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Journal articles on the topic 'Disciplinary awareness'

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1

Rakulan, R., and V. A. Malathy. "DISCIPLINARY AWARENESS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 5(SE) (May 31, 2017): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5(se).2017.1961.

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School students need clear boundaries: boundaries that adults - parents as well as teachers - must set. We cannot abdicate our responsibility when students move outside those boundaries. To do that is to betray children, because the consequences of bad behaviour are so damaging It is the duty of the parents and teachers to create disciplinary awareness. The study aimed to examine the disciplinary awareness among secondary school students. The investigator adopted survey method to study the disciplinary awareness among school students. For this study a sample of 300 school students from 5 Govt and Private schools which are situated in and around Udumalpet town of Tirupur district in Tamil Nadu were selected by the investigator using simple random sampling technique. The findings reveal that 28.33% of the school students belong to low level of disciplinary awareness, 43.66% of school students the belong to moderate level of disciplinary awareness, 28% of school students belong to high level of disciplinary awareness. Also it is found that there is a significant difference in attitude towards disciplinary awareness between male and female among school students. Females possess better disciplinary awareness than male students.
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Hamilton, A., and Miss L. Williams. "Injury awareness for children — a multi-disciplinary response." Injury 25 (January 1994): SB21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-1383(94)90220-8.

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Bendix, Regina F. "Problems Don’t Care about Disciplinary Boundaries." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 29, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2020.290207.

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Interdisciplinary collaboration is a sensible approach for addressing complex problems. However, academic training and the resulting disciplinary habitus (and competition) often leave such collaborative skills woefully underdeveloped. This contribution outlines how ethnographic sensibilities and skills may contribute to overcoming borders between disciplinary practitioners and enhancing self-awareness within and across scientific and scholarly practice. It thus proposes ethnographic attention as interdisciplinary midwifery.
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McIntosh, Kent, Keith Smolkowski, Cody M. Gion, Lauren Witherspoon, Eoin Bastable, and Erik J. Girvan. "Awareness Is Not Enough: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Providing Discipline Disproportionality Data Reports to School Administrators." Educational Researcher 49, no. 7 (July 8, 2020): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20939937.

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One commonly used strategy used in attempts to decrease racial disproportionality in school discipline across the country is sharing data with school administrators that discipline disparities are a problem in their schools with the assumption that it will increase attention to equity and improve outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of providing monthly disciplinary equity reports to school administrators in 35 schools on levels of (a) disciplinary equity report viewing, (b) disciplinary equity, and (c) inclusion of disciplinary equity into school improvement plan goals. We used a small, double-blind randomized controlled trial in which half of the schools were randomly assigned to receive either monthly disciplinary equity reports or monthly general discipline reports. Results showed that schools receiving the equity reports had significantly increased rates of viewing equity reports but no meaningful change in disciplinary equity or equity goal setting.
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Felton, Juanita, and Patricia Bernick. "Sparks: Senior Perspectives Awareness Research Knowledge." Gifted Education International 13, no. 1 (May 1998): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949801300109.

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SPARKS; Senior Perspectives Awareness Research Knowledge SPARKS is an elective seminar course for selected seniors which encourages the discovery and discussion of new and provocative ideas. Topics are investigated and studied utilizing a multi-disciplinary approach which encourages students to apply knowledge from various areas in attempts to solve real world problems. In a world in which scientific knowledge doubles every ten years, young people must be aware of the ramifications of progress and must have the tools for dealing with major decisions that will affect the lives of future citizens. What makes SPARKS unique is that it is totally student centered. Students design the seminars and students select the topics to be discussed. Teachers organize, monitor and evaluate SPARKS.
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Karpińska-Musiał, Beata, and Izabela Orchowska. "ŚWIADOMOŚĆ PRZEDMIOTOWA I EPISTEMOLOGICZNA NAUCZYCIELA – REFLEKSYJNEGO PRAKTYKA Z PERSPEKTYWY POLSKIEJ GLOTTODYDAKTYKI." Neofilolog 1, no. 43/1 (September 4, 2019): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2014.43.1.3.

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The following article concerns the issue of educating foreign language teachers to be reflective practitioners in the Polish academic context. A starting point for our discussion is the assumption that the process of academic FL teacher education should be directed at developing the student teacher’s disciplinary and epistemological awareness. The first part of the article is devoted to the concept of glottodidactics as a research area in Poland and to the evaluation of the usefulness of theories from the field of pedeutology for the formulation of a progressive model of teacher education. Next, we define the concepts of disciplinary and epistemological awareness of FL teachers, and confront them with the notion of reflective practice (Schön, 1983) and the paradigm of reflexive modernity (Beck, Giddens and Lash, 2009). Finally, we propose a preliminary model for developing both types of awareness in tertiary education, based on specific transpositions of glottodidactic knowledge into the skills needed in the field.
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Ramdzan Ali, Al Amirul Eimer, Khairil Azwar Razali, and Abdul Kadir Othman. "Enhancing Brand Awareness Via Halal Brand Personality." Halalpshere 1, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/hs.v1i1.7.

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This paper develops a multi-disciplinary measure of the Halal brand personally construct by means of literature review. This study explains that Halal brand personality involves (i) purity, (ii) excitement, (iii) sophistication, (iv) safety and (iv) righteousness on brand awareness. The concept of Halal brand personality is vital for service providers to create an awareness about their products and services in the consumers’ mind as this could be the catalyst for service providers to achieve sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). This is because the extraction of the five factors that contribute to the Halal brand personality is being regarded to be an assurance for halal products and services. It symbolizes the value that are not just for Muslims, but for non-Muslims as well.
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Syahri, Alvi. "Law Enforcement Against Policies Who Breached The Code Of Conduct." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 3, no. 3 (September 7, 2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v3i3.11238.

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The purpose of this research to find out and analyze law enforcement against police officers who violate the code of ethics in carrying out their duties at Central Java Police, obstacles and solving obstacles. This study uses a sociological juridical approach with descriptive analysis research specifications. The data used are primary data and secondary data obtained through interviews and literature study. The data analysis method used is qualitative analysis. Furthermore, based on the research results it can be concluded: Law enforcement against police officers who violate the code of ethics in carrying out their duties at the Central Java Regional Police refers to Act No. 2 of 2002 concerning the Police, Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2003 concerning Disciplinary Regulations for Members of the National Police and Regulation of the Chief of Police No. Pol. 14 of 2011 concerning the Professional Code of Ethics for the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia. Several factors that hinder law enforcement against unscrupulous police officers who violate the code of ethics are divided into internal factors: Leaders who have not fully paid attention to the implementation of disciplinary law enforcement duties for Polri members, level of discipline, awareness and compliance of Polri members with binding disciplinary regulations and applies to him is still relatively low so that disciplinary violations keep happening, Polri's disciplinary law enforcement often appears to lack transparency. External factors: Lack of public awareness in conducting supervision and complaints when there are people who violate them.Keywords: Law Enforcement; Police Officers; Offenses; Code of Ethics.
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Scurati, G. W., J. W. Nylander, S. I. Hallstedt, F. Ferrise, and M. Bertoni. "RAISING VALUE AND SUSTAINABILITY AWARENESS FOR CRITICAL MATERIALS: A SERIOUS GAME FOR THE AEROSPACE SECTOR." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (May 2020): 737–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.86.

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AbstractAviation strives today to include environmental and social considerations as drivers for decision making in design. This paper proposes a serious game to raise awareness of the value and cost implications of being ‘sustainability compliant’ when developing aerospace sub-systems and components. After describing the development of the game, from needfinding to prototyping and testing, the paper discusses the results from verification activities with practitioners, revealing the ability of the game to raise sustainability awareness and support negotiation across disciplinary boundaries in design.
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Bolderman, Leonieke, Peter Groote, Euan Hague, Jellina Timmer, Hanneke Boode, and Sake Jager. "Implementing a cross-course design for online international exchange in geography courses." Journal of Virtual Exchange 3 (November 17, 2020): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/jve.3.35838.

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In 2017, the University of Groningen (UG) in The Netherlands and DePaul University in the USA (DePaul) connected undergraduate students in geography courses using an Online International Exchange (OIE) assignment involving videoconferencing. Whereas many international OIE projects are designed on joint alignment principles connecting similar courses and developing similar aims and assignments, this project had a cross-course setup with diverging learning outcomes. In the UG course, OIE was a pretravel activity primarily aimed at developing disciplinary skills. DePaul implemented OIE as an intercultural awareness assignment. Through reflection on the design process and thematic analysis of student reflections, we conclude that the OIE introduced students in the DePaul course to international perceptions and encouraged self-reflection, whilethe OIE stimulated disciplinary skills and introduced intercultural awareness to the UG course. Moreover, OIE stimulated cross-cultural project management skills, increasing awareness of differing educational and urban contexts and thereby training the students in global citizenship. Therefore, this cross-course OIE shows that adapting OIE design to local curricular needs using pre-existing courses can enhance and deepen disciplinaryspecific learning outcomes through cross fertilization, and may create unexpected new learning outcomes. This expands the potential application and benefits of OIE for the internationalization of higher education.
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Baker, Lindsay R., Shanon Phelan, Nicole N. Woods, Victoria A. Boyd, Paula Rowland, and Stella L. Ng. "Re-envisioning paradigms of education: towards awareness, alignment, and pluralism." Advances in Health Sciences Education 26, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 1045–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10459-021-10036-z.

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AbstractIn this article we introduce a synthesis of education “paradigms,” adapted from a multi-disciplinary body of literature and tailored to health professions education (HPE). Each paradigm involves a particular perspective on the purpose of education, the nature of knowledge, what knowledge is valued and included in the curriculum, what it means to learn and how learning is assessed, and the roles of teachers and learners in the learning process. We aim to foster awareness of how these different paradigms look in practice and to illustrate the importance of alignment between teaching, learning and assessment practices with paradigmatic values and assumptions. Finally, we advocate for a pluralistic approach that purposefully and meaningfully integrates paradigms of education, enhancing our ability to drive quality in HPE.
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Parel, Rolande. "The Impact of Morphological Awareness on Reading Proficiency: Enhancing Disciplinary Literacy in the Primary Grades." International Journal of Learning: Annual Review 12, no. 4 (2006): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v12i04/46963.

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de Zoysa, Piyanjali, Cyrene Siriwardhana, Mallika Samaranayake, Shanali Athukorala, Samanmalee Kumari, and D. N. Prasadi Fernando. "The Impact of an Awareness Raising Program to Reduce Parental use of Aversive Disciplinary Practices." Journal of Family Violence 30, no. 5 (April 24, 2015): 651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10896-015-9701-2.

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Dastjerdi, Zahra Shirian, Helen Tan, and Ain Nadzimah Abdullah. "RHETORICAL STRUCTURE OF INTEGRATED RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CHAPTER IN MASTER’S DISSERTATIONS ACROSS DISCIPLINES." Discourse and Interaction 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/di2017-2-61.

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Writing a dissertation is the most challenging task for students, especially the IntegratedResults and Discussion chapter. One solution would be to offer them a template of therhetorical flow of this chapter. However, to date, a limited number of studies have beenconducted on the rhetorical movement of this chapter. Therefore, the rhetorical units ofIntegrated Results and Discussion chapters of 40 Master’s dissertations in the hard and softscience disciplines obtained from a Malaysian local public university were investigated.The findings indicated that this chapter focused predominantly on presenting the resultsfollowed by commenting on them. Disciplinary variation was observed in the use of‘referring to previous research’ and ‘making overt claims or generalizations’ which wereobserved more in the dissertations in the soft sciences. Besides, ‘invalidating results’ wasfound more in the dissertations in the hard sciences. To conclude, knowing the prevalentmoves may heighten the awareness of novice postgraduate students to align their writing tothe academic writing conventions. Furthermore, awareness on the disciplinary variationsof the use of certain rhetorical moves would sensitize novice writers to the preferreddisciplinary style of writing Integrated Results and Discussion chapter.
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Pura, Rada, and Mușata Bocoș. "A Cross-Disciplinary Narrative Approach of Sandplay in Preschool Education." Educatia 21, no. 18 (May 21, 2020): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/ed21.2020.18.13.

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Narrative is central for human beings and it is an instrument for organizing our entire experience. Personal, familial, organizational and national identity is being shaped by the narrative. It gives meaning to the world around us. Play is a specific tool that can be used to straighten young children’s narrative. A free, symbolic, creative play such as Sandplay can be adopted to maximize the opportunities of observing and sustaining preschoolers’ narrative. Dora M. Kalff is the founder of Sandplay Therapy, being influenced by "The World Technique" of Margaret Lowenfeld but playing with sand has always been attractive both to children and adults. In preschool educational settings telling stories in the sand offers educators a way of extending children’s narrative by using open questions, dialogues and by developing children’s awareness that story fictional world can be enriched.
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McGowan, Kevin B., and Anna M. Babel. "Perceiving isn't believing: Divergence in levels of sociolinguistic awareness." Language in Society 49, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 231–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404519000782.

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AbstractThe influence of social knowledge on speech perception is a question of interest to a range of disciplines of language research. This study combines experimental and qualitative approaches to investigate whether the various methodological and disciplinary threads of research on this topic are truly investigating the same phenomenon to provide converging evidence in our understanding of social listening. This study investigates listeners’ perceptions of Spanish and Quechua speakers speaking Spanish in the context of a contact zone between these two languages and their speakers in central Bolivia. The results of a pair of matched-guise vowel discrimination tasks and subsequent interviews demonstrate that what people perceive, as measured by experimental tasks, is not necessarily what they believe they hear, as reported in narrative responses to interview prompts. Multiple methodological approaches must be employed in order to fully understand the way that we perceive language at diverging levels of sociolinguistic awareness. (Perception, sociophonetics, sociolinguistics, awareness, Andean Spanish)
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Swinney, Laurie, Bruce Elder, and Lloyd "Pat" Seaton. "Incivility In The Accounting Classroom." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 3, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v3i5.422.

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Classroom incivility is any action that interferes with a harmonious and cooperative learning atmosphere in the classroom (Feldman, 2001). We compared the perceptions of accounting faculty to the perceptions of cross-disciplinary faculty relating to both the definition of student actions as incivility and the occurrence of incivility. We also compared faculty and business administrator perceptions to investigate the level of administrator awareness of accounting classroom incivility. Our results indicate that accounting faculty are more likely to define potentially disruptive student behaviors as incivility and reported higher levels of classroom incivility than cross-disciplinary faculty. We find general agreement between accounting faculty and business administrators relating to both the definition and occurrence of incivility.
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Ellingsen, Pål, Trude Tonholm, Frode Ramstad Johansen, and Gunnar Andersson. "Learning from Problem-Based Projects in Cross-Disciplinary Student Teams." Education Sciences 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11060259.

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This paper explores how Engineering students and Work and Welfare students reflect upon their own engagement in a one-week cross-disciplinary project. To develop a better understanding of what unfolds during these activities we collected data through anonymous surveys two consecutive years. Data from these 141 respondents were analysed using a learning history approach and are presented as narratives. Results show major disruptions and conflicts driving the student projects, exposing inviting confrontations, social identity threats, managing diversity, and friction of ideas. Whereas this in many cases led to new and better project solutions, these real-world experiences raise awareness of the need for tools and methods for training students. The aim of the paper is to learn from students’ experiences through narrative distance, and fill a gap in the literature between problem-based learning (PBL) and the learning history method. Discussing different experiences of cross-disciplinary teamwork through the explanations of these theories, we also lay out potential questions for future research on the topic.
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Gebhard, Meg, and Holly Graham. "Bats and grammar: developing critical language awareness in the context of school reform." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 17, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-12-2017-0183.

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Purpose This paper aims to analyze how middle schoolers developed a critical awareness of language while participating in a curricular unit informed by systemic functional linguistics (SFL). This unit was developed to understanding and taking action to protect a local bat population in the context of school reforms shaping teaching and learning in the USA. It was designed to support a heterogeneous class of seventh graders in learning to read scientific explanations, write letters to government officials and develop a functional metalanguage to support them in analyzing how language simultaneously constructs ideas, enacts power dynamics and manages the flow of information in disciplinary texts. The questions guiding this study are: How do students use SFL metalanguage in text production and interpretation practices? Do their uses of SFL metalanguage support critical language awareness and reflection? And, if so, in what ways? Design/methodology/approach This study uses ethnographic methods to conduct teacher action research. Data include classroom transcripts, student writing samples and interviews. Findings The findings illustrate how students engaged with SFL, often playfully, to create their own student-generated functional metalanguage in highly productive ways. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to a growing body of scholarship that suggests SFL metalanguage can provide teachers and students with a powerful semiotic toolkit that enables them to navigate the demands of teaching and learning in the context of the Standardization and Accountability movement. Practical implications This study has implications teachers’ professional development and students’ disciplinary literacy development in the context of school reform. Originality/value To date, few studies have explored how students take up and transform SFL metalanguage into a tool for critical reflection, especially adolescents.
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Dobrobaba, M. B. "Legal awareness of a civil servant: concept and significance for ensuring the effectiveness of disciplinary responsibility." Law Gazette of the Kuban State University, no. 2 (2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31429/20785836-13-2-58-68.

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Faucher, Chantal, Wanda Cassidy, and Margaret Jackson. "Awareness, Policy, Privacy, and More: Post-Secondary Students Voice Their Solutions to Cyberbullying." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 10, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 795–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10030058.

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This paper discusses solutions to cyberbullying posed by post-secondary students from four Canadian universities. The qualitative data used in this analysis were drawn from one open-ended question on an online student survey completed by 1458 undergraduate students, as well as 10 focus group transcripts involving a total of 36 students. Seven key themes emerged: awareness and education; policy; protecting one’s privacy; technology-based solutions; empowering better choices and responses; university culture; and disciplinary measures. The findings show that post-secondary institutions need to make preventing and curtailing cyberbullying more of a priority within their campus communities, including engaging in responsive consultation with key stakeholder groups, such as students, to develop meaningful solutions.
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Adib, Muhammad, Sri Kusriyah Kusriyah, and Siti Rodhiyah Dwi Istinah. "The Giving Of Disciplinary Penalty of Civil Servants Based On Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 in Governments of Demak Regency." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 2, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v2i4.8239.

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Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 regarding the discipline of the Civil Servant loading obligations, prohibitions, and disciplinary action which could be taken to the Civil Servant who has been convicted of the offense, is intended to foster a Civil Servant who has committed an offense, the form of disciplinary punishment is mild, moderate, and weight. Disciplinary punishment for the Civil Servant under Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 Concerning the Discipline of Civil Servants. The formulation of this journal issue contains about how the process of disciplinary punishment, and constraints and efforts to overcome the impact of the Civil Servant disciplinary punishment in Government of Demak regency. The approach used in this study is a sociological juridical approach or juridical empirical, that is an approach that examines secondary data first and then proceed to conduct research in the field of primary data normative. The process of giving disciplinary sanctions for State Civil Apparatus in Government of Demak regency begins with the examination conducted by the immediate supervisor referred to in the legislation governing the authority of appointment, transfer and dismissal of civil servants. The results showed that in general the process of sanctioning / disciplinary punishment of civil servants in the Government of Demak be said to be good and there have been compliance with the existing regulations / applied in Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010, although it encountered the competent authorities judge still apply tolerance against the employee, but also a positive impact among their deterrent good not to repeat the same offense or one level higher than before either the Civil Servant concerned or the other. Obstacles in carrying out disciplinary punishment in Government of Demak regency environment is still low awareness of employees to do and be disciplined in performing the tasks for instance delays incoming work, lack of regulatory discipline, lack of supervision system and any violations of employee discipline. There must be constraints to overcome need for cooperation with other stakeholders comprising Inspectorate, BKPP, and the immediate superior civil servants in this way can be mutually reinforcing mutual communication, consultation, coordination so that if later there is a problem in the future could be accounted for.Keywords: Delivery of Disciplinary Sanctions; Civil Servant; Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010.
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Gale, Chris. "Disciplinary Uniformity in Uniform—A Success of the Human Rights Act 1998?" Journal of Criminal Law 72, no. 2 (April 2008): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.2008.72.2.489.

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Apart from an awareness of shameful treatment to some shell-shocked soldiers on active duty in the First World War, the subjects of military discipline in general and courts-martial in particular are unlikely to permeate the consciousness of the public at large or, indeed, the vast majority of criminal lawyers. This article explores some of the history of both, the current position in relation to courts-martial and the planned reforms under the Armed Forces Act 2006. That the Human Rights Act 1998 exposed some of the anomalities and worst practices of courts-martial is undeniable. It seems equally likely that the 1998 Act was at least a catalyst for the wholesale review and modernisation of military discipline carried out by the 2006 Act.
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Sierra, Javier, and Ángela Suárez-Collado. "The transforming generation: increasing student awareness about the effects of economic decisions on sustainability." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 22, no. 5 (June 11, 2021): 1087–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-06-2020-0221.

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Purpose There is a growing trend in higher education institutions to develop multi-disciplinary approaches to education for sustainable development and to implement student-centered and problem-based methodologies to increase student engagement and satisfaction. This paper aims to present an innovative methodology to increase student awareness about the effects of economic decisions on sustainability. Design/methodology/approach This method uses a videogame and two board games to simulate three spheres of economic interaction, namely, local, national and international. For every sphere, three key economic sectors and their relationships with fundamental sustainable development goals (SDGs) are addressed. This study uses pre- and post-simulation data to analyze the students’ perceptions regarding the usefulness of the simulations and their awareness about the effects of economic decisions on sustainability. Findings The implementation of this teaching and learning method demonstrated not only that active learning can effectively increase student awareness about the potential social and environmental consequences of economic decisions but also that students perceive games and simulations as useful teaching and learning tools. Social implications Students in these areas need to learn not only how to transform original ideas into successful projects but also to align financial results with social and environmental objectives. The methodology presented in this research allows to enhance learning from a multi-disciplinary perspective, helping the students to analyze different economic sectors and their connection with a number of SDGs through the lens of public economics. Originality/value The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has shown the effects of a global pandemic at the economic, social and environmental levels. This paper presents an innovative active learning framework to increase sustainability awareness among students of economics, business and management.
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Lanciano, Nicoletta. "Inter– multi- and trans-disciplinary approaches in astronomy education research." EPJ Web of Conferences 200 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920001009.

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Looking at human and natural reality, based on experience and awareness of its complexity, the western style of knowledge was divided into disciplines. These developed their own language and methods in relation to their objects of study. The separation, useful in some stages of study and in their specific development, was often simplistic and damaging both in scientific elaboration, to meet the challenges that nature and the future offers us, and in didactic transposition of knowledge. Studies in general education and cognitive psychology, and more recently neurosciences, show that aspects of different disciplines are formed and stimulated in parallel, and also motion and cognition are linked in the brain. The research confirms that cognitive experience is linked to the body and to emotions, more than school organizations often wanted to recognize. Therefore, inter-, multi- and trans-disciplinary approaches better relate to the objects of study, to teaching methodologies, and to teaching research methods. To analyze these issues, I present reflections from my Astronomy teaching experiences with students of different ages in Italy and elsewhere, and I present open questions about teaching and learning, in and out of school, and about teacher training.
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Rocha, Luciana. "The Preservation of Authenticity and the Awareness of the Necessary." Modern Housing. Patrimonio Vivo, no. 51 (2014): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/51.a.5ooflf04.

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The architecture of the Modern Movement in Oporto, Portugal, built between 1940 and 1960, is a recent heritage, whose scant recognition has been accelerating its natural degradation and increasing interventions of questionable quality. On one hand, the technical and structural weaknesses of the architecture of this period can be the cause of accelerated degradation, which are, in part, a consequence of successive experiments of new materials like concrete. On the other hand, we note the absence of disciplinary criteria in contemporary interventions, which suggests the fragility of the legal and logical framework for the material protection of this architectural legacy. This study analyses multi-family housing buildings built in Oporto with undeniable architectural quality and characteristics of the Modern Movement — the Parnaso, Ouro and D. Afonso V buildings. Apart from a reflection on the strategies for renovation, reuse and effective adaptation of these buildings to contemporary living requirements, this study aims to establish a relation between the spatial, technical and social transformations and the preservation of the originality/authenticity of these buildings.
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Ranawaka, Udaya K., and Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian. "Stroke in Sri Lanka: How Can We Minimise the Burden?" Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra 11, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515890.

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The burden of stroke in Sri Lanka is high and steadily increasing. Accurate estimation of the burden is hampered by a paucity of epidemiological data. More neurologists, stroke units, facilities for modern treatments and multi-disciplinary rehabilitation services are urgently needed. Essential drugs for risk factor control and secondary prevention are available in many hospitals. Aggressive preventive strategies and promoting stroke awareness are the best ways to minimise the stroke burden in Sri Lanka.
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Persson, Roland S. "Increasing Self-Awareness, Decreasing Dogmatism and Expanding Disciplinary Horizons: Synthesising a Plan of Action Towards Culture-Sensitivity." Gifted and Talented International 27, no. 1 (March 2012): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332276.2012.11673622.

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Schmidt, Regina Leonie. "“I pictured my little sister when writing” – Teacher and Student Experiences with Training Audience Awareness in a Television Studies Seminar." Journal of Academic Writing 10, no. 1 (December 18, 2020): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/joaw.v10i1.611.

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Training audience awareness is a significant but challenging task for teaching academic writing. To integrate the teaching of television studies with writing skills, I designed a BA seminar when working as a lecturer in the English department of a German university in 2015. I present my experience with and my students’ evaluation of training audience awareness as part of this seminar. The evaluations confirmed students’ increased awareness of the importance of incorporating audience-directed elements in writing, but indicated that the task had created obstacles, for example, regarding students’ reading comprehension. I retrospectively analyze my teaching approach and discuss possible reasons for my students’ success and difficulties with the writing assignment, and make suggestions for changes that may have better supported their learning process. I, therewith, aim to foster the integration of teaching writing within, across, and beyond disciplinary audiences in discipline-specific courses.
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Driscoll, Dana Lynn, Joseph Paszek, Gwen Gorzelsky, Carol L. Hayes, and Edmund Jones. "Genre Knowledge and Writing Development: Results From the Writing Transfer Project." Written Communication 37, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 69–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741088319882313.

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Using a mixed-methods, multi-institutional design of general education writing courses at four institutions, this study examined genre as a key factor for understanding and promoting writing development. It thus aims to provide empirical validation of decades of theoretical work on and qualitative studies of genre and the nature of genre knowledge. While showing that both simplistic and nuanced genre knowledge promote writing development, our findings suggest that nuanced genre knowledge correlates with writing development over the course of a semester. Based on these findings, we propose an expanded view of Tardy’s four genre knowledge components and argue for their explanatory power. We recognize these genre components can be cultivated by using three particular strategies: writing for nonclassroom audiences, using source texts explicitly to join existing disciplinary conversations, and cultivating two types of metacognitive awareness (awareness of the writing strategies used to complete specific tasks and awareness of one’s levels of proficiency in particular types of writing knowledge). Findings can be used to enrich first-year or upper-division writing curricula in the areas of genre knowledge, audience awareness, and source use.
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Minelli, Alessandro. "Disciplinary Fields in the Life Sciences: Evolving Divides and Anchor Concepts." Philosophies 5, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies5040034.

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Recent and ongoing debates in biology and in the philosophy of biology reveal widespread dissatisfaction with the current definitions or circumscriptions, which are often vague or controversial, of key concepts such as the gene, individual, species, and homology, and even of whole disciplinary fields within the life sciences. To some extent, the long growing awareness of these conceptual issues and the contrasting views defended in their regard can be construed as a symptom of the need to revisit traditional unchallenged partitions between the specialist disciplines within the life sciences. I argue here that the current relationships between anchor disciplines (e.g., developmental biology, evolutionary biology, biology of reproduction) and nomadic concepts wandering between them is worth being explored from a reciprocal perspective, by selecting suitable anchor concepts around which disciplinary fields can flexibly move. Three examples are offered, focusing on generalized anchor concepts of generation (redefined in a way that suggests new perspectives on development and reproduction), organizational module (with a wide-ranging domain of application in comparative morphology, developmental biology, and evolutionary biology) and species as unit of representation of biological diversity (suggesting a taxonomic pluralism that must be managed with suitable adjustments of current nomenclature rules).
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Shin, Sunghee, and Beverly Milner (Lee) Bisland. "The Contextualization of Self and Place Within a Second-Grade Study of Recent Immigration." Education and Urban Society 52, no. 3 (May 12, 2019): 365–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124519846275.

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Immigration is a public issue that needs student exploration. This cross-disciplinary study brings awareness of diverse cultures by studying immigration through personal history in a multiethnic urban elementary school. Research suggests the importance of integrating assets students bring into the classroom in instruction. Changing pedagogies also emphasize the need for students to participate in community-based inquiries. This asset-based perspective centers students as knowledge producers, instead of knowledge consumers, making them active participants in learning.
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Harle, Rob. "Disembodied Consciousness and the Transcendence of the Limitations of the Biological Body." Janus Head 9, no. 2 (2006): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh20069220.

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This paper looks at embodiment from a cross-disciplinary perspective. The notion that embodiment is an essential requirement for conscious awareness is explored using both a scientific and religious approach. Artificial intelligence, transhumanism and cybernetics are discussed as they force a pragmatic approach to defining and understanding situated embodiment. The concept of human immortality or extended longevity is also investigated as this further exposes the myths of transcending corporeality and also helps to explain the mission of transhumanism.
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Watson, Missy. "The Inevitable Mess of Translingualism." Pedagogy 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15314200-8692703.

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This article analyzes two of the inevitable messes of translingual scholarship and teaching in composition studies: the criticism that arose from cross-disciplinary conflict with second language writing and the semantic ambiguities that result from the–ism in translingualism. The article reviews a variation in uptakes of translingualism, while arguing that specific strands—translingualism as a disposition and praxis—are the most fruitful in pushing English studies toward a more collective pursuit of language awareness and justice.
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Strelnik, Olga N., and Sergey N. Strelnik. "Interdisciplinary Research of Self-Consciousness on the Base of Phenomenology of Karl Jaspers." RUDN Journal of Philosophy 24, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2020-24-3-410-418.

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The objective of analysis is new opportunities in the study of self-awareness, which became possible through the use of an interdisciplinary approach. This approach allows to solve number of conceptual and methodological problems in psychology and psychiatry. The general development of psychiatry in the 20th and early 21st centuries was to improve diagnosis and therapy based on objectively measured indicators. There is a very superficial development of the phenomenology of self-awareness disorders as a result. The interdisciplinary point of view may be the beginning of new theoretical studies of self-awareness in philosophy, as well as provoke pragmatic conclusions for psychological and psychiatric science. Authors claim that the delimitation of the methodological tools of various sciences in the study of self-awareness is unnecessary in principle. interdisciplinary view should be formed by philosophers. The phenomenology of Karl Jaspers and his concept of self-awareness in this sense are heuristically attractive. The authors propose a working model of self-awareness, based on the phenomenological approach of Jaspers, on the ideas of his followers, and also abandoning the disciplinary view of the subject. In this model self-awareness is described through its specific functions. That may be pragmatically useful for mental health professionals: psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists and it may be interesting to philosophers using phenomenological analysis.
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Romanowska, Julia, Gerry Larsson, and Töres Theorell. "An Art-Based Leadership Intervention for Enhancement of Self-Awareness, Humility, and Leader Performance." Journal of Personnel Psychology 13, no. 2 (January 2014): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000108.

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This study represents a new cross-disciplinary approach. A year-long art-based leadership intervention was compared to conventional leadership training using a random allocation design. The study has examined whether the art-based intervention has a stronger beneficial impact on leaders’ development than the conventional program. Comparison was made utilizing leaders’ self-ratings and subordinates’ ratings of their leaders’ frequency of expressed laissez-faire leadership and capacity to cope with stress. Our findings show a striking difference in the development between the two groups. In addition to displaying less laissez-faire behavior, the leaders in the art intervention appear to have improved their self-awareness, humility, and stress coping, while contrasting results were noted in the conventional group. These findings confirm the earlier results in our research.
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Rahmatullah M, Febby, Ayusta Lukita W, and Budiarsih Budiarsih. "Management and Environmental Safety from Fire Disasters in a Fire Response Village Model." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 10 (November 26, 2020): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i10.2220.

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One of the causes of the fire disaster is the density of the population which causes social and economic damage. For this reason, studies are needed to detect potential disasters from an early age. Disaster management models and systems need to be created and developed to overcome the fire disaster in the village of Jambangan Surabaya. This study focuses on how the regulation and community awareness model against fire disasters can create a good environment. The method used is descriptive analytical method and a multi-disciplinary approach by applying a comparative legal approach and case studies as well as appropriate technology based on social engineering designs that are used to analyze all the implementation of environmental structuring policies and public awareness by maximizing the potential of human and natural resources. The results of the study found that the community awareness model with the title fire response village was able to make the community adaptive and responsive in facing potential fires, disaster management and post-fire recovery.
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Martin, Brona. "Soundscape Composition: Enhancing our understanding of changing soundscapes." Organised Sound 23, no. 1 (December 22, 2017): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771817000243.

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This article discusses the affordances of soundscape composition and how the techniques and approaches of this genre have been embraced as an inter-disciplinary research methodology. Since its emergence from the World Soundscape Project, the concept of soundscape composition has set out to enhance our listening awareness of our soundscapes, inspiring and establishing a discourse that explores a sense of place through sound. Soundscape composition over the past decades has established itself as a popular compositional practice among acousmatic composers utilising compositional techniques that go beyond phonographic representation of acoustic environments. Electroacoustic techniques explore not only the transformation and processing of field recordings but also the spatialisation and performance techniques used to create immersive and realistic soundscapes. These compositional developments since the establishment of the World Soundscape Project have brought this genre of music to a wider audience as it has developed into a cross-disciplinary practice. Soundscape studies methodologies such as soundwalking, listening and recording are being utilised by a broader research cohort outside of soundscape composition. This article provides a survey of recent projects and compositions that incorporate a soundscape and cross-disciplinary approach that reflects a variety of cultural themes and issues within the disciplines of social, political and cultural science.
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Dooly, Melinda, Dolors Masats, and Maria Mont. "Launching a solidarity campaign: Technology-enhanced project-based language learning to promote entrepreneurial education and social awareness." Journal of Technology and Science Education 11, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1224.

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To promote social consciousness and a sense of responsibility, educational proposals organised around the principles of technology-enhanced project-based language learning (Dooly & Sadler,2016) should engage students in a process of reflecting upon and responding to crucial social issues. Thus, in this paper we will present a project carried out by two groups of primary students who launched a solidarity campaign to collect money for four Syrian children living in a refugee camp in Greece. The project was implemented in a cross-disciplinary Arts and Crafts class taught through English and resulted in significant outputs in English (those addressed to the Syrian children) and in Catalan (those targeted at the local community). First, we outline the student-led project and then we analyse some fragments of student plurilingual practices during the project development that demonstrate their learning gains. Our findings reveal that our meaningful contextualised cross-disciplinary project favoured the natural integration of multiple skills, competences, and field knowledge form various disciplines while promoting a sense of social consciousness and empathy. First, it enabled children to put their plurilingual competence into play and take decisions regarding language choices to meet particular communicative objectives. Second, it contributed to the acquisition of 21st century knowledge, competence, and skills, while helping the learners gain social values. Third, it engaged learners in processes of problem solving, decision making and creative thinking that lead to the development of entrepreneurial competencies. To conclude we argue that when young learners are given responsibilities and opportunities to take up socially relevant challenges learning becomes meaningful for them and those around them.
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Burgess, Isabel C. "Service innovations: attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder – development of a multi-professional integrated care pathway." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 4 (April 2002): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.4.148.

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AIMS AND METHODThere is a need for multi-disciplinary input into the diagnosis and management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We describe the development of a multi-professional integrated care pathway incorporating education, community paediatrics, child and adolescent mental health services and general practice.RESULTSUsing parent-held documentation this pathway forms the bass of a community-based ADHD clinic.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSA training programme for schools and health professionals raises awareness of the features of ADHD and covers appropriate management within schools.
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Chapagain, Neel Kamal. "Public Archaeology in Nepal: Now and in the next 10 years." AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology 10 (March 21, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23914/ap.v10i0.297.

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In Nepal – and perhaps true in other South Asian countries as well, the term ‘public archaeology’ is not very frequently used among heritage professionals. Though it exists in limited use, largely the heritage practice including archaeology in Nepal is experts or authority driven. Perhaps the primary reason for this is the lack of a critical mass of archaeologists and broader heritage practitioners as well as a general lack of awareness among the public. There are disciplinary crisis situations prevalent across heritage related studies and practice areas in Nepal. However, with the increasing landscape of academic programmes and professional awareness among younger generations, we can be hopeful. Hence, I would expect that we will be able to create sufficient interests among students and younger professionals towards archaeology and heritage.
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Roberto, Vega-Gonzalez Luis. "Organizational Evolution and Disciplinary Transition: Case of a R&D Public Center in Mexico." Business and Economic Research 7, no. 2 (August 30, 2017): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v7i2.11564.

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In this work, we present the case of the Applied Sciences and Technology Development Center (CCADET, from its Spanish acronym) of the National Autonomous University of México, to show that there is a close relation between the organizational evolution and the disciplinary transition in organizations that perform research and development (R&D). The methodology used, was the division of the time life span of the center in decades to later proceed with the identification of representative projects developed during the different stages of its life. Emphasis was placed in documenting the various disciplines dominated by the individuals that conformed the intellectual capital resources required to accomplish the projects. Relating this information it was possible to identify the disciplinary transition (DT) that have occurred along the evolution of the organization.The awareness of the DT suffered by the organization and of its actual capacities is essential for organizational knowledge management and its appropriate conduction in concordance to its strategic development plans.
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43

McGaughey, Fiona, Lisa Hartley, Susan Banki, Paul Duffill, Matthew Stubbs, Phil Orchard, Simon Rice, Laurie Berg, and Paghona Peggy Kerdo. "‘Finally an academic approach that prepares you for the real world’: simulations for human rights skills development in higher education." Human Rights Education Review 2, no. 1 (September 5, 2019): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/hrer.3093.

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Effectively addressing violations of human rights requires dealing with complex, multi-spatial problems involving actors at local, national and international levels. It also calls for a diverse range of inter-disciplinary skills. How can tertiary educators prepare students for such work? This study evaluates the coordinated implementation of human rights simulations at seven Australian universities. Based on quantitative and qualitative survey data from 252 students, we find they report that human rights simulation exercises develop their skills. In particular, students report that they feel better able to analyse and productively respond to human rights violations, and that they have a greater awareness of the inter-disciplinary skills required to do so. Overall, this study finds that simulations are a valid, scalable, classroom-based work integrated learning experience that can be adapted for students at undergraduate and postgraduate level, across a range of disciplines and in both face-to-face and online classes.
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Veldsman, Daniel P. "Wentzel van Huyssteen : telling the story of religious awareness with inter-disciplinary integrity from an evolutionary epistemological perspective." Scriptura 98 (June 12, 2013): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/98-0-707.

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45

Pinto, Maria. "Assessing disciplinary differences in faculty perceptions of information literacy competencies." Aslib Journal of Information Management 68, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-05-2015-0079.

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Purpose – Uncovering faculty members’ conceptions of Information Literacy (IL), as well as exploring their perceptions with regard to the importance given to a previously defined set of core IL competences grouped into four categories: searching, evaluation, processing and communication and dissemination. Ascertaining the possible differences among the five knowledge branches (arts and humanities, sciences, social and legal sciences, health sciences, and technical disciplines); and understanding the importance granted to a set of learning improvement initiatives by the faculty. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The survey was completed by a set of faculty members from the University of Granada (Spain). Data were collected using the IL-HUMASS survey. The research is based on subjective data, first approached from a descriptive point of view. Later, data correlation, analysis and non-parametric tests were used with the goal of finding significant differences of faculty perceptions among the relevant academic areas. Findings – Results suggest that more than half of the surveyed faculty have what the authors define as an Academic Concept of IL. The IL categories of communica\tion and dissemination and searching were graded in significance by the staff as being “very important,” while those of evaluation and processing were assigned a slightly lesser rating of “important.” Results suggest that IL awareness falls into two broad groups differentiated by subject discipline: those from health sciences, social and legal sciences and arts and humanities representing the first group, and sciences and technical disciplines the other. Research limitations/implications – This approach address the subjective status of faculty concepts in a single university, but also in all knowledge branches. Future research is needed. Originality/value – This is one of the few papers regarding faculty perceptions of IL.
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O'Gorman, Róisín. "Embodied Movement Awareness: Articulating Structure & Flow across and through disciplines." Scenario: A Journal of Performative Teaching, Learning, Research XII, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/scenario.12.2.10.

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This workshop was based on many years of movement practices in theatre (with a specialized focus on somatic movement). Furthermore, it was based in larger research concerns around engaging movement at all levels of teaching and learning—not just as a means of getting from a to b, but as an overlooked and undervalued epistemology. This work also moves across disciplinary boundaries and allows for rich transdisciplinary concerns to work together connecting individual sensibilities to larger socio-political issues. The workshop offered methods of movement research from two recent projects. One project linked theatre students with archaeology students and focused on embodiment of skeletal structures and local landscapes. The other project engaged students from across a wide range of disciplines along with young children, teenagers and adults alongside professional dancers in the Cork iteration of the Global Water Dances (https://globalwaterdances.org/) project which linked individual bodies of water to larger questions of global water ecologies and social justice. The workshop offered a brief framework of these practices and epistemologies but the workshop was primarily a movement based exploration. A crucial point of introduction however, was that it is not about accomplishing some kind of virtuosic movement pattern which focusses on external aesthetics. Instead, ...
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Gatto, Andrea, Elena Bassoli, Lucia Denti, Luca Iuliano, and Paolo Minetola. "Multi-disciplinary approach in engineering education: learning with additive manufacturing and reverse engineering." Rapid Prototyping Journal 21, no. 5 (August 17, 2015): 598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2014-0134.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report an interdisciplinary, cooperative-learning project in a second-year course within the “Enzo Ferrari” Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering. The work aims to raise awareness of the educational impact of additive manufacturing and reverse engineering. Design/methodology/approach – Students are asked to develop, concurrently, the design and the manufacturing solution for an eye-tracker head mount. A digital head model is reverse engineered from an anatomical mannequin and used as an ergonomic mock-up. The project includes prototype testing and cost analysis. The device is produced using additive manufacturing techniques for hands-on evaluation by the students. Findings – Results of the presented case study substantiate the authors’ belief in the tremendous potential of interdisciplinary project-based learning, relying on innovative technologies to encourage collaboration, motivation and dynamism. Originality/value – The paper confirms a spreading conviction that the soon-to-be engineers will need new practice-oriented capabilities to cope with new competitive scenarios. Engineering education must adapt to the social, rather than industrial, revolution that is being brought about by additive fabrication.
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Aydinli, Ersel. "Methodology as a Lingua Franca in International Relations: Peripheral Self-reflections on Dialogue with the Core." Chinese Journal of International Politics 13, no. 2 (2020): 287–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjip/poaa003.

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Abstract Scholarly dialogue between ‘core’ and ‘periphery’ or ‘West/non-West’ in many disciplinary communities has become an issue of discussion in recent decades, spawned in part by increased expectations in many periphery communities of being published in core journals, and complicated by factors such as the linguistic hegemony of English and concerns about access. The International Relations (IR) discipline has been at the forefront of this discussion. However, despite widespread awareness of the issue, and a dedicated push for greater emphasis on local theorising out of the periphery, the cutting edge of global IR scholarship still remains core dominant. This article proposes that a focus on ‘quality’ methodology, in the broadest possible sense of having transparent and effectively applied research designs, could serve as a lingua franca to promote the exchange of ideas in a way less prone to disadvantage periphery scholars. The article goes on to examine this issue by focusing on the case of the Turkish IR disciplinary community. It looks at how methodological issues are currently considered in Turkish IR pedagogy and scholarship and then offers a self-reflective assessment of the quality of methodology in Turkish IR. It concludes by offering suggestions on how the Turkish IR disciplinary community could better address methodological issues and, ultimately, perhaps achieve greater impact within the global IR community.
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Alchon, Guy. "Policy History and the Sublime Immodesty of the Middle-Aged Professor." Journal of Policy History 9, no. 3 (July 1997): 358–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600006060.

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The idea of policy history arises from an awareness of“something missing.” In the view of some social scientists, politics and public policy too often have been treated ahistorically by their disciplines, with evidence subordinated to theory. For some historians, the apparent waning of disciplinary interest in political history has been similarly distorting. Because of these things, social scientists, political historians, and more than a few social historians increasingly function as “policy historians,”as scholars especially alive to the vagaries and contingency of public policy and its history.
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Glancy, D., L. Reilly, C. Cobbe, M. Glynn, S. Punchoo, and K. Foy. "Lockdown in a specialised rehabilitation unit: the best of times." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 37, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.50.

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Specialised rehabilitation units offer inpatient multi-disciplinary rehabilitation for individuals with severe and enduring mental illness. A cornerstone of therapy is the work in the community through further education and community organisations. However, coronavirus restrictions have meant that such external supports are no longer available for the duration of the crisis. This has led to opportunities for developing new ways of offering rehabilitation within hospital environments. This article describes some of the new initiatives developed. The benefits of the lockdown for service users are also discussed. Many found the cessation of visits from family members with whom they had an ambivalent relationship helpful. The lockdown improved relationships between patients on the unit and encouraged a greater feeling of community. The lockdown has also emphasised the importance of team self-awareness and an awareness of the nature of the treatments offered.
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