Relevant bibliographies by topics / Discrete tool surface

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Discrete tool surface'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Discrete tool surface"

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Chekalova, Elena A., and A. V. Zhuravlev. "Discrete Oxidation of a Hard Carbide Tool." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.777.

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Comparative investigations of the effect of discrete surface hardening by standard ion-plasma technology and discrete oxidation technology on the structure and hardness of high-speed steels are carried out. It is shown that, after hardening in the ion-plasma installation on the surface and in the thickness of the layer, droplet-shaped defects, craters and bundles are formed. Metallographic studies showed that the hardened discrete oxidation layer after repeated hardening has a dense, uniform structure. It has been established that the discrete oxidation technology allows to increase the wear resistance of a complex-profile cutting tool 2 times more, compared to a tool hardened by standard ion-plasma technology after regrinding.
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Chen, Xu Bing, Chen Yu Shan, and You Lun Xiong. "Linear Octree Represented Tool Swept Volume Modeling on Complex Surface Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.699.

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In this paper, a novel approach of linear octree is employed to represent discrete tools and build their swept volumes along machining trajectories. Firstly, a data structure of linear octree is defined as the base of geometrical transformations. The linear octree can be extended into leaf nodes in the deepest level for simplifying homogeneous transformations, and all leaf nodes in the deepest level can also be concentrated into a linear octree for saving storage capacity inversely. Secondly, tool trajectories are interpolated as short lines, and swept volumes between neighbor interpolation points are defined as the Minkowski sum of their cell sets at both locations. Thirdly, equations of the rotation matrix for local coordinate system, roll, pitch and yaw angles of tool orientations are established to define the global rotation motions. Finally, a case of discrete sphere tool and its swept volume modeling are studied to validate the proposed approach.
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Kitahara, Hiromu, Jun’ichi Kaneko, Masahiro Ajisaka, Takeyuki Abe, and Kenichiro Horio. "Accurate Tool Path Generation Method for Large-Scale Discrete Shapes." International Journal of Automation Technology 13, no. 2 (March 5, 2019): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2019.p0279.

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Three-axis ball end mills are used for the finishing of metal molds of complicated curved surfaces. Typically, a tool path of this shape machining is derived from the geometric calculations of a tool used, and a product model that is a computer aided design (CAD)-based polyhedron approximating the shape. The polyhedron is more complicated to approximate a shape with more curved surfaces, as it is highly time consuming. To solve this problem, methods to accelerate geometric calculations using a computer graphics drawing processing mechanism were proposed. However, these methods cannot guard against errors arising from the approximation of an inverse offset shape using a set of polygons. In the present study, we propose a method to generate tool paths accurately based on calculating the crossing points of the tool axis and defining the offset surface as a set of polygons, cylindrical surfaces, and spherical surfaces. With this method, it is expected that the height of an area, which was divided by fine polygons in previous methods, can be derived accurately, and a tool path can be generated with high precision.
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Oancea, N., and V. G. Oancea. "Geometrical design of cutting tools with surfaces of revolution for helical surfaces." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 211, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406971521944.

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Machining of helical surfaces of constant pitch with tools bounded by surfaces of revolution is accompanied by generation errors due to imperfections of the effective cutting edge, relative positioning errors or kinematics of the machine tool. Therefore, the development of algorithms for the geometrical modelling of helical surfaces could be very useful. In fact, it is possible to model geometrically the effective generated surface on the workpiece when the cutting edge is known at discrete points, for instance, by physical measurement. Based on the principle of minimal distance first proposed in a previous work of the first author, a numerical method is developed that provides a very simple, yet very accurate, means to resolve both the direct and the inverse problem in the machining of helical surfaces with milling cutters and end mills. Thus, the profile of the cutting tool can be determined even for surfaces on the workpiece of arbitrary shape known either analytically or at discrete points. More importantly, it can be established either in the design or the exploitation stage what the accepted errors on the tool are (due to sharpening or wear), such that the tolerances on the surface to be machined are still met.
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Морозов, Алексей, Aleksey Morozov, Владимир Гусев, and Vladimir Gusev. "Stressed state simulation of discrete abrasive disk cutting surface." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2, no. 10 (October 4, 2017): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59d496ebddec57.65109772.

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Grinding disks with high frequency discretization of a cutting surface allow not only breaking a cutting process and de-creasing its thermal intensity, but decreasing a vibration level of a technological system which has a positive effect upon quality of a surface worked. But, for realization of intensive grinding modes these tools should possess a mechanical strength not only in the central hole, but that of a discrete cutting surface. In this connection in modern CAE-complex CosmosWorks a computer simulation of a stressed state of a cutting surface and a central hole of the grinding disk subjected to a high-frequency discretization is carried out. On the basis of the simulation results there is developed a durable tool allowing the fulfillment of discrete grinding in intensive modes.
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Fan, Li Cheng, Li Ning Sun, and Zhi Jiang Du. "A Tool-Path Interpolation Algorithm Based on Unfolding-Bending Parametric Curves." Key Engineering Materials 407-408 (February 2009): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.407-408.220.

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To grind sculptured surface by swing motion, it’s needed to interpolate the discrete data nodes on the arc-driving surface. To ensure that all the sample points locate on the arc surface, a novel unfolding parameter curve is proposed. Firstly, all the discrete data are stretched onto a plane, inside which the cubic B-spline curves are interpolated. After that, some points are sampled from the spline curves and bended to the arc-driving surface according to the swing radius. To eliminate cutting vibration and chord error exceeds limitation; radial speed is tuned by controlling the chord error. The simulation results are given to prove the proposed algorithm.
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Dutta, Samik, Surjya K. Pal, and Ranjan Sen. "Progressive tool condition monitoring of end milling from machined surface images." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 2 (April 7, 2016): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416640417.

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Indirect tool condition monitoring in end milling is inevitable to produce high-quality finished products due to the complexity of end-milling process. Among the various indirect tool condition monitoring techniques, monitoring based on image processing by analyzing the surface images of final product is gaining high importance due to its non-tactile and flexible nature. The advances in computing facilities, texture analysis techniques and learning machines make these techniques feasible for progressive tool flank wear monitoring. In this article, captured end-milled surface images are analyzed using gray level co-occurrence matrix–based and discrete wavelet transform–based texture analyses to extract features which have a good correlation with progressive tool flank wear. Contrast and second diagonal moment are extracted from gray level co-occurrence matrix and root mean square and energy are extracted from discrete wavelet decomposition of end-milled surface images as features. Finally, these four features are utilized to build support vector machine–based regression models for predicting progressive tool flank wear with 94.8% average correlation between predicted and measured tool flank wear values.
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Fussell, B. K., R. B. Jerard, and J. G. Hemmett. "Robust Feedrate Selection for 3-Axis NC Machining Using Discrete Models." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 123, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1365398.

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This research effort is focused on improving the efficiency of CNC machining by automatic computer selection of feedrate for 3-axis sculptured surface machining. A feedrate process planner for complex sculptured end milling cuts is developed from mechanistic and geometric end milling models. The selection program uses tool deflection, surface finish, tool failure and machine power to set constraints on the cutting force and the feed-per-tooth for rough, semi-finish, and finish passes. A NC part program is processed one tool move at a time by the planner. For each tool move a geometric model calculates the cut geometry, and an inverse mechanistic model uses this information along with the constraint force to calculate a desired feedrate. The feedrate is written into the part program resulting in a file that contains a feedrate for each tool move. Experimental results for a sculptured surface show the accuracy of the algorithms in maintaining a desired force.
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Popa, Camelia, Virgil Gabriel Teodor, Nicuşor Baroiu, and Nicolae Oancea. "Side Mill Tool Profiling for Generation of Helical Surfaces Determined by Reverse Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.28.

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The compressor rotors usually are helical surfaces with constant pitch and are composed crossing profiles. Frequently, for repair operations occurs the reconstruction necessity for one or both of the worms, drive and driven, from the helical compressors gear. The helical composed surface of rotor flank is generated usually with side mill. The knowledge of worm shape can not be made from geometrical conditions. In these conditions it is necessary to determine the flank form by actual measuring the crossing profiles of these parts. So, the theoretical helical surface of the worm is being substituted by an assembly of helical lines which together with crossing profiles forms points cloud resulted from measuring leads to a polyhedral expression of the flank rotor. Numerically, this surface type is expressed by a coordinate array which shows its discrete image. The profiling of cutting tool bounded by a revolution surface reciprocally enveloping with the substitutive surface of the helical one represents a special problem. In this paper is proposed an algorithm for polyhedral expression of the helical surface previously determined by reverse engineering methods and an algorithm for the determination of the specific enveloping condition at contact with a discrete surface.It is presented an example for a compressor rotor measured on a 3D measuring machine, the algorithm for the transformation of the gathered points cloud in a surface with polyhedral expression. Given these conditions there were determined the enveloping condition and the axial section of the side mill.
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He, Wei, Min Ren, and Ying Qi Tan. "Realization of NURBS Surface CNC Machining Simulation in Matlab." Advanced Materials Research 461 (February 2012): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.461.381.

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This paper presents a method of realization of NURBS surface CNC Machining simulation in matlab, including NURBS surface production, tool path generation, discrete surface and simulation model construction and CNC machining simulation realization.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Discrete tool surface"

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Rygl, Ondřej. "Rozdělení a aplikace matic flexibilního prototypového nástroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231743.

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The price of the tools for making prototypes and small series of products, as well as the cost of additional changes in the tool are quite high and increase the price of the final product. A flexible tool provides an advantageous solution to create a wide variety of molds. In this thesis the area of flexible tooling is introduced. An experimental mechanism has been manufactured and tested. With the help of a methodical approach several solutions for a flexible tool design have been proposed. Based on the evaluation of all given criteria, the most suited version has been designed and manufactured. The tool has been tested and evaluated for the thermoforming process. Improvements and potential applications have been suggested. The results show that the flexible tool has some limitations but has a broad potential use in several applications.
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Book chapters on the topic "Discrete tool surface"

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Shilko, Evgeny V., Alexey Yu Smolin, Andrey V. Dimaki, and Galina M. Eremina. "Particle-Based Approach for Simulation of Nonlinear Material Behavior in Contact Zones." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 67–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_4.

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AbstractMethods of particles are now recognized as an effective tool for numerical modeling of dynamic mechanical and coupled processes in solids and liquids. This chapter is devoted to a brief review of recent advances in the development of the popular particle-based discrete element method (DEM). DEM is conventionally considered as a highly specialized technique for modeling the flow of granular media and the fracture of brittle materials at micro- and mesoscopic scales. However, in the last decade, great progress has been made in the development of the formalism of this method. It is largely associated with the works of the scientific group of Professor S. G. Psakhie. The most important achievement of this group is a generalized formulation of the method of homogeneously deformable discrete elements. In the chapter, we describe keystones of this implementation of DEM and a universal approach that allows one to apply various rheological models of materials (including coupled models of porous fluid-saturated solids) to a discrete element. The new formalism makes possible qualitative expansion of the scope of application of the particle-based discrete element technique to materials with various rheological properties and to the range of considered scales form microscopic to macroscopic. The capabilities of this method are especially in demand in the study of the features of contact interaction of materials. To demonstrate these capabilities, we briefly review two recent applications concerning (a) the effect of adhesive interaction on the regime of wear of surface asperities under tangential contact of bodies and (b) the nonmonotonic dependence of the stress concentration in the neck of the human femur on the dynamics of hip joint contact loading.
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Teodor, Virgil, Marian Cucu, and Nicolae Oancea. "The Worm Cutter Tool Profiling Based on Discreet Surfaces Representation." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 49–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85437-3_5.

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Smolin, Alexey Yu, Galina M. Eremina, and Evgeny V. Shilko. "A Tool for Studying the Mechanical Behavior of the Bone–Endoprosthesis System Based on Multi-scale Simulation." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 91–126. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_5.

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AbstractThe chapter presents recent advances in developing numerical models for multiscale simulation of the femur–endoprosthesis system for the case of hip resurfacing arthroplasty. The models are based on the movable cellular automaton method, which is a representative of the discrete element approach in solid mechanics and allows correctly simulating mechanical behavior of a variety of elastoplastic materials including fracture and mass mixing. At the lowest scale, the model describes sliding friction between two rough surfaces of TiN coatings, which correspond to different parts of the friction pair of hip resurfacing endoprosthesis. At this scale, such parameters of the contacting surfaces as the thickness, roughness, and mechanical properties are considered explicitly. The next scale of the model corresponds to a resurfacing cap for the femur head rotating in the artificial acetabulum insert. Here, sliding friction is explicitly computed based on the effective coefficient of friction obtained at the previous scale. At the macroscale, the proximal part of the femur with a resurfacing cap is simulated at different loads. The bone is considered as a composite consisting of outer cortical and inner cancellous tissues, which are simulated within two approaches: the first implies their linear elastic behavior, the second considers these tissues as Boit’s poroelastic bodies. The later allows revealing the role of the interstitial biological fluid in the mechanical behavior of the bone. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, the plan for future works is proposed.
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Kobayashi, Shiro, Soo-Ik Oh, and Taylan Altan. "Metal-Forming Processes." In Metal Forming and the Finite-Element Method. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195044027.003.0005.

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In metal forming, an initially simple part—a billet or sheet blank, for example—is plastically deformed between tools (or dies) to obtain the desired final configuration. Thus, a simple part geometry is transformed into a complex one, in a process whereby the tools “store” the desired geometry and impart pressure on the deforming material through the tool-material interface. The physical phenomena constituting a forming operation are difficult to express with quantitative relationships. The metal flow, the friction at the tool-material interface, the heat generation and transfer during plastic flow, and the relationships between microstructure/properties and process conditions are difficult to predict and analyze. Often, in producing discrete parts, several forming operations (preforming) are required to transform the initial “simple” geometry into a “complex” geometry, without causing material failure or degrading material properties. Consequently, the most significant objective of any method of analysis is to assist the forming engineer in the design of forming and/or preforming sequences. For a given operation (preforming or finish-forming), such design essentially consists of (1) establishing the kinematic relationships (shape, velocities, strain-rates, strains) between the deformed and undeformed part, i.e., predicting metal flow; (2) establishing the limits of formability or producibility, i.e., determining whether it is possible to form the part without surface or internal defects; and (3) predicting the forces and stresses necessary to execute the forming operation so that tooling and equipment can be designed or selected. For the understanding and quantitative design and optimization of metal-forming operations it is useful (a) to consider a metal forming process as a system and (b) to classify these processes in a systematic way. A metal-forming system comprises all the input variables relating the billet or blank (geometry and material), the tooling (geometry and material), the conditions at the tool-material interface, the mechanics of plastic deformation, the equipment used, the characteristics of the final product, and finally the plant environment in which the process is being conducted. Such a system is illustrated in Fig. 2.1, using impression die forging as an example.
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Toroczkai, Zoltan, and György Korniss. "Scalability, Random Surfaces, and Synchronized Computing Networks." In Computational Complexity and Statistical Physics. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195177374.003.0020.

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In most cases, it is impossible to describe and understand complex system dynamics via analytical methods. The density of problems that are rigorously solvable with analytic tools is vanishingly small in the set of all problems, and often the only way one can reliably obtain a system-level understanding of such problems is through direct simulation. This chapter broadens the discussion on the relationship between complexity and statistical physics by exploring how the computational scalability of parallelized simulation can be analyzed using a physical model of surface growth. Specifically, the systems considered here are made up of a large number of interacting individual elements with a finite number of attributes, or local state variables, each assuming a countable number (typically finite) of values. The dynamics of the local state variables are discrete events occurring in continuous time. Between two consecutive updates, the local variables stay unchanged. Another important assumption we make is that the interactions in the underlying system to be simulated have finite range. Examples of such systems include: magnetic systems (spin states and spin flip dynamics); surface growth via molecular beam epitaxy (height of the surface, molecular deposition, and diffusion dynamics); epidemiology (health of an individual, the dynamics of infection and recovery); financial markets (wealth state, buy/sell dynamics); and wireless communications or queueing systems (number of jobs, job arrival dynamics). Often—as in the case we study here—the dynamics of such systems are inherently stochastic and asynchronous. The simulation of such systems is nontrivial, and in most cases the complexity of the problem requires simulations on distributed architectures, defining the field of parallel discrete-event simulations (PDES) [186, 367, 416]. Conceptually, the computational task is divided among n processing elements (PEs), where each processor evolves the dynamics of the allocated piece. Due to the interactions among the individual elements of the simulated system (spins, atoms, packets, calls, etc.) the PEs must coordinate with a subset of other PEs during the simulation. For example, the state of a spin can only be updated if the state of the neighbors is known. However, some neighbors might belong to the computational domain of another PE, thus, message passing will be required in order to preserve causality.
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Bulatov, Vasily, and Wei Cai. "Kinetic Monte Carlo Method." In Computer Simulations of Dislocations. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198526148.003.0014.

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The PN model discussed in the preceding chapter is a continuum approach that requires some atomistic input to account for non-linear interactions in the dislocation core. In this chapter, we introduce yet another continuum model that uses atomistic input for a different purpose. The kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model does not consider any details of the core structure but instead focuses on dislocation motion on length and time scales far greater than those of the atomistic simulations. The model is especially effective for diamond-cubic semiconductors and other materials in which dislocation motion is too slow to be observed on the time scale of molecular dynamics simulations. The key idea of the kMC approach is to treat dislocation motion as a stochastic sequence of discrete rare events whose mechanisms and rates are computed within the framework of the transition state theory. Built around its unit mechanisms, the kMC model simulates dislocation motion and predicts dislocation velocity as a function of stress and temperature. This data then can be used to construct accurate mobility functions for dislocation dynamics simulations on still larger scales (Chapter 10). In this sense, kMC serves as a link between atomistic models and coarse-grained continuum models of dislocations. The kMC approach is most useful in situations where the system evolves through a stochastic sequence of events with only a few possible event types. The method has been used in a wide variety of applications other than dislocations. For example, the growth of solid thin films from vapor or in solution is known to proceed through attachment and diffusion of adatoms deposited on the surface. Based on a finite set of unit mechanisms of the motion of adatoms, kMC models accurately describe the kinetics of growth and the resulting morphology evolution of the epitaxial films [95, 96, 97]. Similar kMC models have been applied to dislocation motion in crystals with high lattice resistance, such as silicon. In these materials, dislocations consist of long straight segments interspersed with atomic-sized kinks, depicted schematically in Fig. 9.1(a) as short vertical segments. As was explained in Section 1.3, dislocation motion proceeds through nucleation and migration of kink pairs and can be described well by a kMC model.
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Conference papers on the topic "Discrete tool surface"

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Tilch, R., and R. Loehner. "Advances in discrete surface grid generation - Towards a reliable industrial tool for CFD." In 40th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-862.

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McClain, Stephen T., and Jason M. Brown. "Reduced Rough-Surface Parameterization for Use With the Discrete-Element Model." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27588.

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The discrete-element model for flows over rough surfaces was recently modified to predict drag and heat transfer for flow over randomly-rough surfaces. However, the current form of the discrete-element model requires a blockage fraction and a roughness-element diameter distribution as a function of height to predict the drag and heat transfer of flow over a randomly-rough surface. The requirement for a roughness element-diameter distribution at each height from the reference elevation has hindered the usefulness of the discrete-element model and inhibited its incorporation into a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. To incorporate the discrete-element model into a CFD solver and to enable the discrete-element model to become a more useful engineering tool, the randomly-rough surface characterization must be simplified. Methods for determining characteristic diameters for drag and heat transfer using complete three-dimensional surface measurements are presented. Drag and heat transfer predictions made using the model simplifications are compared to predictions made using the complete surface characterization and to experimental measurements for two randomly-rough surfaces. Methods to use statistical surface information, as opposed to the complete three-dimensional surface measurements, to evaluate the characteristic dimensions of the roughness are also explored.
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Oliver, James H. "Efficient Intersection of Surface Normals With Milling Tool Swept Volumes for Discrete Three-Axis NC Verification." In ASME 1990 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1990-0020.

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Abstract An efficient algorithm is presented for intersecting vectors with swept solids which represent three-axis numerically controlled (NC) milling tool motions. The intersection calculation proceeds in hierarchical steps through a series of progressively more exact definitions of the shape of the tool swept volume. At each step, results of intermediate calculations are used to determine whether intersection with an exact representation of the solid is possible and, if so, where and how the swept volume model must be refined for the next step. This structure ensures that superfluous intersection calculations are minimized. This intersection technique has been successfully implemented as part of an algorithm for automatic verification of three-axis NC milling programs, and may also be useful for applications in robotics and factory automation.
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Aras, Eyyup. "From Discrete Vectors to Point Sets in Machining Simulations With High-Order Tool Surfaces." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13260.

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In vector based machining simulations sampling only along one direction misses surface portions, such as sharp edges and vertical walls. This drawback can be removed when sampling along multiple directions, even without increasing the number of vectors. Therefore, given the same total number of vectors, vector hits are likely to be better distributed over the surface in a multiple-rayrep model than in a single one. But in this case, although we have a better in-process workpiece representation, we face with another problem: computational expense in the vector/envelope intersections. Computations are easy when the workpiece is represented by unidirectional vectors and when the tool axis is positioned along these vectors. On the other hand, a more complicated situation occurs when the machining simulations are performed in the multiple-reyrep based environments with tools having high-order geometries. In this case, the extensive usage of nonlinear root finding algorithms makes machining simulations impractical. One solution might be to eliminate the variable representing a vector from calculations. This leads to a union of 3D-points (i.e. polyhedral, voxel and Octree representations), at the loss of accuracy. Therefore, from a geometric viewpoint we can consider the aggregate of 3D-points as a special version of the multiple-rayrep model, in which the orthogonal vectors are discretized. In this paper, first the above mentioned drawbacks are presented for the triple-vector model based environments with arbitrarily oriented tool surfaces. Later, since each NC sequence is described by using the toolpath parameter, the above problems are reduced to a single equation with collection of toolpath parameters for the given 3D-points. Since its geometric complexity is highest among other APT-type cutter surfaces, the toroidal surface is chosen for the analysis.
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Korngold, Jacob C., and Gary A. Gabriele. "Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization of Discrete Problems Using Response Surface Methods." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0023.

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Abstract The objective of this paper is to present a new algorithm to efficiently optimize multidisciplinary, coupled non-hierarchic systems with discrete variables. The algorithm decomposes the system into contributing disciplines, and uses designed experiments within the disciplines to build local response surface approximations to the discipline analysis. First and second order Global Sensitivity Equations are formulated and approximated by experimental data to build approximations to the global design space. The global approximation is optimized using branch and bound or simulated annealing. Convergence is rapid for systems with near quadratic behavior. The algorithm is demonstrated on a unique multidisciplinary learning tool, the Design and Manufacturing Learning Environment. This environment provides multimedia simulation for product life cycle disciplines, including design, manufacturing, marketing, and sales.
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Liu, Yu, Songtao Xia, and Xiaoping Qian. "Direct NC Path Generation: From Discrete Points to Continuous Spline Paths." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48205.

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Spline paths in NC machining are advantageous over linear and circular paths due to their smoothness and compact representation, thus are highly desirable in high-speed machining where frequent change of tool position and orientation may lead to inefficient machining, tool wear and chatter. This paper presents an approach for calculating spline NC paths directly from discrete points with controlled accuracy. Part geometry is represented by discrete points via an implicit point set surface (PSS). Cutter location (CL) points are generated directly from implicit part surfaces and interpolated by B-spline curves. A computing procedure for calculating maximum scallop height is given. The procedure is general and suitable for part surfaces in various surface representations provided that the closest distance from a point to the part surface can be calculated. Our results affirm that the proposed approach can produce high-quality B-spline NC paths directly from discrete points. The resulting spline paths make it possible for directly importing discrete points into CNC machines for high-speed machining.
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Oancea, Victor G., and Nicolae Oancea. "A New Numerical Approach to Model Surface Generation Through Wrapping." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dfm-1280.

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Abstract Several methods exist for the determination of profiles of cutting tools which work by wrapping. Most of these methods are based on the envelope theory and most often require cumbersome analytical formulations and the solution of equations not always easy to resolve. This work, based on the principle of minimal distance first proposed in a previous work of the second author, presents a new purely numerical method for the calculation of the active profile of the cutting tools which work by wrapping (direct problem) as well as for the estimation of the effectively generated surface on the workpiece when the tool is known at discrete points (inverse problem). The method can be used for any nonstandard profiles when an analytical description of the surfaces is not available. Several examples are shown for machining ball screws and parts of helical pumps.
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Trujillo, Carlos A., and Qiaode Jeffrey Ge. "A Subdivision Scheme for Discrete Motion Generation and Swept Volume Analysis." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-50105.

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In this paper, the four-point interpolatory subdivision scheme for curve generation is adapted to the interpolation of a set of positions of a cylindrical tool represented by dual quaternions. The resulting discrete model of the tool path lends itself naturally to an algorithm for computing the characteristic curve belonging to the boundary surface of the swept volume of a cylinder at each of the discrete positions. This approach to compute the discrete model of the swept surface of a motion is numerically robust and computationally efficient since it is based only on linear combinations. The results have applications in NC simulation and verification, robot path planning, and computer graphics.
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9

Yang, Xujing, and Zezhong C. Chen. "A New High Precision Fitting Approach for NURBS Tool Paths Generation." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84611.

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In new models of CNC machines, NURBS interpolation function can process tool paths represented in NURBS form (called NURBS tool paths) so that cutters can conduct NURBS motions, which can machine sculptured surfaces with high surface accuracy and finish. However, most CAM systems could not convert the tool paths with discrete cutter locations into NURBS tool paths, and the conventional data fitting methods can not calculate a NURBS curve to represent the given cutter locations in high precision. In this work, a new high precision fitting approach is proposed for generating NURBS tool paths. The main contribution of this work is to propose NURBS tool paths and fit the tool paths through the cutter locations more precisely with fewer control points. Since NURBS tool paths can make accurate and smooth sculpture surfaces, this approach can promote the usage of NURBS tool paths in manufacturing industry.
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10

Xia, J., and Q. J. Ge. "Kinematic Approximation of Ruled Surfaces Using NURBS Motions of a Cylindrical Cutter." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dac-14280.

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Abstract This paper deals with the problem of 5-axis machining of ruled surfaces. It is well known that a ruled surface may be efficiently machined with a cylindrical cutter using the side milling process. This paper studies the problem of planning the tool motion for side milling of ruled surfaces as a kinematic approximation problem. The goal is to develop a new method for synthesizing a Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (or NURBS) motion such that the swept surface of such a motion with a cylindrical cutter closely approximates a given ruled surface. First a NURBS motion is used to interpolate or approximate a set of discrete cutter locations for the side milling of a given ruled surface. Then the deBool control positions of the NURBS motion is fine-tuned to minimize the error between the swept surface of the cylindrical cutter under the NURBS motion and the desired ruled surface. In this way, the tool motion is represented by the set of deBoor control positions and associated knot sequence as opposed to a huge set of discrete cutter locations.
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