Academic literature on the topic 'Disproportionate function'

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Journal articles on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Fascetti, Alessandro, Sashi K. Kunnath, and Nicola Nisticò. "Disproportionate Collapse Simulations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 847 (July 2016): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.847.87.

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In recent years the ability to simulate and predict disproportionate collapse has seen growing interest among the scientific community. This is a challenging matter, since many authors have been dealing with the modeling of progressive collapse, and it is now well-established that such problem requires the use of many different non-standard modeling techniques together with extensive calibration. Despite the many papers in the literature, there is still a lack of methodologies tailored for the quantification of the structural robustness and its acceptable level, which clearly depends on the im
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KREMEN, WILLIAM S., LARRY J. SEIDMAN, STEPHEN V. FARAONE, and MING T. TSUANG. "Is there disproportionate impairment in semantic or phonemic fluency in schizophrenia?" Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, no. 1 (2003): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703910095.

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Phonemic and semantic fluency involve the capacity to generate words beginning with particular letters or belonging to particular categories, respectively. The former has been associated with frontal lobe function and the latter with temporoparietal function, but neuroimaging studies indicate overlap of underlying neural networks. Schizophrenia patients may experience disproportionate semantic fluency impairment owing to abnormal semantic organization; however, executive dysfunction in schizophrenia suggests possible disproportionate phonemic fluency impairment. Moreover, little is known about
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Johnson, Marcia K., and Allison M. Hermann. "Semantic relations and Alzheimer's disease: An early and disproportionate deficit in functional knowledge." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1, no. 6 (1995): 568–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617700000709.

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AbstractThis experiment explored knowledge of four types of semantic relations (superordinate category, part, property, and function) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects and age- and education-matched controls. Moderate AD subjects showed the greatest disruption on functional relations, intermediate disruption on part and property relations, and the least disruption on category relations; mild AD subjects showed a similar pattern but significant deficits only on functions. We suggest that the disproportionate deficit on functions reflects a greater cognitive complexity of functions than other
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Mantilla, Carlos B., and Gary C. Sieck. "Neuromotor control in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 114, no. 9 (2013): 1246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01212.2012.

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Neuromotor control of skeletal muscles, including respiratory muscles, is ultimately dependent on the structure and function of the motor units (motoneurons and the muscle fibers they innervate) comprising the muscle. In most muscles, considerable diversity of contractile and fatigue properties exists across motor units, allowing a range of motor behaviors. In diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there may be disproportional primary (disease related) or secondary effects (related to treatment or other concomitant factors) on the size and contractility of specific musc
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Ludwig-Peisker, Odette, Emily Ansel, Daniela Schweizer, Vidhya Jagannathan, Robert Loechel, and Tosso Leeb. "PCYT1A Missense Variant in Vizslas with Disproportionate Dwarfism." Genes 13, no. 12 (2022): 2354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13122354.

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Disproportionate dwarfism phenotypes represent a heterogeneous subset of skeletal dysplasias and have been described in many species including humans and dogs. In this study, we investigated Vizsla dogs that were affected by disproportionate dwarfism that we propose to designate as skeletal dysplasia 3 (SD3). The most striking skeletal changes comprised a marked shortening and deformation of the humerus and femur. An extended pedigree with six affected dogs suggested autosomal recessive inheritance. Combined linkage and homozygosity mapping localized a potential genetic defect to a ~4 Mb inter
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Rudd Garces, Gabriela, Maria Elena Turba, Myriam Muracchini, et al. "PRKG2 Splice Site Variant in Dogo Argentino Dogs with Disproportionate Dwarfism." Genes 12, no. 10 (2021): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12101489.

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Dwarfism phenotypes occur in many species and may be caused by genetic or environmental factors. In this study, we investigated a family of nine Dogo Argentino dogs, in which two dogs were affected by disproportionate dwarfism. Radiographs of an affected dog revealed a decreased level of endochondral ossification in its growth plates, and a premature closure of the distal ulnar physes. The pedigree of the dogs presented evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance; combined linkage and homozygosity mapping assigned the most likely position of a potential genetic defect to 34 genome se
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Lee, Eun Sang, Myung Ho Jeong, Jeong Gwan Cho, Jong Chun Park, and Jung Chaee Kang. "Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Doppler Echocardiogram in Hypertensives with Disproportionate Septal Thickening." Korean Circulation Journal 21, no. 1 (1991): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4070/kcj.1991.21.1.53.

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Bowles, Ann E., Dawn M. Grebner, Whitney B. Musser, Juliette S. Nash, and Jessica L. Crance. "Disproportionate emission of bubble streams with killer whale biphonic calls: Perspectives on production and function." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 137, no. 2 (2015): EL165—EL170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4905882.

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Moore, John C., Peter C. DeRuiter, and H. William Hunt. "Soil invertebrate/micro-invertebrate interactions: disproportionate effects of species on food web structure and function." Veterinary Parasitology 48, no. 1-4 (1993): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(93)90160-o.

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Chen, Edith, Gene H. Brody, Tianyi Yu, Lauren C. Hoffer, Aubrey Russak-Pribble, and Gregory E. Miller. "Disproportionate School Punishment and Significant Life Outcomes: A Prospective Analysis of Black Youths." Psychological Science 32, no. 9 (2021): 1375–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797621998308.

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This study tested relationships between racial inequalities in the school system—specifically, the disproportionate punishment of Black students—and life outcomes for Black youths, along with moderating psychological factors. In an 18-year longitudinal study of 261 Black youths (ages 11–29), we investigated whether adult life outcomes varied as a function of adolescent self-control and academic achievement. We tested whether relationships were moderated by the racial climates of the high schools that youths attended, using administrative data on relative punishment rates of Black and White stu
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Bezushko, V. P. "Recognition system of flat convex figures by using disproportionate function." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/65234.

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With the development of technologies and optimization of technological processes, it was necessary to perform and making decisions without human intervention. Processes that are associated with unilateral routine work or poses a risk to the humans it is rational to replace by machines. The construction of these machines is the first step towards the construction of different recognition systems.
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Пономаренко, Р. А. "Оперативне розпізнавання поточних параметрів системи амортизації приладного відсіку". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64290.

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Кореляційні методи і метод найменших квадратів не можуть бути використані, бо для їхньої реалізації потрібні спостереження на певному інтервалі часу, а в постановці задачі вимагається оперативний контроль по даним, які отримані в поточний момент t . Для цього випадку підходить лише метод, який базується на використанні функцій непропорційності. Конкретно пропонується функція непропорційності по похідній першого порядку для числових функцій, які задані параметрично.
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Books on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Stogicza, Agnes, Bartha Peter Tohotom, Edit Racz, Andrea Trescot, and Alan Berkman. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome of the Upper and Lower Extremity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190271787.003.0011.

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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic debilitating pain condition of the extremities; it can affect, less commonly, other areas of the body (face, pelvis, abdomen). Its early presentation—pain disproportionate to the injury, skin temperature changes, hyperalgesia, allodynia—is often not recognized, delaying treatment. In later phases, with sympathetic nervous system involvement, it presents with skin and muscle atrophy, hair loss, allodynia, loss of function, and decreased range of motion. In severe cases, it can spread from one area to the other. Imaging findings (X-ray, MRI, bon
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Leck, Ralph M. Sexual Degeneration and Bourgeois Culture. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040009.003.0005.

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This chapter argues that degeneration was the dominant interpolative code of the late-nineteenth-century sexual science movement. As a regulative concept of sexual variance and a master trope, it epitomized psychopathia sexualis. However, it is crucial to note that degeneration as a scientific and cultural code did not possess a singular civic meaning. The political meaning of degeneration depended upon the object defined as degenerative. The chapter analyzes sexologist Edward Reich's denunciation of bourgeois-capitalist culture as degenerative. Reich's sexual scholarship demonstrates the poli
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Gup, Benton E. The Future of Banking. Praeger, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400655234.

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The basic functions of banking—lending, deposit taking, and making payments—are constant. What changes are the forms banking takes in response to increases in competition, globalizaion, new laws, and emerging technologies. Among the most visible of these changes will be an increase in the consolidation and globalization of banking in the world's major trading countries. Now, prestigious academics and practitioners, including regulators from around the world, join Benton E. Gup in exploring these coming changes—and by doing so, define a global perspective on banking's future. They find that the
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Virdi, Sundeep, and Robert L. Trestman. Personality disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0036.

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Personality disorders are highly prevalent and highly problematic in jails in prisons. Personality disorders, by definition, are associated with significant functional impairment of the affected individual and may negatively impact those around them. That impairment results from the way these individuals think and feel about themselves and others. Patients with personality disorder are often challenging to manage in the community. The difficulties associated with their care are accentuated in the confines and highly structured environments presented by jails and prisons. Inmates with personali
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Marin, Mara. Connected by Commitment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498627.001.0001.

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Connected by Commitment examines our obligations to transform structures of oppression and argues that they should be understood on the model of “commitments.” Commitments are relationships of obligation developed over time through the accumulated effect of open-ended actions and responses. The book examines three spheres of social relations (legal relations, intimate relations of care, and work relations) and argues that in each of them oppressive relations are maintained by processes that make a mutual vulnerability invisible and in so doing are able to place it disproportionately on disadva
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Book chapters on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Gietzen, D. W., Q. R. Rogers, and P. M. B. Leung. "Disproportionate Amino Acid Diets and Anorexic Responses in Rats: The Role(s) of Limbic Brain Areas and Noradrenergic and Serotoninergic Systems." In Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73175-4_13.

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Hallinan, Dara. "Biobank Oversight and Sanctions Under the General Data Protection Regulation." In GDPR and Biobanking. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49388-2_8.

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AbstractThis contribution offers an insight into the function and problems of the oversight and sanctions mechanisms outlined in the General Data Protection Regulation as they relate to the biobanking context. These mechanisms might be considered as meta-mechanisms—mechanisms relating to, but not consisting of, substantive legal principles—functioning in tandem to ensure biobank compliance with data protection principles. Each of the mechanisms outlines, on paper at least, comprehensive and impressive compliance architecture—both expanding on their capacity in relation to Directive 95/46. Acco
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Joshi, Deepa, Sadika Haque, Kamrun Nahar, Shahinur Tania, Jasber Singh, and Tina Wallace. "Public Lives, Private Water: Female Ready-Made Garment Factory Workers in Peri-Urban Bangladesh." In Water Security, Conflict and Cooperation in Peri-Urban South Asia. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79035-6_4.

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AbstractIn Dhaka city and its fringe peri-urban sprawls water for domestic use is an increasingly contested commodity. The location of our research, Gazipur district, bordering the growing city of Dhaka, is the heartland of Bangladesh’s Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry, which has spread unplanned in former wetlands and agrarian belts. However, unlike Dhaka, the almost fully industrialized peri-urban areas bordering the city, like many other such areas globally, function in an institutional vacuum. There are no formal institutional arrangements for water supply or sanitation. In the absence o
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Augustine, David J., Jennifer E. Smith, Ana D. Davidson, and Paul Stapp. "Burrowing Rodents." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_15.

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AbstractBurrowing rodents have unusually disproportionate effects on rangeland ecosystems because they (1) engineer their environment through burrow construction and modification of vegetation structure, (2) influence ecosystem processes including aboveground plant production, nutrient cycling rates, and water infiltration patterns, (3) alter plant community composition, and (4) provide a prey base for a diverse array of predators. In some cases, engineering effects create habitat for certain faunal species that inhabit burrows or colonies of these rodents. We review the ecology and management
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Maestas, Jeremy D., Joseph M. Wheaton, Nicolaas Bouwes, Sherman R. Swanson, and Melissa Dickard. "Water Is Life: Importance and Management of Riparian Areas for Rangeland Wildlife." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_7.

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AbstractWater scarcity and climatic variability shape human settlement patterns and wildlife distribution and abundance on arid and semi-arid rangelands. Riparian areas–the transition between water and land–are rare but disproportionately important habitats covering just a fraction of the land surface (commonly < 2% in the western U.S.). Riparian areas provide critical habitat for fish and other aquatic species, while also supporting the vast majority (70–80%) of terrestrial wildlife during some portion of their life cycle. Diverse riparian types serve as vital sources of water and late sum
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Fransoni, Alessio. "Design and Self-reproduction: A Theoretical-Political Perspective." In Springer Series in Design and Innovation. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49811-4_12.

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AbstractArt, in the strictest sense, and industrial design, are associated with many other phenomena, activities, and objects in lists that constitute the field of visual studies. From this subsumption, the traditional hierarchical preeminence of pure or fine art over industrial design, and the corresponding disciplines that deal with them, seems to be reversed.As the means of recording and disseminating images of everyday life have further developed – and the visual domain of private and social spheres has been able to disproportionately expand its audiences – a self-reproductive function has
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De Paula Vieira, Andreia, and Raymond Anthony. "Reimagining Human Responsibility Towards Animals for Disaster Management in the Anthropocene." In The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63523-7_13.

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AbstractAnimals, like human beings, are prone to suffering harms, such as disease, injury and death, as a result of anthropogenic and natural disasters. Animals are disproportionately prone to risk and adversely affected by disasters, and thus require humane and respectful care when disasters strike, due to socially situated vulnerabilities based on how human communities assess and value their moral standing and function. The inability to integrate animals into disaster risk and management practices and processes can sometimes be associated with a lack of understanding about what animal ethics
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Sherry, David D. "Children and Burning Pain." In Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197640692.003.0012.

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Abstract Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in children presents with disproportionate pain accompanied by autonomic changes. It is more common in the lower extremity. It more often affects adolescent girls and may or may not follow trauma. Typically, there is increasing pain with allodynia and marked functional dysfunction. Medications often do not help. Treatment is focused on regaining function and desensitization with physical and occupational therapy along with cognitive-behavioral therapy to help develop coping techniques and address stresses in the child’s life. The outcome is excell
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Evers, Stefan, Michael Barenbrock, and Ingo W. Husstedt. "Arterial distensibility in ergotamine and sumatriptan abuse." In The Triptans: Novel Drugs for Migraine. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192632142.003.0024.

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Abstract Arterial compliance plays an important role in cardioand cerebrovascular haemodynamics by damping down the Fluctuation in arterial pressure and blood low generated by the intermittent cardiac output. Stiffness of large arteries impairs the buffering function of the arterial system leading to a disproportionate increase in systolic pressure and increase in pulse pressure at any given value of mean arterial pressure. Furthermore, the impaired buffering function contributes to the afterload imposed on the heart leading to left ventricular hypertrophy.
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Aarabi, Bizhan, Charles A. Sansur, David M. Ibrahimi, Mathew Kole, and Harry Mushlin. "Central Cord Injury." In Spinal Neurosurgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190887773.003.0004.

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Acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) is an incomplete spinal cord injury, originally described by Schneider in the early 1950s. The syndrome presents with disproportionate weakness of the upper extremities distally compared to the lower extremities, variable sensory loss, and decline in sphincter function. Although not unusual in fracture dislocations, ATCCS is typically observed in older patients with a background of degenerative spinal stenosis and suffering from a hyperextension injury of the cervical spine without instability. Many such patients to some extent recover clinically,
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Conference papers on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Goktepe, Serdar, Joseph P. Ulerich, and Ellen Kuhl. "How to Treat the Loss of Beat: Modeling and Simulation of Ventricular Growth and Remodeling and Novel Post-Infarction Therapies." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193159.

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Heart disease is the primary cause of death in industrialized nations. In 2007 alone, an estimated 79 million adults in the U.S., one in three, had one or more types of cardiovascular disease, generating health care costs in excess of $430 billion. A leading cause of congestive heart failure is myocardial infarction. Within the first few hours after the infarct, a complex cascade of events is initiated in the myocardium manifesting itself clinically in disproportionate thinning and dilation of the infarct region accompanied by distortion in form and function of the entire heart, figure 1. As r
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Burkett, Michael A. "DMTrade: A Rolls-Royce Tool to Model the Impact of Design Changes and Maintenance Strategies on Lifetime Reliability and Maintenance Cost." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90023.

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For complex repairable products, the lifetime reliability and maintenance cost attributes are a complex function of the component reliability distributions and the selected maintenance strategy. Understanding and accommodating this complexity is key when some components exhibit wearout, others fail randomly, and still others exhibit infant mortality. Further complications arise when some failure modes are more costly to repair than others, thereby having a disproportionate impact on lifetime maintenance cost. To fully consider these complexities, Rolls-Royce has developed DMTrade, a Monte Carl
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Smith, Jordan, Robert Felmlee, Mary Crowe, and Davide Piovesan. "Sit to Stand Gait Trainer: Modulation of Lift Force via Elastic Network." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-73154.

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Abstract Falls in nursing homes and hospitals are common occurrences and a significant problem in the healthcare industry. A large number of accidents occur during sit to stand transitions. Not only patients with lower limb weakness are prone to injury after falls, but the healthcare workers are prone to musculoskeletal injuries when helping individuals transitioning from sitting to a standing position. Sit to stand devices are currently being used in hospitals, but the current models are expensive and do not allow patients to use any of their lower body strength in the process. We proposed th
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Callanan, James, Carles Garcia-Cabrera, Niamh Belton, Gennady Roshchupkin, and Kathleen Curran. "Integrating feature attribution methods into the loss function of deep learning classifiers." In 24th Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference. Irish Pattern Recognition and Classification Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56541/omxa8857.

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Feature attribution methods are typically used post-training to judge if a deep learning classifier is using meaningful concepts in an input image when making classifications. In this study, we propose using feature attribution methods to give a classifier automated feedback throughout the training process via a novel loss function. We call such a loss function, a heatmap loss function. Heatmap loss functions enable us to incentivize a model to rely on relevant sections of the input image when making classifications. Two groups of models were trained, one group with a heatmap loss function and
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Eisner, Alvin. "Foveal visual functions in older eyes with good acuity." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.wf1.

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Systematic differences of foveal sensitivity exist among people aged sixty and older who have good acuity and good ocular health in each eye. For example, absolute threshold to 660-nm tests increases with age. The rate of increase is ~0.1 log units per decade. Not surprisingly, blue cone threshold also Increases with age. However, the rate of increase of blue cone threshold appears to be greater for women than for men. Some visual functions do not change with age, at least when change is defined cross sectionally. For example, the rate of threshold recovery following a bleach does not change w
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Elias, Larissa, and Maria Luisa Garrido. "The conception of “fashion-sculpture” in Rei Kawakubo’s costumes for the choreography “Scenario”(1997)." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.118.

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“The Rei Kawakubo's fashion-sculpture” is an ongoing Master's project, developed at the Postgraduate Program in Visual Design at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The research is centered on the study of the costumes (and its relationship with movements and spatiality) created by the japanese fashion designer Rei Kawakubo for the dance performance “Scenario” (1997), by the american dancer and choreographer Merce Cunningham (1919-2009). The costumes were adapted from the spring-summer Collection “Body meets dress, dress meets body”, designed by Rei and launched by her brand Comme des Ga
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Shpagina, L. A., E. B. Logashenko, and E. V. Anikina. "LUNG FUNCTION IN SUBJECTS WITH OCCUPATIONAL CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE EXPOSED TO INDUSTRIAL AEROSOLS CONTAINING NANOPARTICLES." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-588-592.

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Abstract: Despite decrease in industrial aerosol impact on workers’ health there are disproportionately high prevalence of occupational lung diseases. So, it is of interest to investigate the role of nanoparticles. Objective was to establish lung function features in subjects with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exposed to aerosols containing nanoparticles. Methods. It was a cross-sectional observational study. Subjects with occupational COPD (GOLD 2011-2021 criteria) exposed to aerosols containing metal (n=26) or silica nanoparticles (n=24) enrolled. Comparison group
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Rudenko, Valentina. "Anti-Corruption Policy, the Constitution, and Human Rights in Poland." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-23.

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The aim of the article is to investigate the relationship between the anti-corruption policy and the implementation of human rights in Poland. The following basic legal and political science research methods were used: axiological- normative, systematic, historical, comparative, institutional, structural-functional, formal-juridical methods. The article analyses the socio-political environment in which an anti-corruption policy in Poland was formed and the strategies for its implementation. Significant institutional changes of the system of anti-corruption agencies and legal regulation of anti
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Fertig, Jan, and Subha Kumpaty. "STEMpathy Study on Persistence in Mechanical Engineering." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23679.

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Abstract Despite widespread targeted efforts at the pre-college level to recruit greater numbers of females and minorities for careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), fewer than 9% of today’s mechanical engineers are female and underrepresented minorities remain under 10%. There is a disproportionately high attrition rate of females and minorities from engineering programs and professions. Female and underrepresented minority mechanical engineering students are discouraged by factors involving: 1) Wider cultural norms and biases (societally pervasive ideas and often
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Fırat, Emine, and Hakan Seldüz. "The Role of Financial Reporting in Occurrence of Financial Crises: Are The Regulations Generated by International Financial Reporting Standards Suffic." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00882.

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Financial liberalization politics are utilized to cope with the economic dimension of globalization. They had important roles in occurrence and outspread of financial crises; and economic crises were triggered by the spread of financial crises to real economy. Because of financial liberalization; financial sector grew disproportionately developing faster than real economy. As the financial tools and methods got diversified, the sanction power of national regulations weakened due to the global dimension and a functional auditing mechanism could not be established. This enabled creative accounti
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Reports on the topic "Disproportionate function"

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Gallien, Max, Christopher Hoy, Hitomi Komatsu, Ceren Ozer, Michael Rogan, and Vanessa van den Boogaard. Simplified Taxation in Africa: What We Know – and Need to Know. Institute of Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2025.012.

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Most economic operators in Africa are small and informal firms that fall under the purview of presumptive or simplified tax regimes (STRs). These taxes are expected to fulfil a range of functions, from raising revenue to facilitating formalisation and improving revenue authorities' data, and yet their effectiveness and impact are surprisingly under-researched. Meanwhile, emerging evidence suggests that STRs often raise little revenue, disproportionately impact low-income earners, and are inconsistently applied. This policy brief summarises what we know about simplified taxes in Africa, who pay
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Virtucio, Michael, Barbaros Cetiner, Bingyu Zhao, Kenichi Soga, and Erturgul Taciroglu. A Granular Framework for Modeling the Capacity Loss and Recovery of Regional Transportation Networks under Seismic Hazards: A Case Study on the Port of Los Angeles. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/hxhg3206.

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Earthquakes, being both unpredictable and potentially destructive, pose great risks to critical infrastructure systems like transportation. It becomes crucial, therefore, to have both a fine-grained and holistic understanding of how the current state of a transportation system would fare during hypothetical hazard scenarios. This paper introduces a synthesis approach to assessing the impacts of earthquakes by coupling an image-based structure-and-site-specific bridge fragility generation methodology with regional-scale traffic simulations and economic loss prediction models. The proposed appro
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Bolton, Laura. The Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Colombia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.073.

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Available data provide a picture for the macro-economy of Colombia, agriculture, and infrastructure. Recent data on trends on public procurement were difficult to find within the scope of this rapid review. In 2020, macro-level employment figures show a large drop between February and April when COVID-19 lockdown measures were first introduced, followed by a gradual upward trend. In December 2020, the employment rate was 4.09 percentage points lower than the employment rate in December 2019. Macro-level figures from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) show that a higher
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Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.

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While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and dow
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.

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Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded h
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