Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diseases of vocal tract

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Academic literature on the topic 'Diseases of vocal tract'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Ziarno, Remigiusz, Anna Suska, Wojciech Kulinowski, Aleksandra Grudzień-Ziarno, Magdalena Kostrzon, Magdalena Paciorek, and Jacek Składzień. "Czy smog ma wpływ na częstość występowania zaostrzeń przewlekłego zapalenia krtani? Analiza na przykładzie mieszkańców województwa małopolskiego." Otolaryngologia Polska 71, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0128.

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Introduction: Due to dynamic industrialisation smog became a frequent phenomenon in most developing cities. According to the last WHO report from Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Krakow has been classified in the 11th place among the most polluted cities in Europe. It seems to be an urgent issue because of the influence of air pollution on the condition of upper respiratory tract. Materials & Methods: In December 2015 there were 141 patients aged 17-91 years with upper respiratory tract diseases admitted to the phoniatric outpatient clinic in the University Hospital in Cracow. They suffered from cough, hoarseness and periodic aphonia. On the basis of the results of videolaryngostroboscopy 60 patients with exacerbation of the chronic laryngitis were selected into two numerically equal groups: from Cracow and from other places at least 60 km away. The groups were equal to each other also in three categories: sex, age and voice usage. The patients were referred to the Pedagogical University in Cracow for laryngography to evaluate the movement of the vocal folds and to trace a voice profile. Finally, there were two possible types of treatment – conventional pharmacotherapy or subterraneotherapy in the underground Health Resort in the "Wieliczka" Salt Mine. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient between the distance from the place of residence to Cracow and the scale of exacerbation of inflammation of upper respiratory tract presenting as vocal fold dysfunction was observed (r= 0,617; p<0,05). Conclusion: The place of residence (in or out of the industrial area) and exacerbations of chronic laryngitis are highly correlated. Air pollution seems to be the main factor influencing on the condition of upper respiratory tract. In our local conditions of Lesser Poland Voivodeship subterraneotherapy may be an interesting, non-invasive method preventing from exacerbations of upper respiratory tract diseases.
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Kang, Jeong Wook, and Young-Gyu Eun. "Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment in 2021." Journal of The Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics 32, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22469/jkslp.2021.32.2.56.

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Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is an inflammatory condition of the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa induced by reflux content from stomach. Some of vocal cord diseases are associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Because of the pathophysiological features, proton pump inhibitor shows therapeutic effect on some vocal cord diseases. As like that, the gastric reflux contents can make macroscopic or microscopic morphological changes in the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa. Although the pathophysiology of LPRD is relatively clear, clinical diagnosis is still difficult. The diagnosis of LPRD includes objective tests such as 24-hours multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH metry and subjective tests such as questionnaire method. However, the objective verification of reflux is difficult due to invasiveness of the method, and the questionnaire methods have limitations because many symptoms are not specific for LPRD. Moreover, most methods are not fully standardized until now. Despite these limitations, many researchers are struggling to standardize diagnosis and treatment of LPRD, and there are several new achievements recently. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the recent literature on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of LPRD, and to systematize our knowledge.
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Isaeva, Tatiana, and Elena Goryunova. "University teacher’s speech and self-presentation in e-learning and distance professional communication." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312147.

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The organization of professional communication in the context of e-learning is unthinkable without solving a number of issues related to the university teachers’ speech behaviour. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of studying of the teacher’s vocal tract functioning, the prevention of occupational diseases of the vocal tract, as well as identifying the psychological and linguistic features of the teacher’s speech during online classes, webinars and video lectures has become more than relevant. Basing on the study of the normative and methodological regulation issues of the online-speaker’s speech in distance communication, the peculiarities of speech technique and oratory competency in conditions of distance learning, an interdisciplinary study was carried out, which made it possible to determine the factors that increase the effectiveness of e-learning, activate the students’ attention and form a positive visual and audiolingual teacher’s image. The use of empirical research methods made it possible to determine a number of features of the teacher’s professional communication in the context of e-learning. The article offers recommendations for teachers and university authorities to improve professional qualifications in the field of the issues studied.
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Balali-Mood, Mahdi, Reza Afshari, Ramin Zojaji, Hadi Kahrom, Maedeh Kamrani, Davood Attaran, Seyed Reza Mousavi, and Gholam Ali Zare. "Delayed toxic effects of sulfur mustard on respiratory tract of Iranian veterans." Human & Experimental Toxicology 30, no. 9 (November 11, 2010): 1141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327110389501.

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To investigate late toxic effects of sulfur mustard (SM) on the upper and lower respiratory tracts of Iranian veterans, 43 male veterans with more than 25% disability due to SM poisoning in 20−25 years after exposure, were studied. Direct laryngoscopy, pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gasses and pH, computed tomography of sinuses and lungs were investigated. The patients were aged 50.6 (8.9 SD) years with body mass index (BMI) of 26.6 (4.0) and disability of 53.2 (17.0%). The common findings of the upper respiratory tract were dysphonia (79.1%), post-nasal discharge (PND; 41.9%), lower larynx position (30.2%), limitation of vocal cords (25.6%) and mucosal inflammation of larynx (14.8%). The common lower respiratory diseases were diagnosed as chronic obstructive respiratory disease (84%), bronchiectasis (44.1%) and lung fibrosis (7.7%). Severity of disability was negatively correlated with BMI ( p = 0.032), spirometric parameters ( p < 0.001) and oxygen saturation ( p < 0.001), but positively correlated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL <0.010), blood pressure ( p = 0.008), diabetes mellitus ( p < 0.001), wheezing ( p = 0.0043) and bronchiectasis ( p < 0.001). Delayed toxic effects of SM in upper and lower respiratory tracts were mostly inflammatory and infectious complications, SM-induced disabilities were significantly correlated with risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, LDL and lower-respiratory complications.
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Boltežar, Lučka, and Maja Šereg Bahar. "Voice Disorders in Occupations with Vocal Load in Slovenia / Glasovne Težave V Poklicih Z Glasovno Obremenitvijo V Sloveniji." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 53, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2014-0033.

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Abstract Aim. The aim of this paper is to compare the prevalence of voice disorders and the risk factors for them in different occupations with a vocal load in Slovenia. Methods. A meta-analysis of six different Slovenian studies involving teachers, physicians, salespeople, catholic priests, nurses and speech-and-language therapists (SLTs) was performed. In all six studies, similar questions about the prevalence of voice disorders and the causes for them were included. Results. The comparison of the six studies showed that more than 82% of the 2347 included subjects had voice problems at some time during their career. The teachers were the most affected by voice problems. The prevalent cause of voice problems was the vocal load in teachers and salespeople and respiratory-tract infections in all the other occupational groups. When the occupational groups were compared, it was stated that the teachers had more voice problems and showed less care for their voices than the priests. The physicians had more voice problems and showed better consideration of vocal hygiene rules than the SLTs. The majority of all the included subjects did not receive instructions about voice care during education. Conclusions. In order to decrease the prevalence of voice disorders in vocal professionals, a screening program is recommended before the beginning of their studies. Regular courses on voice care and proper vocal technique should be obligatory for all professional voice users during their career. The inclusion of dysphonia in the list of occupational diseases should be considered in Slovenia as it is in some European countries.
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Sowa, Klaudia, Anna Łobaczuk-Sitnik, Bartosz Piszczatowski, Emilia Duchnowska, Bożena Kosztyła-Hojna, Klaudiusz Nadolny, Jerzy Robert Ładny, and Maciej Zdrojkowski. "SPECIFICS AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE IN REFLUX-RELATED DYSPHONIA." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 4 (2020): 814–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202004137.

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Voice is a work tool for many professional groups. Currently, cases of dysphonia of multiple origin consist a growing issue. Voice disorders may result from disturbed voice production process, congenital defects, post-traumatic conditions, chronic diseases or hormonal disorders. Chronic diseases causing voice disorders include laryngopharyngeal reflux disease and esophageal reflux disease. The chronic character of reflux causes the formation of numerous morphological changes of the larynx, including: hyperemia of the mucosa limited to arytenoid and intraarytenoid area, edema of the vocal folds, edema of the larynx mucosa. These changes contribute to voice disorders. Among the pathological changes of voice organ etiologically associated with reflux, the following disease units may be distinguished: reflux laryngitis, subglottic edema, contact ulceration, larynx granuloma, larynx and pharynx cancer. Many of disorders in the upper respiratory tract are etiologically related to reflux, e.g. dysphonia, grunting, coughing and dyspnoea.
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Pekarskikh, Svetlana, Evgeny Kostyuchenko, and Lidiya Balatskaya. "Evaluation of Speech Quality Through Recognition and Classification of Phonemes." Symmetry 11, no. 12 (November 25, 2019): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11121447.

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This paper discusses an approach for assessing the quality of speech while undergoing speech rehabilitation. One of the main reasons for speech quality decrease during the surgical treatment of vocal tract diseases is the loss of the vocal tractˈs parts and the disruption of its symmetry. In particular, one of the most common oncological diseases of the oral cavity is cancer of the tongue. During surgical treatment, a glossectomy is performed, which leads to the need for speech rehabilitation to eliminate the occurring speech defects, leading to a decrease in speech intelligibility. In this paper, we present an automated approach for conducting the speech quality evaluation. The approach relies on a convolutional neural network (CNN). The main idea of the approach is to train an individual neural network for a patient before having an operation to recognize typical sounding of phonemes for their speech. The neural network will thereby be able to evaluate the similarity between the patientˈs speech before and after the surgery. The recognition based on the full phoneme set and the recognition by groups of phonemes were considered. The correspondence of assessments obtained through the autorecognition approach with those from the human-based approach is shown. The automated approach is principally applicable to defining boundaries between phonemes. The paper shows that iterative training of the neural network and continuous updating of the training dataset gradually improve the ability of the CNN to define boundaries between different phonemes.
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Bai, Yu, Xi-Rui Jing, Yun Xia, and Xiao-Nan Tao. "Paroxysmal Laryngospasm: A Rare Condition That Respiratory Physicians Must Distinguish from Other Diseases with a Chief Complaint of Dyspnea." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2020 (July 6, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2451703.

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Background. In recent years, we have observed respiratory difficulty manifested as paroxysmal laryngospasm in a few outpatients, most of whom were first encountered in a respiratory clinic. We therefore explored how to identify and address paroxysmal laryngospasm from the perspective of respiratory physicians. Methods. The symptoms, characteristics, auxiliary examination results, treatment, and prognosis of 12 patients with paroxysmal laryngospasm treated in our hospital from June 2017 to October 2019 were analyzed. Results. Five males (42%) and 7 females (58%) were among the 12 Han patients sampled. The average age of the patients was 49.25 ± 13.02 years. The disease course ranged from 14 days to 8 years and was characterized by sudden dyspnea, an inability to inhale and exhale, a sense of asphyxia, and voice loss during an attack. Eight patients with gastroesophageal reflux were cured after antacid treatment. One case of upper respiratory tract infection (URI) was completely relieved after symptomatic treatment. One patient with left vocal cord paralysis experienced complete relief after specialist treatment by an otorhinolaryngologist. Episodes in 1 patient were significantly reduced after lifestyle improvement. One patient experienced spontaneous relief after rejecting treatment. Conclusions. Paroxysmal laryngospasm is a rare laryngeal disease that generally occurs secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and antireflux therapy is frequently effective for its treatment. A respiratory physician should master and identify the symptoms and differentiate this condition from hysterical stridor, reflux-related laryngospasm, and asthma. Timely referral to otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialists for standardized examination and regular treatment should be provided when necessary.
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Lechien, Jerome R., Stéphane Hans, Francois Bobin, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Sven Saussez, and Petros D. Karkos. "Atypical Clinical Presentation of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: A 5-Year Case Series." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 2439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112439.

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Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common disease in otolaryngology characterized by an inflammatory reaction of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract caused by digestive refluxate enzymes. LPR has been identified as the etiological or favoring factor of laryngeal, oral, sinonasal, or otological diseases. In this case series, we reported the atypical clinical presentation of LPR in patients presenting in our clinic with reflux. Methods: A retrospective medical chart review of 351 patients with LPR treated in the European Reflux Clinic in Brussels, Poitiers and Paris was performed. In order to be included, patients had to report an atypical clinical presentation of LPR, consisting of symptoms or findings that are not described in the reflux symptom score and reflux sign assessment. The LPR diagnosis was confirmed with a 24 h hypopharyngeal-esophageal impedance pH study, and patients were treated with a combination of diet, proton pump inhibitors, and alginates. The atypical symptoms or findings had to be resolved from pre- to posttreatment. Results: From 2017 to 2021, 21 patients with atypical LPR were treated in our center. The clinical presentation consisted of recurrent aphthosis or burning mouth (N = 9), recurrent burps and abdominal disorders (N = 2), posterior nasal obstruction (N = 2), recurrent acute suppurative otitis media (N = 2), severe vocal fold dysplasia (N = 2), and recurrent acute rhinopharyngitis (N = 1), tearing (N = 1), aspirations (N = 1), or tracheobronchitis (N = 1). Abnormal upper aerodigestive tract reflux events were identified in all of these patients. Atypical clinical findings resolved and did not recur after an adequate antireflux treatment. Conclusion: LPR may present with various clinical presentations, including mouth, eye, tracheobronchial, nasal, or laryngeal findings, which may all regress with adequate treatment. Future studies are needed to better specify the relationship between LPR and these atypical findings through analyses identifying gastroduodenal enzymes in the inflamed tissue.
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Daqrouq, Khaled, Abdel-Rahman Al-Qawasmi, Ahmed Balamesh, Ali S. Alghamdi, and Mohamed A. Al-Amoudi. "The Use of Arabic Vowels to Model the Pathological Effect of Influenza Disease by Wavelets." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2019 (December 4, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4198462.

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Speech parameters may include perturbation measurements, spectral and cepstral modeling, and pathological effects of some diseases, like influenza, that affect the vocal tract. The verification task is a very good process to discriminate between different types of voice disorder. This study investigated the modeling of influenza’s pathological effects on the speech signals of the Arabic vowels “A” and “O.” For feature extraction, linear prediction coding (LPC) of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) subsignals denoted by LPCW was used. k-Nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were used for classification. To study the pathological effects of influenza on the vowel “A” and vowel “O,” power spectral density (PSD) and spectrogram were illustrated, where the PSD of “A” and “O” was repressed as a result of the pathological effects. The obtained results showed that the verification parameters achieved for the vowel “A” were better than those for vowel “O” for both KNN and SVM for an average. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for interpretation. The modeling by the speech utterances as words was also investigated. We can claim that the speech utterances as words could model the influenza disease with a good quality of the verification parameters with slightly less performance than the vowels “A” as speech utterances. A comparison with state-of-the-art method was made. The best results were achieved by the LPCW method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Chytil, Pavel. "Detekce nemocí pomocí analýzy hlasu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233419.

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Tato disertační práce je zaměřena na analýzu řečového signálu za učelem detekce nemocí ovlivňujících strukturu hlasových orgánů, obzvláště těch, které mění strukturální character hlasivek. Poskytnut je přehled současných technik. Dále jsou popsány zdroje použitých nahrávek pro zdravé a nemocné mlučí. Hlavním učelem této disertační práce je popsat vypočetní postup k odhadu parametrů modelu hlasového zdroje, které umožní následnou detekci a klasifikaci nemocí hlasivek. Poskytujeme detailní popis analýzy řečových signálů, které mohou být odvozeny z parametrických modelů hlasivek.
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Wee, Keng Hoong. "An analog VLSI vocal tract." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43053.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-168).
Increasingly, circuit models of biology are being used to improve performance in engineering systems. For example, silicon-cochlea-like models have led to improved speech recognition in noise and low-power cochlear-implant processors for the deaf. A promising approach to improve the naturalness of synthetic speech is to exploit bioinspired models of speech production with low bit-rate control parameters. In this work, we present the first experimental integrated-circuit vocal tract by mapping fluid volume velocity to current, fluid pressure to voltage, and linear and nonlinear mechanical impedances to linear and nonlinear electrical impedances. The 275 jW analog vocal tract chip can be used with auditory processors in a feedback speech locked loop to implement speech recognition that is potentially robust in noise. Our use of a physiological model of the human vocal tract enables the analog vocal tract chip to synthesize speech signals of interest, using articulatory parameters that are intrinsically compact and linearly interpolatable. Previous attempts that take advantage of the powerful analysis-by-synthesis method employed computationally expensive approaches to articulatory synthesis using digital computation. Our strategy uses an analog vocal tract to drastically reduce power consumption, enables real-time performance and could be useful in portable speech processing systems of moderate complexity, e.g., in cell phones, digital assistants and bionic speech-prosthesis systems.
by Keng Hoong Wee.
Ph.D.
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ITAKURA, Fumitada, Kazuya TAKEDA, and Hani C. YEHIA. "An Acoustically Oriented Vocal-Tract Model." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15049.

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Chen, Jer-Ming Physics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Vocal tract interactions in woodwind performance." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Physics, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44626.

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How important is the player???s vocal tract in clarinet and saxophone performance? Acoustician???s opinions have ranged from ???negligible??? [Backus (1985), JASA 78, 17] to ???vocal tract resonance frequencies must match the frequency of the required notes??? [Clinch et al. (1982), Acustica 50, 280]. Musicians??? opinions are similarly varied. To understand how the tract-reed-bore system interacts, acoustical measurements of performers??? vocal tracts during playing were made using measurement heads mounted in the mouthpieces of a clarinet and a tenor saxophone. Acoustic impedance spectra of the tenor and soprano saxophone bores were also measured for all standard fingerings, and some others. For fingerings high in the tenor saxophone???s second register, bore impedance peaks downstream decrease with increasing pitch. Above the first 2.7 octaves, peak values fall below 30 MPa.s.m-3 and this ends the standard range available to amateurs. To play the higher altissimo notes, experts produced strong vocal tract resonances upstream with impedances 10-40 MPa.s.m-3 tuned to sound the desired note. While expert saxophonists adjust their vocal tract thus for altissimo playing, inexperienced players do not, and consequently cannot produce these notes. The smoothly rising clarinet glissando solo opening Gershwin???s Rhapsody in Blue was also investigated. Partially uncovering an open finger-hole smoothly raises clarinet resonances in the lower register, allowing continuous increases in playing pitch. When pitch bending in the second (clarino) register, experienced players produced strong tract resonances with impedances up to 60 MPa.s.m-3, comparable in magnitude with those of the clarinet bore (40-50 MPa.s.m-3). Thus during the glissando, sounding pitch is controlled by smoothly varying a strong resonance in the player???s vocal tract. The phase of the reed impedance is shown to make downwards pitch bending easier than upwards. Similar vocal tract adjustments were observed on the clarinet and saxophone for other advanced techniques such as bugling and multiphonic selection. During normal playing, although experienced players produced vocal tract impedance peaks with only moderate magnitude, these peaks were adjusted systematically to frequencies about 150 Hz higher than the sounding pitch (determined by strong bore resonances). This strategy may avoid the effects of small unwanted tract-bore interactions on sounding pitch.
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Benkrid, A. "Real time TLM vocal tract modelling." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.352958.

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Pastel, Leah Marie Pfeifer. "Turbulent noise sources in vocal tract models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14724.

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Thesis (Elec. E. and M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1988.
Bibliography: leaves 108-110.
by Leah Marie Pfeifer Paste.
Elec.E.and M.S.
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Blandin, Rémi. "Theoretical and experimental study of vocal tract acoustics." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT102/document.

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L'acoustique du conduit vocal est souvent décrite avec de simples modèles ondes planes à une dimension. Cependant, cela n'est pas satisfaisant quand à haute fréquence (à partir d'environ 5 kHz) des variations tridimensionnelles du champ acoustique sont présentes. La théorie acoustique multimodale a été implémentée pour prendre en compte les aspects tridimensionnels de l'acoustique du conduit vocal.Un système expérimental a été conçu pour mesurer avec précision des fonctions de transfert, des champs de pression et des diagrammes de directivité sur des maquettes de conduits vocaux. Les données expérimentales obtenues ont été comparées avec les simulations réalisées avec la théorie implémentée et avec la méthode des éléments finis. Le champ acoustique tridimensionnel et les diagrammes de directivité ont été prédit avec succès par les deux méthodes de simulation. Il a été observé que la propagation de mode acoustique d'ordre supérieur induit des variations tridimensionnelles du champ acoustique, génère des antirésonances et des résonances additionnelles et affecte la directivité du son rayonné de façon significative. L'excentricité de la forme du conduit vocal apparaît comme critique pour l'excitation et la propagation des modes d'ordre supérieur.Il est conclu qu'à haute fréquence (au-delà de 5 kHz), la fonction de transfert du conduit vocal peut avoir des variations significatives dans des intervalles de fréquences petit (de l'ordre de 100 Hz) et dans des régions angulaires restreintes (de l'ordre de 30°) qui nécessitent d'être prise en compte dans les études de la parole qui se focalisent sur les hautes fréquences
The vocal tract acoustics is often described witha simple one dimensional plane wave approach.However, this is not satisfying when at high frequency(from about 5 kHz) three dimensional variations ofthe acoustic fieldare present. The multimodal acoustic theory has beenimplemented in order to account for the threedimensional aspects ofthe vocal tract acoustics.An experimental setup has been designed to measure accuratelytransfer functions, pressure field maps and directivitypatterns of vocal tract replicas.The experimental data obtained have been compared withsimulations performed with the implemented theory andwith a finite element method.The three dimensional acoustic fields and the directivitypatterns were successfully predicted by both simulationmethods.It has been observed that the propagation of higher orderacoustical modes, induces three dimensional variations ofthe acoustic field, generates anti-resonances andadditional resonances, and significantly affects the directivityof the radiated sound.The eccentricity of thevocal tract shape appears as critical for the excitation and thepropagation of the higher order acoustical modes.It is concluded thatat high frequency (above 5 kHz), the transfer functionof the vocal tract can have significant variationswithin short frequency intervals (of the order of 100Hz) and within small angular regions (of the order of30°) which need to be taken into account inthe studies of speech which focus on high frequencies
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Shiga, Yoshinori. "Precise estimation of vocal tract and voice source characteristics." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/940.

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This thesis addresses the problem of quality degradation in speech produced by parameter-based speech synthesis, within the framework of an articulatory-acoustic forward mapping. I first investigate current problems in speech parameterisation, and point out the fact that conventional parameterisation inaccurately extracts the vocal tract response due to interference from the harmonic structure of voiced speech. To overcome this problem, I introduce a method for estimating filter responses more precisely from periodic signals. The method achieves such estimation in the frequency domain by approximating all the harmonics observed in several frames based on a least squares criterion. It is shown that the proposed method is capable of estimating the response more accurately than widely-used frame-by-frame parameterisation, for simulations using synthetic speech and for an articulatory-acoustic mapping using actual speech. I also deal with the source-filter separation problem and independent control of the voice source characteristic during speech synthesis. I propose a statistical approach to separating out the vocal-tract filter response from the voice source characteristic using a large articulatory database. The approach realises such separation for voiced speech using an iterative approximation procedure under the assumption that the speech production process is a linear system composed of a voice source and a vocal-tract filter, and that each of the components is controlled independently by different sets of factors. Experimental results show that controlling the source characteristic greatly improves the accuracy of the articulatory-acoustic mapping, and that the spectral variation of the source characteristic is evidently influenced by the fundamental frequency or the power of speech. The thesis provides more accurate acoustical approximation of the vocal tract response, which will be beneficial in a wide range of speech technologies, and lays the groundwork in speech science for a new type of corpus-based statistical solution to the source-filter separation problem.
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Pruthi, Tarun. "Analysis, vocal-tract modeling, and automatic detection of vowel nasalization." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/4273.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.
Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Clegg, Margaret. "The comparative anatomy and evolution of the human vocal tract." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271140.

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Books on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Andersson, Karl-Erik, and Martin C. Michel. Urinary Tract. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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E, Mills Stacey, ed. Genitourinary tract pathology. New York: Gower Medical Pub., 1993.

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B, Athavale V. Diseases of respiratory tract: Ayurvedic concept. Delhi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 2001.

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The human vocal tract: Anatomy, function, development, and evolution. New York: Vantage Press, 1987.

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1943-, Gibbs Ronald S., ed. Infectious diseases of the female genital tract. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1990.

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1943-, Gibbs Ronald S., ed. Infectious diseases of the female genital tract. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1995.

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1943-, Gibbs Ronald S., ed. Infectious diseases of the female genital tract. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.

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1943-, Gibbs Ronald S., ed. Infectious diseases of the female genital tract. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1985.

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Spitzer, Adrian, and Ellis D. Avner, eds. Inheritance of Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1603-9.

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Sherlock, Sheila. Diseases of the liver and biliary system. 8th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Carmona-Duarte, Cristina, Réjean Plamondon, Pedro Gómez-Vilda, Miguel A. Ferrer, Jesús B. Alonso, and Ana Rita M. Londral. "Application of the Lognormal Model to the Vocal Tract Movement to Detect Neurological Diseases in Voice." In Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare 2016, 25–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39687-3_3.

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Vikas, Deepak, P. K. Verma, and R. K. Sharma. "A Study on Vocal Tract Shape Estimation and Modelling of Vocal Tract." In Computing Algorithms with Applications in Engineering, 229–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2369-4_20.

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Brooks, D., and E. M. Dunbar. "Respiratory Tract Infections." In Infectious Diseases, 42–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4133-5_4.

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Brooks, D., and E. M. Dunbar. "Urinary Tract Infection." In Infectious Diseases, 70–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4133-5_5.

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Krothapalli, Sreenivasa Rao, and Shashidhar G. Koolagudi. "Emotion Recognition Using Vocal Tract Information." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 67–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5143-3_4.

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Chougule, Sharada Vikram. "Analyzing Vocal Tract Parameters of Speech." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 369–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8391-9_27.

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Schmeltzer, Linda E., and Gary D. Norsworthy. "Urinary Tract Diseases." In Nursing the Feline Patient, 213–18. Ames, Iowa, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119264910.ch30.

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Coogan, Christopher L. "Urinary Tract Infections." In Common Surgical Diseases, 333–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2945-0_76.

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Zheng, Nengheng, Ning Wang, Tan Lee, and P. C. Ching. "Speaker Verification Using Complementary Information from Vocal Source and Vocal Tract." In Chinese Spoken Language Processing, 518–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11939993_54.

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Kawakami, Yuta, Longbiao Wang, Atsuhiko Kai, and Seiichi Nakagawa. "Speaker Identification by Combining Various Vocal Tract and Vocal Source Features." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 382–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10816-2_46.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Tameem, Hussain Z., and Bhavin V. Mehta. "Human Vocal Tract Modeling and Geometric Parameterization." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59662.

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This investigation uses a multi disciplinary approach to standardize a non-invasive method for measuring human vocal tract morphology. A series of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans are performed on the subject’s vocal tract and a detailed three-dimensional model is created through image processing and computer modeling. This information is compared with the vocal tract measurements obtained with Eccovision Acoustic Pharyngometer, in order to establish the accuracy of the instrument. The model is then used to develop other specific models through parametric modeling. This method is useful in creating solid models with limited geometrical information and helps researchers study the human vocal tract changes due to aging and degenerative diseases.
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Erath, Byron D., Matías Zañartu, Sean D. Peterson, and Michael W. Plesniak. "Nonlinear Vocal Fold Dynamics in a Two-Mass Model of Speech Arising From Asymmetric Intraglottal Flow." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53952.

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Voiced speech is initiated as air is expelled from the lungs and passes through the vocal tract inciting self-sustained oscillations of the vocal folds. While various approaches exist for investigating both normal and pathological speech, the relative inaccessibility of the vocal folds make multi-mass speech models an attractive alternative. Their behavior has been benchmarked with excised larynx experiments, and they have been used as analysis tools for both normal and disordered speech, including investigations of paralysis, vocal tremor, and breathiness. However, during pathological speech, vocal fold motion is often unstructured, resulting in chaotic motion and a wealth of nonlinear phenomena. Unfortunately, current methodologies for multi-mass speech models are unable to replicate the nonlinear vocal fold behavior that often occurs in physiological diseased voice for realistic values of subglottal pressure.
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Bhattacharjee, Tanuka, Jhansi Mallela, Yamini Belur, Nalini Atchayaram, Ravi Yadav, Pradeep Reddy, Dipanjan Gope, and Prasanta Kumar Ghosh. "Source and Vocal Tract Cues for Speech-Based Classification of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Healthy Subjects." In Interspeech 2021. ISCA: ISCA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2021-2008.

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Hisashi Kanda, Tetsuya Ogata, Kazunori Komatani, and Hiroshi G. Okuno. "Vocal imitation using physical vocal tract model." In 2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2007.4399137.

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Ciota, Zygmunt, Malgorzata Napieralska, and Andrzej Napieralski. "Modeling of Vocal Tract." In 2006 1st Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information and Computing Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bimnics.2006.361794.

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Ciota, Zygmunt, Małgorzata Napieralska, and Andrzej Napieralski. "Modeling of vocal tract." In the 1st international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1315843.1315870.

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Keng Hoong Wee, Lorenzo Turicchia, and Rahul Sarpeshkar. "An analog bionic vocal tract." In 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2008.4696929.

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Watson, Catherine I. "Mappings between vocal tract area functions, vocal tract resonances and speech formants for multiple speakers." In Interspeech 2014. ISCA: ISCA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-454.

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Blaylock, Reed, Nimisha Patil, Timothy Greer, and Shrikanth S. Narayanan. "Sounds of the Human Vocal Tract." In Interspeech 2017. ISCA: ISCA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2017-1631.

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Ziółko, Mariusz, Mariusz Mąsior, Bartosz Ziółko, and Magdalena Igras. "Vocal Tract Normalisation in Computer Games." In Computer Graphics and Imaging. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2013.798-063.

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Reports on the topic "Diseases of vocal tract"

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Zhan, Puming, and Alex Waibel. Vocal Tract Length Normalization for Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada333514.

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Rahai, Hamid, and Jeremy Bonifacio. Numerical Investigations of Virus Transport Aboard a Commuter Bus. Mineta Transportation Institute, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2048.

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The authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of virus/particle transport released from a hypothetical passenger aboard a commuter bus. The bus model was sized according to a typical city bus used to transport passengers within the city of Long Beach in California. The simulations were performed for the bus in transit and when the bus was at a bus stop opening the middle doors for 30 seconds for passenger boarding and drop off. The infected passenger was sitting in an aisle seat in the middle of the bus, releasing 1267 particles (viruses)/min. The bus ventilation system released air from two linear slots in the ceiling at 2097 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and the air was exhausted at the back of the bus. Results indicated high exposure for passengers sitting behind the infectious during the bus transit. With air exchange outside during the bus stop, particles were spread to seats in front of the infectious passenger, thus increasing the risk of infection for the passengers sitting in front of the infectious person. With higher exposure time, the risk of infection is increased. One of the most important factors in assessing infection risk of respiratory diseases is the spatial distribution of the airborne pathogens. The deposition of the particles/viruses within the human respiratory system depends on the size, shape, and weight of the virus, the morphology of the respiratory tract, as well as the subject’s breathing pattern. For the current investigation, the viruses are modeled as solid particles of fixed size. While the results provide details of particles transport within a bus along with the probable risk of infection for a short duration, however, these results should be taken as preliminary as there are other significant factors such as the virus’s survival rate, the size distribution of the virus, and the space ventilation rate and mixing that contribute to the risk of infection and have not been taken into account in this investigation.
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Vocal Tract Visualization and Imaging. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/policy.ks1992-00087.

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Vocal Tract Visualization and Imaging: Position Statement. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/policy.ps2004-00121.

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Vocal Tract Visualization and Imaging: Technical Report. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/policy.tr2004-00156.

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Knowledge and Skills for Speech-Language Pathologists With Respect to Vocal Tract Visualization and Imaging. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/policy.ks2004-00071.

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