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Journal articles on the topic 'Discoid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 September 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Årøen, Asbjørn, and Brian M. Devitt. "Discoid Meniscus." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 95, no. 22 (November 2013): e180. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.m.01087.

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2

Neuschwander, David C. "Discoid meniscus." Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics 5, no. 1 (January 1995): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1048-6666(95)80050-6.

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3

Kushare, Indranil, Kevin Klingele, and Walter Samora. "Discoid Meniscus." Orthopedic Clinics of North America 46, no. 4 (October 2015): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocl.2015.06.007.

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4

William Woods, G., and Jeffery M. MD. "Discoid Meniscus." Clinics in Sports Medicine 9, no. 3 (July 1990): 695–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-5919(20)30717-1.

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5

Atay, Ozgur Ahmet, Murat Pekmezci, Mahmut Nedim Doral, Mustafa Fevzi Sargon, Mehmet Ayvaz, and Darren L. Johnson. "Discoid Meniscus." American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, no. 3 (March 2007): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546506294678.

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6

Yáñez-Acevedo, Adolfo. "Bilateral discoid lateral menisci and unilateral discoid medial menisci." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 17, no. 7 (September 2001): 772–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jars.2001.23585.

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7

Ahmed Ali, Raheel, and Scott McKay. "Familial Discoid Medial Meniscus Tear in Three Members of a Family: A Case Report and Review of Literature." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/285675.

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Background. A discoid meniscus is a thickened variant of the normal C-shaped meniscus prone to injury. Discoid medial meniscal tears have rarely been reported within families and may suggest familial or developmental origins.Methods. We report the cases of two Caucasian brothers with symptomatic discoid medial meniscus tears. A literature review was conducted addressing discoid medial meniscus and cases of familial meniscus tears.Case Presentation. Physically active brothers presented with progressively worsening knee pain. MRI revealed medial meniscus tears in both brothers. The family history of medial meniscus tears in their mother and the discoid medial meniscus injuries found on arthroscopy suggested evidence for familial discoid medial meniscus tears.Conclusions. Discoid medial meniscus tears within a family have not been previously reported. Two cases of families with discoid lateral meniscus tears have been reported. Discoid medial meniscus is rare relative to the discoid lateral meniscus and predisposes children to symptomatic tears.
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8

Santoso, MD, Asep, Erwin Saspraditya, Muhammad Nagieb, Gilang Persada Aribowo, Iwan Budiwan Anwar, and Tangkas SMHS Sibarani. "SYMPTOMATIC DISCOID MENISCUS: A CASE SERIES." Hip and Knee Journal 2, no. 1 (February 20, 2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46355/hipknee.v2i1.63.

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Background: Discoid meniscus is a rare entity of knee pathology. The discoid meniscus can be encountered incidentally during a treatment of another knee pathology as an asymptomatic entity or can be a symptomatic pathology which warrant treatment Case presentation: There were 8 cases of symptomatic discoid meniscus reported in this retrospective case series. The symptoms presented at age range 16-47 year-old. Majority of the case (6 of 8) are lateral discoid meniscus with female gender predominant. Complete type of discoid meniscus was also found in 6 of 8 cases. There were 5 cases of ruptured discoid meniscus, three of them needed repair. Conclusions: Symptomatic discoid meniscus can be presented on wide range of age of patients. We found female gender, discoid lateral meniscus, and complete type are the predominant pattern of discoid meniscus cases presentation.
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9

Huntley, Arthur C. "Discoid lupus erythematosus." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 23, no. 3 (September 1990): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(08)81126-7.

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10

Rebello, Gleeson, Brian E. Grottkau, Maurice B. Albright, and Dinesh Patel. "Discoid Lateral Meniscus." Techniques in Knee Surgery 5, no. 1 (March 2006): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132588-200603000-00009.

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11

Weatherhead, Louis, and John Adam. "Discoid Lupus Erythematosus." International Journal of Dermatology 24, no. 7 (September 1985): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1985.tb05818.x.

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12

Ko, Christine J., Peter Heald, Richard J. Antaya, and Jean L. Bolognia. "Facial discoid dermatosis." International Journal of Dermatology 49, no. 2 (February 2010): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04206.x.

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13

Dai, Wen-Li, Hua Zhang, Ai-Guo Zhou, Gang Zhang, and Jian Zhang. "Discoid Lateral Meniscus." Journal of Knee Surgery 30, no. 09 (January 23, 2017): 854–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1598021.

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AbstractPartial and total meniscectomies are the most common treatments for patients with discoid lateral meniscus (DLM). We conducted this study to quantitatively assess and compare the outcomes of partial and total meniscectomies for DLM. We also assessed whether the outcomes differed by the type of DLM, duration of follow-up, and age of patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane database to identify relevant studies that reported outcomes, including Ikeuchi grade, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee score, Lysholm score, or failure rate, in patients who underwent partial and total meniscectomies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes, whereas mean difference and 95% CIs were calculated for continuous outcomes. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall rate of excellent (E) or good (G) postoperatively was 85.5% (95% CI: 79.5–91.5%). The E or G rate of partial meniscectomy was significantly higher than that of total meniscectomy (OR= 1.97, 95% CI: 1.03–3.75, p = 0.038). Besides, patients younger than 20 years had a significantly higher E or G rate than those older than 20 years. (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.18–8.23, p = 0.022). We also found the E or G rate tended to decrease from short- to long-term follow-up. Our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that that partial meniscectomy could achieve better outcomes compared with total meniscectomy for DLM patients.
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14

Tachibana, Yomei, Yuji Yamazaki, and Setsuo Ninomiya. "Discoid medial meniscus." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 19, no. 7 (September 2003): e59-e65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-8063(03)00688-1.

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15

Weatherhead, Louis, and John Adam. "Discoid Lupus Erythematosus." International Journal of Dermatology 24, no. 1 (January 1985): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1985.tb05522.x.

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16

Raizman, Michael B. "Discoid Lupus Keratitis." Archives of Ophthalmology 107, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1989.01070010559031.

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17

Donnelly, AM, AR Halbert, and JB Rohr. "Discoid lupus erythematosus." Australasian Journal of Dermatology 36, no. 1 (February 1995): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-0960.1995.tb00916.x.

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18

Klingele, Kevin E., Mininder S. Kocher, M. Timothy Hresko, Peter Gerbino, and Lyle J. Micheli. "Discoid Lateral Meniscus." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 24, no. 1 (January 2004): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-200401000-00015.

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19

Yaniv, Moshe, and Nehemia Blumberg. "The discoid meniscus." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 1, no. 2 (July 2007): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11832-007-0029-1.

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20

Bombaci, Hasan, Fatma Gökel, Emrah Geçgel, and Suavi Aydoğmuş. "Is the present classification of discoid meniscus sufficient?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 2_suppl2 (February 1, 2017): 2325967117S0004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117s00049.

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Introduction: Although uncommon, the discoid meniscus is quite prone to injury due to its abnormal shape and abnormal histology. The weak or absent peripheral attachment of the discoid meniscus causes instability even after partial meniscectomy. Therefore, recently, after resection of the central part of the meniscus, in which tears develop most frequently, the remnant of the meniscus is preferred to repair. In that time, the Watanabe classification, which classifies the discoid meniscuses in three groups, is used to plan treatment. However, discoid meniscus can develop in the different forms from these three main shapes. In the present study we aimed to analyse the discoid meniscuses, which we encountered during arthroscopic procedures in the knee, according to Watanabe classification. Patients and methods: The lateral discoid meniscuses in the 36 knees of 35 patients, who were operated on because of meniscus tear of either the discoid lateral meniscus itself or the normal medial meniscus, were classified according to Watanabe classification. Results: While the lateral discoid meniscuses were classified as “complete” in 13, “incomplete” in 15 knees, the meniscuses were very thin or absent in the central (one knee) or in the postero-lateral regions (seven knees) of discoid meniscus ( Figure 1 ). In this series this opening was next to the popliteus tendon except in one case. In these cases, the continuity of the meniscus between middle and posterior horn frequently was not possible after central partial meniscectomy (CPM). On the other hand, posterior horn has stable peripheral attachment unlike the Wrisberg type discoid meniscus. Of the 36 discoid meniscuses, CPM was performed in 21 knees, CPM with anterior horn repair in three, CPM with posterior horn repair in one and anterior horn repair without meniscectomy in two patients. In nine patients the lateral discoid meniscus was left alone. [Figure: see text] Discussion and conclusion: When meniscus sparing methods are intended to perform, both to decide the amount of resection and repair of the remnant, besides the shape of meniscus tear, the stability of discoid meniscus is crucial. This study shows that the Watanabe classification cannot be sufficient to include some specific type of lateral discoid meniscus. We believe that to add the discoid meniscuses, with opening in postero-lateral region next to the popliteus tendon, to the Watanabe classification might be useful to decide the amount of resection or repair of the discoid lateral meniscus.
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21

Grimm, Nathan L., James Lee Pace, Benjamin J. Levy, D’Ann Arthur, Mark Portman, Matthew J. Solomito, and Jennifer M. Weiss. "Demographics and Epidemiology of Discoid Menisci of the Knee: Analysis of a Large Regional Insurance Database." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 232596712095066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120950669.

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Background: A discoid meniscus is a morphological variant of normal knee joint meniscus shape and ultrastructure that can lead to traumatic tearing of this tissue and early joint osteoarthritis. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of discoid menisci in a large, ethnically diverse regional cohort and to evaluate possible risk factors. The hypothesis was that there would be no difference in the epidemiological distribution of discoid menisci based on ethnicity or sex. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The study population was from a regional, integrated health care system cohort from Kaiser Permanente of Southern California that, as of 2016, included more than 4.5 million patients. Patient demographics included age, sex, and ethnicity within this cohort. Potential risk factors analyzed included age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Unique characteristics of a discoid meniscus were analyzed, including a symptomatic versus asymptomatic meniscus, location of meniscal tear and type of meniscus, and frequency of meniscal surgical treatment. Results: A total of 223 patients with a confirmed discoid meniscus were identified, yielding an overall prevalence rate of 4.88 per 100,000 patients. Those identifying as Black had the lowest prevalence (2.68/100,000), while Hispanic ethnicity had the highest (6.01/100,000). However, there was no significant difference with regard to ethnicity ( P = .283), nor any significant difference between sexes. BMI did not significantly influence the rate of discoid menisci ( P = .504). A majority (77.5%) of patients were symptomatic, while 22.5% of patients with discoid menisci were asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. Symptomatic discoid menisci were more likely to be operated on compared with asymptomatic discoid menisci (71% vs 14%, respectively; P = .001; odds ratio, 14.8 [95% CI, 5.8-37.2]). Horizontal and bucket-handle tears were the more common tear types. Of the discoid menisci in this cohort, 55.6% underwent surgery, with 95.2% undergoing reported saucerization. Conclusion: In this very diverse population-based cohort of patients, there did not seem to be a significant predilection of discoid menisci with regard to ethnicity. Neither sex nor BMI significantly influenced the rate of discoid menisci. More than three-quarters of those with a diagnosed discoid meniscus were symptomatic. Of the tears that occurred with discoid menisci, horizontal and bucket-handle tears made up the largest proportion.
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22

Milewski, Matthew D., Ryan P. Coene, Kelly H. McFarlane, Kathryn A. Williams, Lanna Feldman, and Jennifer J. Beck. "NATIONWIDE ETHNIC/RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DISCOID MENISCUS IN CHILDREN: A PHIS DATABASE STUDY." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl3 (July 1, 2021): 2325967121S0005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00058.

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Background: Discoid meniscus, a congenital meniscus variant, may have greater incidence in Asian populations. No United States population-based studies have examined the discoid meniscus ethnic/racial distribution. Hypothesis/Purpose: In pediatric patients undergoing meniscus surgery, we hypothesize that ethnic/racial variability exists in patients with discoid meniscus and this variability is different than in patients with isolated medial meniscus tears. Methods: The Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) was queried from 48 hospitals to examine patients 18 years of age and younger between 2015 and 2019, using ICD-10 codes. A cohort of patients treated surgically for discoid meniscus was compared to a cohort of patients treated surgically for medial meniscal tear. These two populations were compared based on age, gender, ethnicity/race, CPT® code, insurance, urban vs rural, and region of country. Univariate testing and multivariable logistic modeling were used to test for associations. Results: A discoid meniscus cohort of 399 children (median age, 13.0 years) was compared to a medial meniscus tear cohort of 3157 children (median age, 16.0 years) (p<0.001) (Table 1). Hispanic/Latino children accounted for 36.8% of the discoid meniscus and 22.7% of the medial meniscus populations (p<0.001). Among pediatric patients that had surgery for discoid meniscus or medial meniscus, Hispanic/Latino children had 2.4 times the odds of surgery for discoid meniscus compared to white patients after adjusting for age and insurance (p<0.001) (Table 2). Asian children also had 2.4 times the odds of surgery for discoid meniscus compared to white patients (p=0.017). Conclusion: This study shows a significant association of ethnicity/race with discoid versus medial meniscus surgical treatment in children. Among pediatric patients that had surgery for discoid or medial meniscus, Hispanic/Latino and Asian patients were significantly more likely to have surgery for discoid meniscus than white patients. Hispanic/Latino children made up a greater percentage of the population having surgery for a discoid meniscus versus medial meniscus. When evaluating pediatric patients, younger age and Asian or Hispanic/Latino ethnicity should increase attention to the possibility of a discoid meniscus. [Table: see text][Table: see text]
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23

Skare, Thelma Larocca, Barbara Stadler, Emilio Weingraber, and Diogo F. De Paula. "Prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lesions." Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 88, no. 5 (October 2013): 755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132042.

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BACKGROUND: It has been observed that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lesions have a milder systemic disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical, demographic and autoantibody profile of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with and without discoid lesions. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study involving 288 systemic lupus erythematosus patients who met at least four classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for systemic lupus erythematosus, comparing the clinical, serological and demographic factors between patients with and without discoid manifestations. RESULTS: Of the 288 patients, 13.8% had discoid lesions. Univariate analysis found no differences in the prevalence of malar rash, photosensitivity, arthritis, serositis, leukopenia, lymphopenia and hemolytic anemia or anemia of the central nervous system (p = ns). Renal lesions were more common in those without discoid lesions (p =0.016), and hemolysis (p<0.0001) was more common in those with discoid lesions. Regarding the profile of autoantibodies, only the anti-RNP antibody was more common in those with discoid events (p =0.04). In a logistic regression study, only the renal lesions and anti-RNP maintained their associations with discoid manifestations. CONCLUSION: Patients with lesions of systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lesions have lower prevalence of renal involvement and a greater presence of anti RNP.
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24

Sevillano-Perez, Enrique, Alejandro Espejo-Reina, and María Josefa Espejo-Reina. "Symptomatic Bilateral Torn Discoid Medial Meniscus Treated with Saucerization and Suture." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8487194.

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Discoid meniscus is an anatomical congenital anomaly more often found in the lateral meniscus. A discoid medial meniscus is a very rare anomaly, and even more rare is to diagnose a bilateral discoid medial meniscus although the real prevalence of this situation is unknown because not all the discoid medial menisci are symptomatic and if the contralateral knee is not symptomatic then it is not usually studied. The standard treatment of this kind of pathology is partial meniscectomy. Currently the tendency is to be very conservative so suture and saucerization of a torn discoid meniscus when possible are gaining support. We present the case of a 13-year-old patient who was diagnosed with symptomatic torn bilateral discoid medial meniscus treated by suturing the tear and saucerization. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case reported of bilateral torn discoid medial meniscus treated in this manner in the same patient.
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Kuba, Megan, Jordan Snetselaar, Andrew Gupta, Viviana Bompadre, and Michael Saper. "DOES DISCOID MORPHOLOGY AFFECT PERFORMANCE ON RETURN-TO-SPORT TESTING AFTER MENISCUS REPAIR?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl (March 1, 2019): 2325967119S0002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00029.

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BACKGROUND Return-to-Sport (RTS) after knee surgery involves the return of strength and dynamic knee stability, which can be assessed with isometric strength and functional performance testing. There is little evidence-based data to assist with RTS decision-making after meniscus repair. Furthermore, there is limited RTS data comparing patients with discoid meniscus tears and instability from those with non-discoid tears. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance on functional RTS tests between pediatric patients with discoid and non-discoid meniscus tears. METHODS A retrospective review was performed of pediatric patients that underwent isolated meniscus repair by a single pediatric orthopaedic surgeon from 2010-2016. Thirty patients (14 discoid, 16 non-discoid) were identified who underwent a postoperative RTS assessment consisting of isometric strength testing, the Lower Quarter Y-balance Test (YBT-LQ), and single-leg hop testing (single hop for distance, triple hop for distance, crossover triple hop for distance, and timed hop). Demographic information and RTS data were compared between groups. Recovery of muscle strength was defined by a limb symmetry index (LSI) =90%. Statistical significance was set at P = 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 13.95 years (range, 8-19 years). Patients in the discoid group were younger than those with non-discoid meniscus tears (12.9 vs 15.1 years, respectively) (P =0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the average time from surgery to RTS test between the discoid (269 days) and non-discoid (184 days) groups. (P =0.02). For isometric strength testing, both groups had mean LSIs greater than 90% for quadriceps, hamstring, and hip abduction. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in isometric strength or performance on the YBT-LQ or any of the single-leg hop tests. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric patients who undergo repair of a discoid meniscus may require prolonged rehabilitation to achieve satisfactory completion of RTS testing. In our study, an additional 3 months on average were required to allow adequate recovery of muscle strength and dynamic functional stability when compared to those with a non-discoid meniscal repair. However, upon completion of a structured physical therapy program with stringent RTS guidelines, at the time of testing, there was no significant difference in performance on any of the RTS tests between patients with discoid and non-discoid meniscus tears. The findings of this study can assist orthopedic surgeons in safely returning pediatric patients back to sporting activities following meniscus repair.
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Zhang, Chunli, Hu Xu, and Yingchun Wang. "Symptomatic Discoid Medial Meniscus." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 43, no. 6 (June 2013): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2013.0411.

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27

Ghauri, Abdul-Jabbar, Alejandra A. Valenzuela, Brett O'Donnell, Dinesh Selva, and Simon N. Madge. "Periorbital Discoid Lupus Erythematosus." Ophthalmology 119, no. 10 (October 2012): 2193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.05.041.

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SIMON, F. "Juvenile discoid lupus erithematosus." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 11 (September 1998): S204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-9959(98)95320-x.

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Yang, Xiaolong, and Decheng Shao. "Bilateral discoid medial Meniscus." Medicine 98, no. 15 (April 2019): e15182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000015182.

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Englert, Helen J., and G. V. R. Hughes. "Danazol and discoid lupus." British Journal of Dermatology 119, no. 3 (September 1988): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03239.x.

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Sun, Ye, and Qing Jiang. "Review of discoid meniscus." Orthopaedic Surgery 3, no. 4 (October 21, 2011): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-7861.2011.00148.x.

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Rai, Reena, and Soumya Mohandas. "Childhood discoid lupus erythematosus." International Journal of Dermatology 48, no. 9 (September 2009): 999–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.04015.x.

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Pınar, Halit, Devrim Akseki, Osman Karaoğlan, Mustafa Özkan, and Engin Uluç. "Bilateral Discoid Medial Menisci." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 16, no. 1 (January 2000): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-8063(00)90135-x.

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Pandey, Vivek, Simon Nurettin van Laarhoven, Kiran K. V. Acharya, Sharath K. Rao, and Sripathi Rao. "MENISCAL ABNORMALITIES: DISCOID MENISCUS." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 15, no. 01 (March 2012): 1230001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957712300013.

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The discoid meniscus is the most common meniscal variant. The likely etiology being congenital, the condition usually affects the lateral meniscus. Poorly vascularized, thicker and unstable, the discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is more prone to tears due to abnormal shearing forces. Watanabe et al. (1979) classified the discoid lateral meniscus into three types: Complete, incomplete and Wrisberg type; Monllau et al. (1998) added the ring type as the fourth variant. Pain and clicks/thud are the most common presentations. Plain radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in confirming the diagnosis. Asymptomatic DLM is best left alone. For symptomatic complete and incomplete types, partial arthroscopic saucerization is the treatment of choice leaving behind a stable rim. The Wrisberg type needs peripheral stabilization with resection of excess rim, if any. Total meniscectomy should be avoided unless inevitable. Short term results after partial meniscectomy are good.
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Gasior-Chrzan, Barbara, and G. Ingvarsson. "Periorbicular discoid lupus erythematosus." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 12, no. 3 (May 1999): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.1999.tb01051.x.

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Aldave, Anthony J., Deepak P. Edward, Anna J. Park, Irving M. Raber, and Ralph C. Eagle. "Central Discoid Corneal Dystrophy." Cornea 21, no. 8 (November 2002): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003226-200211000-00001.

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Mahapatra, Swagat, and Suruchi Ambasta. "Bilateral Discoid Medial Menisci." JBJS Case Connector 6, no. 3 (July 13, 2016): e53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.cc.15.00188.

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George, Pierre M. "Childhood Discoid Lupus Erythematosus." Archives of Dermatology 129, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1993.01680260083012.

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COHEN, PHILIP R. "CHILDHOOD DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Pediatric Dermatology 11, no. 1 (March 1994): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1470.1994.tb00085.x.

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Gavin, M. B. "DISCOID MENISCUS — KNEE INJURY." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 27, Supplement (May 1995): S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199505001-00716.

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Stark, James E., Marilyn J. Siegel, Edward Weinberger, and Dennis W. W. Shaw. "Discoid Menisci in Children." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 19, no. 4 (July 1995): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004728-199507000-00020.

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Zhou, M.-Y., and C. Tan. "Comedonic discoid lupus erythematous." Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 48, no. 4 (March 7, 2019): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03009742.2019.1571627.

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Thomas, S. E., and R. E. Church. "(12) Discoid lupus erythematosus." British Journal of Dermatology 115, s30 (July 1986): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb07707.x.

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Saygi, Baransel, Yakup Yildirim, Salih Senturk, Saime Sezgin Ramadan, and Hakan Gundes. "Accessory lateral discoid meniscus." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 14, no. 12 (May 19, 2006): 1278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-006-0093-y.

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Saavedra, Manuel, Matías Sepúlveda, María Jesús Tuca, and Estefanía Birrer. "Discoid meniscus: current concepts." EFORT Open Reviews 5, no. 7 (July 2020): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190023.

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Discoid meniscus is the most frequent congenital malformation of the menisci, and primarily affects the lateral meniscus; it is highly prevalent in the Asian population. The anatomic, vascular, and ultrastructural features of the discoid meniscus make it susceptible to complex tears. Discoid meniscus anomalies are described according to their shape; however, there is consensus that peripheral stability of the meniscus should also be defined. Initial workup includes plain X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging, while arthroscopic evaluation confirms shape and stability of the meniscus. Clinical presentation is highly variable, depending on shape, associated hypermobility, and concomitant meniscal tears. Treatment seeks to re-establish typical anatomy using saucerization, tear reparation, and stable fixation of the meniscus. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:371-379. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190023
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46

George, P. M. "Childhood discoid lupus erythematosus." Archives of Dermatology 129, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.129.5.613.

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47

Khallaayoune, Mehdi, Siham Belmourida, Fatima Azzahra Elgaitibi, and Mariame Meziane. "Eyelid discoid lupus erythematosus." Our Dermatology Online 12, e (May 15, 2021): e28-e28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7241/ourd.2021e.28.

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Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) most commonly affects the face and scalp. Palpebral involvement is rare and not evocative when presenting as the prime manifestation of the disease. We report hereby the case of a young male patient with isolated palpebral and labial DLE. A 34-year-old patient with no medical history was referred from ophthalmology for an erythematous plaque of the eyelid resisting usual treatment of blepharitis. Skin examination revealed a congestive erythema on the right lower eyelid with eyelash fall (Fig. 1). There was also an atrophic cheilitis of the lower lip with slight erosions (Fig. 2). Scalp, oral mucosa and the rest of the integument were not affected. Skin biopsy of the eyelid revealed marked orthokeratosis with slight basal vacuolization and perivascular lymphoplasma cells infiltrate. Direct immunofluorescence displayed a positive lupus band (Fig. 3). Work-up for systemic involvement was negative. Ophthalmologic assessment found no intraocular involvement. Hydroxychloroquine 200mg twice a day with clothing and chemical photoprotection were implemented allowing significant improvement after 3 months (Fig. 4). Palpebral involvement of DLE is uncommon compared to the other suggestive locations including scalp, nose, cheekbones, ears, neckline and hands. An isolated involvement does not suggest DLE at first sight and often leads to delayed diagnosis while scarring and lid deformities might be expected if left untreated [1]. Most commonly it presents as erythematous telangiectasic scaly plaques on the external third of lower eyelid. Blepharitis-like, madarosis, periorbital edema or cellulitis presentations have also been reported [2]. Differential diagnosis may arise with several chronic palpebral dermatoses, as carcinomas, eczema, blepharoconjunctivitis, or seborheic dermatosis. Assessment for intraocular involvement such as keratitis should always be performed [3]. Early recognition and treatment are essential to avoid eyelid complications as ectropion, entropion, and trichiasis. Photoprotection and antimalarials are the mainstay treatment showing remarkable efficacy.
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Sanke, Sarita, and Anuja Yadav. "Pellagroid discoid lupus erythematosus." Indian Journal of Medical Research 152, no. 7 (2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2157_19.

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Nomura, Kazutoshi, Jiro Mizuoka, Terumi Sakae, and Hikaru Tajima. "A case report of discoid medial meniscus injury with discoid lateral meniscus." Orthopedics & Traumatology 34, no. 4 (1986): 1303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5035/nishiseisai.34.1303.

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Farlett, Johnmark, and Jonathan R. Wood. "Ipsilateral Medial and Lateral Discoid Menisci: A Rare Combination of Infrequent Anatomic Variants." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 10 (March 31, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jcis_133_2019.

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A discoid meniscus is a thick, disk-shaped meniscus which is prone to tearing, degeneration, and loss of stability in the knee. A discoid meniscus most commonly affects the lateral meniscus, rarely the medial meniscus. Here, we present a case of an extremely rare medial and lateral discoid meniscus in the ipsilateral knee of a 10-year-old male. Ipsilateral medial and discoid menisci are incredibly rare and one must keep this entity in mind to avoid confusion while interpreting knee magnetic resonance imaging.
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