prohibitions were probably linked to a general antipolyphonic attitude in Europe, beginning with the papal bull of John XII in 1324. The sources of the 15th and 16th centuries are very different from each other, and perhaps suggest that polyphony of older styles were sung in monasteries and certain churches while more modern discant were sung at the royal courts and at larger religious feasts such as the translation of Catherine of Vadstena.
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CALLON, DOUET NATHALIE. "Metastase discale simulant une hernie discale : 2 observations." Reims, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REIMM085.
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Thomas, Sylvie. "La hernie discale thoracique." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN11089.
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Salanskis, Jean-Michel. "Le Continu et le discret." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600986d.
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Macedo, Sandré Granzzotto. "Desempenho docente pela avaliação discente." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79474.
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A Avaliação Institucional vem despertando interesse dos responsáveis pela educação superior, como instrumento de melhoria das instituições. Isto leva à compreensão do conjunto de valores e pressupostos que subsidia uma prática antecipativa, utilizando uma linguagem comum, não permitindo a classificação de cursos, pessoas e/ou faculdades, mas o estabelecimento de diagnósticos que possam sinalizar necessárias mudanças no processo interno da instituição, na direção da qualidade. A qualidade só poderá ser captada por um processo avaliativo, baseado nos critérios da transparência, garantindo a discussão dos resultados, a sua viabilidade e os meios para melhora-la, caso seja necessário. A Avaliação de Desempenho Docente, como parte central deste trabalho, tem como objetivo analisar a qualidade da ação docente e os aspectos pedagógicos que podem ser melhorados. O desempenho docente, por sua vez, pode ser avaliado sob diversas óticas, pelos próprios docentes, através da auto-avaliação, pelos pares e pelos alunos, dentre outras. Escolheu-se, neste trabalho, utilizar a avaliação realizada a partir do julgamento dos alunos. A metodologia proposta utiliza dados qualitativos e oportuniza alunos a expressarem suas opiniões, constituindo um processo contínuo e participativo, onde os sujeitos envolvidos aprendem a pensar em termos de seus objetivos. Uma visão do todo só poderá ser efetivada pela análise simultânea das múltiplas relações que constituem qualquer fato, processo ou fenômeno. Neste sentido, é recomendado utilizar, como recurso analítico, a técnica da Análise de Correspondência Múltipla, por constituir uma ferramenta de alta inferência no tratamento de grandes massas de dados, compostas de diversas categorias das "n" variáveis. Esta forma de análise favorece melhor observação dos gestores nas percepções que os alunos têm sobre o desempenho docente em determinada situação, possibilitando direcionar investimentos na procura de qualidade. A validação, feita sobre um caso real, incluindo 175 professores ministrando 419 disciplinas, avaliadas por 2980 alunos de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, demonstrou a eficácia da metodologia proposta, abrindo perspectivas para sua utilização em todas instituições que colhem informações da avaliação docente pelo discentes e, ainda, nas análises interinstitucionais
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Salanskis, Jean-Michel. "Le continu et le discret." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR10004.
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On a voulu, dans cette these, expliquer en quel sens le continy et le discret, compris d'une maniere a la fois philosophique et mathematique, etaient des termes mutuellement irreductibles. Le principal resultat du travail est que cette autonomie des deux termes l'un a l'egard de l'autre est seulement obtenue si on les regarde comme les noms de regulations de la pensee, au niveau le plus profond, et non pas comme des determinations ontologiques. Pour arriver a cette conclusion dans notre quatrieme chapitre, nous examinons successivement : dans notre premier chapitre comment la philosophie critique de kant concoit le continu, le discret et leur relation, dans notre second chapitre ce que les vues logiques, mathematiques et linguistiques contemporaines impliquent en fait de concept residuel du continu parmi la domination du discret, et dans notre troisieme chapitre quelle position est attribuee au discret par la phenomenologie husserlienne et heideggerienne, qui accorde au continu le benefice de l'originaliteIn this thesis, we are wanting to explain in what sense the continuous and the discreet, understood both in a mathematical and in a philosophical way, are mutually irreducible terms. The main result of the work is that this autonomy of the terms one in relation to the other is only obtained if we regard them as the names of regulations of thought, at the deepest level, rather as ontological determinations. In order to reach this conclusion in our fourth chapter, we are successively examining : in our first chapter how the critical philosophy of kant is conceiving the continuous, the discreet and their connection, in our second chapter what the contemporaneous logical, mathematical and linguistical insights imply as a residual concept of the continuous within the domination of the discreet, and in our third chapter which position is attributed to the discreet by the benefit of originarity
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Laurent, Stéphane. "Filtrations à temps discret négatif." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/LAURENT_Stephane_2004.pdf.
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Harvey, Natasha Rachael. "A study of the validity of discretized analog scaling (Discan)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23692.pdf.
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Dew-Becker, Ian. "Essays on Time-Varying Discount Rates." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10284.
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Paluello, Carolina Minio. "The UK closed-end fund discount." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266854.
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Chebbi, Yassin. "Laplacien discret d'un 2-complexe simplicial." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4028/document.
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Vila, Verde Radson Lima. "Memória educativa : marcas da subjetividade discente." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/12459.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2012.Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2013-03-13T12:02:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_RadsonLimaVilaVerde.pdf: 1031481 bytes, checksum: 56b5fbab97dbbbfbfc2dc32b43c78e9b (MD5)
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A dimensão da subjetividade e das histórias de vida tem provocado intensos debates no cenário educacional, principalmente no que se refere à formação de professores, motivando a realização de inúmeras pesquisas. A presente pesquisa se propôs a investigar as implicações das marcas de memória no processo de constituição da subjetividade dos estudantes de graduação da Universidade de Brasília – UnB, que cursaram a disciplina Inconsciente e Educação, no segundo semestre de 2011. Nessa perspectiva, utilizou-se o aporte psicanalítico, à semelhança das preocupações freudianas com o processo de constituição do sujeito, permitindo-nos um aprofundamento acerca do funcionamento da memória no aparelho psíquico, bem como no resgate das marcas de memória presentes na vida dos estudantes. O aporte teórico escolhido mediou e sustentou todas as discussões tecidas, possibilitando a compreensão e recolocação do sujeito-estudante no ato pedagógico, suscitando também a importância do seu lugar para que ação do professor tenha êxito. As questões que nortearam o trabalho de pesquisa foram a respeito do modo como o sujeito se apresenta no ato de elaboração da Memória Educativa, bem como possíveis efeitos na formação do estudante de graduação. Tais questões mediaram toda construção teórica desta pesquisa, fundamentada na psicanálise, assim como guiaram o olhar do pesquisador. A presente pesquisa tem cunho qualitativo e exploratório, trazendo como estratégias de investigação, o dispositivo Memória Educativa e, complementarmente, a entrevista semiestruturada. Esse dispositivo, utilizado com os sujeitos pesquisados, possibilitou o registro dos percursos trilhados no decorrer da vida escolar e o reconhecimento das marcas, inscritas desde a infância, que repercutem atualmente. A análise e interpretação dos dados foram realizadas a partir das técnicas da leitura flutuante, escuta sensível e da análise de conteúdo. Sem elaboração de hipóteses a priori, a análise de dados apontou para as marcas de memória constituintes da subjetividade dos estudantes, os processos psíquicos inconscientes que se manifestam dentro de uma sala de aula, o papel do Outro na constituição da subjetividade do estudante e a Memória Educativa como espaço de enunciação mínima do sujeito e lugar de escrita, lembrança e esquecimento. À guisa de Conclusão, o texto sugere reflexões acerca da importância de se resgatar as marcas de memória constituintes da subjetividade do estudante para um trabalho dentro da formação na graduação que considere sua história de vida, a fim de possibilitar uma ressignificação da sua trajetória e das marcas experimentadas e um reposicionamento do sujeito-estudante diante das vicissitudes vivenciadas e do saber que não se sabe. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The dimension of subjectivity and life stories have provoked intense debate in the educational scenario, especially with regard to teacher training, motivating the realization of numerous researches. This research aims to investigate the implications of the brands of memory in the process of constitution of the subjectivity of undergraduate students at the University of Brasilia - UNB, in the discipline Unconscious and Education, in the second semester of 2011. In this perspective, the psychoanalytic contribution was used, like the Freudian concerns with the process of constitution of the subject, allowing us a deepening about the workings of memory in the psychic apparatus as well as the rescue of the brands of memory present in the lives of students. The theoretical contribution chosen mediated and sustained all discussions woven, allowing the understanding and replacement of the subject-student in the pedagogical act, also raising the importance of his place for the teacher's action succeeds. The questions that guided the research were about the way the subject is presented at the time of preparation of Educational Memory, as well as possible effects on the formation of an undergraduate student. Such issues mediated the whole theoretical construction of this research based on psychoanalysis and guided the view of the researcher. This research has qualitative and exploratory nature bringing as investigation strategies the device Educational Memory and, in addition, the semistructured interview. This device used with the subjects studied allowed the recording of trodden paths through school life and recognition of the marks registered since childhood that resonate nowadays. The analysis and interpretation of data were performed using the techniques of floating reading, sensitive listening and content analysis. Without elaboration of a priori hypotheses, the data analysis pointed to memory brands constituents of subjectivity of students, unconscious mental processes that manifest within a classroom, the role of the Other in the constitution of subjectivity of the student and the Educational Memory as space of minimal enunciation of the subject and place of writing, remembrance and forgetfulness. In conclusion, the text suggests reflections about the importance of recovering the memory brands forming of subjectivity of the student for a work into the formation at graduation which consider their life story in order to allow a resignification of its trajectory and of brands tried and a repositioning of the subject-student in the face of the changes experienced and the knowledge that it is not known.
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Lima, Fernanda Raquel Oliveira. "A perspectiva discente do frame aula." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2009. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2799.
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CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
A presente pesquisa integra o macro-projeto “Práticas de oralidade e cidadania” (CNPq e FAPEMIG), coordenado pela professora doutora Neusa Salim Miranda (PPG Lingüística - UFJF). O projeto tem por objetivo geral a investigação da crise das práticas da oralidade em instâncias públicas da sociedade contemporânea e seu rebatimento na educação Lingüística na escola brasileira. Dentro dessa meta investigativa, o presente estudo elege como objeto a sala de aula. Buscamos no discurso dos alunos a forma como concebem o frame Aula, como descrevem a prática dos dois principais atores da cena, aluno e professor, e como delineiam a aula ideal. A pesquisa se apresenta como um estudo de caso que tem, como cenário investigativo, vinte e uma escolas da rede pública municipal de ensino de Juiz de Fora - MG, tomando os alunos do 6º e 9º ano do ensino fundamental como nossos sujeitos. Procedimentos mistos, quantitativos e qualitativos, são utilizados na abordagem analítica dos dados. O aporte analítico central advém das Ciências Cognitivas, em especial dos estudos da Lingüística Cognitiva acerca dos processos de conceptualização e categorização (LAKOFF e JOHNSON, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; FAUCONNIER e TURNER, 2002; CROFT, W. e CRUSE, 2004; FILLMORE, 1977, 1979, 1982; SOLOMÃO, 1999, 2006; MIRANDA, 2002, dentre outros) e das teses desenvolvidas por Tomasello (1999) acerca da origem cultural da cognição humana. A semântica de frame nos termos desenvolvidos por Fillmore (1977, 1979, 1982) e, em especial, seu projeto lexicográfico FrameNet (www.framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu) fornecem a principal categoria analítica – o conceito de frame – usada na busca do desvelamento da concepção de Aula, da descrição das práticas cotidianas e da idealização da cena promovidas pelos alunos investigados. Os resultados analíticos evidenciam a não naturalização dos conflitos em sala de aula e a preservação do papel simbólico dessa cena como um meio de conquista de emancipação pessoal, como um espaço institucional destinado a contribuir com nossa herança de saberes e valores. O discurso enunciado pelos alunos clama, de forma vigorosa, por uma regulação dos padrões interacionais e das práticas lingüísticas em sala de aula. Tais achados sugerem uma necessária equação entre a educação Lingüística e a educação de valores como forma de enfrentamento da “crise da sala de aula”.
This research integrates the macro-project “Orality, citizenship and their practices” (CNPq and FAPEMIG), organized by Prof. Dr. Neusa Salim Miranda (Post-graduation Program Linguistics- UFJF). The general purpose of the project is the investigation of the orality practices crisis in public instances of the contemporary society and its reverberation in the linguistic education at Brazilian schools. Within this investigative target, this study elects the classroom as object. We examined in the speech of the students the way how they conceive the frame Class, how they describe the practice of the two main actors of the scene, student and teacher, and how they outline the ideal lesson. The research arises as a case study that has, as investigative scenery, twenty one schools of the municipal public education system of Juiz de Fora - MG, taking the students from 6th to 9th year of the elementary school for our subjects. Mixed procedures, quantitative and qualitative are used in the data analytical approach. The central analytic intake comes from the Cognitive Sciences, especially from the studies of Cognitive Linguistics about conceptualization and categorization processes (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002; CROFT, W. and CRUSE, 2004; FILLMORE, 1977, 1979, 1982; SOLOMÃO, 1999, 2006; MIRANDA, 2002, and others) and from the theses developed by Tomasello (1999) about the cultural origin of human cognition. The frame semantics in the terms developed by Fillmore (1977, 1979, 1982) and, especially, his lexicographic project FrameNet (www.framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu) provide the main analytic category “the concept of frame” used in the search for the conception unveiling of Class, description of daily practices and the scene idealization promoted by investigated students. The analytical results show the nonnaturalization of conflicts in the classroom and the preservation of the symbolic role of this scene as means of achievement of personal emancipation, as an institutional space dedicated to contribute with our heritage of knowledge and values. The speech enunciated by the students claims, in a vigorous way, for a regulation of international models and linguistic practices in the classroom. Such findings suggest a necessary equation between the Linguistic education and the education of values as a way of confronting the “crisis in the classroom”.
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Goldman, Martin, and Paul Nissan. "Minority Discount in Publicly Traded Firms." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354630.
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This paper examines the minority discount due to lack of control by looking at tender offer premiums on Swedish publicly traded firms from 2007 to 2018. We analyze how ownership structure, the acquired stake and distribution of shares affect the minority discount. Variables focusing on control of shares are tested individually but also included in models addressing additional impacts. Our findings suggest that a bidder’s ownership of the target firm prior to the announcement lowers the bidder’s valuation of the remaining shares. However, the relation between premium and ownership seem to depend on a threshold of having a toehold which justifies the argument of toeholds attaining control and influence of the target firm. Correspondingly, the premium per share increases with the partial interest acquired, suggesting a non pro-rata valuation. We find no evidence of additional premium for minority shareholders in squeeze out events. However, equally powerful blockholders in target firms tend to increase bid premiums, arguably due to increased competition which aligns bid premium valuation to the valuation of control between dual class shares.
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Eriksson, Rasmus. "Discars flygegenskaper : Baserat på aerodynamiska mätningar." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kvalitets- och maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34794.
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Detta projekt undersöker möjligheterna att bedöma discar avsedda för discgolf efter en skala grundad i vetenskapliga tester. Tester görs i vindtunneln hos Sportstech Research Centre vid Mittuniversitetet i Östersund i samarbete med Kastaplast AB. Lyckade tester skulle kunna leda till standardiserade och mer noggranna bedömningar av discar. Något som underlättar för både kunder och tillverkare. Avsikten är att framförallt bedöma en discs speedrating men projektet undersöker också möjligheterna för att se samband gällande glide och turn. Testerna kan även så ett frö till vidare tester för att skapa djupare förståelse för discars beteende i luften.This project examines the possibilities of rating discs intended for use in discgolf after a scale based on scientific tests. Tests are conducted in the wind tunnel at Sportstech Research Centre at Mid Sweden University in Östersund in collaboration with Kastaplast AB. Successful tests could lead to standardized and more accurate ratings of disc that would facilitate for both customers and manufacturers. Intentions are to foremost rate a discs speed rating but will also examine the possibilities of seeing connections regarding glide and turn. Tests may also lead to future studies regarding the understanding of disc flight.
Betyg: 181001
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Vidal, Bruno. "Vers un lancer de rayons discret." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10014.
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Le lancer de rayons est une technique fort utilisée en synthèse d'images puisqu'elle permet de générer des images ayant un rendu réaliste. Nous proposons une architecture massivement parallèle basée sur un réseau de processeurs, adaptée à l'algorithme de lancer de rayons. Nous utilisons une approche en «tout discret» dans laquelle à la fois les objets et les rayons sont discrétisés. Nous étudions tout d'abord les techniques d'accélération du lancer de rayons puis nous traitons des problèmes de topologie en 3D puis nous abordons la discrétisation des objets et proposons une méthode pour découper une facette polygonale plane convexe en voxels. Nous traitons ensuite du rendu de la scène et proposons une méthode de diffusion des rayons à partir d'une source lumineuse par subdivisions successives de faisceaux lumineux. Enfin nous faisons une étude des problèmes nouveaux liés à l'intersection entre rayons et surfaces discrets
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Karlsson, Karl. "Numerical Simulation of Sabot Discard Projectile." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79248.
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When designing an armour piercing kinetic energy projectile with a discarding sabot, it is important to know how the projectile is affected by the sabot during the discard. If the projectile has no active guiding systems, small disturbances to the initial flight path of the projectile can result in a significant deviance from its intended target. To investigate whether the discard process and its effect on a projectile could be simulated a CFD model was built based on a generic design for an APFSDS projectile for the Carl Gustaf M4 system built by Saab Dynamics AB. The model had to replicate the course of a sabot discard as accurately as possible and be able to track how it affects the projectile. ANSYS Fluent was used to build a model of a quarter of the design incorporating one of the four sabot petals and the part of the projectile in between two of its four fins, utilizing symmetry at zero angle of attack. To achieve a realistic discard process, fluents 6DOF solver was used allowing the sabot to discard due to aerodynamic loads rather than by following a pre-determined path. To allow the components to move inside the domain an overset interface was implemented around the sabot to allow the mesh to update itself during the simulation, keeping its quality consistent. The models initial stage includes a small gap between the sabot and projectile which is necessary to avoid contact which causes issues with mesh creation and divergence. The projectile geometry was based on rough estimates of how a fin stabilized projectile for the M4 would look whereas the sabot design was based on earlier sabot designs and iterated to achieve a discard phase with no contact. The iterative process which produced the sabot design proved that its geometry greatly affects how it discards from the projectile. To track how the projectile is affected during the discard, the forces and moments applied to the projectile from the flow including its interaction with the sabot were tracked. To compare there forces and moments for different discard courses, the sabots centre of gravity was changed to provoke it to discard differently. The model showed a clear difference in how the projectile was affected by the flow during the different discards. This shows the importance of designing the sabot to discard cleanly and quickly so as to not alter the trajectory of the projectile in flight. Also investigated was the effect of the initial gap on the course of the discard. Adding the gap is a simplification which should affect the discard so that it no longer matches a physical test case and so will have to be tuned to find what gap provides the most realistic discard. Although this model could not be validated given the lack of a physical counterpart, it could be determined that the gap greatly affects the discard and that this model is very sensitive to the initial load put on the sabot. Before the model can be used for concept development, a few things need to be worked out. These include a contact definition, inner ballistic effects and building a model that can be test fired to generate validationdata.
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Dernaoui, Zaki. "Rising technologies, investment and discount rates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126972.
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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 27-29).
This paper examines the recent compositional shift in corporate capital and its impact on investment's sensitivity to funding costs. I show that the rising share of intangibles in U.S firms' assets significantly dampens the stimulus effect of interest rate shocks. For a given surprise change to the fed funds rate, a one standard deviation above the mean in intangible capital intensity mutes investment's response by more than 30%. These results hold in robust specifications, when isolating the pure interest rate effect, and controlling for other known factors such as leverage and firm growth. A number of characteristics of intangible capital can potentially explain the heterogeneous responses: collateral value, adjustment costs, project duration and de- preciation rates. I propose a structural interpretation of the empirical findings in a quantitative general equilibrium model of heterogeneous firms. Under a reasonable calibration, the model's insights indicate that the higher depreciation tax shield from intangible capital investment quantitatively plays the main role in driving the results. I present further empirical evidence for this channel by focusing on negative profit firms.
by Zaki Dernaoui.
S.M. in Management Research
S.M.inManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Kumar, Madhav S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Discount bundling via dense product embeddings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126969.
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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-52).
Bundling, the practice of jointly selling two or more products at a discount, is a widely used strategy in industry and a well examined concept in academia. Historically, the focus has been on theoretical studies in the context of monopolistic firms and assumed product relationships, e.g., complementarity in usage. We develop a new machine-learning-driven methodology for designing bundles in a large-scale, cross-category retail setting. We leverage historical purchases and consideration sets created from click-stream data to generate dense continuous representations of products called embeddings. We then put minimal structure on these embeddings and develop heuristics for complementarity and substitutability among products. Subsequently, we use the heuristics to create multiple bundles for each product and test their performance using a field experiment with a large retailer. We combine the results from the experiment with product embeddings using a hierarchical model that maps bundle features to their purchase likelihood, as measured by the add-to-cart rate. We find that our embeddings-based heuristics are strong predictors of bundle success, robust across product categories, and generalize well to the retailer's entire assortment.
by Madhav Kumar.
S.M. in Management Research
S.M.inManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Dauphin, Gabriel. "Application des représentations diffusives à temps discret." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005780.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans une thématique de recherche sur l'étude des opérateurs pseudo-différentiels sous représentations diffusives ; l'intégration fractionnaire est un exemple devenu classique d'opérateurs diffusifs.Le première partie consiste en la mise en place des représentations diffusives à temps discret. Certains filtres non-relationnels, notamment les différences frationnaires, sont une agrégation continue de dynamiques purement amorties. Les représentations diffusives s'appliquent à toutes les discrétisations de l'intégration fractionnaire y compris celles pour lesquelles la fonction de transfert n'est pas connue analytiquement. Les filtres diffusifs peuvent être réalisés par un système de dimension infinie. Cette structure est un cadre adapté à l'approximation par un filtre relationnel, à l'analyse asymptotique aux temps longs et à l'élaboration d'un critère de dissipativité.
La deuxième partie consiste à appliquer ces outils pour l'étude des couplages formés de filtres diffusifs et de filtres rationnels positifs. L'application d'un critère de Nyquist prouve la stabilité énergétique. Ces couplages sont en fait la somme d'une partie entière et d'une partie diffusive, ce résultat de décomposition montre que certains couplages sont stables EBSB (entrée-bornée, sortie-bornée). La dissipativité de la réalisation diffusive ainsi que le lemme de Kalman-Yacubovich-Popov montrent notamment la stabilité interne de ces couplages ; une démonstration originale du caractère asymptotique de la stabilité interne est ainsi proposée. Les approches utilisées pour prouver ces stabiblités permettent une analyse asymptotique aux temps longs.
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Bracquemond, Cyril. "Modélisation stochastique du vieillissement en temps discret." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004670.
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Dans les études de fiabilité, il est possible que les durées de vie s'expriment par des valeurs entières. C'est le cas par exemple pour des appareils fonctionnant à la sollicitation. Le but de cette thèse est de revisiter les concepts classiques de la fiabilité des systèmes non réparables, quand on suppose que le temps est discret. Les grandeurs usuelles de la fiabilité en temps discret sont définies, ainsi que les principales notions de vieillissement. Nous passons ensuite en revue les principaux modèles de fiabilité que nous avons classés en trois familles à la suite de notre étude bibliographique. Après avoir mis en évidence qu'un certain nombre de différences entre les notions de fiabilité usuelles en temps continu et leurs équivalents en temps discret sont dues à la définition du taux de défaillance en temps discret, nous proposons une nouvelle définition qui résout les problèmes rencontrés. L'estimation non paramétrique des fonctions pouvant caractériser le vieillissement est traitée et nous donnons des résultats d'estimation ponctuelle, par intervalle et bande de confiance pour le taux de défaillance (usuel). L'estimation paramétrique des modèles de fiabilité est également abordée, avec une section importante consacrée à la loi géométrique dont les estimateurs sont explicites, contrairement à la plupart des autres lois discrètes. Un état de l'art des tests d'adéquation statistiques aux lois discrètes est présenté. Nous proposons un test basé sur la transformation de Smirnov généralisée dont la puissance est étudiée pour tester l'adéquation aux lois géométrique et Weibull de type I.
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Teh, Louise Siok Ling. "Discount rates, small-scale fisheries, and sustainability." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39821.
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In the face of overexploited and declining fisheries worldwide, a question that is central to the future sustainability of fisheries resources is how willing are fishers to sacrifice their current fishery benefits in order to be able to enjoy higher benefits in the future? Fishers’ rate of time preference, or discount rate, indicates how willing they are to delay current consumption, and is the primary topic of investigation in this thesis. I aim to answer three research questions, focusing on small-scale reef fisheries in developing countries: 1) what is the discount rate of fishers?; 2) what socio-economic conditions predict low discounting behaviour among fishers?; and 3) are discount rates reflective of the exploitation status of fisheries? I use an experimental economics approach to elicit fishers’ discount rates in Sabah (Malaysia) and Fiji, and then use regression analysis to identify the predictors of low discount rates. Further, I integrate economic and ecological concepts to infer fishers’ private discount rates, as well as to explore whether discount rates are representative of fisheries exploitation status. My main findings are that, first, small-scale reef fishers have high discount rates, with a plausible average annual range of 100 to 300%. This appears to apply to fishers in both open access (Sabah), as well as traditionally managed (Fiji) reef fisheries. There is a surprisingly larger proportion of fishers with low discount rates in the open access, compared to the traditionally managed fishery. Second, site and fishery level variables predict low discount rates among fishers, but the effect is different depending on the local socio-economic context. Overall however, it is not clear what specific site level dynamics contribute to the lower observed discount rates in Sabah. Lastly, I find that official discount rates that are used for policy making appear to be too low to fully reflect the short term outlook of reef fishers. Fishers’ higher private discount rates may be more likely to capture the exploitations status, and may be more appropriate to use for evaluating policies that affect fishers’ current and future fishing activities.
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Yuen, Sze Wai. "Individual vs. Aggregate Decision Making – Diversification Discount." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/477.
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This paper studies via experimental setting whether diversification discount exists and what factors affect the magnitude of the discount. The results suggest that experience before decision increases the likelihood of exercising the real option of conglomerates. People are also more likely to convert if it is less risky to do so.
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Hoffleit, André. "Discount-Zertifikate im Portfoliomanagement : Aktienmarktschwankungen gezielt nutzen /." Frankfurt am Main : Bankakademie-Verl, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010686338&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Bättig, Reto. "The Valuation of Discount Certificates in Switzerland." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02603900002/$FILE/02603900002.pdf.
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Zitouna, Souha. "Les Valeurs extrêmes dans le cas discret." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601990w.
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Dauphin, Gabriel. "Application des représentations diffusives au temps discret /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38946293p.
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FERNANDES, CRISTIANO AUGUSTO COELHO. "LINEAR GROWTH BAYESIAN MODEL USING DISCOUNT FACTORS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1985. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9308@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOO objetivo principal desta dissertação é descrever e discutir o Modelo Bayesiano de Crescimento Linear Sazonal, formulação Estados múltiplos, utilizando descontos. As idéias originais deste modelo foram desenvolvidas por Ameen e Harrison. Na primeira parte do trabalho (capítulos 2 e 3) apresentamos idéias bem gerais sobre Séries Temporais e os principais modelos da literatura. A segunda parte (capítulos 4, 5 e 6) é dedicada à Estatística Bayesiana (conceitos gerais), ao MDL na sua formulação original, e ao nosso modelo de interesse. São apresentadas algumas sugestões operacionais e um fluxograma de operação do modelo, com vistas a uma futura implementação computacional.
The aim of this thesis is to discuss in details the Multiprocess Linear Grawth Bayesian Model for seasonal and/or nonseasonal series, using discount factors. The original formulation of this model was put forward recently by Ameen and Harrison. In the first part of the thesis (chapters 2 and 3) we show some general concepts related to time series and time series modelling, whereas in the second (chapters 4, 5 and 6) we formally presented / the Bayesian formulation of the proposed model. A flow chart and some optional parameter setings aiming a computational implementation is also presented.
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Cordeiro, Fernando Luiz Pereira. "An Essay on stochastic discount factor decomposition." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24212.
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In this work, we use the framework developed by Christensen (2017) and Hansen and Scheinkman (2009) to study the long-term interest rates in the US and Brazil. In our first set of results, we assess Christensen (2017) estimator using Monte Carlo simulations in order to evaluate the estimator performance in the rare disasters and habit formation asset pricing models. Generally, the estimation quality is not uniform and, in some cases, requires a large sample size to attain reasonable results. Next, we apply the nonparametric estimation to US and Brazilian data and estimate how the yield of a long-term zero-coupon bond responds to the initial state of the economy. Using a flexible specification for the state process leads to an interesting non-linear response of the yield to changes in the initial state. We find that the Brazilian long-term interest rate is about 5.3% per year.
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Hulin, Jérôme. "Axe médiant discret : propriétés arithmétiques et algorithmes." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22086.pdf.
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L’axe médian est un outil géométrique largement utilisé dans de nombreux domaines de l’analyse d’image. En géométrie discrète, l’axe médian d’une forme est l’ensemble des centres des boules maximales dans la forme. Ses propriétées ainsi que son calcul sont étroitement liés à la famille de distance utilisée pour définir les boules. Dans ce mémoire, nous proposons plusieurs contributions, théoriques et algorithmiques, pour les distances les plus utilisées dans le domaine, à savoir la distance euclidienne et les normes de chanfrein : nous donnons une caractérisation des normes de chanfrein ; nous étudions le voisinage de test nécessaire et suffisant pour le calcul de l’axe médian discret, pour la distance euclidienne et les normes de chanfrein 5 × 5 ; enfin, nous prouvons que trouver une couverture minimum d’un objet discret par des boules euclidiennes est NP-difficileThe medial axis is a geometric tool widely used in image analysis. In discrete geometry, the medial axis of a shape is the set of centres of the maximal balls of the shape. Its properties and its computation depend on the considered metric. In this thesis, we propose theoretical and algorithmic contributions for the most popular metrics used in the domain, the Euclidean distance and the chamfer (or weighted) norms: we give a characterization of the chamfer norms; we study the test neighbourhood necessary and sufficient to compute the medial axis, for the Euclidean distance and the 5 × 5 chamfer norms; finally we prove that finding a minimum covering of a discrete shape with Euclidean balls is an NP-hard problem
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Harnpanichpun, Niruhn. "Reseaux de files d'attente a temps discret." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066147.
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Cette these traite des reseaux de files d'attente avec des transitions en batch. Elle comporte trois grandes parties, chacune a pour objectif de definir un modele de reseaux de files d'attente a forme produit. Dans ces trois modeles, la discipline late arrival est appliquee sur les transitions d'etat. Le premier modele represente des reseaux de files d'attente en serie avec des arrivees geometriques en batch et des services en batch dont le nombre de clients suit une loi de distribution geometrique tronquee. Les sorties s'effectuent au debut du slot suivant. Le second modele decrit des reseaux de files d'attente fermes dans lesquels les departs des noeuds s'effectuent a chaque slot, suivant une loi de poisson tronquee. Dans ce modele, l'existence de trois niveaux hierarchiques d'equations de balance parmi les groupes de clients effectuant des transitions a chaque slot a ete demontre: balance locale par groupe, balance par taille de groupe et balance globale. Le dernier modele concerne des reseaux de files d'attente fermes multiclasses. Il est prouve que ce modele de type priorite, possede egalement la propriete de verifier des balances locales par groupe parmi des groupes de clients en transition. Le cas avec des transitions en batch limitees est aussi traite dans les modeles de reseaux de files d'attente fermes
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Nguenamadji, Orntangar. "Dynamique walrasienne en temps discret avec myopie." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010071.
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Cette thèse a pour objet de proposer un cadre théorique inspiré des travaux autour du non-tâtonnement dans la ligne Smale (1976), Champsaur et Cornet (1990), Bottazzi (1994), Giraud(2010). Au delà de la tentative de résolution du problème de la description des processus d'échanges, elle vise aussi à proposer un modèle finalement macroéconomique qui prenne en compte de manière explicite la micro-structure des échanges. Elle est composée de quatre chapitres dont le premier est un rappel des principaux travaux sur le non-tâtonnement, suivi d'une présentation de l'approche que nous proposons pour aborder le problème ci-dessus cité. Les trois derniers fournissent le détail des principaux résultats. Ceux-ci s'organisent autour de trois articles qui ont marqué les grandes étapes de notre recherche. Le premier article est consacré à la définition d'une économie locale ayant de bonnes propriétés et qui servent de fondement à la dynamique que nous voulons définir. Cette économie locale est définie par la restriction des échanges au moyen d'un paramètre « tau ». La principale propriété recherchée pour cette microstructure (l'économie locale) est l'unicité de l'équilibre. Nous avons montré que pour « tau » suffisamment petit, l'économie locale admet un unique équilibre normalisé. Dans le deuxième papier nous avons défini au moyen du concept d'économie locale du premier papier une dynamique en temps discret. Le principal résultat est la convergence vers un optimum de Pareto en un nombre fini d'étapes. Dans le dernier papier nous avons introduit la monnaie dans le modèle dynamique en temps discret au moyen d'une contrainte de cash et d'un marché monétaire. Nous en avons tiré quelques interprétations en terme de politique monétaire dans le cadre de notre modèle.
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Dauphin, Gabriel. "Application des représentations diffusives au temps discret." Paris, ENST, 2001. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005780.
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Steele, Tim. "Discount Ceremony: a Collection of Short Stories." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4503.
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"Discount Ceremony" explores characters who find themselves in adrift states, searching for meaning and connection. Elements of magical realism present themselves in reflection of emotion and theme. Many of the characters within this collection are grappling with feelings of stagnancy, seeking solace and transcendence within small moments of intimacy. In "Dirt", a lonely office worker seeks comfort in the form of a new pet, which happens to be a pile of dirt. In "Static," a woman in stasis discovers a mysterious tree growing in her closet. In "Jane Untitled," the character of Jane grapples with a fear of aging while dealing with perpetually wet parents and a disappearing boyfriend. In "Discount Ceremony," Jacey tries to cope with relentlessly greasy hair while seeking happiness and intimacy in the small scope of her daily life. "The Sister" finds Jason encountering a pseudo-family member who brings comfort despite the lack of biological relation. In "The Melamorphosis," Mason's body transforms into that of his girlfriend Mel, prompting a re-examination of selfhood and their relationship. "At a Bar in Texas" explores the empty spaces Carson's life has come to involve as she ponders the importance of her new braces. In "HAZMAT," Maggie is haunted by her use of humor as a shield, and experiences increasing alienation when her world starts fading out. In "Mute," a radio DJ discovers a skull in her laundry basket, leading to a downward spiral of identity erosion. "The Cactuses are Turning Gray" involves Penny trying to cope with life in a decaying world, seeking connection through Dane, her only neighbor. Finally, in "Travis in Hollywood," Travis finds his world slowly unraveling as his best friend ascends to stardom, leaving him feeling disconnected from the elements of life he finds meaning in.
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Kebísek, Tomáš. "Fúze společností Penny Market a Plus Discount." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-18219.
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Pierrot, Cécile. "Le logarithme discret dans les corps finis." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066495/document.
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La cryptologie consiste en l’étude des techniques utilisées par deux entités pour communiquer en secret en présence d’une troisième. Les propriétés mathématiques qui sous-tendent ces techniques garantissent que leur attaque reste infaisable en pratique par un adversaire malveillant. Ainsi, les protocoles s’appuient sur diverses hypothèses, comme la di fficulté présumée de factoriser des entiers ou de calculer le logarithme discret d’un élément arbitraire dans certains groupes. Cette thèse qui porte sur le problème du logarithme discret dans les corps finis s’articule autour de trois volets.Nous exposons les résultats théoriques associés au problème sans considération du groupe cible, détaillant ainsi les classes de complexité auxquelles il appartient ainsi que di fférentes approches pour tenter de le résoudre.L’étude du problème dans les corps finis commence en tant que telle par les corps présentant une caractéristique de petite taille relativement à l’ordre total du corps en question. Cette seconde partie résulte sur l’exposition d’un algorithme par représentation de Frobenius dont une application a aboutit au record actuel de calcul de logarithme discret en caractéristique 3.Pour les corps de moyenne ou grande caractéristiques, une autre méthode est requise. Le crible par corps de nombres (NFS) multiples obtient les complexités asymptotiques les plus basses pour un corps arbitraire. Un dernier chapitre introduit la notion de matrice presque creuse. L’élaboration d’un nouvel algorithme spécifique qui explicite le noyau d’une telle matrice facilite en pratique l’étape d’algèbre sous-jacente à toute variante de NFSCryptography is the study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties, also called adversaries. Such techniques are detailed in cryptosystems, explaining how to securely encode and decode messages. They are designed around computational hardness assumptions related to mathematical properties, making such algorithms hard to break in practice by any adversary. These protocols are based on the computational difficulty of various problems which often come from number theory, such as integer factorization or discrete logarithms computations. This manuscript focuses on the discrete logarithm problem in finite fields and revolves around three axes.First we detail classical results about the problem without any consideration to the target group. We deal with complexity classes and some general methods that do not need any information on the group.The study of the discrete logarithm problem in finite fields starts with small characteristic ones. The aim is to present a Frobenius representation algorithm that leads to the current discrete logarithm record in characteristic 3.For medium or large characteristics finite fields, another approach is required. The multiple number field sieve reaches the best asymptotic heuristic complexities for this double range of characteristics. We also introduce the notion of nearly sparse matrices. Designing a new algorithm dedicated to explicitly give the kernel of such a matrix eases in practice the linear algebra step of any variant of the number field sieve
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Noronha, Miguel de. "Acquisition of Plus Discount by Jerónimo Martins." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9638.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsOn the 21st of December 2007, Jerónimo Martins announced that it was acquiring the Plus Discount chain of stores in Poland and in Portugal. This was an excellent opportunity to strengthen even more the leading position of Jerónimo Martins in the hard discount sector of the Polish retail market, through the chain Biedronka. This case study will analyze the main motives for this acquisition and contextualize it in the strategy of Jerónimo Martins for Poland. The main elements of the valuation of the chain Plus Discount will also be discussed throughout the case.
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Guardado, Carolina Mendonça. "Hérnias discais toracolombares: tratamento médico e cirúrgico." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/901.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaAs Hérnias discais toracolombares são uma patologia frequentemente diagnosticada em cães e uma das mais frequentes causas de perda de qualidade de vida de um animal. Consistem na extrusão (Hansen tipo I) ou protusão (Hansen tipo II) de material de disco intervertebral, que provoca uma compressão medular com diversos graus de intensidade e que causa sintomatologia neurológica ao nível dos membros posteriores. Esta pode variar de uma ligeira ataxia a uma completa paralisia. O diagnóstico normalmente passa pela realização de uma mielografia que evidencie a presença de um estreitamento do canal vertebral na zona da medula toracolombar. Existem numerosas alternativas de tratamento de acordo com a disfunção apresentada pelo animal. Se o animal ainda se encontra em estado ambulatório, pode ser considerado a realização de um tratamento médico, que consiste no confinamento do animal a um espaço reduzido, tendo como objectivo restringir a movimentação do animal e criar estabilidade que impeça o agravamento do estado neurológico do animal. Pode ou não ser efectuada uma terapia corticosteróide, com o objectivo de reduzir o edema e a inflamação da zona de medula agredida, mas esta vertente do tratamento é bastante controversa e ainda é objecto de diversos estudos abordados ao longo do trabalho. Esse tipo de tratamento médico normalmente não é curativo e portanto pode sempre optar-se pela resolução cirúrgica. Existem inúmeras técnicas de descompressão medular, mas todas elas têm como objectivo a entrada no canal vertebral, na zona de compressão já anteriormente confirmada e definida por meios imagiológicos de diagnóstico, e a remoção de todo o material de disco em protusão ou extrusão. Corrigindo o defeito, pretende-se criar condições de recuperação do quadro neurológico. A realização de fisioterapia pós-cirurgia adequada, é de enorme importância na recuperação funcional do paciente, estimulando a movimentação do animal, de modo a incentivá-lo à recuperação. Um bom acompanhamento de fisioterapia é estimulante tanto para o paciente, como para o proprietário que se entusiasma com todo o tipo de resultados positivos conquistados.
ABSTRACT - The thoracolumbar discal hernias are frequent in dogs and are one of the most common causes of loss of quality of life. They consist in the extrusion (Hansen type I) or protrusion (Hansen Type II) of material from the intravertebral disc and causes a medullar compression with numerous grades of intensity, associated with neurological signs in the posterior limbs. This signs may vary from a small ataxia to a complete paralysis. The diagnosis is made using myelography that shows the presence of a straightening of the vertebral canal in the thoracolumbar area. There are numerous treatment alternatives according to the dysfunction presented by the animal. If it is ambulatory it may be considered the medical treatment, which consists in confining the animal to a small area so he can not move, creating this way the stability needed for the animal to avoid getting any worse neurologically. Corticotheraphy, can be done with the purpose of reducing the edema and inflammation in the area of the spinal cord that was compressed, but this treatment is still controversial and there are a lot of studies made on this subject that will be presented on this report. This kind of treatment is not a curative one so we can always choose to act surgically. There are a lot of techniques that can be used but the objective is always to decompress the spinal cord by entering the vertebral channel and removing all the material that is extruded or protruded. The purpose is the recovering from all neurological signs. Post-surgical physiotherapy is decisive to stimulate the movement of the animal and encourage it to recover. It is also very gratifying for the owner to see all the improvement in is pet.
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Gusmão, Rita Remédios Vaz de Almeida. "Resolução de hérnias discais por mínima invasão." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21114.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaÉ importante sublinhar que as hérnias discais em cães são uma doença relativamente comum. Embora os animais condrodistróficos apresentem uma maior predisposição para contrair a doença, esta afeção também pode afetar raças não-condrodistróficas. No entanto, a apresentação clínica e o respetivo prognóstico são variados. Os cães podem não apresentar sinais clínicos tal como podem desenvolver paresia e paralisia dos membros assim como perda da perceção da dor. Além disso, deve-se ressaltar que a TAC ou a RM confirmam o diagnóstico, podendo ser usado contraste em casos duvidosos e/ou mais complexos. Assim, o tratamento pode ser médico ou cirúrgico, dependendo do grau de comprometimento da medula espinhal e do estado clínico do animal. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi validar uma nova técnica cirúrgica, apresentando métodos de abordagem cirúrgica inovadores, minimamente invasivos alternativos aos métodos clássicos, visando complementar as opções de tratamento das hérnias discais. Assim, realizaram-se duas técnicas endoscópicas, tendo sido feita prévia avaliação clínica e imagiológica. A mini-hemilaminectomia endoscópica uniportal e a pediculectomia endoscópica foram as duas técnicas estudadas e realizadas. Ambas permitiram a remoção de material herniado. Concluindo, é possível remover material discal por mínima invasão, sendo necessário mais estudos em animais vivos para avaliar possíveis limitações desta técnica. Nos dias de hoje, tem havido cada vez mais preocupação com o bem-estar animal, sendo fundamental investir e dar preferência a métodos minimamente invasivos.
ABSTRACT - RESOLUTION OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HERNIATION BY MINIMAL INVASION - It is noteworthy that intervertebral disc herniation in dogs is a relatively common pathology. Although chondrodystrophic animals show higher predisposition for catching the disease, this pathology can also affect non-chondrodystrophic breeds. However, dogs can manifest multiple clinical prognoses. Even if the dogs don´t show any clinical signs, it is possible to develop paresis and paralysis of the limbs as well as loss of pain perception. Furthermore, it should be noted that CT or MRI confirms the diagnosis, where contrast can be used in dubious and/or more complex cases. In the meantime, it must be mentioned that the treatment can be medical or surgical, depending on the degree of spinal cord involvement and on the clinical status of the animal. The purpose of the current work was to validate a new surgical technique, illustrating innovative surgical procedures, minimally invasive methods of surgical approach alternative to classic methods, aiming to complement the treatment options for herniated discs. Thus, two endoscopic techniques were performed with a previous clinical and imaging evaluation. Uniportal endoscopic mini-hemilaminectomy and endoscopic pediculectomy were the two techniques studied and performed. Both allowed the removal of herniated material. In conclusion, it is possible to remove intervertebral disc material by minimal invasion, but further investigation in live dogs is necessary to discern any clinical limitations to this technique. Nowadays, there has been a significant increase in concern regarding animal welfare, wherefore it is crucial to invest and to give preference to minimally invasive methods.
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Nemorin, Florence. "Cruralgie parésiante par hernie discale extra-foraminale : à propos de sept cas opérés et revue de la littérature." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11018.
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Johar, Telo, and Amin Klai. "Examining the Factors that Impact the Discount to Net Asset Value and the Difference in Discount between Different Investment Companies." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254310.
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A discount to the net asset value of Swedish investment companies is something that have existed for decades and a general explanation for the cause have not been found. The aim of this thesis is to find the the factors that impact the discount to net asset value of Swedish investment companies. The result will later be used to for comparison to gain a better understanding of the different causes behind the discount and in what way they differ among the companies. This will be done by using regression analysis. The results indicate that unlisted holdings contribute greatly to the discount but can't be used as a general explanation for the discount as investment companies which only hold listed holdings trade at a discount as well. Furthermore when foreign ownership or institutional ownership of the investment companies increase, the discount decreases as it signals to the market that their value is fair.En substansrabatt hos svenska investmentbolag är något som har existerat i årtionden, men ändå har ingen generell förklaring till dessa kunnat hittats. Detta kandidatexamensarbete syftar att försöka hitta de variabler som ger upphov till substansrabatt hos svenska investmentbolag. Resultatet används sedan för att med jämförelse förstå de olika orsakerna som ger upphov till rabatten och varför det inte är samma förklaring mellan de olika bolagen. Resultaten indikerade att olistade bolag bidrar stort till rabatten men att det inte kan användas som en generell förklaring då det finns investmentbolag med en portfölj som bara innehåller listade bolag men som ändå har en substansrabatt. Vidare visar det sig att substansrabatten minskar när andelen utländsk eller institutionellt ägande av investmentbolaget ökar eftersom det signalerar till marknaden att det nuvarande priset är attraktivt.
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Zheng, Juntian. "Analysis of the Discount Factors in Swap Valuation." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126548.
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Rousseau, Marc-Antoine. "Arthroplastie discale cervicale : moyens d'évaluation et analyse biomécanique." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003381.
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Le remplacement du disque intervertébral par une prothèse est une procédure chirurgicale innovante au rachis cervical. Le but de notre travail était d'étudier fonctionnement biomécanique de prothèses discales cervicales, en tenant compte de l'effet des éléments anatomiques après implantation, avec un intérêt spécifique pour l'influence de la variation de la géométrie des implants. La modélisation en éléments finis en 3D nous a permis de constater que les déplacements et les contraintes dans la prothèse et dans les facettes articulaires varient en fonction des paramètres géométriques (rayon et centre) dans le cas de des prothèses à emboîtement sphérique. Malgré une grande variabilité interindividuelle in vivo, l'analyse cinématique des radiographies dynamiques de deux séries de patients porteurs de prothèses à emboîtement sphérique différentes nous a permis observer l'influence de la position du centre géométrique sur le centre moyen de rotation en flexion / extension. Le développement de la stéréoradiographie EOS® pour le rachis cervical nous a conduit d'abord à valider l'utilisation de ce système puis a permis d'étudier un type différent de prothèse (à plateau mobile) dans des déplacements 3D. Nos résultats montrent l'importance des paramètres géométriques des prothèses articulées cervicales. L'interaction cinématique de la prothèse implantée avec les autres éléments du segment mobile rachidien suggère l'intérêt de la modélisation personnalisée dans la prise en charge des patients.
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Prud'homme, David. "Mécanisme de la hernie discale : modélisation non-linéaire." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/96/1/PRUD'HOMME_David.pdf.
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Les affections vertébrales sont classées comme la maladie du siècle. Les secteurs les
plus touchés sont ceux où le travail manuel prédomine. Plus spécifiquement, le disque
intervertébral est la structure anatomique la plus impliquée dans la formation de la
pathologie lombaire (Rannou, 2006),
L'étude présentée dans ce document propose deux modèles pour simuler le
comportement du système vertébral L5-S1. L'objectif de ce modèle est de comprendre
davantage le mécanisme lésionnel de la hernie discale et les conditions le rendant
opérationnel. Divers cas d'analyses sont proposés pour des chargements simples ou
complexes.
Pour s'assurer de la validité de la stratégie de recherche utilisée, nous avons développé
deux modèles : un modèle numérique et un modèle analytique. Les résultats de ces
modèles ont été confrontés, puis comparés aux résultats scientifiques proposés dans la
littérature.
Le modèle analytique comprenait les conditions frontières des vertèbres et du disque
pour délimiter le système vertèbre L5-S1, L'application de la théorie de résistances des
matériaux nous a permis d'évaluer les contraintes dues à la flexion et la pression intradiscale.
Le modèle numérique a été construit à l'aide du logiciel ANSYS 7.1. Il a dû respecter
les caractéristiques linéaires et non-linéaires des matériaux, la géométrie et la taille des
vertèbres ainsi que les modes de chargement propres aux conditions pouvant être
rencontrées quotidiennement par les travailleurs. Une fois les composantes du groupe
vertèbre L5-S1 maillées adéquatement, une analyse a été lancée jusqu'à convergence
des résultats.
Les résultats obtenus avec le modèle concordent avec ceux de la littérature, La
simulation d'un chargement combiné (flexion latérale, torsion, pression interne) a
montré une contrainte plus élevée au site postérieur. Nous soulignons l'importance du
ligament longitudinal postérieur dans la rétention de la matière du nucleus pulposus.
Nous posons l'hypothèse que par son action, le ligament longitudinal postérieur fait fuir
le matériel discal de la zone la plus contrainte, vers le site postéro latéral.
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Edge, Paul. "Economic capital, real options and stochastic discount factors." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526379.
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Prud'homme, David. "Mécanisme de la hernie discale : modélisation non-linéaire /." Thèse, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459925051&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=46962&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thèse (M. Ing.) -- École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, 2008."Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie mécanique". CaQMUQET Bibliogr. : f. 150-155. Également disponible en version électronique. CaQMUQET
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Norek, Christopher David. "Functional shiftability in the mass merchandising discount channel." Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261495542.
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Farnsworth, Heber K. "Evaluating stochastic discount factors from term structure models /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8786.
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Ramos, Inajara Vargas. "Estágios curriculares: autonomia inconteste e protagonismo discente revelados." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3361.
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Esta tese, ao dar voz a estudantes estagiários dos cursos de Direito e Enfermagem de uma universidade comunitária do Rio Grande do Sul, procurou desvelar o significado que os estágios curriculares, obrigatórios e não obrigatórios, assumem na formação acadêmica e profissional desses estudantes e nas estruturas curriculares dos seus cursos de graduação. Para tanto, foram ouvidos duzentos e setenta e dois estudantes e as coordenações de ambos os cursos, por meio de entrevistas estruturadas e semiestruturadas em profundidade, seguindo a abordagem quali/quanti. A etapa qualitativa de inspiração etnográfica valeu-se da análise de conteúdo para o tratamento dos dados, e a etapa quantitativa, caracterizada como pesquisa conclusiva descritiva, do tipo levantamento de campo, foi analisada estatisticamente; como procedimento de pesquisa, utilizou-se, também, a análise documental. A discussão das dimensões experiência, profissionalização, relação teoria/prática, formação, campo e habitus, referenciadas em expoentes como Larrosa, Dewey, Dubar, Vázquez, Charlot e Bourdieu, dentre outros, contribuiu sobremaneira para unir os fios que foram sendo propositalmente "esquecidos" pelas análises, tecendo as redes que levaram a pesquisa à sua culminância. Assim, justificando a tese, o estudo aponta que os currículos dos cursos de graduação têm muito a ganhar explorando as consequências e os resultados dos estágios curriculares, principalmente se as coordenações perceberem que as experiências vivenciadas pelos estagiários promovem a autonomia e o protagonismo discente. A universidade procura permanentemente consolidar a interdisciplinaridade, a indissociabilidade ensino-pesquisa-extensão e o desenvolvimento da autonomia intelectual do estudante e não reconhece, nos estágios curriculares, qualquer que seja a modalidade, oportunidades reais e incontestáveis para atingir os objetivos que ratificam a razão do seu fazer.
This thesis by giving voice to student trainees from law and nursing courses of a community college in Rio Grande do Sul sought to unveil to meaning that the curricular internships, mandatory or not mandatory, assume in the academic and professional formation of these students and in the curriculum structure of their undergraduate courses. For that, two hundred and seventy two students and the coordination of both courses were heard, through in-depth structured and semi-structured interviews, following a qualitative/quantitative approach. The qualitative stage of ethnographic inspiration used the content analysis for the data treatment and the quantitative stage, characterized as descriptive conclusive research, field survey type, was analyzed statistically; as a research procedure, documental analysis was used too. The discussion of the dimensions experience, professionalization, theory/practice relation, formation, field and habitus, referenced in exponents such as Larrosa, Dewey, Dubar, Vázquez, Charlot and Bourdieu, amongst others, contributed greatly to unite the strings purposely forgotten by the analysis, threading the nets that brought the research to its acme. Thus, justifying the thesis, the study points that the curriculum of the undergraduate courses has much to gain by exploring the consequences and results of the curricular internships, mainly if the coordinations realize that the experiences lived by the trainees promote the student’s autonomy and independence. The university searches permanently to consolidate the interdisciplinary, the teaching-research-extension inseparability and the development of the student’s intellectual independency and doesn’t recognize the curricular internship, in its both modalities, as real and undisputed opportunities to achieve the objectives that justify the reason of its doing.
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Carvalho, Maria Regina Viveiros de. "Formação docente e desempenho discente na Educação Básica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32141.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Gestão de Políticas Públicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Mestrado Profissional em Administração Pública, 2018.Submitted by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-06-25T21:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_MariaReginaViveirosdeCarvalho.pdf: 4422714 bytes, checksum: e1e0875eda181aeceb735233e15c83ad (MD5)
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São frequentes os debates na literatura sobre os diversos fatores que impactam o processo de aprendizado e o desempenho dos estudantes, mas a relação entre a formação do docente e esse desempenho ainda tem sido pouco estudada no contexto brasileiro. Essa pesquisa busca expandir o conhecimento dentro desse escopo específico, ao analisar relações entre o perfil de formação dos professores e o desempenho dos alunos, gerando informações que podem contribuir para a compreensão dos resultados da política de formação de professores. O método aplicado foi quantitativo, utilizando análises de regressão múltipla sobre dados publicados pelo INEP (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira). Além das médias de desempenho na Prova Brasil, calculadas para as escolas, as análises utilizaram os seguintes indicadores educacionais escolares: indicador de Adequação da Formação Docente, percentual de Docentes com Curso Superior, indicador de Esforço Docente, indicador de Regularidade do Docente, indicador do Nível Socioeconômico da escola. Foram analisadas as relações entre o percentual de professores que possuem curso superior e o desempenho mensurado para as escolas com 4° séries/ 5° anos, e as relações entre o percentual de professores com formação adequada à disciplina que ministram e o desempenho das escolas com 8° séries/ 9° anos, em ambos os casos para as disciplinas de Língua Portuguesa e Matemática, contextualizado pelos demais indicadores. Os resultados apurados nesse estudo indicaram que, nos quatro modelos analisados, a formação do professor está relacionada ao desempenho do estudante, avaliado em médias escolares, com efeitos positivos, mas de menor intensidade quando comparado ao efeito do nível socioeconômico da escola. O poder explicativo dos modelos variou entre aproximadamente 30 a 48%. Embora em menor intensidade, o efeito encontrado foi coerente com a hipótese baseada na revisão teórica, no sentido de que investimentos em políticas de formação do professor podem se constituir instrumentos de investimento na qualidade da educação.
Debates about factors that impact learning processes and student performance are frequent in literature. Studies focused on relationship between teacher education and student performance, however, are still little studied in Brazilian context. This research seeks to expand knowledge within that specific scope, analyzing predictive relationships between teacher education profile and their student’s performance, generating information that can contribute for the understanding of the results of teacher education policies. The applied method is quantitative, using multiple regression on data published by INEP (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira). In addition to performance average scores from Prova Brasil, calculated for schools, the analysis uses the following educational school’s indicators: Indicator of Adequacy of Teacher Training, percentage of Teachers with Higher Education, indicator of Teaching Effort, indicator of Teacher Regularity, indicator of Socioeconomic Level of the school. The relationship between the percentage of teachers with higher education and the performance measured for 4th grade / 5th grade schools is analyzed, besides the relationships between the percentage of teachers with adequate training in the subject they teach and the performance of schools with 8th grade / 9th grade, controlled by the other indicators, both for Portuguese Language and for Mathematic subjects. Results show that, in all four studied models, teacher education is related to student performance, evaluated by school’s average scores, with positive effects but low intensity when compared to the effect of socioeconomic levels. The explanatory power of the models varied approximately between 30% to 48%. Although with lower intensity, the effect was coherent with the hypothesis formulated based on the theory revision, pointing to the fact that investments in teacher education policies can be instruments of investment in the quality of education.