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Journal articles on the topic 'Discrete structural alternatives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Sauvée, L. "Hybrid governance: sketching discrete alternatives." Journal on Chain and Network Science 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2013.x230.

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Complex organisational forms are built through - at least to some extent - interorganisational strategies. To analyse the institutional logic of these forms, the concept of hybrid governance is proposed. This concept is a way to link their structural characteristics with their strategic content. To do so, the suggestion is to consider hybrid governance as an institutional combination of an authority structure and of a coordination architecture in presence of pooled strategic assets. The role of hybrid governance will then be to maximise joint value and minimise organisation costs. Such a persp

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2

Williamson, Oliver E. "Comparative Economic Organization: The Analysis of Discrete Structural Alternatives." Administrative Science Quarterly 36, no. 2 (1991): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393356.

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Georgiev, Minko, Teodora Stoeva, and Violeta Dirimanova. "The governance structure of agricultural land contracts – discrete structural alternatives." Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 29, Suppl. 1 (2023): 71–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13622511.

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In this article, Discrete Structural Analysis (DSA) of the contracts gravitating around the agricultural lands in Bulgaria aremade. In practice, this means looking at both market and non-market frameworks of exchange or protection of agriculturalland ownership rights. To do this, a methodology from economics, law, and organization is used. Temporal historical methodsare combined to review legal norms and economic institutions, their interactions, and what impact they define in differentcontractual frameworks. Contracts presented as Governance Structure (GS) – a set of fragments related t

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Shastitko, A., and A. Kurdin. "Incentives for process innovations under discrete structural alternatives of competition policy." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2016): 56–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-4-56-85.

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This study analyzes the incentives for process innovations under different conditions determined by the competition policy for intellectual property rights (IPR) and particular features of markets and technologies. Competition policy is defined by the presence or absence of compulsory licensing, markets are characterized by technological leadership or technological competition. The results of modelling show that the uncertainty engendered by technological competition may lower the intensity of innovative activities, if there are no mechanisms of coordination between participants. Voluntary lic

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BAUGH, JOHN W., SHANNON C. CALDWELL, and E. DOWNEY BRILL. "A MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH FOR GENERATING ALTERNATIVES IN DISCRETE STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION." Engineering Optimization 28, no. 1-2 (1997): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03052159708941125.

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Nerella, Sriharsha, and Chandra R. Bhat. "Numerical Analysis of Effect of Sampling of Alternatives in Discrete Choice Models." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1894, no. 1 (2004): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1894-02.

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Kurdin, Alexander A. "Institutional continuum in the context of the pandemic." Population and Economics 4, no. 2 (2020): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e53299.

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The article considers institutional responses to the challenges created by COVID-19 pandemic. The comparison of discrete structural alternatives is one of the most important principles of institutional analysis. It means that policymakers and researchers rely on a countable set of legal options in the course of comparison of different institutions designed to solve one or another problem. COVID-19 pandemic provoked the elaboration of “intermediate” normative solutions, thus changing the legal framework and leading to the formation of the short-term “institutional continuum” instead of the esta

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Kurdin, Alexander A. "Institutional continuum in the context of the pandemic." Population and Economics 4, no. (2) (2020): 39–42. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e53299.

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The article considers institutional responses to the challenges created by COVID-19 pandemic. The comparison of discrete structural alternatives is one of the most important principles of institutional analysis. It means that policymakers and researchers rely on a countable set of legal options in the course of comparison of different institutions designed to solve one or another problem. COVID-19 pandemic provoked the elaboration of "intermediate" normative solutions, thus changing the legal framework and leading to the formation of the short-term "institutional continuum" instead of the esta

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Shastitko, A. "Pouring Water out of the Tub, Do not Forget the Baby! (On the Correlation of Antimonopoly Policy and Economic Development)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2003): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-12-111-119.

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Key arguments on mutual exclusion of antimonopoly policy and economic development are criticized in the article. Analytical tools of the New Institutional Economics are used to identify the background of antimonopoly policy: property rights as a bundle of rights, externalities, transaction costs, comparative analysis of discrete structural alternatives. Perspective directions of constructive criticism and development of antimonopoly policy have been indicated.

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Hatzidakis, Nicholas, and Michael M. Bernitsas. "Comparative Design of Orthogonally Stiffened Plates for Production and Structural Integrity—Part 1: Size Optimization." Journal of Ship Production 10, no. 03 (1994): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1994.10.3.146.

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Five alternative configurations of orthogonally stiffened plates are compared in order to identify the total cost optimum design including material and fabrication cost. Size optimization is performed within the limitations of structural component standardization for each of the five alternatives. The five optimal structures are then compared in terms of weight, fabrication, and total cost. Discrete sizing optimization is performed in this paper with two design variables, i.e., plate thickness and standardized beam cross section. Constraints are imposed on secondary and tertiary stresses compu

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Shastitko, A. E., and A. I. Meleshkina. "Nationalization: To be or not to be." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2022-4-133-145.

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The article is aimed at ordering, in the first approximation, the subject field of the study, namely, structural alternatives for the reaction of Russian public authorities to the decision of foreign companies to withdraw their business from Russia. Approaches of the new institutional economics are used (especially in terms of comparative analysis of discrete structural alternatives), as well as elements of regulatory impact assessment to explain, first of all, the consequences of forced privatization and the introduction of external administration. The conclusion is made about the limited pos

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Shastitko, Andrey E. "COVID-19: moments of truth and sources of controversy." Population and Economics 4, no. 2 (2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e53285.

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Some promising areas of research into the effects of the coronavirus pandemic are outlined. Among them – reflection in the system of sanitary and epidemiological indicators and their numerical values of the characteristics of socio-economic systems; comparative analysis of discrete structural alternatives in the light of the choice of solutions to combat the pandemic and its consequences; adaptation effectiveness of institutions in the context of the relationship of micro- and meso-institutions.

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Shastitko, Andrey E. "COVID-19: moments of truth and sources of controversy." Population and Economics 4, no. (2) (2020): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e53285.

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Some promising areas of research into the effects of the coronavirus pandemic are outlined. Among them – reflection in the system of sanitary and epidemiological indicators and their numerical values of the characteristics of socio-economic systems; comparative analysis of discrete structural alternatives in the light of the choice of solutions to combat the pandemic and its consequences; adaptation effectiveness of institutions in the context of the relationship of micro- and meso-institutions.

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KHANZADI, Mostafa, Zenonas TURSKIS, Gholamreza GHODRATI AMIRI, and Alireza CHALEKAEE. "A model of discrete zero-sum two-person matrix games with grey numbers to solve dispute resolution problems in construction." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 6 (2017): 824–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1323005.

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Conflict between parties is a common issue in construction projects. In the present article, the conflicts be-tween contractor and employer in delayed Design-Bid-Build projects have been studied. Defining a case study, a dispute resolution method has been proposed. This case has been considered as a MCDM problem. This problem has been as-sumed as a discrete zero-sum two-person matrix game with grey numbers. Among the four alternatives available for con-tractor and employer in the proposed case study, termination is the last alternative that decision makers choose. Based on different risk value

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Dallago, Bruno. "The budget constraint in the governance of organizations." Corporate Ownership and Control 5, no. 4 (2008): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv5i4c1p6.

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The paper suggests a partial solution to the disjunction between the institutional environment and the institutions of governance by considering the budget constraint. This approach is put in the perspective of the comparative analysis of economic organizations as discrete structural alternatives. The budget constraint presents a whole range of alternative values that are distinct by different transaction costs that organizations meet. Following different values of budget constraint, bounded rationality and opportunism are allocated to alternative uses and asset specificity takes different for

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Chouba, Ibtissem, Lionel Amodeo, Taha Arbaoui, Farouk Yalaoui, David Laplanche, and Stéphane Sanchez. "Optimization of French Hospital Department Activities Using an Efficient Discrete Event Simulation Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (2022): 9498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199498.

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A mismatch between patient demand and emergency departments (EDs)’ capacity to deliver care often leads to poor patient flow and overcrowding, and therefore an increase in waiting. This paper presents a mid-term decision support system dealing with scheduling and allocation of resources in the ED of the Hospital Center of Troyes, France. An efficient performance evaluation tool based on discrete event simulation (DES) is developed. Through a what-if scenario strategy, 145 scenarios were simulated that allowed us to create a new benchmark that does not exist in the literature. To rank and selec

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Webb, Alexander, and Alireza Khani. "Park-and-Ride Choice Behavior in a Multimodal Network with Overlapping Routes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 3 (2020): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120908866.

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This study estimates a discrete choice model from on-board survey data for park-and-ride (PNR) user’s station choice, and finds that users prefer a higher proportion of their trip time spent on transit than in a car. No evidence is found that users choose the PNR location that minimizes their overall travel time, but there is strong evidence that PNR locations closer to the direction of their destination are preferred. No significant relationship is found between PNR choice, user age, income, or gender. PNR facility amenities are found to be insignificant across all models tested, and the rail

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Prodanovic, Predrag, and Slobodan P. Simonovic. "Comparison of fuzzy set ranking methods for implementation in water resources decision-making." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 29, no. 5 (2002): 692–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-063.

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A new multicriteria technique, fuzzy compromise programming (FCP), is used to evaluate discrete alternatives in the context of water resources decision-making. All uncertain variables (subjective and objective) are modeled by way of fuzzy sets. Fuzzy set ranking methods are employed to compare, rank, and (or) sort the fuzzy output produced by FCP. The literature suggests that many ranking methods are available; however, not all may be appropriate for water resources decision-making. The objective of this paper is to compare fuzzy set ranking methods that can be implemented with FCP. Nine such

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Shastitko, A. "Is It Worth to Protect Competition from Intellectual Property Rights?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 20, 2013): 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2013-8-60-82.

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Discrete structural alternatives (DSA) of intellectual activity results creation, including specification and protection of intellectual property rights (IPR), are considered through the lens of balancing with competition protection. DSA within the framework of IPR system are studied taking into account differences in incentives depending on market structures where goods are produced with IPR use, on the one hand, and regimes of antitrust, on the other hand. Besides, the open access to results of intellectual activity within the system of prizes and public procurement are presented as DSA. Som

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Kropinova, Elena G., and Andrey E. Shastitko. "Evidence-based economic policy at the regional level." Baltic Region 16, no. 4 (2024): 12–30. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2024-4-1.

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This article revisits approaches to regional development by exploring both previously proposed and new policy opportunities for regions facing the greatest challenges in adapting to emerging geo-economic conditions. This revision is based on the methodology of comparative analysis of discrete structural (institutional) alternatives – an essential component for ensuring the necessary evidential level in selecting economic policy instruments, complementing other applied research tools. The Kaliningrad region is one of Russia’s most complex due to its geographical isolation and historical backgro

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Kropinova, Elena, and Andrey Shastitko. "EVIDENCE-BASED ECONOMIC POLICY AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL." Baltic Region 16, no. 4 (2024): 12–30. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2024-4-1.

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This article revisits approaches to regional development by exploring both previously proposed and new policy opportunities for regions facing the greatest challenges inadapting to emerging geo-economic conditions. This revision is based on the methodology of comparative analysis of discrete structural (institutional) alternatives — an essential component for ensuring the necessary evidential level in selecting economic policyinstruments, complementing other applied research tools. The Kaliningrad region is oneof Russia’s most complex due to its geographical isolation and historica

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Sadowski, Krzysztof L., Dirk Thierens, and Peter A. N. Bosman. "GAMBIT: A Parameterless Model-Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Mixed-Integer Problems." Evolutionary Computation 26, no. 1 (2018): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00206.

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Learning and exploiting problem structure is one of the key challenges in optimization. This is especially important for black-box optimization (BBO) where prior structural knowledge of a problem is not available. Existing model-based Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) are very efficient at learning structure in both the discrete, and in the continuous domain. In this article, discrete and continuous model-building mechanisms are integrated for the Mixed-Integer (MI) domain, comprising discrete and continuous variables. We revisit a recently introduced model-based evolutionary algorithm for the MI

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Chow, Lee-Fang, Fang Zhao, Min-Tang Li, and Shi-Chiang Li. "Development and Evaluation of Aggregate Destination Choice Models for Trip Distribution in Florida." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1931, no. 1 (2005): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193100103.

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Discrete choice modeling techniques have been used to model simultaneously the effects of land use and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics on travel behavior. To evaluate the performance of destination choice models with aggregate alternatives at the level of the travel analysis zone in allocating trips between zone pairs, this study developed three sets of home-based work models by using data collected from Broward, Palm Beach, and Volusia Counties in Florida. An objective for this study was to identify the benefit of destination choice models to urban areas of different sizes and c

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Shastitko, Andrey, Olga Markova, and Anna Meleshkina. "Regulatory contract usage in case of antitrust mergers and acquisitions control." St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies 37, no. 1 (2021): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2021.101.

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The article provides an analysis of counterparties’ benefits and costs within the framework of regulatory contracts the object of which is structural prescriptions issued by the antimonopoly authority controlling mergers and acquisitions. The purpose of the study is to identify discrete institutional alternatives for creating credible commitments in regulatory contracts with the participation of the monitoring trustee (taking into account the risk of distorted incentives).The object of the study is the regulatory contract between the regulator, the trustee, and the company (merger participant)

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Irannezhad, Elnaz, Carlo G. Prato, Mark Hickman, and Afshin Shariat Mohaymany. "Copula-Based Joint Discrete–Continuous Model of Road Vehicle Type and Shipment Size." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2610, no. 1 (2017): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2610-10.

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A major issue in freight modeling is the interrelationship between logistics choices that can be seen as a learning process that shippers or carriers undertake to optimize their logistics process, with the aim of minimizing their cost, maximizing their level of service, or both. This study looked at the interrelated decisions of vehicle type choice and shipment size in urban freight transportation by formulating a model that considered ( a) the nature of these two dependent variables via a joint discrete–continuous model, ( b) the correlation between the two decisions via a copula-based approa

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Cajzek, Rok, and Uroš Klanšek. "Cost optimization of project schedules under constrained resources and alternative production processes by mixed-integer nonlinear programming." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 10 (2019): 2474–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2019-0013.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is cost optimization of project schedules under constrained resources and alternative production processes (APPs). Design/methodology/approach The model contains a cost objective function, generalized precedence relationship constraints, activity duration and start time constraints, lag/lead time constraints, execution mode (EM) constraints, project duration constraints, working time unit assignment constraints and resource constraints. The mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) superstructure of discrete solutions covers time–cost–resource options relate

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Tjiong, Jeff, Stephane Hess, Thijs Dekker, and Manuel Ojeda Cabral. "Impact of Travel Time Constraints on Taste Heterogeneity and Non-Linearity in Simple Time–Cost Trade-Offs." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 49 (2018): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798288.

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Discrete choice models are a key technique for estimating the value of travel time (VTT). Often, stated choice data are used in which respondents are presented with trade-offs between travel time and travel cost and possibly additional attributes. There is a clear possibility that some respondents experience time constraints, leaving some of the presented options unfeasible. A model not incorporating information on these constraints would explain choices for faster and more expensive options as an indication that those respondents have a higher VTT when in reality they may be forced to select

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Zarkovic-Rakic, Jelena, Sasa Randjelovic, and Marko Vladisavljevic. "Labour market effects of social security contributions reform in Serbia." Ekonomski anali 61, no. 208 (2016): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1608073z.

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In Serbia the inactivity rate of the working-age population is close to 40%, among the highest in Europe. The country also faces a high informal employment rate of 24%. Previous research has argued that high levels of informality and inactivity are mostly due to a high effective tax wedge at low wage levels caused by a minimum base for calculation of social security contributions (SSC), sudden withdrawal of means-tested benefits once formal income is earned, and low progressivity of income tax. This paper evaluates the impact of the minimum SSC base reform scenarios on labour supply and employ

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Stopher, Peter R., and David A. Hensher. "Are More Profiles Better Than Fewer?: Searching for Parsimony and Relevance in Stated Choice Experiments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1719, no. 1 (2000): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1719-22.

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Transportation planners increasingly include a stated choice (SC) experiment as part of the armory of empirical sources of information on how individuals respond to current and potential travel contexts. The accumulated experience with SC data has been heavily conditioned on analyst prejudices about the acceptable complexity of the data collection instrument, especially the number of profiles (or treatments) given to each sampled individual (and the number of attributes and alternatives to be processed). It is not uncommon for transport demand modelers to impose stringent limitations on the co

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Shakeel, Kiran, Taha Hossein Rashidi, and Travis S. Waller. "Choice Set Formation Behavior in Selecting Travel Routes: Application of an Interactive Online Survey Platform." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2669, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2669-01.

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One of the major challenges associated with the analysis of route choice modeling is the formulation of the choice set of alternatives that may allow a relatively accurate prediction of demand for travel routes. The subset of route alternatives in the choice set should be relevant and feasible and include the attributes considered most by travelers when they choose a route. This research investigated the role and significance of route choice set formations with a focus on the perspectives of the modeler and of travelers. Revealed preference data were collected from Sydney, Australia, residents

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Chen, Ying, Jian Zhou, Zhi-Xin Ding, Min Zhang, and Qi-Guang Zhu. "Analysis of formation and evolution of double Fano resonances in sub-wavelength dielectric grating/MDM waveguide/periodic photonic crystal." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 3 (2022): 034202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211491.

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Based on the diffraction principle and the mode coupling theory, a composite micro-nano structure of sub-wavelength dielectric grating/metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide/periodic photonic crystal is proposed. Combined with the angle spectrum of reflection, the transmission characteristics of the surface plasmon polaritons and the generation mechanism of double Fano resonances at different incident angles and fixed wavelength are analyzed. The studies show that the physical mechanism of double Fano resonances is that the surface plasmon resonance generated at the interface of sub-wavelength

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Llorca, Carlos, Joseph Molloy, Joanna Ji, and Rolf Moeckel. "Estimation of a Long-Distance Travel Demand Model using Trip Surveys, Location-Based Big Data, and Trip Planning Services." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 47 (2018): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118777064.

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Long-distance trips are less frequent than short-distance urban trips, but contribute significantly to the total distance traveled, and thus to congestion and transport-related emissions. This paper develops a long-distance travel demand model for the province of Ontario, Canada. In this paper, long-distance demand includes non-recurrent overnight trips and daytrips longer than 40 km, as defined by the Travel Survey for Residents in Canada (TSRC). We developed a microscopic discrete choice model including trip generation, destination choice, and mode choice. The model was estimated using trave

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Jaén-García, Manuel. "Displacement Effect and Ratchet Effect: Testing of Two Alternative Hypotheses." SAGE Open 11, no. 1 (2021): 215824402110035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211003577.

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This article empirically tests the displacement effect of Peacock and Wiseman (PW) and the ratchet effect of Bird, both of which are alternatives to Wagner’s law on the growth of public expenditure. The displacement effect explains why the (horizontal) trend line moves upward in discrete steps over time, whereas the ratchet effect affirms that public expenditure “ratchets” during drops in the economy and remains at a higher level after the economy stabilizes. The following innovations are introduced in the present study: (a) empirical testing was conducted for Spain and an extensive time perio

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BILYK, Artem, and Maksym TERNOVIY. "Rational constructive solution of protective structures of covering trusses under dynamic loads." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency 1, no. 54 (2024): 57–69. https://doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2024.54(1).57-69.

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The article presents the results of studies on the search for rational parameters of protective structures of small-span roof trusses under dynamic loads. The main properties of such structures, the requirements they must meet, and the adopted provisions are considered. The main principles of designing protective structures of steel structure roofs are formulated to ensure the required strength and stability of the structure under impulse loads. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for alternative design to determine the rational (limitedly optimal) height of a steel truss roof with

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Bagočius, Vygantas, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, and Zenonas Turskis. "MULTI-PERSON SELECTION OF THE BEST WIND TURBINE BASED ON THE MULTI-CRITERIA INTEGRATED ADDITIVE-MULTIPLICATIVE UTILITY FUNCTION." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 4 (2014): 590–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.932836.

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Energy generation and savings is a vital problem for the social and economic development of a modern world. The construction of wind farms is a challenge of crucial importance to Lithuania. Offshore wind farms are one of the possibilities of the multiple use of marine space. Wind energy industry has become the fastest growing renewable energy in the world. An offshore wind farm is considered one of the most promising sources of green energy towards meeting the EU targets for 2020 and 2050. They provide long-term green energy production. The major purpose of this study is the selection and rank

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Fujiwara, Akimasa, and Junyi Zhang. "Development of a Scheduling Model for Car Tourists’ 1-Day Tours." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1921, no. 1 (2005): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192100112.

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Focusing on car tourists’ 1-day tours, a new scheduling model combines a nested paired combinatorial logit (NPCL) type of destination and route choice model and a time allocation (TA) model. The NPCL model, developed previously from the generalized extreme value family of discrete choice models to represent the similarity between pairs of alternatives in the same choice nest as well as the influence of inclusive value, indicates destination choice in the bottom level and route choice in the top level. The TA model applies Becker's theory to determine the time allocated to each touring site. Ut

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Lee, Meng Koon, Mohammad Hosseini Fouladi, and Satesh Narayana Namasivayam. "Mathematical Modelling and Acoustical Analysis of Classical Guitars and Their Soundboards." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2016 (December 27, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6084230.

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Research has shown that the soundboard plays an increasingly important role compared to the sound hole, back plate, and the bridge at high frequencies. The frequency spectrum of investigation can be extended to 5 kHz. Design of bracings and their placements on the soundboard increase its structural stiffness as well as redistributing its deflection to nonbraced regions and affecting its loudness as well as its response at low and high frequencies. This paper attempts to present a review of the current state of the art in guitar research and to propose viable alternatives that will ultimately r

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MAGHABLEH, Ghazi, and Ahmad MUMANI. "Simulation Based-MCDM Approach for Evaluating Traffic Solutions." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 34, no. 1 (2022): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v34i1.3842.

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Traffic congestion problems have dramatically esca-lated with the increasing volume of vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists in the face of limited road capacity. This re-search aims to reduce the time road users spend in the system (school-zone area) and improve the efficiency of the process of dropping off and collecting children from a crowded school area. The study integrates discrete-event simulation (DES) and multi-criterion decision-mak-ing (MCDM) techniques to comprehensively evaluate the proposed alternatives to select an optimal solution based on many performance measures. A real-world

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KUPRIKOV, Mikhail Yu, and Leonid V. MARKIN. "Methods of the automated aircraft configuration." INCAS BULLETIN 11, S (2019): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.s.12.

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Aircraft are great and comprehensive technical systems, which are characterised by the great configuration density. This article presents formation of the geometrical conceptual design of the aircraft on the basis of the formal heuristic procedures within the framework of the infrastructural constraints. In addition, this article includes description of influence of the aerodynamic configuration and the volume-weight configuration upon formation of the geometrical conceptual design of the aircraft, as well as description of other mass/inertia characteristics of the aggregates, which are to be

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Prashker, J. N., and S. Bekhor. "Investigation of Stochastic Network Loading Procedures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1645, no. 1 (1998): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1645-12.

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The network loading process of stochastic traffic assignment is investigated. A central issue in the assignment problem is the behavioral assumption governing route choice, which concerns the definition of available routes and the choice model. These two problems are addressed and reviewed. Although the multinomial logit model can be implemented efficiently in stochastic network loading algorithms, the model suffers from theoretical drawbacks, some of them arising from the independence of irrelevant alternatives property. As a result, the stochastic loading on routes that share common links is

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Shatalova, О. М., and S. A. Likhopud. "Optimal Control Model for Territory with Special (Preferential) Development Regime." Intellekt. Sist. Proizv. 21, no. 2 (2023): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2410-9304-2023-2-152-163.

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The article presents the result of multicriteria optimization mathematical model to control territories with a preferential development regime (TPDR) development. TPDR are an institutional form of management of the spatial economy. TPDR should contribute to the outpacing social and economic growth of the regions. Implementing such functions, an effective methodological apparatus for decision-making support is needed. In particular, mathematical methods of optimal control can be used. The purpose of the research was to develop a complex model that allows to make an indicative predictive estimat

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Xie, Chi, Jinyang Lu, and Emily Parkany. "Work Travel Mode Choice Modeling with Data Mining: Decision Trees and Neural Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1854, no. 1 (2003): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1854-06.

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Among discrete choice problems, travel mode choice modeling has received the most attention in the travel behavior literature. Most traditional mode choice models are based on the principle of random utility maximization derived from econometric theory. Alternatively, mode choice modeling can be regarded as a pattern recognition problem in which multiple human behavioral patterns reflected by explanatory variables determine the choices between alternatives or classes. The capability and performance of two emerging pattern recognition data mining methods, decision trees (DT) and neural networks

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Nurul Habib, Khandker. "A Heteroscedastic Polarized Logit Model to Investigate the Competition of Bicycle for the Bikeable Trips with the Other Modes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 49 (2018): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118796357.

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The paper proposes a new discrete choice model, named the Heteroscedastic Polarized Logit (HPL) to investigate choice contexts with one or more alternatives with remarkably low market shares. The proposed model is used to investigate the factors influencing the choice of a bicycle as a travel mode in the National Capital Region (NCR) of Canada. Data from the latest household travel survey of the NCR are used to investigate the mode choices of bikeable trips. Bikeable trips are defined as trips with lengths shorter than 16 km as this is the observed maximum limit of a bicycle trip in the datase

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O’Leary, Amy A., John S. Miller, Rick D. Youngblood, David B. Cook, Shelley L. Wynne, and Tanya Denckla Cobb. "Using Performance Measures to Strengthen Public Involvement in Identifying Targeted Transportation Investments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 11 (2020): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120942502.

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An underreported element of performance-based planning is the use of performance measures to increase stakeholder involvement. This paper describes a corridor planning effort using FHWA’s PlanWorks decision-support tool in which selection of performance measures was used to engage community members and to create solutions for a highway corridor that had the backing of citizens and elected officials. At three discrete phases—setting the project scope, establishing measures, and identifying candidate solution sets—the number of performance measures decreased from 23 to 13 to four. Measures that

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Zou, Yajie, Wanbing Han, Bo Lin, et al. "Cross-Border Travel Behavior Analysis of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Using MXL-BMA Model." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2023 (May 25, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6690346.

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The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) is an important transportation facility connecting Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao. Thus, analyzing the characteristics of cross-border behavior becomes crucial for enhancing the smart travel experience of the HZMB. Discrete choice models (e.g., logit models) are commonly used to describe travel mode choice behavior. Multinomial logit (MNL) is subjected to the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) assumption. Nested logit (NL) model does not consider the heterogeneity of travel individuals. Mixed logit (MXL) model can overcome the above limitations

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GRIGORYEV, L. M. "PETER THE GREAT - THE KING OF CATCHING UP DEVELOPMENT." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 58, no. 2 (2023): 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0105-6-58-2-2.

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The scope of the personality of Peter the Great questions the logic of his large-scale reforms in practical terms. It began along with the war, coincided with the war, and in a number of key issues was determined by the need to wage the war, arm and supply the army, and restructure its management. Attention to his reforms is connected not so much with the anniversary of Peter I in 2022, but with the need to understand the historical path of Russia and to form the country's cultural code under the influence of his reforms. Starting with a humble goal of opening a “window to Europe”, after 1714

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Wang, Shuo, Kailun Feng, and Yaowu Wang. "Modeling Performance and Uncertainty of Construction Planning under Deep Uncertainty: A Prediction Interval Approach." Buildings 13, no. 1 (2023): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010254.

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In construction planning, decision making has a great impact on final project performance. Hence, it is essential for project managers to assess the construction planning and make informed decisions. However, disproportionately large uncertainties occur during the construction planning stage; in the worst case, reliable probability distributions of uncertainties are sometimes unavailable due to a lack of information before construction implementation. This situation constitutes a deep uncertainty problem, making it a challenge to perform a probability-based uncertainty assessment. The current

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Nikiforov, O. V., O. G. Dodonov, and V. G. Putyatin. "Implementation of organizational management decision-making based on the activities ontology." Mathematical machines and systems 1 (2022): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2022-1-31-51.

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The complexity of the tasks of making decisions in organizational management is stipulated by the extremely large dimension of the management space, the weak structure of the tasks being solved due to their uniqueness, the uncertainty of conditions, and the changeability of the goals (aspects) of management. The ontological approach provides a range of advantages in solving the problem of organizational management automatization. The use of the activity ontology makes it possible to significantly expand the scope of formalized methods application to organ-izational multi-aspect management. Due

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Zubenko, Andrey N., and Alexander A. Kurdin. "Validity of Regulation of Airport Services Fees and Tariffs." Journal of Modern Competition 17, no. 5 (2023): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0657-2023-17-5-19-40.

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The article examines the problem of the validity of regulation of airport services’ fees and tariffs. The study is relevant amid criticism of the need for regulation in the context of commercialization of the industry given the disputes over natural monopoly’ status of airports, potential competition between airports and the viability of alternative transaction governance mechanisms. The objective of the research is to analyze possible justifications for the necessity of airport services regulation and to reveal limitations of each of justifications. The analysis is carried out within the fram

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de Paz-Álvarez, Manuel I., Thomas G. Blenkinsop, David M. Buchs, George E. Gibbons, and Lesley Cherns. "Virtual field trip to the Esla Nappe (Cantabrian Zone, NW Spain): delivering traditional geological mapping skills remotely using real data." Solid Earth 13, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1-2022.

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Abstract. The restrictions implemented to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020 and 2021 have forced university-level educators from around the world to seek alternatives to the residential physical field trips that constitute a fundamental pillar of Geoscience programmes. The field-mapping course for second-year Geology BSc students from Cardiff University was replaced with a virtual mapping course set in the same area as previous years, the Esla Nappe (Cantabrian Zone, NW Spain). The course was designed with the aim of providing the students with the same methodology employ

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