Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disparida

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Academic literature on the topic 'Disparida'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Disparida"

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Mao, Yingyan, Gary D. Webster, William I. Ausich, Yue Li, Qiulai Wang, and Mike Reich. "A new crinoid fauna from the Taiyuan Formation (early Permian) of Henan, North China." Journal of Paleontology 92, no. 6 (May 9, 2018): 1066–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2018.27.

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AbstractA diverse Permian crinoid fauna is reported from the Taiyuan Formation, Dajian Member (Asselian) at Anyang, northeastern Henan Province of the North China Craton. The specimens are well preserved, including articulated crowns and cups. The fauna contains representatives of each of the major Paleozoic crinoid clades: Cladida (including the Flexibilia), Disparida, and Camerata. Identified genera suggest a greater affinity with North American faunas than with Tethyan faunas. Four new species,Neoprotencrinus anyangensis,Ulocrinus qiaoi,Artichthyocrinus limani, andSynbathocrinus chenae, are proposed herein.UUID:http://zoobank.org/D08DDDCD-485C-45CC-A014-C1CB58C26588
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Zamora, Samuel, Imran A. Rahman, and William I. Ausich. "Palaeogeographic implications of a new iocrinid crinoid (Disparida) from the Ordovician (Darriwillian) of Morocco." PeerJ 3 (December 7, 2015): e1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1450.

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Complete, articulated crinoids from the Ordovician peri-Gondwanan margin are rare. Here, we describe a new species,Iocrinus africanussp. nov., from the Darriwilian-age Taddrist Formation of Morocco. The anatomy of this species was studied using a combination of traditional palaeontological methods and non-destructive X-ray micro-tomography (micro-CT). This revealed critical features of the column, distal arms, and aboral cup, which were hidden in the surrounding rock and would have been inaccessible without the application of micro-CT.Iocrinus africanussp. nov. is characterized by the presence of seven to thirteen tertibrachials, three in-line bifurcations per ray, and an anal sac that is predominantly unplated or very lightly plated.Iocrinusis a common genus in North America (Laurentia) and has also been reported from the United Kingdom (Avalonia) and Oman (middle east Gondwana). Together withMerocrinus, it represents one of the few geographically widespread crinoids during the Ordovician and serves to demonstrate that faunal exchanges between Laurentia and Gondwana occurred at this time. This study highlights the advantages of using both conventional and cutting-edge techniques (such as micro-CT) to describe the morphology of new fossil specimens.
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DONOVAN, STEPHEN K., C. GILES MILLER, IVAN J. SANSOM, ALAN P. HEWARD, and JAN SCHREURS. "A Laurentian Iocrinus Hall (Crinoidea, Disparida) in the Dapingian or Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician, Arenig) of Oman." Palaeontology 54, no. 3 (May 2011): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01042.x.

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Ausich, William I. "Early phylogeny and subclass division of the Crinoidea (Phylum Echinodermata)." Journal of Paleontology 72, no. 3 (May 1998): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000024276.

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A stepwise approach is employed to determine the phylogeny of the initial crinoid radiation during the Arenig and Llanvirn series of the Ordovician. Parsimony-based character analysis is completed first on Arenig crinoids and then for Arenig and Llanvirn crinoids combined.The topology from well-resolved trees of this early crinoid radiation indicates that the Crinoidea should be subdivided into six subclasses. A new subclass and new order, Aethocrinea and Aethocrinida, respectively, are proposed for crinoids with four circlets of plates in the aboral cup: lintels, infrabasals, basals, and radials. This aboral cup construction is best displayed byAethocrinus, one of the oldest known crinoids (?Tremadoc-Arenig). However, this primitive aboral cup construction is also present in two Llanvirn crinoids,PerittocrinusandTetracionocrinus.The Aethocrinea was a small, short-lived radiation of crinoids with this design that was different from those of other crinoids. Two families in the Aethocrinida are the Aethocrinidae, which includesAethocrinus, and the Perittocrinidae, which includesPerittocrinusandTetracionocrinus.In addition to the Aethocrinea, the following crinoid subclasses are recognized based on character analyses of these earliest crinoids: Cladida, Camerata, Disparida, Flexibilia, and Articulata.
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Rozhnov, S. V. "Streptoiocrinus gen. nov. (Disparida, Crinoidea) from the Lower and Middle Ordovician of the Leningrad Region, and Fluctuating Asymmetry of Radial Symmetry." Paleontological Journal 54, no. 7 (December 2020): 704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0031030120070114.

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Guensburg, Thomas E. "Alphacrinus new genus and origin of the disparid clade." Journal of Paleontology 84, no. 6 (November 2010): 1209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10-030.1.

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Alphacrinus mansfieldi new genus and species from the Middle Tremadoc Series (Early Ibexian), near the base of the Ordovician, is the oldest known disparid crinoid. A new family, Alphacrinidae, receives this monospecific genus. Alphacrinus's character mosaic includes primitive traits unknown among other disparids, auguring for disparid origin from a more complexly plated, less standardized antecedent, and echoing the evolutionary progression documented for camerates and cladids. Disparids are diagnosed as those crinoids expressing an arm-like branch from the C ray. Morphologic progression indicates this distinctive trait evolved by modification of CD interray plates, not as an outgrowth from the C ray.
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Webster, G. D., James W. Haggart, Carrie Saxifrage, Barry Saxifrage, Christian Gronau, and Aileen Douglas. "Globally significant Early Permian crinoids from the Mount Mark Formation in Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, British Columbia — preliminary analysis of a disappearing fauna." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 46, no. 9 (September 2009): 663–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e09-039.

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Strata of the Mount Mark Formation, Buttle Lake Group, exposed in the vicinity of Marble Peak in Strathcona Provincial Park, central Vancouver Island, contain a diverse Early Permian crinoid fauna. This is the first Permian fauna containing crowns and cups recognized from Wrangellia terrane. The fauna contains representatives of each of the major Paleozoic crinoid subclasses: Camerata, Disparida, and Cladida. Specimens were observed and photographed between 2004 and 2008. No specimens were collected in adherence to regulations of Stratcona Provincial Park. Preliminary identifications recognize several new genera and species within the fauna, but they are not named or described lacking specimens for repository. A minimum of 24 species are judged to be in the fauna, making it the second most diverse Permian fauna known from North America. Identified genera suggest a greater relationship to North American faunas than to Paleotethyan faunas, suggesting Wrangellia was closer to North America than to the Paleotethyan realm during Early Permian time. Exposures of the Mount Mark Formation in the vicinity of Marble Peak are undergoing karstification, and specimens are being lost under the harsh weathering conditions. Observations of individual specimens over a five-year interval found that morphologic details critical for identification are being lost at an alarming rate. It is recommended that sufficient specimens in the fauna should be collected as soon as possible for identification and analysis. These specimens should be preserved for future reference and could form an educational display in the Strathcona Provincial Park headquarters.
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Wright, David F., William I. Ausich, Selina R. Cole, Mark E. Peter, and Elizabeth C. Rhenberg. "Phylogenetic taxonomy and classification of the Crinoidea (Echinodermata)." Journal of Paleontology 91, no. 4 (February 22, 2017): 829–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.142.

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AbstractA major goal of biological classification is to provide a system that conveys phylogenetic relationships while facilitating lucid communication among researchers. Phylogenetic taxonomy is a useful framework for defining clades and delineating their taxonomic content according to well-supported phylogenetic hypotheses. The Crinoidea (Echinodermata) is one of the five major clades of living echinoderms and has a rich fossil record spanning nearly a half billion years. Using principles of phylogenetic taxonomy and recent phylogenetic analyses, we provide the first phylogeny-based definition for the Clade Crinoidea and its constituent subclades. A series of stem- and node-based definitions are provided for all major taxa traditionally recognized within the Crinoidea, including the Camerata, Disparida, Hybocrinida, Cladida, Flexibilia, and Articulata. Following recommendations proposed in recent revisions, we recognize several new clades, including the Eucamerata Cole 2017, Porocrinoidea Wright 2017, and Eucladida Wright 2017. In addition, recent phylogenetic analyses support the resurrection of two names previously abandoned in the crinoid taxonomic literature: the Pentacrinoidea Jaekel, 1918 and Inadunata Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885. Last, a phylogenetic perspective is used to inform a comprehensive revision of the traditional rank-based classification. Although an attempt was made to minimize changes to the rank-based system, numerous changes were necessary in some cases to achieve monophyly. These phylogeny-based classifications provide a useful template for paleontologists, biologists, and non-experts alike to better explore evolutionary patterns and processes with fossil and living crinoids.
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Pinarta, I. Putu Bayu, and I. Ketut Mertha. "PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI: ANALISIS DISPARITAS PENANGGULANGAN PENJATUHAN PIDANA DI INDONESIA." Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 10 (November 4, 2020): 1608. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ks.2020.v08.i10.p11.

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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan pidana pada kasus tindak pidana korupsi yang menimbulkan disparitas dan konsep ideal agar tidak ada lagi disparitas pidana pada penjatuhan pidana tindak pidana korupsi dikaitkan dengan rasa keadilan masyarakat Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempergunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan atau statute approach untuk menganalisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim pada kasus tindak pidana korupsi sehingga menimbulkan disparitas putusan pidana meliputi faktor perundang-undangan; pribadi hakim; dan lingkungan yang mencakup faktor politik dan ekonomi dan konsep ideal agar tidak ada lagi disparitas pidana pada penjatuhan pidana tindak pidana korupsi dapat dilakukan dengan cara dibuatnya pedoman pemidanaan; mengkonstruksi kembali (rekonstruksi) pola pemikiran dan perilaku etik hakim; dan upaya untuk memutus perkara yang bebas tendensi. The objective of this research to reveal factors that are considered by the judge in the criminal punishment on corruption cases which causes disparity and the ideal concept to avoid no more criminal disparity on the criminal punishment of corruption. The method used in this research uses normative juridical legal research with a statutory or statutory approach to analysis. The result of this research indicates that factors that are considered by the judge in the criminal punishment on corruption cases which causes disparity included legislation factors; judge personal factors; and environmental factors which include political and economic factors and the ideal concept so that no criminal disparity on the criminal punishment of corruption can be done by the way made sentencing guidelines that can be used as a reference or guidelines for judges to impose criminal sanctions; constructing (reconstruction) patterns of thought and ethical behavior of judges; and an attempt to break free cases tendencies.
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Aznar-Casanova, José Antonio, and Germán Fernández Titos. "Modelos de computación de la disparidad binocular Computing models of the binocular disparity." Cognitiva 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1174/021435501753635604.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disparida"

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Tábi, Roman. "Výpočet mapy disparity ze stereo obrazu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-363903.

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The master thesis focuses on disparity map estimation using convolutional neural network. It discusses the problem of using convolutional neural networks for image comparison and disparity computation from stereo image as well as existing approaches of solutions for given problem. It also proposes and implements system that consists of convolutional neural network that measures the similarity between two image patches, and filtering and smoothing methods to improve the result disparity map. Experiments and results show, that the most quality disparity maps are computed using CNN on input patches with the size of 9x9 pixels combined with matching cost agregation and correction algorithm and bilateral filter.
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Maggia, Christophe. "De la rétine binoculaire aux premiers étages du cortex visuel pour la perception visuelle tridimensionnelle : modèle et expérimentations oculométriques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENS007/document.

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La vision de la profondeur ou communément appelée « vision 3D » permet d'interpréter les relations spatiales tridimensionnelles entre les objets de la scène visuelle et confère à l'homme une grande précision dans ses interactions avec l'environnement. La vision 3D repose sur de nombreux mécanismes d'analyse du signal visuel dont la plupart gardent tout leur pouvoir informationnel lors de la stimulation d'un seul œil (indices monoculaires) mais dont certains nécessitent la stimulation des deux yeux (indices binoculaires). Cette thèse se concentre sur les mécanismes nécessitant les deux yeux qui mettent en jeu la différence de point de vue entre les deux yeux, aussi appelée disparité rétinienne. Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse s'inscrivent suivant deux approches majeures : une approche par la modélisation avec la simulation de l'extraction de la disparité rétinienne au niveau cortical et une approche expérimentale avec l'étude de l'influence de la disparité rétinienne sur l'attention visuelle pendant l'exploration de scènes visuelles stéréoscopiques avec enregistrements oculométriques. Le modèle proposé est construit en utilisant les données physiologiques du cortex visuel primaire V1 disponibles dans la littérature. Il effectue une estimation de la disparité rétinienne à partir des réponses modélisées des cellules simples et complexes de V1. Nous adoptons une approche bio-inspirée à deux niveaux. Le premier concerne l'architecture globale d'organisation et d'interaction des cellules corticales réalisant l'extraction d'informations à différentes fréquences spatiales, orientations et disparités, pour obtenir une estimation locale de la disparité rétinienne. Le second niveau concerne la configuration des cellules corticales implémentées comme des opérateurs de filtrage spatial. La partie expérimentale se divise elle-même en deux parties. En effet, l'utilisation de données oculométriques d'exploration de scènes 3D nécessite une étape préalable de calibration. Ainsi, nous développons une méthode de calibration 3D permettant de suivre la profondeur du regard à partir des coordonnées binoculaires enregistrées par oculométrie. Ensuite, nous analysons l'influence de la disparité rétinienne sur l'exploration visuelle de différentes catégories de scènes naturelles basées sur la présence d'indices de profondeur monoculaires et binoculaires. Nous étudions l'influence de la dominance oculaire, du biais de centralité et du biais de profondeur sur l'exploration pour chaque catégorie d'image. Un modèle de saillance 2D se montre inadapté pour prédire les zones saillantes en 3D mais également en 2D. L'information de profondeur doit être intégrée dans le calcul de la saillance grâce à la disparité rétinienne et grâce aux autres indices de profondeur pour expliquer pleinement l'exploration 2D et 3D
Depth vision or « 3D vision » can interpret tridimensional spatial relations between objects in a visual scene and gives humans a good precision of interaction with their environment. 3D vision uses several kinds of mechanisms to analyze visual signal. Some keep their power during a monocular stimulation (monocular depth cues) but others need a binocular stimulation (binocular depth cues). This thesis focuses on the binocular mechanism which uses the difference of point of view between the two eyes (also called retinal disparity). The work presented in this thesis follows two main approaches: the modeling of the retinal disparity extraction at the cortical level, and an experiment to analyze the influence of retinal disparity on visual attention during the exploration of natural stereoscopic scenes with eye tracking recording. The proposed model is built from physiologic data of primary visual cortex V1 found in the literature. Our model makes an estimation of the retinal disparity from modeled responses of simple and complex cells of V1. We take a bio-inspired approach at two levels. The first level concerns the global architecture of the organization and the interaction of cortical cells which extract the information at different spatial frequencies, orientations and disparities. The second level concerns the configuration of cortical cells implemented like spatial filters. The experimental part is subdivided into two parts. Indeed, the use of eye-tracking data of 3D scenes exploration needs a calibration step. Hence, we developed a 3D calibration method allowing us to track the depth of the gaze from the recorded binocular coordinates. Then, we analyze the influence of retinal disparity in the visual exploration of different categories of natural scenes based on the presence of monocular and binocular depth cues. The ocular dominance, the central bias and the depth bias are also studied in this paradigm. We show that a 2D saliency model is not adapted to predict the salient zone during 3D viewing but also during 2D viewing. The depth information must be integrated in saliency computation thanks to retinal disparity and monocular depth cues to explain fully the visual exploration both in 2D and 3D
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Latorre, Daniel Varajão de. "Padrões macroecólogicos de disparidade morfológica e distribuição de massa de mamíferos terrestres." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-26102015-111843/.

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Entender a relação entre riqueza de espécies e diversidade de nichos ecológicos pode auxiliar a compreensão dos diferentes processos que governam a coexistência de espécies. Caracterizar o nicho de diversas espécies não é trivial, e o nicho é frequentemente estudado a partir de características morfológicas. A massa corpórea está relacionada com características metabólicas, fisiológicas, comportamentais e ecológicas das espécies e então é ideal para estudos ecológicos que envolvem muitas espécies e localidades. Em teoria, um aumento na riqueza de espécies poderia ocorrer tanto pela expansão do espaço de nicho total, quanto pelo empacotamento de nicho, ou mesmo por uma combinação de ambos. Neste trabalho utilizamos massa corpórea de mamíferos terrestres para investigar a ocupação do morfoespaço e a relação dessa ocupação com a riqueza de espécies tanto em assembleias locais, quanto em biotas continentais. No primeiro capítulo desta dissertação, investigamos a variação espacial da disparidade morfológica de mamíferos terrestres e sua relação com a riqueza de espécies. Utilizamos os dados de distribuição geográfica de 4146 espécies para determinar a composição de assembléias locais em um grid com células com 1º de lado. Para cada assembleia, calculamos quatro medidas de disparidade morfológica utilizando massa corpórea como um descritor da morfologia de mamíferos. Comparamos as medidas de disparidade de cada célula com o que seria esperado de acordo com dois modelos nulos (um global e outro regional) que diferem em relação ao pool utilizado para reamostragem. No segundo capítulo, investigamos o efeito da extinção da megafauna e os possíveis efeitos das extinções atuais na distribuição de massa de mamíferos terrestres. De acordo com trabalhos anteriores a distribuição de massa de mamíferos tornou-se bimodal 40 milhões de anos atrás e assim se manteve até o final do Pleistoceno, quando foi modificada pela extinção da megafauna, tornando-se unimodal. Ajustamos dois modelos concorrentes (bimodal e unimodal assimétrico) às distribuições de massa corpórea dos mamíferos de todo o globo e de cada continente separadamente em três momentos de tempo: Final do Pleistoceno, Holoceno e Antropoceno. Os resultados obtidos nos dois capítulos, apesar de observados em escalas muito distintas, sugerem um padrão de empacotamento de nichos nos Neotrópicos. Esse padrão não é influenciado pela extinção da megafauna, e se deve à diversificação de grupos específicos no continente sul americano. Grande parte das espécies dos grupos endêmicos são arborícolas sugerindo a importância das florestas tropicais na diversificação de mamíferos desse continente. Nossos resultados também sugerem que a perda das espécies ameaçadas de extinção no Antropoceno irão resultar em mudanças significativas na África e na Eurásia, dois continentes menos afetados pelas extinções do Pleistoceno
Understand the relation between species richness and ecological niche diversity might help to understand processes behind species coexistence. However, to quantify species niche is not easy and a ecomorfological approach is often used instead. Body mass is related to several life history traits such as metabolism, physiology, behaviour and ecology, thus being the ideal trait for studies comparing many different species and localities. In theory, increases in species richness could be attained by an expansion of total niche space or by niche packing, or even by a combination of both. Here we use terrestrial mammals body mass to investigate morphospace occupation and its relation to species richness in both local assemblages and continental biotas. In the first chapter, we investigate the spatial variation of morphological disparity of terrestrial mammals and its relation to species richness. We used species distributions of 4146 species to determine the composition of local assemblages in a grid of 1º cells. For each assemblage we measured four morphological disparity metrics using body mass as a surrogate of mammalian morphology. We compared the observed disparity measures for each cell with the expected distribution given by two null models (one global and other regional) that differ for the species pool used to perform resamples. In the second chapter we investigated the effect of megafauna extinctions and possible effects of ongoing extinctions on the body mass distribution of terrestrial mammals. Previous studies suggest that the body mass distribution of mammals became bimodal 40 million years ago and so remained until the end of the Pleistocene, when it was modified by megafauna extinction and became unimodal. We fitted two concurring models (a bimodal and a skewed unimodal) to the body mass distribution of global mammals and of each continent separately in tree time frames: Late Pleistocene, Holocene and Anthropocene. The results from both chapters, although from observation in different scales, suggest a pattern of niche packing on the Neotropics. This pattern is not biased by the recent megafauna extinction, but is due to the diversification of clades specific to the South American continent during its period of isolation. A high proportion of the species in these endemic groups is arboreal suggesting the importance of tropical forests in the diversification of mammals in this continent. Our results also suggest that the possible loss of endangered species in the Anthropocene will result in meaningful changes in Africa and Eurasia, two continents that where less affected by Pleistocene extinctions
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Bergström, Joel. "Disparity Tool : A disparity estimaion program." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-12362.

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Lertchuwongsa, Noppon. "Color Lines, and Regions and Their Stereo Matching." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112309.

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En vision par ordinateur, les points saillants sont des caractéristiques essentielles aux algorithmes. Les performances dépendent de paramètres extérieurs (ex. illumination). Les mesures de similarité sont centrales à la reconnaissance. Pour assurer l'efficacité de traitement, les caractéristiques extraites d'une image doivent être stables, et la mesure de similarité doit les distinguer parfaitement.Dans cette thèse, des caractéristiques conjointes géométrie/couleur sont étudiées : lignes de couleur et régions. Elles fondent la détection d'une troisième, la profondeur, qui sert en retour à évaluer leurs performanceLes lignes sont des extensions des classiques lignes de niveau: l'espace couleur 3-D est projeté sur un espace 1-D adapté pour résumer l'information chromatique là où elle est adéquate,Les régions exploitent classiquement la connexité image mais jointe à une compacité dans l'histogramme bidimensionnel issu du modèle dichromatique. L'homogénéité ainsi définie garantit une robustesse a priori aux variations d'éclairage en séparant la couleur de l'intensité et les couleurs entre elles.Cette homogénéité est exploitée selon 2 méthodes d'extraction d'ensembles compacts autour des modes de l'histogramme: extraction analytique des extrema locaux de couleur, extraction de ces mêmes extrema contrôlée par les régions correspondantes de l'image.Pour la profondeur, trois calculs de disparité stéréoscopique sont proposés et les performances comparées avec la réalité terrain:1. Appariement de lignes couleur avec une distance de Hausdorff revisitée.2. Exploitation de la forme des histogrammes de disparité par régions3.Coopération entre appariement de points et de régions
In computer vision, salient points are essential features to algorithms. Performances depend on external parameters (e.g. illuminant). Similarity measures are central to recognition.To secure the processing efficiency, extracted features have to be stable enough, and the similarity measure needs to perfectly distinguish between them.In the thesis, joint geometrical and color features are studied: color lines and regions. They found the detection of a third one, range, that helps in turn to assess their goodness.Color lines are extensions of classical level lines: the 3 D color space is mapped onto a 1 D scale especially designed to retain the chromatic information where it is suitable.Regions require the usual image connectivity but in association with compactness in the bi-dimensional histogram stemming from the dichromatic model. The so-designed homogeneity is granting an a priori good robustness against illumination variations in separating the body colors and splitting color from intensity.The latter homogeneity gives raise to 2 methods for extracting compact sets around histogram modes: color first analysis (an analytic extraction of color local extrema) , and joint color/space analysis (same but controlled by the region growing).As for depth, 3 methods to compute the stereo disparity are proposed for their results to be confronted with the ground-truth:1. Color line matching based on a modified Hausdorff distance,2. Studying the shape of the disparity histogram between regions,3. Cooperation between pixel correlation and region matching.The robustness of the designed features is proved on several stereo pairs. Future work deals with improving efficacy and accuracy
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Vieira, Gabriel da Silva. "Disparity map production: an architectural proposal and a refinement method design." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9088.

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Disparity maps are key components of a stereo vision system. Autonomous navigation, 3D reconstruction, and mobility are examples of areas of research which use disparity maps as an important element. Although a lot of work has been done in the stereo vision field, it is not easy to build stereo systems with concepts such as reuse and extensible scope. In this study, we explore this gap and it presents a software architecture that can accommodate different stereo methods through a standard structure. Firstly, it introduces some scenarios that illustrate use cases of disparity maps and it shows a novel architecture that foments code reuse. A Disparity Computation Framework (DCF) is presented and we discuss how its components are structured. Then we developed a prototype which closely follows the proposal architecture and we prepared some test cases to be performed. Furthermore, we have implemented disparity methods for validation purposes and to evaluate our disparity refinement method. This refinement method, named as Segmented Consistency Check (SCC), was designed to increase the robustness of stereo matching algorithms. It consists of a segmentation process, statistical analysis of grouping areas and a support weighted function to find and to fill in unknown disparities. The experimental results show that the DCF can satisfy different scenarios on-demand. Besides, they show that SCC method is an efficient approach that can make some enhancements in disparity maps, as reducing the disparity error measure.
Mapas de disparidade são elementos cruciais em sistemas de visão estéreo. Navegação autônoma, reconstrução 3D e mobilidade são exemplos de área de pesquisa que utilizam mapas de disparidade como elementos-chave. Embora muitos trabalhos têm sido feitos na área de visão estéreo, ainda assim, não é trivial construir sistemas estéreos com aplicação de conceitos como reutilização e escopo extensível. Neste estudo, exploramos essa lacuna e apresentamos uma arquitetura de software capaz de acomodar diferentes métodos de visão estéreo através de uma estrutura bem definida. Inicialmente, cenários que ilustram usos de mapa de disparidade são introduzidos e uma arquitetura que fomenta reutilização de código é apresentada. Dessa forma, um Framework de Cálculo de Disparidade (FCD) é apresentado e seus componentes são discutidos a fim de especificar a sua estrutura. Em seguida, um protótipo que segue a arquitetura proposta é apresentado e alguns casos de teste são preparados e executados. Além disso, métodos de cálculo de disparidade foram implementados para propostas de validação e para avaliar o método de refinamento de disparidade proposto pelos autores. Esse método de refinamento, chamado de Checagem de Consistência de Segmento (CCS), foi projetado para aumentar a robustez de algoritmos de combinação estéreo. Trata-se de um método que utiliza um processo de segmentação preliminar, análise estatística de áreas definidas e função ponderada de suporte para encontrar e preencher disparidades marcadas como desconhecidas. Os resultados dos experimentos realizados apontam que o FCD pode satisfazer diferentes cenários sob demanda. Além disso, os resultados mostram que o método CCS é uma abordagem eficiente que pode trazer certos melhoramentos em mapas de disparidade, como reduzir a medida de erro no cálculo de correspondências estéreo.
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Vavroš, Ondřej. "Měření vzdálenosti stereoskopickým senzorem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220333.

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This master's thesis will take us through theoretical procedure that allows us to determine the distance of an object by stereoscopic sensor. Part of this work presents the description of the steps to achieve image of objects, calibraton and rectification. At the next part our study provides an overview of algortihms for creating disparity maps and determining the distance of the object from sensor. In the following part of thesis deals with the implementation of these processes into aplication which aim is to measure the distance.
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Laureano, Gustavo Teodoro. "Criação de mapas de disparidades empregando análise multi-resolução e agrupamento perceptual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18152/tde-11042008-113516/.

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O trabalho apresentado por essa dissertação busca contribuir com a atenuação do problema da correspondência em visão estéreo a partir de uma abordagem local de soluções. São usadas duas estratégias como solução às ambigüidades e às oclusões da cena: a análise multi-resolução das imagens empregando a estrutura piramidal, e a força de agrupamento perceptual, conhecida como Gestalt theory na psicologia. Inspirado no sistema visual humano, a visão estéreo é uma área de grande interesse em visão computacional, e está relacionada à recuperação de informações tridimensionais de uma cena a partir de imagens da mesma. Para isso, as imagens são capturadas em posições diferentes para o futuro relacionamento das várias projeções de um mesmo ponto 3D. Apesar de ser estudada há quase quatro décadas, ela ainda apresenta problemas de difícil solução devido às dificuldades relacionadas às distorções produzidas pela mudança da perspectiva de visualização. Dentre esses problemas destacam-se os relacionados à oclusão de pontos e também à ambigüidade gerada pela repetição ou ausência de textura nas imagens. Esses por sua vez compõem a base do problema estéreo, chamado de problema da correspondência. Os resultados obtidos são equivalentes aos obtidos por técnicas globais, com a vantagem de requerer menor complexidade computacional. O uso da teoria de agrupamento perceptual faz desse trabalho um método moderno de estimação de disparidades, visto que essa técnica é alvo de atenção especial em recentes estudos na área de visão computacional.
This work aims to give a contribution to the correspondence problem using a local approach. Two strategies are used as solution to ambiguities and occlusions: the multi-resolution analysis with irnages pyramids and the other is the perceptual grouping weight, called Gestalt theory in the psychology. Inspired by human vision system, the stereo vision is an very important area in computer vision. It is related with the 3D information recovery from a pair of images. The images are captured frorn different positions to hereafter association of the 3D point projections. Although it has being studied for quite a long time, stereo vision presents some difficult problems, related to the change of visualisation perspective. Among the different problems originated from point of view changes, occlusions and ambiguities have special attention and compose the foundation of stereo problem, named correspondence problem. The results obtained were closer to the ones generated by global techniques, with the advantage of requiring less computational complexity. The use of Gestalt theory makes this a modern disparity estimation method, as this theory has been received special attention in computer vision researchs.
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Lemstra, M. "Health Disparity in Saskatoon." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/14117.

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Wildes, Richard Patrick. "On interpreting stereo disparity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17262.

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Books on the topic "Disparida"

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Dispara-teatro. Puebla, Pue. [Mexico]: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Dirección de Fomento Editorial, 2008.

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Cabal, Fermín. Ello dispara. Madrid: Ediciones Marsó-Velasco, 1991.

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Orissa (India). Directorate of Economics and Statistics. Gender disparity Orissa, 2010. Bhubaneswar: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, 2010.

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Jenkin, Michael R. M. Techniques for disparity measurement. Toronto: University of Toronto, Dept. of Computer Science, 1987.

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Human Rights Commission of San Francisco (San Francisco, Calif.). Disparity study 1996-1997. San Francisco, CA: The Commission, 1997.

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Fleet, David J. Phase-based disparity measurement. Toronto, Ont: University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, 1989.

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Winarsih, Wachyu. Analisis disparitas input pembangunan. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik, 2010.

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Palai, Nirod K. Regional disparity in India. New Delhi: Avon Publications, 2014.

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P, Singh H. Regional disparity in industrial growth. New Delhi, India: Anmol Publications, 1987.

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Indian Economic Association Trust for Research and Development., ed. Sectional disparity: Indices for measurement. New Delhi: Indian Economic Association Trust for Research and Development, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disparida"

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Weik, Martin H. "disparity." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 431. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5277.

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Szymkowicz, Sarah M., and Adam J. Woods. "Binocular Disparity." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 577–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_9104.

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Weik, Martin H. "disparity code." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 431. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5279.

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Lazareva, Olga. "Binocular Disparity." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2760-1.

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Hopkins, Melanie J., and Sylvain Gerber. "Morphological Disparity." In Evolutionary Developmental Biology, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33038-9_132-1.

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Yamashige, Shinji. "Regional Disparity." In Advances in Japanese Business and Economics, 195–212. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55909-2_10.

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Szymkowicz, Sarah M., and Adam J. Woods. "Binocular Disparity." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_9104-1.

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Hopkins, Melanie J., and Sylvain Gerber. "Morphological Disparity." In Evolutionary Developmental Biology, 965–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32979-6_132.

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Lazareva, Olga. "Binocular Disparity." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 579–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_2760.

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Weik, Martin H. "disparity binary code." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 431. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5278.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disparida"

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Wang, Wei, and Caiming Zhang. "Local Disparity Refinement with Disparity Inheritance." In 2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics (SOPO 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sopo.2012.6271060.

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Sheikh Faridul, Hasan, Gwenaël Doërr, and Séverine Baudry. "Disparity estimation and disparity-coherent watermarking." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by Adnan M. Alattar, Nasir D. Memon, and Chad D. Heitzenrater. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2082535.

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Hawe, Simon, Martin Kleinsteuber, and Klaus Diepold. "Dense disparity maps from sparse disparity measurements." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2011.6126488.

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Muller, Julian, Andreas Fregin, and Klaus Dietmayer. "Disparity Sliding Window: Object Proposals from Disparity Images." In 2018 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2018.8593390.

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Zhang, Zhuoyun, Chunping Hou, Lili Shen, and Jiachen Yang. "An Objective Evaluation for Disparity Map Based on the Disparity Gradient and Disparity Acceleration." In 2009 International Conference on Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itcs.2009.98.

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Diaz, Alejandro, and Ranjan Mukherjee. "A Topology Optimization Problem in Control of Structures Using Modal Disparity." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84761.

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Towards the goal of developing a new methodology for control of vibration in flexible structures, this paper introduces the concept of modal disparity and addresses the topology optimization problem for maximizing the disparity. The modal disparity in a structure is generated by the application of forces that vary the stiffness of the structure and a topology optimization problem determines the best locations for application of these forces. When the forces are switched on and off and, as a result, the structure is switched between two stiffness states, modal disparity results in vibration energy being transferred from a set of uncontrolled modes to a set of controlled modes. This allows the vibration of the structure to be completely attenuated by removing energy from the small set of controlled modes. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate control of vibration in two truss-like structures exploiting modal disparity.
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Vandewalle, Patrick, and Chris Varekamp. "Supervised disparity estimation." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by Andrew J. Woods, Nicolas S. Holliman, and Gregg E. Favalora. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.908268.

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Wang, Haorong, Min Liang, Yixuan Li, Tiansheng Wu, and Jie Li. "High Accuracy Disparity Estimation via Weighted Phase Correlation Disparity Tracker." In 2019 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data and Business Intelligence (MLBDBI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlbdbi48998.2019.00043.

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Liu, Lee-Kang, Zucheul Lee, and Truong Nguyen. "Sharp disparity reconstruction using sparse disparity measurement and color information." In 2013 11th IVMSP Workshop: 3D Image/Video Technologies and Applications. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivmspw.2013.6611899.

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Park, Young-Gyoo, Kyung Hoon Bae, Jung-Hwan Ko, and Eun-Soo Kim. "Object-based disparity estimation scheme using adaptive disparity-based segmentation." In Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, edited by Andrew G. Tescher. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.506564.

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Reports on the topic "Disparida"

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Orser, Don J. Binocular spherical disparity:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4865.

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Lindert, Peter. Purchasing Power Disparity before 1914. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22896.

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Abdel-Mageed, Asim B. Nuclear Matrix Proteins in Disparity of Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada542270.

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Abdel-Mageed, Asim B. Nuclear Matrix Proteins in Disparity of Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602404.

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Black, Dan A., Natalia A. Kolesnikova, Seth G. Sanders, and Lowell J. Taylor. The Role of Location in Evaluating Racial Wage Disparity. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2009.043.

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Urquidi, Manuel, Verónica Tejerina, Mariana Raphael, and Guillaume Durand. Trabajar y ser mujer en Bolivia. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002914.

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Durante los últimos veinte años, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha evolucionado de manera favorable en materia de igualdad de género. Sin embargo, la disparidad en diversos ámbitos sigue siendo una realidad y Bolivia no es excepción. El documento presenta algunos datos escogidos que muestran la evolución de la situación de la mujer en el mercado laboral y algunos datos de contexto para entender algunos de los retos que enfrentan las mujeres trabajadoras en Bolivia.
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Ostrer, Harry. Genomic Basis of Prostate Cancer Health Disparity Among African-American Men. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613850.

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Fitzgerald, Breda, and Carol J. Salusso. A self-efficacy approach to mediating gender disparity in body satisfaction. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1137.

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Ostrer, Harry. Genomic Basis of Prostate Cancer Health Disparity Among African-American Men. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580967.

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Zaki, Chahir. On trade policies and wage disparity in Egypt: Evidence from microeconomic data. Population Council, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2.1075.

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