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Journal articles on the topic 'Disjunctive restriction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Hardy, Charles J., and Robert Kelly Crace. "The Effects of Task Structure and Teammate Competence on Social Loafing." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 13, no. 4 (1991): 372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.13.4.372.

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Previous research has demonstrated that the difference between a group's potential and its actual productivity is, in part, a function of individuals exerting less effort when working as a team. This phenomenon has been labeled social loafing. Harkins and Petty (1982) have suggested that the way in which teammates think their outputs are combined to make up the team score and teammate competence may influence the social loafing effect. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of additive, disjunctive, and conjunctive task structures on individual effort expended by rowers and nonro

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ALVIANO, MARIO, WOLFGANG FABER, and STEFAN WOLTRAN. "Complexity of super-coherence problems in ASP." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 14, no. 3 (2013): 339–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147106841300001x.

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AbstractAdapting techniques from database theory in order to optimize Answer Set Programming (ASP) systems, and in particular the grounding components of ASP systems, is an important topic in ASP. In recent years, the Magic Set method has received some interest in this setting, and a variant of it, called Dynamic Magic Set, has been proposed for ASP. However, this technique has a caveat, because it is not correct (in the sense of being query-equivalent) for all ASP programs. In a recent work, a large fragment of ASP programs, referred to assuper-coherent programs, has been identified, for whic

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Kaminski, Mark, Bernardo Cuenca Grau, Egor V. Kostylev, and Ian Horrocks. "Complexity and Expressive Power of Disjunction and Negation in Limit Datalog." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 03 (2020): 2862–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i03.5676.

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Limit Datalog is a fragment of Datalogℤ—the extension of Datalog with arithmetic functions over the integers—which has been proposed as a declarative language suitable for capturing data analysis tasks. In limit Datalog programs, all intensional predicates with a numeric argument are limit predicates that keep maximal (or minimal) bounds on numeric values. Furthermore, to ensure decidability of reasoning, limit Datalog imposes a linearity condition restricting the use of multiplication in rules. In this paper, we study the complexity and expressive power of limit Datalog programs extended with

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Descher, Stefan. "Deduktive Schlüsse in der literaturwissenschaftlichen Praxis." Journal of Literary Theory 13, no. 2 (2019): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlt-2019-0005.

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Abstract It is sometimes suggested that deductive reasoning has no place in literary studies, particularly when it comes to the justification of literary interpretations. The thesis is that deductive arguments (almost) never occur and deductive reasoning plays no or at most a marginal role in the actual practice of interpretation. In this essay I will argue that this thesis is false. Using counterexamples, it can be shown that deductive arguments are de facto used in the practice of literary interpretation. Although only an exemplary and not comprehensive investigation of argumentative practic

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Luo, Qin. "Difficulties and Countermeasures on Restricting the Development of Project Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1808–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1808.

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Difficulties of engineering supervision are mainly in the complex beneficial relationship among the owner, supervision and contractor. Owners lack of knowledge on the need of supervision and uneven quality of supervision personnel bring about disjunction in the stage of decision making, design and construction during the project operating process. The measures can be used to introduce a new mechanism to eliminate the economic dependence between the supervision unit and the owner, enhance the construction of laws and regulations in supervision, improve the three main competitive consciousnesses

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Tromble, Rebekah. "Where Have All the Data Gone? A Critical Reflection on Academic Digital Research in the Post-API Age." Social Media + Society 7, no. 1 (2021): 205630512198892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305121988929.

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In the wake of the 2018 Facebook–Cambridge Analytica scandal, social media companies began restricting academic researchers’ access to the easiest, most reliable means of systematic data collection via their application programming interfaces (APIs). Although these restrictions have been decried widely by digital researchers, in this essay, I argue that relatively little has changed. The underlying relationship between researchers, the platforms, and digital data remains largely the same. The platforms and their APIs have always been proprietary black boxes, never intended for scholarly use. E

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Malachowski, Cindy, Katherine Boydell, and Bonnie Kirsh. "The social organization of workplace mental health: local and translocal ruling relations." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, no. 5-6 (2018): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-04-2017-0050.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to make visible the ways in which peoples’ experiences of mental ill health are coordinated and produced in the workplace setting. Design/methodology/approach This institutional ethnography draws from data collected from 16 informants in one Canadian industrial manufacturing plant to explicate how texts organize activities and align worker consciousness and actions with company expectations of a “bona fide” illness. Findings The findings demonstrate how a “bona fide” illness is textually mediated by biomedical and physical work restrictions, thus creating a

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Gutiérrez-Rexach, Javier. "The Semantics of Spanish Permission Sentences." Modal Verbs in Germanic and Romance Languages 14 (December 31, 2000): 89–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.14.06gut.

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Abstract. In this paper the formal semantics of Spanish directive verbs, especially permissive deontic verbs, is studied. A dynamic perspective is adopted in which the meaning of an expression is not its truth conditions but its discourse update potential. The paper focuses on the following aspects of directive permission verbs: the analysis of their basic meaning in contrast with other modals; aspectual and temporal restrictions on the complements of permission verbs; restrictions on the subject of permission verbs; combinations of modals; and conjunction and disjunction of permission stateme

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Sergeev, Igor' S. "On the complexity of bounded-depth circuits and formulas over the basis of fan-in gates." Discrete Mathematics and Applications 29, no. 4 (2019): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dma-2019-0022.

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Abstract We obtain estimates for the complexity of the implementation of n-place Boolean functions by circuits and formulas built of unbounded fan-in conjunction and disjunction gates and either negation gates or negations of variables as inputs. Restrictions on the depth of circuits and formulas are imposed. In a number of cases, the estimates obtained in the paper are shown to be asymptotically sharp. In particular, for the complexity of circuits with variables and their negations on inputs, the Shannon function is asymptotically estimated as $2\cdot {{2}^{n/2}};$this estimate is attained on

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Seldin, Jonathan P. "On the role of implication in formal logic." Journal of Symbolic Logic 65, no. 3 (2000): 1076–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586689.

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AbstractEvidence is given that implication (and its special case, negation) carry the logical strength of a system of formal logic. This is done by proving normalization and cut elimination for a system based on combinatory logic or λ-calculus with logical constants for and, or, all, and exists, but with none for either implication or negation. The proof is strictly finitary, showing that this system is very weak. The results can be extended to a “classical” version of the system. They can also be extended to a system with a restricted set of rules for implication: the result is a system of in

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Masuda, H., T. Hirano, M. Yanagida, and W. Z. Cande. "In vitro reactivation of spindle elongation in fission yeast nuc2 mutant cells." Journal of Cell Biology 110, no. 2 (1990): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.2.417.

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To investigate the mechanisms of spindle elongation and chromosome separation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we have developed an in vitro assay using a temperature-sensitive mutant strain, nuc2. At the restrictive temperature, nuc2 cells are arrested at a metaphase-like stage with short spindles and condensed chromosomes. After permeabilization of spheroplasts of the arrested cells, spindle elongation was reactivated by addition of ATP and neurotubulin both at the restrictive and the permissive temperatures, but chromosome separation was not. This suggests that the nuc2 cells

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Сенчуков, В. Ф., та Т. В. Денисова. "V-МІНІМІЗАЦІЯ БУЛЕВИХ ФУНКЦІЙ ЗА МАТРИЦЕЮ ВІДСТАНЕЙ ТА ЗВЕДЕННЯМ ДО ЗАДАЧІ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ". Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, № 88 (6 листопада 2020): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2020.88.10.

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The further development of the analytical method for minimizing Boolean functions (BF) in the class of disjunctive normal forms by the numbers of sets of argument values, called -minimization, is proposed. Such an approach allows to reduce the process of minimizing the BF to the use of an exclusively analytical description of all its steps using functions of the number of the set of the BF argument values. In general, the idea is to develop such a toolkit that allows at all stages of the minimization process to operate only with numerical objects – Boolean vectors, not involve a visual analysi

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Bate, Andrew, Boris Motik, Bernardo Cuenca Grau, David Tena Cucala, František Simančík, and Ian Horrocks. "Consequence-Based Reasoning for Description Logics with Disjunctions and Number Restrictions." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 63 (November 29, 2018): 625–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11257.

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   Classification of description logic (DL) ontologies is a key computational problem in modern data management applications, so considerable effort has been devoted to the development and optimisation of practical reasoning calculi. Consequence-based calculi combine ideas from hypertableau and resolution in a way that has proved very effective in practice. However, existing consequence-based calculi can handle either Horn DLs (which do not support disjunction) or DLs without number restrictions. In this paper, we overcome this important limitation and present the first conse

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Hasegawa, Akihiro, Osamu Samura, Taisuke Sato, et al. "Characterization of a Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosome Derived from Xq28 and 14q11.2 Detected Prenatally." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2875241.

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We present the characterization of a case with a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) detected prenatally derived from Xq28 and 14q11.2 maternal translocation. A 33-year-old Japanese woman, primigravida, underwent amniocentesis because of fetal growth restriction and fetal structural abnormality at 30 weeks of gestation. The fetal karyotype was identified as 47,XY,+mar. Additionally, the single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis revealed copy number gains at Xq28 and 14q11.2. A male infant, weighing 1,391 g, was delivered at term by cesarean section. Maternal and paternal karyotype

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Ray, Jack L., Rodney A. Reynolds, and E. Carranza. "Understanding Choice Utterances." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 41, no. 4 (1989): 829–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748908402395.

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When individuals offer choices, they intend them to be mandatory (requiring action) or permissive (not requiring action), and they intend them to be open (allowing the choice of both options) or closed (not allowing the choice of both options). In two studies subjects were presented with sets of syntactically equivalent disjunctive sentences with varying content designed to represent four patterns of permitted choice. The research indicates that individuals distinguish four distinct uses of “or” in deontic contexts, and that individuals more often judge choices as mandatory than permissive. Th

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Zhong, Yongda, Aihong Yang, Shujuan Liu, et al. "RAD-Seq Data Point to a Distinct Split in Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) and Obvious East–West Genetic Divergence in L. chinense." Forests 10, no. 1 (2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10010013.

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Liriodendron is a Tertiary period relic tree genus with a typical East Asian and North American disjunction distribution pattern. As an angiosperm base group of trees, Liriodendron provides a valuable resource for the study of evolution processes. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny and population genetic structure of Liriodendron based on the restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) of a wide collection of individuals from 16 populations. Our results reveal a clear phylogenetic break between L. chinense and L. tulipifera and obvious genetic divergence between the eastern and wester

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HALPERN, JOSEPH Y. "FROM CAUSAL MODELS TO COUNTERFACTUAL STRUCTURES." Review of Symbolic Logic 6, no. 2 (2012): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020312000305.

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AbstractGalles & Pearl (l998) claimed that “for recursive models, the causal model framework does not add any restrictions to counterfactuals, beyond those imposed by Lewis’s [possible-worlds] framework.” This claim is examined carefully, with the goal of clarifying the exact relationship between causal models and Lewis’s framework. Recursive models are shown to correspond precisely to a subclass of (possible-world) counterfactual structures. On the other hand, a slight generalization of recursive models, models where all equations have unique solutions, is shown to be incomparable in expr

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McKinnon, Gay E., Brad M. Potts, Dorothy A. Steane, and René E. Vaillancourt. "Population and phylogenetic analysis of the cinnamoyl coA reductase gene in Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 53, no. 8 (2005): 827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04195.

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Low-copy number nuclear genes are currently emerging as new markers for phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis. This study used the single-copy gene for cinnamoyl coA reductase (CCR) to gain insights into the evolutionary history of the forest tree Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (subgenus Symphyomyrtus, section Maidenaria). A population analysis based on CCR restriction fragments from E. globulus was combined with a phylogenetic analysis of 1.5 kb of CCR sequence from the major haplotypes. Two highly divergent CCR lineages were found in E. globulus. One lineage was prominent throughout the spe

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Fox, Danny. "Partition by exhaustification: comments on Dayal 1996." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 60 (January 1, 2018): 403–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.60.2018.474.

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In this paper I argue for a new constraint on questions, namely that a questiondenotation (a set of propositions) must map to a partition of a Stalnakerian Context-Set bypoint-wise exhaustification (point-wise application of the function Exh). The presuppositionthat Dayal attributes to an Answer operator follows from this constraint, if we assume a fairlystandard definition of Exh (Krifka, 1995). But the constraint is more restrictive therebyderiving the sensitivity of higher order quantification to negative islands (Spector, 2008).Moreover, when combined with recent proposals about the nature

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Prigozhina, Natalie L., C. Elizabeth Oakley, Amanda M. Lewis, Tania Nayak, Stephen A. Osmani та Berl R. Oakley. "γ-Tubulin Plays an Essential Role in the Coordination of Mitotic Events". Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, № 3 (2004): 1374–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-06-0405.

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Recent data from multiple organisms indicate that γ-tubulin has essential, but incompletely defined, functions in addition to nucleating microtubule assembly. To investigate these functions, we examined the phenotype of mipAD159, a cold-sensitive allele of the γ-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans. Immunofluorescence microscopy of synchronized material revealed that at a restrictive temperature mipAD159 does not inhibit mitotic spindle formation. Anaphase A was inhibited in many nuclei, however, and after a slight delay in mitosis (∼6% of the cell cycle period), most nuclei reentered interpha

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Byrne, Ruth M. J., and P. N. Johnson-Laird. "The Spontaneous Use of Propositional Connectives." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 45, no. 1 (1992): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640749208401317.

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We extend the model theory of reasoning to the understanding and use of propositional connectives, such as and, or, and if. We use a novel paraphrase paradigm to compare the model theory to an alternative one based on rules of inference. In Experiment 1, subjects paraphrased pairs of conditionals. Their general knowledge guided their combination of the antecedents: they used disjunctive descriptions to combine antecedents that were each sufficient to bring about the outcome, and they used conjunctive descriptions to combine antecedents that were both necessary to bring about the outcome. They

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Schiller, Anne. "How Do You Solve a Problem Like Saint Orsola?: Urban Space and Neighborhood Renewal in Florence's Historic Center." Human Organization 78, no. 4 (2019): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/0018-7259.78.4.288.

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Drawing upon results of fieldwork conducted from 2005 to 2018 in Florence, Italy, the article discusses renovation of a medieval convent and other urban renewal activities in the city center. It examines how the projects intersect with broader concerns regarding identity, change, and workways in the San Lorenzo neighborhood. San Lorenzo has deep associations with trade, including outdoor vending. Hundreds of men and women work in its homonymous open-air market. Notwithstanding vending's historical prominence, questions have arisen regarding whether the outdoor market today is an environment co

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De Giacomo, G., and M. Lenzerini. "A Uniform Framework for Concept Definitions in Description Logics." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 6 (March 1, 1997): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.334.

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Most modern formalisms used in Databases and Artificial Intelligence for describing an application domain are based on the notions of class (or concept) and relationship among classes. One interesting feature of such formalisms is the possibility of defining a class, i.e., providing a set of properties that precisely characterize the instances of the class. Many recent articles point out that there are several ways of assigning a meaning to a class definition containing some sort of recursion. In this paper, we argue that, instead of choosing a single style of semantics, we achieve better resu

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Xu, Chen, Rongrong Wan, Guishan Yang, Wen Lv, Qian Ma, and Bing Li. "Water quality control plan with BATHTUB model for lake inflow rivers – a case study of total phosphorus in Northwest Lake Taihu, China." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 3 (2018): 544–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.201.

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Abstract Total phosphorus (TP) standards for lakes differ from those for rivers in GB3838-2002. This disjunction may lead to the failure of lake-water quality improvement plans that control nutrient inputs from inflow rivers. With monthly monitoring data for the period 2009–2015, Northwest Lake Taihu was regarded as a case study and the BATHTUB model was utilised to simulate the correspondence between concentrations of TP in the lake and in its inflow rivers. A control plan for TP in Northwest Lake Taihu's inflow rivers is proposed. To guarantee the fulfillment of the control goals of TP in th

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Song, Yi-Gang, Ying Li, Hong-Hu Meng, et al. "Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Biogeography of Pterocarya (Juglandaceae)." Plants 9, no. 11 (2020): 1524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111524.

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Relict species play an important role in understanding the biogeography of intercontinental disjunctions. Pterocarya (a relict genus) is the valuable model taxon for studying the biogeography of East Asian versus southern European/West Asian disjunct patterns. This disjunction has not been as well studied as others (e.g., between Eastern Asia and North America). Several phylogenetic studies on Pterocarya have been conducted, but none have provided a satisfactory phylogenetic resolution. Here, we report the first well-resolved phylogeny of Pterocarya using restriction site-associated DNA sequen

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Silveira, Alessandra, and Claudia McKenny Engström. "The emerging culture of EU citizenship as “citizenship of rights” and the legal nature of the EU polity." UNIO – EU Law Journal 2 (June 1, 2016): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.2.11.

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The current European crisis shows a crucial disjunction between the expectations of EU citizens and the institutional forms of political integration available to them. The crisis imposes challenges to the EU integration process, which sees its legitimacy questioned, above all in the eyes of the citizens of Member States undergoing intervention, who live with harsh restrictions and low expectations of improvement. EU citizens have never been so attentive to the developments of the EU integration – as testifies the rejection demonstrated in May 2014 elections to EU Parliament, now counting over

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Toyn, J. H., and L. H. Johnston. "Spo12 is a limiting factor that interacts with the cell cycle protein kinases Dbf2 and Dbf20, which are involved in mitotic chromatid disjunction." Genetics 135, no. 4 (1993): 963–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/135.4.963.

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Abstract The DBF2 and DBF20 genes of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encode a pair of structurally similar protein kinases. Although yeast with either gene deleted is viable, deletion of both genes is lethal. Thus, the Dbf2 and Dbf20 proteins are functional alternatives for an essential activity. In contrast to deletions, four different mutant alleles of DBF2 are lethal. Thus, the presence of a nonfunctional Dbf2 protein, rather than the lack of function per se, is inhibitory. Here we present genetic evidence that nonfunctional mutant Dbf2 protein blocks the function of Dbf20 protei

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Bhabha, Jacqueline. "The Child—What Sort of Human?" PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 5 (2006): 1526–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081290009982x.

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The rights of the child [are] the first rights of citizenship.—Herbert Hoover's “Children's Charter”The assumption that children are not citizens is deeply rooted in our civic traditions.—Bill Bell, “Are Children Citizens?”The rubbish dump is close to where they live, but there is little money to be made there and it involves plenty of risks. The rats, the filth and the smell are all deeply unappealing; the risk of injury and infections from broken glass or jagged metal is high. Selling food is another option, but there are start-up costs…. In comparison with the jobs available, prostitution i

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Blyth, Ursula, Laurentiu Craciunas, Gavin Hudson, and Meenakshi Choudhary. "Maternal germline factors associated with aneuploid pregnancy loss: a systematic review." Human Reproduction Update 27, no. 5 (2021): 866–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmab010.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Miscarriage describes the spontaneous loss of pregnancy before the threshold of viability; the vast majority occur before 12 weeks of gestation. Miscarriage affects one in four couples and is the most common complication of pregnancy. Chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo are identified in ∼50% of first trimester miscarriages; aneuploidy accounts for 86% of these cases. The majority of trisomic miscarriages are of maternal origin with errors occurring during meiotic division of the oocytes. Chromosome segregation errors in oocytes may be sporadic events secondary to advan

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Al-Sayadi, Magdalena. "Disjunctive Inclusions in Arabic as Spoken Language: Grammatical Constraints." Journal for Semitics 29, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2663-6573/7326.

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Linguistic inclusions are natural forms of communicative competence, usually used for illocutionary or confirmative purposes. This paper focuses on disjunctions and their semantic and syntactic features. The usage of disjunctions cannot be treated as a coincidental issue, therefore much detailed study could bring more information. This study is based on a collected set of utterances and conversational analysis, including the most common Arabic disjunctions. Results are presented in tables with relevant comments. Cultural conditions must be considered since many of the Arabic inclusions are rit

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Patejuk, Agnieszka, and Adam Przepiórkowski. "Category Mismatches in Coordination Vindicated." Linguistic Inquiry, July 16, 2021, 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00438.

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Abstract Bruening and Al Khalaf (2020) deny the possibility of coordination of unlike categories. They use three mechanisms to reanalyze such coordination as involving same categories: conjunction reduction, supercategories, and empty heads. We show that their attempt leaves many cases of unlike category coordination unaccounted for and we point out various methodological, technical, and empirical problems with their proposal. We conclude that the so-called Law of the Coordination of Likes is a myth. Instead, all conjuncts must satisfy any external restrictions on the syntactic position they o

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O'Hara, Charlie. "Pathological Effects of Local Disjunction." Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology 2 (June 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/amp.v2i0.3755.

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When working in Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004; McCarthy & Prince, 1995), a balance must be found when positing constraints between those that are not powerful enough to explain attested forms of opacity, and those that are too powerful and predict problematic and pathological languages. Constraint connectives, which create new constraints whose violations are defined relative to those of two simple constraints, can be a simple and intuitive way to extend the power of OT to capture opacity. Local Conjunction (Smolensky, 1993; Moreton & Smolensky, 2002; Itô & M

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Tomioka, Satoshi. "Scalar Implicature, Hurford's Constraint, Contrastiveness and How They All Come Together." Frontiers in Communication 5 (January 14, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2020.461553.

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Disjunction with two scalar items, such as some or all of the books, has been regarded as evidence for the grammatical theory of scalar implicatures (e.g., Chierchia et al., 2012). Hurford's Constraint (Hurford, 1974) provides that disjuncts are banned from having an entailing relation, and to make such a disjunction comply with Hurford's Constraint, the meaning of some must be locally strengthened. Interestingly, however, the order of disjoined scalar items is not free, as noted by Singh (2008). The order in which a weaker scalar item comes first followed by its stronger scalar mate is better

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KUZNETSOV, STEPAN. "COMPLEXITY OF THE INFINITARY LAMBEK CALCULUS WITH KLEENE STAR." Review of Symbolic Logic, July 22, 2020, 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020320000209.

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Abstract We consider the Lambek calculus, or noncommutative multiplicative intuitionistic linear logic, extended with iteration, or Kleene star, axiomatised by means of an $\omega $ -rule, and prove that the derivability problem in this calculus is $\Pi _1^0$ -hard. This solves a problem left open by Buszkowski (2007), who obtained the same complexity bound for infinitary action logic, which additionally includes additive conjunction and disjunction. As a by-product, we prove that any context-free language without the empty word can be generated by a Lambek grammar with unique type assignment,

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Záveská, Eliška, Philipp Kirschner, Božo Frajman, et al. "Evidence for Glacial Refugia of the Forest Understorey Species Helleborus niger (Ranunculaceae) in the Southern as Well as in the Northern Limestone Alps." Frontiers in Plant Science 12 (May 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.683043.

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Glacial refugia of alpine and subnival biota have been intensively studied in the European Alps but the fate of forests and their understory species in that area remains largely unclear. In order to fill this gap, we aimed at disentangling the spatiotemporal diversification of disjunctly distributed black hellebore Helleborus niger (Ranunculaceae). We applied a set of phylogeographic analyses based on restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) data and plastid DNA sequences to a range-wide sampling of populations. These analyses were supplemented with species distribution models gener

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Парада, С. Г., М. Ю. Маркин, В. В. Столяров, and И. Ю. Шишкалов. "GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF AURIGEROUS MINERALIZATION LOCALIZATION AND THE STRUCTURE OF MUSHTINSKOE ORE FIELD (KABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC)." Геология и геофизика Юга России, no. 2 (June 19, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.23671/vnc.2015.2.55266.

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По результатам крупномасштабной геологической съемки, геохимических и геофизических данных проведен анализ литолого-структурных условий локализации золотоносных залежей и зон Муштинского рудного поля. Установлено, что важнейшим элементом структуры рудного поля является впервые выяв- ленная нами крупная флексура, осложняющая моноклинально залегающее северо-западное крыло Муш- тинской антиклинали. Обнаруженные в ходе поисковых работ золотоносносные рудные зоны и залежи приурочены к коленам флексуры и ее смыкающему крылу. По комплексу выявленных признаков Муш- тинское рудное поле отнесено к групп

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Seale, Kirsten. "Doubling." M/C Journal 8, no. 3 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.2372.

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   ‘Artists are replicants who have found the secret of their obsolescence.’ (Brian Massumi)   The critical reception to British writer Iain Sinclair’s most recent novel Dining on Stones (or, the Middle Ground) frequently focused on the British writer’s predilection for intertextual quotation and allusion, and more specifically, on his proclivity for integrating material from his own backlist. A survey of Dining on Stones reveals the following textual duplication: an entire short story, “View from My Window”, which was published in 2003; excerpts from a 2002

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