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Schmidt, Mimmi. "Land Disjunctions; A historical survey." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147648.
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Parcelling was a land divison institution that was used intensively in Sweden during the years 1827-1928. The parcelling consisted of one person selling a certain, decided piece of land to another. The deal was sealed with a simple contract. Whilst the seller was a member of the villages commonities and his land was assigned a quantity in the village, and he was bound to pay tax responding to that quantity, the sold parcel was not. In order not to reduce the land owners taxability, the buyer was therefore required to pay an annual fee to the seller. This fee was to be approved by the county administration, and the buyer also had to apply for Title Deed to have the transfer approved. These approvals were for a long time the only points of control toward parcelling. Involvement of a land surveyor was not a required part of the parcelling process until year 1918. Parcelling was terminated in 1928, but the parcels created before then are independent real estate units just like any other. This means that they sometimes are affected by land regulations and surveys just like any other real estate. When investigating the contents of these parcels the contract, past claims and other factors shall be used, to search out the initial purpose of the transfer. The contract that seller and buyer signed is the main source of evidence. Unfortunately, the contracts do not always answer the questions that may arise over time. Maps were not always made, and even when they were, they might have disappeared over time or simply be unspecific. What then remains are past claims and other circumstances to provide clues about what the purpose may once have been. The questions that arise when a parcel is to be investigated often concern its borders, wether water was included, fishing rights as well as other rights and commonities. The issue of water for these parcels has been particularly contentious. Legal practice has concluded that there are no presumptions, although such have been suggested and sometimes applied. There are however a number of scenarios where water and fishing in principle can be considered to have been part of the transfer.Denna rapport redovisar ett examensarbete som syftat till att genom en litteraturstudie kart-lägga ett äldre jorddelningsinstitut, jordavsöndring. Jordavsöndring var ett jorddelningsinstitut, som fanns i svensk lagstiftning åren 1827-1928. Innan dess förekom också jorddelning som liknade jordavsöndring, men det var i allmänhet förbjudet att dela jord eftersom staten var beroende av skatteintäkter från jordägarna. Jordavsöndring gick, något generaliserat, till så att en person genom ett avtal sålde ett bestämt markområde till en annan. Med detta markområde – avsöndringslägenheten, jordavsöndring-en, avsöndringslotten – följde inte något mantal i byn och heller ingen skattskyldighet. För att inte minska skattekraften i stamfastigheten var köparen skyldig att betala en årlig avgift till säljaren. Den här avgiften skulle godkännas av länsstyrelsen, och köparen skulle söka lagfart för att få överlåtelsen godkänd. Dessa godkännanden var länge den enda kontrollen som gjordes vid avsöndring. Lantmätares inblandning blev inte en nödvändig del i avsöndringsprocessen för-rän år 1918. Jordavsöndringsinstitutet togs bort 1928, men fastigheter som avsöndrats innan dess är själv-ständiga fastigheter som alla andra. Det innebär att de blir berörda av lantmäteriförrättningar precis som alla andra fastigheter ibland blir. Vid bestämning av gränser till en avsöndrad fastighet ska överlåtelsehandlingar, innehav, och andra omständigheter användas för att söka syftet med avsöndringen. Det avtal som säljare och köpare tecknade är den viktigaste beviskällan när man ska utreda vad som ingår i en av-söndrad fastighet. Tyvärr erbjuder avtalen inte alltid svar på de frågor som kan uppstå med tiden. Kartor har inte alltid upprättats, och även när de har upprättats så är de inte alltid till hjälp. Kvar står sedan innehav och andra omständigheter att ge ledtrådar om vad syftet en gång kan ha varit. De frågetecken som uppstår när en avsöndring ska utredas rör ofta gränser, vattenområden och rätt till fiske samt rättigheter och samfälligheter. Frågan om vattenområdens tillhörighet för avsöndringar har varit särskilt omtvistad. Praxis har utvecklats till att det inte finns någon presumtionsregel, även om det har varit på förslag och i perioder har tillämpats. Det finns ett antal typfall där vatten och fiske principiellt kan anses ha ingått vid avsöndring.
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SILVA, Marcos Aurélio Almeida da. "CHORD: constraint handling object-oriented rules with disjunctions." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1955.
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Previous issue date: 2009Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Constraint Handling Object-oriented Rules with Disjunctions (CHORD), é uma extensão orientada a objetos (OO) de CHRv, uma linguagem relacional baseada em regras que foi inicialmente desenhada para a especificação em caixa branca de resolvedores de restrições mas veio a mostrar-se uma linguagem bastante flexível. Flexibilidade esta que vêm sendo demonstrada nos últimos anos pelo grande número de serviços de raciocínio e algoritmos que foram descritos concisamente por meio desta linguagem. Para definir a sintaxe de nossa extensão, nós nos baseamos na abordagem seguida na extensão de Prolog realizada por Frame Logic que é similar à nossa, na qual, a sintaxe de frames foi introduzida para representar construtores OO em cima dos relacionais originais. Além disso, em vez de forçar o usuário (programador) a se adequar à uma semântica pré-definida para esses novos construtores, nós escolhemos uma estratégia inovadora: desacoplar a sintaxe da semântica da linguagem permitindo que o conjunto de hipóteses semânticas seja totalmente configurável. Estes avanços claramente contribuem para o domínio do Raciocínio Automático e da Representação do Conhecimento (AR/KR), dentro do qual CHRv é a linguagem de representa ção do conhecimento mais versátil. Este trabalho também permite a integração dos serviços de raciocínio já providos por CHRv ao estado da arte em linguagens orientadas a objetos reduzindo a quebra de paradigma entre elas. Há também contribuições a outros domínios: em programação declarativa, ao disponibilizar a primeira linguagem a integrar as formas mais poderosas de programação orientada a objetos, baseada em regras e baseada em restrições. No domínio da Web Semântica, nós mostramos que nossa linguagem generaliza a semântica de três dos mais importantes padrões de linguagem de representação do conhecimento, provendo uma solução para o problema recorrente de integração nesta área. No domínio da engenharia guiado por modelos (MDE), este trabalho provê o primeiro mapeamento semântico para modelos UML/OCL, MOF/OCL e transformações de modelo explícitamente configurável e com fundamentação axiomática declarativa e operacional em CFOL. Neste trabalho nós apresentamos as sintaxes abstrata e contreta de CHORD, suas semânticas operacional e declarativa em CFOL, e uma ontologia de hipóteses semânticas para herança. Para validá-lo, nós apresentamos três estudos de caso mostrando que CHORD generaliza UML/OCL, Frame Logic e OWL
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Li, Huisong. "Shape abstractions with support for sharing and disjunctions." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE060.
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L'analyse statique des programmes permet de calculer automatiquement des propriétés sémantiques valides pour toutes les exécutions. En particulier, dans le cas des programmes manipulant des structures de données complexes en mémoire, l'analyse statique peut inférer des invariants utiles pour prouver la sûreté des accès à la mémoire ou la préservation d'invariants structurels. Beaucoup d'analyses de ce type manipulent des états mémoires abstraits représentés par des conjonctions en logique de séparation dont les prédicats de base décrivent des blocs de mémoire atomiques ou bien résument des régions non-bornées de la mémoire telles que des listes ou des arbres. De telles analyses utilisent souvent des disjonctions finies d’états mémoires abstraits afin de mieux capturer leurs dissimilarités. Les analyses existantes permettent de raisonner localement sur les zones mémoires mais présentent les inconvénients suivants: (1) Les prédicats inductifs ne sont pas assez expressifs pour décrire précisément toutes les structures de données dynamiques, du fait de la présence de pointeurs vers des parties arbitraires (i.e., non-locales) de ces structures ; (2) Les opérations abstraites correspondant à des accès en lecture ou en écriture sur ces prédicats inductifs reposent sur une opération matérialisant les cellules mémoires correspondantes. Cette opération de matérialisation crée en général de nouvelles disjonctions, ce qui nuit à l'impératif d'efficacité. Hélas, les prédicats exprimant des contraintes de structure locale ne sont pas suffisants pour déterminer de façon adéquate les ensembles de disjonctions devant être fusionnés, ni pour définir les opérations d'union et d'élargissement d'états abstraits. Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude et la mise au point de prédicats en logique de séparation permettant de décrire des structures de données dynamiques, ainsi que des opérations abstraites afférentes. Nous portons une attention particulière aux opérations d'union et d'élargissement d’états abstraits. Nous proposons une méthode pratique permettant de raisonner globalement sur ces états mémoires au sein des méthodes existantes d'analyse de propriétés structurelles et autorisant la fusion précise et efficace de disjonctions. Nous proposons et implémentons une abstraction structurelle basée sur les variables d'ensembles qui lorsque elle est utilisée conjointement avec les prédicats inductifs permet la spécification et l'analyse de propriétés structurelles globales. Nous avons utilisé ce domaine abstrait afin d'analyser une famille de programmes manipulant des graphes représentés par liste d'adjacence. Nous proposons un critère sémantique permettant de fusionner les états mémoires abstraits similaires en se basant sur leur silhouette, cette dernière représentant certaines propriétés structurelles globales vérifiées par l'état correspondant. Les silhouettes s'appliquent non seulement à la fusion de termes dans les disjonctions d'états mémoires mais également à l'affaiblissement de conjonctions de prédicats de logique de séparation en prédicats inductifs. Ces contributions nous permettent de définir des opérateurs d’union et d'élargissement visant à préserver les disjonctions requises pour que l'analyse se termine avec succès. Nous avons implémenté ces contributions au sein de l'analyseur MemCAD et nous en avons évaluées l'impact sur l'analyse de bibliothèques existantes écrites en C et implémentant différentes structures de données, incluant des listes doublement chaînées, des arbres rouge-noir, des arbres AVL et des arbres "splay". Nos résultats expérimentaux montrent que notre approche est à même de contrôler la taille des disjonctions à des fins de performance sans pour autant nuire à la précision de l'analyseShape analyses rely on expressive families of logical properties to infer complex structural invariants, such that memory safety, structure preservation and other memory properties of programs dealing with dynamic data structures can be automatically verified. Many such analyses manipulate abstract memory states that consist of separating conjunctions of basic predicates describing atomic blocks or summary predicates that describe unbounded heap regions like lists or trees using inductive definitions. Moreover, they use finite disjunctions of abstract memory states in order to take into account dissimilar shapes. Although existing analyses enable local reasoning of memory regions, they do, however, have the following issues: (1) The summary predicates are not expressive enough to describe precisely all the dynamic data structures. In particular, a fairly large number of data structures with unbounded sharing, such as graphs, cannot be described inductively in a local manner; (2) Abstract operations that read or write into summaries rely on materialization of memory cells. The materialization operation in general creates new disjunctions, yet the size of disjunctions should be kept small for the sake of efficiency. However, local predicates are not enough to determine the right set of disjuncts that should be clumped together and to define precise abstract join and widen operations. In this thesis, we study separating conjunction-based shape predicates and the related abstract operations, in particular, abstract joining and widening operations that lead to critical modifications of abstract states. We seek a lightweight way to enable some global reasoning in existing shape analyses such that shape predicates are more expressive for abstracting data structures with unbounded sharing and disjuncts can be clumped precisely and efficiently. We propose a shape abstraction based on set variables that when integrated with inductive definitions enables the specification and shape analysis of structures with unbounded sharing. We implemented the shape analysis domain by combining a separation logic-based shape abstract domain of the MemCAD analyzer and a set abstract domain, where the set abstractions are used to track unbounded pointer sharing properties. Based on this abstract domain, we analyzed a group of programs dealing with adjacency lists of graphs. We design a general semantic criterion to clump abstract memory states based on their silhouettes that express global shape properties, \ie, clumping abstract states when their silhouettes are similar. Silhouettes apply not only to the conservative union of disjuncts but also to the weakening of separating conjunctions of memory predicates into inductive summaries. Our approach allows us to define union and widening operators that aim at preserving the case splits that are required for the analysis to succeed. We implement this approach in the MemCAD analyzer and evaluate it on real-world C libraries for different data structures, including doubly-linked lists, red-black trees, AVL-trees and splay-trees. The experimental results show that our approach is able to keep the size of disjunctions small for scalability and preserve case splits that takes into account dissimilar shapes for precision
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McBane, Barbara. "Asynchronicities: sound-image disjunctions, deviant meanings, and Euro-American cinema /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Vigilante, Maria Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "Bodies of language and languages of power; feminism and its disjunctions." Ottawa, 1987.
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Maharaj, Shakira. "Disjunctions and convergences: a study of stakeholders' perceptions of public participation in service delivery in Cape Town's Blikkiesdorp." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11964.
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This study aimed to investigate the disjunctions and convergences between key stakeholder groups' perceptions of a public participatory relationship between The City of Cape Town Municipality and the Blikkiesdorp community. The key instruments for this research were semi-structured interviews, observation periods and documentary sources which included The White Paper on Local Government (1998), The Batho Pele Handbook (2009) and the National Policy Framework of Public Participation (2007). This analysis was conducted on a single case study in order to gain in-depth information about key stakeholder perceptions.
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Belluigi, Dina Zoe. "Excavating the 'critique' : an investigation into disjunctions between the espoused and the practiced within a Fine Art studio practice curriculum." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003413.
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This report presents the findings of a case study excavating the event of the ‘Critique’ (crit), the formative assessment method within a Fine Art Studio Practice curriculum. Arguments informed by critical postmodernism, education theories and contemporary art criticism are utilised to construct a dialectic of higher education, contemporary art and fine art studio practice. An emphasis is placed on the importance of agency, expressed through intentionality and critical thinking, with a recognition of the relationship between ‘the self’ and ‘the other’. Using critical discourse analysis, the disjunctions between the espoused and practiced curriculum are explored. The researcher analyses how the assessment practices of the case studied are influenced by unexamined agentic factors, such as inter-departmental relations, lecturers’ assumptions and prior learning, and structural determinants, such as the medium-specific Bachelor of Fine Art degree structure and prevailing artistic traditions. The research findings indicate that these are underpinned by tensions between two orientations, the espoused curriculum’s discourse-interest informed by critical theory, and the theory-in-use. The latter is shown to have unexamined modernist leanings towards formalism and a master-apprentice relationship between lecturer and students, which encourages reproduction rather than critical, creative thinking. The dominant discourses in the case studied construct a negative dialectic of the artist-student that can be seen to deny student agency and authorial responsibility. Findings suggest that students experience this as alienating, to the extent that to preserve their sense of self, they adopted surface and strategic approaches to learning. An argument is made for lecturers’ critically reflexive engagement with their teaching practice, and thereby to model ethical relationships between ‘self’ and ‘other’ during ‘crits’. In addition, emphasis is placed on how assessment practices should be more aligned with the espoused curriculum, so that the importance of a reflexive relationship between form and content, process and product, intentionality and interpretation is acknowledged.
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Carter, Matthew. "Perceptions and disjunctions in urban space exegesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art & Design, AUT University, 2009 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/794.
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Ji, Zheng. "Disjunction of narrative space." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1305455.
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"Book of architecture, as opposed to books about architecture, develop their own existence and logic, they are not directed at illustrating buildings or cities, but at searching for the ideas that underlie them."Bernard Tschumi (The Manhattan Transcripts)For me, after studying several years, architecture has become religion. The architecture design is no longer a creation but has become a discovery journey. The way to see and think is as important as design. This thesis is not going to show how I design, but how I see, how I think and how I understand the architecture.The aim of this thesis is to find a way to rethink architecture by examining the communication between observers, architecture and architect. By introducing the hypothesis of a communicative model, a structure that consists of the object and subject which involve in the interactive relationship needs to be addressed. For this purpose, structuralism linguistics is introduced to implement the analysis of the architecture. The structuralism linguistics directly deals with the interaction between object and subject. By the study, an ideological conclusion is presented, which I call projection.The second part is Guandong Museum Competition, which is completed when I worked in Eisenman Architects. As an example, this project not only shows the design, but also shows the relationships between several intertwined systems.The third part of this thesis is The Highline competition project which is my first attempt to implement the projection idea in the design. By applying the meaning layer structure derived from linguistics, the design offers a new architectural perception which is based on the understanding of the interactions between objects and subjects.Department of Architecture
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Feng, Yu. "Disjunction of Regular Timing Diagrams." Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1059.
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"Timing diagrams are used in industrial practice as a specification language of circuit components. They have been formalized for efficient use in model checking. This formalization is often more succinct and convenient than the use of temporal logic. We explore the relationship between timing diagrams and temporal logic formulas by showing that closure under disjunction does not hold for timing diagrams. We give an algorithm that returns a disjunction (if any) of two given timing diagrams. We also give algorithms that decide satisfiability of a timing diagram and return exact time separations between events in a timing diagram. An Alloy specification for timing diagrams with one waveform has also been built."
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Stewart, Paul. "Difference and disjunction in the prose of Samuel Beckett." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326364.
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Ivlieva, Natalia. "Scalar implicatures and the grammar of plurality and disjunction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84418.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 135-139).
This dissertation explores the role of scalar implicatures in the grammar of plurality and disjunction. I argue that scalar implicatures are relevant not only for the meaning of plurals and disjunctions, but also for their distribution in language. For example, the computation of scalar implicatures will be shown to be the decisive factor regulating the patterns of (un)grammaticality of plural agreement with disjunctive noun phrases (Chapter 3). But before getting to conclusions like that, I will spend some time on the semantics of bare plurals (Chapter 2), developing a version of the grammatical view of scalar implicatures along the way (some necessary background on scalar implicatures will be built in Chapter 1). The claim that scalar implicatures are calculated in the grammar is very far from uncontroversial. But if they really are, then many of the facts that I discuss could be predicted, more or less straightforwardly. If one treats scalar implicature calculation as a purely pragmatic process, these facts are arguably harder to make sense of.
by Natalia Ivieva.
Ph.D.
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Morak, Michael. "The impact of disjunction on reasoning under existential rules." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8f012c4-0210-41f6-a0d3-a9d1ea5f8fac.
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Ontological database management systems are a powerful tool that combine traditional database techniques with ontological reasoning methods. In this setting, a classical extensional database is enriched with an ontology, or a set of logical assertions, that describe how new, intensional knowledge can be derived from the extensional data. Conjunctive queries are therefore answered against this combined knowledge base of extensional and intensional data. Many languages that represent ontologies have been introduced in the literature. In this thesis we will focus on existential rules (also called tuple-generating dependencies or Datalog± rules), and three established languages in this area, namely guarded-based rules, sticky rules and weakly-acyclic rules. The main goal of the thesis is to enrich these languages with non-deterministic constructs (i.e. disjunctions) and investigate the complexity of the answering conjunctive queries under these extended languages. As is common in the literature, we will distinguish between combined complexity, where the database, the ontology and the query are considered as input, and data complexity, where only the database is considered as input. The latter case is relevant in practice, as usually the ontology and the query can be considered as fixed, and are usually much smaller than the database itself. After giving appropriate definitions to extend the considered languages to disjunctive existential rules, we establish a series of complexity results, completing the complexity picture for each of the above languages, and four different query languages: arbitrary conjunctive queries, bounded (hyper-)treewidth queries, acyclic queries and atomic queries. For the guarded-based languages, we show a strong 2EXPTIME lower bound for general queries that holds even for fixed ontologies, and establishes 2EXPTIME-completeness of the query answering problem in this case. For acyclic queries, the complexity can be reduced to EXPTIME, if the predicate arity is bounded, and the problem even becomes tractable for certain restricted languages, if only atomic queries are used. For ontologies represented by sticky disjunctive rules, we show that the problem becomes undecidable, even in the case of data complexity and atomic queries. Finally, for weakly-acyclic rules, we show that the complexity increases from 2EXPTIME to coN2EXPTIME in general, and from tractable to coNP in case of the data complexity, independent of which query language is used. After answering the open complexity questions, we investigate applications and relevant consequences of our results for description logics and give two generic complexity statements, respectively, for acyclic and general conjunctive query answering over description logic knowledge bases. These generic results allow for an easy determination of the complexity of this reasoning task, based on the expressivity of the considered description logic.
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Satpathy, Sri Jitendra. "Rules with Right hand Existential or Disjunction with ROWLTab." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1559146742960876.
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Rosenblatt, Ivana M. "Envisioning the Threshold: Pictorial Disjunction in Maarten de Vos." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1440085327.
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Begg, Imraan. "The Watched Towers : Creating disjunction in a river of movement." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7537.
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This dissertation is on how architecture can heighten the experience of a route through disjunction and weathering. My motivation for the route is driven by my fascination with movement along an existing spine, which stretches 700 metres from Woodstock station to the harbours edge. The route crosses eight different types of private and public transport modes offering different options. The route is made up of a series of existing 'disjunctions', which incorporates, inclines and declines including a 360 metre continuously raised footbridge. The approach uses the principles of Tschumi's 'superimpositions' to create disjunction in the architecture, together with the effects of natural and social weathering, to heighten the experience of the route. The project approach combines the existing layers of movement (the route), points (moments of intensity) and surfaces (weathering, social and natural) to activate the existing spine. Furthermore, it draws from the historical reference of the 'French lines' which once existed as fortifications separating Woodstock from the CBD. A series of pavilions designed to work within respective locations, using natural and social interaction to generate character through the architecture over time. Each pavilion acts as a regular moment in the landscape with typical and specific functions providing security and infrastructure over the entire route. The result is a route driven essentially by commuter movement, but disjoined at points to allow for physical and social interaction and alternative experience in the spaces. Moments of delay, rerouting, stopping etc. exist, at the same time allowing for the architectural experience of the route to manifest character over time. These moments further use the effect of environmental weathering on the buildings aesthetic as a continuous generator of character.
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Evans, Elizabeth Balconi. "CHO-HUMAN HYBRID CELLS AS MODELS FOR HUMAN CHROMOSOME NON-DISJUNCTION." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03302009-124708/.
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We have used Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-human hybrid cells containing chromosomes 16, 18, X, and 21 to test the ability of human kinetochores to successfully bind to spindle microtubules and to be distributed to the daughter cells. We have established the intrinsic rate of non-disjunction among these human chromosomes noted above and compared these rates with those in cells presented with mitotic challenges such as taxol, nocodazole, and mitosis with unreplicated genomes (MUG). Cells were grown on culture slides, fixed and processed for immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Daughter pairs were identified by staining with anti-á-tubulin to identify midbodies. Human centromere DNA probes were used for FISH in order to test for the successful passage of human kinetochores to daughter cells during anaphase. Our data indicate that different human kinetochores vary in their ability to properly engage the spindle and to be successfully distributed. In addition, mitotic challenges have been shown to affect the rate of non-disjunction. The mechanism of this effect is not yet known.
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Ziaei, Farid. "Architecture - Space and Content at the Disjunction of Intention and Interpretation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526909.
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Al-Said, Mona Fahad. "SEN provision and teacher training in Oman : a conceptual and policy disjunction." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sen-provision-and-teacher-training-in-oman--a-conceptual-and-policy-disjunction(aaf66573-62f8-4839-a032-102013f31864).html.
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Lam, Chung-keung Gary, and 林仲強. "Disjunction of history, memory, and identity: the narrative of wanderings in Clara Law." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953530.
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Molebatsi, Chadzimula Otsetswe. "Towards understanding policy-practice disjunction in urban planning : the case of Kanye, Botswana." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384834.
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Lam, Chung-keung Gary. "Disjunction of history, memory, and identity : the narrative of wanderings in Clara Law /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25549741.
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Jing, Chunyuan. "Pragmatic computation in language acquisition evidence from disjunction and conjunction in negative context /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8751.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Linguistics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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OLIVEIRA, DANIEL CARDOSO DE. "POLITICAL ART OR ART AND POLITICS: AN ANALYSIS OF THIS DISJUNCTION IN RANCIÈRE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21552@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Nesta dissertação é apresentada uma alternativa para pensar a eficácia política da arte que se distingue do seu uso instrumental. Para isso, postula-se que a conexão entre os campos da arte e da política se estabelece sobre uma experiência dissensual. Ambas as atividades embaralham a trama da experiência sensível na qual um mundo em comum se estabelece; é fixado, designado e repartido. A argumentação se divide em duas partes. Primeiramente, busca recompor uma estética da política – o modo pelo qual se configura um espaço de visibilidade para a ação e a argumentação políticas a partir do dissenso. Trata-se de uma experiência imprevisível e contingente que desfaz as conexões usuais entre causas e efeitos, ações e consequências. Ainda na primeira parte, se discute qual é efetivamente a perspectiva de emancipação por meio desta compreensão do fenômeno político frente à pretensão totalizante que caracterizou a tradição da filosofia política. Na segunda parte, será delimitado o escopo das preocupações da estética, contrapondo-a enquanto disciplina filosófica com a compreensão de Rancière de um regime estético da arte. Isto implica apresentar os diversos regimes com que a arte foi compreendida na tradição em analogia com os regimes de regulação do campo da política. Por fim, será discutida uma alternativa crítica para se pensar a efetividade política intrínseca ao regime estético que não recaia na simples atribuição de culpas e responsabilidades que caracteriza a instrumentalização tanto da política quanto da arte.
This dissertation presents an alternative to think about the political efficacy of art that is distinct from its instrumental use. For this, it is postulated that the connection between the fields of art and politics settles on the experience of the dissensus. Both activities shuffle the plot of sensory experience in which a common world is established, fixed, designed and distributed. The argument is divided into two parts. First, it seeks to recompose an aesthetics of politics – the way is established a space of visibility for the political action and argumentation from political dissent. This is an unpredictable and contingent experience that undoes the usual connections between causes and effects, actions and consequences. Even in the first part, we discuss what is effectively the prospect of emancipation through this understanding of the political phenomenon front totalizing pretensions that characterized the tradition of political philosophy. In the second part, shall be limited the escope of the concerns of aesthetic discipline set in contrast with the conception proposed by Rancière of an aesthetic regime of art. This involves presenting the various regimes that art has been understood in the tradition in analogy with the regulatory regimes of the field of politics. Finally, we discuss an alternative to think about the political effectiveness intrinsic to the aesthetic regime of art that does not lie in the simple attribution of guilt and responsibility that characterizes both the instrumentalization of politics and art.
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Ottolini, Christian Simon. "Chromosome segregation and recombination in human meiosis : clinical applications and insight into disjunction errors." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/53977/.
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Chromosome copy number errors (or aneuploidy) of gametes and embryos occurs in humans more frequently than in any other studied species, with a spectrum of manifestations from implantation failure to affected live births. It is predominantly problem arising in maternal meiosis with at least 20% of oocytes being aneuploid, a proportion that increases dramatically with advancing maternal age. Currently the only intervention to reduce the chances of transmitting aneuploidy is by invasive embryo biopsy procedures in high-risk groups (mainly patients with advanced maternal age) undergoing in-vitro fertilisation. Despite the severity of this problem, aneuploidy of the human preimplantation embryo is relatively poorly understood. With this in mind the purpose of this thesis is to explore the premise underpinning the use of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) in human embryos and investigate its clinical applications and current methodologies. A series of published works demonstrate what I believe to be a significant contribution to the development of applications for studying human preimplantation aneuploidy, also providing insight into its origins and mechanisms at the earliest stages of human development. Specifically, I present a novel standard set of protocols as a general reference work from practitioners in the fields of embryo biopsy and array comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH - the current ‘gold standard’ for preimplantation aneuploidy screening). I present a summary of work encapsulated in three published clinical papers using a linkage based analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) karyotypes (Karyomapping). Karyomapping was designed as a near-universal approach for the simultaneous detection of chromosomal and monogenic disorders in a PGS setting and these results demonstrate the utility of the technique in three separate scenarios. In order to study the underlying mechanisms of female meiosis I present my findings on the use of a calcium ionophore to activate human oocytes artificially. An algorithm based on Karyomapping (termed MeioMapping) is demonstrated for the first time specifically to investigate human female meiosis. By recovering all three products of human female meiosis (oocyte, and both polar biopsies – herein termed “Trios”) using calcium ionophore, I present a novel protocol (commissioned by Nature Protocols) to allow exploration of the full extent of meiotic chromosome recombination and segregation that occurs in the female germline. Finally I present a published set of experiments using this protocol to provide new insight into meiotic segregation patterns and recombination in human oocytes. This work uncovers a previously undescribed pattern of meiotic segregation (termed Reverse Segregation), providing an association between recombination rates and chromosome mis-segregation (aneuploidy). This work demonstrates that there is selection for higher recombination rates in the female germline and that there is a role for meiotic drive for recombinant chromatids at meiosis II in human female meiosis. The work presented in this thesis provides deeper understanding of meiotically derived maternal aneuploidy and recombination. More importantly it provides a vehicle within an ethical framework to continue to expand our knowledge and uncover new insights into the basis of meiotic errors that may aid future reproductive therapies.
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Clokie, Martha Rebecca Jane. "Molecular studies of Southern Hemisphere disjunction in three plant genera, Eucryphia, Griselinia and Coriaria." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29823.
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Three plant genera with South American-Australasian disjunctive distributions were studied: Eucryphia, Griselinia and Coriaria . The aims of the project were: a) to assess the utility of different chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences for phylogenetic reconstruction and b) by means of molecular clocks to establish whether or not this distribution is due to vicariance (continental drift) or more recent dispersal events. DNA was extracted, and regions of interest were amplified and sequenced. These were rpoA, trnL-F and trnU-K from the chloroplast genome, and rDNA 5.8S and intergenic spacers 1 and 2, Adh and two loci of the G3pdh gene from the nuclear genome. In each of the three genera, a single trans-Antarctic disjunction was indicated. Molecular phylogenies were produced using parsimony. Individual base pair variation was analysed in detail, and graphs were drawn to highlight variable regions. Sequences providing the most resolution were trnL-F, ITS and the two loci of the G3pdh. Robust molecular phylogenies were produced which are consistent with morphological, fossil and biogeographical evidence. Constancy of mutation rate across the different branches of the trees was checked using the Tajima test. Where constancy was established, the rate of evolution for the different gene regions was used to estimate the divergence times within each genera. Calibrations were performed using fossil data for Eucryphia and Coriaria average mutation rates derived from Eucryphia were applied to the Griselinia data set, owing to the absence of fossils. New Zealand became separated from Antarctica (and therefore South America) 95 - 80 million years ago, whereas average divergence times for Coriaria and Griselinia were found to be around 3 and 50 million years respectively. Similiarly, with respect to Eucryphia, Australia split from Antarctica 40 million years ago but the divergence time is 23.23 million years. The disjunction therefore must have arisen by dispersal which may have occurred either in the water by rafting or floating, or in the air in wind currents ( Eucryphia has winged seeds) or by means of birds (Coriaria and Griselinia have fleshy diaspores). A review of similar disjunctions in other plants and animals revealed that vicariance explanations were more likely to apply to groups at the taxonomic ranks of genus and above, whereas dispersal explanations were more likely to apply at the level of genus and below. The generic level is consequently of great interest.
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Villaverde, Hidalgo Tamara M. "Systematics and Phylogeography of "Carex capitata" Complex (Cyperaceae)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23368.
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Only thirty known species have populations at high latitudes in both hemispheres, this is, a bipolar distribution. Five of them belong to the genus Carex. Before attempting to elucidate the origins of such distributions, we need to resolve taxonomical problems that are typically encountered in such species. We focus on the Carex capitata complex, which includes Carex arctogena as a bipolar species, in worldwide scope sampling. A morphometric study and phylogenetic analyses based on maximum parsimony, Bayesian inference and Statistical Parsimony have revealed: a) C. capitata and C. arctogena are different species; b) C. anctarctogena is a synonym of C. arctogena and c) a great biodiversity previously undetected in western North America that could lead to the description of three new taxa (“Carex cayouetteana”, Carex sp. nov. 1 and 2) comprised in the so called “C. cayouetteana” lineage. More studies are needed in some C. capitata samples from Russia that appears in the molecular analyses in a strongly supported clade.
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Bunyan, Scott Callum. "Beyond disjunction and appropriation : struggles for personal connections in the works of John Edgar Wideman." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555264.
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Savin-Baden, Maggi. "Problem-based learning : a catalyst for enabling and disabling disjunction prompting transitions in learner stances." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006596/.
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This study demonstrates that while problem-based learning (PBL) may promote many of the abilities currently high on the agenda in British higher education in the 1990s, the wider implications of the implementation of PBL are more complex and far reaching. This multi site study was qualitative and post-positivist in its design and process. The focus was to: examine the expectations and experiences of staff and students in different professional and educational environments who are involved in using PBL in some way. What emerged was a new model for understanding the nature of learner experience on PBL programmes, charactensed by significant diversity between espoused aims and values, what happened in practice and in relationships between staff and students. Disjunction is a concept seen by many as a starting point for learning. (Jarvis, 1987; Weil, 1989). Students are often offered through PBL the opportunity to own their learning experiences and develop independence in inquiry. It is these very opportunities which seemed to prompt different forms of disjunction. This research extends earlier work around the concept of disjunction in learning, and the notion of enabling and disabling forms in relation to three different understandings of "learner stance". These three stances present a multifaceted view of learner experience. The emergent model suggests ways in which students are prompted to reflect upon and reconstruct their learner identity. This in turn may result in transitions within their personal, pedagogical and interactional stances as learners within particular environments. The study concludes by suggesting that the notion of learner stances and transitions which occur in relation to them, offer a framework for broadening current understandings of learner experience on diverse PBL programmes, whilst arguing that PBL may prompt new forms of transformation in relation to students' past, present and future constructions of learning and of themselves as learners.
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Work, Nicholas Christopher. "The Gig is Up: The Disjunction of Gig Economy Labor and the American Welfare State." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90784.
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The gig economy has rapidly become something of a phenomenon in the digital economy today. New firms are quickly being added to this digital market ecosphere and the business model has garnered the attention of the business and investor communities as a new organizational alternative to standard hierarchies. However this new business model also poses substantial problems for its workers, who as independent contractors are not afforded the benefits or rights of the welfare state that are granted to employees. As the gig economy continues to achieve financial success and holds a more prominent place in our labor force, the precarious state of gig labor is becoming an increasingly political problem. This thesis explores the present state of labor in the gig economy by situating it within the context of welfare state scholarship. I examine how the inner mechanics of the gig economy operate, as well as examine the structures of the American welfare state that create this dualist divide between contractors and employees. I argue that welfare state scholarship demonstrates a path by which gig laborers and gig firms can form cross class alliances that can help develop new welfare state policies to improve gig worker conditions and be supported by gig firms themselves.Master of Arts
The gig economy has rapidly become something of a phenomenon in the digital economy today. New firms are quickly being added to this digital market ecosphere and the business model has garnered the attention of the business and investor communities as a new organizational alternative to standard hierarchies. However this new business model also poses substantial problems for its workers, who as independent contractors are not afforded the benefits or rights of the welfare state that are granted to employees. As the gig economy continues to achieve financial success and holds a more prominent place in our labor force, the precarious state of gig labor is becoming an increasingly political problem. This thesis explores the present state of labor in the gig economy by situating it within the context of welfare state scholarship. I examine how the inner mechanics of the gig economy operate, as well as examine the structures of the American welfare state that create this dualist divide between contractors and employees. I argue that welfare state scholarship demonstrates a path by which gig laborers and gig firms can form cross class alliances that can help develop new welfare state policies to improve gig worker conditions and be supported by gig firms themselves.
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Bryans, Victoria Louise. "Canadian provincial and territorial archival legislation : a case study of the disjunction between theory and law." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28704.
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This thesis is an inquiry into the nature of current provincial and territorial archival legislation in Canada. It provides an analysis of archival legislation as a form of written communication and argues that the legislation suffers from the same deficiencies inherent in other forms of communication as a result of external social influences on its meaning. Chapter one therefore traces the evolution of the legislation from 1790 to the present and shows how the meaning of current legislative texts emerged neither from objective legal considerations nor archival theory, but as an ad hoc response to a variety of social influences. The remaining chapters are based on a detailed content analysis of the three main components of current provincial and territorial archival legislation: provisions establishing definitions of key terms, provisions establishing the scope and authority of administrative structures for archival programmes and provisions establishing programme elements. They elaborate on the argument advanced in chapter one that the social production of meaning, arising from the manner in which current provincial and territorial archival legislation has developed, adversely affects its ability to promote the preservation of documents in two ways. First, this process
of development has meant that wording in legislative texts carries overtones of outdated attitudes and assumptions about archives. Second, it has led to inconsistency, conflict, vagueness and ambiguity in the meaning of the texts. These chapters also put forth prescriptive ideas regarding how the adverse affects of social influences on the meaning of current provincial and territorial archival legislation might be overcome.Arts, Faculty of
Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of
Graduate
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Bizzari, Farid Fouad Mahmoud. "Cdc55 controls the balance of phosphatases to coordinate spindle assembly and chromosome disjunction during budding yeast meiosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5876.
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Meiosis is the process by which haploid gametes are produced from a diploid cell. It is a specialised form of cell division which involves one round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation. Errors in the segregation process can give rise to aneuploidy, which can result in miscarriages and birth defects. In the first meiotic division homologous chromosomes are segregated, and sister chromatids are segregated in the second division. This is coordinated with two rounds of spindle microtubule assembly and disassembly. How these two processes are coordinated is unknown. In my PhD, I study the role of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit, Cdc55, in budding yeast meiosis. PP2A is a conserved heterotrimeric enzyme that has important roles in mitosis and meiosis. These roles are dictated by binding to either of its two regulatory subunits, Rts1 and Cdc55, in budding yeast . I show that Cdc55 is required for the proper assembly of a meiotic spindle in meiosis I, through the maintenance of the Cdc14 phosphatase in the nucleolus early in meiosis. In addition, Cdc55 is also required to limit the formation of PP2A complexes with the Rts1 regulatory subunit, and this is essential for the timely dissolution of sister chromatid cohesion. Thus, Cdc55 couples spindle assembly with chromosome segregation through its interactions with Cdc14 and PP2ARts1. Finally, I show some preliminary studies looking at the possible downstream effectors of Cdc14 that are important in this mechanism.
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Rudenkaitė, Inga. "Socialinę atskirtį patyrusių vaikų elgesio sutrikimai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060704_203506-68513.
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Social disjunction is one of main problems discussed at national level and mentioned in various programs, as well as in debates on poverty and unemployment. Most painfully it affects children, since they are not able to control or influence circumstances determining social disjunction. Behavioral disorders in children who experienced social disjunction were taken as an object for this study. A hypothesis to say that social disjunction and behavioral disorders are closely related and interacting phenomena proved to be true. Persons who suffer various social difficulties such as low living, poor lodgment, broken social relations and ties, non-participation in political life of society etc. very often have behavioral disorders. The object of this study - behavioral disorders in children who experienced social disjunction - was secured by reviewing scientific, pedagogical, psychological and other literature from the point of view of the problem under discussion. Causes and structure of social disjunction were discussed; phenomenon of social disjunction, as well as behavior typical to children who experienced social disjunction was analyzed. Afterwards the recommendations were presented for work with children who experienced social disjunction.
After analysis of conceptions of social disjunction and comparison of them with those of poverty, one can maintain that the latter emphasize more prominently the shortage of material resources, meanwhile the conception of social disjunction... [to full text]
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Rousseaux, Sophie. "Ségrégations méiotiques des chromosomes remaniés dans les translocations humaines : analyse par hybridation in situ en fluorescence sur les noyaux spermatiques interphasiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10065.
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Une translocation équilibrée résulte d'un échange de fragments entre deux chromosomes non homologues, sans perte ni gain de matériel génétique. La ségrégation méiotique des chromosomes de sujets porteurs de translocations est analysée par hybridation in situ en fluorescence (FISH) multicouleur sur noyaux spermatiques interphasiques. Elle a d'abord été étudiée dans 27 000 spermatozoïdes provenant de deux frères porteurs d'une translocation réciproque t(6 ;11) (q14 ;p14). Trois sondes centromériques, spécifiques des chromosomes 6, 11 et 1 ont été hybridées simultanément afin de détecter tous les fragments centriques de la translocation ainsi que la ploïdie de chaque cellule. Chez ces deux sujets, les fréquences respectives des modes de ségrégation alterne/adjacent1, adjacent2, 3:1 et 4:0 sont de 70% (estimation par défaut), 9%, 3% et 0. 06%. Un sujet porteur d'une translocation t(2 ;14) (p23. 1 ;q31) a aussi fait l'objet d'une analyse de ségrégation par FISH en deux-couleurs sur 4 610 spermatozoïdes. Une sonde centromérique spécifique du chromosome 2 et une sonde clonée dans un YAC (yeast artificial chromosome), spécifique du fragment centrique du chromosome 14, ont été co-hybridées. Les fréquences respectives des ségrégations alterne/adjacent 1, adjacent2, et 3:1 sont de 80% (estimation par défaut), 5. 2%, et 5. 8%. De même, la ségrégation méiotique des chromosomes 14 et 21 a été étudiée grâce a deux sondes de YAC spécifiques des bras longs de ces chromosomes. Ces deux sondes ont été co-hybridées sur 1 116 spermatozoïdes d'un sujet oligoasthénospermique porteur d'une translocation robertsonienne t(14q ;21q). Plus des deux tiers des spermatozoïdes analysés résultent d'une ségrégation alterne, et 12% sont déséquilibrés selon le mode adjacent. L’analyse des ségrégations des chromosomes X, Y et 1 par FISH en trois couleurs sur les spermatozoïdes des quatre sujets porteurs de translocations n'a pas mis en évidence d'effet interchromosomique majeur. Cependant une légère augmentation des taux de disomies 1 a été observée.
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Zuo, Xingdong. "Derivation of the Lindblad Equation for Open Quantum Systems and Its Application to Mathematical Modeling of the Process of Decision Making." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematik (MA), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38711.
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In the theory of open quantum systems, a quantum Markovian master equation, the Lindblad equation, reveals the most general form for the generators of a quantum dynamical semigroup. In this thesis, we present the derivation of the Lindblad equation and several examples of Lindblad equations with their analytic and numerical solutions. The graphs of the numerical solutions illuminate the dynamics and the stabilization as time increases. The corresponding von Neumann entropies are also presented as graphs. Moreover, to illustrate the difference between the dynamics of open and isolated systems, we prove two theorems about the conditions for stabilization of the solutions of the von Neumann equation which describes the dynamics of the density matrix of open quantum systems. It shows that the von Neumann equation is not satisfied for modelling dynamics in the cognitive contextin general. Instead, we use the Lindblad equation to model the mental dynamics of the players in the game of the 2-player prisoner’s dilemma to explain the irrational behaviors of the players. The stabilizing solution will lead the mental dynamics to an equilibrium state, which is regarded as the termination of the comparison process for a decision maker. The resulting pure strategy is selected probabilistically by performing a quantum measurement. We also discuss two important concepts, quantum decoherence and quantum Darwinism. Finally, we mention a classical Neural Network Master Equation introduced by Cowan and plan our further works on an analogous version for the quantum neural network by using the Lindblad equation.
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Krämer, Mario. "Violence as routine : transformations of local-level politics and the disjunction between centre and periphery in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) /." Köln : Köppe, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016065096&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Carpenter, Stephanie Elizabeth. "Address." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1279725857.
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Weerasooriya, W. A. Tharanga. "Positive Polarity and Exhaustivity in Sinhala: A Study of its Implications for Grammar." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39358.
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This thesis investigates the implications of positive polarity for grammar. The empirical focus is on two positive polarity particles in Sinhala, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Sri Lanka. Sinhala has two particles -hari and -da that systematically appear across disjunction, indefinite and question constructions. Traditionally, these particles have been called Q-particles (i.e. Hagstrom (1998); Cable (2010); Slade (2011); a.m.o). They have so far been analyzed in terms of either Q-question/-uantifier operators (Kishimoto (2005)) or choice function variables (cf. Hagstrom (1998); Cable (2010); Slade (2011)). This thesis presents new data pertaining to the distribution and interpretation of disjunctions and indefinites formed with the two particles in contexts of negation, modals, quantifiers and intensional operators, that none of the previous accounts has captured. It proposes to analyze the grammar of the two particles based on their positive polarity character associated with exhaustivity (cf. Spector (2014); Nicolae (2017)). It claims that we can account for a wide range of grammatical phenomena such as ignorance inferences, scope or non/specificity effects, free/no choice implicatures and de re/dicto readings of -hari and -da disjunctions/indefinites in matrix and overt modal/quantifier contexts based on a distribution requirement (DR) derived by way of exhaustification with respect to alternatives of a disjunction or indefinite.
The thesis casts its proposal in a hybrid system of lexical (cf. Levinson (2000); Chierchia (2004)) and grammatical (cf. Fox (2007); Chierchia et al. (2012)) approaches borrowing insights from both approaches. It also utilizes a hybrid framework of Hamblin semantics (cf. Hamblin (1973); Kratzer and Shimoyama (2002); Alonso-Ovalle (2006)) to keep domain alternatives separated and application of an alternative sensitive exhaustivity (Exh) operator (cf. the grammatical approach) to derive implicatures. Obligatory exhaustivity is treated as a morphological requirement/ lexical property of the particles -hari and -da represented by an uninterpretable exhaustivity [unExh] feature. Then, this lexical property is factored into the grammar by way of the Exh operator carrying an equivalent interpretable exhaustivity [inExh] feature placed in the syntactic structure of a -hari and -da disjunction/indefinite construction at LF. “Inclusivity” and “exclusivity” components of the particles -hari and -da that have consequences for distribution requirements are derived by way of different morpho-syntactic requirements of the particles -hari and -da. Thus, this thesis proposes a fully compositional/grammatical account all the way from the bottom to the top in the derivations.
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Collins, Susan Beckford. "Science in the National Curriculum from Key Stage 2 to Key Stage 3 : process, procedure and practice to counter disjunction in pupils' learning." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310055.
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The question considered in this thesis is the extent to which the National Curriculum for science education achieved, in the first five years, one of the stated aims; 'to help children's progression ... and help secure continuity and coherence' (DESIWO, 1987b) during their transition from the primary to the secondary phase of education The issues which contributed to the disjunction in pupils' learning in science at the primary-secondary interface prior to the implementation of the National Curriculum are identified through a review of developments in science education, with an emphasis on the primary phase, during the last century. The findings of a two year investigation are presented and discussed. The study followed a sample of pupils through their final year of the primary phase and first year of the secondary phase shortly after the implementation of the National Curriculum. The report focuses on the initiatives, processes, procedures and practices introduced by one Local Education Authority (LEA) and by three primary phase schools and four secondary phase schools within the same LEA, to promote a shared view of the science curriculum among teachers in the primary and secondary phase and thus facilitate continuity and progression in pupils' learning. Later work from other researchers is considered to show that the findings of this investigation are still relevant and useful. The research used a qualitative approach to investigate the following issues as they related directly to continuity and progression in science education during the transitional phase: • In-service education and training initiatives to enhance the subject knowledge of teachers in the primary phase. • The procedures adopted for the formulation or modification of schemes of work for science in the primary and secondary phase. • Assessment procedures and practices implemented. • Liaison arrangements between primary and secondary phase teachers. • Strategies utilised by teachers in the management and organisation of pupils' learning in science at the macroscopic and microscopic levels in year 6 and year 7. The findings extend those of previous research. They show that within a sample of schools in one LEA, in all the issues studied in the research, the implementation of the National Curriculum for science education was ineffective in addressing the issues which contributed to disjunction in pupils' learning during transition. It also failed to institute a shared view of the science curriculum among teachers in the primary and secondary phase. The introduction of the National Curriculum was not in itself sufficient to overcome difficulties such as the lack of confidence in teachers (particularly in the primary phase) to teach aspects of science in which they lacked qualifications or previous experience. It was also found that other policies, particularly Local Management of Schools and the decline of the ability of Local Education Authorities to develop policies in all schools within the Authority, meant that there was no local coordination available for implementation of the National Curriculum. One major conclusion drawn from the findings of this research is that the decision to perpetuate a break in pupils' education at the point of transition through the introduction of discrete Key Stages for the primary and secondary phases of education not only impeded, but exacerbated the resolution of issues which contributed to a lack of continuity and progression in pupils' learning in science during the transitional phase.
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Lonergan, Natalie Elaine. "Characterizing the cargo binding and regulatory function of the tail domain in Ncd motor protein." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35511.
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Non-claret disjunctional (Ncd) is a kinesin-14 microtubule motor protein involved in the
assembly and stability of meiotic and mitotic spindles in Drosophila oocytes and early embryos,
respectively. Ncd functions by cross-linking microtubules through the tail and motor domains.
It was originally believed that the role of the Ncd tail domain was to only statically bind
microtubules. However, the Ncd tail domain has recently been shown to have properties that
stabilize and bundle microtubules, and contribute to the overall motility of the Ncd protein.
Continued characterization of the Ncd tail domain is essential to understanding the complete role
of Ncd in cell division. This work explored the regulatory function and microtubule binding
properties of the Ncd tail domain.
Ncd activity is regulated during interphase by nuclear sequestration. GFP-Ncd fusion
proteins, containing full length Ncd, individual Ncd domains, or combinations of Ncd domains,
were used to identify the presence of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the Ncd polypeptide.
The nuclear localization of only the GFP fusion proteins containing the Ncd tail sequence
indicates that the NLS is contained within the tail domain. Subsequent, experiments performed
with GFP fusion proteins containing segments of the tail domain indicate that essential NLS
amino acid segments may span the length of the tail domain.
Attempts to characterize the microtubule binding properties of the Ncd tail domain, using
bacterially expressed MBP-Ncd tail-stalk, were unsuccessful. MBP-Ncd tail-stalk proteins
aggregated under binding assay conditions, preventing an accurate determination of the
stoichiometric binding relationship between Ncd and the tubulin dimer.Master of Science
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Oliveira, Jovana Mauricio Acosta de. "Análise funcional das construções correlatas alternativas." Niterói, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3419.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho tem como objetivo observar os padrões de uso das construções correlatas alternativas à luz da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, reunindo tanto pressupostos funcionalistas quanto construcionistas. Essa teoria parte do princípio de que a língua emerge a partir de seu uso e vai sendo moldada por meio de sua própria instabilidade. A partir dessa premissa, nossa pesquisa observa os usos e os contextos em que estão inseridas as construções correlatas alternativas. Pretendemos analisar o comportamento semântico e sintático que envolve esse tipo de construção dentro do quadro da correlação. Pretendemos, ainda, observar os valores sintáticos e semânticos de cada type correlativo encontrado. Com base na constatação de Fillenbaum (1986) de que algumas orações disjuntivas podem assumir um valor condicional, observamos se há sobreposição de valores semânticos nas construções correlatas alternativas analisadas e quais os fatores motivadores para esse fenômeno. O objeto em análise é tratado como construção, por aderirmos à proposta atual da Gramática de Construções nos modelos de Croft (2007), Goldberg e Jackendoff (2004) e Trousdale (2008). Nessa perspectiva, a gramática é vista de forma holística, ou seja, nenhum nível é central. Ademais, forma e significado são pareados como iguais e passam a funcionar, nesta teoria, como unidades básicas e centrais da língua, operando em diferentes níveis da gramática. O corpus utilizado é composto por textos retirados de versões eletrônicas da Revista Veja (http://www.veja.abril.com.br)
This study aims to observe the usage patterns of the alternatives related buildings in the light of Linguistics Centered Functional in use, bringing together both functionalist assumptions as constructionist. This theory assumes that language emerges from its use and is being shaped by its instability. From this premise, our research will observe the uses and contexts in which they operate alternative constructions. We intend to analyze the semantic and syntactic behavior involving this type of construction within the correlation table. It is intended to also observe the syntactic and semantic value of each correlative type found. Based on the finding Fillenbaum (1986) that some disjunctive prayers can take a conditional value, we will see if there is overlap of semantic values in the alternatives considered related buildings and what the motivating factors for this phenomenon. The object in question will be treated as construction, by adhering to the current proposal of construction of grammar in Croft models (2007), Goldberg and Jackendoff (2004) and Trousdale (2008). From this perspective, the grammar is viewed holistically, that is, no level is central. Moreover, form and meaning are paired as equals and will function in this theory, as basic units and language centers, operating at different levels of grammar. The corpus used is composed of texts taken from electronic versions of the magazine Veja (http://www.veja.abril.com.br)
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Popan, Marin. "L’hyperbate nominale en latin : construction, typologie, raison de texte." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20050/document.
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Dans sa première partie, cette thèse se propose d’éclairer la portée du terme d’hyperbate chez rhéteurs et grammairiens romains. L’examen montre que ce concept est utilisé dans deux sens distincts : d’abord, l’hyperbate au sens restreint qui n’inclut que l’anastrophe, et la transiectio – disjonction d’un syntagme, en particulier d’un syntagme nominal. Ensuite, l’hyperbate au sens large est utilisée par les grammairiens romains pour désigner cinq espèces qui concernent l’inversion de l’ordre des mots. Chez Julien de Tolède, on rencontre l’emploi du terme d’« hyperbate » aussi pour désigner de longues parenthèses interposées. La première partie du chapitre II de la thèse propose une brève présentation des réflexions sur l’hyperbate dans la tradition philologique et linguistique. Traditionnellement, l’hyperbate est présentée comme une figure de style ; les études modernes se concentre sur l’hyperbate représentant un moyen pragmatique de « mise en relief ». La deuxième partie du chapitre II a pour l’objectif de présenter l’encadrement et le champ médian (séquence de mots insérés) décrits par la linguistique allemande. Le chapitre III propose une étude typologie des mots insérés dans le champ médian et de l’ordre dans lequel ils sont linéarisés. L’étude est fondée sur un corpus de syntagmes nominaux disjoints comportant un génitif et un nom, relevés en particulier chez César, chez Cicéron et dans l’Histoire Auguste. Le champ médian peut être représenté par des mots et des groupes de mots variés, dont le nombre va d’un mot jusqu’à trois ou plus. Les résultats sont résumés dans des tableaux synoptiquesThis dissertation, devoted to hyperbaton in Latin, is divided into three chapters. The aim of chapter I is to examine the concept of hyperbaton used by Roman rhetoricians grammarians. It shows that this term is used in two distinct ways. Firstly, hyperbaton in the narrow sense covers anastrophe and transiectio, i.e. a discontinuous phrase, especially a discontinuous noun phrase. Secondly, Roman grammarians conceive hyperbaton in a broad sense for designating five types of inversion of word order. Furthermore, Julian of Toledo adds a type of “long hyperbaton”, i.e. long inserted parentheses. The first part of chapter II provides an overview of reflections about hyperbaton in philological and linguistic literature. Hyperbaton is traditionally regarded as a stylistic figure; however, Modern studies on this topic focus on pragmatic implication of the use of discontinuous phrases. The second part of chapter II presents the concept of framing and median field (sequence of inserted words), developed by German linguistics. Chapter III provides a typology of words inserted into a discontinuous noun phrase formed by a genitive and its head noun. Attention is paid to the order in which inserted elements are linearised. The research is based on a corpus of discontinuous noun phrases collected mainly in Caesar, Cicero, and Historia Augusta. The median field can be formed by various words or groups of words. Examples of median fields with two, three, and more words and their ordering are presented in synoptic tables
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Schmidt, William Richard. "Site-directed mutagenesis of the ncd microtubule motor protein." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-063348/.
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Gray, Jennifer L. "HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION AND INVENTORY OF COLLINSONIA VERTICILLATA IN SHAWNEE STATE FOREST AND STATE PARK, SCIOTO COUNTY, OHIO." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1149184142.
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Canter, Rachel. "Students' experience of challenge, difficulty and stuckness in higher education : a qualitative longitudinal study." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/24781.
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It is widely accepted that Higher Education should provide students with a challenging experience. Research on threshold concepts provides a framework for exploring challenging content within a discipline and has contributed to understanding how to support students with conceptual difficulties. However, less is known about how individual students experience challenge and difficulty in their academic studies, in particular how they respond and feel when they become stuck. This study explores students’ experience of challenge, difficulty and stuckness, how they responded and managed challenges and any associated feelings. The study, carried out in a university in the Southwest of England, used a Qualitative Longitudinal Research design to follow 16 students through the second year of a degree for Allied Health Professionals. Data were collected using the semi-structured and email interview methods. Data were analysed longitudinally and cross-sectionally using a constant comparison process. The findings and discussion are presented using a ‘natural’ style which aims to capture the student journey over the academic year. The study found that some form of challenge, difficulty or stuckness was commonplace in the students’ educational experience. The value of challenges which create uncertainty in education is recognised, particularly where students are grappling with boundaries around knowledge. Variation in students’ experiences was partly explained by their ‘spiky profiles’ (influencing factors such as prior education and work experience) and partly by differences in factors relating to strategy use. The students were creative and resourceful in developing a range of specific and generic strategies in several areas: the use of time and space; the management of expectations and acceptance of feelings; and monitoring and reflection. The study adds to current understanding of stuckness through an examination of the liminal spaces students encountered. The discussion argues for a more nuanced and holistic approach to understanding students’ engagement with a complex cycle of challenges and strategy use, which creates a range of expectations, tensions, feelings and opportunities. It identifies implications for Higher Education practice and calls for an understanding of the impact and interconnectedness of factors influencing students. It stresses the importance of providing structures for students to explore how they learn and develop their academic practice, in addition to discipline specific knowledge and skills.
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de, Siqueira Teles Fabrício. "Towards Model-Driven Engineering Constraint-Based Scheduling Applications." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2348.
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Previous issue date: 2008de Siqueira Teles, Fabrício; Pierre Louis Robin, Jacques. Towards Model-Driven Engineering Constraint-Based Scheduling Applications. 2008. Dissertação (Mestrado). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 2008.
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Trude, Brian J. "The Reality of the Provinces and Other Stories." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1460474022.
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Khojayori, Farahnoz N. "Floral symmetry genes elucidate the development and evolution of oil-bee pollinated flowers of Malpighiaceae and Krameriaceae." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5585.
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Specialization on insect and animal pollinators is thought to be the driving force for the evolution of floral traits. Specifically in the New World (NW), the oil-bee pollination syndrome has led to the convergence of floral characters in two distantly related families of core eudicots, Malpighiaceae and Krameriaceae. Both families display a flag-like structure that establishes a zygomorphic flower and floral oil rewards in epithelial elaiophores. These traits work concomitantly to attract and reward female oil-bees that help fertilize these flowers and in return receive oils. The underlying genetics of floral zygomorphy were studied in several clades of core eudicots, which implicated CYCLOIDEA2-(CYC2-)like genes of the TCP gene family to play a role in the establishment and maintenance of this trait. In Malpighiaceae, previous work demonstrated that two CYC2-like genes, CYC2A and CYC2B, are expressed during development correlated with establishing zygomorphy in flowers of NW Malpighiaceae. In this thesis work, I investigated the underlying developmental and genetic basis for the establishment of non-homologous and yet functionally similar traits in the oil-bee pollinated flowers of Malpighiaceae and Krameriaceae. In Chapter 1, I investigated the modification of a conserved CYC2 genetic program in the Old World (OW) acridocarpoids of Malpighiaceae following a major biogeographic disjunction. And in Chapter 2, I studied the floral ontogeny and genetic basis of floral zygomorphy development in Krameria lanceolata Torrey of Krameriaceae. This thesis work sheds light on the significance of the interdisciplinary study of floral symmetry evolution through comparative pollination ecology, development, and genetics.
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Chevret, Edith. "Ségrégations méiotiques des chromosomes sexuels chez les sujets 46,XY et chez les sujets porteurs d'anomalies numériques de ces chromosomes : analyse par hybridation in situ fluorescente (FISH) sur les noyaux de spermatozoides humains." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10072.
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Les segregations meiotiques des chromosomes 2, 7, 14 et 22 sont etudies par fish deux-couleurs sur les noyaux spermatiques interphasiques de sujets a caryotype somatique normal et de sujets porteurs d'une anomalie numerique constitutionnelle. Ces profils de segregation etant similaires chez les sujets 46,xy et chez les sujets 46,xy/47,xxy et 47,xyy, nous suggerons que la presence du gonosome surnumeraire n'a pas d'influence sur la segregation des autosomes. Les segregations meiotiques des chromosomes x et y sont etudiees par fish trois-couleurs. La cohybridation des deux sondes gonosomales et d'une sonde autosomale (sonde specifique du chromosome 1) est la technique la plus directe pour distinguer les hyperhaploidies des diploidies et en connaitre l'origine. Ainsi 142050 spermatozoides provenant de 5 sujets 46,xy, 27097 spermatozoides provenant d'un sujet 46,xy/47,xxy et 13722 spermatozoides provenant d'un sujet 47,xyy ont ete analyses. Les resultats observes chez le sujet 46,xy/47,xxy, compares a ceux obtenus chez les sujets normaux, nous permettent de proposer pour les spermatocytes 47,xxy, un modele de segregation reguliere des gonosomes, les deux chromosomes x formant un bivalent xx et le chromosome y un univalent. L'analyse de la segregation des gonosomes chez le sujet 47,xyy, d'une part, confirme l'hypothese de l'elimination du chromosome y surnumeraire dans la majorite des cellules germinales 47,xyy a un stade premeiotique, et d'autre part, suggere que quelques spermatogonies 47,xyy seraient aptes a accomplir la meiose. Le devenir de ces cellules pourraient etre lie a leur aptitude a former un bivalent sexuel homologue, l'univalent x etant ensuite perdu au cours de l'anaphase i. L'ensemble de ces resultats nous permettent de proposer un modele theorique de segregation pour les lignees germinales comportant trois chromosomes sexuels. Dans les spermatocytes i (47,xxy ou 47,xyy) les trois gonosomes s'organiseraient de facon a former un bivalent homologue (xx ou yy) associe a un univalent, respectivement, y ou x. Cette organisation serait le prerequis au bon deroulement de la meiose
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Monreal, Garcies Jaume. "Generació additiva de funcions d'agregació conjuntives i disjuntives discretes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97298.
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En aquest treball es defineix el concepte de generador additiu de t–normes i de t–conormes discretes. S’hi estableixen resultats generals sobre la generació additiva de disjuncions i les caracteritzacions dels generadors de les t–conormes bàsiques. Es planteja un algorisme per a decidir quan una disjunció és additivament generable, basat en l’algorisme Gamma de la teoria de convexitat. S’estudia la relació que hi ha entre la generació additiva amb la suma ordinal i amb l’anidament. S’introdueixen els conceptes de generador concau i generador convex. S’estudia la generació additiva de les disjuncions i les t–conormes suaus i bivalents sobre L*. S’insisteix amb l’aplicabilitat de la generació additiva quan es tracta de manejar la condició de T–transitivitat per a relacions d’indistingibilitat discretes. Finalment, s’estudia la relació que hi ha entre la generació additiva d’una t–conorma S i les propietats de l’S–implicació corresponent. Amb motiu de les propietats d’ordre i modus ponens generalitzat, es defineixen els generadors mixtos