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Journal articles on the topic 'Discount curves'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Musau, Andrew. "Hyperbolic discount curves: a reply to Ainslie." Theory and Decision 76, no. 1 (2013): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11238-013-9361-8.

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2

DETTE, HOLGER, and DANIEL ZIGGEL. "DISCOUNT CURVE ESTIMATION BY MONOTONIZING MCCULLOCH SPLINES." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 11, no. 05 (2008): 529–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024908004919.

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In this paper a new method for monotone estimation of discount curves is proposed. The main idea of this approach is a simple modification of the commonly used (unconstrained) McCulloch Spline. We construct an integrated density estimate from the predicted values of the discount curve. It can be shown that this statistic is an estimate of the inverse of the discount function and the final estimate can be obtained by a numerical inversion. The resulting procedure is simple and we have implemented it in Excel and VBA, respectively. The performance is illustrated by several examples, in which the

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3

Ainslie, George. "Pure hyperbolic discount curves predict “eyes open” self-control." Theory and Decision 73, no. 1 (2011): 3–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11238-011-9272-5.

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Gáll, József, Gyula Pap, and Martien C. A. van Zuijlen. "Maximum likelihood estimator of the volatility of forward rates driven by geometric spatial AR sheet." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2004, no. 4 (2004): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110757x04306133.

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Discrete-time forward interest rate curve models are studied, where the curves are driven by a random field. Under the assumption of no-arbitrage, the maximum likelihood estimator of the volatility parameter is given and its asymptotic behaviour is studied. First, the so-called martingale models are examined, but we will also deal with the general case, where we include the market price of risk in the discount factor.

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Caulfield, Jon P., David B. South, and Greg L. Somers. "The Price-Size Curve and Planting Density Decisions." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 16, no. 1 (1992): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/16.1.24.

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Abstract The planting density decision is influenced by the price-size relationship existing between the tree crop grown and the products sold. Several price-size curves are presented, and their impact on the optimal economic planting density is evaluated. Results indicate that when the price-size curve is upward sloping, fairly low planting densities may be appropriate. Higher densities apply when the price-size curve is flat. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the impact of changing site index and discount rate on the density decision. South. J. Appl. For. 16(1):24-29.

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MERCURIO, FABIO. "MODERN LIBOR MARKET MODELS: USING DIFFERENT CURVES FOR PROJECTING RATES AND FOR DISCOUNTING." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 13, no. 01 (2010): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021902491000570x.

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We introduce an extended LIBOR market model that is compatible with the current market practice of building different yield curves for different tenors and for discounting. The new paradigm is based on modeling the joint evolution of FRA rates and forward rates belonging to the discount curve. We will start by analyzing the basic lognormal case, then we will add stochastic volatility. The dynamics of FRA rates under different measures will be obtained and closed form formulas for caplets and swaptions derived in the lognormal and Heston (1993) cases.

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El Karoui, Nicole, Caroline Hillairet, and Mohamed Mrad. "Affine long term yield curves: An application of the Ramsey rule with progressive utility." Journal of Financial Engineering 01, no. 01 (2014): 1450003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345768614500032.

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The purpose of this paper relies on the study of long-term affine yield curves modeling. It is inspired by the Ramsey rule of the economic literature, that links discount rate and marginal utility of aggregate optimal consumption. For such a long maturity modelization, the possibility of adjusting preferences to new economic information is crucial, justifying the use of progressive utility. This paper studies, in a framework with affine factors, the yield curve given from the Ramsey rule. It first characterizes consistent progressive utility of investment and consumption, given the optimal wea

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Han, Xiao Dong, and Ting Luo. "Research on the Social Discount Rate for the Whole Life Cycle Engineering Cost Management." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6284.

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The Whole Life Cycle Engineering Costing Management is an effective method to minimize the cost of an engineering project for the whole life, including the construction period, the operation period and the removal period. In this paper, we divided the Engineering Cost into three parts of labor costs, material costs and machinery costs. We have built a River-influx Model to calculate the social discount rate for the future, based on historical data and using MATLAB software to fit curves. We can then calculate the whole Life Cycle Engineering Cost for the future.

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Huang, Zheng-Ming, K. Fujihara, and S. Ramakrishna. "Bending Failure Characterisation of Laminated Beams with Braided Fabric Reinforcement." Advanced Composites Letters 12, no. 3 (2003): 096369350301200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350301200301.

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An experimental procedure has been performed in this work to characterise failure behaviour of braided fabric reinforced composite laminates subjected to flexural load. The material system used was carbon/epoxy. The laminated beams were made using eight layers of diamond braid reinforcement. Two braiding angles, i.e., 5° and 15°, were applied. Six beams with laminate arrangements of [5/5/5/5/5/5/5/5], [15/15/15/15/15/15/15/15], [5/5/15/15/15/15/5/5], [15/15/5/5/5/5/15/15], [5/5/15/15/5/5/15/15], and [15/15/5/5/15/15/5/5] were loaded under 4-point bending to their ultimate failure, where the br

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Laparra, Valero, Sandra Jiménez, Gustavo Camps-Valls, and Jesús Malo. "Nonlinearities and Adaptation of Color Vision from Sequential Principal Curves Analysis." Neural Computation 24, no. 10 (2012): 2751–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00342.

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Mechanisms of human color vision are characterized by two phenomenological aspects: the system is nonlinear and adaptive to changing environments. Conventional attempts to derive these features from statistics use separate arguments for each aspect. The few statistical explanations that do consider both phenomena simultaneously follow parametric formulations based on empirical models. Therefore, it may be argued that the behavior does not come directly from the color statistics but from the convenient functional form adopted. In addition, many times the whole statistical analysis is based on s

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Liu, Qiang, and Zheng Ming Huang. "Investigation on Nonlinear Constitutive Relationship for a Honeycomb Sandwich Composite." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1025–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1025.

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This paper investigates nonlinear responses of honeycomb sandwich composite under externally applied loads theoretically and experimentally. In the experimental work, honeycomb sandwich composites made of an aluminum honeycomb core and glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) laminate surfaces were loaded under in-plane tension and out-of plane bending up to failure. Stress-strain curves or load deflection plot together with elastic moduli and ultimate strengths were obtained. An energy approach was used to establish a nonlinear constitutive relationship for the honeycomb sandwich composites. Maki

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CHIA, NGEE CHOON, and ALBERT K. C. TSUI. "Life annuities of compulsory savings and income adequacy of the elderly in Singapore." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 2, no. 1 (2003): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747203001239.

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Singapore has a publicly managed central provident fund (CPF) system, which is compulsory and based on individual accounts with an explicit link between contribution and benefits. This paper assesses the adequacy of the CPF saving to meet the retirement needs of the elderly in Singapore. Instead of emphasizing the mechanism of accumulation, we focus on the expenditure side of the lifetime budget of the elderly and estimate the present value of retirement consumption (PVRC). The estimated PVRC is obtained by simulations through three major components: calibration of subsistence and medical expe

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D’Auria, Bernardo, Eduardo García-Portugués, and Abel Guada. "Discounted Optimal Stopping of a Brownian Bridge, with Application to American Options under Pinning." Mathematics 8, no. 7 (2020): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8071159.

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Mathematically, the execution of an American-style financial derivative is commonly reduced to solving an optimal stopping problem. Breaking the general assumption that the knowledge of the holder is restricted to the price history of the underlying asset, we allow for the disclosure of future information about the terminal price of the asset by modeling it as a Brownian bridge. This model may be used under special market conditions, in particular we focus on what in the literature is known as the “pinning effect”, that is, when the price of the asset approaches the strike price of a highly-tr

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Huang, Rongbing, and Donghang Zhang. "Managing Underwriters and the Marketing of Seasoned Equity Offerings." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 46, no. 1 (2010): 141–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109010000712.

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AbstractUsing a sample of 2,281 seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) from 1995 to 2004, we show that the marketing of securities is important to issuers. The number of managing underwriters for an SEO is negatively related to the offer price discount, especially when the relative offer size is large and the stock return volatility is high. Larger investor networks of comanaging underwriters also lower offer price discounts. We argue that the evidence is supportive of the marketing hypothesis: The underwriters’ marketing efforts can lower the offer price discount by shifting up and flattening the d

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15

Ainslie, George. "Précis of Breakdown of Will." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 5 (2005): 635–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05000117.

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Behavioral science has long been puzzled by the experience of temptation, the resulting impulsiveness, and the variably successful control of this impulsiveness. In conventional theories, a governing faculty like the ego evaluates future choices consistently over time, discounting their value for delay exponentially, that is, by a constant rate; impulses arise when this ego is confronted by a conditioned appetite. Breakdown of Will (Ainslie 2001) presents evidence that contradicts this model. Both people and nonhuman animals spontaneously discount the value of expected events in a curve where

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16

Widyanita, Wike, and Nelson Saksono. "Technoeconomic analysis of shale gas gross split contract in Naintupo Formation, Tarakan Basin." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186701003.

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The deficit of natural gas supply and demand could be minimized by discovering new reserves in conventional or unconventional reservoir. Shale gas potential in Indonesia was estimated 574 TCF and Naintupo Formation in Tarakan Basin had 5 TCF of technically recoverable reserve with 35 TCF risked gas-in-place. This study would discuss technoeconomic aspect of shale gas field development in Naintupo Formation, Tarakan Basin using gross split contract scheme. Three flow profiles would be developed by using Arps hyperbolic decline curves, consist of low flow profile with initial production (qi) of

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Lasage, R., T. I. E. Veldkamp, H. de Moel, et al. "Assessment of the effectiveness of flood adaptation strategies for HCMC." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 6 (2014): 1441–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-1441-2014.

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Abstract. Coastal cities are vulnerable to flooding, and flood risk to coastal cities will increase due to sea-level rise. Moreover, Asian cities in particular are subject to considerable population growth and associated urban developments, increasing this risk even more. Empirical data on vulnerability and the cost and benefits of flood risk reduction measures are therefore paramount for sustainable development of these cities. This paper presents an approach to explore the impacts of sea-level rise and socio-economic developments on flood risk for the flood-prone District 4 in Ho Chi Minh Ci

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Lasage, R., T. I. E. Veldkamp, H. de Moel, et al. "Assessment of the effectiveness of participatory developed adaptation strategies for HCMC." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 1 (2014): 385–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-385-2014.

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Abstract. Coastal cities are vulnerable to flooding, and flood risk to coastal cities will increase due to sea-level rise. Moreover, especially Asian cities are subject to considerable population growth and associated urban developments, increasing this risk even more. Empirical data on vulnerability and the cost and benefits of flood risk reducing measures are therefore paramount for sustainable development of these cities. This paper presents an approach to explore the impacts of sea level rise and socio-economic developments on flood risk for the flood prone District 4 in Ho Chi Minh City,

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19

Iannazzo, Sergio, Laura Santoni, Cecilia Saleri, et al. "[Cost-effectiveness analysis of peginterferon beta-1a in Italian relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis management]." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 17, no. 2S (2016): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v17i2s.1230.

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BACKGROUND: Peginterferon beta-1a is indicated in adult patients for the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The efficacy and safety of peginterferon beta-1a was demonstrated in the placebo-controlled ADVANCE trial.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of peginterferon beta-1a as compared with injectable first-line treatments for RRMS in Italy.METHODS: The cost-effectiveness analysis was developed through a Markov model with lifetime simulation in the perspective of the Italian National Healthcare Service (NHS). It was added an alte

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20

Choi, Briana, Nimer S. Alkhatib, Hala Halawah, et al. "Economic evaluation of crizotinib, alectinib, ceritinib, and brigatinib in treatment naïve anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive (ALK+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e21102-e21102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e21102.

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e21102 Background: Crizotinib was approved by the FDA (2011) as the first ALK inhibitor for ALK+ NSCLC as the first line drug. This was followed by the approval as second line treatment of ceritinib (2014), alectinib (2015) and brigatinib (2017); and, following more data, now also as first line therapies in ALK+ NSCLC. With varying costs and clinical benefits for progression free survival (PFS), cost effectiveness/utility analyses were conducted. Methods: A 3 state Markov model was built including progression free, progression and death. PFS and overall survival curves were digitized and expon

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21

MADAN, DILIP B., and WIM SCHOUTENS. "TENOR SPECIFIC PRICING." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 15, no. 06 (2012): 1250043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024912500434.

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Observing that pure discount projection curves are now based on a variety of tenors leads us to enquire into the possibility of theoretically deriving tenor specific zero coupon bond prices. The question then also arises on how to construct tenor specific prices for all financial contracts. Noting that in conic finance one has the law of two prices, bid and ask, that are nonlinear functions of the random variables being priced, we model dynamically consistent sequences of such prices using the theory of nonlinear expectations. The latter theory is closely connected to solutions of backward sto

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22

Elit, L. M., A. Gafni, and M. N. Levine. "Economic and policy implications of adopting paclitaxel as first-line therapy for advanced ovarian cancer: an Ontario perspective." Journal of Clinical Oncology 15, no. 2 (1997): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1997.15.2.632.

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PURPOSE To determine the potential economic and policy implications that result from incorporating paclitaxel into first-line therapy for stage 3 and 4 ovarian cancer patients in the province of Ontario, Canada. METHODS A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted to compare cisplatin/cyclophosphamide (CC), a standard therapy, with cisplatin/paclitaxel (CT). Based on survival curves from a clinical trial, mean costs and survival were calculated. Sensitivity analyses were conducted based on altering the duration of paclitaxel infusion, discount rates, and efficacy of paclitaxel. RESULTS The mean

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23

Smyth, Andrew W., Gülay Altay, George Deodatis, et al. "Probabilistic Benefit-Cost Analysis for Earthquake Damage Mitigation: Evaluating Measures for Apartment Houses in Turkey." Earthquake Spectra 20, no. 1 (2004): 171–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1649937.

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In the wake of the 1999 earthquake destruction in Turkey, the urgent need has arisen to evaluate the benefits of loss mitigation measures that could be undertaken to strengthen the existing housing stock. In this study, a benefit-cost analysis methodology is introduced for the comparative evaluation of several seismic retrofitting measures applied to a representative apartment building located in Istanbul. The analysis is performed probabilistically through the development of fragility curves of the structure in its different retrofitted configurations. By incorporating the probabilistic seism

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Hommes, Cars H., and J. Barkley Rosser,. "CONSISTENT EXPECTATIONS EQUILIBRIA AND COMPLEX DYNAMICS IN RENEWABLE RESOURCE MARKETS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 5, no. 02 (2001): 180–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100501019034.

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Price fluctuations under adaptive learning in renewable resource markets such as fisheries are examined. Optimal fishery management with logistic fish population growth implies a backward-bending, discounted supply curve for bioeconomic equilibrium sustained yield. Higher discount rates bend supply backward more to generate multiple steady-state rational expectations equilibria. Under bounded rationality, adaptive learning of a linear forecasting rule generates steady-state, two-cycle as well as chaotic consistent expectations equilibria, which are self-fulfilling in sample average and autocor

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Andersen, Leif. "Discount curve construction with tension splines." Review of Derivatives Research 10, no. 3 (2007): 227–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11147-008-9021-2.

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Nurhasni, K. A. R. Ku, J. Sabirin, S. E. Wan Puteh, and M. Dahlui. "An Economic Evaluation of Sunitinib Versus Pazopanib As First Line Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 72s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.13100.

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Background: Sunitinib and pazopanib have been shown to benefit the metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients as evidence suggested that these treatments have a comparable clinical effectiveness. However, no local economic evaluation was known to determine the value of these treatments in Malaysia. Aim: To estimate the financial implication of sunitinib and pazopanib as first line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Malaysia by conducting a cost minimization analysis. Methods: A state transition model was developed using Microsoft Excel® 2010 with a hypothetical cohort modeled over 1

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Riaz, Irbaz Bin, Abdulaali Almutairi, Daenielle K. Lang, et al. "Cost-effectiveness of novel antiandrogens (AAs) for treatment of nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): 5583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.5583.

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5583 Background: FDA has approved three novel AAs [Apalutamide(A), Darolutamide(D) and Enzalutamide(E)] in combination with Androgen deprivation therapy ( ADT) for treatment of (nmCRPC) patients (pts). We report the cost-effectiveness of these drugs from the US perspective to help facilitate the choice of these agents for clinical practice. Methods: A life time Markov state-transition model was constructed with three health states (Metastasis-Free Survival[MFS], Metastatic disease, and Death) to compare cost-effectiveness of AA therapies for treatment of nmCRPC based on US healthcare payer per

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Barzi, Afsaneh, Sang K. Cho, Joel W. Hay, et al. "Cost-effectiveness (CE) of regorafenib dose optimization schedule in metastatic colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e18367-e18367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18367.

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e18367 Background: Regorafenib at 160mg daily 21/28 days is a standard therapeutic option in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the cost of treatment and management of its side-effects is more than the cost-effectiveness threshold for oncology drugs in US and many countries around the world. ReDOS (Regorafenib Dose Optimization Study), is a randomized phase II trial in refractory mCRC and established that weekly dose escalation of regorafenib over the conventional dosing is superior in the composite endpoint of safety and efficacy. We explored the impact of the new dosing str

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Jakubowiak, Andrzej, Istvan Matyas Majer, Ivan Houisse, et al. "Economic Evaluation of Carfilzomib+Dexamethasone (Kd) Vs Bortezomib+Dexamethasone (Vd) in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (R/RMM)." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 3582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3582.3582.

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Abstract Background : Carfilzomib is an innovative second generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) that binds irreversibly and selectively to the proteasome. Carfilzomib exhibits sustained inhibition of the proteasome with minimal off-target activity. Kd was approved in 2016 as a treatment (Tx) option for R/RMM patients who have received one to three prior lines of therapy.In the ENDEAVOR phase 3, open label, multicenter randomized controlled trial assessing Kd vs Vd, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18.7 months (95% CI:15.6 - could not be estimated) in the Kd group vs 9.4 months (8.4 -

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Shen, Zhixiang, Xiaojun Huang, Samara Mendes de Costa, et al. "Cost-Effectiveness of Imatinib in Comparison with Bone Marrow Transplant in Chronic Phase (CP) Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) in China." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2474.2474.

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Abstract Abstract 2474 Poster Board II-451 Background Imatinib is associated with significant long-term survival benefits in CP CML patients versus bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Despite the proven benefits of imatinib and its position in first line treatment of chronic CML in several countries, BMT remains a treatment option in first line treatment of CML China. This modelling study was designed to explore the cost-effectiveness of imatinib in the Chinese setting. Methods A model was built in Microsoft Excel, with quarterly time intervals for overall survival over a 2-year period due to t

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Gallant, A. Ronald, and George Tauchen. "Cash Flows Discounted Using a Model-Free SDF Extracted under a Yield Curve Prior." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 3 (2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14030100.

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We developed a model-free Bayesian extraction procedure for the stochastic discount factor under a yield curve prior. Previous methods in the literature directly or indirectly use some particular parametric asset-pricing models such as with long-run risks or habits as the prior. Here, in contrast, we used no such model, but rather, we adopted a prior that enforces external information about the historically very low levels of U.S. short- and long-term interest rates. For clarity and simplicity, our data were annual time series. We used the extracted stochastic discount factor to determine the

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Park, Jeong-Yeol, and SooCheong (Shawn) Jang. "Did I Get the Best Discount? Counterfactual Thinking of Tourism Products." Journal of Travel Research 57, no. 1 (2016): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287516680775.

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Current trends in the tourism industry indicate that most potential travelers purchase tourism products from online travel agents that provide price promotions. Even though the range of price promotions often varies, the tourism literature does not address potential travelers’ perceptions after purchasing products at various discount rates. This study examined the relationships among different discount rates, temporal distance, and counterfactual thinking—a mental undoing of existing outcomes. Results showed that the relationship between discount rate and counterfactual thinking had a U-shaped

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Alkhatib, Nimer S., Briana Choi, Hala Halawah, et al. "Economic evaluation of crizotinib, alectinib, ceritinib, and brigatininb in anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive (ALK+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as second-line treatment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e21104-e21104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e21104.

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e21104 Background: Crizotinib, alectinib, ceritinib, and brigatinib are approved as second line treatment for ALK+ NSCLC. Crizotinib was the first ALK inhibitor for first line therapy approved by Food and Drug Administration (2011) then ceritinib (2014), alectinib (2015), and brigatinib (2017) were approved as second line drugs. Following more data, these agents were approved as the first line therapy (2017 for ceritinib and alectinib; 2020 for brigatinib). These remain as a treatment option in patients who fail the first line therapy. Cost-effectiveness/utility analyses were conducted to asse

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GACH, FLORIAN. "NOTE ON THE SMITH–WILSON INTEREST RATE CURVE." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 19, no. 07 (2016): 1650039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024916500394.

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Since the entry into force of Solvency II as of 1 January 2016, all European insurance companies concerned have to use the Smith–Wilson interest rate curve to determine the value of their insurance obligations and thus of a substantial part of their balance sheet. Although Smith & Wilson introduce the underlying discount curve [Formula: see text] as the sum of a ‘long-term’ discount curve [Formula: see text] and a linear combination of the so-called Wilson function [Formula: see text] evaluated at different payment dates [Formula: see text], that is, [Formula: see text] a mathematically so

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Aw, Andrew, Kathryn Coyle, Isabelle Bence-Bruckler, Christopher N. Bredeson, and Doug Coyle. "Bendamustine and Rituximab Versus Conventional Chemoimmunotherapy As a Frontline Treatment for Patients with Indolent B-Cell Lymphoma: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1186.1186.

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Abstract Background: Indolent lymphomas are characterized by a chronic relapsing-remitting course. Bendamustine-Rituximab (BR) has been shown to improve overall response rate and progression free survival (PFS) in the upfront treatment of patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL), as compared with conventional chemoimmunotherapy (Rummel et al., 2013; Flinn et al., 2014). The pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review has recommended publicly funding BR, but concluded there is substantial uncertainty regarding the regimen's cost-effectiveness. The objective of our study was to assess the

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Patel, Kishan, Stacey Stein, Janki Luther, and Scott F. Huntington. "Cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab and bevacizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e18829-e18829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18829.

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e18829 Background: The IMbrave150 trial found that atezolizumab and bevacizumab significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced metastatic or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), compared to sorafenib. However, atezolizumab and bevacizumab are costly treatments and are administered indefinitely until disease progression. Therefore, it is unclear whether atezolizumab-bevacizumab is cost-effective in this clinical setting. Methods: We constructed a partitioned survival model to compare the costs and effectiveness of atez

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Midha, Manav Dev, and Mark Edward Votruba. "Cost-effectiveness of concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma patients with unmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter regions in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.2058.

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2058 Background: Promoter region methylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene has emerged as a predictive factor for longer overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival response to concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy in glioblastoma. Recently, several investigators have suggested the small survival benefit of TMZ for unmethylated patients is insufficient to warrant the increased risk of adverse events and that these patients should instead be enrolled in clinical trials. This study informs the debate by estimating the incremental costs and bene

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Choi, Briana, Neda Alrawashdh, Ali McBride, and Ivo Abraham. "Cost evaluation of adjunctive osimertinib use in resected epidermal growth factor receptor-positive non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 8525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.8525.

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8525 Background: About 30% of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor positive (EGFR+) non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are eligible for surgical resection. Osimertinib, a first line therapy for advanced EGFR+ NSCLC (stages 1B, 2, 3A), has shown clinical efficacy compared to placebo as an adjunctive therapy post resection. We evaluated the cost effectiveness/utility of this regimen. Methods: A two health state Markov model was built (disease free vs. disease recurrence or death). Disease free survival (DFS) curves were digitized and fitted to exponential function. 3 year timeline as p

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Duarte, Antonio Aurelio, Aldy Fernandes da Silva, Luciano Vereda Oliveira, Elionor Farah Jreige Weffort, and Betty Lilian Chan. "The Term Structure of Interest Rates and its Impact on the Liability Adequacy Test for Insurance Companies in Brazil." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 26, no. 68 (2015): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201500420.

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<p>The Brazilian regulation for applying the Liability Adequacy Test (LAT) to technical provisions in insurance companies requires that the current estimate is discounted by a term structure of interest rates (hereafter TSIR). This article aims to analyze the LAT results, derived from the use of various models to build the TSIR: the cubic spline interpolation technique, Svensson's model (adopted by the regulator) and Vasicek's model. In order to achieve the objective proposed, the exchange rates of BM&FBOVESPA trading days were used to model the ETTJ and, consequently, to discount th

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Rosenberg, Joseph Irving. "Discounting Damage Awards Using the Zero Coupon Treasury Curve: Satisfying Legal and Economic Theory While Matching Future Cash Flow Projections." Journal of Forensic Economics 21, no. 2 (2010): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/jfe.21.2.173.

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Abstract How to calculate damage awards has long been the subject of academic dispute. Much focus has been on what is the appropriate discount rate to convert future lost earnings into a lump sum amount. Conflicting or ambiguous legal guidance by the courts has lead to wide disparities in discount rate methodology. This paper presents a fresh, alternative approach to valuing lost earnings in damage awards using current market data from the zero coupon Treasury bond curve. Unlike many other approaches this approach satisfies legal requirements while offering several theoretical and practical be

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Di Vita, Giuseppe. "Is the discount rate relevant in explaining the Environmental Kuznets Curve?" Journal of Policy Modeling 30, no. 2 (2008): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2007.04.012.

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Teplitz, Charles J. "Negotiating Quantity Discounts Using A “Learning Curve Style” Analysis." Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management 24, no. 2 (1988): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493x.1988.tb00456.x.

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Alrawashdh, Neda, Nimer Alkhatib, Ali McBride, Daniel Persky, and Ivo Abraham. "Economic Evaluation for the US of Ibrutinib Versus Acalabrutinib for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 4829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112619.

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Abstract Introduction . Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare subtype of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with a poor prognosis. Ibrutinib is an oral Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) approved in the US in 2013 for, among other indications, MCL patients with at least one prior therapy (i.e., relapsed/refractory [R/R] MCL). The BTKi acalabrutinib was approved in late 2017 specifically for this same indication. No studies have assessed the comparative efficacy and cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of both agents in the management of R/R MCL. We performed an indirect comparison of both agents

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Fu, Li Xin, Hui Ren, Jian Hua Wang, and Tian Le Zhang. "Research on the Safe Lighting of Minor Radius Curve Spiral Tunnels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.358.

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Abstract: Based on the engineering background of Sichuan Ganhaizi spiral tunnel, this thesis studied the surrounding environment of portal and simulated the whole portal section, and then analyzed the effect of natural light on the portal illumination at different times. With the research on the brightness reduction and human eyes’ adaptation to it, the thesis calculated the discount rate k and obtained the requirements of vehicle speed at Ganhaizi tunnel entrance. Finally, the thesis put forward that some light reduction facilities such as vegetation outside the portal should be used, and on

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Fengler, Matthias R., and Lin-Yee Hin. "A simple and general approach to fitting the discount curve under no-arbitrage constraints." Finance Research Letters 15 (November 2015): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2015.08.006.

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Brusov, Peter, Tatiana Filatova, Natali Orekhova, Veniamin Kulik, She-I. Chang, and George Lin. "Generalization of the Modigliani–Miller Theory for the Case of Variable Profit." Mathematics 9, no. 11 (2021): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9111286.

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For the first time we have generalized the world-famous theory by Nobel Prize winners Modigliani and Miller for the case of variable profit, which significantly extends the application of the theory in practice, specifically in business valuation, ratings, corporate finance, etc. We demonstrate that all the theorems, statements and formulae of Modigliani and Miller are changed significantly. We combine theoretical and numerical (by MS Excel) considerations. The following results are obtained: (1) Discount rate for leverage company changes from the weighted average cost of capital, WACC, to WAC

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Dardanoni, Valentino. "ON THE LORENZ CURVE ORDERING OF DISCOUNTED STREAMS OF INCOME." Bulletin of Economic Research 43, no. 3 (1991): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.1991.tb00499.x.

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Alrawashdh, Neda, Abdulaali Almutairi, Ali McBride, and Ivo Abraham. "Economic Evaluation of Daratumumab and Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone Versus Isatuximab and Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-136348.

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Background. Although several new treatments are available for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), most patients eventually relapse at a median time of 8.0 months (95%CI: 6.3-8.9). Patients with relapsed and refractory MM (R/R MM) who have had several lines of previous therapy or who are refractory to lenalidomide and proteasome inhibitors require alternative options. Daratumumab and isatuximab are monoclonal antibodies that bind to the human CD38 receptor. Phase II/III clinical trials showed that isatuximab (ISA) or daratumumab (DARA) in combination with pomalidomide (POM-d) and low-dose dexa

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Ainslie, George. "Vulnerabilities to addiction must have their impact through the common currency of discounted reward." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31, no. 4 (2008): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x08004743.

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AbstractThe ten vulnerabilities discussed in the target article vary in their likelihood of producing temporary preference for addictive activities – which is the phenomenon that puzzles conventional motivational theory. Direct dopaminergic stimulation, but probably not the other vulnerabilities, may contribute to the necessary concavity of addicts' delay discounting curves, as may factors that the senior author analyzes elsewhere. Whatever their origins, these curves can themselves account for temporary preference, sudden craving, and the “automatic” habits discussed here.

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Zhang, Yuan. "Application of machine learning algorithm and static model of interest rate curve in futures analysis." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 4 (2020): 4823–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-179968.

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There are still some errors and instabilities in futures analysis. In order to improve the accuracy of prediction, this study combines image processing technology and applies image processing technology to interest rate wireless to construct a static model based on image processing. The necessary conditions for no arbitrage are realized by adjusting the price of issuing virtual vouchers at a parity, that is, the discount rate is monotonous in discrete cases. In addition, this paper obtains static model statistical graphs through data, and combines image noise processing and image segmentation

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