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1

Lou, Vega Salvador 1972. "Modelo matemático para o estudo do efeito Allee sobre a dispersão de plantas por agentes e em meios heterogêneos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306712.

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Orientador: Wilson Castro Ferreira Junior<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T04:48:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LouVega_Salvador_D.pdf: 14692586 bytes, checksum: f745ca7fb3da3cfa09dfb8a8dd9f37bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013<br>Resumo: Apresentamos um modelo integro - recursivo para a dispersão de uma planta que acopla uma dinâmica de reprodução, com efeito, Allee e uma dinâmica de dispersão em um meio heterogêneo. Propomos um modelo de difusão e sedimentação para
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2

Newell, Simon C. "Dispersal in carabids." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2725.

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The study consisted primarily of a number of surveys in brassica fields, using pitfall and gutter traps. At all sites a number of different species of carabids were marked and released. From the pitfall trapping it was found that different carabid species inhabitated different parts of the field, particularly in relation to the field boundaries. Two common species, Nebria brevicollis and Bembidion lampros, over-wintered in the hedgebanks, moving out into the fields in the spring. Two other common species, Pterostichus melanarius and Harpalus rufipes, were primarily associated with the field, b
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Heinz, Simone K. "Dispersal in fragmented landscapes : from individual dispersal behaviour to metapopulation dynamics /." Leipzig-Halle : UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015383379&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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4

Ansong, Michael. "Unintentional Human Dispersal of Weed Seed." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365736.

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Seed dispersal is an important biological process as propagule pressure affects the success of plant invasions. The role and importance of humans in this process is increasingly recognised, particularly in relation to long distance seed dispersal. There is still comparatively limited research on unintentional human-mediated seed dispersal, including for seed dispersed from clothing, compared to other dispersal mechanisms such as wind or seed attached to fur. With more people travelling globally, including to remote locations, humans can unintentionally transport seeds over long distances. Thi
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Meister, Gerald Alan. "Dispersal of transposable elements." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ46389.pdf.

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6

Clarke, S. A. "Dispersal of Satyrid butterflies." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383645.

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7

Paulson, Matthew David. "Seasonal dispersal of pests." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529837.

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8

Bonadonna, Costanza. "Models of tephra dispersal." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367665.

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9

Lou, Vega Salvador 1972. "Dispersão de longo alcance e efeito Allee em um processo invasivo." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306718.

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Orientador: Wilson Castro Ferreira Junior<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T08:00:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LouVega_Salvador_M.pdf: 1338284 bytes, checksum: f247d3dc13a783da27d224a3d32df47b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: Proponemos um modelo matemático para uma planta invasora, que acopla a dinâmica de reproduão com Efeito Allee e a dispersão de longa distância de uma planta invasora. Consideramos um efeito Allee devido à limitação de pólen, qu
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10

Gwynne-Evans, David. "The dispersal paradox : can lowland granivorous mice also disperse the seeds they devour?" Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24830.

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The relationship between two rodent species and the Cape Reed (Willdenowia incurvata) were examined. Many studies have focussed on the role of rodents as predators of plant seeds. However, it seems that certain rodents may actually perform a crucial role in the dispersal of plants. Experiments to uncover the dispersal mechanism were carried out. Also examined is the role of the appendages present on the Restio seeds, possibly as energy-rich rewards for dispersal for the rodents. It was found that the Restio may be dependent on seed-dispersing rodents, although this mutualism is not so importan
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11

KHALIQ, ALI ABDUL. "Gas Dispersal Simulation in ROS." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-20431.

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This work presents a 3-D gas dispersal simulation and olfactory detection system implemented in ROS. Gas dispersal simulation integrates OpenFOAMflow simulation and a filament-based gas propagation model to simulate gas dispersion for compressible flows with a realistic turbulence model. The olfactory detection system models the response of metal oxide gas sensor to the simulated gas. Olfaction related experiments in mobile robots can be highly complex and hazardous due to the involvement of flammable and toxic gases. Moreover, the results of mobile olfaction task depends on the characteristic
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12

Owen, James Edward. "Protoplanetary disc evolution and dispersal." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240630.

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In this thesis I have studied how discs around young stars evolve and disperse. In particular, I build models which combine viscous evolution with photoevaporation, as previous work suggests that photoevaporation can reproduce the observed disc evolution and dispersal time-scales. The main question this thesis attempts to address is: Can photoevaporation provide a dominant dispersal mechanism for the observed population of young stars? Photoevaporation arises from the heating that high energy (UV and X-ray) photons provide to the surface layers of a disc. Before I started this work, only photo
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13

Maio, Gianluca Faculty of Science UNSW. "Asymmetrical dispersal in simulation analysis." Publisher:University of New South Wales, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43382.

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Asymmetrical dispersal is when dispersal rates differ in opposite directions. This is expected to be common in natural populations. This work aims to study the symmetrical and asymmetrical dispersal through the use of a simulation program, simuPOP. The main questions were (i) "what are the differences between asymmetrical and symmetrical dispersal in relation to genetic differentiation and equilibrium?" and (ii) "Is it possible to identify asymmetrical dispersal structure from observed patterns of genetic differentiation between populations, and variation within populations?". To address these
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14

Hodkinson, Dunmail John. "Plant dispersal : vectors and tradeoffs." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389924.

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15

Lönnell, Niklas. "Dispersal of bryophytes across landscapes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100064.

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Dispersal, especially long-distance dispersal, is an important component in many disciplines within biology. Many species are passively dispersed by wind, not least spore-dispersed organisms. In this thesis I investigated the dispersal capacity of bryophytes by studying the colonization patterns from local scales (100 m) to landscape scales (20 km). The dispersal distances were measured from a known source (up to 600 m away) or inferred from a connectivity measure (1–20 km). I introduced acidic clay to measure the colonization rates over one season of a pioneer moss, Discelium nudum (I–III). I
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16

Jardini, Michael Anthony. "Methodologies for Investigating Cultivar Dispersal." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555543.

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Cultivar dispersal is related to food choice by the scale of the event: food choice occurs at an individual level, while dispersal occurs at a societal level. Dispersal is investigated by using data from the FAO, specifically the FAOSTAT tool and the GAEZ database, and literature review. A number of methodologies are tested in order to determine the best method for investigating dispersal; methodologies include visal comparison, normalization and statistical analysis of production and consumption values, measures of crop suitability, and investigation of botanical origin. Quantitative analysis
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Byrne, David N., and David E. Bellamy. "Predicting Dispersal by Whitefly Parasitoids." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220016.

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These experiments were designed to examine short-range dispersal by the small whitefly parasitoid Eretmocerus eremicus that takes place within the confines of a specifically defined habitat. We were specifically concerned with the impacts of sex and mating status on their dispersal. We hoped to construct predictive models concerning dispersal. In a vertical flight chamber we found that female flight duration was significantly longer (11 times) than that of males and that unmated parasitoids flew approximately three times longer than mated individuals. In field studies 87% of the 4,153 parasito
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18

Bigsby, Kevin M. "Anthropogenic Drivers of Gypsy Moth Dispersal." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03202009-173827/.

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Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar: Linnaeus) is a polyphagous non-native forest pest first introduced to Medford, Massachusetts in 1869. It has since spread as far south as North Carolina and as far west as Wisconsin. Gypsy moth is responsible for defoliating approximately 100,000 hectares of forest annually, resulting in mortality in a small percentage of trees, averting behavior by recreators, and creating a nuisance to the general public. Limiting the spread of gypsy moth is beneficial because it delays the onset of costs and losses associated with quarantine, tree defoliation and mortality, and
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19

Clark, Craig Andrew. "Numerical simulations of maize pollen dispersal." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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20

Mashanova, Alla. "Measuring and modelling individual dispersal behaviour." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521750.

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21

Rosotti, Giovanni. "Proto-planetary disc evolution and dispersal." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-182903.

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22

Alemadi, Shireen. "DISPERSAL BEHAVIOR OF MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA HOLBROOKI)." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2910.

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Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) are native to the southeastern United States but invasive elsewhere, and are dominant predators in many ecosystems that they inhabit. Information on dispersal behavior will help better understand and predict mosquitofish metapopulation dynamics and invasions. I experimentally tested dispersal behavior of individual mosquitofish under a range of laboratory conditions relevant to field situations. Preliminary experiments showed that gender, lighting conditions, hunger and acclimation time did not significantly affect net dispersal rate. Power analysis based on t
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23

Fowler, Michael S. "Interactions between density dependence and dispersal." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248291.

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24

Simmons, Adam David. "Changes in dispersal during range expansion." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396933.

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25

Williams, Roger Haydn. "Dispersal of the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242306.

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26

Hobson, L. "Dispersal and reproductive competition in mammals." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005820/.

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27

Kim, Stacy L. "Larval dispersal between hydrothermal vent habitats." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40566.

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28

Shaw, Emma McCarroll. "Agricultural spiders : distribution, dispersal and behaviour." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405982.

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29

Noble, Laine. "Evolution of Dispersal in Patchy Habitats." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1448878039.

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30

Jones, Hayley B. C. "Quantifying dispersal in British noctuid moths." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8597/.

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Dispersal is an important process in the ecology and evolution of organisms, affecting species’ population dynamics, gene flow, and range size. Around two thirds of common and widespread British macro-moths have declined in abundance over the last 40 years, and dispersal ability may be important in determining whether or not species persist in this changing environment. However, knowledge of dispersal ability in macro-moths is lacking because dispersal is difficult to measure directly in nocturnal flying insects. This thesis investigated the dispersal abilities of British noctuid moths to exam
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Naylor, Richard A. "Ecology and dispersal of the bedbug." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2244/.

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The global bedbug resurgence has left the scientific community racing to fill large gaps in our understanding of the biology and ecology of this forgotten pest. Studying the ecology of a species so closely associated with humans has inherent difficulties, necessitating the development of laboratory arenas that replicate natural infestations. The arena developed herein provides bedbugs with the opportunity to exhibit natural foraging, hiding and dispersal behaviours on a scale that reflects their natural environment. Using this arena I test hypotheses relating to; 1) how bedbugs use harbourage
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Banha, Filipe Miguel Santos. "Human dispersal of freshwater invasive fauna." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18152.

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The main goal of this thesis was to improve the knowledge on the mechanisms involved on Human dispersal of freshwater invasive fauna, contributing for the management of these problematic species. Several vectors were investigated, both accidental and intentional, from a freshwater invaders list that included some of the worse species. It was found that the red swamp crayfish and the signal crayfish presented desiccation survival capacities compatible with long-distance human-mediated dispersal. Off-road vehicles constituted a viable accidental vector for invasive macroinvertebrates, like the r
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Alzoubi, Maref Yousef. "A dispersal model for structured populations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289042.

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We study a model for a structured population with a two-phase life cycle. Growth and reproduction occur during the first phase. The first phase is followed by a dispersal phase in which individuals are allowed to move throughout a habitat. We study the extinction and survival of the population from the bifurcation point of view. We prove the existence of positive equilibria and analyze their asymptotic stability near the extinction equilibria, relating it to the direction of bifurcation. Finally we investigate the spectrum of the branch of positive solutions.
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Bunney, Katherine. "Seed dispersal in South African trees: with a focus on the megafaunal fruit and their dispersal agents." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9191.

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Includes bibliographical references<br>Seed dispersal is a key process. It is important in plant population biology because it influences the fate of seeds and the probability of recruitment, in plant biogeography since dispersal mode can influence the distribution range and rate of response to environmental change and habitat fragmentation, and in animal ecology since fruits can be an important dietary item (Wang and Smith, 2002). The majority of trees in the tropics (70 – 90%) and a large proportion of trees in temperate regions (up to 60%) rely on vertebrates for their dispersal (Howe and S
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35

Will, Heidrun. "Modelling seed dispersal by animals development and application of a mechanistic simulation model for zoochorous seed dispersal." Berlin mbv, Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992966426/04.

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36

Silva, Vanessa Mariano da. "O papel da limitação de sementes e da limitação no estabelecimento no recrutamento de plantas do cerrado." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8368.

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Submitted by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-12T17:18:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA_Vanessa Mariano_2015.pdf: 1028554 bytes, checksum: b983689081dffe8a634db905adc7c152 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-12T17:19:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA_Vanessa Mariano_2015.pdf: 1028554 bytes, checksum: b983689081dffe8a634db905adc7c152 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-12T17:20:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA_Vanessa Mariano_2015.pdf
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Lapenta, Marina Janzantti. "Frugivoria, Dispersão Primária e Secundária de Sementes Consumidas por Micos-Leões-Dourados (Leontopithecus rosalia) na Reserva Biológica União, RJ." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-20072007-144301/.

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Os animais frugívoros podem influenciar padrões de distribuição espacial de plantas jovens e adultas, mas parte do recrutamento de uma população vegetal é perdida pela predação de sementes, sendo esta a principal força ecológica e evolutiva que afeta as comunidades vegetais. A maioria das sementes dispersadas por primatas na floresta é morta por predadores de sementes ou movida por dispersores secundários, alterando a sombra de sementes original. Pouco se sabe sobre as interações complexas entre a dispersão e predação de sementes, visto que poucos trabalhos foram realizados sobre a relação ent
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Hawes, Nicola Ann. "Nearshore Dispersal and Reproductive Viability of Intertidal Fucoid Algae : how effective is drift in local to regional dispersal?" Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2103.

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The ecological importance of drifting will depend on the abundance of drifting algae and whether it is reproductively viable. However, the ability of adult plants to successfully disperse long-distances by drifting is largely unknown, particularly for fucoids. The abundance, species composition, and reproductive status of drifting algae was examined by transect surveys around Kaikoura and Banks Peninsula. Abundance and species composition varied between sites, but all drifting algae that were in reproductive season, and had reproductive structures intact, were reproductively active. The reprod
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Bartumeus, i. Ferré Frederic. "Lévy Processes in Animal Movement and Dispersal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1424.

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ENGLISH ABSTRACT:<br/><br/>The general aim of this thesis was to develop a theoretical framework in order to study large-scale animal movements and/or dispersal processes as random search strategies. The framework was based on statistical physics methods and concepts related to a class of stochastic processes based on the Lévy-stable distribution (the so-called Lévy processes). In particular, we modeled animal movement and dispersal processes by means of a new class of random walks based on the Lévy-stable distribution (the so-called Lévy flights). Lévy flight models introduce two relevant lo
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Ryan, Daniel P. "Fitness Dependent Dispersal in Intraguild Predation Communities." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/608.

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A model of a three species intraguild predation community is proposed. The model is realized as a system of cross-diffusion equations which allow the intraguild prey species to adjust its motility based on local resource and intraguild predator densities. Solutions to the cross-diffusion system are shown to exist globally in time and the existence of a global attractor is proved. Abstract permanence theory is used to study conditions for coexistence in the ecological community. The case where the intraguild prey disperses randomly is compared to the case where the intraguild prey disperses con
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Fogelqvist, Johan. "Genetic structure and dispersal in plant populations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9211.

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This thesis focuses on the spatial structure and methods to identify spatial structure in plants. Methods that investigate genetic structure can mainly be divided into equilibrium methods that reveal summed dispersal over many generations, and cluster methods, that reveal more recent dispersal events. Depending on the spatial level, local or global, suitable methods are different. The thesis consists of four papers. The first explores the spatial genetic structure in two epiphytic bryophytes that have different dispersal strategies (Orthotrichum speciosum and O. obtusifolium) using three diffe
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42

Astini, Juan Pablo. "Managing maize pollen dispersal and out-crossing." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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43

Uzcategui, Cuello Nathalie Yumari. "Evolution and dispersal of mosquito-borne flaviviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288520.

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Bolland, Jonathan David. "Factors affecting the dispersal of coarse fish." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:1366.

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Globally, freshwater fisheries are faced with numerous impacts that compromise fish populations. A knowledge and understanding of riverine fish movements are crucial for effective management and conservation of populations. However, there is a paucity of information about the spatial behaviour and ecology of wild and stocked cyprinids in floodplain rivers, especially under the influence of elevated flows. This study examined the factors affecting the lateral and longitudinal dispersal of juvenile and adult (wild and stocked) coarse fish in three lowland river catchments, namely the River Trent
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O'Connor, Sarah-Jane. "Quantifying seed dispersal of matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7836.

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In New Zealand’s highly modified environment, it is unclear how ecological services function within modified habitats and with an altered suite of mutualists and predators. I used matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia) to investigate the status of dispersal including the range of native and introduced species involved, and to test the feasibility of using microsatellites (repetitive regions of DNA) to identify maternal origin of seeds and therefore measure dispersal. I isolated ten microsatellite loci, five of which were polymorphic. Across 20 adult matai on Banks Peninsula, none shared a multi-locus g
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46

Krug, Rainer Michael. "Modelling seed dispersal in restoration and invasions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1155.

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Thesis (PhD (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>Dispersal plays an essential role in determining the distribution of populations of species, especially species expanding their ranges. Two disciplines are concerned with gaining understanding of spread of species, namely restoration ecology and invasion biology. Con- ceptual understanding of dispersal, its mechanisms and its management is essential to both disciplines. Nevertheless, the disciplines have quite opposite objectives: in restoration ecol- ogy, spread of indigenous species into transformed la
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Adeniran, Oluwafisayo Hazeezat. "Determinants of grasshopper dispersal : an experimental approach." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43157.

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Understanding and predicting animal movements is of crucial importance for the conservation and management of natural resources. Grasshoppers are ecological indicator species used to monitor the spatio- temporal changes, to help reduce further loss of biodiversity on open grasslands. However, their current decline on European landscapes as a consequence of intense agricultural practices has elicited the need to understand all aspects of their ecology especially their movement on these highly fragmented landscapes. With the use of a mesocosm, a mark and re-sight study was conducted in the Poito
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Arzt, Alexandra E. "Dispersal: a multidisciplinary investigation of plant life." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3957.

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Using plants as a basis for exploring the interstices between the human and nonhuman, this thesis investigates ideas of awareness, intelligence, deep time, animism, and the fluctuating human perception of the agency of Nature. It outlines environmental art practices since the 1950s involving vegetal life. In addition, the paper provides a critical analysis of plant perception of Jakob von Uexküll’s work and theories of vital materialism and “critical plant studies” while noting recent studies in plant neurobiology. In my work, plants become active participants via their movement, seeding, and
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Maxwell, Christopher Luke. "The dispersal of the Hamilton Palace collection." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5197/.

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By the penultimate decade of the nineteenth century, the Dukes of Hamilton, premier peers of Scotland, had amassed a superb collection of fine and decorative art. This outstanding collection was dispersed in two series of sales in 1882 and 1919, and the family’s principal seat, Hamilton Palace, ten miles south of Glasgow, was demolished in the 1920s and ′30s. Many of the most significant items are now in the great museums, galleries and libraries of the world or in important private collections. This study will begin by identifying the causes of the 12th Duke of Hamilton’s financial difficulti
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Jones, Mary Beatrix. "Likelihood inference for parametric models of dispersal /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8934.

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