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Journal articles on the topic 'Disinfectant contact time'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

JEAN, J., J. F. VACHON, O. MORONI, A. DARVEAU, I. KUKAVICA-IBRULJ, and I. FLISS. "Effectiveness of Commercial Disinfectants for Inactivating Hepatitis A Virus on Agri-Food Surfaces." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 1 (2003): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.1.115.

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Six commercial disinfectants were tested for their efficacy in inactivating hepatitis A virus in solution or attached to agri-food surfaces. Disinfectant I contains 10% quaternary ammonium plus 5% glutaraldehyde;disinfectant II contains 12% sodium hypochlorite; disinfectant III contains 2.9% dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid plus 16% phosphoric acid; disinfectant IV contains 10% quaternary ammonium; disinfectant V contains 2% iodide; and disinfectant VI contains 2% stabilized chlorine dioxide. Among these, disinfectants I and II were shown to be the most effective in inactivating hepatitis A virus

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Izquierdo-García, Luisa F., Sandra L. Carmona, Paola Zuluaga, et al. "Efficacy of Disinfectants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Isolated from La Guajira, Colombia." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 4 (2021): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7040297.

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Banana, the main export fruit for Colombia, is threatened by Fusarium wilt (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), tropical race 4 (TR4). Pathogen containment through disinfecting tools, machinery, shoes, and any means that may carry contaminated soil particles with proper disinfectants is at the forefront of disease management. In this study, the biocide efficacy of 10 commercial quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) products and one based on glutaraldehyde (GA) were evaluated on both reproductive structures (microconidia and macroconidia) and survival spores (chlamydospores)

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Boyce, John M. "Alcohols as Surface Disinfectants in Healthcare Settings." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 3 (2018): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.301.

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Isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol have been used as low-level disinfectants in healthcare settings for many years. Recent studies have found that ethyl alcohol inhibits protein synthesis in Escherichia coli by direct effects on ribosomes and RNA polymerase and that 60%–70% solutions have in vitro efficacy against murine norovirus, Ebola virus, and several coronaviruses. Alcohol prep pads or towelettes containing isopropyl or ethyl alcohol and water have been used primarily for disinfection of small noncritical items due to a concern regarding their rapid evaporation rates and associated shor

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Kamal, Mohamed Abdelhameed, Mahmoud Abdelaty Khalaf, Zakia Attia Mohamed Ahmed, and Jakeen El Jakee. "Evaluation of the efficacy of commonly used disinfectants against isolated chlorine-resistant strains from drinking water used in Egyptian cattle farms." December-2019 12, no. 12 (2019): 2025–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.2025-2035.

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Background and Aim: Drinking water of poor microbiological quality contains high percentages of microbes causing outbreaks of mainly coliform-related diseases. These microbes could be controlled by many hygienic standards including disinfection, but disinfectants misuse causes the developing of disinfectant-resistant strains. The present study aimed to investigate drinking water bacterial profile, determine chlorine-resistant strains, and statistically correlate that with the used disinfectant and disinfection process variables. In vitro evaluation of the bactericidal effect of the most common

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Kawamura, Kiyoshi, Mitsumi Kaneko, Tsuyoshi Hirata, and Katsuhisa Taguchi. "Microbial Indicators for the Efficiency of Disinfection Processes." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 10 (1986): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0127.

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Fundamental studies have been conducted to find new microbial indicators for the effective inactivation of micro-organisms resistant to disinfectants and UV irradiation. Escherichiacoli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcusaureus, Candidatropicalis and spore-forming bacteria (isolated from sewage) were exposed to free chlorine or free ozone at concentrations in the range 10−2 to 100 mg/l, and 253.7 nm UV at light intensity levels of 101 to 103µW/cm2. For all disinfectants examined, the relation cn·t = const., where c is the disinfectant concentration and t the contact time for 99% reduction

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Rand, Jennie L., Gordon Shupe, and Graham A. Gagnon. "Synergistic Benefits Between Ultraviolt Light and Chlorine-Based Disinfectants for the Inactivation of Escherichia coli." Water Quality Research Journal 43, no. 1 (2008): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2008.008.

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Abstract Ultraviolet light is increasing in popularity as a primary disinfectant in drinking water treatment because of its effectiveness against chlorine-resistant pathogens and lack of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Previous bench-scale studies have shown that there are possibly synergistic benefits in reducing heterotrophic bacteria when ultraviolet (UV) light is coupled with chlorine (Cl2) or monochloramine (NH2Cl). Additional experiments have demonstrated that synergy exists between various disinfectants in controlling numerous bacteria, viruses, and protozoan. Few studies, to d

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Kennedy, MA, VS Mellon, G. Caldwell, and LN Potgieter. "Virucidal efficacy of the newer quaternary ammonium compounds." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 31, no. 3 (1995): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-31-3-254.

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The virucidal activity of several disinfectants containing newer generation quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) as their active ingredients was evaluated. Disinfectants were used at the manufacturers' recommended dilutions with isolates of feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, and canine parvovirus, and a contact time of 10 minutes at room temperature. Detoxification of virus/disinfectant solutions was done by dialysis prior to virus assay in cell cultures. Two of four disinfectants completely inactivated feline herpesvirus, and two significantly reduced the titer of this virus. None of the

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Silverman, Jan, Jose A. Vazquez, Jack D. Sobel, and Marcus J. Zervos. "Comparative in Vitro Activity of Antiseptics and Disinfectants Versus Clinical Isolates ofCandida Species." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 20, no. 10 (1999): 676–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501564.

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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the in vitro activity of antiseptics and detergents againstCandida.Design:One strain each ofCandida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida lusitaniae, Candida parapsilosis, Candida kefyr, Candida glabrata,and an American Type Culture Collection strain ofEscherichia coli(control) were studied. Clinical isolates were obtained from patients in a bone marrow unit of a large tertiary hospital. Antiseptic and disinfectant agents studied were used in the hospital where isolates were identified for cleaning of inanimate surfaces or hand washing. In vitro susceptibility was

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Thaweboon, Sroisiri, Boonyanit Thaweboon, Plang Ngern Saksit, Passiri Nisalak, and Rattiporn Kaypetch. "Type IV Dental Stone Incorporated with Antimicrobial Agents and its Physical Properties." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.292.

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Contamination of dental casts can occur via direct contact with impression materials that are contaminated by patients fluids. Thus, the development of dental stone with antimicrobial activity to reduce cross-contamination between patients and laboratory personnel is needed. This study aims to evaluate the influence of incorporation of disinfectants into type IV dental stone on its antimicrobial activities and physical properties such as setting time and dry compressive strength. Type IV dental stone incorporated with 4 types of disinfectants; Diamond Rock D (3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate),

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Haq, Muhammed Fawwaz, Lucas Jones, Natalia Pinto Herrera, Jennifer Cadnum, Philip Carling, and Curtis Donskey. "Comparison of Two Novel Methods for Sink Drain Disinfection." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (2020): s180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.712.

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Background: Sink drainage systems are a potential reservoir for the dissemination of gram-negative bacilli but are not amenable to standard methods of cleaning and disinfection. Pouring liquid disinfectants down drains has only a limited and transient effect on drain colonization, presumably due to inadequate disinfectant contact time and suboptimal penetration into areas harboring biofilm-associated organisms. Methods: We compared the antimicrobial efficacy of 2 novel sink disinfection methods intended to enhance disinfectant contact time and penetration. Healthcare facility sinks were random

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Kumar, Jessica, Jennifer Cadnum, Y. Karen Ng Wong, Thriveen Sankar Chittoor Mana, Heba Alhmidi, and Curtis Donskey. "1222. Are Reduced Concentrations of Chlorine-Based Disinfectants Effective Against Candida auris?" Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1085.

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Abstract Background Currently, sporicidal disinfectants such as bleach are recommended for daily and terminal disinfection of the rooms of patients with Candida auris colonization and/or infection. However, bleach and other chlorine-based disinfectants can have adverse effects on surfaces and personnel. Disinfectant solutions with reduced chlorine concentrations are commonly used for other pathogens, but it is not known if diluted or alternative products maintain efficacy against C. auris both in vitro and in vivo. Methods We tested the efficacy of different concentrations of a sodium dichloro

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AMOAKO, KINGSLEY K., KRISTINA SANTIAGO-MATEO, MICHAEL J. SHIELDS, and ELIZABETH ROHONCZY. "Bacillus anthracis Spore Decontamination in Food Grease." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 4 (2013): 699–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-291.

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Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain spores were analyzed for their resistance against five disinfectants: commercial sodium hypochlorite, Spor-Klenz Ready-to-Use Cold Sterilant, Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP), Virkon, and Surface Decontamination Foam (SDF). The aim of this study was to find an effective disinfectant that would reduce the viability of B. anthracis Sterne spores at ≥6 log in the presence of variables such as animal grease and fat, stainless steel, and temperature (room temperature and 4°C). SDF and 10%sodium hypochlorite consistently reduced the growth of viable B. anthracis S

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Rahman, Erwid Fatchur, Bambang Dwirahardjo, and Poerwati Soetji Rahajoe. "Effects of contact time of natural cu-zeolite on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 6, no. 1 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.40566.

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Infection of a surgical wound due to bacteria is a major problem for surgical patients. Cu-zeolite is a material that can suppress bacterial growth with reversible cation characteristics and adsorption to be developed into non-toxic disinfectants for humans. Packaging uses filter paper to keep disinfectant solutions or instruments that will be sterilized clean. This study aimed to observe the effects of contact time of natural Cu-zeolite on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria. An experimental research was simple randomized desi

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Moriello, Karen A. "Kennel Disinfectants forMicrosporum canisandTrichophytonsp." Veterinary Medicine International 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/853937.

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The antifungal efficacy of commonly used kennel disinfectants for large surfaces was tested using naturally infective material from untreated animals (M. canisandTrichophytonsp.) soaked and macerated but unfiltered leaving visible fluorescing hairs and/or scales in the test inoculum to create a robust challenge. Disinfectants included sodium hypochlorite (1 : 32 and 1 : 100), enilconazole (1 : 100), accelerated hydrogen peroxide (1 : 16), potassium peroxymonosulfate (1% and 2%), and calcium hypochlorite “dry bleach.” Disinfectants were tested at a 1 : 10, 1 : 5, and 1 : 1 dilution of test inoc

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Tyski, Stefan, Wanda Grzybowska, and Ewa Bocian. "Application of EN 16615 (4-Field Test) for the Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Selected Commercial and Self-Made Disinfectant Wipes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (2021): 5932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115932.

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The purpose of disinfectants is to reduce microorganisms on a contaminated surface and to prevent the spread of microorganisms. The relatively new EN 16615 simulates disinfection by wiping and allows for assessing the recovery of microorganisms from the surface and, importantly, the degree of spread of microorganisms when the surface is disinfected by wiping. For the first time, using this standard, the tested products in the form of commercial disinfectant wipes were compared with self-made wipes soaked in respective disinfectant liquids. The disinfected surfaces were simulated by homogeneous

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Cayanan, Diane Feliciano, Ping Zhang, Weizhong Liu, Mike Dixon, and Youbin Zheng. "Efficacy of Chlorine in Controlling Five Common Plant Pathogens." HortScience 44, no. 1 (2009): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.1.157.

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Recycled irrigation water is one of the major sources of inoculum and may spread plant pathogens throughout the nursery or greenhouse operation. Chlorination is the most economical method of disinfecting water and has been adopted by some North American commercial growers. However, chlorine has not been assessed as a disinfectant for the common plant pathogens Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora cactorum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani. These pathogens were exposed to five different initially free chlorine solution concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 14 mg·L

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Chylkova, Tereza, Myrna Cadena, Aura Ferreiro, and Maurice Pitesky. "Susceptibility of Salmonella Biofilm and Planktonic Bacteria to Common Disinfectant Agents Used in Poultry Processing." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 7 (2017): 1072–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-393.

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ABSTRACT Poultry contaminated with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica are a major cause of zoonotic foodborne gastroenteritis. Salmonella Heidelberg is a common serotype of Salmonella that has been implicated as a foodborne pathogen associated with the consumption of improperly prepared chicken. To better understand the effectiveness of common antimicrobial disinfectants (i.e., peroxyacetic acid [PAA], acidified hypochlorite [aCH], and cetylpyridinium chloride [CPC]), environmental isolates of nontyphoidal Salmonella were exposed to these agents under temperature, concentration, and contact t

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Jones, Lucas D., Jennifer Cadnum, Thriveen Sankar Chittoor Mana, Annette Jencson, and Curtis Donskey. "1226. Application of a Foam Disinfectant Enhances Sink Drain Decontamination in Hospital Sinks." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S440—S441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1089.

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Abstract Background Sink drainage systems are a potential reservoir for the dissemination of pathogens in healthcare facilities. Pouring of liquid disinfectants down drains may have limited efficacy due to inadequate contact time and suboptimal penetration into areas harboring biofilm-associated organisms. We hypothesized that a foam application of a disinfectant would enhance sink drain decontamination in comparison to pouring of the same disinfectant. Methods We compared the antimicrobial efficacy of 300 mL of a hydrogen peroxide-based liquid disinfectant applied to sink drainage systems (N

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Luzar, Mary Anne, Alain Slingeneyer, Alberto Cantaluppi, and Francesco P. Peluso. "In Vitro Study of the Flush Effect in Two Reusable Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Disconnect Systems." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 9, no. 3 (1989): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686088900900306.

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Previously published in vitro results, confirmed by clinical studies, indicate that the use of a flush significantly reduces peritonitis in single-use and reusable continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) systems. Since reusable systems may use the flush plus inline disinfectant between exchanges, the question remains as to whether or not the flush could be used alone in all disconnect systems. Using an in vitro model, we evaluated the flush in two reusable disconnect systems that use both flush and disinfectant in vivo. In a series of twenty sets per organism per incubation (0 h and 1

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Rajala-Mustonen, Ritva L., and Helvi Heinonen-Tanski. "Effect of advanced oxidation processes on inactivation of coliphages." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (1995): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0581.

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Chlorine and its derivatives are no longer regarded as acceptable disinfectants of water because of compounds they form with organic material in water. These compounds have been proved to be mutagenic and carcinogenic to man. Alternative disinfectants like UV radiation and ozonization are regarded as less harmful disinfectants of microorganisms in water. In the present study the effect of UV radiation alone and together with hydrogen peroxide, and ozone treatment on the inactivation of coliphages in tap water were studied. Two phage types, DNA- and RNA-phages were seeded into tap water and exp

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Poschetto, Lorenza Ferrero, Anthony Ike, Tibor Papp, Ulrich Mohn, Reinhard Böhm, and Rachel E. Marschang. "Comparison of the Sensitivities of Noroviruses and Feline Calicivirus to Chemical Disinfection under Field-Like Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 17 (2007): 5494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00482-07.

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ABSTRACT Noroviruses (NV), in the family Caliciviridae, are an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Measures for prevention and control of NV dissemination are therefore necessary to ensure public safety. The abilities of an organic acid (Venno Vet 1 Super), an aldehyde (Venno FF Super), a halogen compound (sodium hypochlorite solution), and a peroxide (Oxystrong FG) to inactivate feline calicivirus (FCV), a cultivable virus surrogate for NV, were studied. Molecular protocols were then used for the comparative evaluation of disinfectant efficacies against NV and FCV, which w

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Fikri, Elanda, Nanny Djuhriah, and Neneng Hanurawaty. "Study on the utilization of electrocoagulation concept as a disinfectant substitute in hospital wastewater." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 30, no. 2 (2021): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2021.30.2.22.

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The purpose of this study is to identify differences in variations of contact time and number of electrode plates in electrocoagulation process on the decrease of total Coliforms in Bandung City hospital wastewater. An experimental research with factorial randomized design. The volume of wastewater sample to check the total Coliforms was a minimum of 100 ml, using 3 treatments and 6 repetitions. Data analysis used was two-way ANOVA test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the number of plates (p = 0.269), contact time (p = 0.537), and the number of plates and c

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Mahmoudi, Ebrahim, and Farid Moeinpour. "Performance of silver-coated red soil nanocomposites in water disinfection." Water Quality Research Journal 54, no. 1 (2018): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2018.021.

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Abstract The present research studied the anti-bacterial effect of silver-coated red soil nanoparticles on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) from water. The effects of disinfectant concentration (0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 g/mL), contact time (10, 20 and 30 minutes) and bacteria number (102, 104 and 106 CFU/mL) have been also investigated. To obtain important factors, the interactions between factors and optimal experimental design in surface response method were used based on Box-Behnken design. According to the research findings, the system is efficient in eliminating E. coli. The re

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Bichai, Françoise, and Benoit Barbeau. "Assessing the Disinfecting Power of Chlorite in Drinking Water." Water Quality Research Journal 41, no. 4 (2006): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2006.041.

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Abstract The goal of this study was to review and confirm experimentally chlorite effectiveness as a drinking water disinfectant. The steps in the experiment were a series of laboratory assays performed on three types of microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis spores, MS2 coliphages, as well as heterotrophic (HPC) bacteria, to verify chlorite action in water. The tests showed that chlorites have no disinfectant effect on B. subtilis spores (CT &gt; 106 mg min/L), that they slightly decrease HPC bacterial regrowth and, finally, that a dose of 1 and 10 mg ClO2-/L can inactivate almost 2 log and 4.

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Farré, M. J., K. Doederer, W. Gernjak, Y. Poussade, and H. Weinberg. "Disinfection by-products management in high quality recycled water." Water Supply 12, no. 5 (2012): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.031.

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During the production of high quality recycled water (HQRW) by means of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filtration, chloramines (used to avoid biofouling) can generate disinfection by-products (DBPs) which could ultimately end up in the product water. This paper compares the fate of DBPs and organic halogen content generated during the production of HQRW under two different disinfection strategies employed prior to RO filtration: (i) in line-formed chloramines with a short contact time between secondary effluent and disinfectant versus (ii) pre-formed chloramines with a long contact time between

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Huang, Cheng, Yongbang Chen, Gang Sun, and Kelu Yan. "Disinfectant Performance of a Chlorine Regenerable Antibacterial Microfiber Fabric as a Reusable Wiper." Materials 12, no. 1 (2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010127.

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Rechargeable disinfectant performance of a microfiber fabric grafted with a halamine precursor, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (ADMH), was tested in an actual use situation in a university student dining hall. The precursor was successfully incorporated onto the surfaces of polyester fibers by using a radical graft polymerization process through a commercial finishing facility. The N–H bonds of ADMH moieties on the fibers can be converted to biocidal N–Cl bonds, when the fabrics are washed in a diluted chlorine bleach containing 3000 ppm available chlorine, providing a refreshable disinfectant

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Fathul Karamah, Eva, and Nafila Wajdi. "Application of ozonated water to maintain the quality of chicken meat: effect of exposure time, temperature, and ozone concentration." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 04044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186704044.

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As an environmentally friendly disinfectant, ozone now is being studied as an alternative to chlorine sanitizers in many segments of the food industry. The use of ozone as a superficial disinfectant of meat surfaces has been reported in the meat industry. Few studies on the use of ozone in chicken meat have been reported. Ozonated water treatments improve the quality and extend the shelf life of chicken meat. This research studied the effect of exposure time (40, 80, and 120 min), temperature contact (3, 26, and 37 °C), and ozone concentration (0.21 and 0.38 mg/l) in the optimization of ozonat

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Wojcicka, Linda, Carole Baxter, and Ron Hofmann. "Impact of Particulate Matter on Distribution System Disinfection Efficacy." Water Quality Research Journal 43, no. 1 (2008): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2008.007.

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Abstract Microorganisms have been shown to survive drinking water disinfection and remain viable in disinfected waters despite the presence of disinfectant residuals. This may be partially attributed to protection by particulate matter. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the presence of particulate matter on disinfection kinetics. Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC 10829 and Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 were used in inactivation experiments in the presence and absence of soil, corrosion, and wastewater particles. The results showed that the presence of such particles tended to

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Slaston, Daria, Olena Kotsur, and Tetiana Fotina. "Study of irritant and toxic effect of SUKHODEZ disinfectant." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine, no. 3 (50) (December 1, 2020): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.3.2.

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The article presents the results of the study of irritant and allergenic action of the disinfectant "Sukhodez" in the laboratory. As a result, we can say that the drug Sukhodez has a weak effect on the degree of response to irritation in mice and rabbits. However, the drug in a single treatment of the premises in the maximum allowable concentration of 60 mg / m3 has a moderately irritating effect on the mucous membranes of animals, which allows it to be classified as hazard class 3. The vast majority of powder disinfectants are of foreign origin. Therefore, the study and development of p

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Sharma, V. K. "Disinfection performance of Fe(VI) in water and wastewater: a review." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 1-2 (2007): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.019.

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Ferrate(VI) [FeVIO2−4, Fe(VI)] has excellent disinfectant properties and can inactivate a wide variety of microorganisms at low Fe(VI) dosages. The final product of Fe(VI) is Fe(III), a non-toxic compound. The treatment by Fe(VI) does not give any chlorination by-products, which makes Fe(VI) an environmentally-friendly ion. The results demonstrate that Fe(VI) can inactivate Escherichia coli (E. coli) at lower dosages or shorter contact time than hypochlorite. Fe(VI) can also kill many chlorine resistant organisms, such as aerobic spore-formers and sulphite-reducing clostridia, and would be hig

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Cho, Min, Yunho Lee, Hyenmi Chung, and Jeyong Yoon. "Inactivation of Escherichia coli by Photochemical Reaction of Ferrioxalate at Slightly Acidic and Near-Neutral pHs." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 2 (2004): 1129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.1129-1134.2004.

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ABSTRACT Fenton chemistry, which is known to play an effective role in degrading toxic chemicals, is difficult to apply to disinfection in water treatment, since its reaction is effective only at the acidic pH of 3. The presence of oxalate ions and UV-visible light, which is known as a photoferrioxalate system, allows the Fe(III) to be dissolved at slightly acidic and near-neutral pHs and maintains the catalytic reaction of iron. This study indicates that the main oxidizing species in the photoferrioxalate system responsible for microorganism inactivation is OH radical. Escherichia coli was us

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Whitehead, Kelly, and Karen A. McCue. "Virucidal efficacy of disinfectant actives against feline calicivirus, a surrogate for norovirus, in a short contact time." American Journal of Infection Control 38, no. 1 (2010): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2009.03.015.

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Kleier, Donald J., and Robert E. Averbach. "Glutaraldehyde Nonbiologic Monitors." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 11, no. 8 (1990): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646205.

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Glutaraldehyde was first synthesized by Harries and Tank in 1908, and first marketed as a chemosterilizer in 1963. Since that time, glutaraldehyde has been used extensively as a disinfectant and chemical sterilizing solution. Even though it is generally agreed that moist heat is the preferred method of sterilization for medical, dental and hospital instruments, glutaraldehyde is a relatively safe, simple-to-use and effective chemical solution that can sterilize heat-sensitive materials.Glutaraldehyde (1,5-pentanedial) has two free aldehyde groups that combine irreversibly with bacterial cell m

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Шкромада, О. І. "ОЦІНКА БАКТЕРИЦИДНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО МЕТАЛОМІСТКОГО ДЕЗІНФЕКТАНТУ". Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, № 3 (27 вересня 2012): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2012.03.24.

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Наведені дані за результатами досліджень бак-терицидної дії комплексного металомісткого дез-інфектанту. Для цього визначали фенольний кое-фіцієнт, який виражає відношення концентраціїрозчинів досліджуваної речовини до концентраціїфенолу, що спричиняють у рівний проміжок часуза однакової температури рівнозначний темпера-турний дезінфікуючий ефект. Також визначалибілковий індекс, показник зниження активностідезінфікуючого засобу в присутності білків. У ре-зультаті досліджень встановлено, що бактери-цидна дія комплексного металомісткого дезінфе-ктанту (КМД) сильніша за бактерицидну дію кар-болово

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Karampoula, Foteini, Efstathios Giaouris, Julien Deschamps, Agapi I. Doulgeraki, George-John E. Nychas, and Florence Dubois-Brissonnet. "Hydrosol of Thymbra capitata Is a Highly Efficient Biocide against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilms." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 17 (2016): 5309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01351-16.

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ABSTRACTSalmonellais recognized as one of the most significant enteric foodborne bacterial pathogens. In recent years, the resistance of pathogens to biocides and other environmental stresses, especially when they are embedded in biofilm structures, has led to the search for and development of novel antimicrobial strategies capable of displaying both high efficiency and safety. In this direction, the aims of the present work were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydrosol of the Mediterranean spiceThymbracapitataagainst both planktonic and biofilm cells ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typ

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Dvorakova, H., J. Prodelalova, and M. Reichelova. "Comparative inactivation of Aujeszky’s disease virus, Porcine teschovirus and Vesicular stomatitis I by chemical disinfectants." Veterinární Medicína 53, No. 5 (2008): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1949-vetmed.

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We tested the germicide activity of 1% Chloramin BM, 1% Incidin Plus, 1% Lysoformin 3000, 0.2% Mikasept KP, and 2% Sekusept Forte against viruses in suspension (suspension test) and dried onto a surface (carrier test). The agents of the porcine encephalomyelitis (<I>Porcine teschovirus</I>, strains CAPM V-86, CAPM V-37), Aujeszky’s disease (strains CAPM V-166, CAPM V-327) and vesicular stomatitis (strains CAPM V-499, CAPM V-331) were used as model viruses. After 30 min contact time in both the suspension and carrier tests, the <I>Porcine teschovirus</I> was 4 lg inactiv

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GIRARD, MARYLINE, SOLANGE NGAZOA, KIRSTEN MATTISON, and JULIE JEAN. "Attachment of Noroviruses to Stainless Steel and Their Inactivation, Using Household Disinfectants." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 2 (2010): 400–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.2.400.

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The aims of this study were (i) to evaluate the impact of pH and relative humidity on the attachment of norovirus (NoV) to fomites and (ii) to evaluate the effectiveness of different household disinfectants on NoV attached to fomites. Plaque assay and/or real-time reverse transcription PCR assay were used to determine the amount of murine and human NoV attached to stainless steel disks, i.e., the amount removed by sonication in elution buffer but not by surface rinses with water only. An enzymatic pretreatment was used for both human and murine NoV before the real-time reverse transcription PC

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Lubbe, Darlene E., and Johannes J. Fagan. "South African survey on disinfection techniques for the flexible nasopharyngoscope." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 117, no. 10 (2003): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503770716269.

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This random survey was to determine the flexible nasopharyngoscope disinfection practice employed by South African otolaryngologists and to establish whether a breach in the disinfection process exists. The study also aimed to identify organisms most likely to be transmitted via endoscopy and to propose a protocol for the disinfection of the flexible nasopharyngoscope.A questionnaire regarding disinfection techniques used for the flexible nasopharyngoscope was sent to 90 otolaryngologists in South Africa. All provinces were equally represented in the survey.Forty-five otolaryngologists out of

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Grindal, Robert J., and David J. Priest. "Automatic application of teat disinfectant through the milking machine cluster." Journal of Dairy Research 56, no. 4 (1989): 579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900029095.

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SummaryAn automatic device, which infuses disinfectant into the mouthpiece of the liner of the milking machine cluster as teatcups are removed, is described. Application at this time avoids any delay in disinfection, reduces the workload in the parlour and increases reliability of application. The teats of 20 cows were contaminated before each milking by immersion in a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae and then disinfected manually or automatically with iodophor after milking. Str. agalactiae was recovered from < 5% of swabs and there was no difference between

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Mantlo, Emily, Tanya Rhodes, Jenny Boutros, Laura Patterson-Fortin, Alex Evans, and Slobodan Paessler. "In vitro efficacy of a copper iodine complex PPE disinfectant for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation." F1000Research 9 (July 3, 2020): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24651.1.

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Background: The ability to protect workers and healthcare professionals from infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of great concern. Hospitals, nursing homes and employers are adopting infection control strategies based on guidance from leading public health organizations such as the CDC, OSHA, FDA, and other government bodies. Certain hard surface disinfectants are effective against SARS-CoV-2 but are not suitable for use on skin or personal protective equipment (PPE) that comes into contact with skin. Furthermore, near-ubiquitous alcohol-based

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Mantlo, Emily, Tanya Rhodes, Jenny Boutros, Laura Patterson-Fortin, Alex Evans, and Slobodan Paessler. "In vitro efficacy of a copper iodine complex PPE disinfectant for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation." F1000Research 9 (October 7, 2020): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24651.2.

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Background: The ability to protect workers and healthcare professionals from infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of great concern. Hospitals, nursing homes and employers are adopting infection control strategies based on guidance from leading public health organizations such as the CDC, OSHA, FDA, and other government bodies. Certain hard surface disinfectants are effective against SARS-CoV-2 but are not suitable for use on skin or personal protective equipment (PPE) that comes into contact with skin. Furthermore, near-ubiquitous alcohol-based

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Sabeti, Zahra, Mahmood Alimohammadi, Samira Yousefzadeh, Hassan Aslani, Maryam Ghani, and Ramin Nabizadeh. "Application of response surface methodology for modeling and optimization of Bacillus subtilis spores inactivation by the UV/persulfate process." Water Supply 17, no. 2 (2016): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2016.139.

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Stronger disinfection techniques are required to inactivate Bacillus subtilis spores as surrogate microorganisms for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. In this study, the effects of UV and persulfate separately and also in combination were investigated on B. subtilis spore inactivation. Central composite design and response surface methodology were used to optimize target microorganism reduction. Contact time, initial pH, and persulfate dosage were considered as input experimental variables. Based on the design of the experiments, first and second order response surface models have been developed

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Boni, Maria Rosaria, Sabrina Copelli, and Massimo Raboni. "Study of the performance of disinfection with sodium hypochlorite on a full-scale sewage treatment plant." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 6 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2652.

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A full-scale sewage treatment plant was investigated to assess the performance of the disinfection stage. Sodium hypochlorite was used as a disinfectant agent and the process efficiency was evaluated by E.coli removal. The research took place over a period of two years in order to evaluate the effect of retention time (t) and residual chlorine (Cr) under different seasonal conditions. The effectiveness of E.coli removal with sodium hypochlorite proved to be strictly dependent on the factor CR t (product of residual chlorine with the contact time). The regression line of the experimental points

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Gerulova, Kristina, Ondrej Tatarka, Tomas Stefko, Zuzana Szabova, and Jozef Fiala. "Effect of Ozone Application to Microbial Contaminated Samples of In-Use Metalworking Fluids." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.277.

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Metalworking fluids are prone to bacterial contamination during the operational time. They are unwanted due their impact on the quality of the fluid, health impact of the microbial toxins, pathogens and degradation products of fluid. Typically bacteria are eliminating by the adding of biocides, which could be also harmless to operators health. Ozone is used as a sterilizing agent in many industrial applications, mostly in water disinfection. Wide varieties of microorganisms can be treated by the ozone. Ozone, a powerful disinfectant, is very efficient to inactivate resistant microorganisms und

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Basson, N., D. Traut, G. Titus, C. vd Walt, and J. Haarhoff. "Investigation into the implementation of chloramination at Sedibeng Water." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (2003): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0109.

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The Balkfontein and Virginia plants of Sedibeng Water, situated in the Free State Province of South Africa, treat water for potable purposes. Chlorine is used as disinfectant at both plants. Low levels of free chlorine measured in the water supplied from some reservoirs, logistics and costs, related to the application of chlorination at various points in the distribution system, were the main thrusts for an investigation into the use of chloramination as an alternative means of disinfection. The so-called contact time (CT)-approach from the United States Environmental Protection Agency was app

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Mora, Maximilian, Anna-Maria Veijalainen, and Helvi Heinonen-Tanski. "Performic Acid Controls Better Clostridium tyrobutyricum Related Bacteria than Peracetic Acid." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114116.

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Clostridia are anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, which degrade carbohydrates to butyric acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other compounds. These bacteria are commonly found in feces of ruminants, from where they can enter to udders and milk via manure or fodder. This study was done to find a sustainable sanitation method to control the resistant clostridial spores as they are difficult to control in the food processing industry. Clostridia spoil cheeses and other dairy products, and thereby increase the carbon footprint of products and cause economical losses in the dairy industry. The effica

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West, Alyssa M., Peter J. Teska, and Haley F. Oliver. "There is no additional bactericidal efficacy of Environmental Protection Agency–registered disinfectant towelettes after surface drying or beyond label contact time." American Journal of Infection Control 47, no. 1 (2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.07.005.

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S. Cavallini, Grasiele, S. X. Campos, J. B. Souza, and C. M. S. Vidal. "INFLUÊNCIA DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DO ESGOTO SANITÁRIO NA DESINFECÇÃO COM ÁCIDO PERACÉTICO." Eclética Química Journal 37, no. 1 (2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v37.1.2012.p38-44.

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This paper aimed to study the use of peracetic acid (PAA) to disinfect the wastewater. In this perspective, the consume of PAA and its efficiency to deactivate total coliforms microorganisms and E.coli was investigated and under different conditions of total suspended solids (TSS) and pH. The tests of disinfection with PAA demonstrate that content of TSS over than 50 mg/L led to an increase of up to 50% in the consume of disinfectant to the microbial inactivation. The efficiency for inactivation of PAA related to E.coli was also damaged in PH conditions greater than 8. The time of contact had

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Mendez, J. M., B. Jimenez, and C. Maya. "Disinfection kinetics of pathogens in physicochemical sludge treated with ammonia." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 9 (2004): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0536.

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Ammonia is a disinfectant which can diffuse through the membrane of highly resistant structures like helminth ova. Thus, it can be considered an alternative disinfectant of wastewater sludge with high pathogenic content. In this study, the kinetic parameters of the Hom model were used to describe the inactivation with ammonia of faecal coliforms, Salmonella spp. and viable helminth ova. These were obtained in processes considering the addition of ammonia alone as well as for ammonia combined with an increase in temperature. The sludge was sampled from a municipal wastewater treatment plant usi

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Haas, Charles N., Josh Joffe, Mark Heath, Joseph Jacangelo, and Uma Anmangandla. "Predicting disinfection performance in continuous flow systems from batch disinfection kinetics." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 6 (1998): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0250.

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Disinfection processes have often been characterized by the “CT” concept i.e., the product of disinfectant residual and contact time (perhaps as a function of pH, temperature, and other water quality variations) produces a given level of disinfection. The objective of this work was to develop and validate the use of reaction kinetic models for disinfection process design. Using bench scale (batch) kinetic information, and hydraulic characterization of pilot scale continuous disinfection processes, predictions of continuous process performance were made using a segregated flow model. These pred

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