Academic literature on the topic 'Disjuncts'

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Journal articles on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Dickins, James. "Disjuncts." WORD 57, no. 1 (April 2006): 27–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2006.11432558.

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González-Álvarez, Dolores. "Epistemic Disjuncts in Early Modern English." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 219–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.1.2.04gon.

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This paper offers a description of epistemic disjunct adverbs in Early Modern English. Section I outlines the development of epistemic disjuncts in the history of English, concentrating on the kinds of comment they could lexicalise.. Briefly, OE epistemic adverbs only encoded the speaker's comment on the high probability or importance of the proposition they related to. ME allowed a new type of comment, namely on the low probability of the adjoined proposition. In the second section, the data drawn from the computarised Helsinki Corpus suggest that though Early Modern English is a transitional period in epistemic disjunct development, it shows greater semantic diversification than OE and ME. Syntactic and distributional features are considered in every case. Finally, sociolinguistic variables and the registers and text types which favour the occurrence of these adverbs are also specified.
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Barber, F. "Reasoning on Interval and Point-based Disjunctive Metric Constraints in Temporal Contexts." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 12 (February 1, 2000): 35–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.693.

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We introduce a temporal model for reasoning on disjunctive metric constraints on intervals and time points in temporal contexts. This temporal model is composed of a labeled temporal algebra and its reasoning algorithms. The labeled temporal algebra defines labeled disjunctive metric point-based constraints, where each disjunct in each input disjunctive constraint is univocally associated to a label. Reasoning algorithms manage labeled constraints, associated label lists, and sets of mutually inconsistent disjuncts. These algorithms guarantee consistency and obtain a minimal network. Additionally, constraints can be organized in a hierarchy of alternative temporal contexts. Therefore, we can reason on context-dependent disjunctive metric constraints on intervals and points. Moreover, the model is able to represent non-binary constraints, such that logical dependencies on disjuncts in constraints can be handled. The computational cost of reasoning algorithms is exponential in accordance with the underlying problem complexity, although some improvements are proposed.
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Wagner, Michael. "Disjuncts must be mutually excludable." Snippets, no. 37 (December 2019): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/snip-2019-037-wagn.

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Jo, Taeho, and Nathalie Japkowicz. "Class imbalances versus small disjuncts." ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 6, no. 1 (June 2004): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1007730.1007737.

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Uegaki, Wataru. "Japanese alternative questions are disjunctions of polar questions." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 24 (April 5, 2015): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v24i0.2423.

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We discuss the syntax and semantics of Japanese alternative questions (AltQs), and argue that they are underlyingly disjoined polar questions (PolQs). The argument is based on the following three observations: (i) the minimum syntactic size of a disjunct in a Japanese AltQ is VP or clausal, (ii) sentential operators above the disjunction in an AltQ are never interpreted in both disjuncts, and (iii) the clause-final particle in an AltQ has to be matched with the particle at the end of the first disjunct. It will be shown that these facts receive straightforward explanations under the analysis that treats Japanese AltQs as disjoined PolQs while they are problematic in a scoping analysis. We also propose a compositional semantics associated with the analysis, and address a potential problem regarding the intervention effect.
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Kowal, Iwona. "Disjuncts in teaching Swedish — a coursebook analysis." Scandinavian Philology 18, no. 1 (2020): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2020.104.

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Bajc, Andrew F., Alan V. Morgan, and Barry G. Warner. "Age and paleoecological significance of an early postglacial fossil assemblage near Marathon, Ontario, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-055.

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Organic materials recovered from deltaic deposits confined to the Black River Valley near Marathon, Ontario, provide information on lake-level history and local ecology for the region. Radiocarbon samples provide the first age determinations (ca. 8200 BP) for the post-Minong III – IV lake phases along the northeast corner of the Lake Superior basin. A minimum of 49 Coleoptera taxa and 22 vascular plant taxa indicate coniferous-forest and riparian communities. Overbank deposition along rivers flowing from the ice margin provided temporary ponds colonized by sedges and other aquatic plants and animals. Many records for both animals and plants illustrate occurrences of western and Arctic disjunct species in early Holocene time. Some "western" Coleoptera might still be present as disjuncts in the Marathon region.
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Pruitt, Kathryn, and Floris Roelofsen. "The Interpretation of Prosody in Disjunctive Questions." Linguistic Inquiry 44, no. 4 (October 2013): 632–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00141.

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Alternative questions differ prosodically from identically worded disjunctive yes/no questions in their accentual characteristics and their final pitch contour. Alternative questions are canonically pronounced with a final fall and with pitch accents on all disjuncts, while disjunctive yes/no questions are canonically pronounced with a final rise and generally without pitch accents on every disjunct. This article presents an experiment investigating the importance of these prosodic features in disambiguation. The experiment shows that the final contour is the most informative prosodic feature. Accentual characteristics also play a significant role, but, contrary to what is often assumed in the literature, cannot force an alternative question interpretation or a yes/no question interpretation on their own. Several theories of disjunctive questions are discussed in the light of these experimental results.
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Rahman, Syed Ziaur, and G. Samuel Vara Prasad Raju. "A Novel Class Imbalance Approach using Cluster Disjuncts." International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2014): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20894/ijdmta.102.003.002.006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Barrio, García Alejandra. "L’expression de la modalité épistémique en espagnol : étude diachronique des modalisateurs de doute." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100079/document.

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Notre thèse s’intéresse aux processus de création des adverbes de modalité dubitative dans l’histoire de l’espagnol. À l’aide des corpus de la Real Academia Española, CORDE et CREA, nous étudions du point de vue diachronique les principaux adverbes et locutions adverbiales qui expriment le doute du locuteur par rapport au contenu propositionnel de l’énoncé : por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo et igual. Notre recherche comprend ainsi la quasi-totalité de l’histoire de la langue espagnole, depuis le XIIe siècle, où l’on retrouve déjà quizá, jusqu’au XXe avec le surgissement de lo mismo et igual. Ces expressions ont des origines diverses – constructions verbales, syntagmes prépositionnels, etc.–mais elles fonctionnent toutes initialement comme des éléments intégrés dans la structure syntaxique de la phrase, dans laquelle elles transmettent des notions qui relèvent du hasard, de la temporalité, de la comparaison, etc. Ce travail s’occupe donc, dans un premier temps, d’élucider les chemins que ces expressions ont empruntés pour parvenir à fonctionner comme des adverbes de modalité dubitative et, dans un deuxième temps, il rend compte des relations qu’entretiennent ces expressions adverbiales, puisque, malgré leur apparente synonymie et interchangeabilité, ces adverbes diffèrent sur certains aspects les uns des autres. À cet égard, l’étude diachronique des contextes d’apparition, des valeurs et des fonctions des éléments qui ont intégré le paradigme nous permet de comprendre les différentes nuances et possibilités d’emploi qui caractérisent ces expressions une fois qu’elles acquièrent leur rôle d’adverbes de modalité dubitative
This thesis aims to study the creation processes of the modal probability adverbs in the history of Spanish. Thus, from the diachronic point of view, we study, with the help of the Real Academia Española corpora, CORDE and CREA, the main adverbs and adverbial locutions that express the speaker's doubt regarding the propositional content of the statement: por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo and igual. Our research covers practically the whole history of the Spanish language, from the twelfth century, in which quizá is documented, until the twentieth, when the most recent adverbs of probability, lo mismo and igual, arise. These expressions have different origins – verbal constructions, prepositional phrases, etc. – but all function initially as integrated elements in the syntactic structure of the sentence, in which they transmit notions related to chance, temporality, comparison, etc. This work, therefore, is concerned firstly with elucidating the paths followed by these expressions in order to function as probability adverbs and, secondly, it gives account of the relations that lie between these adverbial expressions. Despite their apparent synonymy and interchangeability, these adverbs differ from one another in some respects. In this sense, the diachronic study of the contexts of appearance, the meanings and the functions of the elements that have integrated the paradigm allow us to understand the different nuances and possibilities of use that characterize these expressions once they acquire their role of modal probability adverbs
Esta tesis se ocupa del estudio de los procesos de creación de los adverbios de modalidad dubitativa en la historia del español. Con la ayuda de los corpus de la Real Academia Española, CORDE y CREA, estudiamos desde el punto de vista diacrónico los principales adverbios y locuciones adverbiales que expresan la duda del hablante con respecto al contenido proposicional del enunciado: por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo e igual. Nuestra investigación abarca así prácticamente toda la historia de la lengua española, desde el siglo XII, en el que ya se documenta quizá, hasta el XX, en el que surgen los adverbios de duda más recientes lo mismo e igual. Las expresiones estudiadas tienen orígenes diversos –construcciones verbales, sintagmas preposicionales, etc.–, pero todas funcionan inicialmente como elementos integrados en la estructura sintáctica de la frase, en la que transmiten nociones relativas al azar, a la temporalidad, a la comparación, etc. Este trabajo se ocupa, pues, en primer lugar, de elucidar los caminos que han seguido estas expresiones para llegar a funcionar como adverbios de modalidad dubitativa y, en segundo lugar, de dar cuenta de las relaciones que mantienen estas expresiones adverbiales, ya que, a pesar de su aparente sinonimia e intercambiabilidad, estos adverbios difieren unos de otros en algunos aspectos. En este sentido, el estudio diacrónico de los contextos de aparición, valores y funciones de los elementos que han integrado el paradigma nos permite comprender los diferentes matices y posibilidades de uso que caracterizan a estas expresiones una vez que adquieren su papel de adverbios de modalidad dubitativa
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Feitosa, Rodrigo dos Santos Machado. "Revisão taxonômica e análise filogenética de Heteroponerinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59131/tde-17072012-114907/.

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Heteroponerinae Bolton (2003) compreende três gêneros de formigas: Acanthoponera Mayr, Aulacopone Arnol\'di e Heteroponera Mayr. Acanthoponera é exclusivamente Neotropical, enquanto Heteroponera mostra uma distribuição disjunta nas Américas e Oceania. O gênero Aulacopone, de posição incerta na subfamília, é conhecido por uma única espécie representada por um par de rainhas coletadas por volta da década de 1930 em duas localidades no sudoeste da Ásia (Azerbaijão). O presente estudo representa a primeira revisão taxonômica global de Heteroponerinae em nível específico e a primeira tentativa de se analisar as relações filogenéticas internas da subfamília com base em caracteres morfológicos externos de todos os táxons nela incluídos. O estudo dos terminais utilizados na análise filogenética resultou em uma matriz com 101 caracteres, sendo 50 destes empregados pela primeira vez em uma análise cladística envolvendo formigas. A análise filogenética demonstra a monofilia de Heteroponerinae, com pelo menos quatro sinapomorfias sustentando esta hipótese. Os gêneros Acanthoponera e Heteroponera também são monofiléticos em todas as topologias aqui encontradas. As relações internas apontam para uma posição basal do gênero paleártico Aulacopone, que figura como grupo-irmão do clado Acanthoponera + Heteroponera. Ainda assim, devido à falta de caracteres que ofereçam maior suporte à inclusão de Aulacopone em Heteroponerinae, este gênero é mantido como incertae sedis na subfamília. A relativa falta de resolução nas relações internas em Acanthoponera e nos ramos mais apicais de Heteroponera não impede o reconhecimento de algumas linhagens como evolutivamente independentes. A presença destas linhagens em pelo menos duas regiões biogeográficas e a proximidade filogenética encontrada entre grupos neotropicais e australianos revelam um interessante cenário biogeográfico a ser investigado. Após o exame de 33 dos 36 espécimes-tipo designados para as espécies e subespécies de Heteroponerinae, seis espécies são reconhecidas para o gênero Acanthoponera, das quais duas são descritas como novas. Heteroponera apresenta 21 espécies (seis delas descritas aqui pela primeira vez), sete das quais restritas à Região Australiana (três novas) e 14 exclusivamente neotropicais (três novas). Heteroponera flava Kempf é sinonimizada sob H. panamensis (Forel) e H. georgesi Perrault passa a ser sinônimo júnior de H. microps Borgmeier. Indivíduos de castas e sexos ainda não registrados (incluindo machos, gines e operárias) são aqui descritos pela primeira vez para diferentes espécies de Heteroponerinae. Novos registros de localidades expandem significativamente a distribuição conhecida para a maior parte das espécies. Observações de campo aliadas a dados de rótulo de espécimes de museus fornecem importantes informações adicionais acerca da história natural do grupo. Larvas de Heteroponerinae são predominantemente predadoras, alimentando-se de pequenos artrópodes coletados pelas operárias. Ocasionalmente, adultos podem se alimentar dos líquidos (hemolinfa) resultantes das feridas provocadas no tegumento das presas caçadas por operárias e de exudatos vegetais no caso de espécies arborícolas. Os ninhos de Heteroponera são encontrados no solo ou na vegetação e podem abrigar colônias com algumas dezenas a poucas centenas de indivíduos, sendo que as operárias forrageiam preferencialmente no solo. Acanthoponera nidifica e forrageia exclusivamente em árvores. Com relação à estratégia reprodutiva, algumas espécies de Heteroponera podem apresentar gines ergatóides dividindo a função reprodutiva com as gines aladas na mesma colônia, enquanto em outras espécies as gines aladas foram completamente substituídas por ergatóides. Como uma próxima etapa para a compreensão da história evolutiva deste grupo sugere-se uma análise das relações internas dos gêneros através de ferramentas moleculares e um estudo dos padrões biogeográficos de Heteroponerinae.
Heteroponerinae Bolton (2003) comprises three ant genera: Acanthoponera Mayr, Aulacopone Arnol\'di and Heteroponera Mayr. Acanthoponera is exclusively Neotropical, while Heteroponera shows a disjunct distribution in the Americas and Australia. The position of Aulacopone within the subfamily is uncertain as it is known by a single species represented by two gynes collected around the 1930s in two localities in Southeast Asia (Azerbaijan). This study represents the first comprehensive taxonomic revision of Heteroponerinae at specific level and the first attempt to analyze the internal phylogenetic relationships of the subfamily based on the external morphology of all heteroponerine taxa. The study of the species used in the phylogenetic analysis resulted in a matrix with 101 characters, of which 50 are used for the first time in a cladistic analysis involving ants. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrates the monophyly of Heteroponerinae with at least four synapomorphies supporting this hypothesis. The genera Acanthoponera and Heteroponera are also monophyletic in all topologies found here. The internal relationships indicate a basal position of the paleartic genus Aulacopone, which appears as sister group to the clade Acanthoponera + Heteroponera. Due to the lack of characters to provide robust support to the inclusion of Aulacopone within Heteroponerinae, this genus is considered as incertae sedis in the subfamily. The relative low resolution of the internal relationships in Acanthoponera and in the apical branches of Heteroponera does not prevent the recognition of evolutionarily independent lineages. The presence of these lineages in at least two biogeographic regions and the phylogenetic proximity found between Neotropical and Australian groups reveal an interesting biogeographic scenario to be investigated. After examining 33 out of the 36 type specimens designated for the species and subspecies of Heteroponerinae, six species are recognized in the genus Acanthoponera, two of which are here described as new. Heteroponera comprises 21 species, of which six are described as new; seven are restricted to the Australian Region (three newly described) and 14 are exclusively Neotropical (also three newly described). Heteroponera flava Kempf is synonymized under H. panamensis (Forel) and H. georgesi Perrault becomes a junior synonym of H. microps Borgmeier. Individuals yet not registered of castes and sexes (including males, gynes and workers) are here described for the first time for different species of Heteroponerinae. New records greatly expand the known distribution for most species. Field observations allied to label data from museum specimens provide important additional information about the natural history of the group. Larvae of Heteroponerinae are predominantly predators, and workers are occasionally observed feeding on plant exudates. Nests can support colonies with a some dozens to a few hundred of individuals. Heteroponera can nest in soil and vegetation, but preferably forage in the soil, while Acanthoponera is exclusively arboreal. With respect to the reproductive strategy, some species of Heteroponera may present ergatoid gynes sharing the reproductive function with dealate gynes, while in other species the winged gynes were completely replaced by ergatoids. As a next step to understand the evolutionary history of this group it is suggested an analysis of the internal relations within the heteroponerine genera using molecular tools and a study on the subfamily biogeographic patterns.
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Giglio, Maria Cecilia Motta Torres. "O problema dos dois caminhos disjuntos." [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275866.

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Orientador: Claudio L. Lucchesi
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação
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Resumo: O problema dos dois caminhos disjuntos consiste em determinar, dados vértices s1, S2, t1 e t2 de um grafo, se existem ou não dois caminhos disjuntos, P1 e P2 ligando s1 a t1 e S1 a t1, respectivamente. O problema se manifesta em quatro versões, a saber, o grafo pode ser orientado ou não, e a exigência de disjunção pode ser apenas nas arestas ou também nos vértices. Nas quatro versões, o problema admite reduções elementares do ponto de vista computacional que levam finalmente à solução ou a uma certidão da sua não existência. Esta análise apresenta uma interconexão interessante entre combinatória, complexidade de algoritmos e topologia. No caso de grafos orientados, exige-se também que o grafo seja acíclico, pois caso contrário o problema se torna NP-difícil.
Abstract: The two disjoint paths problem consists in determining, given vertices S1, S2, t1 and t2 of a graph, whether or not there exist two disjoint paths. P1 and P21 joining s1 to t1 and S2 to t2 respectively. The problem may be considered in four versions, namely, the graph may or may not be directed, and the disjointness requirement on the paths may be on the edges only or on the vertices too. In all version, the problem admits computationally elementary reductions which provide either a solution or a certificate of its nonexistence. The analysis presents an interesting interconnection between combinatorics, complexity of algorithms and topology. In the case of direct graphs, it is also required that the graph be acyclic, otherwise the problem becomes NP-hard.
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Mestre em Ciência da Computação
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Gotch, Wendy Ellen. "The Behavior of the Horned Passalus Beetle, Odontotaenius disjunctus (Illiger)." W&M ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626093.

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Fang, Sarah (Mieko). "Disjuncted [electronic resourdce] :a collection of stories /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9337.

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Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Sabovljević, Marko. "Genetic distances and phylogeography of selected disjunct moss populations in Europe." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980581338.

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Silva, Pryscilla dos Santos Ferreira. "Códigos lineares disjuntos e corpos de funções algébricas." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7350.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this work, based on algebraic function fields, we give constructions of disjoint linear codes. In addition,we study the asymptotic behavior of disjoint linear codes from our constructions.
Neste trabalho, baseados em corpos de funções algébricas, forneceremos construções de códigos lineares disjuntos. Além disso, nós estudaremos comportamentos assintóticos de códigos lineares disjuntos a partir da nossa construção.
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Boucher, Stéphanie 1974. "Diversity and zoogeography of Brachycera (Diptera) in disjunct grasslands of the southern Yukon." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21515.

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The diversity and zoogeography of Diptera (Brachycera) of disjunct xeric grasslands in the southern Yukon were studied. Over 20,000 flies were collected representing 32 families and 213 species. In terms of abundance, the predacious guild dominated (54% of total specimens) due mostly to the family Chamaemyiidae which represented 45% of all specimens. In terms of diversity, the phytophagous and parasitoid guilds were dominant (25.5% of total species each). The most diverse families were Agromyzidae (32 species), Chloropidae (31 species), Tachinidae (23 species) and Pipunculidae (20 species). Thirty-four undescribed species were collected and 58 species were recorded for the first time in the Yukon. Zoogeographic analysis indicates that the Diptera fauna of these grasslands is dominated by widespread Nearctic or Holarctic species, but the fauna also includes southern grassland species with disjunct distributions, and species endemic to Beringia. The presence of endemic and disjunct species suggests that these grasslands were present in Beringia during the Wisconsinan and acted as a refugium for grassland Diptera.
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Boucher, Stéphanie. "Diversity and zoogeography of Brachycera (Diptera) in disjunct grasslands of the southern Yukon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ50724.pdf.

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Johnson, Marie. "Demography and dendrochronology of a disjunct population of eastern hemlock in Southwestern Ohio." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535073403943795.

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Books on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Fernández, Amable. La rebelión de los disjuntos. Caracas, Venezuela: Ministerio de la Cultura, 2005.

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Symposium on "Tropical Intercontinental Disjunctions: Gondwana Breakup, Immigration from the Boreotropics, and Transoceanic Dispersal" (2002 University of Wisconsin, Madison). Tropical Intercontinental Disjunctions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

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Steven, Foster. East-West botanicals: Comparisons of medicinal plants disjunct between eastern Asia and eastern North America. Brixey, Mo., U.S.A. (HCR Box 3, Brixey 65618): Ozark Beneficial Plant Project, 1986.

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Weberling, Focko. Die Nachfahren der Gondwana-Flora. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, 1985.

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Belland, René Jean. The disjunct bryophyte element of the Gulf of St. Lawrence region : glacial and postglacial dispersal and migrational histories. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1985.

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Kolodny, Niko. Instrumental Reasons. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.32.

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Often our reason for doing something is an “instrumental reason”: that doing that is a means to doing something else that we have reason to do. What principles govern this “instrumental transmission” of reasons from ends to means? Negatively, I argue against principles often invoked in the literature, which focus on necessary or sufficient means. Positively, I propose a principle, “General Transmission,” which answers to two intuitive desiderata: that reason transmits to means that are “probabilizing” and “nonsuperfluous” with respect to the relevant end. I then apply General Transmission to the debate over “detachment”: whether “wide-scope” reason for a material conditional or disjunction implies “narrow-scope” reason for the consequent or disjuncts.
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Lassiter, Daniel. Scalar goodness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701347.003.0007.

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This chapter turns to deontic concepts. I argue that goodness is an interval scale, and consider two interactions with disjunction that would enforce the validity of the Disjunctive Inference: maximality (à la Lewis and Kratzer) and intermediacy. I identify a number of empirically problematic consequences of maximality, concluding that goodness is intermediate: a disjunction can be strictly worse than one of the disjuncts. I propose, as one way to flesh out the scale further, that goodness has the formal structure of expected value, and show that this proposal makes intuitively reasonable predictions about the puzzle cases for maximality as well as a wide variety of instances in which probabilistic information influences the relative goodness of outcomes. Finally, I discuss several possible schemata for the interpretation of the positive form good in light of the sensitivity of this item to prosodic focus and the non-synonymy of its positive and superlative forms.
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Portmore, Douglas W. Teleological Reasons. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.33.

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A teleological reason to φ is a reason to φ in virtue of the fact that φ-ing would either itself promote a certain end or is appropriately related to something else that would promote that end. And teleological reasons divide into direct and the indirect kinds, depending on whether the first or second of these two disjuncts applies. Thus, supposing that our end is to maximize utility, the fact that my killing one to save two would maximize utility is a direct teleological reason for me to do so, whereas the fact that my killing one to save two is prohibited by the code of rules whose universal acceptance would maximize utility is an indirect teleological reason for me to refrain from doing so. This chapter discusses various types of reasons, such as epistemic reasons (that is, reasons to believe), and whether all, some, or none of them are teleological. The chapter pays particularly close attention to the issue of whether all practical reasons (that is, reasons for action) are teleological.
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Coppock, Elizabeth, and Stephen Wechsler. The proper treatment of egophoricity in Kathmandu Newari. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786658.003.0003.

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In egophoric (or conjunct/disjunct) verb-marking systems, a conjunct verb form co-occurs with first-person subjects in declaratives and second-person subjects in interrogatives, and also appears in de se attitude and speech reports; a disjunct verb form appears elsewhere. Conjunct marking also interacts with evidentiality: a speaker who abdicates responsibility for the content of an utterance by means of an evidential marker uses the disjunct verb form despite co-occurence with a first-person subject. Focussing on the case of Kathmandu Newari, Coppock and Wechsler propose that conjunct morphology marks the contents of attitudes de se. They develop a formal treatment of egophoricity, including a dynamic discourse model of the way attitudes de se are communicated. The propositional content of an attitude de se, modelled as a set of centered worlds, is effectively uncentered by its agent, to produce an ordinary proposition that is eligible to enter the common ground.
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Dunster, Katherine Jane. The ecology of two northern marginal disjunct populations of Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. in Ontario, Canada. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Prati, Ronaldo C., Gustavo E. A. P. A. Batista, and Maria Carolina Monard. "Learning with Class Skews and Small Disjuncts." In Advances in Artificial Intelligence – SBIA 2004, 296–306. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-28645-5_30.

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Satoh, Ken. "Computing Minimal Models by Positively Minimal Disjuncts." In New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 358–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14888-0_28.

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Weiss, Gary M. "The Impact of Small Disjuncts on Classifier Learning." In Annals of Information Systems, 193–226. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1280-0_9.

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García, V., J. S. Sánchez, H. J. Ochoa Domínguez, and L. Cleofas-Sánchez. "Dissimilarity-Based Learning from Imbalanced Data with Small Disjuncts and Noise." In Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, 370–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19390-8_42.

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Carvalho, Deborah R., and Alex A. Freitas. "A Genetic Algorithm-Based Solution for the Problem of Small Disjuncts." In Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 345–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45372-5_35.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Pars disjuncta." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 403. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_7454.

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Cumming, Jeffrey M., Bradley J. Sinclair, Charles A. Triplehorn, Yousif Aldryhim, Eduardo Galante, Ma Angeles Marcos-Garcia, Malcolm Edmunds, et al. "Disjunct Populations." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1233. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_945.

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Iuliano, Jason. "Affirming a Disjunct." In Bad Arguments, 35–41. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119165811.ch1.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Stratum disjunctum." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 534. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10109.

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Rinne, Janne, and Christof Ammann. "Disjunct Eddy Covariance Method." In Eddy Covariance, 291–307. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2351-1_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Gomes, Alan Keller. "Small Disjuncts Grouping by Rule Coverage and Accuracy Measures." In Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2007.112.

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Gomes, Alan Keller. "Small Disjuncts Grouping by Rule Coverage and Accuracy Measures." In Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2007.4389643.

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Fayek, Magda Bahaa Eldin, Amira Samy Talaat, and Nevin Mahmoud Darwish. "Generating classification trees for small disjuncts using incremental gas." In the 9th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277236.

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Zolotin, Andrey A., and Ekaterina A. Malchevskaia. "Matrix-vector algorithms of local posteriori inference in algebraic Bayesian networks on ideal of disjuncts." In 2016 XIX IEEE International Conference on Soft Computing and Measurements (SCM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scm.2016.7519674.

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Sasmal, Pradip, Sai Subramanyam Thoota, and Chandra R. Murthy. "Disjunct Matrices for Compressed Sensing." In ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682501.

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Muralikrishna, M., and David J. DeWitt. "Optimization of multiple-relation multiple-disjunct queries." In the seventh ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/308386.308452.

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Chinn, Garry, and Craig S. Levin. "Disjunct matrices for multiplexing PET detector signal readout." In 2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2014.7430874.

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Adji, Teguh Bharata, Baharum Baharudin, and Norshuhani bt Zamin. "Annotated disjunct in Link Grammar for Machine Translation." In 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icias.2007.4658375.

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Adji, Teguh Bharata, Baharum Baharudin, and Norshuhani bt Zamin. "Building Transfer Rules using Annotated Disjunct: An Approach for Machine Translation." In 2007 5th Student Conference on Research and Development. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scored.2007.4451439.

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Xu Juan and Zhao Ping. "A construction of de-disjunct matrices with symplectic space." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering (CSAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csae.2011.5953163.

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Reports on the topic "Disjuncts"

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Batten, George. Biogeography of the American Pika (Ochotona princeps) in Oregon and Southern Washington : illuminating genetic relationships among disjunct populations. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5436.

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