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Academic literature on the topic 'Disjoncteur Haute-Tension'
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Journal articles on the topic "Disjoncteur Haute-Tension"
Dupraz, J. P., A. Fanget, T. Jung, and G. F. Montillet. "Outils de diagnostic et de surveillance d'état appliqués à la gestion du capital. Application aux disjoncteurs à haute tension." J3eA 4 (2005): 004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bib-j3ea:2005854.
Full text-ROBIN-JOUAN, Philippe. "Peut-on faire confiance à la simulation numérique de la coupure haute tension pour développer les disjoncteurs du futur ?" Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, no. 10 (2004): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.2004.100.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Disjoncteur Haute-Tension"
Randrianarivao, Dannet. "Modélisation des écoulements dans un disjoncteur haute tension." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1781/.
Full textThis work deals with the theoretical study of plasma behavior in high voltage circuit breaker (HVCB) during the high current to the zero crossing of the alternating current. The initial pressure is 6 bars and the maximum intensity is 57 kA. The study was mainly focused on the influence of ablation of the Teflon walls (C2F4) and the pressure increase in the thermal expansion volume. A good description of this pressure rise is essential because it affects the blowing of the arc and dielectric covering at the zero crossing of the current. Magneto hydrodynamic transient model based on finite volume method has been developed using the commercial code Fluent Arobase complemented by numerous modules which are specific to the description of the plasma in the presence of the electric arc. The model takes into account the description of the plasma flow by considering: the Joule effect, the Lorentz forces, the turbulence phenomena and the ablation of nozzles. In order to quantify the radiative flux deposited to the wall, different models such as the P-1 and the DOM approaches have been implemented and applied. Finally, a hybrid model which is benefiting from the advantages of both models is proposed after validation. At first, some backgrounds on HVCB are given. We then present the implementation of the model with different installed modules. The theoretical results related to the pressure rise are compared with experimental results. The ablated mass, corresponding to the deposited energy to the wall, is also compared and validated with experimental results. This ablated mass leads to a geometry deformation that we have also taken into account. We study the influence of the geometry deformation on the pressure rise and therefore the life span of the circuit breaker. Finally, an explanation of the mechanisms leading to the pressure increase in the heating volume is proposed
Courrege, Maeva. "Caractérisation des interactions plasma/parois dans un disjoncteur haute tension." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30162/document.
Full textHigh-voltage circuit breakers, present in the power grid, ensure in safety the electricity distribution. When an error is detected, or for a maintenance operation, the opening of the electrical contacts within the circuit breaker causes the appearance of an electric arc at its terminals. Protection and cut-off will only be effective if the electrical arc cut off. Many parameters, geometric and physical, are involved in the breaking capacity of a circuit breaker. The aim of this work is to analyze the impact of plasma on the various materials making up the circuit breaker. A purely theoretical approach is tackled through the use of the commercial software ANSYS Fluent. This work is carried out in collaboration with Siemens, which provides the experimental data necessary for the discussion and validation of the model. In this work, we first consider the ablation of teflon nozzles. This phenomenon is taken into account in our study, using an ablation model based on the theory of T. Christen. The ablation of the walls plays a fundamental role on the rise in pressure in the heating volumes, and has a direct effect on the cut-off realization. Thus, the role and quantification of C2F4 vapors are discussed and detailed. The second plasma / material interaction that should be studied is that with the mobile electrode made of a tungsten copper mixture. This interaction is rarely studied in the literature. The implementation requires the development of sub-layers models in the vicinity of the electrode, based on energy and flux balances, which make it possible to determine by non-equilibrium approaches the temperature of the electrodes and the rate of vapor production. On a real circuit breaker configuration, the temporal characteristics of the physical (temperature, velocities, pressure) and electrical (current, voltage) quantities are presented and discussed in the high current phase. We conclude on the need to consider the ablation of C2F4 for a good description of the rise in pressure in the heating volumes because they condition the blowing at the moment of current-zero and on the need to take into account the copper vapors because these are present at the zero crossing of the current and then condition the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker
Chevrier, Pierre. "Simulation numérique de l'interaction arc électrique - écoulements gazeux dans les disjoncteurs moyenne et haute tension." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337263/.
Full textBeauguitte, Dimitri. "Étude du vieillissement électrique du polyéthylène téréphtalate pour applications haute tension." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20189.
Full textIn most high voltage gas insulated switchgears (GIS), electrical conductors are maintained by insulating materials based on epoxy resin. Due to economical and environmental problems (difficulties to recycle), these materials are subject to be replaced by thermoplastic polymers. This study focuses on the analysis of dielectric properties and behaviour of polyethylene terephtalate, intended to be used in GIS and other high voltage applications. Several properties of thick PET layers at initial state (breakdown strength, resistivity, dielectric constant, loss factor, resistance to partial discharges, conduction properties) are studied at different temperatures. An accelerated electrothermal ageing study undertaken under ac field (50 Hz) is presented in order to approach the limits of use of the materials and to evaluate its long term behaviour
Hermette, Loïc Deva. "Etude de l'impact des vapeurs métalliques et organiques sur les propriétés d'un arc de disjoncteur haute-tension." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30377/document.
Full textThe High Voltage Circuit Breaker (HVCB) represents one of the most important and complex components in the energy transmission, it must be there to isolate faulted section of a network, interrupt fault and abnormal currents: due to non-linear loads (for example arc furnace) or other load variation. Nowadays, to reduce the cost of HVCB development, the numerical model based on physical considerations is used for designing circuit-breakers. However, whatever the operating conditions, the arc does not establish in pure SF6, which is currently the dielectric gas used in the HVCB. In fact, during the interrupting phase the electrical arc is established between metallic electrodes (Cu) and quenched inside a nozzle composed by PTFE (C2F4), this electrical arc is an energetic environment which ablates the PTFE issue from wall and erodes copper issue from electrode. How it has been reported by several authors, the presence of organic and/or metallic vapours in the plasma modifies the properties of this one. Recent works have proved the impact of the PTFE vapour on the rise of pressure and the arc blown. Furthermore, the presence of metallic vapours has an important impact on the electrical conductivity and radiation emission. The calculation of the electrical arc properties composed by SF6-C2F4-Cu and SF6-C2F4-W has been performed for pressures up to 250 bars, temperatures between 300K and 30 000K and various mass concentrations with the assumption of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE). The first part of this thesis give a presentation of the High-Voltage Circuit Breaker. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the calculation of the total atomic and molecular radiation. The third part is dedicated to the calculations of the transport, which have been calculated according to the Chapman-Enskog theory with the following approximations: third for electrical conductivity and for electron translational thermal conductivity, second for heavy species translational thermal conductivity, and first for reactional thermal and viscosity. Finally, we focus on the elaboration of mixing for our ternary mixture. Currently, calculating the plasma properties at each time and for all composition, pressure and temperature in a numerical model necessitate consequential calculation time. For these reasons, we have studied different mixing rules for the mixture SF6-C2F4-Cu and SF6-C2F4-W
Nichele, Sylvain. "Modélisation physique et simulations numériques des écoulements dans les disjoncteurs électriques haute tension." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10110/document.
Full textThe numerical simulations are become a very important tool to design the high voltage circuit breaker (HVCB) chamber. They help for the understanding of the different phenomena which can take place between the 2 electrodes during an interruption process. The electric arc brings together many fields of physics more or less complex and many of these phenomena are still poorly studied. So many aspects remain to be explored to improve simulations. With the increase of the calculation power, these numerical simulations can take into account more phenomena. However, for reasonable simulation times, we need to know which phenomena are preponderant. The aim of these numerical simulations is to rapidly conclude on the capacity of geometry to success an interruption process compared to different other geometries, under a given stress. In this PhD dissertation, we are particularly interested on thermal and chemical non equilibrium that can occur in HVCB during an interruption process. Currently, most simulations are carried out with a strong hypothesis: the hypothesis of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE). This assumption allows us to alleviate the problem and to reduce the computing time. But this assumption becomes not valid when high temperature or density gradients occur. To do these simulations, the CARBUR numerical code has been used. In order to simulate flow behaviors in HVCB, an electrical arc (Joule effect and radiation) model and a module of mobile electrode have been added. Six different studies have been done and are presented: influence of the electrode shape, influence of the Navier-Stokes equations compared to the Euler equations, influence of the gas (SF6, CO2 et N2), influence of the thermal non equilibrium in a nitrogen case, influence of the position of the arc source terms in the different energy equations. In this work, a study on different nitrogen chemical kinetics is proposed. In these models, 5 chemical species are distinguished: N2, N, N+, N2+ and e-. Finally, 4 different temperatures are used: T, TVib-N2, TVib-N2+ and Te
Jan, Christopher. "Étude du transfert radiatif dans des plasmas thermiques de mélanges SF6 - C2F4 : application à la simulation de disjoncteurs haute tension." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2130/.
Full textHigh voltage current switching is operated by SF6 High Voltage Circuit Breakers (HVCB). While the electrical contacts separate, the current continuity is preserved by the generation of a thermal plasma of the electrical arc type. Radiative transfer has three major effects in these systems: Cooling down the hot regions by radiation emission, heating the cold gas surrounding the arc and ablating the PTFE ([C2F4]n) walls. Consideration of the radiative transfer requires a fine description of absorption spectra of the plasma (~300 000 points in frequency). Numerical simulation of these discharges is widely used for new HVCB development and the consideration of radiative transfer in such models uses approximated methods. These ones are based on low resolution absorption spectra description (~10 points) defined by Mean Absorption Coefficients (MAC). This work presents: • An original method for the generation of a data base of MAC, considering molecular and atomic continua and atomic lines for mixtures of SF6-C2F4 at temperatures from 300 K to 50 000 K and pressures from 1 to 100 bars. • Results of a 1D radiative transfer model, obtained with the fine spectral data base and with the utilization of MAC defined by various mean definitions (Planck, Rosseland, "mixed",. . . ) over various sets of spectral intervals are presented. Influence of the mean definition and the number of intervals on the flux and the divergence of the flux are highlighted. • The development of a wall stabilized arc model solving the considered equations with the finite volume method. This one allows a comparison of the net emission method with the P1 method which considers radiative absorption of cold regions, as well as a comparison between MAC sets defined by different sets of spectral intervals using an iterative method
Tezenas, du Montcel Benoît. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation d’un plasma de vapeurs métalliques dans une ampoule à vide pour le développement de disjoncteurs Haute-Tension." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0110.
Full textIn the frame of a project investigating the possibility to replace SF6 by vacuum as a breaking medium in High-Voltage circuit breakers, a study that focusses on acquiring a better understanding of the behavior of a metal vapor arc at long contact gap (> 10 mm) and controlled by an axial magnetic field (AMF) has been undertaken. The study involves first the building of an experimental setup where arcs, created between two fixed CuCr25 contacts, were visualized using a high-speed camera in a vacuum demountable chamber. Various types of arc regime have been observed. Moreover, by means of a numerical method of detection of the cathode spots, we were able to study the evolution of the spatial distribution of the cathode spots, to measure the average current carried by a spot and to determine the average radial profile of the current density at the cathode surface. This study had also for object the development of a 2D-axisymetric and quasi-steady magnetohydrodynamic model of the hydrodynamic flow region of the arc based on a two-fluid approach. The model allows to simulate the supersonic and the subsonic diffuse arc regimes. It is used to study the arc behavior as a function of to the arc current, the AMF intensity and the contact gap
Chevrier, Pierre Baras Pierre. "Simulation numérique de l'interaction arc électrique - écoulements gazeux dans les disjoncteurs moyenne et haute tension." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337263.
Full textBouti, Salima. "Etude du vieillissement thermique à long terme du PET : application à l'isolation électrique dans des disjoncteurs haute tension." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL017N.
Full textFor insulating application, AREVA has chosen PET (polyethylene terephthalate) to substitute the epoxy resin as material for insulators in High Voltage Gas Insulated Substation. The main problem of this application is the fact that in operating conditions, the temperature of the PET plates would reach even exceed its glass transition [70°C-80°C]. The material undergoes aging phenomena which affect the temperature-dependent properties. The current investigation aims at observing and analyzing the gradual evolution of the mechanical, morphological and dielectric properties during thermal aging. To reach this goal, semi crystalline PET samples have been aged under vacuum at different temperatures i.e. 60°C, 80°C, 115°C and 125°C for various periods of time (until 12 months). The characterizations have been performed using several techniques: Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), wide and small angle X-ray scattering (WAXS/SAXS), thermo-mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile test and morphological observation.The DSC measurements show that the crystallinity ratio increases with temperature and time of aging. The glass transition has increased. However no significant changes have been seen on the melting temperature. The DMA results agree with the DSC measurement in so far as it has revealed an expected increase of the Young modulus for all the samples studied. Significant differences have been observed using X-ray scattering: while the crystallinity ratio did increase, the long period has decreased specially for the case of aging at 115 and 125°C. The DMA measurements showed an almost stable glass transition around 80°C but an increase for samples aged at 125°C. When the samples have been subjected to the tensile test, a significant brittleness rise has been noticed. In addition, the SEM has revealed the presence of important amount of nucleant agent (talc, SiO2, MgO …)