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Binti Sarun, Nur Hanisah, Archadian Nuryanti, and Ika Dewi Ana. "The Effect of Chitosan Concentration on Disintegration Time of Amoxicillin Tablet." Key Engineering Materials 884 (May 2021): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.884.298.
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The most often prescribed antibiotics by dentists to patients is Amoxicillin. It is usually in the form of capsules and tablets which are hard to swallow, especially for geriatric and pediatric patients. Orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) with the capability to disintegrate inside oral cavity without the need of water required disintegrant agent in its formulation. In this study, chitosan as the product of deacetylation of chitin which originated from exoskeleton of crustacean shells was considered as suitable disintegrant because its swelling characteristic. The aim of this research was to study the effect of chitosan concentration on disintegration time of Amoxicillin tablet. Seventy tablets were made with direct compression method. Five formulas of 250 mg Amoxicillin with chitosan concentration of 2%, 5%, 8%, 11%, and 14% were prepared, with two control groups, i.e. the group of sodium starch glycolate as disintegrant at concentration of 5% as positive control and the group without adding disintegrant into the formula for negative control. Each tablet was tested for their disintegration time using disintegration tester (Erweka). The data of disintegration time of each tablets were recorded and analyzed using non-parametric hypotheses test of Kruskal Wallis. The result of Kruskal Wallis’s test showed significant difference of chitosan concentrations on disintegration time of Amoxicillin tablet (p<0.05). The shortest disintegration time was found at 11% concentration of chitosan. Higher concentration of chitosan (14%) increased the disintegration time of Amoxicillin tablet due to gel-like formation that prolonged tablet disintegration. It was concluded that different concentration of chitosan can affect the disintegration time of Amoxicillin tablet. Further studies were recommended to provide best candidate of ODT for Amoxicillin.
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Sa'adah, Hayatus. "OPTIMASI FORMULA EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale) DENGAN METODE KEMPA LANGSUNG MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN." Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung 1, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51352/jim.v1i1.11.
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Processing of medicinal plants into the appropriate dosage form can ensure security during use. It is a motivation in making acceptable dosage form which is easy and convenient to use, especially the manufacture of ethanol extract red ginger tablets using a combination of starch 1500 and amprotab.The study begins with the manufacture of dry extract of red ginger. Optimization of making tablets using a combination of starch 1500 and disintegrator with simplex lattice design using three formulas is done by direct compaction method. Further testing on the tablet hardness, friability and disintegration time.The results showed starch 1500 has a greater influence increase hardness and disintegration time of tablets, as well as lowering the fragility of the tablet. While the interaction of starch 1500 and disintegrator has no effect on the physical tablet. The optimum proportion of the combination of starch 1500 and disintegrator meet the physical requirements of tablets with a ratio of 4: 6 with 7.99 kg hardness, the friability of 0.32% and disintegration time of 2.42 minutes
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Patomchaiviwat, Vipaluk, Suchada Piriyaprasarth, Bunyarit Chaisomboonphan, Chitatharinth Limpoemwuttiporn, and Pornsuda Nuamnoi. "Modification of Starch Extracted from Black Glutinous Rice (Oryza sativa L, Variety Leum Pua) as Tablet Filler." Advanced Materials Research 1060 (December 2014): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1060.58.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the modification of black glutinous rice starch (BGRS) as tablet filler. The black glutinous rice was treated with NaCl and NaOH to obtain BGRS. The native BGRS was modified by pregelatinizaion and prepared as co-composite and used as filler in tablet formulation compared with Starch 1500®. Propranolol was used as a model drug. The properties of tablets including disintegration time were evaluated. Interestingly, the disintegration times of the native BGRS was less than 90s which was faster than Starch 1500®. The results suggest that the native BGRS would be used in fast disintegrating tablets. While the disintegration times of pregelatinized BGRS was more than 30 min. Thus, the pregelatinized BGRS might be used for sustained release tablet. For the co-composite method, PVP K90 in the concentration of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 % w/w was incorporated with BGRS. The tablets of the co-composite producing by direct compression method were compared with tablets producing by wet granulation method using PVP K90 as binder. In concentration of 3% w/w PVP K90, the co-composite was comparable to wet granulation method in term of hardness and disintegration time. Thus, it could be used as direct compression filler in pharmaceutical field.
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Patomchaiviwat, Vipaluk, Piriyaprasarth Suchada, Koorattanasiri Popporn, Kanoknirumdom Supaporn, and Rattanasiha Achara. "Evaluation of Native and Pregelatinized Arrowroot (Maranta Arundinacea) Starches as Disintegrant in Tablet Formulation." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.127.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the disintegrating properties of native arrowroot starch and pregelatinized arrowroot starch in comparison with corn starch and sodium starch glycolate (Explotab®). Tablets were prepared by direct compression. The tablet formulations contained dibasic calcium phosphate as filler and magnesium stearate as lubricant. Each starch at various concentrations between 2-10 % w/w was used in formulation as disintegrant. The swelling volume and weight of starches and disintegration time of tablets were evaluated. At 2% w/w concentration of starch, the pregelatinizaed starch provided disintegration time faster than the native starch (2.5 times). The disintegration time of 2% w/w pregelatinized arrowroot starch was comparable to Explotab and faster than that of native starch. The disintegration time of native starch at the concentration of 4, 6 and 10 %w/w was comparable to that of corn starch and Explotab®. Native arrowroot starch and pregelatinized arrowroot starch could be used as effective disintegrants in tablet formulation.
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Nestorovska-Gjosevska, Biljana Nestorovska-Gjosevska, Marija Glavas-Dodov, and Katerina Goracinova. "Orally disintegrating tablet: formulation design and optimisation using Response Surface Methodology." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51 (2005): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2005.51.003.
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The objective of this study was to develop diazepam orally disintegrating tablets and to optimize tablets characteristics using response surface methodology (RSM). Tablets were prepared by direct compression of mixture containing mannitol, copovidone, crosspovidone flavor and lubricant. A full factorial design for 2 factors at 3 levels each was applied to investigate the influence of 2 formulation variables on the mechanical strength/hardness, the percent of friability, disintegration time and dissolution of the poorly soluble active ingredient. The amounts of copovidone and crosspovidone were taken as independent variables. All data were analyzed by using statistical program. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that for obtaining a rapidly disintegrating dosage form, tablets should be prepared using an optimum concentration of crospovidone and copovidone. A contour plot is also presented to graphically represent the effect of the independent variables on the tablet hardness, disintegration time, percentage friability and dissolution. A checkpoint batch was also prepared to prove the validity of the evolved mathematical model. 3 level factorial design allowed us to obtain ODT with rapid disintegration and dissolution of the active ingredient with desirable properties of low tablet friability and appropriate mechanical strength (hardness) of the tablet.
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Chue, Pierre, Barry Jones, Cindy C. Taylor, and Ruth Dickson. "Dissolution Profile, Tolerability, and Acceptability of the Orally Disintegrating Olanzapine Tablet in Patients with Schizophrenia." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 8 (October 2002): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204700809.
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Objectives: This pilot study investigates the dissolution profile, tolerability, and acceptability of an orally disintegrating olanzapine tablet in patients with schizophrenia. Method: Eleven patients with schizophrenia stabilized on oral olanzapine (mean dosage 12.7 mg daily [SD5.2]) were given an orally disintegrating olanzapine tablet, rather than their usual tablet, daily for 7 days. At each visit, visual assessments were made for elapsed time to initial disintegration (every 15 seconds) and complete disintegration (every 1 minute). At the end of the study, patients completed a drug-acceptance questionnaire. Results: The mean time to initial disintegration was 15.78 seconds, and mean time to complete disintegration was 0.97 minutes. All patients found the orally disintegrating tablet acceptable and expressed positive comments. Nonserious clinically significant adverse events, asthenia, purpuric rash, headache, depression, and insomnia (preexisting, except for asthenia and insomnia) were reported in 3 patients. Conclusion: The orally disintegrating olanzapine tablet disintegrates rapidly and is a well-tolerated and acceptable alternative to standard olanzapine tablets in patients with schizophrenia.
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Kundawala, Aliasgar, Pratik Patel, Khushbu Chauhan, Anjali Desai, and Dhwani Kapadia. "Formulation and Optimization of Orodispersible Tablet of Loratadine Using Box Behnken Design." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-A (August 30, 2019): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3402.
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In present study Orodispersible tablets (ORDT) of Loratadine were prepared and optimized. Solid dispersion of Loratadine- β cyclodextrin complex were prepared and used in preparation of Orodispersible tablets. Various super-disintegrating agent like Cross carmellose sodium, Cross povidone and Kyron T-314 were employed for faster disintegrating effect. The 24 factorial and Box-Behnken design were utilized to optimize the tablet formulation. The Orodispersible tablet of Loratadine was optimized by Box Behnken Design, where concentrations Kyron T-314, CRP and Pearlitol SD200 were employed and its effect on Disintegration time (DT), Wetting time (WT) and % drug release at 20 min (Q20) was evaluated. Precompression parameters like angle of repose, bulk density, % compressibility, Hausner’s ratio was studies. The different batches of Orodispersable tablets were prepared and evaluated for disintegration time, friability, wetting time and drug release studies. Different batches prepared showed disintegration time in the range of 23 ± 2.52 to 59 ± 2.64, wetting time in between 27± 0.57 to 66.3 ± 3.4, drug release (Q 20) in between 86.1 ± 0.6 to 96.7 ± 0.4 in 20 min., friability less than 1 % and hardness 3.4 to 4.2 Kg/cm2. The optimized formula when compared with marketed product it showed faster disintegration time and rapid drug dissolution in phosphate buffer 6.8. The solid dispersion of Loratadine not only helped improve in solubility but may also help in taste masking.
Keywords: Orodispersible tablets, Loratadine, β cyclodextrin Solid dispersion
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Katewongsa, Prachya, and Thawatchai Phaechamud. "Influence of Disintegrant on Properties of Fast Disintegrating Tablet Containing Xylitol." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 1141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.1141.
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Disintegrants had influence on disintegration time and dissolution for fast disintegrating tablet (FDTs). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of disintegrant type on the characteristics of FDTs. In this research, the tablets were fabricated by direct compression with the compression force of 1.5 tons and using the different disintegrants components (chitin, chitosan, xylitol, microcrystalline celluloses, white bentonite and magnabite F). The physical properties of these tablets were determined. The xylitol tablets were rapidly disintegrated within 7+1 s, whereas that of the others was longer than 30 mins. The tablets containing the mixture of xylitol and other materials were subsequently fabricated since the hardness of the xylitol tablet was very poor. The disintegration time and wetting time of tablets containing 9:1 xylitol:Avicel PH101 was shorter than that of the others. The contact angle of tablets containing xylitol and Avicel PH101 at the ratio of 9:1 was lowest and surface free energy (SFE) of them was highest compared with the other formula. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) displayed that xylitol and tablets containing 9:1 xylitol:Avicel PH101 had no disordered arrangement, therefore it could promote the disintegrating property effectiently.
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Sharma, Deepak, Gurmeet Singh, Dinesh Kumar, and Mankaran Singh. "Formulation Development and Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Salbutamol Sulphate, Cetirizine Hydrochloride in Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage Form: A New Era in Novel Drug Delivery for Pediatrics and Geriatrics." Journal of Drug Delivery 2015 (February 25, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/640529.
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The objective of the present study was to prepare the fast disintegrating tablet of Salbutamol Sulphate, Cetirizine Hydrochloride in combined tablet dosage form for respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, asthma, and coughing for pediatrics and geriatrics. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. Superdisintegrant such as Sodium Starch Glycolate was optimized as 4% on the basis of least disintegration time. Different binders such as MCC and PVP K-30 were optimized along with optimized superdisintegrant concentration. 1% MCC was selected as optimum binder concentration on the basis of least disintegration time. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, wetting time, disintegration time, and drug content uniformity. Optimized formulation was further evaluated by in vitro dissolution test, drug-excipient compatibility, and accelerated stability study. Percent weight variation and content uniformity were within the acceptable limit. The friability was less than 1%. The wetting time and disintegration time were practically good for all formulations. FTIR studies and accelerated stability study showed that there was no interaction between the drug and excipients. It was concluded that, by employing commonly available pharmaceutical excipients such as superdisintegrants, hydrophilic and swellable excipients and proper filler, a fast disintegrating tablet of Salbutamol Sulphate, Cetirizine Hydrochloride in combined tablet dosage form, were formulated successfully with desired characteristics.
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Masih, Ashish, and Ajay Kumar Tiwari. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF AMOXYCILLIN TRIHYDRATE AND POTASSIUM CLAVULANATE." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i2.17385.
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Objective: The present work is aimed to formulate fast dissolving stable tablet formulation a preferred combination of Amoxycillin trihydrate (Beta-lactum antibiotic) and Potassium clavulanate (Beta-lactum inhibitor) by using various super disintegrants.Methods: Fast dissolving tablets are prepared by direct compression method using super disintegrants i.e. sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium. Aspartame as a sweetener and trusil mango flavor were used to increase palatability. Reduction in the dose of Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate tablet was possible by developing fast dissolving tablet. Results: The powder blends were subjected to various pre-formulation evaluations such as, tapped density, bulk density, hausner’s ratio, the angle of repose and compressibility index. The prepared Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate fast dissolving tablets were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, hardness, wetting time and in vitro drug release. All fast dissolving tablet formulations shown uniform weight, hardness and friability data indicates the good mechanical resistance of the fast dissolving tablet. Fast dissolving tablets were disintegrated between 25-50 second and in vitro disintegration time of the best fast disintegrating tablets was found to be 25 second. Conclusion: Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate fast dissolving tablets were found to be of good quality fulfilling all the needs for fast dissolving tablets. The optimised (F-4) formulation had shown best disintegration time and released profile with a maximum in vitro drug release as compare to marketed preparation at all time intervals of in vitro drug release.
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Chongcherdsak, Noppadol, Chutima Limmatvapirat, and Sontaya Limmatvapirat. "Factors Affecting Design of Shellac-Based Matrix Tablet through Annealing Process." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.421.
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The aim of research was to elucidate effect of annealing temperature and shellac (SHL) content on properties of shellac-based matrix tablets. Theophylline was selected as a model drug. The tablets were prepared by direct compression process and then annealed at various temperatures for 24 hours. The tablet properties, including hardness and disintegration time were comparatively. The result demonstrated that annealing temperature directly affected the hardness and disintegration time of tablets. At 60oC or more, the hardness was increased more than 1.5 times as compared to that of un-annealed tablet. The disintegration time was also increased and well correlated with the increased hardness. In addition, the more pronounced effect was observed as increasing SHL content. The more amount of SHL should provide more condensed network that improved cohesiveness and delayed disintegration time of tablets. The results from this research could provide the basic knowledge for development of drug containing shellac-based matrix tablet.
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Shah, Ria, Disha Patel, Dhruvanshi Kothari, Hetvi Shah, Aishwarya Chavda, Manan Patel, and Riddhi Trivedi. "Formulation and Evaluation of Oral dispersible Tablet of Paroxetine Hydrochloride." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 4 (July 15, 2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i4.4921.
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Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) is one such novel approach which helps to increase user acceptance by virtue of rapid disintegration, self-administration without water or chewing. ODTs are solid unit dosage forms like the conventional tablets containing super disintegrants, which help them to disintegrate and/or disperse rapidly in the mouth within few seconds. The orodispersible tablet of Paroxetine hydrochloride was prepared by using direct compression method and the tablet were formulated using various concentration of Kyron T-314 as disintegrating agent, PVP K-30 as binder, F melt Type C as diluent, Sodium Saccharin as sweetening agent, talc as lubricant and Aerosil as glidant respectively. All the batches were prepared according to Factorial design. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters like hardness, dissolution, friability, weight variation, disintegration time. Batch F5 was found to be the best batch as the disintegration time is minimum (26seconds) and better drug release profile. Orodispersible tablets of Paroxetine Hydrochloride were successfully formulated by which first pass metabolism could be avoided and faster onset of action could be achieved.
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Chinnala, Krishna Mohan, and Sirish Vodithala. "FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF CINITAPRIDE HYDROGEN TARTARATE BY USING DIRECT COMPRESSION TECHNIQUE." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 6 (November 14, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i6.23659.
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Objective: In the present study, efforts were taken to develop fast disintegrating tablets of Cinitapride hydrogen tartrate, is a gastro-prokinetic agent and antiulcer agent with an objective to achieve rapid disintegration, and further improving the bioavailability of the drug. Also, to resolve the swallowing problems (Dysphasia) in pediatric, geriatric patients by rapid disintegration in saliva and improve the patient compliance.Methods: Fast disintegrating tablets were prepared by direct compression method using superdisintegrants like crospovidone (CP), croscarmellose sodium (CCS), sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and combination of super-disintegrants in different concentrations. The prepared formulations were evaluated for the pre-compression parameters like bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s compressibility, Hausner’s ratio and angle of repose. The prepared batches of fast disintegrating tablets of Cinitapride hydrogen tartarate were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content, disintegration time, wetting time, water absorption ratio, and in vitro dissolution profile.Results: Bulk density and tapped density were found in the range of 0.412–0.432 g/cc and 0.507–0.528 g/cc respectively. In all formulations, tablet weight and thickness were within mean±9.5% and mean±5% respectively. Wetting time values lie between 19.76 to 39.53 sec. Water absorption ratio ranged from 57.30 to 78.82 %. The in vitro disintegration time for all the 12 formulations varied from 17.43 to 38.61 seconds. Formulation F8 which contained crosspovidone have recorded drug release 96.94±0.47% at the end of 30 min.Conclusion: The formulation containing crospovidone (F8) showed better performance in terms of disintegration time and drug release when compared to other formulations.
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Kanathe, Pooja, Ruchi Jain, Nilesh Jain, and Surendra Kumar Jain. "Formulation and Evaluation of Orodispersible Tablet of Fluvastatin Sodium." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1.4498.
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The purpose of this research work is to formulate and evaluate the Orodispersible tablet of Fluvastatin Sodium to enhance the bioavailability and effectiveness of the drug. The objectives of the drug work were to formulate and evaluate Orodispersible tablets of Fluvastatin Sodium, having adequate mechanical strength, rapid disintegration, and fast action. Precompression parameters like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index & post-compression parameters like wetting time, water absorption ratio, in-vitro disintegration, and in-vitro dispersion time were studied. The hardness, friability, and drug content of all the formulations were found to be within the limits. The best formulation PK09 has shown good disintegration time, dissolution time, and dispersion time. The optimized formulation of batch PK9 gave the best in-vitro release of 99.60% in 3min in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. The release of the drug followed the matrix diffusion mechanism as compared to the commercial formulation. Formulation PK9 gives quick disintegration and better drug release. Hence it can be concluded that the formulation of PK9 is stable and effective for quick action and it is an alternative to the conventional tablets.
Keywords: Orodispersible Tablets, Fluvastatin Sodium, Fast dissolving/disintegrating tablets, GIT, bioavailability, first-pass metabolism, superdisintegrants
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Singh, Sudarshan, S. S. Shyale, and P. Karade. "Formulation and Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Lamotrigine." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 8, no. 2 (May 31, 2015): 2881–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2015.8.2.11.
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The aim of this study was to design orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) of Lamotrigine. It is an Antiepileptic drug which is widely used in epilepsy. It is also used in simple and complex partial seizures and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is poorly water soluble drug (0.46 mg/ml). Thus, an attempt was made to enhance the water solubility by complexation with β-cyclodextrin (1:1 molar ratios). The orally disintegrating tablet of lamotrigine was prepared by direct compression method using different concentration of superdisintegrants such as Sodium starch glycollate, croscarmellose sodium by sublimating agent such as camphor. The formulations were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The prepared tablets were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The disintegration time for the complexed tablets prepared by different concentration of superdisintegrants was found to be in range of 32.54 ± 0.50 to 55.12 ± 0.57 sec and wetting time of the formulations was found to be in range of 28.47 ± 0.67 to 52.19 ± 0.72 sec. All the formulation showed almost 100 percent of drug release within 15 min. Among all the formulation F6 and F7 prepared with 18% croscarmellose sodium and camphor shows faster drug release, respectively 10 min, F6 gives good result for disintegration time, drug release, wetting time and friability. Further formulations were subjected to stability testing for 30 days at temperature of 40 ± 5 ºC/75 ± 5 %RH. Tablets showed no appreciable changes with respect to physical appearance, drug content, disintegration time and dissolution profiles. Results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA at a p < 0.05. It was found that, the data at any point of time are significant at p < 0.05.
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Sivadasan, Durgaramani, Muhammad Hadi Sultan, Osama Madkhali, Shamama Javed, and Aamena Jabeen. "Formulation and in vitro evaluation of orodispersible tablets of fexofenadine hydrochloride." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 5 (June 25, 2020): 919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i5.2.
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Purpose: To develop orodispersible tablets (ODTs) of fexofenadine hydrochloride using three different superdisintegrants in various ratios and to compare their disintegration properties.Methods: Direct compression technique was used for the preparation of ODTs. Mannitol and Avicel CE-15 (microcrystalline cellulose and guar gum) were used as direct compression diluents. The disintegration time of tablets using each polymer (superdisintegrant) was evaluated as well as othertablet properties including weight fluctuation, hardness, friability, wetting time and water absorption ratio.Results: Satisfactory values were obtained for all the evaluated parameters. As the polymer concentration increased, there was a decrease in disintegration time. A comparison of the three different polymers used revealed that CCM3 formulated with 12 % croscarmellose sodium and 14.66 % lactose had the least disintegration time of 32.33 ± 3.23 s. In vitro release studies showed that the maximum drug release of 94.38 ± 0.12 % in 25 min was obtained for ODT tablets containing croscarmellose sodium (CCM3).Conclusion: The orodispersible tablets had quick disintegrating property which was achieved using superdisintegrants. Thus, superdisintegrants improve the disintegration efficiency of orodispersible fexofenadine tablets at low concentrations, when compared to traditional disintegrants.
Keywords: Croscarmellose sodium, Direct compression, Fexofenadine, Orodispersible tablets
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Lubis, Minda Sari. "EVALUATION OF DISINTEGRATION AND DISSOLUTION TEST OF METOCLOPRAMIDE ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET USING MALTODEXTRINS FROM BANANA STARCH (MUSA PARADISIACA L) AS SUPERDISINTEGRANT." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 13 (April 26, 2018): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11s1.26609.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to know maltodextrin can be used as a superdisintegrant and to know the dissolution time and to know disintegration and dissolution test of metoclopramide orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) better than conventional metoclopramide tablets.Methods: The methods used in this study include the formulation of banana starch, formulation of maltodextrin, and then maltodextrin formulated into ODT with metoclopramide drug model, and evaluated the disintegration and dissolution test of ODT metoclopramide.Results: The results of the evaluation of 5 ODT formulas studied, showed ODT with maltodextrin 15% (ODT 4) gave the fastest in vitro disintegration of 22.2 s, the in vivo disintegration averaged between 55.38 s and 75.72 s, and dissolution test results against ODT 4 and metoclopramide tablets (positive comparator) showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05).Conclusion: Maltodextrin can be formulated superdisintegrant on metoclopramide ODT by giving disintegration, and dissolution was better than the conventional tablets.
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Eraga, S. O., C. M. Okolo, B. U. Odionyenma, C. E. Mbadugha, and M. A. Iwuagwu. "A Comparative Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Acetaminophen Using Super-disintegrant Blends and Sublimation Method." Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics 19, no. 1 (July 24, 2020): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jopat.v19i1.3.
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Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) are gaining prominence as drug delivery systems and emerging as one of the popular and widely accepted dosage forms, especially for the peadiatric and geriatric patients. This study aims to evaluate and compare the tablet properties of fast disintegrating tablets of acetaminophen prepared by super-disintegrant blends and sublimation methods. Two groups of tablets comprising various batches were prepared by wet granulation. Granules batches of one group of tablets (A-G) were prepared with different concentrations of sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium while the other group of tablets (H-N) were incorporated with varying concentrations of menthol into the batches. The granules were subjected to analysis and compressed into tablets. The post-compression parameters of the tablets such as weight uniformity, crushing strength, friability, wetting and disintegration times, as well as dissolution studies were evaluated. Drug-excipient compatibility studies using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis was also carried out. Granules were fair to good in flow with Carr’s indices ≤ 20.14 and angles of repose ranging from 21.34 to 35.00°. Tablets crushing strength values were between 3.44 to 8.26 kp while their friability values were < 1.52%. They showed wetting and disintegration times that were ≥ 0.18 and ≥ 0.25 min. Dissolution studies showed that four batches of tablets (two from each method used in formulation) achieved 100% drug release within 30 min. FTIR analysis shows no interactions between acetaminophen and excipients used in formulation. Tablets from both methods were comparable in their tablet properties but the disintegrant blend tablets exhibited superior crushing strengths, hence formed harder tablets, while the sublimation method tablets were superior in their wetting and disintegration times.
Keywords: acetaminophen, super-disintegrants, sublimation, tablet parameters
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El-Say, Khalid M., Tarek A. Ahmed, Maged F. Abdelbary, Bahaa E. Ali, Bader M. Aljaeid, and Ahmed S. Zidan. "Risperidone oral disintegrating mini-tablets: A robust-product for pediatrics." Acta Pharmaceutica 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acph-2015-0038.
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Abstract This study was aimed at developing risperidone oral disintegrating mini-tablets (OD-mini-tablets) as age-appropriate formulations and to assess their suitability for infants and pediatric use. An experimental Box-Behnken design was applied to assure high quality of the OD-mini-tablets and reduce product variability. The design was employed to understand the influence of the critical excipient combinations on the production of OD-mini-tablets and thus guarantee the feasibility of obtaining products with dosage form uniformity. The variables selected were mannitol percent in Avicel (X1), swelling pressure of the superdisintegrant (X2), and the surface area of Aerosil as a glidant (X3). Risperidone-excipient compatibilities were investigated using FTIR and the spectra did not display any interaction. Fifteen formulations were prepared and evaluated for preand post-compression characteristics. The prepared ODmini- tablet batches were also assessed for disintegration in simulated salivary fluid (SSF, pH 6.2) and in reconstituted skimmed milk. The optimized formula fulfilled the requirements for crushing strength of 5 kN with minimal friability, disintegration times of 8.4 and 53.7 s in SSF and skimmed milk, respectively. This study therefore proposes the risperidone OD-mini-tablet formula having robust mechanical properties, uniform and precise dosing of medication with short disintegration time suitable for pediatric use.
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Ito, Taketoshi, and Hidehiro Kamiya. "Design of Disintegration Time and Strength of Orally Disintegrating Tablets." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 53, no. 10 (2016): 642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.53.642.
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Jaya, S., and V. Amala. "FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ORAL DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019v11i1.28457.
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Objective: The present investigation was undertaken with an objective of formulating oral disintegrating tablets of amlodipine besylate to enhance convenience and compliance of the elderly and pediatric patients for better therapeutic efficacy.Methods: The tablets were prepared by using direct compression method and evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, disintegration time and in vitro drug release study. Prepared tablets were evaluated for compatibility by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that there was no physicochemical interaction between amlodipine besylate and other excipients. All the tablets hardness was found to be around 3.5 kg/cm2 and friability of all the formulations was less than 1%, Drug content in all the formulations was found in the range of 97.05% to 99.13%.Conclusion: The study clearly indicated that the type and concentration of superdisintegrants plays an important role in disintegration and dissolution of drug from oral disintegrating tablets. Among all the formulations, the maximum percentage of drug release and less disintegration time was found in F9 formulation containing 4% of crospovidone.
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Sarfaraz, Mohammed, and Surendra Kumar Sharma. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLURBIPROFEN FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLETS USING NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANTS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.14303.
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ABSTRACTObjective: The main objective of this research was to formulate Fast disintegrating tablets of Flurbiprofen incorporating superdisintegrants, isolated from natural sources like Plantago ovata (PO) seeds, Lepidium sativum (LS) seeds and agar-agar.Methods: Superdisintegrants were isolated from their natural sources using reported methods. Swelling index and hydration capacity was determined for the natural superdisintegrants to know their disintegration capacity. The tablet formulations were designed using isolated natural superdisintegrants. The powder blends were evaluated for pre-compressional parameters like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, carr’s index, and hausner’s ratio. Fast disintegrating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. The compressed tablets were characterized for post compression parameters.Results: All formulations had hardness, friability, weight variation and drug content within the pharmacopoeial limits. The wetting time was 84 to 254 sec, in vitro disintegration time was between 59.2 to 221 sec, and in-vitro drug release was as low as 11.80% (LS1) to a maximum of 98.99% (PO4) after 4 min of study. Among all, optimized formulation was PO4, as it showed good wetting time (84 sec), fastest disintegration time (59.2 sec), dispersion time (135 sec) and drug release of 98.99.% within 4 min.Conclusion: Flurbiprofen FDT’s were successfully developed using isolated natural disintegrants. The natural disintegrants isolated showed promising results and can prove as effective alternative for synthetic disintegrants.
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Patel, Afroza Akbar, Siraj N. Shaikh, Huzaifa Patel, Afzal Band, and Ahmed Shaoor. "Designing fabrication and evaluation of Oral fast Disintegrating tablet of Ranitidine HCL." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2176.
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The aim of this research work was to design develop & evaluate oral fast disintegrating tablets of Ranitidine HCL. The Orodispersible tablets of Ranitidine HCl were prepared by using direct Compression technique with a Synthetic Superdisintegrant such as Crosspovidone and a natural Superdisintegrant Fenugreek gum in different concentration. 32 factorial designs was applied to study the effect of independent variables, concentration of Crosspovidone & Fenugreek gum on dependent variables like Cumulative % Drug release and Disintegration time by using design expert software. Prepared oral fast disintegrating tablets evaluated for Pre and Post-compression parameters. The prepared tablets exhibited satisfactory physico-chemical characterise especially fast disintegration & dissolution property. Full factorial design and optimization technique successfully used in the development oral fast disintegrating tablets. Comparing the all the formulations, formulation F9 was considered as optimized formulation which shows excellent fast disintegration, in vitro dissolution, and faster drug release within 6 min in comparison to other batches also stable in stability study.
Keywords: Fast disintegrating, Ranitidine, Crosspovidone, Gum, Optimizations, Water absorption ratio
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Kumar, Y. Shravan, Karnakar M, Harika S, and Mounika M. "Formulation and Evaluation of Salbutamol Sulphate Taste Masked Oral Disintegrating Tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 14, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 5571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2021.14.4.7.
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Salbutamol is a short acting, selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of astama and COPD. The aim of this study is to formulate oral disintegrating tablets of salbutamol sulphate to achieve rapid dissolution, absorption and further improving the bioavailability of the drug. Oral disintegrating tablets of salbutamol sulphate were designed with a view to enhance the patient compliance and provide a quick onset of action. The oral disintegrating tablets were prepared by using different synthetic polymers by direct compression method. Development of the formulation in the present study was based on the concentration of superdisintegrants and the properties of the drug. Nine batches of tablets were formulated and evaluated for various parameters: drug content, weight variation, water absorption ratio, wetting time, in vitro disintegration, hardness, friability, thickness uniformity, and in vitro dissolution. A fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study showed that there were no significant interactions between the drug and the excipients. The prepared tablets were good in appearance and showed acceptable results for hardness and friability. The in vitro disintegrating time of the formulated tablets was found to be 14.39-32.41 sec and the drug content of tablets in all formulations was found to be between 87.48-99.96 %, which complied within the limits established in the Indian pharmacopeia. The study concluded that taste of the drug was masked with the help of sodium saccarhin, flavor and the concentration of super disintegrating agent increases the disintegration time of tablets get decreases. The formulation (F9) had a minimum disintegration time of 14.39 sec and 99.96 % of the drug was released within 20 min.
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H. Aodah, Alhussain, Mohamed H. Fayed, Ahmed Alalaiwe, Bader B. Alsulays, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, and El-Sayed Khafagy. "Design, Optimization, and Correlation of In Vitro/In Vivo Disintegration of Novel Fast Orally Disintegrating Tablet of High Dose Metformin Hydrochloride Using Moisture Activated Dry Granulation Process and Quality by Design Approach." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 7 (June 27, 2020): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12070598.
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Compression of cohesive, poorly compactable, and high-dose metformin hydrochloride into the orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) is challenging. The objective of this study was to develop metformin ODT using the moisture activated dry granulation (MADG) process. There are no reports in the literature regarding the development of ODT based on MADG technology. The feasibility of developing metformin ODT was assessed utilizing a 32 full factorial design to elucidate the influence of water amount (X1) and the amount of pregelatinized starch (PGS; X2) as independent variables on key granules and tablets’ characteristics. The prepared granules and tablets were characterized for granule size, bulk density, flow properties, tablets’ weight variation, breaking force, friability, capping tendency, in vitro and in vivo disintegration, and drug release. Regression analysis showed that X1 and X2 had a significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on key granules and tablets’ properties with a predominant effect of the water amount. Otherwise, the amount of PGS had a pronounced effect on tablet disintegration. Optimized ODT was found to show better mechanical strength, low friability, and short disintegration time in the oral cavity. Finally, this technique is expected to provide better ODT for many kinds of high-dose drugs that can improve the quality of life of patients.
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P., Vijayanand, Sridevi P., and Bhagavan Raju M. "DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS OF CARVEDILOL BY COMBINATION OF SUPER-DISINTEGRANTS ADDITION AND SUBLIMATION TECHNIQUES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.19161.
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Objective: Objective of the present research work was to prepare orodispersible tablets of carvedilol (CDL) for dysphagic patients.Methods: Carvedilol, an anti-hypertensive drug, was chosen as a model drug in this study. Orodispersible tablets of carvedilol were prepared using different super-disintegrating agents such as crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate at different concentrations. The best formulation was selected based on disintegration and dissolution profile that was further taken for sublimation studies using camphor, menthol and thymol. Drug-excipients interaction studies were carried out by fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectrophotometer with pure drug sample and optimized formulation.Results: The orodispersible tablet formulation having 4% croscarmellose sodium disintegrated in 92 sec. Hence this formulation was considered best formulation and taken further for sublimation studies. A formulation containing 10% w/w of menthol showed disintegration time of 16 sec with more than 96.64% drug release within 15 min. Menthol leaves the porous structure as it sublimates from the tablet. This might have contributed to the decrease in disintegration time. Hence, this formulation was considered optimized.Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that orodispersible tablets of carvedilol may prove to be more efficacious in the treatment of hypertension particularly in dysphagic patients.
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Kanke, Pralhad K., Pankaj Sawant, Ajit Jadhav, and Md Rageeb Md Usman. "A REVIEW ON DISINTEGRATION CONTROL MATRIX TABLETS." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5 (September 5, 2018): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1852.
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A number of sustained release formulations are available in the market which successfully sustained the drug release over a prolonged period of time by different mechanisms. The new approach for sustaining the drug release is disintegration control matrix tablet which sustained the drug release up to 24hrs by controlling the disintegration rate of tablet. Disintegration control matrix tablet (DCMT) mainly forms the granules containing drug and disintegrating agent such as low substituted hydroxyl propyl cellulose by various methods such as solid dispersion technique. The sustained release of drug is maintained by increasing the wax coating or decreasing the amount of disintegrants. The release of drug from tablet is uniform throughout till all the drug releases from tablet as it involves drug release by diffusion, dissolution and surface erosion mechanism. DCMT increases the solubility of drug and improves the bioavailability without disturbing gastrointestinal transit. BCS Class II, III, IV drugs are the best candidate for DCMT formulations.
Keywords: Disintegration control matrix tablet (DCMT), Wax, Disintegrating agent, Solid dispersion.
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Al-dhahir, Rasha Khalid, and Myasar Al-kotaji. "FORMULATION OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF CINNARIZINE BY USING DIRECT COMPRESSION METHOD." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019v11i1.29599.
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Objective: The aim of this work was to formulate and evaluate orally disintegrating tablets of cinnarizine that were prepared by direct compression method using different types of diluents and super disintegrants. The rationale behind this work was to accelerate the disintegration of the tablet to provide rapid dissolution, quick action and enhanced bioavailability of the drug.Methods: The tablets were prepared by direct compression method using different types of diluents as mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and lactose. Different super disintegrants were used such as crospovidone (CP), sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and Kyron T-314; Kyron T-314 was used in different concentrations of 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8%. The prepared formulae (F1-F9c) were subjected to flowability studies and post-compression evaluation studies. The optimized formula was selected depending on the time of disintegration and dissolution; then it was subjected to drug-excipient compatibility study and stability study.Results: Flowability results were ranging from excellent, excellent to good, and good to fair according to the type of the diluent used. All of the prepared tablets showed acceptable hardness, friability, drug content, and disintegration. A rapid disintegration of 11.66±2.25 s with the highest percentage 2 min-drug release of 74.55±3.01% was obtained by using the diluent lactose and the super disintegrant Kyron T-314 (8%) in the formula F9c. The infrared spectroscopic studies of the formula F9c showed no drug-excipient interaction. In addition, the stability study indicated that the optimized formula is a stable formula.Conclusion: Formula F9c of a rapidly disintegrating tablet was easy to be manufactured, and the results showed that this formula had a rapid disintegration, high dissolution profile, no noticeable chemical incompatibility and it was stable upon storage.
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Alami-Milani, Mitra, Sara Salatin, Elaheh Nasiri, and Mitra Jelvehgari. "Preparation and optimization of fast disintegrating tablets of isosorbide dinitrate using lyophilization method for oral drug delivery." Therapeutic Delivery 12, no. 7 (July 2021): 523–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/tde-2020-0127.
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Background: Orally disintegrating tablets rapidly disintegrate in saliva and then swallowed without the need for water. Materials & methods: The orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by freeze-drying of an aqueous dispersion of isosorbide dinitrate containing a matrix former (gelatin), a cryoprotectant (mannitol), a plasticizer (glycerin) and a dissolution enhancer (Tween/polyethylene glycol). Results: Results demonstrated that the selected formulation, Ft9, disintegrated within 1 min and showed faster dissolution rate compared with the commercial tablet. Conclusion: Having a fast disintegration time, the developed lyophilized tablet does not need to be swallowed as a whole. So, it is a convenient solid oral dosage form for the patients who have difficulty with swallowing such as the pediatric and elderly ones.
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Yi, Tingting. "Development and evaluation of mosapride citrate orally disintegrating tablets for dogs." Ciência Rural 46, no. 11 (November 2016): 2064–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160402.
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to prepare orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) of mosapride citrate for dogs with fast disintegration and low cost. The ODTs were developed by varying the components and the ratio of excipients. A direct compression method was used. The properties of the ODTs, including hardness, friability, active ingredient content, and in vitro disintegration time, were investigated, and an economic analysis of the formulations was performed. For all formulations, friability was less than 1%, and the hardness varied from 37.69±4.08 to 48.73±5.62 N, which indicated that the tablets had sufficient mechanical integrity to withstand packaging and carrying. Results showed that Formulation (F) 2, containing 5% sodium carboxymethyl starch; F3, containing 5% low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose; and F5 had not only shorter disintegration times but also lower costs, which were suitable for mosapride citrate ODTs. Although F1, contained 5% croscarmellose sodium, and F4, contained 5% crospovidone, with shorter disintegration times, the costs of F1 and F4 were 25.8% and 22.6% higher than that of F5, respectively. Results also revealed that the disintegration time of F5 was not significantly different from those of F1, F2, F3, and F4 (p>0.05), all of which contained superdisintegrants. Without superdisintegrants, F5, which contained a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, and lactose, was also able to achieve a short disintegration time and to meet the requirements of ODTs for dogs.
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Sharma, Deepak. "Formulation Development and Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Salbutamol Sulphate for Respiratory Disorders." ISRN Pharmaceutics 2013 (July 15, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/674507.
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Recent developments in fast disintegrating tablets have brought convenience in dosing to pediatric and elderly patients who have trouble in swallowing tablets. The objective of the present study was to prepare the fast disintegrating tablet of salbutamol sulphate for respiratory disorders for pediatrics. As precision of dosing and patient's compliance become important prerequisites for a long-term treatment, there is a need to develop a formulation for this drug which overcomes problems such as difficulty in swallowing, inconvenience in administration while travelling, and patient’s acceptability. Hence, the present investigation were undertaken with a view to develop a fast disintegrating tablet of salbutamol sulphate which offers a new range of products having desired characteristics and intended benefits. Superdisintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate was optimized. Different binders were optimized along with optimized superdisintegrant concentration. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, wetting time, disintegration time, and uniformity of content. Optimized formulation was evaluated by in vitro dissolution test, drug-excipient compatibility, and accelerated stability study. It was concluded that fast disintegrating tablets of salbutamol sulphate were formulated successfully with desired characteristics which disintegrated rapidly; provided rapid onset of action; and enhanced the patient convenience and compliance.
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Sharma, Deepak, Mankaran Singh, Dinesh Kumar, and Gurmeet Singh. "Formulation Development and Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablet of Cetirizine Hydrochloride: A Novel Drug Delivery for Pediatrics and Geriatrics." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2014 (February 18, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/808167.
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Recent developments in fast disintegrating tablets have brought convenience in dosing to pediatric and elderly patients who have trouble in swallowing tablets. The objective of the present study was to prepare the fast disintegrating tablet of Cetirizine Hydrochloride for allergic and respiratory disorders. As precision of dosing and patient's compliance become important prerequisite for a long-term treatment, there is a need to develop a formulation for this drug which overcomes problems such as difficulty in swallowing, inconvenience in administration while travelling, and patient’s acceptability. Hence, the present investigation was undertaken with a view to develop a fast disintegrating tablet of Cetirizine Hydrochloride which offers a new range of products having desired characteristics and intended benefits. Superdisintegrants such as Sodium Starch Glycolate were optimized. Different binders were optimized along with optimized superdisintegrant concentration. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, wetting time, disintegration time and uniformity of content. Optimized formulation was evaluated by in vitro dissolution test, drug excipient compatibility and accelerated stability study. It was concluded that fast disintegrating tablets of Cetirizine Hydrochloride were formulated successfully with desired characteristics which disintegrated rapidly, provide rapid onset of action, and enhance the patient convenience and compliance.
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Sipos, Emese, Andrea Ramona Oltean, Zoltán-István Szabó, Emőke-Margit Rédai, and Gabriella Dónáth Nagy. "Application of SeDeM expert systems in preformulation studies of pediatric ibuprofen ODT tablets." Acta Pharmaceutica 67, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acph-2017-0017.
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Abstract Pediatric, ibuprofen containing orodispersible tablets (ODTs) were prepared using the SeDeM expert system methodology. In order to facilitate formulation, directly compressible ibuprofen was employed (Ibuprofen DC 8TM) and characterized using its SeDeM profile. The mannitol based superdisintegrant Ludiflash® was characterized by the SeDeM-ODT expert system, which also allowed calculation of the optimal excipient concentration in order to obtain suitable tablet hardness and disintegration time. After adding a sweetener and a standard combination of lubricants, the optimized formulation was directly compressed into tablets and evaluated in terms of tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile. The SeDeM method was applied to determine the amount of corrective excipient (Ludiflash®) required for the compression of Ibuprofen DC 85TM in order to achieve suitable ODTs. Adequate tablet hardness, disintegration time, friability and dissolution profiles were found during tablet evaluation.
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Iancu, Valeriu, Florentina Roncea, Radu George Cazacincu, and Dumitru Lupuleasa. "Preparation and evaluation of diclofenac sodium orally disintegrating tablets." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 27, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auoc-2016-0004.
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Abstract Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) are dosage forms which disintegrate in mouth within seconds without need of water. This type of quality in dosage form can be attained by addition of different varieties of excipients. Pharmaburst™ 500 is a co-processed excipient system which allows rapid disintegration and low adhesion to punches. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate 25 mg diclofenac sodium ODTs (orodispersible tablets) batches by direct compression method at different compression forces 10 kN (F1) and 20 kN (F2) and directly compressible excipients used in different ratio (Avicel PH 102, magnesium stearate and coprocessed excipient Pharmaburst™ 500, 70% and 80% w/w). The obtained batches were analyzed for appearance, tablet thickness, uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and non-compendial methods (wetting time). Co-processed Pharmaburst™ 500 excipient 70% used for sodium diclofenac ODT obtaining determined good results for quality control tests evaluation.
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Olorunsola, Emmanuel O., Grace A. Akpan, and Michael U. Adikwu. "Evaluation of Chitosan-Microcrystalline Cellulose Blends as Direct Compression Excipients." Journal of Drug Delivery 2017 (December 19, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8563858.
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This study was aimed at evaluating chitosan-microcrystalline cellulose blends as direct compression excipients. Crab shell chitosan, α-lactose monohydrate, and microcrystalline cellulose powders were characterized. Blends of the microcrystalline cellulose and chitosan in ratios 9 : 1, 4 : 1, 2 : 1, and 1 : 1 as direct compression excipients were made to constitute 60% of metronidazole tablets. Similar tablets containing blends of the microcrystalline cellulose and α-lactose monohydrate as well as those containing pure microcrystalline cellulose were also produced. The compact density, tensile strength, porosity, disintegration time, and dissolution rate of tablets were determined. Chitosan had higher moisture content (7.66%) and higher moisture sorption capacity (1.33%) compared to microcrystalline cellulose and lactose. It also showed better flow properties (Carr’s index of 18.9% and Hausner’s ratio of 1.23). Compact density of tablets increased but tensile strength decreased with increase in the proportion of chitosan in the binary mixtures. In contrast to lactose, the disintegration time increased and the dissolution rate decreased with increase in the proportion of chitosan. This study has shown that chitosan promotes flowability of powder mix and rapid disintegration of tablet. However, incorporation of equal proportions of microcrystalline cellulose and chitosan leads to production of extended-release tablet. Therefore, chitosan promotes tablet disintegration at low concentration and enables extended-release at higher concentration.
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Kamboj, Sweta, Rohit Kamboj, and Guarve Kumar. "FORMULATION DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF VALSARTAN: EFFECT OF SUPERDISINTEGRANTS." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 06 (September 20, 2020): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.06.11990.
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Oral disintegrating tablets are a novel attractive dosage form in which the tablet disintegrates or dissolves in the buccal cavity within seconds without the use of water. The major drawback in designing this dosage form is unpleasant taste and low solubility of active entity. Valsartan is an antihypertension drug used in treatment of high blood pressure, congestive heart failure (CHF) and post-myocardial infarction (MI). It is characterized by its bitter taste, which effects the patient’s compliance. Despite this, it belong to the BCS II Classification in which drugs have low solubility and high permeability. The aim of the present research work was to formulate orally disintegrating tablets of valsartan using natural and synthetic superdisintegrants. The drug was characterized according to different compendia methods, on the basis of identification by UV spectroscopy, pH, organoleptic properties and other tests. Drugpolymer compatibility was carried out by FTIR. The values of pre-compression parameters assessed were within specified limits and showed good free flowing properties. The data on post-compression parameters such as weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, content uniformity, disintegration time and dissolution was found to be within the prescribed limits. Batch F9 with disintegration time 24 sec was selected as the optimized formulation. Batch F9 was also subjected to stability studies for three months and was tested for its appearance, average weight, hardness, disintegration time, percent friability and its release rate, which were in prescribed ranges and satisfactory.
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Karmakar, Palash, and Md Golam Kibria. "In-vitro comparative evaluation of quality control parameters between paracetamol and paracetamol/caffeine tablets available in Bangladesh." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1, no. 5 (April 7, 2012): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i5.10282.
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Paracetamol is a widely used non-prescription analgesic and antipyretic medicine. The study was conducted to assess the comparative in-vitro quality control parameters through the evaluation of weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile between the commercially available tablet brands of paraceta-mol and paracetamol/caffeine combination in Bangladesh. Tablets of five top level manufacturers those have both of the formulations were evaluated in two groups. Both similarities and dissimilarities were found between the groups. All tablets either paracetamol (1.07 to 2.14%) or paracetamol/caffeine (0.98 to 2.09%) showed acceptable weight variation and friability (below 1%). Formulations were somewhat different in their hardness, disintegration time and dissolution profile. All tablets of paracetamol/caffeine were found harder than paracetamol tablets of the same manufacturer. 1 out of 5 for paracetamol and 3 out of 5 for paracetamol/caffeine tablets exceeded the limit of tablet hardness or crushing strength. The disintegration time in 0.1N HCl of paracetamol tablet brands (24 seconds to 4 minutes 52 seconds) were less than the paracetamol/caffeine (6 minutes 33 seconds to 17 minutes 43 seconds) brands. On the other hand in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, paracetamol/caffeine tablets dissolved quickly and showed better release profile than tablets containing only paracetamol. It can be concluded that standard quality control parameters always should be maintained not only for paracetamol or its combination but also for all kinds of medicine for getting better drug products.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i5.10282International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(5): 103-109
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Mukri, A. K., J. H. Tan, S. M. Tahir, M. S. Anuar, and S. M. Yusoff. "Compaction behaviour of mannitol-cocoa powder mixtures and their resulting tablet strength and disintegration characteristics." Food Research 5, S1 (January 3, 2021): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(s1).038.
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Cocoa powder is an important ingredient in the confectionery industry and, mannitol is an alternative sugar alcohol. In this work, mannitol powder was mixed with cocoa powder and compacted into tablet form via the uniaxial die compaction process. The frictional, compaction, tablet mechanical and disintegration properties were studied due to their importance in characterizing the behaviour of the tablets during processing and its final product characteristics at varying mannitol contents. The composition of mannitol in the mannitol-cocoa tablet varied at 95% w/w, 50% w/w and 5% w/w, while pure 100% w/w mannitol and cocoa tablets were set as controls. The compaction pressures used in making the tablets varied at 37.67 MPa, 75.34 MPa, 113.01 MPa, 150.68 MPa and 188.35 MPa. The compaction behaviour of the powder during the compaction process was evaluated using the plastic work and the maximum ejection stress values. The tablet strength was determined using the tensile strength method and tablet disintegration study was also conducted. The results showed that the increase in the compaction pressures increased the plastic work, maximum ejection pressure, tablet strength and also its disintegration time. The tablet formed having 95% w/w mannitol composition exhibited the highest plastic work value of 10.32±0.01 J, highest maximum ejection pressure value of 4.4±0.06 MPa, highest tensile strength value of 1.06±0.04 MPa and shortest disintegration time of 171±51 s amongst the three different mannitol compositions studied. Meanwhile, the effects of mannitol composition in the tablet on these observed responses were also dependent upon the compaction pressures used during tablet formation. In conclusion, the addition of mannitol improved the tablet strength and shorten the disintegration time in the experimental range employed in this study.
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Erum, Alia, Sajid Bashir, Shazia Saghir, and Rai Muhammad Sarfraz. "Arabinoxylan from Plantago ovate (Husk) a novel binder and superdisintegrant." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 5, 2015): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v13i2.21891.
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The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the binding and disintegrating properties of arabinoxylan isolated from Ispaghula (Plantago ovata) husk. Atenolol and atorvastatin orodispersible tablet F1, F2 and F3 were prepared by direct compression method using arabinoxylan (12, 9, 6) mg as superdisintegrant, and F4 and F5 containing 12 mg Ispaghula husk and 12 mg sodium starch glycolate, respectively. Metformin tablets were prepared by wet granulation method F1 containing starch as binder, F2 containing arabinoxylan as binder and F3 containing arabinoxylan as binder and as superdisintegrant. Prepared tablets were evaluated for precompression parameters such as compatibility studies, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Hausners ratio and Cars index and post compression parameters such as weight variation, hardness, thickness, diameter, wetting time, water absorption ratio disintegration time drug release and moisture uptake studies. Attempts were done to trace the possible disintegrant mechanism of arabinoxylan. FTIR spectra of physical blend of atenolol, atorvastatin, metformin with arabinoxylan confirmed the compatibility of excepient with formulation ingredients. All the formulations of atenolol, atorvastatin satisfied the limits of redispersion with a dispersion time of less than 60 sec. F1 showed minimum disintegration time 4 sec providing the evidence of arabinoxylan an excellent superdisintegrant when compared with F4 containing Ispaghula husk with disintegration time 30 sec and F5 contains sodium starch glycolate having disintegration time of 35 sec. Minimum wetting time of 17 sec and high water absorption ratio of F1 formulation confirmed the arabinoxylan as swelling disintegrant. The results of metformin tablet indicate that arabinoxylan could be useful to produce tablets with desired characteristics for specific purposes, and could be used as an alternative substitute binder and superdisintegrant in pharmaceutical industries. These studies provide a strong evidence for usefulness of arabinoxylan as binder and superdisintegrant and a good alternative to natural and synthetic superdisintegrant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v13i2.21891 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(2): 133-141, 2014 (December)
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Sukhavasi, Sudheshnababu, and V. Sai Kishore. "Formulation and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets of amlodipine besylate by using Fenugreek seed mucilage and Ocimum basilicum gum." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1, no. 9 (August 4, 2012): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11614.
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Fast dissolving/disintegrating tablets have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has became a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical area. Particularly the fast dissolving drug delivery systems formulated with natural polymers have more demand because natural materials like gums and mucilages have been extensively used in the field of drug delivery for their easy availability, ease administration, non toxicity, non irritant nature etc. The main aim of the present study was to formulate the fast dissolving tablets of amlodipine besylate tablets using Fenugreek seed mucilage and Ocimum basilicum gum as a natural superdisintegrating agents to achieve quick onset of action, is to increase the water uptake with in shortest wetting time and there by decrease the disintegration time of the tablets by simple and cost effective direct compression technique. Pre-compression parameters like angle of repose and post-compression parameters like wetting time, water absorption ratio, in-vitro disintegration and in-vitro dispersion time were studied. The hardness, friability and drug content of all the formulations were found to be within the limits. The best formulations FFGK5 & FOB5 have shown good disintegration time, hardness and friability. The best formulations were also found to be stable. Optimized formulation was subjected to stability studies as per ICH guidelines and it insignificant change in hardness, disintegration time and in vitro drug release.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11614 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 243-249
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Olszynski, Wojciech P., Jonathan D. Adachi, and K. Shawn Davison. "Differences inIn VitroDisintegration Time among Canadian Brand and Generic Bisphosphonates." Journal of Osteoporosis 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/420451.
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The objective of this study was to compare the disintegration times among Canadian-marketed brand (alendronate 70 mg, alendronate 70 mg plus vitamin D 5600 IU, and risedronate 35 mg) and generic (Novo-alendronate 70 mg and Apo-alendronate 70 mg) once-weekly dosed bisphosphonates. All disintegration tests were performed with a Vanderkamp Disintegration Tester. Disintegration was deemed to have occurred when no residue of the tablet, except fragments of insoluble coating or capsule shell, was visible. Eighteen to 20 samples were tested for each bisphosphonate group. The mean (±standard deviation) disintegration times were significantlyP<0.05faster for Apo-alendronate (26±5.6seconds) and Novo-alendronate (13±1.1seconds) as compared to brand alendronate (147±50.5seconds), brand alendronate plus vitamin D (378±60.5seconds), or brand risedronate (101±20.6seconds). The significantly faster disintegration of the generic tablets as compared to the brand bisphosphonates may have concerning safety and effectiveness implications for patients administering these therapies.
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Macuja, John Carlo O., Laurence N. Ruedas, and Rebecca C. Nueva España. "Utilization of Cellulose from Luffa cylindrica Fiber as Binder in Acetaminophen Tablets." Advances in Environmental Chemistry 2015 (March 31, 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/243785.
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Cellulose is an important pharmaceutical excipient. This study aimed to produce cellulose from the fiber of Luffa cylindrica as an effective binder in the formulation of acetaminophen tablets. This study was divided into three phases, namely, (I) preparation of cellulose from Luffa cylindrica, (II) determination of the powder properties of the LC-cellulose, and (III) production and evaluation of acetaminophen of the tablets produced using LC-cellulose as binder. The percentage yield of LC-cellulose was 61%. The values of the powder properties of LC-cellulose produced show fair and passable flow properties and are within the specifications of a powdered pharmaceutical excipient. The mean tablet hardness and disintegration time of the LC-cellulose tablets have a significant difference in the mean tablet hardness and disintegration time of the tablets without binder; thus the cellulose produced improved the suitability of acetaminophen in the dry compression process. However, the tablet properties of the tablets produced using LC-cellulose as binder do not conform to the specifications of the US pharmacopeia; thus the study of additional methods and excipients is recommended.
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Mohammed, B. B., E. J. John, G. T. Abdulsalam, and K. P. Bahago. "Evaluating the Flow and Release Profiles of Ibuprofen Formulations by Increasing the Binder Concentration." Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 16, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpr.v16i2.13s.
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Background: Tablets must be able to release the active drug in the gastrointestinal tract for absorption. The release profile of solid pharmaceutical dosage formulations can be quantified by assessing the disintegration and dissolution times tests. Binders are adhesives either from sugar or polymeric material that are added to tablet formulations to provide the cohesiveness required for the bonding together of the granules under compaction to form tablets.Objective: The objective of the study was to formulate and assess ibuprofen tablets using different concentrations of binders (Acacia and Gelatin).Methods: The granules were prepared using wet granulation method and analysed for flow properties based on USP/NF protocols. After granule compression, the tablets release profiles were thereafter assessed via the tablet dissolution and disintegration tests.Results: Weight variation, thickness and diameter were within the acceptable values for all batches indicative of a uniform flow. Batches with binder concentrations of 10 % and 20 % failed disintegration test due to a disintegration time above 15 min while the release rate for batches 1 and 4 was about 88 % in 60 min as against the other batches whose release rate was less than 50 % in 60 min as a result of increasing their binder concentrations.Conclusion: The study concluded that increasing the concentration of acacia and gelatin above 5% led to a decrease in percentage of drug released and an increase in disintegration time above 30 mins because 5% batches gave the best release profiles.
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Setty, C. Mallikarjuna, Radhika Muthadi, V. R. M. Gupta, M. V. R. Reddy, and Jithan A.V. "Effect of Tablet Processing and Formulation Factors on Disintegration and Dissolution of Aceclofenac Tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 3, no. 4 (February 28, 2011): 1240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.4.9.
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Aceclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used for posttraumatic pain and rheumatoid arthritis. The tablets were produced by simple wet granulation method. The post compressional parameters, hardness, friability, drug content of all the formulations were within the official limits. The disintegration time did not change with the type of diluents (mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose and dicalcium phosphate). However, it varied with the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone and microcrystalline cellulose. As the concentration of acacia was decreased, disintegration time decreased and hence, dissolution increased. Incorporation of superdisintegrants improved the disintegration time as well as dissolution of the drug. As the granules size increased disintegration time decreased and increase in dissolution was noticed. It can be concluded that the selection of combination of variables and levels were important in the optimization of aceclofenac tablet formulation.
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Alejandro, Blasco, Torrado Guillermo, and Peña M. Ángeles. "Formulation and Evaluation of Loperamide HCl Oro Dispersible Tablets." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 5 (May 18, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13050100.
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This work proposes the design of novel oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs) of loperamide HCl with special emphasis on disintegration and dissolution studies. The main goal was augmenting the adherence to treatment of diseases which happen with diarrhea in soldiers who are exposed to diverse kinds of hostile environments. Optimized orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by the direct compression method from galenic development to the industrial scale technique, thanks to strategic and support actions between the Spanish Army Force Lab and the Department of Biomedical Sciences (UAH). The results show that loperamide HCl ODT offers a rapid beginning of action and improvement in the bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs. The manufactured ODTs complied with the pharmacopeia guidelines regarding hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content, wetting time, percentage of water absorption, disintegration time, and in vitro dissolution profile. Drug compatibility with excipients was checked by DSC, FTIR, and SEM studies.
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M T, Ranjitha, and C. N. Somashekhar. "PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF MEFENAMIC ACID AND DICYCLOMINE HYDROCHLORIDE AS ORAL DISINTEGRATING TABLET BY DIRECT COMPRESSION METHOD." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation 10, no. 4 (August 23, 2021): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4572.104211.
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A new dosage form, Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT’s) as a replacement to conventional oral dosage forms. ODT’s are dosage forms they disintegrate in mouth offering various advantages such as better mouth feel, dose accuracy, improved stability and convenient dosing as compared to oral liquids. So, there is need to designed oral disintegrating tablet to release the medicaments with an enhanced rate. Mefenamic acid is an anti- inflammatory drug while Dicyclomine HCl is anti-cholinergic drug. The combination of Mefenamic acid & Dicyclomine HCl controls pain very effectively, also relaxes bodily spasm which commonly arises during menstruation or intestinal colic spasm. This combination gives the quick onset of action and fast relief than conventional dosage form. For preparation of oral disintegrating tablet nine formulations were designed using Croscarmellose sodium and Crospovidone as superdisintegrants in varying concentration. All the formulations were prepared by direct compression method. Thus, all the formulations of Mefenamic acid and Dicyclomine HCl oral disintegrating tablets were investigated, in which F9 formulation was optimized. The % drug release of, Oral disintegrating tablet batch F9 has shown 96.98% of Mefenamic acid and 94.02 % of Dicyclomine HCl in 18 min, disintegration time in 40 sec and wetting time in 25sec.
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Gupta, M. M., Niraj Gupta, Bhupendra S. Chauhan, and Shweta Pandey. "Fast Disintegrating Combination Tablet of Taste Masked Levocetrizine Dihydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium: Formulation Design, Development, and Characterization." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2014 (March 30, 2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/568320.
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The aim of this study was to prepare fast disintegrating combination tablet of taste masked Levocetrizine dihydrochloride and Montelukast sodium by using direct compression method. To prevent bitter taste and unacceptable odour of the Levocetrizine dihydrochloride drug, the drug was taste masked with ion exchange resins like Kyron-T-104 and Tulsion-412. Among the two resins, Kyron-T-104 was selected for further studies because of high drug loading capacity, low cost, and better drug release profile. An ion exchange resin complex was prepared by the batch technique and various parameters; namely, resin activation, drug: resin ratio, pH, temperature, and stirring time, and swelling time were optimized to successfully formulate the tasteless drug resin complex (DRC). The tablets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 102 as diluent along with crospovidone (CP), croscarmellose sodium (CCM), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as a superdisintegrants. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time (DT), and dissolution study and it was concluded that the tablet formulation prepared with 2% SSG + CCS showed better disintegration time in comparison with other formulation and good drug release. The stability studies were carried out for the optimized batch for three months and it showed acceptable results.
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A R, Chandrasekaran, Chen Yi Han, Alex Chin Yang Chung, Lim Wei Cheang, and Low Sing Ping. "Post–market In vitro Equivalency Evaluation of Paracetamol Tablets in Kedah, Malaysia." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2011): 1403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.2.5.
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Six brands of paracetamol (acetaminophen) 500 mg tablets have been evaluated using specific quality control tests for uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, content, disintegration and dissolution with the aim to assess its bioequivalence. The results obtained have been discussed in details using monographs in United States Pharmacopeia and British Pharmacopoeia. In conclusion, despite some apparent minor differences in tablet hardness and disintegration time profiles, the dissolution characteristics of various paracetamol tablets appears to be similar and not significantly different from various manufacturers.
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Huong, Bui Thi Thu, Boonyaphat Monsatta, Nguyen Duc Hanh, Phan Hoang Doan Phuong, and Do Quang Duong. "STUDY ON CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONS AND OPTIMIZATION OF TABLETS CONTAINING AQUILARIA CRASSNA SPRAY-DRIED EXTRACT." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2017): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.21117.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and optimize the formulation of tablets containing Aquilaria crassna extract using the direct compression method.Methods: D-optimal design based on three independent variables was applied to evaluate the cause-effect relations and optimize the A. crassna tablet formulation. The weight variation (Y1), disintegration time (Y2), hardness (Y3) and friability (Y4) were investigated with respect to three independent variables including % dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) in filler (X1), % filler (X2) and % croscarmellose sodium (CCNa) (X3). The dissolution study of the optimized A. crassna tablets were investigated in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) (pH 1.2) using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for mangiferin analysis.Results: All investigation factors were found to have significant effects on the physical properties of A. crassna tablet. The tablet hardness and the disintegration time increased in positive relations with the ratios of DCPA. The results exhibited the negative relations between disintegration time and the percentages of CCNa. The optimized A. crassna tablet formulation which included 35 % (w/w) DCPA in filler, 60 % (w/w) filler and 7% (w/w) CCNa possessed the weight variation of 1.38 % (w/w), the disintegration time of 6.29 min, the hardness of 85.63 N and the friability of 0.41 % (w/w). The optimized A. crassna tablet formulation was experimentally examined which demonstrated a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values. Mangiferin was found to release completely from the optimized A. crassna tablets within 30 min.Conclusion: The cause-effect relations and optimization of A. crassna tablet formulation were investigated and reported for the first time. The A. crassna spray-dried extract could be formulated into tablet by direct compression method with good mechanical properties and acceptable release profile.
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Kumar, Y. Shravan, Prashanthi Patel, Sravanthi Ch, and Rashmi B. "Formulation and Evaluation of Taste Masked Oral Disintegrating Tablets of Aripiprazole." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 2723–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2015.8.1.4.
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Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic agent used for treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorders. In the present work, oral disintegrating tablets of aripiprazole were developed to enhance the patient compliance and provide rapid onset of action. The efficacy of aripiprazole is mediated through a combination of partial agonist activity at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT-1A receptors and antagonist activity at 5HT-2A receptors. It has a bitter taste and poor-solubility in water. Thus, the main objective of the study is to formulate taste masked oral disintegrating tablets of aripiprazole by using inclusion complex beta-cyclodextrin to achieve a better dissolution rate and further improving the bioavailability of the drug. Oral disintegrating tablets were prepared by direct compression method using super disintegrant like crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate and combinations of cros-povidone with croscarmellose sodium, and crospovidone with sodium starch glycolate in different concentrations. They were evaluated for the pre-compression parameters such as bulk density, compressibility, Hausner ratio and angle of repose. The prepared batches of tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content, disintegration time, wetting time, in vitro dispersion time, and in vitro dissolution profile. All these parameters were found to be satisfactory. Among all, the formulation F15 containing crospovidone 5% + cros-povidone with croscarmellose sodium 5% was considered to be the optimum formulation, which released nearly 99% of the drug in 20 minutes with a disintegration time of 10. 20 seconds. These studies indicate the viability and benefits of oral disintegrating tablets of aripiprazole.