Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disordered Locomotion

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Disordered Locomotion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Disordered Locomotion"

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Winstein, Carolee J., and Alan Garfinkel. "Qualitative Dynamics of Disordered Human Locomotion." Journal of Motor Behavior 21, no. 4 (December 1989): 373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.1989.10735490.

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Holt, Kenneth G., John P. Obusek, and Sergio T. Fonseca. "Constraints on disordered locomotion A dynamical systems perspective on spastic cerebral palsy." Human Movement Science 15, no. 2 (April 1996): 177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-9457(95)00043-7.

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Payne, Anthony P., Roger G. Sutcliffe, Jacqueline M. Campbell, Glenda Favor, David Russell, Neil K. Bennett, Debbie J. Clarke, et al. "Disordered locomotion in the AS/AGU mutant rat and the effects ofL-dopa or fetal midbrain grafts." Movement Disorders 13, no. 5 (September 1998): 832–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.870130514.

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Asante, Curtis Oware, Amy Chu, Mark Fisher, Leora Benson, Asim Beg, Peter Scheiffele, and John Martin. "Cortical Control of Adaptive Locomotion in Wild-Type Mice and Mutant Mice Lacking the Ephrin-Eph Effector Protein α2-Chimaerin." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 6 (December 2010): 3189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00671.2010.

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In voluntary control, supraspinal motor systems select the appropriate response and plan movement mechanics to match task constraints. Spinal circuits translate supraspinal drive into action. We studied the interplay between motor cortex (M1) and spinal circuits during voluntary movements in wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking the α2-chimaerin gene (Chn1−/−), necessary for ephrinB3-EphA4 signaling. Chn1−/− mice have aberrant bilateral corticospinal systems, aberrant bilateral-projecting spinal interneurons, and disordered voluntary control because they express a hopping gait, which may be akin to mirror movements. We addressed three issues. First, we determined the role of the corticospinal system in adaptive control. We trained mice to step over obstacles during treadmill locomotion. We compared performance before and after bilateral M1 ablation. WT mice adaptively modified their trajectory to step over obstacles, and M1 ablation increased substantially the incidence of errant steps over the obstacle. Chn1−/− mice randomly stepped or hopped during unobstructed locomotion but hopped over the obstacle. Bilateral M1 ablation eliminated this obstacle-dependent hop selection and increased forelimb obstacle contact errors. Second, we characterized the laterality of corticospinal action in Chn1−/− mice using pseudorabies virus retrograde transneuronal transport and intracortical microstimulation. We showed bilateral connections between M1 and forelimb muscles in Chn1−/− and unilateral connections in WT mice. Third, in Chn1−/− mice, we studied adaptive responses before and after unilateral M1 ablation. We identified a more important role for contralateral than ipsilateral M1 in hopping over the obstacle. Our findings suggest an important role for M1 in the mouse in moment-to-moment adaptive control, and further, using Chn1−/− mice, a role in mediating task-dependent selection of mirror-like hopping movements over the obstacle. Our findings also stress the importance of subcortical control during adaptive locomotion because key features of the trajectory remained largely intact after M1 ablation.
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Rizzo-Sierra, Carlos V., Alexander Gonzalez-Castaño, and Fidias E. Leon-Sarmiento. "Galvanic vestibular stimulation: a novel modulatory countermeasure for vestibular-associated movement disorders." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 72, no. 1 (January 2014): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20130182.

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Motion sickness or kinetosis is the result of the abnormal neural output originated by visual, proprioceptive and vestibular mismatch, which reverses once the dysfunctional sensory information becomes coherent. The space adaptation syndrome or space sickness relates to motion sickness; it is considered to be due to yaw, pith, and roll coordinates mismatch. Several behavioural and pharmacological measures have been proposed to control these vestibular-associated movement disorders with no success. Galvanic vestibular stimulation has the potential of up-regulating disturbed sensory-motor mismatch originated by kinetosis and space sickness by modulating the GABA-related ion channels neural transmission in the inner ear. It improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the afferent proprioceptive volleys, which would ultimately modulate the motor output restoring the disordered gait, balance and human locomotion due to kinetosis, as well as the spatial disorientation generated by gravity transition.
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Douglas, Christopher L., Grant N. Bowman, Helen A. Baghdoyan, and Ralph Lydic. "C57BL/6J and B6.V-LEPOB mice differ in the cholinergic modulation of sleep and breathing." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 3 (March 2005): 918–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00900.2004.

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Respiratory and arousal state control are heritable traits in mice. B6.V-Lepob (ob) mice are leptin deficient and differ from C57BL/6J (B6) mice by a variation in the gene coding for leptin. The ob mouse has morbid obesity and disordered breathing that is homologous to breathing of obese humans. This study tested the hypothesis that microinjecting neostigmine into the pontine reticular nucleus, oral part (PnO), of B6 and ob mice alters sleep and breathing. In B6 and ob mice, neostigmine caused a concentration-dependent increase ( P < 0.0001) in percentage of time spent in a rapid eye movement (REM) sleeplike state (REM-Neo). Relative to saline (control), higher concentrations of neostigmine increased REM-Neo duration and the number of REM-Neo episodes in B6 and ob mice and decreased percent wake, percent non-REM, and latency to onset of REM-Neo ( P < 0.001). In B6 and ob mice, REM sleep enhancement by neostigmine was blocked by atropine. Differences in control amounts of sleep and wakefulness between B6 and the congenic ob mice also were identified. After PnO injection of saline, ob mice spent significantly ( P < 0.05) more time awake and less time in non-REM sleep. B6 mice displayed more ( P < 0.01) baseline locomotor activity than ob mice, and PnO neostigmine decreased locomotion ( P < 0.0001) in B6 and ob mice. Whole body plethysmography showed that PnO neostigmine depressed breathing ( P < 0.001) in B6 and ob mice and caused greater respiratory depression in B6 than ob mice ( P < 0.05). Western blot analysis identified greater ( P < 0.05) expression of M2 muscarinic receptor protein in ob than B6 mice for cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, and pons, but not medulla. Considered together, these data provide the first evidence that pontine cholinergic control of sleep and breathing varies between mice known to differ by a spontaneous mutation in the gene coding for leptin.
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SATO, Keisuke, and Naoto FUKUMURA. "Freight Locomotive Rescheduling Algorithm under Disordered Train Operation." Quarterly Report of RTRI 52, no. 2 (2011): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.52.81.

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Popova-Petrosyan, Elena V., Shanmugaraj Kulanthaivel, and Keerthanaa Balasundaram. "Development of Secondary Osteoporosis in Teenage Girls with Menstrual Disorders." Current Women s Health Reviews 16, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573404815666190923121305.

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Introduction: Nowadays, the most common problem in teenage girls is them facing menstrual disorders that develop secondary osteoporosis in their adolescent period. The locomotor system disorder is noticed more often in girls with adolescence hormone pathology, than in the population. This has an enormous human and socio-economic impact. Osteoporosis is estimated to affect 200 million women worldwide. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the development of secondary osteoporosis in girls during their adolescent period. Materials and Methods: An analysis of 173 girls aged from 13 to 17 were under our supervision in the children’s clinic sanatorium “Zdravnisa”. Girls were divided into four groups according to their menstrual disorders. Results: As per the correlation analysis data, the influence of steroid hormones level on bone content has a cumulative effect on girls. Conclusion: For patients with oligomenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, and polymenorrhea, there were disordered correlations of gonadotropic hormones. Correlations between calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium are disordered, which can be proof of mineralization processes disorder. As per the correlation analysis data for the girls with adolescence pathology, there were revealed direct average correlation connections between the concentration of steroid hormones and structural-functional properties of bony tissue. Low concentration of progesterone in the blood of girls with adolescence pathology is one of the main reasons for bone content deficit, development of osteoporosis, and scoliosis progression.
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Zehr, E. Paul, Pamela M. Loadman, and Sandra R. Hundza. "Neural control of rhythmic arm cycling after stroke." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 891–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01152.2011.

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Disordered reflex activity and alterations in the neural control of walking have been observed after stroke. In addition to impairments in leg movement that affect locomotor ability after stroke, significant impairments are also seen in the arms. Altered neural control in the upper limb can often lead to altered tone and spasticity resulting in impaired coordination and flexion contractures. We sought to address the extent to which the neural control of movement is disordered after stroke by examining the modulation pattern of cutaneous reflexes in arm muscles during arm cycling. Twenty-five stroke participants who were at least 6 mo postinfarction and clinically stable, performed rhythmic arm cycling while cutaneous reflexes were evoked with trains (5 × 1.0-ms pulses at 300 Hz) of constant-current electrical stimulation to the superficial radial (SR) nerve at the wrist. Both the more (MA) and less affected (LA) arms were stimulated in separate trials. Bilateral electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from muscles acting at the shoulder, elbow, and wrist. Analysis was conducted on averaged reflexes in 12 equidistant phases of the movement cycle. Phase-modulated cutaneous reflexes were present, but altered, in both MA and LA arms after stroke. Notably, the pattern was “blunted” in the MA arm in stroke compared with control participants. Differences between stroke and control were progressively more evident moving from shoulder to wrist. The results suggest that a reduced pattern of cutaneous reflex modulation persists during rhythmic arm movement after stroke. The overall implication of this result is that the putative spinal contributions to rhythmic human arm movement remain accessible after stroke, which has translational implications for rehabilitation.
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Duval, Karine, Kathryn Luttin, and Tania Lam. "Neuromuscular strategies in the paretic leg during curved walking in individuals post-stroke." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 1 (July 2011): 280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00657.2010.

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Reduced flexibility over the neuromotor control of paretic leg muscles may impact the extent to which individuals post-stroke modulate their muscle activity patterns to walk along curved paths. The purpose of this study was to compare lower-limb movements and neuromuscular strategies in the paretic leg of individuals with stroke with age-matched controls during curved walking. Participants walked at their preferred walking velocity along four different paths of increasing curvature, while lower-limb kinematics and muscle activity were recorded. A second group of able-bodied individuals walked along the four paths, matching the walking speed of the stroke group. The stroke group showed reduced lower-limb joint excursion and disordered modulation of foot pressure during curved walking, accompanied by reduced modulation of muscle activity patterns. In the inner leg of the curve in control subjects, the posteromedial muscles (medial gastrocnemius and medial hamstrings) showed decreased electromyographic amplitude as path curviture increased. Conversely, activity of the posterolateral musculature of the outer leg was decreased with increasing path curvature. Activity in the tibialis anterior and gluteus medius was also modulated with path curvature. However, in the stroke group, we found reduced modulation of muscle activity in the paretic leg during curved walking. The extent of modulation was also associated with the level of physical impairment due to stroke. The results of this study provide further knowledge about neuromuscular control of locomotor adaptations post-stroke.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disordered Locomotion"

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Auyang, Arick Gin-Yu. "Robustness and hierarchical control of performance variables through coordination during human locomotion." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42837.

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The kinematic motor redundancy of the human legs provides more local degrees of freedom than are necessary to achieve low degree of freedom performance variables like leg length and orientation. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how the neuromuscular skeletal system simplifies control of a kinematically redundant system to achieve stable locomotion under different conditions. I propose that the neuromuscular skeletal system minimizes step to step variance of leg length and orientation while allowing segment angles to vary within the set of acceptable combinations of angles that achieves the desired leg length and orientation. I find that during human hopping, control of the locomotor system is organized hierarchically such that leg length and orientation are achieved by structuring segment angle variance. I also found that leg length and leg orientation was minimized for a variety of conditions and perturbations, including frequency, constrained foot placement, and different speeds. The results of this study will give valuable information on interjoint compensation strategies used when the locomotor system is perturbed. This work also provides evidence for neuromuscular system strategies in adapting to novel, difficult tasks. This information can be extended to give insight into new and different areas to focus on during gait rehabilitation of humans suffering from motor control deficits in movement and gait.
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Coetzee, Lizmory Tandeke Fehrsen. "The prevalence and rehabilitation needs of individuals with locomotor disability in Mitchell's Plain." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25666.

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Locomotor disability is a problem, reported prevalence ranging from 1% to 8.6%. Only a limited number of studies have been done in South Africa. They used different methodologies and definitions, thus leading to the variation in prevalence reported. A further factor influencing prevalence is that some locomotor disabilities are area-specific. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and rehabilitation needs of individuals with locomotor disability in Mitchell's Plain, for planning intervention strategies as part of this community based rehabilitation service. A cross sectional study design was employed. A stratified proportional cluster sampling technique was used to select 36 clusters resulting in a sample size of2424 people. Screening questions recommended by the WHO were used to identify people with impairments (Phase I). Further screening (Phase II), of those identified with impairments, using a questionnaire based on the ICIDH categories, identified people with disabilities. People with locomotor disabilities were grouped together and qualitative analysis through case studies was done on sub-groups where common themes manifested. 12.9% reported some form of impairment; 3.9% adults could be classified as having disabilities. Amongst adults with disabilities, 2.7% had locomotor disabilities. Consistent with the literature, disability increased with age, was more frequently reported amongst females, and was associated with lower socio-economic class. Multiple impairments were frequently reported, with the most common impairment being musculo-skeletal conditions. Use of health services occurred in the public sector with the local Day Hospital used as frequently as more distant tertiary hospitals. The study revealed the need for improved and accessible medical and rehabilitation services in the community. Their poor ability to integrate functionally and economically into the community, was reflected in the high proportion of people with mobility and occupational handicap categories. Low levels of education worsened the impact on occupational handicap. It was further evident that multiple impairments amongst the elderly lead to greater dependence of people with locomotor disability on their care-givers. Even though the need for assistive equipment was high, much of assistive equipment owned was not being used. A further handicapping factor for the disabled using assistive equipment was their environment which restricted the use of assistive equipment. High locomotor disability prevalence was confirmed in this study. Major unmet needs were identified in the handicap categories of physical mobility and economic self-sufficiency. Domiciliary based intervention was recommended as the most appropriate rehabilitative intervention for the severely physically disabled persons.
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Thota, Anil K. "Biomechanical Assessment of Normal and Parkinsonian Gait in the Non-human Primate During Treadmill Locomotion." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1338821968.

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Rodrigues, Thaís Amanda. "Efeito da diminuição da velocidade no treino de marcha robótica em indivíduos com acidente vascular cerebral crônico: ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-08022017-122622/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os efeitos de dois protocolos de intervenção para o treino de marcha robótica no Lokomat em indivíduos pós acidente vascular cerebral crônico. O primeiro protocolo foi estabelecido com a diminuição progressiva da velocidade da marcha e da assistência do robô durante o treino de marcha. O outro protocolo foi estabelecido com o aumento progressivo da velocidade da marcha e a diminuição progressiva da assistência do robô durante o treino de marcha. Este é um ensaio clínico duplo cego, controlado e randomizado realizado no Instituto de Reabilitação Lucy Montoro em São Paulo com indivíduos em regime de internação. Participaram deste estudo 18 individuos com apenas um episódio de acidente vascular cerebral crônico acima de 06 meses de lesão, classificados com escore 1-2 pela Escala de Deambulação Funcional EDF. Os participantes foram randomizados no grupo experimental (N= 10): com o protocolo da diminuição progressiva da velocidade da marcha e da assistência do robô e no grupo controle (N=08): com o protocolo do aumento progressivo da velocidade da marcha e a diminuição progressiva da assistência do robô. Cada sujeito realizou 30 sessões de treino de marcha robótica, 5 dias por semana, com duração de 30 minutos cada treino, por 6 semanas. As medidas de avaliação foram: Time Up and Go (TUG), teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (6M), teste de caminhada de 10 metros (10M), escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), Fugl-Meyer de função motora de extremidade de membros inferiores (FMMI), Escala de Deambulação Funcional (EDF) e medida de independência funcional (MIF) com escore total e item locomoção. A análise estatística foi realizada com o teste MANOVA e Wilcoxon por meio da comparação dos dados inicias e finais e as diferenças entre os grupos. Posteriormente foi realizado um pós teste para comparar a diferença entre os grupos com aplicação do teste Anova e Ancova. Foram analisados 18 indivíduos e, ao final deste estudo, houve diferença estatistica do grupo experimental para as - 8 - mensurações EDF (p=0,004), TUG (p=0,03), 6M (p=0,04), EEB(p<0,0001), FMMI(p=0,02), MIF (p=0,01) e MIF item Locomoção (p=0,04). Já no grupo controle observou-se diferenças nas mensurações EEB (p=0,02), MIF (p= 0,0002) e MIF item Locomoção (p=0,04). Os resultados demostram que o grupo experimental pode mostrar maiores benefícios do que o grupo controle, porém estudos com maior número de participantes e diferentes instrumentos de avaliação são necessários para estabelecer evidências conclusivas para o treino de marcha robótica. Este estudo teve suporte de financiamento da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior CAPES
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two intervention protocols for robotic gait training in Lokomat with individuals chronic stroke: novel versus conventional protocol. The Novel protocol was established with the progressive decrease in gait velocity and assistance robot for gait training and the Conventional protocol was established with the progressive increase in gait velocity and the progressive decrease of robot assistance during gait training. This is a clinical double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted at Lucy Montoro Rehabilitation Institute in São Paulo with inpatients. The study included 18 subjects with only one episode of chronic stroke above 06 months of injury, classified by the score 1-2 Functional Ambulation Category FAC. Subjects were randomized in the Novel group (N = 10) and Conventional group ( N = 08). Each subject performed 30 robotic gait training sessions, 5 days a week, lasting 30 minutes each training for 6 weeks. The initial and final evaluation measures were: Time Up and Go (TUG), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 10 meter walk test (10MWT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Fugl-Meyer motor function of the lower limbs (FM), Functional ambulation category (FAC) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM ) with total score and locomotion item. Statistical analysis was performed with the MANOVA and Wilcoxon test comparing the initial and final data and differences between groups, after this was performed a post-test comparing the difference between the groups with application of Anova and ANCOVA test. In all were analysed 18 individuals in this study, there was statistical difference in the Novel group for measurements: FAC (p = 0.004), TUG (p = 0.03) , 6MWT (p = 0.04) , BBS (p < 0.0001), FM (p = 0.02), MIF (p = 0.01) and MIF Locomotion item (p = 0.04). In the conventional group was observed differences in measurements: BBS (p = 0.02), MIF (p = 0.0002) and MIF Locomotion item (p = 0.04). The results show that the Novel group can show greater benefits than the Conventional group, but studies with larger numbers of participants and different - 10 - evaluation tools are needed to establish conclusive evidence for the robotic gait training . This study was funded support by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
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Silva, Alexandre Redson Soares da [UNESP]. "Leishmaniose visceral canina: estudo imagiológico em cães naturalmente infectados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123287.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Alterações locomotoras são incomuns em cães com leishmaniose visceral. Embora a origem dos sinais clínicos permaneça obscura, a poliartrite deve ser considerada como um potencial diagnóstico nestes casos. Muitos agentes etiológicos podem causar poliartropatias, sendo estas classificadas em não inflamatórias e inflamatórias. Acredita-se que a poliartrite induzida por Leishmania spp. seja decorrente de uma reação inflamatória granulomatosa, causada pela presença de parasitos ou por uma resposta celular e humoral. O diagnóstico clínico ainda é um desafio para os profissionais de saúde, devido à grande variedade de sinais inespecíficos em decorrência da leishmaniose visceral. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar radiotomograficamente as articulações umeroradioulnares, radiocarpicametacárpicas, femurotibiopatelares e tibiotarsicametatársicas, a fim de caracterizar as lesões osteoarticulares, fornecendo subsídios para os clínicos que atuam em áreas endêmicas. Para tanto, foram utilizados 46 cães, naturalmente infectados, com diagnóstico firmado por meio dos exames imunocromatográfico (95,65%), ELISA (97,82%) e/ou parasitológico direto (95,65%), provenientes do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Bauru. Não houve predileção quanto ao sexo (1:1). A maioria dos animais não apresentava precisa definição racial (78,26%). A idade variou entre um a 12 anos, com mediana igual a três anos. Sinais clínicos compatíveis com poliartrite foram observados em 32,60%. Alterações radiográficas e tomográficas importantes foram observadas em 77% e 91% dos caninos, respectivamente, sendo as articulações tibiotarsicametatársicas a mais afetada em ambos os testes, acomentendo cães sintomáticos e assintomáticos. Os sinais imaginológicos foram variados, não sendo possível determinar um padrão específico para a doença, porém a presença de trabeculado ósseo evidente, ...
Locomotor alterations are uncommon in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Although the origin of clinical signs remain unclear, polyarthritis should be considered as a potential diagnosis in these cases. Many etiological agents may cause polyarthropathies, which are classified into inflammatory and non-inflammatory. It is believed that the polyarthritis induced by Leishmania spp. may be due to a granulomatous inflammatory reaction caused by the presence of parasites or by cellular and humoral response. Clinical diagnosis is still a challenge for health professionals, due to the great variety of nonspecific clinical signs on VL. Thus, the aim of the present study were to evaluate radiographically and tomographically elbows, carpal, stifle and tarsal joints, in order to characterize the osteoarticular lesions, providing subsidies for veterinary practitioners in endemic areas. For this, 46 dogs were used, naturally infected, with diagnosis confirmed by immunochromatography (95.65%), ELISA (97.82%) and/or cytological (95.65%) methods, from the Zoonoses Control Center of Bauru. There was no preference to gender (1:1). The majority of animals were mixed breed (78.26%). Ages varied from 1 to 12 years, with a median of 3 years. Clinical signs consistent with polyarthritis were observed in 32.60%. Radiographic and tomographic alterations were observed in 77% and 91% of dogs, respectively, with tarsal joints the most affected on both methods, on asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs. Imaging signs varied, and it was not possible to establish a pattern for the disease, however the presence of apparent trabecular bone, bone sclerosis and osteolysis were the most frequently observed. Furthermore, we noticed a tendency for bilateral and symmetric involvement. It was observed a lack of significance when comparing the radiographic and tomographic lesions between symptomatic and asymptomatic ...
FAPESP: 12/02484-2
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Silva, Alexandre Redson Soares da. "Leishmaniose visceral canina : estudo imagiológico em cães naturalmente infectados /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123287.

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Orientador: Maria Jaqueline Mamprim
Banca: Sheila Canavese Rahal
Banca: Maria Lúcia Gomes Lourenço
Banca: Luciana Del Rio Pinoli Ciarlini
Banca: Priscilla Macedo de Souza
Resumo: Alterações locomotoras são incomuns em cães com leishmaniose visceral. Embora a origem dos sinais clínicos permaneça obscura, a poliartrite deve ser considerada como um potencial diagnóstico nestes casos. Muitos agentes etiológicos podem causar poliartropatias, sendo estas classificadas em não inflamatórias e inflamatórias. Acredita-se que a poliartrite induzida por Leishmania spp. seja decorrente de uma reação inflamatória granulomatosa, causada pela presença de parasitos ou por uma resposta celular e humoral. O diagnóstico clínico ainda é um desafio para os profissionais de saúde, devido à grande variedade de sinais inespecíficos em decorrência da leishmaniose visceral. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar radiotomograficamente as articulações umeroradioulnares, radiocarpicametacárpicas, femurotibiopatelares e tibiotarsicametatársicas, a fim de caracterizar as lesões osteoarticulares, fornecendo subsídios para os clínicos que atuam em áreas endêmicas. Para tanto, foram utilizados 46 cães, naturalmente infectados, com diagnóstico firmado por meio dos exames imunocromatográfico (95,65%), ELISA (97,82%) e/ou parasitológico direto (95,65%), provenientes do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Bauru. Não houve predileção quanto ao sexo (1:1). A maioria dos animais não apresentava precisa definição racial (78,26%). A idade variou entre um a 12 anos, com mediana igual a três anos. Sinais clínicos compatíveis com poliartrite foram observados em 32,60%. Alterações radiográficas e tomográficas importantes foram observadas em 77% e 91% dos caninos, respectivamente, sendo as articulações tibiotarsicametatársicas a mais afetada em ambos os testes, acomentendo cães sintomáticos e assintomáticos. Os sinais imaginológicos foram variados, não sendo possível determinar um padrão específico para a doença, porém a presença de trabeculado ósseo evidente, ...
Abstract: Locomotor alterations are uncommon in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Although the origin of clinical signs remain unclear, polyarthritis should be considered as a potential diagnosis in these cases. Many etiological agents may cause polyarthropathies, which are classified into inflammatory and non-inflammatory. It is believed that the polyarthritis induced by Leishmania spp. may be due to a granulomatous inflammatory reaction caused by the presence of parasites or by cellular and humoral response. Clinical diagnosis is still a challenge for health professionals, due to the great variety of nonspecific clinical signs on VL. Thus, the aim of the present study were to evaluate radiographically and tomographically elbows, carpal, stifle and tarsal joints, in order to characterize the osteoarticular lesions, providing subsidies for veterinary practitioners in endemic areas. For this, 46 dogs were used, naturally infected, with diagnosis confirmed by immunochromatography (95.65%), ELISA (97.82%) and/or cytological (95.65%) methods, from the Zoonoses Control Center of Bauru. There was no preference to gender (1:1). The majority of animals were mixed breed (78.26%). Ages varied from 1 to 12 years, with a median of 3 years. Clinical signs consistent with polyarthritis were observed in 32.60%. Radiographic and tomographic alterations were observed in 77% and 91% of dogs, respectively, with tarsal joints the most affected on both methods, on asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs. Imaging signs varied, and it was not possible to establish a pattern for the disease, however the presence of apparent trabecular bone, bone sclerosis and osteolysis were the most frequently observed. Furthermore, we noticed a tendency for bilateral and symmetric involvement. It was observed a lack of significance when comparing the radiographic and tomographic lesions between symptomatic and asymptomatic ...
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Cordeiro, Alexandra Ferreira da Silva. "Avaliação de problemas locomotores em frangos de corte utilizando diferentes metodologias de gait score." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256957.

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Orientador: Irenilza de Alencar Naas
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T16:50:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cordeiro_AlexandraFerreiradaSilva_M.pdf: 698775 bytes, checksum: 00cd96699cf75d7552399f75087669d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: O Brasil é hoje um dos maiores produtores e exportadores de carne de frango no mundo, mas para continuar nessa posição é necessário respeitar o bem-estar animal e manter baixos custos de produção. Problemas locomotores impedem que a ave se movimente livremente e, com isso, acesse os equipamentos necessários a sua sobrevivência: comedouro e bebedouro, prejudicando seu bem- estar e sua produtividade. A hipótese dessa pesquisa é que frangos de corte produzidos em condições de estresse apresentam problemas locomotores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar deficiências locomotoras em frangos de corte alojados em condições de estresse. Para tanto, foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro a determinação da pressão plantar de aves de 28, 35, 42, e 49 dias, o qual foi realizado no Centro de Tecnologia da Universidade estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Essa medida foi determinada por sensores localizados sob uma esteira enquanto as aves caminhavam sobre ela, nesta ocasião também foi determinado o gait score dessas aves. As mais pesadas tiveram mais dificuldade de andar e tiveram maior valor de gait score. Não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,05) no pico da força das patas direito e esquerdo para aves com gait score 0 e 1; entretanto, para frangos mais pesados com gait score 2 houve desbalanço severo no pico das forças entre as patas. A força total expressa em porcentagem do peso vivo aumentou com a idade como esperado, mostrando uma correlação positiva com o gait score para as aves selecionadas. A deficiência de locomoção foi automaticamente detectada devido ao movimento desigual, como seu peso não foi distribuído igualmente nas patas durante caminhada. O segundo experimento constou de observação visual no campo, em granjas da região de Campinas-SP, com determinação do gait score em aves de 28, 35, e 42 dias. Neste experimento o gait score foi avaliado por três metodologias, aves estimuladas a andar, aves sem estímulo para andar e em 10 aves ao acaso dentro do galpão. Não foram encontradas evidências de interação entre os fatores Metodologia e Idade. Há influencia significativa da Metodologia sobre a determinação do gait score. A metodologia de 10 aves ao acaso foi a que se apresentou menos confiável. Os resultados de gait score foram menores na metodologia com estímulo para as aves andar. Entretanto nas três avaliações realizadas e em todas as idades, os resultados de gait score foram piores que o aceitável, sendo que a maior freqüência para gait score 0 (padrão normal) encontrada nesta pesquisa foi de 50%. Estes resultados poderiam ser atribuídos as condições de estresse ambiental inapropriadas em que os frangos foram produzidos.
Abstract: Brazil is today one of the largest poultry meat producer and exporter of the world; however, in order to continue in this production level and quality it is needed to apply animal welfare principles maintaining the same production costs. Locomotors problems keep away the bird from moving freely and to access the needed equipments for its survival: feeder and drinker, reducing their welfare and productivity. The hypothesis of this research it is that Brazilian poultry production presents locomotors problems. The objective of this research was is to evaluate locomotors deficiencies in broiler chicken housed under stressful conditions. For that two experiment were done, the first was the determination of the feet pressure of broiler with the ages of 28, 35, 42 and 49 days. This first experiment was carried out at the Center for Technology, State University of Campinas, SP. The feet force measurement was determined by sensors over a mat while the birds walked over it, and at the same time the gait score was also determined. The heavier birds had more difficult in walking and presented higher gait score. No significant difference was found (p = 0.05) in the force peak of the right and left feet for the birds with gait score 0 and 1; however, older broilers with gait score 2 presented severe unbalance in the peak of force in both feet. The total force expressed as the percentage of the live weight increased with age as expected showing a positive correlation with the gait score of the tested broilers. The locomotion deficiency was automatic detected due to the unbalanced movement as the weight was not equally distributed in both legs during walking. The second experiment constituted of a visual observation in the field, in commercial broiler farms in the region of Campinas, SP, for determining the gait score of birds 28, 35 and 42 days old. In this trial the gait score was estimated in three ways, broilers stimulated to walking, birds without stimulus for walking and broilers chosen randomly inside the housing. No evidence of interaction between the factor Methodology and Age. Significant influence of Methodology over the determination of gait score was found. The methodology of chosen 10 bird at random was the one least reliable. The results of gait score were lower when using the methodology that stimulated the birds to waking. However, in the three evaluations and in all ages the results of gait score were worst than the acceptable, since the frequency of gait score 0 (normal pattern) found in this research was 50%. These results could be accredited to the inappropriate ambient harsh conditions the broilers were reared.
Mestrado
Construções Rurais e Ambiencia
Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola
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Lynn, Debra A. "Sex differences in anxiety during adolescence : evidence from rodents and humans." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3152.

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Anxiety disorders commonly emerge during adolescence, and girls are diagnosed with these disorders more frequently than boys. Understanding why anxiety disorders emerge and why non-clinical anxiety symptoms increase during adolescence is important for understanding this sex difference and how to treat adolescent sufferers. Potential mechanisms, such as puberty or cognitive biases, can be investigated both in humans and in rodent models of anxiety. This thesis aimed to characterise sex differences and changes in anxiety-like behaviour across adolescence and into adulthood in the rat, and to examine anxiety and interpretive bias in adolescent humans. In rats, we examined performance on common tests of anxiety-like behaviour: the emergence test, open field and elevated plus-maze. Exploration on these tests increased from mid-adolescence into adulthood, and greater exploration by females was apparent from late adolescence. While the behaviours themselves remain interesting, caution on interpreting these behaviours as anxiety-related warranted and is discussed throughout the thesis. Potential effects of the ovarian cycle and testing order on EPM performance were also examined. In humans, 12-14 year old adolescents complete visual and written interpretive bias tasks, this bias being considered to be a cognitive vulnerability for anxiety. The results showed that, when imagining themselves in ambiguous scenarios, girls were more negative in their interpretations than boys. Additionally, both sexes also interpreted social scenarios more negatively than non-social scenarios. As puberty is thought to be important to the emergence of disorder during adolescence, interpretive bias could potentially mediate the puberty-anxiety relationship. While more interpretive bias work is needed in both species, the recent development of interpretive bias tasks for rodents provides an opportunity to move away from difficult to interpret tests of anxiety-like behaviour in rodents, and should allow for greater convergence of the human and rodent anxiety research.
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Rottkamp, Catherine Anne-Marie. "The Role of Hox Cofactors in Vertebrate Spinal Cord Development." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1194575822.

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Delabary, Marcela dos Santos. "Efeitos de um programa de dança e de caminhada na marcha e na qualidade de vida de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/185813.

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Introdução: A doença de Parkinson (DP), caracterizada por ser crônica, progressiva e neurodegenerativa, é uma das enfermidades neurológicas mais frequentes na atualidade. Pacientes com DP apresentam prejuízos motores, como rigidez muscular, tremor de repouso, lentidão de movimentos, instabilidade postural, e alterações na marcha e no equilíbrio; e distúrbios não-motores, como fatores cognitivos e neuropsiquiátricos, depressão, e uma consequente diminuição da qualidade de vida (QV). Apesar de a caminhada ser considerada tradicionalmente uma recomendação médica no tratamento não farmacológico da DP, a dança vem surgindo como uma importante ferramenta no tratamento complementar destes pacientes, quando somada a terapias medicamentosas tradicionais. Objetivo: Verificar e comparar os efeitos de um programa de dança e de caminhada na mobilidade funcional, nos parâmetros motores e na QV de pessoas com DP. Métodos: foi elaborado um protocolo de aulas de dança inspirado em ritmos musicais brasileiros: forró e samba. A amostra foi composta por 18 participantes com DP, divididos de forma não randomizada, em dois grupos: grupo dança (GD; n = 12) e grupo caminhada (GC; n = 6), expostos a 24 aulas de dança ou caminhada, com duração de uma hora e frequência de duas vezes por semana. Os instrumentos de coletas de dados utilizados foram uma ficha de dados pessoais dos pacientes, a Escala de Hoehn e Yahr (H&Y), o teste Timed Up and Go (TUG), a parte motora da Escala Unificada de Avaliação da DP (UPDRS III), o Índice de reabilitação (IR), a análise cinemática da caminhada e o Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). A normalidade dos dados descritivos no momento inicial da pesquisa foi verificada através do Teste Shapiro-Wilk, foi utilizado o Teste Wilcoxon para dados não paramétricos e o Teste t pareado para dados paramétricos. Para os desfechos da pesquisa foram utilizados a análise de Equações de Estimativas Generalizadas (GEE), para a comparação entre os grupos GD e GC, os tempos PRÉ e PÓS intervenção, e interação tempo*grupo. Foi utilizado um posthoc de Bonferroni, para identificar as diferenças entre as médias em todas as variáveis. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado o software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20.0. O nível de significância adotado para ambos os testes foi de α<0,05. Resultados: Foi realizado um protocolo detalhado das intervenções. Os dois grupos apresentaram melhorias significativas após a intervenção em relação a mobilidade funcional na velocidade autosselecionada (VAS) (p = 0,02) e na velocidade rápida (VR) (p = 0,02), ao tempo de contato (TC) (perna esquerda VAS, p = 0,0028; perna direita VR, p = 0,009; perna esquerda, VR p = 0,025), ao tempo de balanço (TB) (perna esquerda VAS, p = 0,0028), a fase de duplo apoio (FDA) (perna direita VR, p < 0,001), a QV geral (p = 0,004), e aos domínios de bemestar emocional (p = 0,001), cognição (p = 0,020) e desconforto corporal (p = 0,008). O GD apresentou melhores resultados em comparação com o GC para os desfechos de Frequência de passos (FP) (p = 0,011) e o domínio de atividades de vida diária (AVDs) (p = 0,049). Conclusão: Ambos os grupos, GD e GC, apresentaram melhorias significativas após o período de intervenção, demonstrando que a dança é tão eficiente quanto a caminhada para a mobilidade funcional, parâmetros motores e a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com DP.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized as progressive and neurodegenerative, is one of the most frequent neurological diseases of the present time. Patients with PD present motor impairment, such as muscle stiffness, rest tremor, slow movements, postural instability, and gait and balance alterations; And non-motor factors, such as cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders, depressive symptoms, and a consequent decrease in quality of life (QL). Although walking is traditionally considered a medical recommendation in the non-pharmacological treatment of PD, dance has emerged as an important tool in the complementary treatment of these patients when added to traditional drug therapies.Objective: Verify and compare the effects of a program of dance and walking in functional mobility, motor parameters and QL of people with PD. Methods: the sample was composed of 18 participants with PD, divided into two non-randomized groups: dance group (DG; n = 12) and walking group (WG; n = 6). The data collection instruments used were be a personal data sheet of the patients, the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HY), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), the motor part of the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS III), locomotor rehabilitation index (LRI), the kinematic walk analysis and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ- 39). The normality of the descriptive data at the initial time of the research was verified through the Shapiro-Wilk Test, using the Wilcoxon Test for non-parametric data and the paired t-test for parametric data. For the research outcomes, the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis was used to compare the GD and GC groups, the pre and post intervention moments, and the time group interaction. A Bonferroni post-hoc was used to identify the differences between means in all variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. The significance level adopted for both tests was α <0.05. Results: A detailed protocol of interventions was performed. The two groups showed significant improvements after the intervention in relation to functional mobility in comfortable velocity (CV) (p = 0.02) and in fast velocity (FV) (p = 0.02), at stance time (StT) (Left leg CV, p = 0.0028); right leg FV, p = 0.009; left leg, FV p = 0.025), and swing time (SwT) (left leg CV, p = 0,0028), at double support phase (DSF) (rigth leg FV, p < 0,001), a general QL (p = 0,004), and to emotional well-being (p = 0.001), cognition (p = 0.020) and body discomfort (p = 0.008). The DG presented better results in comparison to the WG for the outcomes of Frequency of steps (FS) (p = 0.011) and the domain of activities of daily living (ADLs) (p = 0.049). The two interventions showed significant improvements regarding functional mobility, time of contact (TC), time of balance (TB), the perception of general QL, and domains of emotional well-being, cognition and body discomfort. The DG presented better results compared to the WG for the step frequency, double support phase and the domain of daily living activities. Conclusion: Both groups, DG and WG, showed significant improvements after the intervention period, demonstrating that dance is as efficient than walking for functional mobility, motor parameters and the QL for individuals with PD.
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Books on the topic "Disordered Locomotion"

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Measurement of human locomotion. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2001.

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J, Levine Linda, ed. Pelvic locomotor dysfunction: A clinical approach. Gaithersburg, Md: Aspen Publishers, 1996.

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Fundamentals of anatomy and movement: A workbook and guide. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997.

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Clinical gait analysis: Theory and practice. Edinburgh: Elsevier, 2005.

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Lewit, Karel. Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. 3rd ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

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Lewit, Karel. Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1991.

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Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. London: Butterworths, 1985.

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Movement: Functional movement systems : screening, assessment, and corrective strategies. Aptos, CA: On Target Publications, 2010.

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Ward, Thomas E. Kinetic data extraction and analysis system for human gait. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, ed. Primer on the metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disordered Locomotion"

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Almeida, Quincy J. "Neuropsychological Aspects of Gait Disorders." In Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults, 33–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48980-3_3.

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Hackney, Madeleine E., Joe Nocera, Tricia Creel, Mary Doherty Riebesell, and Trisha Kesar. "Exercise and Balance in Older Adults with Movement Disorders." In Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults, 323–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48980-3_21.

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Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico, Carolina R. A. Silveira, and Quincy J. Almeida. "Gait Disturbances in Movement Disorders: A Motor-Cognitive Problem." In Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults, 129–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48980-3_9.

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Ferraz, Henrique Ballalai, and Roberta Arb Saba. "Clinical Aspects of Movement Disorders: Effects on Walking and Posture." In Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults, 21–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48980-3_2.

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Montero-Odasso, Manuel. "Cognition, Gait Disorders, and Fall Risk in Healthy Neurological Older Individuals." In Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults, 91–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48980-3_7.

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Carr, John, Shih-Ping Chen, Joseph F. Connor, Roy Kirkwood, and Joaquim Segalés. "Disorders of the Locomotor System." In Pig Health, 207–26. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157061-5.

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da Silva Matos, Carla, María Fernanda Vinueza Veloz, Tom J. H. Ruigrok, and Chris I. De Zeeuw. "Cerebellar Modules and Networks Involved in Locomotion Control." In Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders, 279–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24551-5_37.

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Noga, Brian R., and Ioan Opris. "From Symmetry to Symmetry-Breaking in Locomotion." In The Physics of the Mind and Brain Disorders, 155–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29674-6_7.

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Mistlberger, Ralph E. "Circadian Organization of Locomotor Activity in Mammals." In Motor Activity and Movement Disorders, 81–109. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-469-6_3.

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Vetulani, J., I. Nalepa, L. Antkiewicz-Michaluk, and M. Sansone. "Opposite Effects of Simple Tetrahydroisoquinolines on Amphetamine and Morphine-Stimulated Locomotor Activity in Mice." In Neurotoxic Factors in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, 326. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1269-1_46.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disordered Locomotion"

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Bozgeyikli, Evren, Andrew Raij, Srinivas Katkoori, and Rajiv Dubey. "Locomotion in Virtual Reality for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder." In SUI '16: Symposium on Spatial User Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2983310.2985763.

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Arora, Pulkit, Archit Singla, Saruchi Aggarwal, Divija Rawat, Padmavati Khandnor, Neelesh Kumar, and Kashif I. Sherwani. "Classification of locomotive disorders based on stance parameters." In 2017 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation (ICCCA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccaa.2017.8229773.

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Schiehlen, Werner, and Marko Ackermann. "Estimation of Metabolical Costs for Human Locomotion." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84229.

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Metabolical energy is the chemical energy consumed by skeletal muscles to generate force. This quantity is useful to understand the comfort of human gait and to evaluate, in terms of effort required, the performance of devices or therapies designed to improve gait quality of persons presenting gait disorders. Firstly, this paper presents the frequently used estimations of energy expenditure based lonely on joint torques and mechanical costs obtained by inverse dynamics of passive and active walking devices. Secondly, a more advanced approach is discussed consisting of modeling the musculoskeletal system with Hill-type phenomenological muscle models and computing the metabolical expenditure adopting expressions recently proposed in the literature. As an example a musculoskeletal model of the lower limb in the sagittal plane consisting of thigh, shank and foot with three degrees of freedom and actuated by eight muscles is considered. This model is used to estimate metabolical costs for known normal gait kinematical data obtained in a gait analysis laboratory.
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Erdemir, Ahmet. "Economical Solution of Optimal Control Problems in Biomechanics: Preliminary Performance." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59780.

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Optimal control of the skeletal system can identify the underlying mechanisms of normal locomotion, and also has the potential for a-priori evaluation of surgical and rehabilitative procedures to correct movement disorders. Nevertheless, clinical applications are limited, particularly due to time-consuming simulations and the requirements of high-level engineering expertise. This study offers a novel strategy that reduces the computational requirements considerably. A preliminary investigation to assess performance is also illustrated using an elbow joint model.
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Nakamura, T., J. Kim, T. Sasaki, Y. Yamamoto, K. Takei, and S. Taneichi. "Intermittent locomotor dynamics and its transitions in bipolar disorder." In 2013 International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations (ICNF). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnf.2013.6578924.

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Ferrarin, M., I. Carpinella, M. Rabuffetti, E. Calabrese, P. Mazzoleni, and R. Nemni. "Locomotor Disorders in Patients at Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease: a Quantitative Analysis." In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.4397629.

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Ferrarin, M., I. Carpinella, M. Rabuffetti, E. Calabrese, P. Mazzoleni, and R. Nemni. "Locomotor Disorders in Patients at Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease: a Quantitative Analysis." In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.260677.

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Cherepov, Evgeniy, Evgeniya Terekhina, Galina Yakovleva, and Anastasiya Khafizova. "EFFECTS OF MODERN FITNESS TECHNOLOGIES INTRODUCED IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION ON MOTIVATION AND STRESS RESISTANCE IN STUDENTS WITH LOCOMOTOR DISORDERS." In 10th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.1078.

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Mazzoleni, S., E. Battini, G. Stampacchia, and T. Tombini. "Effects of robot-assisted locomotor training in patients with gait disorders following neurological injury: An integrated EMG and kinematic approach." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2015.7281296.

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Patel, Harsh, Wing Kin Chung, Vimal Viswanathan, and Sohail Zaidi. "Design and Testing of a Physical Therapy Device Controlled With Voice Commands." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23887.

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Abstract:
Abstract The world population is aging. Age-related disorders such as stroke and spinal cord injury are increasing rapidly, and such patients often suffer from mobility impairments. Wearable robotic exoskeletons are developed that serve as rehabilitation devices for these patients. An assistive knee brace is a simple wearable exoskeleton which is used to help people with mobility issues. This device provides partial assistance to the user and also helps in providing locomotion. Many exoskeletons are currently available in the market that have different functions and use. It is believed that, to date, no voice-controlled knee brace exists in an orthotic application, and that this project debuts a unique approach. This project presents the design of an assistive bionic knee joint with a motor-based actuator. The new exoskeletal mechanism uses the serial elastic actuator concept and mainly consists of a stepper motor, a ball screw, a set of spur gears, and a set of linear springs. The ball screw provides a linear movement to mimic the stretching and retracting action of a human knee. To create a proof-of-concept of the design, 3D printing is used. A voice recognition system has been developed in-house to control the exoskeleton using very simple voice commands. The motor is controlled using a motor driver and powered using an external power source. The 3D printed prototype with integrated voice-control module is tested for its essential functions. The test setup is loaded on the leg of a mannequin and tested under both no-load and full-load operation. The concept is proven to be successful in providing assistance to the human knee. However, the 3D printed material is observed to be bending, causing disruptions in the device’s operation. The reaction times are expected to be significantly larger compared to the theoretically calculated values.
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