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Buczek, Joshua David. "Cripple effects between discourse and event /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Glasbey, Sheila R. "Event structure in natural language discourse." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20533.
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We present new observations on the distribution of sentence-final 'then'. We develop an analysis which reveals the need to distinguish between times which are explicitly mentioned and those which are merely implicit in the description of events. The account is expressed formally in DRT (Kamp and Reyle 1993), and involves restricting the introduction of temporal discourse referents to cases where an explicit temporal referent is present. We discuss possible problems with the DRT account in extending to larger fragments, and suggest that incorporating ideas from situation theory (Barwise and Perry 1983), along the lines of Cooper's situation-theoretic DRT (STDRT) (Cooper 1993a, 1993b) may overcome these problems. We present an alternative formalisation expressed in a version of Cooper's situation theoretic grammar (STG) (Cooper 1991). In this fragment, the distinction between explicit and implied temporal referents is made in terms of information about the utterance. Observations are made concerning 'at the time' and 'at the same time'. In order to develop an account, we look at related non-temporal observations, involving 'the X' and 'the same X' in discourse sequences, where X is a relational noun such as 'colour'. We develop an account in STDRT using the notion of generalised role, which we show is related to notions of thematic roles/relations used in the literature. Applying this account to the temporal data, we show how this explains the distribution of 'at the time' and 'at the same time' and allows us to propose a way to formalise the discourse relation known as backgrounding. We show how the incorporation of situations allows us to give a treatment of aspectual class and aspectual composition expressed in terms of event structure.
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Cervi, Lucia. "The fertility show as a Field-Configuring Event : a critical discourse analysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/42971/.
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This thesis explores how Field-Configuring Events (FCEs) discursively maintain field legitimacy. It particularly addresses how organisations within the field of fertility treatment employ discourses of the female non-reproductive body at one of the field’s FCEs, the Fertility Show. FCEs are temporally and spatially bounded events where organisations belonging to the same field meet and share collective understandings of issues relevant for field-level activities. Despite being acknowledged as important loci for field configuration and legitimacy (Lampel and Meyer, 2008; Wooten and Hoffman, 2016), FCEs are still relatively understudied phenomena. This research particularly addresses the gap of how discourse is generated and employed at FCEs (Hardy and Maguire, 2010), specifically towards legitimacy. It sits within an academic discussion that sees a number of empirical studies concerned with the discursive analysis of legitimacy (Vaara et al., 2006; Alvesson, 1993; Brown, 1998), but a critical perspective to the analysis of discourse is rarely taken (Vaara et al., 2006; Barros, 2014). The thesis contributes to this discussion by adopting a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach to unveil discursive strategies of legitimacy employed at the FCE to maintain field legitimacy. As a dynamic and on-going process (Deegan, 2002; Suchman, 1995), legitimacy needs to be maintained (Shocker and Sethi, 1974). Scholars acknowledge that FCEs can work towards field maintenance (Schüssler et al., 2014), however studies that discursively investigate this process and its implications for legitimacy are missing. The importance and peculiarity of FCEs represent a compelling case for analysis, and for empirical and theoretical expansion in this regard. This thesis importantly also focuses on the concept of the body within organisation studies, and zooms in on the female body in particular. With respect to this literature, works so far have mostly analysed the body at work. The study shifts the attention from the body of the worker to the body per se, as a product, tool, and entity in its own right. Finally, this thesis brings to the fore how the female body is constructed within the organisational domain when it is not reproducing. By doing so, it expands our knowledge and balances our discussions as to how the female body is understood when non-reproductive or infertile. The thesis is based on a qualitative study of organisations within the field of fertility treatment in the UK, and entails the critical discourse analysis of organisational texts collected at the Fertility Show, here understood as a FCE. The study critically investigates how organisations discursively construct the female non-reproductive body; which relations they put in place between themselves and the bodies they construct; and how such bodies and relations discursively maintain the field’s legitimacy at the FCE. The analysis shows that organisations at the Fertility Show construct three discourses of the female non-reproductive body, and that each discourse engenders an imbalanced relation between the organisations and the female body. It further shows that each discourse and relation is rooted in past discourses on womanhood and motherhood, which are not explicitly employed by organisations at the FCE. Further, the research illustrates that, in this setting, organisations maintain field legitimacy through the discursive strategies of adaptation to social norms, reiteration of past discourses, and temporary interruption of social norms. At the FCE, legitimacy is thus sustained by adapting to current social norms on motherhood; by reiterating broader historical discourses on the female body; and by temporarily interrupting the current social norm that views infertility as taboo. Building on the term ‘discursive space’ from Hardy and Maguire (2010), the study further contributes to our knowledge of discourse and FCEs by showing that FCEs can be approached as open discursive spaces where imbalanced relations are generated through discourse. It illustrates that FCEs are open spaces because, while they are temporally and spatially bounded, the discourses employed therein are not. The analysis shows that past discourses are employed at the FCE to maintain legitimacy, but not explicitly so. This in turn makes resistance hard to carry out. The study further contributes to how we methodologically approach FCEs by applying a CDA approach to the study of discourse within FCEs. Particularly, a CDA approach explicitly shows that discourse can foster legitimacy through the creation of imbalanced relations between text producers and text consumers. This in turn brings to the fore issues of power, struggle, and resistance within and outside of the FCE. With respect to organisation studies centred on the female body and reproduction, the thesis highlights how fertile bodies and infertile bodies exist in a dualistic system of societal and organisational expectations that cannot be simultaneously satisfied. Consequently, the female body finds itself locked in a lose-lose situation with regards to its reproductive choices, within and outside of organisational life.
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Brawley, Hartman. "What Informs Event Descriptions: Language, Salience, and Discourse in English and Japanese." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338275303.
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Vanek, Norbert. "A linguistic analysis of event conceptualisation processes in first and second language discourse : evidence for language-specificity in the temporal discourse organisation of basic and advanced Czech and Hungarian learners of English." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277357.
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This dissertation examines conceptual reorganisation in second language learners by comparing event construal patterns in first language (L1) and second language (L2) discourse. Previous research suggests that the way grammatical aspect is encoded in the speaker's L1 can influence how events are conceptualised in their L2 (von Stutterheim & Carroll 2006). Given the lack of consensus regarding partial (Bylund 2011a) versus zero (Schmiedtová et al. 2011) susceptibility to reorganising L1 event construal patterns in L2, the present work contributes to this resonant discussion by investigating the extent to which language-specific grammatical aspectual operators influence message planning (Levelt 1989, Habel & Tappe 1999) in three typologically diverse L1 groups and four L2 groups. More specifically, film verbalisations and picture descriptions by Czech, Hungarian and English native speakers, and Czech and Hungarian learners of English at basic and advanced levels were elicited to test (a) whether crosslinguistic event construal contrasts are attributable to the differences in the grammatical means that are available for encoding temporality in a particular L1; (b) whether learners’ degree of susceptibility to reorganising L1 principles for temporal reference in the target language changes as a function of L2 proficiency; and (c) whether event construal patterns across groups remain unaffected by changes of modality (speech vs. writing) and task type. The main novel feature lies in testing L2 learners’ ability to adjust L1 thinking-for-speaking principles (Slobin 1996) in the target language through a systematic scrutiny of four conceptualisation processes abreast (i.e. event segmentation, information selection, temporal structuring and linearization).
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Nawaz, Raheel. "Enriching biomedical events with meta-knowledge." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/enriching-biomedical-events-with-metaknowledge(38bc835b-c833-497d-ad72-f9f1fb345cf4).html.
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Owing to the ever increasing information deluge, it is becoming increasingly difficult to locate relevant information through traditional term-based search methods. Event–based text mining provides a more promising approach, as it also takes into account the semantic relationships between terms. Typical event representations only focus on identifying the type of the event, its par-ticipants and their types. However, additional information, which is essential for correct interpretation of the event, is often present in the text. This includes infor-mation about the polarity, certainty level, intensity/rate/frequency, type and source of the knowledge conveyed by the event. We refer to this additional information as meta-knowledge. This thesis focusses on our work involving the enrichment of events with meta-knowledge information. In this thesis we: • describe the annotation scheme designed specifically to capture meta-knowledge information at the event level• report on the corpora that have been enriched through deployment of the meta-knowledge annotation scheme• describe the work on automated identification of meta-knowledge including: - a broad-ranging study on analysis and identification of polarity of bio-events using three different bio-event corpora - a detailed study on analysis and identification of knowledge source in bio-events found in abstracts as well as in full papers - a first study on analysis and identification of bio-event manner• describe the initial work on a new approach to discourse analysis based on me-ta-knowledge annotations at the event level
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Bauer, Caroline H. "Waste traffic(ing): an anthropological analysis of one situated event in the environmental justice discourse /." Connect to online version, 2009. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2009/365.pdf.
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Samouth, Eglantine. "Dire l’événement quand il surgit. Les journées d’avril 2002 au Venezuela dans trois quotidiens nationaux : une analyse discursive." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0035/document.
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En avril 2002, le président du Venezuela, Hugo Chávez Frías est éloigné du pouvoir pendant environ quarante-huit heures et remplacé par un président provisoire, Pedro Carmona Estanga, qui dissout l’ensemble des pouvoirs publics. Malgré sa brièveté, cet épisode a marqué l’histoire du Venezuela et témoigne de façon paroxystique des antagonismes sociaux et politiques que connaît ce pays. La présente recherche a pour but d’analyser la construction discursive de cet événement dans un corpus de trois quotidiens nationaux, en observant comment s’esquisse son sens au moment où il surgit. Dans un premier temps, nous exposons le contexte historico-politique et médiatique dans lequel se sont déroulés ces événements, avant de nous interroger sur la notion d’événement. Il en ressort que l’événement n’est pas une réalité saisissable en tant que telle, mais une réalité signifiée, dans laquelle le langage joue un rôle fondamental. Dans un deuxième temps, nous examinons de quelle manière l’apparition de l’événement se matérialise dans le dispositif des journaux, en accordant une attention particulière aux différents niveaux de titres. La troisième partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’étude la nomination de l’événement, tout d’abord, dans les titres et les Unes, puis à l’intérieur des articles. Les analyses de corpus montrent que le discours des journaux face à cet événement se caractérise par une certaine indétermination, par un usage abondant de l’implicite et par une tendance à l’effacement des journalistes derrière des faits qui semblent s’imposer comme une évidence<br>In April 2002, the President of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez Frías, was removed from power for approximately forty-eight hours and replacing by an acting president, Pedro Carmona Estanga, who disbanded all of the public authorities. In spite of its brevity, this episode marked the history of Venezuela and testifies acutely to the social and political antagonisms experienced by this country. This research aims to analyse the discursive construction of this event within a corpus of three national daily newspapers, by observing how its meaning takes shape during the moment the events took place. Firstly, I present the historical and political context in which these events occurred and media’s situation in Venezuela, before exploring the notion of the event in general terms. As a result, I show that the event is not a reality that can be captured as such, but is in fact a signified reality, in which language plays a fundamental role. Secondly, I examine in what ways the event is materialised in the dailies’ structure, while according particular attention to the various hierarchical levels of the headlines. The third part of the thesis is dedicated to the study of the event naming act, firstly in the headlines and front pages, then within articles. The corpus analyses show that the discourse of the newspapers in front of this event are characterised by a certain vagueness, by abundant usage of implicit modes of address and by the journalists’ tendency to hide behind facts that seem to impose themselves naturally
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Poulakos, Niko. "Rhetorical Encounters with the Exigence of 9/11: Witnesses Rewrite the Rhetorical Situation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4899.
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This dissertation examines the discourses of witnesses in their response to the exigence of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. I find significant clusters of terms and phrases that I read as reimagining the meaning of the attacks as well as the position of audience members who themselves rewrite the rhetorical situation or context in which the attacks take place. Traditional uses of the "rhetorical situation" model to understand the exigence of the attacks - as an objective external event that called discourse into being, a spectacular image that confused and traumatized audiences, or set of opportunities for President Bush to manipulate its meanings - continues to miss the vernacular, everyday texts of witnesses that struggle to articulate the exigence. Through conflicted and contradictory testimony analyzed in each chapter, I show how witnesses' discourses problematize the status of the exigence of the attacks, keeping its meaning open and dynamic. I conclude that audience members' discourse - the words and phrases of witnesses - may therefore be read as an "event" rather than as part of a stagnant situation. In this way, the rhetorical force of words maintains a capacity to transform the very context in which it takes place as opposed to being read by critics as just another instance of a pre-existing situation.
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Weslaty, Hager. "Introduction to the general economy of discourse : meeting and the event in thought of Kojeve, Bataille and Lacan." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301082.
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Mahdavi, M. Amin. "An event-driven distribution model for automatic insertion of illustrations in narrative discourse : a study based on the Shāhnāma narrative." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1249.
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Book designers and manuscript artists have inserted illustrations into narrative works for centuries now. This practice is an intelligent behaviour that requires specialised knowledge of the text and the external parameters affecting the selection and placement criteria. This thesis offers a model for automation of illustration insertion into a narrative discourse. The model presented here is a significant improvement to the crudest method of dividing the text into equal parts and inserting one illustration into each part. This study starts from the position that narratives are expressions of mental representations of a sequence of events in various modes of discourse. Here, this mental representation is referred to as ‘the story’. When coupled with a mode of discourse, the story becomes a narrative. Thus, a story can be expressed as oral, written, pictorial, or film narratives. If they all express the same sequence of events, they are telling the same story. In an illustrated narrative, while the written discourse expresses the event sequence in the form of sentences, illustrations depict them using pictorial elements. The insertion of illustration into written narrative is analogous to collating two texts into one, based on their event content. In this process, sentential representation of events are collated against the pictorial expressions of the same events. Thus, for the purposes of automation, this study claims that an investigation into the locations of events can lead to potential locations for illustration insertions. However, the list of potential illustration locations can be improved further through eliminating the events that are not depictable. This model is also able to further improve on the insertion policy by incorporating event constraints as parameters for event priorities. If a set of event types is given preference in the illustration policy, the model is able to prioritise the list accordingly. Furthermore, the model is able to allow the samedegree of customisation for preferred characters, locations, or time in the story. The prioritisation can be applied to the entire narrative, or smaller chunks of the narrative text such as chapters or sections. The model is developed via the study of the verb roots of sentences – denoting the event types – in the discourse of Mohl’s critical edition of the Shāhnāma, the Persian epic composed by Abu al Qāsium Firdausī in 400/1010. A collection of 109 illustrated manuscripts of the Shāhnāma was considered in this study. These manuscripts come from various traditions of Persian paintings and cover a long period from the early 14th century to the late 19th century. A population of nearly 6,000 Shāhnāma illustrations were annotated. Each illustration is linked to a sentence in the narrative. The bottom-up approach to the study of verb distribution in the written discourse against the illustration location distribution indicates that illustration distribution follows the same trend as that of the depictable event distribution in the discourse. Particular event tokens displayed a high rate of illustration rendering them as all time favourite events. In summary, this study claims that investigation into the distribution of events in a narrative discourse provides a model for the insertion of illustrations into a narrative work.
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Vilhena, Flavia Braga Krauss de. "O acontecimento Eloísa Cartonera: memória e identificações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8145/tde-20122016-140926/.
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Neste trabalho, a partir da Análise do Discurso de linha materialista, interpretamos a constituição e o funcionamento de Eloísa Cartonera como um acontecimento que ressoa na dimensão da memória discursiva, desatando uma ampla rede de filiações por identificação (cf. PÊCHEUX, 1990a). Nessa direção, começamos por analisar não só as condições de produção da aparição de Eloísa, na Buenos Aires de 2003, mas também os modos pelos quais o trabalho do cartonero um sujeito social que surge com força nesse contexto histórico, marcado pela crise de 2001 se inscreve no centro de produção desse coletivo, algo que ressoará posteriormente no funcionamento de outras cartoneras. Imediatamente, passamos a abordar aspectos do funcionamento de três cartoneras pioneiras a própria Eloísa, Dulcineia Catadora em São Paulo e Yerba Mala em Cochabamba interpretando que o fazer da primeira teria significado uma desestruturação-reestruturação de certas redes e trajetos (cf. PÊCHEUX, ibidem) no que se refere a práticas de publicação editorial. Para trabalhar especificamente os modos pelos quais as cartoneras se representam e projetam no dizer de si seu trabalho nos debruçamos sobre os manifestos, escritos a convite pelas oito primeiras; às já mencionadas, somam-se outras cinco, a saber: Sarita, Animita, Mandrágora, La Cartonera e Yiyi Jambo. Esses textos foram publicados em Akademia Cartonera: Un ABC de las editoriales cartoneras latinoamericanas (BILBIJA & CARBAJAL, 2009). Na análise, primeiramente nos centramos no dispositivo paratextual que acompanha tais manifestos, abordando o que chamamos de gesto de interpretação no interior de um processo de identificação das editoras desta obra: nesse sentido, compreendemos o significante manifiesto como um índice da antecipação imaginária do lugar que as editoras projetam para os coletivos que são convidados a se manifestarem. Na sequência, nos detemos na análise do escrito pelas próprias cartoneras ao responderem a essa interpelação e analisamos algumas regularidades a partir de dois eixos: a interpretação das condições de produção por parte do sujeito do discurso e o modo como, nessas textualidades, se projeta ou antecipa a relação com a própria prática. Como uma das conclusões, depreendemos que Eloísa retomaria a posição simbólica do cartonero e a resignificaria, sendo que isto parece operar como uma regularidade no funcionamento dos coletivos que estudamos. Cabe ainda observar que o trabalho das cartoneras, desse conjunto sempre em aberto, ganha reconhecimento em outros âmbitos e circuitos, graças ao gesto de interpretação formulado a partir da academia.<br>In this work, from the Discourse Analysis of the materialistic approach, we interpret the constitution and operation of Eloísa Cartonera as an event that resonates in the dimension of discursive memory, untying a wide network of affiliations identification (cf. PÊCHEUX, 1990a). In this direction, we begin by analyzing not only the conditions of production of the appearance of Eloisa, in Buenos Aires in 2003, but also the ways in which the work of cartonero - a social subject that arises with force in a historical context, marked by the 2001 crisis - falls within the production center of this collective, which later resound in the functioning of other cartoneras. Immediately, we began to address aspects of the operation of three pioneering cartoneras - Eloísa herself, Dulcinea Catadora in São Paulo and Yerba Mala in Cochabamba - interpreting that the making of the first would have meant a disruptionrestructuring of certain networks and paths (cf. PÊCHEUX, ibidem) concerning some editorial publication practices. To specifically work on the ways in which cartoneras represent and design themselves in the speech itself - we look back on the \"manifestations\", written at the invitation by the first eight; those already mentioned, are added five others, namely: Sarita, Animita, Mandrágora, La Cartonera and Yiyi Jambo. These texts were published in \"Akademia Cartonera: Un ABC de las editoriales cartoneras Latin American\" (BILBIJA & CARBAJAL, 2009). In the analysis, first we focus on paratextual device that accompanies such manifestations addressing what we call \"interpretation gesture\" - within a process of identification - the publishers of this work: in this sense, we understand the significant \"manifiesto\" as an index the imaginary anticipation of the place that publishers design for the collectives are invited to submit comments. Following, we stop in the analysis written by cartoneras themselves to answer this interpellation and analyze some regularities from two axes: the interpretation of production conditions by the subject of the speech and how, these textualities, project or anticipate the relationship with the practice itself. As one of the conclusions, we infer that Eloísa would take back the symbolic position of cartonero and it would resignify itself, and this seems to operate as a regular way in the functioning of groups which we study. It should be observed that the work of cartoneras, of this set always open, gains recognition in other areas and circuits thanks to the gesture interpretation formulated by the academy.
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Shi, Lan Rui Phyllis. "A critical discourse analysis of news reports on the event of the umbrella revolution in China Daily and South China Morning Post." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953417.
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Mello, Felipe Marques de. "Elaboração discursiva da performance musical enquanto evento estético /." São Paulo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192208.
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Orientador: Gisela Gomes Pupo Nogueira<br>Resumo: A partir de uma abordagem discursiva, o presente trabalho propõe ferramentas para descrever os eventos estéticos e os tipos de discurso musical que permeiam a música instrumental contemporânea, mais especificamente nas escolhas enunciativas que cabem ao intérprete musical. Inicialmente, são definidos alguns preceitos acerca da interpretação musical, passando pelas correntes interpretativas e pelas funções do intérprete até chegar à reflexão sobre o ato musical em si. Após a apresentação desse panorama das discussões sobre a atividade interpretativa, a atenção se volta para a construção de sentido na música, de onde se entende que os próprios eventos estéticos – acontecimentos de grande impacto – guiam os fazeres musicais. Para tal finalidade, é utilizado o ferramental de certa linhagem da semiótica francesa. É Greimas, mais especificamente no livro Da Imperfeição, quem diz que as linguagens sensíveis são caracterizadas por eventos (estéticos ou estésicos) que rompem com um sentido discursivo mais abrangente, análogo à própria vida cotidiana, agregando-lhe valor. Os autores Zilberberg e Landowski, em suas trajetórias teóricas, buscaram sistematizar o livro Da Imperfeição cada um a seu modo, ainda que com diversas congruências: Zilberberg, partindo das reflexões de Greimas sobre as fraturas, estabelece a sua acepção de acontecimento, que busca dar conta do evento que acarreta um verdadeiro rompimento do sentido, cuja restauração se daria na própria resolução do acontecimento, q... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Based on a discursive approach, the present work offers tools to describe aesthetic events and the types of musical discourse present in contemporary instrumental music, particularly in enunciative choices made by musical performers. First, some precepts related to musical performance are defined; later, interpretative currents and the functions of the performer are brought to the debate until finally reflecting upon the musical act itself. After presenting this overview of discussions on the interpretative activity, construction of meaning in music is contemplated, reaching an understanding that the aesthetic events themselves - events of great impact - guide musical activities. For such, the tooling of a certain line of French semiotics is used. Greimas is the one who – in the book De l’imperfection – says that sensitive languages are characterized by (aesthetic or aesthesial) events that enable a more comprehensive discourse meaning – which is similar to everyday life itself – increasing its value. Throughout their theoretical trajectories, authors Zilberberg and Landowski sought to systematize the book De l’imperfection, each in their own way, but with different congruences: Zilberberg, based on Greimas' reflections on fractures, establishes his meaning of event, which tries to present an incident that causes a real disruption of meaning, whose restoration would take place in the very resolution of such incident, gradually turning into discursive grandeur; Landowski, on t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor
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Barros, Mariana Luz Pessoa de. "O discurso da memória: entre o sensível e o inteligível." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-29042013-101320/.
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Com base na teoria semiótica greimasiana e em seus desdobramentos na gramática tensiva, são analisados diferentes gêneros autobiográficos produzidos no Brasil, como a autobiografia literária em prosa, os poemas de caráter autobiográfico e os memoriais acadêmicos. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é examinar a construção desses gêneros em relação com as esferas da comunicação de que participam: a esfera literária e a esfera acadêmica. Além disso, são analisadas as formas de adesão do enunciatário aos discursos, uma vez que, em cada gênero e mesmo em cada texto, o enunciador, ao apresentar retrospectivamente a sua vida, regulamenta de forma singular a entrada de grandezas no campo de presença do enunciatário. A análise do corpus permite propor duas formas discursivas de memória como categoria analítica dos discursos autobiográficos: a memória do acontecido e a memória-acontecimento. Mais da ordem do inteligível, a primeira manipula o enunciatário por meio de estratégias que privilegiam a legibilidade do texto, enquanto a segunda promove uma experiência, predominantemente, sensível. Os diversos gêneros que compõem o corpus desta pesquisa tendem a favorecer uma combinação específica entre essas duas formas da memória. Isso possibilita que eles sejam organizados num gradiente, que tem num dos extremos os memoriais acadêmicos e, no outro, os poemas de caráter autobiográfico. As autobiografias literárias em prosa se encontram entre as duas pontas, ora tendendo para um, ora para outro extremo.<br>Based on the French Semiotics theory and its segments in the tensive Grammar, this study analyses different sorts of autobiographical genres written in Brazil, such as the literary autobiographies in prose, autobiographical poems and academic autobiographies. One of the aims of this study is to examine the building up process of these genres and how they relate with the communication spheres they participate in: the literary sphere and the academic sphere. Moreover, as the enunciator uniquely regulates the introduction of objects in the enunciatees presence field while recollecting past moments of his life, this study also analyses the different ways how the enunciatee adheres to the discourses in each genre and even in each text. The analysis of the corpus allows this study to propose two discursive types of memory as an analytical category: the memory of past event and the event memory. Being more intelligible, the former captures the enunciatee through strategies which highlight the legibility of the text, whereas the latter promotes an essentially sensitive experience. The different genres which compose the corpus of this research contribute to a particular combination between these two types of memory. Such combination leads to the organization of the autobiographical genres in a gradient which presents the academic autobiographies at one end and the autobiographical poems at the other. The literary autobiographies in prose lie between both ends, tending alternatively to one or another end.
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Danino, Charlotte. "Les mécanismes de construction du sens dans le discours sur l’événement en cours : étude de sémantique sociocognitive sur le direct de CNN le 11 septembre 2001." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT5026.
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Comment parle-t-on de quelque chose lorsque l'on n'est pas sûr de savoir de quoi il s'agit? Comment construit-on du sens au beau milieu d'une crise sémantique? Et Pourquoi? Cette thèse envisage la production linguistique dans un corpus choisi pour sa haute spécificité: le direct de CNN le 11 septembre 2001. La première partie décrit et justifie le choix de la situation de l'événement en cours et la constitution du corpus, qui bénéficiera d'une double approche, inductive et déductive. La seconde partie analyse les cadres du discours contraints par la situation et contraignant les productions: le direct télévisé et l'interaction y sont caractérisés et analysés. La typologie des profils sociodiscursifs conduit à une analyse en termes de modes de discours. La troisième partie envisage les contraintes cognitives, en intégrant les apports de la psycholinguistique. Négociation de la référence, construction du common ground, structuration de l'information y sont considérés dans le corpus, qui présents bien souvent une déviation par rapport à la situation en langue générale. Une conclusion revient sur le parcours théorique et méthodologique qui aura été nécessaire ainsi que sur certaines conclusions d'analyses<br>How do we talk about something when we do not know what it is we are talking about? How do you construct meaning when it escapes? And why do we dot that? The dissertation explores linguistic production in a corpus chosen because it is highly specific: CNN's live broadcast on 9/11. The first describes and justifies this choice in terms of the situation of an ongoing event and in terms of corpus methodology; since its analysis blends inductive and deductive approaches. The second part considers frames of discourse as constrained by the situation and constraining linguistic productions: the TV live broadcast and the interaction are characterized and analyzed. Sociodiscursive profiles emerge that correlate modes of discourse. The third part considers cognitive constraints on verbalizations from the point of view of theories of common ground, bridging linguistics and psycholinguistics. Reference construction, information structuring, the notion of key-words confirm the specific quality of the corpus, deviating from general norms. A conclusion retraces the complex theoretical and methodological considerations and sums up analytical contributions
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Chaves, Tyara Veriato 1983. "Da Marcha das Vadias às vadias da marcha : discursos sobre as mulheres e o espaço." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271053.
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Orientador: Monica Graciela Zoppi Fontana<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T00:38:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2015<br>Resumo: Este trabalho se volta para as disputas de sentido que envolvem a presença das mulheres no espaço público a partir da seguinte pergunta: como os sentidos de `vadia¿ se constituem no movimento Marcha das Vadias? Para tanto, analisamos o funcionamento discursivo dos Coletivos Marcha das Vadias no Facebook, a textualização do político e os deslocamentos que produzem uma ruptura na memória sobre a vadia, tendo como trajeto de pesquisa três eixos: 1. Os modos de subjetivação no discurso através da relação entre língua, sujeito e história; 2. Os processos de constituição, formulação e circulação dos dizeres de um movimento político imbricados ao espaço digital; 3. O funcionamento da memória discursiva nas relações históricas que significam as mulheres no espaço público, bem como o processo de construção e legitimação do sujeito vadia social e politicamente na Marcha. No intuito de percorrer tais trajetos de sentido, situamo-nos no horizonte teórico da Análise do Discurso materialista proposta por Michel Pêcheux, que considera a constituição ideológica dos sentidos instaurando um campo de reflexão que leva em conta as relações entre a realidade histórica, a materialidade da língua e a existência do sujeito. Ao mesmo tempo, promovemos diálogos com campos do saber que giram em torno da incorporação da categoria gênero, problematizando a sexualização da experiência humana no discurso, a exemplo da História das Mulheres e dos Estudos de Gênero<br>Abstract: This work analyses the dispute of meanings involving the presence of women in public space from the following question: how the meanings of 'vadia' are constituted in the movement "Marcha das vadias"? In order to do so, we have analyzed the discursive functioning of the collective "Marcha das Vadias" on Facebook, the textualization of the political and the displacements that produce a rupture in the memory about the "vadia". Our research focused on three main questions: 1. The modes of subjectivation in discourse through the relationship between language, subject and history; 2. The processes of constitution, formulation and circulation of discourses of a political movement in the digital space; 3. The operation of discursive memory in historical relations that produces meanings for women in the public space, as well as the process of construction and legitimation of the social subject "vadia" in the "Marcha das vadias", socially and politically. In order to go through such paths of meaning, this work is situated in the theoretical horizon of the materialist discourse analysis proposed by Michel Pêcheux, which considers the ideological constitution of the meanings, setting up a field of reflection that takes into account the relationship between historical reality, materiality of the language and the existence of the subject. At the same time, we promote the dialogue with fields of knowledge that revolve around the incorporation of gender, questioning the sexualization of human experience in discourse, such as the History of Women and Gender Studies<br>Mestrado<br>Linguistica<br>Mestra em Linguística
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Vidotti, Joselita Júnia Viegas. "Políticas linguísticas para o ensino de língua estrangeira no Brasil do século XIX, com ênfase na língua inglesa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-07112012-122108/.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo o discurso político-educacional sobre o ensino de língua estrangeira (LE) no Brasil. Primeiramente examinamos o espaço de memória de ensino de LE no processo educacional brasileiro. Ao constatarmos que a lei que oficializou o ensino das línguas inglesa e francesa no Brasil (Decisão nº 29) havia se dado no início do século XIX (1809), decidimos investigar que discursos suscitaram a criação de políticas linguísticas para o ensino de LE no Brasil no século XIX. Sob a ótica da Análise do Discurso, de linha Pêcheutiana, investigamos os efeitos de sentido construídos a partir do discurso político-educacional sobre o ensino da língua inglesa no Brasil do século XIX, buscando compreender a formulação das políticas linguísticas da época em relação às LE e o estatuto destas naquelas políticas. O corpus foi composto por leis, debates parlamentares e relatórios ministeriais relacionados ao ensino da língua inglesa. A análise da materialidade linguística dos enunciados produzidos pelos sujeitos legisladores mostrou que a Decisão nº 29 instaurou um acontecimento discursivo, rompendo com a memória de não-regulamentação do ensino de LE no Brasil e fundou o sentido de utilidade das LE para a instrução pública no Brasil. Constatamos que a política de ensino de LE ancorava-se em um saber importado. Concluímos que o acontecimento discursivo instaurado pela Decisão nº 29 criou um lugar para as LE e estas também fizeram parte de uma política de produção e circulação de conhecimento.<br>The aim of this study is the political educational discourse (PED) about foreign language (FL) teaching in Brazil. First we examined the space of memory of FL teaching in the Brazilian educational system. Having noticed that the law which officialized English and French language teaching in Brazil (Decreet n.29) was promulgated in 1809, we decided to investigate the discourses which generated the establishment of language policies for FL teaching in Brazil in the 19th century. Under the light of the Pecheutian Discourse, we investigated the effects of the meanings produced by the PED about FL teaching in Brazil in the 19th century in order to understand the formulation of the FL teaching policies at that time and the status of FL in those policies. The corpus was built from laws, debates in Parliament and ministerial reports related to FL teaching. The analysis of the linguistic materiality of the discourse produced by legislators showed that the Decreet n. 29 established a discourse event, which breaks up with the previous discourse of non-official FL teaching in Brazil and founded the meaning of utility for FL in the public teaching system. We concluded that the FL teaching policy was anchored to an imported knowledge. Also, we concluded that the discourse event caused by the Decreet n. 29 created a place for FL and these were part of a policy for knowledge production and circulation.
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Telles, Cynara Maria Andrade. "Autismo : um acontecimento discursivo." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7479.
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Previous issue date: 2016-04-06<br>Não recebi financiamento<br>In this research, we intend to treat autism in a theoretical, clinical and, also, a
discursive perspective. We understand it as a discursive event, considering the
progresses since the construction of the disorder category assumed by Child
Psychiatry M.D. in the 1940’s, an age when childhood mental disorder and other
studies related to childhood, arisen and marked all the subsequent course of this
theoretical universe. Our research’s object is the autism’s diagnosis, appointments
and re-appointments in science, turning the designation process back to the subject
with conductions that contrasts the social balance. Further, we first approach the
subject, deliberated as abnormal, and the forms of specifying and positioning him.
We will do this course, with the purpose of discussing what has been created until we
reach the present historical moment: the nosographic name of autism. Therefore, we
will turn back the path that science has followed until the current days, with its
classificatory conceptions about autism, always prioritizing the path followed by the
theoretical constructions and their effects inside medical, psychoanalytic and
philosophical knowledge, as, also, autistic child´s itself. And yet, into the
(un)knowledge non-experts person, according to legal supplies and their effects on
subjects who experience this condition, whether autistics themselves, whether the
people whom they live: parents, brethren, educators, professionals. This course aims
to confirming autism as a discursive event, as an example, proposed by Foucault.
Our intention with such retrieval, considering the positions occupied by this divergent
subject, is to discuss the historical, social and political issues that shaped the
scenarios and the places by him occupied.<br>Pretendemos neste trabalho abordar o autismo na perspectiva teórico-clínica, como
também na discursiva, entendendo-o enquanto um acontecimento discursivo,
propondo pensar os desdobramentos desde a construção de uma categoria de
doença empreendida pela psiquiatria infantil na década de 1940, época em que a
doença mental infantil e outros trabalhos voltados para a infância surgiram e
marcaram todo o campo posterior deste universo teórico. Nosso objeto de estudo é
o diagnóstico do autismo, suas nomeações e renomeações no campo da ciência,
retomando os processos de denominação do sujeito com conduta que desafia o
equilíbrio social. Para tanto, primeiramente abordaremos as formas de nomeação e
posicionamento do sujeito dito anormal. Faremos este percurso, com o propósito de
discutir o que se compõe até chegarmos ao momento histórico atual, quanto à
denominação nosográfica do autismo. Portanto, retomaremos o caminho que a
ciência seguiu até os dias de hoje, com seu campo conceitual e classificatório sobre
o autismo, sempre priorizando o percurso seguido pelas construções teóricas e os
efeitos delas no saber médico, no saber psicanalítico, no saber filosófico, como
também do próprio autista. E ainda, no (não) saber do leigo, de acordo com
dispositivos legais e seus efeitos sobre sujeitos que vivenciam esta condição, quer
sejam os próprios autistas, quer sejam as pessoas que com eles convivem: pais,
irmãos, professores, profissionais. O corpus se comporá de três entradas de análise,
a primeira, trazendo recortes do discurso do Estado, a segunda, do discurso da
ciência, e a terceira, de uma autista. Este caminho visa confirmar o autismo como
um acontecimento discursivo, conforme proposto por Foucault. Nosso objetivo, com
tal retomada, considerando as posições ocupadas por esse sujeito desviante, é
refletir as questões históricas, sociais e políticas que configuraram os cenários e os
lugares por ele ocupados.
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Norberg, Anna-Maija. "Undervisning och bedömning i svenska på högstadiet : Elever i årskurs 7 skriver saga och recension." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för språkdidaktik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-121358.
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Barbosa, Pedro da Silva. "A morte como acontecimento na web: o caso “Amin Khader” e a zona de tensão no ambiente virtual." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4560.
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Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-18T12:26:34Z
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Previous issue date: 2014-04-02<br>CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os sentidos que são produzidos a partir da morte como acontecimento na internet e sua relação com o tempo para a apuração das informações. Para tal, foi utilizado como objeto de pesquisa o caso da suposta morte do humorista Amin Khader, que foi equivocadamente dado como morto no dia 28 de junho de 2011. Através da Análise do Discurso, de linha francesa, com especial atenção às formações discursivas, discute-se, os deslizamentos de sentido que ocorrem nos discursos na internet. Para tanto, procurou-se mapear a circulação das notícias na mídia on-line de referência e dos desdobramentos que o caso teve no microblog Twitter. A partir de uma análise que utiliza técnicas qualitativas e quantitativas, busca-se um exercício de reflexão sobre a web, onde os papeis dos jornalistas e dos internautas se misturam e se confundem, podendo ocasionar equívocos jornalísticos. Propõe-se a existência de uma zona de tensão, um espaço, no ambiente virtual, onde não é possível discernir o que é verdadeiro do que não é. Além disso, o trabalho discute como o próprio meio trata de restabelecer a “verdade”, ou, versão de realidade.<br>The aim of this project is to analyze the different meanings produced by the death as an internet event and the time for having the actual information. As a starting point for this research, it was chosen Amin Kader’s case, the comedian who was mistakenly noticed as dead on June 28, 2011. From the Discourse Analysis, in a French view point with special attention to the different forms of discourses, it is pointed the slips up in meanings that occur in the discourses at internet. The first step was to make a map to localize the news referred on-line and the multiple meanings with news at the Twitter. From an analysis that uses qualitative and quantitative techniques it must be done an exercise of reflection about the web, where the roles of journalists and internet users are mixed up and become confusing and may cause mistaken when the news are related. The proposal is to create a tension zone, a space in the virtual environment, where cannot be possible distinguish what is real and what is unreal. Besides that, this project intends to discuss how the medium itself restores the “truth”, or the real version.
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Dias, Marlon Santa Maria. "A circulação de sentidos em “eu não mereço ser estuprada”: uma leitura do acontecimento midiatizado." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/13205.
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The present study investigates emergent forms of social mobilization generated on digital
environments and their eventful character. The intensification of the society mediatization
process points to the interpenetration between social fields, whose functioning is crossed by
logics of a media culture (FAUSTO NETO, 2008), besides reconfiguring the dynamic and
social practices and establishing a new ambience, that is, a new form of presence of the
subject upon the world (SODRÉ, 2002). The events in a society in mediatization process also
modify and find on digital environments new spaces for their development and their
discursive constitution. Such events have their existence linked to the digital nature of the
platforms in which they emerge. Moving from the conceptual approach that considers the
transformations of society facing the midiatization process and understanding that the events
are also modified by this context, we aim at understanding, describing and analyzing how
such mediatized events are built. For such, our empirical object is the discursive production
concerning the mobilization Eu não mereço ser estuprada (ENMSE; “I don’t deserve to be
raped”), which rises from an anti-raping protest articulated, above all, by actors on digital
social networks. Such actors, by means of distinct and singular discursive strategies, invest on
interactions aiming at making their actions visible, connecting with those who share the same
digital space and producing their own interpretations about the event. The methodology
adopted by the present research develops as a case study with mediatic-communicational
approach (BRAGA, 2008; FORD, 1998), in which we utilize online mapping techniques and
non-participatory covert observation (JOHNSON, 2010) for collecting data. To read this
material, we draw inspiration from the semiological analysis proposed by Verón (2005), Pinto
(2002) and Peruzzolo (2004). At its ending, the study allowed the identification of five factors
that cross the mediatized event by means of distinct logics: the scientific system, the mediatic
system, the actor Nana Queiroz, the networks and the social actors. Each of these spheres
produces logics that promote the discursive production that constitutes ENMSE. The case
analysis signals that it is impossible to mark a point that concentrates the authoring of the
event. The intelligibility reference of the event ceases to belong to already legitimized social
fields and starts being dynamized by technodiscursive procedurals that open to different
streams, shifting the leading role of the action from a single instance. For circulating in a
mediatized ambience, the event constitutes by means of fragments and discontinuities,
coupling logics of diverse systems, which affect and generate derivations, with meanings that
escape the traditional discursive mediatic circulation.<br>Este estudo investiga os modos emergentes de mobilização social engendrados em ambientes
digitais e o seu caráter acontecimental. A intensificação do processo de midiatização da
sociedade aponta para a interpenetração entre os campos sociais, cujo funcionamento é
atravessado por lógicas de uma cultura midiática (FAUSTO NETO, 2008), além de
reconfigurar as dinâmicas e práticas sociais e instaurar uma nova ambiência, ou seja, um novo
modo de presença do sujeito no mundo (SODRÉ, 2002). Os acontecimentos na sociedade em
vias de midiatização também se modificam e encontram nos ambientes digitais novos espaços
para o seu desenvolvimento e sua constituição discursiva. Esses acontecimentos têm sua
existência ligada à natureza digital das plataformas em que emergem. Partindo do enfoque
conceitual que considera as transformações da sociedade frente ao processo de midiatização e
entendendo que os acontecimentos também são modificados por esse contexto, objetivamos
compreender, descrever e analisar como esses acontecimentos midiatizados são construídos.
Para tanto, nosso objeto empírico é a produção discursiva acerca da mobilização Eu não
mereço ser estuprada (ENMSE), que nasce a partir de um protesto anti-estupro articulado,
sobretudo, por atores em redes sociais digitais. Esses atores, por meio de distintas e singulares
estratégias discursivas, investem em interações a fim de visibilizar suas ações, se conectar
com quem partilha desse mesmo espaço digital e produzir suas próprias interpretações acerca
do acontecimento. A metodologia desta pesquisa se desenvolve como um estudo de caso com
enfoque midiático-comunicacional (BRAGA, 2008; FORD, 1998), em que utilizamos as
técnicas de mapeamento online e observação encoberta não participativa (JOHNSON, 2010)
para a coleta de dados. Para a leitura desse material, inspiramo-nos na análise semiológica
proposta por Verón (2005), Pinto (2002) e Peruzzolo (2004). Ao final, o estudo permitiu
identificar cinco fatores que atravessam o acontecimento midiatizado por meio de distintas
lógicas: do sistema científico, do sistema midiático, do ator Nana Queiroz, das redes e dos
atores sociais. Cada um desses âmbitos produz lógicas que impulsionam a produção
discursiva que constitui o ENMSE. A análise do caso sinaliza que é impossível marcar um
ponto que concentre a autoralidade do acontecimento. A referência de inteligibilidade do
acontecimento deixa de pertencer a campos sociais já legitimados e passa a ser dinamizado
por processualidades tecnodiscursivas que se abrem a diferentes fluxos, deslocando o
protagonismo da ação de uma única instância. Por circular na ambiência midiatizada, o
acontecimento vai se constituindo por meio de fragmentos e descontinuidades, acoplando
lógicas de sistemas diversos, que se afetam e geram derivações, com sentidos que fogem às
trajetórias da circulação midiática discursiva tradicional.
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Ferrari, Ana Josefina. "Nomes proprios e descrição : um estudo da descrição e do nome proprio a partir da analise das descrições presentes nos anuncios de fuga de escravos publicados nos jornais de Campinas entre 1870 e 1876." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269162.
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Orientador: Monica Graciela Zoppi-Fontana<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T00:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: O tema da escravidão no Brasil foi vastamente tratado nas áreas de história, antropologia e direito. Na área de lingüística, os materiais que compõem os arquivos sobre a escravidão são analisados a partir de diferentes perspectivas. Na Semântica do Acontecimento isto vem ocorrendo há alguns anos. A presente tese de doutorado tem como corpus de análise documentos relativos a esse momento histórico. Analisamos aqui anúncios de fuga de escravos publicados nos jornais da cidade de Campinas entre 1870 e 1880. Partimos do pressuposto de que é através da voz do dono que se forma uma imagem pública e singular do escravo na sociedade campineira do século 19. O escravo, nesses anúncios, é falado, é descrito e, o mais importante, é constituído como sujeito singular. Neles o dono, ao reclamar o escravo como propriedade, como objeto, o diz sujeito de sua própria enunciação. Esse dizer será evidenciado no arquivo em relação ao nome próprio e a descrição. Por este motivo, nesta tese procuramos identificar os diferentes processos discursivos que, relacionados ao nome próprio e a descrição, agem no nosso corpus, delimitando, teoricamente, essas categorias de modo particular. O quadro teórico utilizado será o da Semântica do Acontecimento em diálogo com a Análise de Discurso francesa procurando construir um dispositivo de análise próprio e que possibilite a reflexão sobre os fenômenos lingüísticos encontrados<br>Abstract: The issue of slavery in Brazil was widely addressed in the fields of history, anthropology and law. In the field of Linguistics the materials that make up the files on slavery are analyzed from different perspectives. In Semantic of the Event it has occurred for a few years. This doctoral dissertation analyzes a corpus of documents related to this historical moment. Here, we analyze the escape announcements of slaves published in newspapers in the city of Campinas between 1870 and 1880. We presuppose that it is the voice of the owner that creates a unique and public image of the slave in the Campina's society of the 19th century. In these announcements, the slave is described and, more importantly, is constituted as a unique subject. They are places where the owner claims the ownership of the slave, who is seen as a property, an object, a subject of his own statement. This will be evidenced in the file in relation to the first name and description. Therefore, this dissertation aims at identifying the different processes of discourse that, related to the first name and description, act in our corpus, defining theoretically these categories in a particular fashion. The theoretical framework underlying this research is the Semantics of the Event in dialogue with the French Analysis of Discourse in an attempt to build a device of analysis which will make it possible to reflect on the linguistic phenomena found<br>Doutorado<br>Linguistica<br>Doutor em Linguística
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Dela-Silva, Silmara Cristina. "O acontecimento discursivo da televisão no Brasil : a imprensa na constituição da TV como grande midia." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271055.
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Orientador: Monica Graciela Zoppi Fontana<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T13:46:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: Este trabalho tem como foco a análise do discurso da imprensa brasileira sobre o aparecimento da televisão no Brasil, na década de 1950, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Análise de Discurso. O seu objetivo é compreender como publicações consideradas integrantes da chamada imprensa de referência à época constituem sentidos para a televisão e o início de suas transmissões, e como esse dizer da imprensa participa da constituição da imagem de grande mídia para a TV. Como ponto de partida para a composição do corpus discursivo é adotado o acontecimento histórico e jornalístico de inauguração da TV Tupi em São Paulo, em 18 de setembro de 1950. As análises centram-se, no entanto, no acontecimento discursivo da televisão no Brasil, depreendido a partir do trajeto temático do aparecimento da TV no país, que se marca na materialidade de textos jornalísticos e publicitários publicados pela imprensa brasileira entre os anos de 1948 e 1953. Para constituição do corpus, foram escolhidos a revista O Cruzeiro, publicação do grupo Diários e Emissoras Associados, responsável pela instalação das duas primeiras emissoras de televisão no país; e, em contraposição a este lugar de dizer institucional, o jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, um dos principais periódicos em circulação à época, e a revista Manchete, concorrente direto da O Cruzeiro. As análises mostram que as três publicações, embora ocupem lugares diferenciados de dizer, produzem sentidos para a televisão a partir de mesmas formações discursivas - com o recurso à memória das mídias já conhecidas; na indistinção que promovem entre as noções de público e privado; nas novas relações entre tempo e espaço que instauram; e pela constituição do público da TV como consumidor. Por meio da identificação do processo discursivo a partir do qual a TV significa em seus primeiros anos na sociedade brasileira, as análises buscam contribuir para a compreensão de como o processo de produção de sentidos para um novo objeto discursivo - a televisão - constrói discursivamente a imagem da TV como grande mídia e participa da constituição de novos modos de subjetivação na sociedade brasileira.<br>Abstract: This work focuses on analyzing the discourse of the Brazilian press about the advent of the television in Brazil in the 50s using theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Discourse Analysis. It aims at understanding how publications considered the mainstream press at that time constitutes meanings for the television and the beginning of its broadcasts, as well as how this discourse of the press takes part in constituting the image of great media for the television. The starting point of the discursive corpus is the historical and journalistic happening of the TV Tupi opening in São Paulo on September 18th, 1950. Nevertheless, the analyses focus on the discursive event of the television in Brazil from the thematic stretch of the advent of television in the country that is marked in the materiality of the journalistic and advertisement texts published in the Brazilian press between 1948 and 1953. The corpus is comprised of the magazine O Cruzeiro, a publication from the Diários e Emissoras Associados Group that was responsible for installing the first two television broadcasters in the country, and, to counterpose this place of institutional saying, the newspaper O Estado de São Paulo, one of the most important newspapers at the time, and the magazine Manchete, a direct competitor of O Cruzeiro. The analyses show that the three publications, though occupying different places, produce meanings for the television from the same discursive positions - resourcing to the memory of already known media; in making no distinction between the public and the private; in the new relations of time and space; and in the constitution of the TV audience as consumers. Through the identification of the discursive process from which the television means in its early years in the Brazilian society, the analyses aim at contributing for the understanding of how the process of meaning production for a new discursive object - the television - discursively shapes the image of television as a great media and takes part of the constitution of new ways of subjectivation in the Brazilian society.<br>Tese (doutordado) - Universida<br>Linguistica<br>Doutor em Linguística
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Mendes, Conrado Moreira. "Semiótica e mídia: uma abordagem tensiva do fait divers." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-18102013-150803/.
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Com base nas proposições da semiótica de vertente tensiva, esta tese se ocupa da análise e da teorização do fait divers, categoria jornalística que se refere a eventos de caráter fortuito. O corpus da pesquisa constitui-se primordialmente da cobertura do Caso Isabella Nardoni, compreendido sob a rubrica dessa expressão, realizada pelo Jornal Nacional nos meses de março, abril e maio de 2008. Também compõem o corpus da investigação outros relatos jornalísticos dessa natureza, tanto os que se pautam por uma curta duração quanto aqueles que repercutem na mídia por um período considerável. Em relação ao caso aludido, impôs-se a questão teórica que se refere à pouca duração que um relato noticioso de tal categoria costuma ter. Ao contrário, ele arrastou-se por meses a fio no primeiro semestre de 2008, mantendo, não obstante, uma elevada carga tímica. Dessa forma, procurouse buscar nos mecanismos do discurso as estratégias usadas pelo enunciador Jornal Nacional para extensivizar a intensidade do Caso Isabella Nardoni, o qual se baseia numa estrutura acontecimental e que, por definição, deveria ser muito intenso, mas pouco extenso. Para tanto, a pesquisa se valeu dos seguintes eixos analíticos: concessão e fidúcia, duração e intensidade, a paixão coletiva da comoção e, por fim, relações intertextuais e interdiscursivas que o texto em análise permite estabelecer com outros textos/discursos. Os referidos eixos cumpriram cada qual a tarefa de responder parcialmente o porquê de, a despeito do transcurso da temporalidade, a intensidade em torno do caso enfocado ter sido duradoura. A partir deles, pôde-se depreender um enunciatário em cujo campo de presença a tonicidade se projeta sobre a temporalidade, criando um efeito de persistência. Tal enunciatário é ainda marcado por uma espera tensa, que quer atenuar o impacto do acontecimento, ao mesmo tempo em que ele reverbera ou irrompem novos microacontecimentos. Verificou-se também a presença de um enunciatário comovido, cujo estado emocional funciona à maneira de uma amálgama, fazendo dele parte de um todo coletivo, social. Esse mesmo enunciatário mostra-se modalizado por um querer-saber, cuja expectativa é também sobre determinada por outros textos e discursos com os quais o caso em questão estabelece relações intertextuais e interdiscursivas. É, em suma, um enunciatário que se configura na tensão e na complexidade dos eixos da intensidade e da extensidade, o que explica a duração extensa do Caso Isabella Nardoni. Quanto à leitura semiótica dos demais faits divers, puderam ser observadas as seguintes (in)variantes: todos se ancoram numa base concessiva, todos são perpassados por uma lógica passional, patêmica. Entretanto, nem todos se pautam por um longo período de repercussão. Pelas recorrências observadas no corpus, balizadas pelas esquizias tensivas primordiais intensidade e extensidade, foram depreendidas as categorias duração (do menos durativo ao mais durativo) e memória (do menos memorável ao mais memorável), além do elemento constitutivo paixões. A partir disso, pôde-se fundamentar uma abordagem tensiva do fait divers. Finalmente, a análise de um relato noticioso durativo, raro, que, por meio da estratégia discursiva que extensiviza o intenso, demonstrou de que maneira pode ser possível uma articulação dos regimes discursivos do acontecimento e do exercício a partir de um ponto de vista tensivo e, portanto, complexo<br>Based on the propositions of tensive semiotics, this thesis is concerned with analysing and theorizing the fait divers, a journalistic category that refers to fortuitous events. The corpus of the research primarily consists of the cover of the so-called Isabella Nardoni Case conducted by Brazilian television news program Jornal Nacional in March, April and May 2008. Other journalistic reports of the same nature also comprise the corpus of research, both those outlined in a short duration and those that impact on the media for a considerable period. Regarding the mentioned case, a theoretical question prevailed that refers to little if any lasting that a news report in this category usually has. Instead, it dragged on for months in the first half of 2008, whilst retaining a large thymic load. Thus, we tried to search in discourse mechanisms the strategies used by the enunciator Jornal Nacional to extensiveing the intensity of Isabella Nardoni Case, which is anchored in an event structure and, by definition, should be very intense but little extensive. Therefore, the research employed the following analytical axes: concession and confidence, duration and intensity, the collective passion of the commotion and, finally, intertextual and interdiscursive relations with other texts/discourses that the text under analysis allows to establish. These analytical axes fulfilled the task of partially answer why, despite the passing of temporality, the intensity surrounding the focused case was lasting. From them, we could deduce an enunciatee in whose presence field tonicity is projected on temporality, creating an effect of persistence. This enunciatee is also marked by a tense wait, who wants to soften the impact of the event, while it reverberates or triggers new micro-events. The presence of an affected enunciatee was also observed, whose emotional state works in the manner of an amalgam, making him a part of a collective, social whole. The same enunciatee proved modalized by a want-to-know whose expectation was also overdetermined by other texts and discourses with which the case in question established intertextual and interdiscursive relations. He is, in short, an enunciatee that is configured in the tension and complexity of the axes of intensity and extent which explains the considerable duration of Isabella Nardoni Case. As for the semiotic reading of other faits divers, we could observe the following (in) variants: all of them are stand on a concessive basis, all pervaded by a passionate logic. However, not all are marked by a considerable duration. Through the recurrences observed in the corpus, marked out by a sine qua non relationship between intensity and extent, we inferred the categories duration (from least to most durative) and memory (from least to most memorable), and also the constitutive element passions. From this we could substantiate a tensive approach to fait divers. Finally, the analysis of a durative, rare, news report which through the discursive strategy extensivize the intensity demonstrated how an articulation of discursive regimes of the event and exercise from a tensive and therefore complex point of view may be possible.
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Nugara, Silvia. "L’émergence de violence domestique comme rubrique du discours institutionnel : le cas du Conseil de l’Europe." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030038/document.
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Notre thèse a pour thème l'émergence de l`objet social « violence domestique » et sa nomination dans le discours du Conseil de l`Europe en français. L'analyse est menée sur un corpus de textes officiels et préparatoires rédigés entre 1985, date de la première recommandation sur la violence au sein de la famille, et 2008, année d'achèvement de la Campagne pour combattre la violence à l`égard des femmes, y compris la violence domestique. La nomination est appréhendée comme une pratique à la fois reflétant la réalité sociale et contribuant à la construire. La valeur sociale et institutionnelle de violence domestique est analysée à partir d`une comparaison avec l`usage et la distribution des fréquences d`autres désignations très fréquentes en corpus [violence au sein de la famille et violence conjugale]. Désignations et définitions construisent discursivement la « violence domestique » en tenant compte des contraintes d`une organisation universaliste, dont l'objectif est de diffuser le respect des droits humains aussi bien dans la sphère publique que dans la sphère privée en dépassant les particularismes culturels ou géographiques de ses États membres. Le discours du Conseil de l`Europe est aussi traversé par la mémoire du discours militant féministe qui a permis de dévoiler la violence privée comme étant un des effets de la domination masculine sur les femmes. Au carrefour entre sémantique lexicale et analyse du discours, l`émergence de violence domestique en 1998 et sa diffusion comme dénomination officielle entre 2002 et 2008 sont observées comme relevant de son caractère vague et inclusif mais aussi des effets d`interférence de l`anglais sur le français dans le cadre du discours des institutions internationales<br>Our thesis deals with the emergence and the naming of the social object domestic violence within the discourse of the Council of Europe. The analysis is carried out on a corpus of French versions of official and preparatory documents ranging from 1985's first recommendation on family violence to the end of 2006-2008's Campaign to Combat Violence Against Women, Including Domestic Violence. Naming is apprehended as an activity of both reflection and construction of social reality. The social and institutional value of names is analyzed on the basis of a comparison between the uses and the distribution of frequencies of violence domestique and of other most frequent items such as violence au sein de la famille and violence conjugale.Names and definitions discursively construct domestic violenceŗ according to the role and the constraints of a universalistic international organization whose aim is to institute an area of respect of human rights both in the public and in the private sphere by going beyond the cultural and geographic specificities of each of its member states. The discourse of the Council of Europe is also influenced by the discursive memory of feminist discourses which first unveiled private violence as a consequence of masculine dominance over women.By intersecting lexical semantics and discourse analysis, the emergence of violence domestique in 1998 and its spreading as an official denomination between 2002 and 2008 are observed as a result of semantic features such as its vagueness and inclusiveness but also as an effect of linguistic interference of English over French which often occurs in the discourse of international organizations
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Bernard, Timothée. "Approches formelles de l'analyse du discours : relations discursives et verbes d'attitude propositionnelle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC034.
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Cette thèse s’intéresse aux formalismes qui permettent de représenter mathématiquement non seulement le sens de phrases indépendantes mais aussi de textes entiers, en incluant les liens de sens que les différentes phrases qui les composent entretiennent les unes avec les autres. Ces liens de sens — les relations discursives — sont divers ; nous trouvons notamment des relations temporelles, causales et contrastives. Nous ne nous posons pas seulement la question du sens et de sa représentation, mais aussi celle de la détermination algorithmique de cette représentation à partir des séquences de mots qui composent les énoncés. Nous nous situons donc à l’interface de trois traditions : l’analyse discursive, la sémantique formelle et la linguistique computationnelle.La plupart de travaux formels portant sur le discours ne prêtent que peu d’attention aux verbes de dire (affirmer, dire, etc.) et d’attitude propositionnelle (penser, croire, etc.). Tous ces verbes, que nous regroupons sous l’abréviation « VAP », ont en commun d’exprimer l’attitude ou la position d’une personne sur une proposition donnée. Ils sont utilisés fréquemment et introduisent de nombreuses subtilités échappant de fait aux théories actuelles. Cette thèse a pour objectif principal de mettre à jour les principes d’une grammaire formelle compatible avec l’analyse du discours et prenant en compte les VAP. Nous commençons donc par présenter de nombreuses données linguistiques illustrant les interactions entre VAP et relations discursives.Il est souvent considéré que les connecteurs adverbiaux (ensuite, par exemple, etc.) sont anaphoriques. Cependant, nous pouvons nous demander si, en pratique, un système de linguistique computationnelle ne peut pas gérer cette catégorie particulière d’anaphore comme s’il s’agissait d’un type de dépendance structurelle, étendant d’une certaine manière la syntaxe au-delà de la phrase. C’est ce que nous nous proposons de faire à l’aide du formalisme D-STAG. Une telle approche, bien qu’ayant un certain nombre de propriétés intéressantes dans le cadre de l’analyse automatique du discours, fait peser un poids important sur la syntaxe, et nous discutons alors les difficultés qu’elle soulève.Cela nous amène à développer une approche anaphorique, c’est-à-dire dans laquelle les arguments des relations discursives ne sont plus déterminés uniquement par la structure grammaticale des énoncés. Ce sont les mêmes outils conceptuels que nous utilisons pour rendre compte de l’anaphoricité des connecteurs adverbiaux, des structures discursives non-arborées (observées avec tout type de connecteurs), mais aussi de l’usage évidentiel des VAP.Cependant, si nous employons la notion d’anaphore, nous voulons l’intégrer explicitement dans le formalisme grammatical, en spécifiant quand sont exécutées les résolutions d’anaphore et avec quelles informations en entrée. Cela est possible avec la sémantique par continuation, que nous utilisons en combinaison à la sémantique événementielle. Les événements sont souvent invoqués pour exprimer la sémantique des relations notamment causales ou temporelles, mais posent aussi un certain nombre de questions, liées aux schémas logiques d’inférence qu’autorisent les énoncés linguistiques ainsi qu’à la présence de la négation pour exprimer les arguments des relations discursives. Nous avançons plusieurs pistes pour y répondre et étudions plus en détail le cas de la négation.Nous revenons ainsi sur les difficultés que pose la négation linguistique pour une analyse sémantique événementielle, qui concernent autant l’interface syntaxe-sémantique que le niveau purement sémantique. Nous montrons que ces difficultés ont pour origine l’analyse standard de la négation, qui traite phrases positives et phrases négatives de manière fondamentalement différente. Rejetant cette vue, nous présentons une formalisation nouvelle de la notion d’événement négatif, adaptée à l’analyse de divers phénomènes linguistiques<br>This thesis focuses on the formalisms that make it possible to mathematically represent not only the meaning of independent sentences, but also whole texts, including the meaning relations that link sentences together. These links — the discourse relations — include temporal, causal and contrastive relations. Not only are we interested in meaning and its representation, but also on the algorithmic process of how this representation is computed using the sequence of words that constitute the text. We thus find ourselves at a point where three disciplines intersect: discourse analysis, formal semantics and computational linguistics.Most formal work on discourse pay little attention to reporting verbs (say, tell, etc.) and attitude verbs (think, believe, etc.). These verbs, henceforth ‘AVs’, all express the attitude or stance of one person on a given proposition. They are used frequently and introduce many subtleties that are not addressed in current theories. The main objective of this thesis is to shed light on the principles of a formal grammar that is compatible with discourse analysis that takes AVs into account. We therefore start by presenting a set of linguistic data illustrating the interactions between AVs and discourse relations.Adverbial connectives (then, for example, etc.) are usually considered anaphoric. One might wonder, however, whether, in practice, a computational linguistic system cannot deal with this particular category of anaphora as a kind of structural dependency, meaning that syntax is somehow extended above the sentence level. This is what we try to achieve using the D-STAG formalism. While it has properties that are relevant for automatic discourse analysis, such an approach imposes quite the burden on syntax. We therefore discuss the difficulties that this approach poses.Consequently, we develop an anaphor based approach, in which the arguments of discourse relations are not determined solely by the grammatical structures of the utterances. We use the same conceptual tools to account for the anaphoricity of adverbial connectives, the shape of non-tree discourse structures (observed for all type of connectives) but also the evidential use of AVs.If, however, we look at the notion of anaphora, our aim is to have it explicitly integrated into grammatical formalism. In particular, we set out to specify when anaphora resolution is performed and on which input. This is made possible by continuation semantics, which we use in conjunction with event semantics. Events have often been appealed to in order to describe the semantics of causal and temporal relations. Nevertheless, events raise a number of questions related to the possibility of some inference patterns that are observed, in addition to the presence of negation in the arguments of discourse relations. We suggest a number of potential answers and study the case of negation in more detail.We therefore review the issues facing event semantics when dealing with negation. Such issues concern both the syntax-semantics interface and the purely semantics level. We argue that these difficulties originate from the standard analysis of negation, which interprets positive and negative sentences is an essentially different fashion. Rejecting this view, we propose a novel formalisation of negative events that is relevant to the analysis of various linguistic phenomena
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Ahmed, Kamel Fatma. "Printemps arabe(s) dans la presse écrite. Étude de la mise en mots et en discours d’un événement historique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0099.
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La thèse propose d’étudier l’émergence et la circulation du syntagme printemps arabe(s) comme dénomination événementielle dans la presse écrite. Elle a pour objectif principal d’examiner le processus de dénomination et de qualification des événements historiques dans et par les médias représentés ici par la presse écrite, en retraçant le parcours d’un syntagme-clé de l’Histoire immédiate. L’étude s’inscrit dans le domaine de l’analyse linguistique des discours médiatiques. Elle fait appel à plusieurs champs théoriques croisant sciences du langage et sciences de l’information et de la communication. La démarche relève de l’analyse du discours comme domaine de recherche - sur la langue, le discours et le sens - ancré dans les sciences du langage, où le traitement automatique se présente comme un outil d’investigation. Le corpus d’étude est formé d’un ensemble de textes de la presse écrite internationale d’expression française, arabe et dans une moindre mesure anglaise. Au-delà de cette étude de cas, l’étude sert d’exemple d’analyse lexico-discursive de la nomination des événements dans la presse écrite, comme de l’émergence et de la circulation d’un syntagme dénominatif lié à un moment historique et dont l’impact dépasse les frontières du monde arabe<br>The thesis proposes to study the emergence and the circulation of Arab Spring phrase as event denomination in the press. Its main objective is to examine the process of naming and qualifying historical events in the media represented here by the written press. Going back over the course of a key phrase in the immediate history is the central object of the study.The research is a case of media discourse analysis. It uses several theoretical fields crossing language sciences and communication sciences. The approach is based on the analysis of discourse as a field of research - on language, discourse and meaning - rooted in the language sciences, where automatic processing presents a tool for study. The corpus of study is composed of the texts of the international written press.Beyond this specific case, the study serves as an example of lexical and discursive analysis of naming events in the written press, as well as the emergence and circulation of a denominational phrase associated with a historical moment
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Zaidan, Geralda Maria de Carvalho. "Quando o relógio para = tempo, lembrança e memória no discurso do sujeito idoso asilado." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271079.
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Orientador: Mônica Graciela Zoppi Fontana<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T22:10:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: Esta pesquisa aborda os sentidos sociais do envelhecimento e sua repercussão no Lar dos Velhinhos de Campinas. Retomando os documentos do asilo desde 1889 com o 1º Estatuto do Asylo de Campinas, as publicações no jornal O Diário de Campinas, o Estatuto do Lar dos Velhinhos de Campinas e o folder sobre o asilo, são analisados processos de legitimação, dissimulação e naturalização de sentidos para o sujeito idoso no discurso social e em instituições. A relação tempo-espaço assume papel importante na configuração dos sujeitos inseridos no asilo. O tempo presente e sem expectativas; o passado, rememoração; o futuro, ausência de expectativas. No contexto asilar, o tempo cronológico deixa de sê-lo, expondo-se a historicidade dos sentidos. A forma de referir e designar mostra a produção de sentidos diferentes para o mesmo referente, seja a instituição ou seus integrantes; a multiplicidade dos sentidos sócio-históricos contrasta com a homogeneidade designada. Se de um lado temos a sociedade burguesa produzindo as normas e construindo seus espaços urbanos de identificação, de outro, o oprimido busca sua sobrevivência submetido as normas e designações. No passado, entendia-se que o "cidadão carente", entre os quais se incluía o idoso, devia receber auxilio e assistência, ao passo que o grupo dominante avaliava sua possibilidade de pertencimento. No momento histórico atual, passa a ser preocupação integrar as diversas gerações, procurando diminuir os preconceitos com relação a idade cronológica e a vida de aposentado. Substitui-se a conotação negativa do envelhecer por uma valorização do estar ativo. Estigmatiza-se a velhice dos que passaram a ser os verdadeiros velhos - os inativos e os dependentes -, como um problema social e, assim, o sujeito asilado ganha notoriedade<br>Abstract: This thesis deals with the social senses of aging and their repercussion in the rest home Lar dos Velhinhos de Campinas, located in the city of Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Studying documents like the 1st Estatuto do Asylo de Campinas, texts from the newspaper O Diario de Campinas, the Estatuto do Lar dos Velhinhos de Campinas and the folder presenting the rest home, we analyze processes of legitimation, dissimulation and naturalization of the senses of the aged subject in the social discourse. The relation timespace assumes an important role to the subjects living in the rest home. The present time has no expectations; the past is remembering and the future, lack of expectations. In the context of the rest home, the chronological time is affected by the historicity of senses. The ways to refer e to designate show the production of different senses to the same referent, which is the institution and its members; a multiplicity of social historical senses contrasts with the designated homogeneity. If, on the one hand, we have a bourgeois society producing the norms and constructing its urban spaces of identification, on the other hand the oppressed try to survive the norms and designations. In the past, it was understood that "the needy", which included the aged, should receive help and assistance, and the dominant class decided those who could enjoy citizenship. In the present historical moment, it is defended that the generations must be integrated and the prejudice in relation to the chronological age and the retired, banned. The negative senses of aging are changed to a valorization of activity. Now, the inactive and dependent aged are stigmatized as "the true aged", a social problem that gives notoriety to the aged subject living in the rest home<br>Doutorado<br>Linguistica<br>Doutor em Linguística
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Heck, Marcelo Arioli. "Espaço público e as manifestações urbanas : o caso de Porto Alegre : cartografia e discursos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/130691.
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O trabalho trata da relação entre o espaço público e as manifestações urbanas analisadas a partir dos protestos ocorridos na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, entre 2010 e 2014. A fim de construir teoricamente o problema de pesquisa, realiza-se uma discussão conceitual com foco em espaço e espaço público. Faz-se uma explanação sobre o conceito de evento para chegar ao estado da arte quanto ao tema das manifestações no Brasil a partir de autores contemporâneos. A relação política dos discursos e da cartografia é inserida nas definições teóricas, fundamentando conceitualmente a análise de discurso, técnica de pesquisa utilizada no método. Com esta abordagem foi possível estabelecer a relação entre as manifestações urbanas e a noção de espaço público através do conceito de direito à cidade. O objetivo geral é investigar a concepção dos espaços públicos sustentada pelos discursos dos atores das manifestações urbanas. Para tal são pesquisados os atores e suas agendas, a apropriação dos espaços públicos pelos manifestantes, a disputa espacial e política através dos discursos e das cartografias de percursos e espaços das manifestações. Para realizar a análise foram selecionados cinco movimentos da cidade: Massa Crítica, Vaga Viva, Largo Vivo, Defesa Pública da Alegria e os protestos organizados pelo Bloco de Luta pelo Transporte Público, definidos teoricamente como novos movimentos sociais. A partir da análise de discurso dos manifestantes e de dois jornais (Zero Hora e Sul21), discorre-se sobre a construção de significados e signos de espaço público, a constituição de atores e a relação entre os eventos tanto intra quanto interdiscursivamente. A análise de discurso verifica a constituição de poder desde a relação social contextualizada, de modo que o pesquisador é o intérprete, contribuindo para a construção de uma articulação entre linguagem e sociedade. Espacialmente são construídas cartografias dos discursos, proporcionando uma análise da ocupação de espaço de cada movimento para verificar a relação destes com os conceitos utilizados. Nas considerações finais apresenta-se a construção da rede de organizações entre os distintos eventos analisados, estruturada pela semelhança entre seus atores, tanto conceitualmente, a partir de disputas por políticas públicas, quanto no campo das disputas discursivas, momento em que distintas definições sobre atores, objetivos e espaços são realizadas. A teoria exposta ensaia estas relações de poder associadas a práticas urbanas, confirmadas nas considerações finais tanto no cerne de cada movimento social quanto de modo integrado à rede de acontecimentos configurando-se em um evento único.<br>This paper is about the relation between the public space and the urban manifestations analyzed from the protests occurred in Porto Alegre, RS, between 2010 and 2014. In order to build the subject problem, a conceptual discussion is conducted, which is focused on the space and the public space. An explanation is made about the event concept to reach the art of state of the theme about the manifestations in Brazil through the perspective of contemporary authors. The politics relation of the speeches and the cartography are inserted in theoretical definitions, being a conceptual base of the speech analyses, research technique used in the method. Within this approach, it was possible to establish the relationship between the urban manifestations and the notion of public space, through the concept of entitlement to the city. The general objective is to investigate the public spaces conception supported by the speeches of the actors in the urban manifestations. To accomplish this, the actors and their agendas are researched, the appropriation of the public spaces by the protesters, the territorial and political dispute trough the speeches and the cartography of the routes and manifestations spaces. To perform the review, five city movements were elected: Massa Crítica, Vaga Viva, Largo Vivo, Defesa Pública da Alegria and the protests organized by Bloco de Luta pelo Transporte Público, defined theoretically as the new social movements. From the analysis of the protesters’ speech and two selected newspapers (Zero Hora and Sul21), there is a discussion about the build of meanings and signs of the public space, the constitution of actors and the relationship between the events both through an intra and inter-discourse way. The review of the speech verifies the power constitution from the social relation contextualized, in a way in which the researcher is the analysis agent, contributing to the built of an articulation between language and society. Spatially, cartographies of the speeches are built to provide an analysis of the space occupation of the each movement, in order to verify the relation of these with the concepts that were used. In the final considerations, the built of the network of the organizations are presented among the different events analyzed in the field of discursive disputes. The exposed theory attempts to the relations of power associated to urban practices both in the inner center of each social movement and the integrated mode of events chain, resulting in a single event.
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Demade, Maxime. "Analyse sociale de cycles de vie : les cycles de vie des représentations paysagères de l'éolien." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30047/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’utilisation croissante du vocable de la transition dans le débat public contribue à l’émergence de nouvelles méthodes de recherche dont les géographes commencent à se saisir. La transition invite à réfléchir dans un cadre d’action nouveau. Appliquée au domaine des énergies, elle rencontre le géographe dans ses interprétations des dynamiques spatiales. Ce cadre spatio-temporel inédit, où sont introduites les notions de territorialisation de l’énergie et de réversibilité, constitue une opportunité pour le géographe de penser ces enjeux nouveaux selon des approches du couple espace-temps réinterprétées. Dans ce contexte, la thèse vise à comprendre et à analyser les mécanismes socio-spatiaux mis à l’épreuve par le développement des énergies renouvelables, et plus particulièrement des éoliennes. La spécificité de la démarche réside dans une traduction géographique de l’Analyse de Cycle de Vie. Pour ce faire, la thèse réinvestit le concept de paysage dans son interprétation dynamique. Cependant, l’analyse de cycle de vie nous invite à repenser la dynamique paysagère selon la notion d’événement. La thèse interroge l’arrivée d’un projet éolien comme un événement et s’intéresse à ses modes de surgissement, les déstabilisations socio-spatiales induites et les mécanismes de régulation entrepris par les individus. L’objectif de la recherche est d’expérimenter la conduite d’une Analyse sociale de Cycle de Vie des représentations paysagères de l’éolien. L’ambition se voit confrontée à une contrainte majeure, celle du temps. Le temps imparti de la thèse rencontre les temps politiques et les temps de l’expérience. Événements construits ou événement subis, ils impactent différemment les représentations socio-spatiales selon des échelles de temps variables. L’intention d’une recherche diachronique nous enjoint à réfléchir aux enjeux épistémologiques et méthodologiques stimulants de l’élaboration d‘un corpus particulier où peuvent être analysées conjointement des données de natures et de sources diverses. L’analyse est menée sur les discours et particulièrement sur les références spatiales et les sensibilités des individus face à l’arrivée d’éoliennes sur un territoire. La thèse retrace les étapes des cycles de vie de l’événement-éolien traduites et interprétées selon les contextes de terrains<br>The increasing use of the transition terms in the public debate contributes to the emergence of new research methods whom geographers begin to apprehend. Transition invites to consider a new action framework. In the matter of energy domain, the transition concept involves geographers in their socio-spatial interpretations. This new spatiotemporal frame, where are introduced the notions of territorialisation of the energy and the reversibility, provides an opportunity to consider these issues from a reinterpretation of the space-time couple. In this context, the thesis aims in understanding and analyzing of socio-spatial mechanisms tested by the renewable energies development, especially wind turbines. The specificity of this approach may be a geographical rendition of the Life Cycle Assessment method. For this purpose, the thesis requires the concept of landscape in its dynamic meaning. However, the life cycle assessment invites us to reshape the idea of landscape dynamics according to the notion of event. The thesis explores the arrival of a wind turbines project as an event and it focus on its sudden emergence, the induced socio-spatial destabilizations and the individual and social adaptations. The purpose of this research is to investigate a Social Life Cycle Assessment of the landscape representations of the wind energy. This ambition faces a time constraint. The allowed time of a PhD thesis faces political times and the times of the experience. Created events or suffered events impact the socio-spatial representations differently and over various timescales. Considering a diachronic study brings about rethinking the epistemological and methodological issues raised by a corpus which gathers several types of data, from different sources and which would be analyzed together. The analysis is led on discourses and especially on spatial textual references along with the individual sensibilities revealed when a wind turbines project is initiated on territory. The thesis tracks the life cycle steps of windpower-events that we interpret according to the socio-spatial context of the study terrains
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Camani, Emanuele Bitencourt Neves. "PELEIA LUSO-CASTELHANA E OS EFEITOS DE SENTIDOS EM O LINGUAJAR DO GAÚCHO BRASILEIRO DE DANTE DE LAYTANO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9874.
Full textAbstract:
This paper results from a research study on the organization of historiographic
discourse regarding ethnic and socio-historical formation of the southern inhabitants
of the south of Brazil, identified as brazilian gaucho, reflecting on his language or
manner of speech that combines elements of Portuguese and Spanish. Having as
the corpus of research the work of Dante Laytano, entitled O Linguajar do Gaúcho
Brasileiro, published in 1981, the research wanted to identify the treatment given by
this author to the two areas of study: language and historiography which established
his point of view about representation of the source of the gaucho language, from the
sources consulted and referenced in the work above. To achieve the proposed
objective and answer the questions that guiding the research, we sought, in the
concepts of the Event Semantics and Discourse Analysis (AD) the basement that
made possible to analyze and reflect on how the elements of language operated in
historiography texts on the language feature of the brazilian gaucho which is called
linguajar by the author above. With the light of the AD, becomes evident in this work
a discourse about this linguajar, that is in circulation and still redefines the social
history of the gaucho and producing effects of meaning, when establish a linguajar
for him. The Event Semantics allowed the analysis of the relationship between the
question of designation and interdiscourse of enunciatively sequences (SEs)
identified, in this work, that rewriting the linguajar of the brazilian gaucho, and also
seeks to highlight their regularities and/or conflicts. The study shows that: a) O
Linguajar do Gaúcho Brasileiro (1981) seeks to reference the lusitanian matrix of the
gaucho language, in other words, to reaffirm their identity, which is brazilian, b) in
this work, the author shows that discursive memory is signified by the memorable
discourse of portuguese language, establishing relations of conflict with the spanish
language (espanholismos), silencing the meanings attributed to the regional and
local, in search of the unity of the portuguese language, but in this case, can be
considered as a brazilian language, constitutive of the identity of the gaucho and his
linguajar. Due to the importance of language for communication, identity, integration
and unity of the citizens of the same country or between countries, as the case of the
brazilian gaucho, it is understood that this research could lead to further study to this
designation, as that, on the one hand, this approach extends the analysis possibilities
of the name and sources as historiographical resources from the perspective of the
Event Semantics; on the other hand, studies on interdiscourse issues, from the
semantic functioning.<br>Esta dissertação resulta de um estudo investigativo sobre a organização do
discurso historiográfico referente à formação étnica e sociohistórica do habitante do sul do
Brasil, identificado como gaúcho brasileiro, refletido em sua linguagem ou modo de falar,
que reúne elementos da língua portuguesa e espanhola. Tendo como corpus a obra de
Dante de Laytano, intitulada O Linguajar do Gaúcho Brasileiro, editada em 1981, a pesquisa
buscou nela identificar o tratamento dado pelo autor aos dois domínios de estudo: língua e
historiografia sobre os quais estabeleceu seu ponto de vista acerca da representação da
origem da língua do gaúcho, a partir das fontes por ele consultadas e referenciadas na obra
supra. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto e obter respostas as questões norteadoras da
pesquisa, buscou-se nos conceitos da Semântica do Acontecimento e da Análise de
Discurso (AD) o embasamento que possibilitou a análise e a reflexão de como os elementos
da língua operaram nos textos de historiografia sobre a linguagem característica do gaúcho
brasileiro a qual é denominada de linguajar pelo autor acima. A luz da AD, fica evidenciado
na obra em questão um discurso sobre este linguajar, discurso este que está em circulação
e continua ressignificando a história social do gaúcho e produzindo efeitos de sentido, ao
instaurar um linguajar para ele. A Semântica do Acontecimento possibilitou a análise da
relação entre a questão da designação e o interdiscurso da sequências enunciativas (SEs)
identificadas, na obra em estudo, que reescrituram o denominado linguajar do gaúcho
brasileiro, além de buscar também destacar suas regularidades e/ou conflitos. O estudo
realizado permite concluir que: a) a obra O Linguajar do Gaúcho Brasileiro (1981) procura
referenciar a matriz lusa da linguagem do gaúcho, ou seja, reafirmar a sua identidade, que é
brasileira; b) nessa obra, o autor evidencia que a memória discursiva é significada pelo
memorável da língua portuguesa, estabelecendo relações de conflito com a língua
espanhola (espanholismos), silenciando os sentidos atribuídos ao regional e ao local, em
busca da unidade da língua portuguesa, mas neste caso, podendo ser considerada como
língua brasileira, constitutiva da identidade do gaúcho e do seu linguajar. Devido à
importância da língua para a comunicação, a identidade, a integração e a unidade dos
cidadãos de um mesmo país ou entre países, tal como é o caso do gaúcho brasileiro,
entende-se que esta pesquisa poderá suscitar novos estudos para a designação, já que, de
um lado esta abordagem amplia as possibilidades de análise do nome e das fontes estas
enquanto recursos historiográficos sob a perspectiva da Semântica do Acontecimento; de
outro lado, estudos sobre as questões de interdiscurso, a partir do funcionamento
semântico.
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Washington, Corey Glenn. "Discourse interpretation and the temporality of states and events." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105011.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1987.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES.<br>Bibliography: leaves 196-197.<br>by Corey Glenn Washington.<br>M.S.
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Ribeiro, Michele Pordeus. "« Droite » et « gauche » dans les discours d’un événement électoral. Une étude sémantique et contrastive des presses brésilienne et française : les élections présidentielles de 2002 au Brésil et de 2007 en France." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA024.
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Ce travail a pour objectif d’étudier les liens entre événement, discours et culture à partir de l’analyse de discours de presse rassemblés autour de deux moments discursifs : l’élection présidentielle de 2002 au Brésil, dans O Estado de S. Paulo, et l’élection présidentielle de 2007 en France, dans Le Monde. On s’interroge à la fois sur le rôle du discours et sur celui de la culture dans la configuration d’un événement électoral par les médias. Les élections ont été abordées sous l’angle de la conflictualité et à partir d’une analyse lexico-sémantique des mots du clivage, « droite », « gauche », « direita » et « esquerda », censés renvoyer au conflit politique. L’étude se déploie en deux parties : la première partie est consacrée à l’histoire des mots du clivage et à l’étude des représentations qui y sont associées dans les dictionnaires ; la seconde partie porte sur le fonctionnement des mots en cotexte, dans les corpus de presse : on s’appuie sur l’idée que l’environnement lexico-syntaxique donne à voir les rapports entre le sujet et le monde et qu’il est déterminant dans la constitution du sens. Les mots du clivage sont ainsi étudiés dans des structures syntaxiques précises (dans des constructions locatives, agentives et qualifiantes), ce qui permet de mettre en évidence différents points de vue sur les mots. L’analyse met enfin au jour des régularités et des divergences dans l’emploi des mots selon les journaux, ce qui témoigne d’un partage transculturel de pratiques et de représentations, mais aussi de la présence de spécificités « culturelles »<br>This thesis aims to study the relations among event, discourse and culture through the analysis of selected press discourses from two discursive moments: the 2002 presidential election in Brazil, in O Estado de S. Paulo, and the presidential election of 2007 in France, in Le Monde. The research investigates the role of the discourse, as well as the culture in the construction of an electoral event in the media. From the conflictual character of the presidential elections, we propose a lexical-semantic analysis of the opposition’s words, “droite”, “gauche”, “direita” and “esquerda”, which refer to the political conflict. The analysis is divided into two main parts: first, these words are studied by a historical bias and through the representations present in dictionaries; in the second part, it proceeds to an analysis of its lexical-syntactic environment: we defend the thesis that the co-text reflects the relation between the subject and the world, which is crucial to the construction of the meaning. The opposition’s words are analyzed by the complex syntactic structures (in locative, agentive and qualifying constructions), which enables to see different points of view about them. The analysis finally reveals regularities and differences between the newspapers, which leads us to consider the presence not only of practices and transnational representations, as well as “cultural” specificities<br>Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar as relações entre acontecimento, discurso e cultura por intermédio da análise de discursos de imprensa selecionados a partir de dois momentos discursivos: a eleição presidencial de 2002 no Brasil, em O Estado de S. Paulo, e a eleição presidencial de 2007 na França, em Le Monde. A pesquisa investiga o papel do discurso, bem como o da cultura na construção de um acontecimento eleitoral pela mídia. Partindo do caráter conflituoso das eleições presidenciais, propomos uma análise léxico-semântica das palavras da oposição, “direita”, “esquerda”, “droite” e “gauche”, que fazem referência ao conflito político. A análise divide-se em duas partes principais: na primeira, essas palavras são estudadas por um viés histórico e através das representações presentes nos dicionários; na segunda parte, procede-se a uma análise do seu ambiente léxico-sintático: defendemos a tese de que o cotexto reflete as relações entre o sujeito e o mundo, sendo ele determinante para a construção do sentido. As palavras da oposição são analisadas por meio de estruturas sintáticas complexas (em construções locativas, agentivas e qualificantes), o que permite evidenciar pontos de vista diferentes em relação a elas. A análise revela enfim regularidades e divergências entre os jornais, o que nos leva a considerar a presença, não só de práticas e de representações transnacionais, como também de especificidades “culturais”
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Hörberg, Thomas. "Probabilistic and Prominence-driven Incremental Argument Interpretation in Swedish." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-129763.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates how grammatical functions in transitive sentences (i.e., `subject' and `direct object') are distributed in written Swedish discourse with respect to morphosyntactic as well as semantic and referential (i.e., prominence-based) information. It also investigates how assignment of grammatical functions during on-line comprehension of transitive sentences in Swedish is influenced by interactions between morphosyntactic and prominence-based information. In the dissertation, grammatical functions are assumed to express role-semantic (e.g., Actor and Undergoer) and discourse-pragmatic (e.g., Topic and Focus) functions of NP arguments. Grammatical functions correlate with prominence-based information that is associated with these functions (e.g., animacy and definiteness). Because of these correlations, both prominence-based and morphosyntactic information are assumed to serve as argument interpretation cues during on-line comprehension. These cues are utilized in a probabilistic fashion. The weightings, interplay and availability of them are reflected in their distribution in language use, as shown in corpus data. The dissertation investigates these assumptions by using various methods in a triangulating fashion. The first contribution of the dissertation is an ERP (event-related brain potentials) experiment that investigates the ERP response to grammatical function reanalysis, i.e., a revision of a tentative grammatical function assignment, during on-line comprehension of transitive sentences. Grammatical function reanalysis engenders a response that correlates with the (re-)assignment of thematic roles to the NP arguments. This suggests that the comprehension of grammatical functions involves assigning role-semantic functions to the NPs. The second contribution is a corpus study that investigates the distribution of prominence-based, verb-semantic and morphosyntactic features in transitive sentences in written discourse. The study finds that overt morphosyntactic information about grammatical functions is used more frequently when the grammatical functions cannot be determined on the basis of word order or animacy. This suggests that writers are inclined to accommodate the understanding of their recipients by more often providing formal markers of grammatical functions in potentially ambiguous sentences. The study also finds that prominence features and their interactions with verb-semantic features are systematically distributed across grammatical functions and therefore can predict these functions with a high degree of confidence. The third contribution consists of three computational models of incremental grammatical function assignment. These models are based upon the distribution of argument interpretation cues in written discourse. They predict processing difficulties during grammatical function assignment in terms of on-line change in the expectation of different grammatical function assignments over the presentation of sentence constituents. The most prominent model predictions are qualitatively consistent with reading times in a self-paced reading experiment of Swedish transitive sentences. These findings indicate that grammatical function assignment draws upon statistical regularities in the distribution of morphosyntactic and prominence-based information in language use. Processing difficulties in the comprehension of Swedish transitive sentences can therefore be predicted on the basis of corpus distributions.
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Muthwii, S. M. "Classroom discourse in chemistry : A study of the teacher pupil discourse events in some Kenyan chemistry classrooms." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378744.
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Beauchemin, Faythe P. "Languaging Relational-Key in Reading, Writing, Language and Literacy Events: A Microethnographic Discourse Analytic Study." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555600824740447.
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Gadelha, NÃdia Marques. "A hibridizaÃÃo do discurso mÃdico-paciente no evento discursivo parto." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11496.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>Esta tese à o resultado de uma pesquisa que visou à investigaÃÃo de representaÃÃes e identidades de mÃdicos, mÃdicas e mulheres em um hospital pÃblico em Maranguape, municÃpio do Estado do CearÃ, baseada na AnÃlise de Discurso CrÃtica. Para realizar esta pesquisa foi utilizada a metodologia etnogrÃfico-discursiva na geraÃÃo e coleta de dados. Os mÃtodos selecionados foram: observaÃÃo participante, notas de campo e entrevista etnogrÃfica aberta. Os dados foram coletados e gerados na maternidade de atenÃÃo ao parto de baixo risco que faz parte da unidade hospitalar, com inÃcio em marÃo de 2010 e estendeu-se por dois anos. Esta pesquisa se justifica como uma possibilidade dentro na Ãrea da LinguÃstica e sua interlocuÃÃo com a sociedade, da investigaÃÃo de um tema pertinente, representaÃÃes e identidades. Neste trabalho, focalizei meu interesse na hibridizaÃÃo do discurso mÃdico com questÃes de poder institucional, visÃes de mundo, questÃes de gÃnero, etnia, pobreza, em sua relaÃÃo com questÃes societÃrias no evento discursivo parto. Este tema foi examinado com o suporte do Realismo CrÃtico e das CiÃncias Sociais CrÃticas. Os resultados desse estudo lanÃam questionamentos sobre os mecanismos linguÃsticos que envolvem as questÃes dos sofrimentos das mulheres em situaÃÃo de precarizaÃÃes sociais. Sua contribuiÃÃo principal à demonstrar a instrumentalizaÃÃo de epistemologias para revelar como a articulaÃÃo entre as categorias teÃricas e as escolhas lexicais, entre outros elementos, alinham-se para construir identidades de legitimaÃÃo e submissÃo, dialeticamente relacionadas aos discursos (representaÃÃes) num contexto societÃrio que favorece a naturalizaÃÃo do sofrimento no evento discursivo parto. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a luta ideolÃgica e hegemÃnica do poder e resistÃncias no evento discursivo parto. As relaÃÃes de controle mÃdico-paciente representam o modelo da racionalidade mÃdica de risco que considera as pacientes deficitÃrias morais e exerce o controle interacional mÃdico com amplo domÃnio tÃcnico e cientÃfico sobre seus corpos. A obstetrÃcia utiliza-se do arsenal protocolar cirÃrgico invasivo nos partos de baixo risco, desconsiderando e refutando as prÃticas nÃo invasivas no atendimento ao parto fisiolÃgico ou natural. As identidades de legitimaÃÃo de mÃdicos e mÃdicas travam uma luta hegemÃnica com o uso das tecnologias invasivas e aceleradoras do parto, consideradas como uma violÃncia contra as parturientes, quando aplicadas de forma desnecessÃria. As identidades das parturientes em transe e em trÃnsito de dor reificam o
sofrimento no parto como natural, acobertado por questÃes sociais e polÃticas que as deixam em situaÃÃo de desvantagem nas linhas demarcatÃrias das exclusÃes e misÃrias sociais. Nesse sentido, a prÃtica obstÃtrica age discursivamente como uma violÃncia simbÃlica, institucional, epistemolÃgica, cientÃfica.<br>This thesis is based on a research that investigated the representations and identities of doctors and women patients in a state hospital, in Maranguape,CearÃ, adopting Critical Discourse Analysis. In order to carry out this research, the ethnographic-discursive methodology was used to generate and collect data. The selected methods were: participant observation, field notes and ethnographic interviews. The data was collected and generated at the low-risk maternity ward in this hospital, and the fieldwork began in March 2010, lasting for two years. This research is justified as a possibility to investigate the relevant topic of representations and identities,in the interface of Linguistics and society. In this work, my interest is focused on the hybridity of medical discourse with issues of institutional power, world views, gender, ethnicity, and poverty, in their relation with society in the discursive event childbirth. This topic was examined with the support of Critical Realism and Critical Social Science. The results of this study question the linguistic devices involving womenÂs suffering in a socially vulnerable context. The main contribution of the studyis to propose epistemological tools to indicate how the articulation of theoretical categories and lexical choices, among other elements, line up to construct legitimation and subjection identities, dialectically related to discourses (representations) in a societal context which favors the naturalization of suffering in the discursive event childbirth. The results point to the ideological and hegemonic struggle, power and resistance in this event. Doctor-patient control relations represent the model of risk medical rationality which considers the patients as in a moral deficit and which exerts doctor interactional control with wide technical, scientific mastery over the womenÂs bodies. Obstetrics uses its invasive surgical protocols in low-risk delivery, rejecting non-invasive practices in natural delivery care. Doctor legitimation identities hold a hegemonic struggle with the use of invasive accelerating technologies in childbirth, considered as violence against women when they are unnecessary. WomenÂs identities in distress and pain flow reify childbirth suffering as natural, hidden by social and political issues that place them in a disadvantageous position in the dividing lines of social exclusion and misery. Thus, obstetrical practices act discursively as symbolic, institutional, epistemological and scientific violence.
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Hebert, Jamie Sue. "Event Ecology: An Analysis of Discourses Surrounding the Disappearance of the Kah Shakes Cove Herring (Clupea pallasi)." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5.
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The conflict over the herring run at Kah Shakes is complicated. In 1991, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG) expanded the commercial herring sac roe fishing boundary in the Revillagigedo Channel to include Cat and Dog Islands. Native and non-Native local residents of Ketchikan protested the boundary expansion, as did managers of the neighboring Annette Island Fishery managed by the local reservation. Using cultural anthropological research methods that include ethnographic data, semi-structured, qualitative interviews gathered in southeast Alaska in 2008, and a comprehensive literature review of historic data culled from newspapers and other texts, I examine the many political factors that contribute to this conflict, including the contest between anecdotal and scientific data, the construction of fisheries management boundaries, and issues of collective memory. Using Vayda and Walters' event ecology methodology, bolstered by discourse analysis, I identify three discourses (local ecological knowledge, management and environmental). I use these discourses as comparative units to show that little coincident data can be identified between these discourses. I examine two areas of dissident data, stock definition and measures of abundance, and recommend that local ecological knowledge (LEK) be used to expand the scientific database on which current management techniques depend, to question the accuracy of current ADFG management boundaries and stock identification, and to recalibrate guideline harvest levels by exposing the effects of shifting baselines. I then outline how Geographic Information Systems (GIS) may assist in the validation and integration of LEK into the current fisheries management paradigm to create a more holistic narrative of ecological change.
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Williams, Abigail Smith. "Dialectical Relationships in Pre 9/11 and Post 9/11 White Supremacist Discourse." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/45.
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My thesis argues that a shift has taken place in white supremacist rhetoric post September 11, 2001. I focus on the pre-9/11 rhetoric of Jared Taylor, the post 9/11 rhetoric of Patrick Buchanan, and identify the attacks of September 11th as a catalytic event in the history of white supremacist rhetoric. Through careful rhetorical analysis, I identify the 9/11 shift as a shift in placement vis-à-vis the political mainstream.
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Strömsten, Henrik. "Military and Nature : An environmental history of Swedish military landscapes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302652.
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This thesis, an environmental history of a selected number of Swedish military training environments, is based on observation of military landscapes with a permanent presence of military-related objects and activities, all of which leave their traces in the environment, and how continued military activity is legitimised with environmental arguments. By also observing military policies and documents, I look into how the Swedish military frame their own training environments, and how ‘environmentalist’ discourses is adopted to justify past and present activities. The military landscapes must also be considered in a wider context of geopolitics and security; hence I also include an historical analysis of military land appropriation and defense policy in Sweden. An important contribution with this thesis, besides provide a Swedish context to studies of military landscapes, lies also in testing a historical ecological framework in analyses and methods when approaching research on military landscapes, as I consider this thesis as a pilot-project on Swedish military landscapes providing incentives for further studies. The Swedish military landscapes studied in this thesis have both a centennial and decadal presence of military activities. Some training sites such as Marma and Revinge, which are also Natura 2000 areas, have had a military presence since the 19th century, and the various military structures and buildings promote a kind of military biography, an identity tied to landscapes, reinforcing military presence. The presentation of military sites as ecological refuges for rare species and habitats is evident in the management plans for the studied landscapes. The way military space is understood, legitimised and produced from the perspectives of the military policy level is, as I will argue, centred on two core motivations. First, it is that military presence in a landscape is the product of a militarisation processes, considering a geopolitical context and defense policies. The military presence has long-term effects in form of an alteration of physical nature and development of a high biodiversity. Second, the long-term positive effects, enhances an environmentalist discourse within the military when it comes to legitimise past and present military space, and to justify a continued military presence in a landscape.<br>Denna uppsats, en miljöhistoria av ett utvalt antal svenska militära övningsområden, är baserat på en observation av militära landskap med en permanent närvaro av militärrelaterade objekt och aktiviteter vilka lämnar sina spår i miljön, och hur fortsatt militär aktivitet legitimeras genom miljöargument. Jag analyserar militära riktlinjer och dokument, för att se på hur svensk militär förhåller sig till dess övningsområden, och hur diskurser om miljövård används för att motivera fortsatt militär aktivitet. De militära landskapen bör studeras i en större geopolitisk säkerhetskontext; därför inkluderar jag också en historisk studie av svensk försvarspolitik och militära markanskaffningar. En viktig insats med denna uppsats, förutom att bidra med en svensk kontext till militära landskapsstudier, är att testa ett historiskt-ekologiskt ramverk i analys och metod vid studier av militära landskap då jag anser att denna uppsats är ett pilot-projekt för militära landskapsstudier i Sverige och ger incitament till vidare forskning i ämnet. De svenska militära landskapen som studeras här har upp till en hundraårig närvaro av militär aktivitet. Vissa övnings- och skjutfält såsom Marma och Revingehed, vilka också är Natura 2000- områden, har haft militär aktivitet sedan slutet av 1800- talet, och de varierande militära ytorna och byggnaderna främjar en militär biografi, en identitet knuten till landskapet, vilken förstärker fortsatt militär närvaro. Presentationen av de militära fälten som ekologiska refuger av sällsynta arter och habitat är uppenbar i skötsel- och vårdplanerna av de studerade landskapen. Sättet som det militära landskapet förstås, legitimeras och produceras ur militärperspektiv i policy och dokument är, som jag kommer argumentera, koncentrerade kring två faktorer. För det första, militär närvaro i ett landskap är ett resultat av en militariseringsprocess baserat på en geopolitisk kontext och försvarsbeslut. Militär närvaro har en långsiktig effekt i form av en förändring av den fysiska naturen och utvecklingen av en biologisk mångfald. För det andra, de långsiktiga positiva effekterna underbygger en naturvårdsdiskurs inom militären när det kommer till att motivera dåtida och nuvarande militär landskapsanvändning, och för att rättfärdiga en fortsatt militär närvaro.
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Baleisis, Audra. "Joining a Discourse Community: How Graduate Students Learn to Speak like Astronomers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193776.
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Almost half of all graduate students leave their doctoral programs without finishing. Who leaves, taking which skills and strengths with them, is still poorly understood, however, because it is hard to measure exactly what graduate students learn in their doctoral programs. Since the expertise required of a PhD holder is highly dependent on discipline, the development of a better understanding of graduate education and attrition requires studying the process at the departmental level.This is a qualitative study of the cultural values and norms of academic astronomy, as transmitted through the socialization of graduate students into giving talks, asking questions, and participating in departmental speaking events. This study also looks at the conflicts that arise when implicit cultural norms, which are practiced but remain unacknowledged, are inconsistent with the official, explicit values and norms for speaking in astronomy.Doctoral students and faculty members in a single astronomy department, at a large western university, filled out a short survey about the stakes involved in astronomy speaking events. A subset of these individuals was interviewed in-depth about the goals of, and their experiences with, five departmental speaking events: Coffee Hour, Journal Club, research talks, Thesis defense talks, and Colloquia. These interviewees were: (1) graduate students who had given a verbal presentation at one of these events, and (2) graduate students and faculty members who were in the audience at a graduate student's presentation.The desired outcomes which were expressed for these speaking events included: (1) lively, informal discussion among all participants, (2) increasing graduate student verbal participation in these events as they "learn to speak like astronomers," and (3) the utility of these events in helping graduate students learn and practice their speaking and reasoning skills related to astronomy research. In practice these goals were not achieved due to: (1) the ubiquitous, but unacknowledged practice of judging others' speech performance to come to negative conclusions about those individuals' intentions, intellectual abilities or efforts, (2) a lack of feedback for graduate students on their verbal performances, and (3) a lack of faculty members making explicit their own solutions to the inherent dilemmas of academic speaking.
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Ritz, Julia [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Evert. "Discourse-givenness of noun phrases : theoretical and computational models [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Julia Ritz. Betreuer: Stefan Evert." Potsdam : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053125704/34.
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Kramareva, Nina. "An analysis of Russia's 'alternative' soft power strategy and national identity discourse via sports mega-events." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8589/.
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This thesis seeks to show through both historical and contemporary examples what makes Russia an ‘outlier’ among key sports mega-events hosts. More specifically, this thesis sets out to establish how external and internal objectives Russia pursued in the context of the 1980 Olympics and the 2014 Sochi Olympics differed from those of other sports mega-event hosts, including non-liberal states. The originality of this thesis lies not only in the fact that it sheds light on Russia’s strategy of sports mega-event hosting, but that it does so from the vantage point of the combination of the three most popular approaches in the extant sports mega-event research: public diplomacy, place branding and soft power. Moreover, this study places Russia’s hosting of sports mega-events within constructivist international relations theory, which prioritises identity and interests. In this respect, this research, by uncovering Russia’s motives behind sports mega-events hosting, seeks to add predictability to Russia’s behaviour in the international arena. Further, this thesis shows that the pursuit of domestic soft power goals appear to be much more important to Russia than the attainment of external reputational benefits. In this respect, this thesis explores at length what role elite sport and sports mega-events play in a nation-building project in Russia and how they are used to legitimise the incumbent elites. Finally, this thesis is an attempt to overcome a Western-centric paradigmatic hegemony in sports mega-event research.
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Ritz, Julia Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Evert. "Discourse-givenness of noun phrases : theoretical and computational models [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Julia Ritz. Betreuer: Stefan Evert." Potsdam : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053125704/34.
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Santos, Denise Machado dos. "A study of the textbook in literacy events: discourse, literacies and EFL in an educational community." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485708.
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This study examines how a particular educational community ofteachers and learners ofEnglish as a foreign language (EFL) in Brazil make sense of their textbooks in classroom interactions. It also aims to examine the extent to which ...-. particular interactional practices involving the textbook impinge upon the development ofbroader conceptualisations ofliteracy, as well as teaching and learning a foreign language. The data were collected in elementary classes involving the EFL textbook in a (' language school undergoing an innovation process. Concepts from interactional sociolinguistics and sociocultural theory orient the analysis, which focuses on four aspects ofthe discursive co-construction ofmeanings about the textbook during these literacy events: (1) teachers and students' ways ofopening and closing these events; (2) the development ofthe individuals' understanding about what goes on during these events; (3) the ways they talk about the textbook; (4) the ways they rearticulate the text in their own discourses. The analysis suggests that, during the literacy events mediated by the textbook, teachers and students co-constructed an interactional site predominantly marked by non-reflective and standardised behaviour, fragmentation and ,. individualism,.characteristics which were in striking opposition with the practices associated with the innovation programme. The findings ofthis study also challenge notions oftextual determinism in that the meanings negotiated by interactants often departed from the emphases in the text and involved literacy practices which individuals had been socialised into during previous social events. This thesis concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings regarding pedagogy, theory, research, materials development and teacher education.
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Cooke, Cheryl L. "(Re)presenting African-American men : analyzing discourses on manhood, prison, and relationships /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7333.
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Calabrese, Laura. "Le rôle des désignants d'événements historico-médiatiques dans la construction de l'histoire immédiate: une analyse du discours de la pensée écrite." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210172.
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Ce travail est divisé en deux grandes parties. La première explore la notion d’événement dans une perspective multidisciplinaire, à partir de l’histoire, la sociologie, l’ethnologie, la philosophie, la communication et la linguistique. Le but de ce parcours notionnel est double :tout d’abord, illustrer comment les sciences humaines évoluent (depuis les années 1950) vers une approche langagière de l’événement, et en deuxième lieu, nous doter des outils conceptuels nécessaires pour montrer que l’événement médiatique est une construction sociale dans laquelle le langage joue un rôle central. Cette construction est régulée par des routines de rédaction journalistiques, des contraintes matérielles (i. e. l’espace disponible pour rédiger des titres), des représentations et des habitus de lecture. En amont de la nomination par le média, des protocoles sociaux implicites règlent ainsi la mise en mots de l’événement. Cela explique l’énorme consensus dans la nomination d’événements à l’intérieur d’un même espace historico-géographique. <p>La réflexion théorique sur l’événement a également permis d’observer le fonctionnement singulier du discours d’information, notamment en regard du discours historique, tout spécialement à partir de leur saisie particulière du temps, à savoir, les temps courts des médias et les temps long ou mi-longs de l’histoire. Cette forme d’appréhender le temps n’est pas sans conséquences sur les modes de nomination des médias, car ils ont besoin de nommer toute occurrence jugée événementielle, souvent sans le recul nécessaire pour les intégrer dans un récit global. La pratique conduit en effet le discours de l’information à produire une grande quantité de désignants qui pourront être mémorisés par les lecteurs sans pour autant produire de véritables connaissances. Malgré cette hypertrophie, l’événement médiatique constitue un repère collectif primordial pour organiser le vécu public. En ce sens, il est à distinguer du fait divers, qui n’organise pas le temps social mais produit, au contraire, des discours répétitifs, ancrés sur des archétypes et non sur l’actualité. Dans sa fonction cathartique, le fait divers présente une mise en récit du dysfonctionnement de la société et, dans sa répétitivité, n’a pas besoin d’être mémorisé par le discours social. Comme corollaire, il produit moins de dénominations et plus de séquences narrativisées. Ainsi, un fait divers peut accéder au statut d’événement en fonction de la place que le discours d’information −et la société− lui accorde, à la fois dans l’espace public et dans la matérialité du support écrit. <p>En tant que construction sociale, l’événement médiatique n’est pas un objet discret. Non seulement il n’est pas disponible tel quel avant l’acte de nomination, mais il n’est pas immédiatement disponible et perceptible. Comme d’autres réalités sociales ou institutionnelles, les événements ont une « ontologie subjective » mais sont perçus comme objectifs. Dans ce cadre, l’instance de médiatisation est fondamentale pour donner corps à l’événement et l’ériger en objet d’intérêt public. La question qui se pose est celle de la mise en forme de l’événement en consensus avec le corps social. Si nous considérons les événements comme des faits institutionnels, il devient évident que leur mode de donation est médiatisé par le biais d’une instance socialement légitimée à laquelle on accorde cette mission :les médias. Le mécanisme de médiation qui intervient ici est la déférence :nous déférons aux journalistes la tâche d’identifier, de décrire et de nommer les événements publics. <p>L’analyse des désignants d’événements dans une perspective linguistique (sémantique et syntaxique) s’avère ainsi fondamentale pour interroger les représentations mobilisées par le média. En effet, ces séquences linguistiques, largement partagées par le corps social, sont des prêts-à-dire capables de condenser une énorme quantité d’information sur l’événement, de ses données les plus objectives (où, quand, quoi) aux plus subjectives (images, représentations) mais partagées intersubjectivement. La deuxième partie de cette thèse aborde la description de ces séquences linguistiques, dans une démarche qui va de la sémantique lexicale à la sémantique discursive. Les désignants d’événements sont envisagés sous leur forme expansée, c’est-à-dire comme des expressions définies formées à partir d’un nom événementiel, nom qui dénote un événement en langue (attentat, catastrophe, crise, etc.). Cette base lexicale sert à catégoriser l’événement −en fonction de cadres cognitifs communs−, orientant le sens et affectant les représentations des lecteurs. <p>Parmi les différentes formes, nous distinguons des expressions définies complètes (la guerre en Irak, le massacre de la place Tiananmen, les attentats du 11 septembre, l’affaire du voile) et incomplètes (la crise, la canicule, le tsunami). Ces dernières se caractérisent par la présence d’un opérateur indexical qui fait référence au moment de l’énonciation et ont donc une capacité plus faible à stocker la mémoire de l’événement. Une fois le moment discursif passé, ces expressions ont tendance à être complétées par un complément (i. e. la canicule de 2003). Les expressions définies complètes présentent, elles, une tendance à la condensation. Elles produisent ainsi des mots-événements :des toponymes et des dates en fonction événementielle (que nous appelons héméronymes), ainsi que des désignants occasionnels (Tiananmen, le 11 septembre, le voile, respectivement). Malgré l’effacement du nom événementiel présent dans la dénomination originelle (massacre, attentat, affaire), celui-ci est pour ainsi dire enregistré par l’expression restante, et sert par là à orienter le sens de l’expression. La preuve qu’un sens notionnel a été enregistré par ces expressions est qu’elles peuvent être réutilisées dans des emplois métaphoriques, pour des événements de même nature (le 11 septembre de l’Europe, un Tiananmen à l’iranienne, tsunami financier). L’approche discursive permet également de distinguer des dénominations et des désignations, moins figées et à plus forte valeur axiologique, mais qui contribuent également à la construction de l’événement. Si Mai 68 peut être catégorisé comme une révolte, une révolution ou un mouvement par la presse et par les principaux acteurs sociaux, il peut également être qualifié de coup d’épée dans l’eau ou de rupture culturelle. Les premières constituent des séquences largement partagées dont le but est de catégoriser, mémoriser et retracer l’événement, tandis que les secondes expriment surtout le point de vue d’un énonciateur ou groupe, et ont par là un contenu axiologique plus évident. <p>Nous essayons de montrer que la description linguistique est une condition nécessaire pour décrire la capacité mémorielle de ces désignants, qui ont des degrés de stabilité et de figement différents. L’établissement des différentes catégories (expressions définies complètes et incomplètes, xénismes, mots-événements accidentels, toponymes événementiels et héméronymes) permet d’étudier leur capacité mémorielle en fonction de leur morphologie. En effet, moins le désignant a de contenu lexical, plus il a de facilité à circuler dans des contextes qui ne sont pas celui d’origine. Ainsi, les toponymes et les héméronymes ont une plus grande capacité d’évocation, en raison de leur proximité avec le nom propre. Dans le discours d’information, ils fonctionnent comme des outils cognitifs qui servent à mémoriser des événements, des images et des discours sur les événements.<p><p><br>Doctorat en Langues et lettres<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Zulaica, Hernandez Iker. "Demonstrative pronouns in Spanish: a discourse-based approach." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1196826616.
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MENEZES, Eduardo Silveira de. "A possibilidade de inserção e aplicabilidade da análise de discurso na formação jornalística: uma revisão teórica com vistas à análise da cobertura das eleições presidenciais de 2014 no Brasil." Universidade Catolica de Pelotas, 2017. http://tede.ucpel.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/688.
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Previous issue date: 2017-11-27<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES#<br>#2075167498588264571#<br>#600<br>The Phd thesis, presented here, analyzes the coverage of the 2014 presidential elections in
Brazil, dealing with issues related to the application and applicability of the analysis of
pecheuxtiana discourse in the field of journalistic training. We consider the discursive
functioning of Brazilian journalism, in its different forms of materialization, we can identify
significant contributions of DA to the practice of professional practice. When we make such
an analysis, in communication groups registered in antagonistic discursive formations (FDI /
Grupo Folha and FDCI / Rede Brasil Atual), it is identified according to the report. In order
to better organize this research, we have chosen to divide it into four chapters. In the first
one, we present the analytical corpus and define the methodology employed, emphasizing
that the analysis of the selected material occurs in the course of all the work. The second
chapter is dedicated to a (re) reading of the main theories of journalism under the bias of DA.
This theoretical path allows us to understand the proximity - and, above all, distancing -
between the currents of thought in vogue, today, in the process of training Brazilian
journalists. From there, we discuss the pertinence of the inclusion of the discursive theory
that we are proposing in the process of training the professional of the area. With the third
chapter, we began to demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of journalistic texts, advancing in
the interpretive gestures necessary to think about the journalist's role, redefining concepts
and demonstrating, through different discursive materialities, how the production of
meanings in the Brazilian journalism. Therefore, we consider the interrelationship of digital,
printed, radio and television media, considering that the current context of news production
and circulation occurs through the production conditions of Computer-mediated
Communication (CMC). Therefore, although cyber journalism is not the focus of this study,
some of its characteristics are redistricted, from the point of view of DA, allowing us to
develop the concept of cyber journalistic event. The fourth - and last - chapter of this thesis
takes a look at all the research. Thus, we move two fundamental concepts for the theory of
journalism: editor (spokesperson) and sources (subject sources). As a conclusion effect, we
present a possible way to continue the proposal of contribution of the analysis of the
pecheuxtian discourse to the journalistic formation, considering the different - and always
changeable - materialities that constitute this professional activity.<br>A tese de doutorado, aqui apresentada, analisa a cobertura das eleições presidenciais de
2014, no Brasil, tratando de questões ligadas à inserção e aplicabilidade da análise de
discurso pecheuxtiana no âmbito da formação jornalística. Considerando o funcionamento
discursivo do jornalismo brasileiro, nas suas diferentes formas de materialização, podemos
identificar contribuições significativas da AD para o exercício da referida prática
profissional. Ao realizarmos tal análise, em grupos de comunicação inscritos em FD’s
antagônicas (FDI/Grupo Folha e FDCI/Rede Brasil Atual), identificamos gestos de
interpretação importantes para se repensar o fazer jornalístico. Com vistas a melhor
organização desta pesquisa, optamos por dividi-la em quatro capítulos. No primeiro,
apresentamos o corpus analítico e definimos a metodologia empregada, ressaltando que a
análise do material selecionado se dá no transcorrer de todo o trabalho. O segundo capítulo
dedica-se a uma (re)leitura das principais teorias do jornalismo sob o viés da AD. Tal
percurso teórico nos permite compreender as proximidades – e, sobretudo, os
distanciamentos – entre as correntes de pensamento em voga, hoje, no processo de formação
dos jornalistas brasileiros. A partir daí, discorrermos sobre a pertinência da inclusão da teoria
discursiva que estamos propondo no processo de formação do profissional da área. Com o
terceiro capítulo, passamos a demonstrar a natureza heterogênea dos textos jornalísticos,
avançando nos gestos de interpretação necessários para se pensar a atuação do sujeito
jornalista, redefinindo conceitos e demonstrando, por meio de diferentes materialidades
discursivas, como se dá a produção de sentidos no jornalismo brasileiro. Consideramos, para
tanto, a inter-relação das mídias digital, impressa, radiofônica e televisa, tendo em vista que
o atual contexto da produção e circulação de notícias se dá por meio das condições de
produção próprias da Comunicação Mediada pelo Computador (CMC). Sendo assim, embora
o ciberjornalismo não seja o foco deste estudo, algumas de suas características são
rediscutidas, sob a ótica da AD, permitindo-nos desenvolver o conceito de acontecimento
ciberjornalístico. O quarto – e último – capítulo desta tese faz um apanhado de toda a
pesquisa. Realizamos, assim, o deslocamento de dois conceitos fundamentais para a teoria do
jornalismo: editor (porta-voz) e fontes (sujeitos fonte). Como efeito de conclusão,
apresentamos um caminho possível para dar continuidade à proposta de contribuição da
análise de discurso pecheuxtiana para a formação jornalística, considerando as diferentes – e
sempre mutáveis – materialidades constitutivas desta atividade profissional.