Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disruption theory

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Disruption theory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Denning, Stephen. "Christensen updates disruption theory." Strategy & Leadership 44, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sl-01-2016-0005.

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Purpose – Recently, observers of the battle between incumbents and challengers have turned the field of disruptive innovation theory into contested territory. What strategies work for defenders and attackers? Design/methodology/approach – For an update the author asked the opinion of the world’s foremost authority, Harvard professor Clayton Christensen. Findings – According to Christensen, “We discovered that there are three types of innovations, only two of which we had caught in the [original] theory of disruption. Practical implications – The only permanent way out of the innovator’s dilemma is to change the game being played and adopt a new corporate focus in which innovation is a necessity, not an option. Originality/value – The article updates and broadens disruption theory. Disruption, as Christensen defines it, is a theory of competitive response.
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Kharlov, L. "Modelling the Disruptive Innovations." Review of Business and Economics Studies 8, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2308-944x-2020-8-2-29-33.

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Horse carriages, film cameras, and traditional encyclopedia were dethroned by the once bizarre cars, digital cameras, and online resources, respectively. Although such major shifts were happening for at least one hundred years by now, the Theory of disruptive innovations was designed only in the late nineties by a prominent academic and business consultant Clayton Christensen. So, the main questions of my paper are how do disruptive innovations proceed and what are the factors causing the disruption? The existing literature provides a substantial critique of Christensen’s theory and taken this into account. I propose that the disruptions usually succeed due to the random factors or the ones not directly connected to disruption Theory and unfold favourably for incumbents irrespectively of their strategical choices.
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Jan van der Veen, Egbert, Dimitrios A. Giannoulas, Marco Guglielmi, Thijs Uunk, and Daniel Schubert. "Disruptive Space Technologies." International Journal of Space Technology Management and Innovation 2, no. 2 (July 2012): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijstmi.2012070102.

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The theory of Disruptive Technologies explains the evolution of technologies that disturb the status quo of both dominant technology platforms and competitive market layouts. In this paper, the theory of Disruptive Technologies for the space sector is explored. This exploration is required because the Disruptive Technology theory is currently based upon the innovation dynamics of mass consumer markets, which are significantly different from the dynamics of the low volume, highly governmentally influenced space sector. The objective is to clarify the dynamics of innovation in space (with particular respect to technological disruptions) in order to help decision makers in their effort to support innovation in the development of space technologies. This is done by analyzing the dynamics of the space sector and the theory of Disruptive Technologies in respect to its applicability to the space sector. The result of these analyses leads to the creation of a theory that is tailored to the specific innovation dynamics of the space sector. The theory is termed Disruptive Space Technologies. Key element of this theory is the fact that Disruptive Technologies in the space sector focus mainly on technology disruption rather than market disruption.
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Terry, Oroszi. "Disruption Innovation and Theory." Journal of Service Science and Management 13, no. 03 (2020): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2020.133030.

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Praun, Alina, Anna Cunningham, and Martina Pieperhoff. "Disruption, Disruptors and Disruptiveness of Scholarly Communication: An Actor-Network Theory Approach." European Conference on Knowledge Management 23, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 1452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/eckm.23.2.532.

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The rise of Open Access, the increasing pace of scientific work, the serial crisis and the need for interdisciplinary research are just some examples of the current disruptions of traditional scholarly communication. As publishing is a significant practice for distributing scientific knowledge and therefor for academic knowledge management, an understanding of the current disruptions in the field is necessary for the future development and maintenance of the system. The paper presents a conceptualization of disruptions drawing from Latour’s Actor-Network-Theory with reference to current understandings of disruption. The aim of the research is the identification and mapping of current disruptions, their disruptors and the disruptiveness in scholarly communication in the field of economic and social sciences by analyzing scientific editorials. Therefore, a short overview about previous analyses of scientific editorials is presented. For the sampling of editorials, a systematic literature search was conducted using Web of Science, followed by an application and comparison of Text Mining operations using R. Afterwards an in-depth investigation of the disruptors as source of disruption and disruptiveness as potential of disruption will be following using qualitative content analysis. The insights of this research will be helpful for anticipating and overcoming the current disruptions as well as for identifying and dealing with future disruptions in the field.
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Zavala, Araceli, David Nowicki, and Jose Emmanuel Ramirez-Marquez. "Quantitative metrics to analyze supply chain resilience and associated costs." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 233, no. 2 (April 12, 2018): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x18766738.

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The growth of global supply chains has allowed trading partners to experience synergistic, economic expansion and increase their competitive success. At the same time, reliance on global supply chains exposes its trading partners to unforeseen disruptions. While the economic benefits are tremendous, they are not without risk as global supply chains are by their very nature susceptible to a wide array of disruptions. Methods that mitigate the effect of disruption directly contribute to the competitive success of global supply chain networks. One approach for mitigating the effects of disruption is to increase resilience. Thus, this research focuses on understanding supply chain vulnerability and how to return the supply chain to its desirable performance level after a disruptive event by reconfiguring the supply chain network. This article frames this foundational work in the context of systems theory to add to the body of resilience research by providing a time-dependent definition of supply chain resilience. This article then provides a mathematical model, based on inventory theory that operationalizes that definition. The model is presented in the context of a multi-echelon, post-production support network of a sustainment-dominated system such as those found in the aerospace, defense, utilities, and construction industries. The model demonstrates the post-disruption resilience at each supply chain network node along with the investment necessary to restore the network.
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Schmitz, Christian, Maximilian Friess, Sascha Alavi, and Johannes Habel. "Understanding the Impact of Relationship Disruptions." Journal of Marketing 84, no. 1 (October 28, 2019): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022242919882630.

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Personal relationships between salespeople and customers are essential for the success of business-to-business relationships, and research has shown that a change of the salesperson can severely harm financial performance. However, such interpersonal relationship disruptions may also have positive effects by encouraging vitalizing reexplorations of the relationship. Using multilevel loyalty theory and relationship life cycle theory, the authors offer a comprehensive conceptualization of potentially countervailing consequences of relationship disruptions. In particular, disruptions may have different effects on resale revenue (from previously sold products) versus new sale revenue (from newly sold products), contingent on both the history and expected future development of the relationship. Therefore, this study examines moderators on the firm-level relationship prior to disruption and salesperson relationship management afterward. Longitudinal data from 2,040 customers of an international business-to-business firm reveal that a disruption can increase overall performance by more than 29%, depending on the firm-level relationship before disruption and the new salesperson’s relationship management. Managers can use these findings proactively to evaluate and manage the risks and opportunities involved in relationship disruptions.
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Phillips, Anne. "Political Theory as Risk and Disruption." Raisons politiques N° 84, no. 4 (January 20, 2022): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rai.084.0133.

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Goodwin, Simon P. "The theory of young cluster disruption." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S270 (May 2010): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311000512.

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AbstractMost stars seem to form in clusters, but the vast majority of these clusters do not seem to survive much beyond their embedded phase. The most favoured mechanism for the early destruction of star clusters is the effect of the removal of residual gas by feedback which dramatically changes the cluster potential. The effects of feedback depend on the ratio of the masses of stars and gas, and the velocity dispersion of the stars at the onset of gas removal. As gas removal is delayed by a few Myr from star formation these crucial parameters can change significantly from their initial values. In particular, in dynamically cool and clumpy clusters, the stars will collapse to a far denser state and if they decouple from the gas then gas removal may be far less destructive than previously thought. This might well help explain the survival of very massive clusters, such as globular clusters, without the need for extremely high star formation efficiencies or initial masses far greater than their current masses.
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Oliveira, Marcos Paulo Valadares de, and Robert Handfield. "An enactment theory model of supplier financial disruption risk mitigation." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 22, no. 5 (August 14, 2017): 442–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-03-2017-0121.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine supplier financial risk through the lens of Enactment Theory, to explore the role of transparency and communication on buyers’ perceptions of supplier default risk. The authors develop a theoretical model proposing that buyer communication with suppliers leads to preemptive actions that may prevent supplier financial default and fewer supply disruptions. The results suggest that reducing equivocality in buyers through communication with suppliers leads to understanding of financial factors not captured through third-party financial indicators, leading to proactive risk mitigation activities that prevent disruptions during recessionary economic cycles. This research proposes that transparency and communication reduces equivocality in buyers, spurring them to take contractual actions that reduces, financial default in key suppliers, which leads to fewer supply disruptions. Design/methodology/approach Survey data collected from 175 firms in the North America and Brazil during a period of the global recession is used to test the impact of communication with suppliers on supply chain disruptions in periods of economic crisis. This relationship is mediated by proactive contract renegotiation and supplier financial health, supporting a model grounded in Enactment Theory. Findings Results show that buyers who regularly assess and develop an understanding of their key suppliers’ financial conditions are more likely to re-negotiate contracts that revise payment terms, leading to improved supplier working capital and fewer supply chain disruptions. Research limitations/implications Validation of industry-specific financial ratios and figures could provide a richer set of insights and some quantitative measures for establishing baseline on what levels of financial ratios actually result in disruptions. However, future research should consider using a cross-sectional sample and, in addition, a qualitative approach to capture risk from a greater variety of industries and supply chain dynamics. Originality/value The notion of effective communication flows as a means for reduction of supplier disruption risk is aligned with Enactment Theory views that emphasize the benefits of risk reduction. Equivocality is reduced in buyers through information exchange and formal assessments in complex environments. This research suggests that while such communication does not have a direct effect on supply disruption risk, it is mediated through proactive buyer actions to improve supplier financial health and contract re-negotiation mechanisms that may preempt financial distress. These are important lessons learned that provide guidelines for supply chain executives in future economic recessions that may occur in the coming years.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Adcock, Christina Annie Lee. "The emotional effects of disruption." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1116.

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Disruption is something that we must negotiate as part of our everyday lives. The context of disruption can vary in nature from being positive to being negative in nature. However, the emotional effects of the disruption have not been investigated in the social psychological literature. This study utilizes structuralized ritualization affect theory of social exchange, attribution theory, and the theory of relational cohesion in order to investigate the effects of disruption on the overall positive emotion of the actors involved and their feelings of cohesiveness with regard to their group.
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Boland, Brodie James. "Generative Disruption: The Subversive Effects of Collaboration." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1386265167.

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Pearson, Eloise. "A grounded theory of re-normalising after an abrupt life disruption." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485660.

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Background: Patients hospitalised as a result of either sudden illness or injury become needy individuals who, as a consequence of the reason for'their admission, have the potential to challenge the nursing team in relation to their care management. There is a need for nurses to understand the experience from the patient's perspective to enable effective delivery of relevant care management which will address the need~ of this patient group. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to (a) further '. elucidate the experiences of emergency surgical patients and (b) fonnulate ~- a systematic logical and explanatory theory of how these patients dealt with the consequences of the abrupt incident. Methods: This study utilised Glaserian principles and techniques to elicit and analyse data from 30 emergency surgical patients. Results: The theory of re-normalising after an abrupt life disruption illuminates a three-phase process. Immediately following the critical juncture of disruption to their established lifestyle, the patients are in an initial phase whereby they experience the effects of disruption in tenns of experiencing loss, distress and personal powerlessness. Having progressed through this distressing phase, they begin to reji-ame their expectation oftheir future by a process of reflection, recognition and rationalising the events and its consequences. This led into the final phase of defining the new normal for themselves by means of anticipating, visualising and adjusting which culminated in re-normalising. Conclusions: The theory allows discovery of a process which is not readily recognisable in the present trauma care management structure. Whilst paramount attention is required to address the physiological aspects of the trauma patient, the psychosocial aspects of care management need to be addressed to empower and enable the patient to effectively re-nonnalise.
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Chadist, Patrapa. "Factors underlying companies response to supply chain disruption : a grounded theory approach." Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1254/.

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A wide range of recent man-made and natural disasters has demonstrated the importance of managing disruption risk in global supply chains. This research argues that supply chain disruptions are, de facto, unavoidable and consequently all complex supply chains can be considered inherently risky. This research focuses on a relatively unexplored issue in supply chain risk management, asking and answering the question of how companies specifically use time to respond to catastrophic events of low probability but high impact. Linking faster response lead-time with reduced impact, the goal is to identify and explore the underlying factors of managing disruption risk by answering how companies respond to supply chain disruptions. In reducing total response time by detecting the event, designing solutions, and deploying a recovery plan sooner after a disruption, the company can reduce the impact of disruption risk. The research uses Grounded Theory methodology to extend an emerging framework on time-based supply chain risk management. Empirical data is used from a range of sources including interviews and corporate publications from the events faced by global pharmaceutical manufacturer during a pandemic in 2009. The emerging categories of possible factors in response time are further developed using data from the events surrounding the worst maritime oil spill in history in 2010 under the management responsibility of the Exploration and Production (Upstream) division of a global energy company and from an industrial accident in 2005 in the Refining and Marketing division of the same firm. The research identifies four categories of factors that companies can focus on to reduce response time in the face of catastrophic events of low probability and high impact: organisational structure, preparation, partnership and reserve. The research derives new insights, presented as four propositions that relate the response time in managing supply chain disruption to negative or potentially positive impact.
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Jansen, Marc Christiaan. "Contract design for collaborative response to service disruptions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/266247.

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This dissertation studies firms' strategic interactions in anticipation of random service disruption following technology failure. In particular it is aimed at understanding how contracting decisions between a vendor and one or multiple clients affect the firms' subsequent decisions to ensure disruption response and recovery are managed as efficiently as possible. This dissertation consists of three studies that were written as standalone papers seeking to contribute to the literature on contract design and technology management in operations management. Together, the three studies justify the importance of structuring the right incentives to mitigate disruption risks. In the first study we contribute to this literature by means of an analytical model which we use to examine how a client and vendor should balance investments in response capacity when both parties' efforts are critical in resolving disruption and each may have different risk preferences. We study the difference in the client's optimal expected utility between a case in which investment in response capacity is observable and a case in which it is not and refer to the difference in outcomes between the two cases as the cost of complexity. Firstly, we show that the cost of complexity to the client is decreasing in the risk aversion of vendor but increasing in her own risk aversion. Secondly, we find that a larger difference in risk aversion between a client and vendor leads to underinvestment in system uptime in case the client's investment is observable, yet the opposite happens when the client’s investment is not observable. In the second study we further examine the context of the first study through a controlled experiment. We examine how differences in risk aversion and access to information on a contracting partner’s risk preferences interact in affecting contracting and investment decisions between the client and vendor. Comparing subject decisions with the conditionally optimal benchmarks we arrive at two observations that highlight possible heuristic decision biases. Firstly, subjects tend to set and hold on to an inefficiently high investment level even though it is theoretically optimal to adjust decisions under changing differences in risk preferences. Secondly, subjects tend to set and hold on to a penalty that is too high when interacting with more risk averse vendors and too low in case the vendor is equally risk averse. Furthermore, cognitive feedback on the vendor’s risk aversion appears to have counterproductive effects on subject’s performance in the experiment, suggesting cognitive overload can have a reinforcing effect on the heuristic decision biases observed. In the third study we construct a new analytical model to examine the effect of contract design on a provider's response capacity allocation in a setting where multiple clients may be disrupted and available response capacity is limited. The results show that while clients may be incentivized to identify and report network disruptions, competition for scarce emergency resources and the required investment in understanding their own exposure may incentivize clients to deliberately miscommunicate with the vendor.
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alramadin, manal. "Strategies to Mitigate Negative Results of Supply Chain Disruption." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7909.

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Supply chains are considered the foundation of the global economy, and businesses with global supply chains usually encounter at least 1 disruption annually. Mitigating the negative impact of disruptions is critical to supply chain managers, as disruptions can negatively impact organizational profitability and performance. Grounded in the resource dependence theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies organizational and supply chain managers use to mitigate negative results from supply chain disruption. Participants were 4 supply chain managers working in 2 different international organizations located in Jordan, who used effective strategies to mitigate supply chain disruptions. Data collection involved semistructured interviews and a review of organizational documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and 2 main themes emerged: Developing relationships and collaboration and strategy to identify supply chain disruption. The implications for positive social change include the potential for organizational and supply chain managers to mitigate negative results of supply chain disruptions and improve organizational performance. Sustaining organizational performance promotes the well-being of employees, families, communities, and the economy, which can result in customer satisfaction, business growth, and stable employment.
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Murray, Kathleen. "To Wandiligong : a visual journey through memory, time, space, light, landscape and fourteen layers of glass." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2019. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/173375.

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This research project examines the process of conceptualisation and its effects on the development of layers of meaning in a visual context. It explores a journey over time, within an observed environment. It explores the conceptual processes which, like a physical journey, runs through many landscapes. Memory and emotion, analysis and observation, recording and interpretation and as a final destination, the practical application in the making of the pictures. This exegesis compares the differences between the theoretical stances artists have taken in the pursuit of creating work based on the depiction of the landscape. It considers a variety of approaches to image and meaning and determines the effect of disruption as it relates to art practice over centuries and to my own practice. Throughout the work there is an exploration of the different forms of disruption on the landscape, from colonisation through to the visual effects of a changing climate. Consideration is given to the similarities and differences between the practices of visual art and communication design particularly in relation to the role of the audience. The process of research and experimentation in the making of 16 digitally augmented inkjet print, photographic images and an accompanying story map drawing of the journey is described. This involved the investigation of the conceptual development processes and approaches in relation to landscape imagery and the effect of a changing climate on their visual outcomes. The results of my experimentation in capturing images through drawing and photography using graphite pencils and paper and a camera, in a car moving through the landscape, are described. This is followed by a description of my experimentation of the use of a disruptive digital drawing application on photographic images located within an iPad and how the resulting images were conceptualised and created.
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Kahle, Lauren M. "Testing the impact of post-traumatic stress on existential motivation for ideological close- and open-mindedness." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1494702077677688.

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Clad, François. "Disruption-free routing convergence : computing minimal link-state update sequences." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD012/document.

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Avec le développement des applications temps-réel sur Internet, telles que la télévision, la voix sur IP et les jeux en ligne, les fournisseurs d'accès à Internet doivent faire face à des contraintes de plus en plus fortes quant aux performances de leurs services. Cependant, après chaque changement topologique, les protocoles de routage à état des liens, utilisés dans les réseaux de cœur de ces opérateurs, entrent dans une période de convergence durant laquelle des boucles de routage peuvent apparaître. Ce phénomène dégrade les performances du réseau (latence, congestions, pertes de paquets) et peut durer plusieurs secondes. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons de nouvelles solutions permettant de prévenir ces perturbations dans le cas de reconfigurations sur un lien ou un routeur. Notre approche a pour particularité de ne reposer que sur les mécanismes de base des protocoles de routage à état des liens, et d’être ainsi déployable de manière incrémentale dans n’importe quel réseau. Intuitivement, il s’agit de contrôler implicitement l’ordre de mise à jour des routeurs, à travers une modification progressive du poids d’un sous-ensemble de liens. Par exemple, l’augmentation du poids d’un lien aura pour effet de forcer les routeurs les plus éloignés de ce composant à se mettre à jour avant les routeurs plus proches. En adaptant finement l’amplitude de tels changements, il est alors possible de répartir la mise à jour de routeurs potentiellement impliqués dans une boucle sur plusieurs étapes. Cette opération peut ensuite être répétée jusqu’à ce que le composant ne soit plus utilisé pour acheminer des données dans le réseau, permettant un retrait sans impact sur le routage
The use of real time media or mission critical applications over IP networks is making strong pressure on service providers to operate disruption free networks. However, after any topological change, link-state Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), such as IS-IS or OSPF, enter a convergence phase during which transient forwarding loops may occur. Such loops increase the network latency and cause packet losses for several seconds. In this thesis, we propose and evaluate innovative solutions to prevent these perturbations in case a planned modification on a link or a router. Our approach only relies on core functionalities of link-state routing protocols, thus being incrementally deployable in any network. Intuitively, it consists in implicitly controlling the routers update order through successive IGP weight reconfigurations on a subset of links. For example, progressively increasing the weight of a link forces farthest routers to update their routes first, before closest ones. Hence, finely tuning such changes may allow to spread the update of routers potentially implied in a loop across multiple steps. This operation can be repeated until the component to be removed is no longer used to forward traffic in the network, thus allowing its removal with no impact on the routing decisions
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Bergendal, Taghrid Sara. "P.S. I love you...and other growth hacking strategies used by disruptive tech start-ups : A case study on the relevance and enactment of growth hacking by Sweden's tech start-ups." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325969.

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Disruption innovation theory has been the zeitgeist for building globally disruptive tech companies since 1997. One decade later, disruptive tech start-ups are moving away from traditional marketing strategies in favour of growth hacking. There is a seemingly growing consensus by online tech experts, tech entrepreneurs, advisors and investors, that suggests that growth hacking is becoming increasingly important practice for disruption based tech start-ups. Furthermore, Sweden is becoming the Silicon Valley of the Nordics, producing more unicorns per capita than any other country in the world. This case study research is an investigation of the relevance and enactment of growth hacking by disruptive tech start-ups in Sweden. The main objective is to determine whether growth hacking is actually being used and how it is enacted by the start-ups. The goal is to explore how relevant this new term is, if it as popular as suggested in online literature and if so which growth hacks are being used. The study is conducted by carrying out a qualitative case study on five tech start-ups in Sweden: Fidesmo, a smart-chip payment system based on NFC technology that can be implanted into everyday objects such as watches, bracelets and cards, and that allows users to update and add new digital services as well as open doors or pay with a simple tap; TaskRunner, a geo-location based ‘help on demand’ platform that allows people to post ads for help with tasks while nearby task runners can bid to be hired to complete those tasks; Beleco, a unique marketplace for furniture rentals with a modern white-glove approach, that allows people to change or rent, rent-to-own or buy their furniture with the utmost ease; &frankly, a continuous tracking application software that helps create happier and productive workspaces by triggering and measuring engagement and surveys between employees and employers in a non-hierarchical manner; and Wunderino; a Malta-based online casino platform started by Swedish entrepreneurs with the goal of taking the traditional pressures associated with gambling away and replacing it with an element of fun and gaming. Empirical data collection consisted of the interviews and observational study of their innovation on their platform or website. The results were interpreted and contextualized within the disruption innovation theory framework. The results of the study reveal that growth hacking is relevant to disruptive tech start-ups, and is becoming increasingly important to them as their companies develop. Additionally the study reveals that growth hacking occurs organically within these start-up structures, already integrated into their marketing and strategy, without a separate or official definition of the practices. Additionally, growth hacking may have initially been seen as lower cost approach to marketing, however the research reveals that it is not lower cost if there isn’t someone who is highly technical on the founding team. Finally, the results reveal that growth hacking is not fully operationalized or defined as growth hacking to the extent of its popularity online and in popular texts, however it does lay on the horizon as a goal for tech start-ups.
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Books on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Comstock, Cathy. Disruption and delight in the nineteenth-century novel. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Research Press, 1988.

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Potter, David. Disruption. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518823.001.0001.

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Disruption is about radical change—why it happens and how. Drawing on case studies ranging from the fourth century AD through the twentieth century, we look at how long-established systems of government and thought are challenged, how new institutions are created, and new ideas become powerful. While paying attention to the underlying political, intellectual, economic, and environmental sources of social disruption, we will see that no matter what similarities there might be between forces that shake different societies, these underlying factors do not dictate specific outcomes. The human actors are ultimately the most important; their decisions drive the conclusions that we see over time. Through our case studies, we can explore successful and unsuccessful decision making, and the emergence of the ideas that conditioned human actions. We’ll explore the development of Islam and of Christian doctrine, of constitutional thought, of socialism, and social Darwinism. We’ll look at how these ideas, all of them emerging on the fringes of society, became central. We’ll also have our eyes set on whether the sorts of disruptive forces we’ve seen in the past are present at this time. We’ll look at the issues confronting the liberal democracies that have been the dominant political/economic forces on our planet in the last half century and see how they have come under stress in the last few decades. And we will look at the possibility that we’re facing a new period of disruption and at what we can learn from the past about how change can be constructive rather than destructive.
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Fryberg, Stephanie, Rebecca Covarrubias, and Jacob A. Burack. The Ongoing Psychological Colonization of North American Indigenous People: Using Social Psychological Theories to Promote Social Justice. Edited by Phillip L. Hammack. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199938735.013.35.

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Colonizing events of the past and present continue to disrupt and change the cultural practices, histories, families, and languages of North American Indigenous peoples. As a result, Indigenous people experience a cultural disconnect between the past and the future, what we refer to as a disruption of traditional cultural cycles, in ways that foster psychological risks. In this chapter, we first discuss how the ongoing colonization of Indigenous people in contemporary society, with specific examples from the media and education, undermines psychological well-being. Second, we offer a theory of culture change as a “promotion” approach to target and mend the cultural disruptions brought on by colonizing practices and thereby to improve well-being. Finally, we offer research-based action items for social psychologists and for society more generally to alleviate the ongoing colonization of Indigenous people.
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Zeeman, Nicolette. The Arts of Disruption. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860242.001.0001.

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The Arts of Disruption offers a series of new readings of the allegorical poem Piers Plowman: but it is also a book about allegory. It argues not just that there are distinctively disruptive ‘arts’ that occur in allegory, but that allegory, because it is interested in the difficulty of making meaning, is itself a disruptive art. The book approaches this topic via the study of five medieval allegorical narrative structures that exploit diegetic conflict and disruption. Although very different, they all bring together contrasting descriptions of spiritual process, in order to develop new understanding and excite moral or devotional change. These five structures are: the paradiastolic ‘hypocritical figure’ (such as vices masked by being made to look like ‘adjacent’ virtues), personification debate, violent language and gestures of apophasis, narratives of bodily decline, and grail romance. Each appears in a range of texts, which the book explores, along with other connected materials in medieval rhetoric, logic, grammar, spiritual thought, ethics, medicine, and romance iconography. These allegorical narrative structures appear radically transformed in Piers Plowman, where the poem makes further meaning out of the friction between them. Much of the allegorical work of the poem occurs at the points of their intersection, and within the conceptual gaps that open up between them. Ranging across a wide variety of medieval allegorical texts, the book shows from many perspectives allegory’s juxtaposition of the heterogeneous and its questioning of supposed continuities.
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Clark, Daniel J. Disruption in Detroit. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042010.001.0001.

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It is conventional wisdom that because of lucrative contracts negotiated by the United Auto Workers (UAW) under Walter Reuther's leadership, most autoworkers in the U.S. enjoyed steady work, increasing wages, and improved benefits in the postwar boom following World War II. In short, autoworkers entered the middle class. In contrast, this book argues that for Detroit autoworkers there was no postwar boom. Instead, the years from 1945 to 1960 were dominated by job instability and economic insecurity. This argument is based largely on oral history interviews and research in local newspapers, which covered the auto industry extensively. Conditions were worse for African Americans and white women, but almost all autoworkers experienced precarious, often dire circumstances. Recessions, automation, decentralization, and the collapse of independent automakers in Detroit are part of the story, but materials shortages, steel, coal, and copper strikes, parts supplier strikes, wildcat strikes, overproduction (especially in 1955), hot weather, cold weather, plant explosions, age, race, and gender workplace discrimination, and the inability of autoworkers to afford new cars contributed to instability and insecurity. Hardly anyone in the 1950s—whether ordinary autoworkers, union leaders, auto company executives, business analysts, or local shopkeepers—thought that the decade was marked by steady work, improving wages, or anything resembling predictable income for autoworkers.
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Keitz, Sheri A., and David J. Birnbach. Disruptive Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199366149.003.0019.

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Misbehavior and disruption in the operating room are an all too common problem. Disruptive behaviors have been observed and experienced by all members of the operating room team, and these behaviors need to be addressed in a timely and appropriate fashion. Sometimes, hospital administrators and hospital leadership know about these problems but do not act, and thus they may be complicit in allowing these problems to continue. This chapter reviews the potential reasons for disruptive behavior among nurses and physicians and provides explanations for organizational reluctance to deal with disruptive behaviors, as well as recommendations to address these issues effectively.
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Ray, Saibal, Haresh Gurnani, and Anuj Mehrotra. Supply Chain Disruptions: Theory and Practice of Managing Risk. Springer London, Limited, 2011.

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Ray, Saibal, Haresh Gurnani, and Anuj Mehrotra. Supply Chain Disruptions: Theory and Practice of Managing Risk. Springer, 2014.

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Supply Chain Disruptions Theory And Practice Of Managing Risk. Springer, 2011.

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McKee, Kimberly D. Disrupting Kinship. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042287.001.0001.

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Interacting with Cold War ideology, individuals’ Christian Americanism supported the notion that Korean adoptees would enter “good homes” in a democratic society. Many children felt the brunt of this rhetoric as they were told adoption was in their “best interests” and that if not adoption, they would have fallen through the cracks of economic poverty and degradation in the land of their birth. In doing so, rhetorics of gratitude became cemented in international adoption discourse. This book exposes the growth of the transnational adoption industrial complex (TAIC)—the neo-colonial, multi-million dollar global industry that commodifies children’s bodies—in an examination of South Korean adoptions to the United States. The TAIC accounts for how the South Korean social welfare state, orphanages, adoption agencies, and American immigration legislation facilitated the development of transnational adoption between the two countries. Adoption became a rote process whereby government and non-governmental organizations and actors easily facilitated the exchange of children. Yet, the activism of adoptees and their allies expose the inherent messiness of adoption and reveal that adoption cannot be discussed in black and white terms. Using archival research, media texts, and oral histories, this monograph elucidates greater understanding concerning how the TAIC impacts the lived experiences of adoptees and their families. Notions of adoptees as perpetual children are disabused as I examine adoptees’ efforts to reshape adoption discourse to recognize the inherent rights of birth parents and adoptees. In adulthood, adoptees construct a new type of public personhood, one defined by their autonomy and agency. Cold War, Christian Americanism, Korean adoption, adoption, South Korea, gratitude, industrial complex, orphans, immigration, family, kinship
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Book chapters on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Yigitcanlar, Tan, and Tommi Inkinen. "Theory and Practice of Knowledge Precincts." In Geographies of Disruption, 215–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03207-4_16.

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Bhaskar, Krish, and John Flower. "Reporting theory and failures." In Disruption in Financial Reporting, 18–28. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Disruption in financial reporting & auditing: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429273810-2.

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Rey, Anja, and Jörg Rothe. "Bribery in Path-Disruption Games." In Algorithmic Decision Theory, 247–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24873-3_19.

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Rigell, Amanda, and Arianna Banack. "Dialogue as Disruption." In Connecting Theory and Practice in Middle School Literacy, 79–93. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003171508-7.

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Hemberg, Erik. "Theory of Disruption in GE." In Handbook of Grammatical Evolution, 109–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78717-6_5.

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Yigitcanlar, Tan, and Tommi Inkinen. "Theory and Practice of Knowledge Cities and Knowledge-Based Urban Development." In Geographies of Disruption, 109–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03207-4_10.

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Chaplain, Roland. "Theory, research and behaviour management." In Teaching without Disruption in the Secondary School, 6–28. Second edition. | New York: Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315536781-2.

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Vlahakis, Nektarios. "Theory of Relativistic Jets." In The Formation and Disruption of Black Hole Jets, 177–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10356-3_7.

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Buschow, Christopher. "Instagram als Wegbereiter einer Plattform-Disruption im Lokaljournalismus? Einige theoretische Überlegungen anhand der „Disruption Theory“." In Journalismus und Instagram, 105–25. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34603-4_8.

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Wegner, Nicole. "Connecting Feminist Theory and Critical Pedagogies: Disrupting Assumptions About Teaching and Canon." In Teaching International Relations in a Time of Disruption, 25–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56421-6_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Li, B., C. Guo, and T. Ning. "Disruption Management in Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Prospect Theory." In 2018 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Internet of Things (CCIOT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cciot45285.2018.9032682.

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Stonehouse, George H., and Nataliya Yu Konina. "Management Challenges in the Age of Digital Disruption." In 1st International Conference on Emerging Trends and Challenges in the Management Theory and Practice (ETCMTP 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200201.001.

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Christensen, Ian, Kenneth Davidian, Jeff Foust, and Dustin Kaiser. "Applying Disruption Innovation Theory in Emerging Markets for Crew On-Orbit Transportation." In AIAA SPACE 2011 Conference & Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-7287.

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Zambrano, Raul, and Jenny Marcela Sanchez-Torres. "AI Public Policies in Latin America: Disruption or more of the same?" In ICEGOV 2021: 14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494193.3494294.

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Fu, Junbo, Shuang Zhang, and Huimin Ma. "Research on Disruption Management of Domestic Waste Door-to-door Collection and Transportation Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Prospect Theory." In 2019 IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itnec.2019.8729223.

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Fritschi, Lin, Valèrie Groß, Ursula Wild, Jane Heyworth, Deborah Glass, and Thomas Erren. "0086 Shiftwork, circadian disruption and breast cancer: a first application of the chronobiological theory and practical challenges within the australian bcee study." In Eliminating Occupational Disease: Translating Research into Action, EPICOH 2017, EPICOH 2017, 28–31 August 2017, Edinburgh, UK. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104636.64.

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Oraevsky, Alexander A., Bernard S. Gerstman, Steven L. Jacques, and Charles R. Thompson. "Working theory and experiments on photomechanical disruption of melanosomes to explain the threshold for minimal visible retinal lesions for sub-ns laser pulses." In Laser-Tissue Interaction V. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.182967.

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Song, Yixuan, and Matthew J. Rau. "Characterization of Aggregate Disruption Using Organic Marine Particles and Particle Tracking Measurements in Rotating/Oscillating Aggregation Tanks." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5499.

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Abstract The fate of particulate matter in the ocean is determined in large part by its size and settling rate. Disaggregation, caused by turbulence-induced shear, acts to fracture or erode large particles into slower-settling sub-aggregates and primary particles. The strength and breakup response of organic marine aggregates (i.e. marine snow particles consisting of phytoplankton) is poorly understood, limiting our ability to accurately predict marine particle transport effects on the global carbon cycle. A study was conducted to enable the investigation of disaggregation effects on these organic marine particle aggregates. Due to the fragile nature of the Phytoplankton cells and their resulting aggregates, test facilities that do not rely on external sampling or pumps are required. A novel rolling aggregation tank was developed that can both aggregate phytoplankton cells under varying hydrodynamic conditions and then expose them to calibrated shear forces using laminar oscillating flow. The theory behind the operation of this tank is presented along with the necessary operating conditions to create stable regions within the tank where particle settling effects are minimal but shear is still representative of values expected in the open ocean. Phytoplankton was cultured in the laboratory to create simulated marine snow particles in the open ocean for disaggregation experiments. The procedure to calculate and track the shear-history of each aggregate is described and how the data generated from this facility will be used to quantify disaggregation parameters relevant for population balance modeling is discussed.
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Hong-guang, Bo, Li Huan-zhi, Zhang Hui-lin, Guo Yi, and Mu Wei. "Disruption Recovery Model for Complex Flow Shop Scheduling With Considering Behavior Under Environment of the Internet of Things." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-2827.

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Disruptions happen in the actual manufacturing system under environment of the Internet of Things and they make the system difficult to manage. However, the convenient access to information of orders, equipment and participants make disruption recovery easier. In this paper we build a disruption recovery scheduling integer programming model considering the objective of minimizing total weighted completion-time (as the original objective) and the objectives of maximizing total consumer satisfaction degree & minimizing total deviation degree (as the revising objective). A PVPS (PSO & VNS Parallel Search) algorithm is proposed. The experiments results prove all above are effective.
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Mohammed, Aamirah, and Sardar Asif Khan. "Global Disruption of Semiconductor Supply Chains During COVID-19: An Evaluation of Leading Causal Factors." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85306.

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Abstract The coronavirus pandemic has caused unprecedented supply chain disruptions globally, resulting in a heightened need for supply chain resilience. Particularly in the case of semiconductor chips, a commodity already in high demand, the existing challenges in supply chains have been aggravated by the pandemic. This global shortage is resulting in manufacturing disruptions across multiple sectors from automobiles to electronics. The global automobile industry alone is said to suffer a $210 billion loss in revenue from chip shortages. This highlights the cruciality of scientifically analyzing and building solutions that addresses the issue of resiliency of global semiconductor supply chains. While several news articles and white papers have reported this issue, there has been a lack of scientific literature on this topic. The objective of this paper is to identify the factors causing semiconductor shortage, analyze, and quantify their impact on the supply chain. This paper identifies 20 factors under 4 major categories from pre- and post-pandemic era, in the period ranging from 2018 to 2021, that have contributed to this disruption. The categories are: geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, logistics challenges and COVID-19 pandemic. The factors are ranked using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The scientific value of this study lies in its contribution of quantifying and ranking the impact of the individual factors leading to the recent disruption in semiconductor supply chains. The results of this study will provide supply chain managers with the analytical information necessary for enabling resilient semiconductor supply chains as they navigate through these current challenges.
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Reports on the topic "Disruption theory"

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Gans, Joshua. A Theory of Visionary Disruption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30091.

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Leonid E. Zakharov. The Theory of the Kink Mode during the Vertical Disruption Events in Tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/960425.

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Lindquist, Joachim, and Henning de Haas. Creating Supply Chain Resilience Through Scenario Planning: How a Digital Twin Can Be Used To Enhance Supply Chain Resilience Through Scenario Planning. Aarhus University Library, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aul.435.

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This book focusses on the concept of supply chain disruptions and how supply chain resilience can contribute to both preparing for and reacting to the event causing disruption. For building a digital twin of a supply chain, a software named Supply Chain Guru has been used. The software is a supply chain design tool which can be used for different kinds of supply chain network optimisation. The book outlines four scenarios: Covid-19 lockdown, Brexit without deal, Conflagration at a dairy and Political regulations on transport. The scenarios all contain a problem that needs to be solved. This problem is considered as the main disruption for the supply chain. Running the scenario in Supply Chain Guru, constraints are added to the AS-IS model. The constraints are identified as implications of the event in the scenarios. By adding the constraints and running the model, Supply Chain Guru identifies suggestions to solve the problems which were described. The solutions within the scenarios are held up against the theory of supply chain resilience, to describe how the scenario planning can be used to enhance supply chain resilience. Finally, the book discuss how scenario planning can be related to supply chain resilience as well as how scenario planning can be used to increase supply chain resilience.
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Hossain, Niamat Ullah Ibne, Raed Jaradat, Seyedmohsen Hosseini, Mohammad Marufuzzaman, and Randy Buchanan. A framework for modeling and assessing system resilience using a Bayesian network : a case study of an interdependent electrical infrastructure systems. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40299.

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This research utilizes Bayesian network to address a range of possible risks to the electrical power system and its interdependent networks (EIN) and offers possible options to mitigate the consequences of a disruption. The interdependent electrical infrastructure system in Washington, D.C. is used as a case study to quantify the resilience using the Bayesian network. Quantification of resilience is further analyzed based on different types of analysis such as forward propagation, backward propagation, sensitivity analysis, and information theory. The general insight drawn from these analyses indicate that reliability, backup power source, and resource restoration are the prime factors contributed towards enhancing the resilience of an interdependent electrical infrastructure system.
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Figlio, David. Boys Named Sue: Disruptive Children and their Peers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11277.

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Beuermann, Diether, Nicolas L. Bottan, Bridget Hoffmann, C. Kirabo Jackson, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Research Insights: Can Education Protect Employment during Times of Economic Disruption? Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003698.

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Women with test scores above a secondary school admission threshold for preferred schools increase their years of education and entrance to university. Men increase neither years of schooling nor university attendance. Females with scores just above an admission threshold are significantly less likely to experience a job loss during the recession than those just below. Moreover, each year of education reduces the probability of job loss. The protective effects of education are related to workers attributes and not to job characteristics or access to childcare. Education, in and of itself, has a protective role during downturns.
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Milewski, Nadja. First child of immigrant workers and their descendants in West Germany: interrelation of events, disruption, or adaptation? Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2006-034.

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Belkin, Shimshon, Sylvia Daunert, and Mona Wells. Whole-Cell Biosensor Panel for Agricultural Endocrine Disruptors. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696542.bard.

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Objectives: The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Background: Chemical agents, such as pesticides applied at inappropriate levels, may compromise water quality or contaminate soils and hence threaten human populations. In recent years, two classes of compounds have been increasingly implicated as emerging risks in agriculturally-related pollution: endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals. The latter group may reach the environment by the use of wastewater effluents, whereas many pesticides have been implicated as EDCs. Both groups pose a threat in proportion to their bioavailability, since that which is biounavailable or can be rendered so is a priori not a threat; bioavailability, in turn, is mediated by complex matrices such as soils. Genetically engineered biosensor bacteria hold great promise for sensing bioavailability because the sensor is a live soil- and water-compatible organism with biological response dynamics, and because its response can be genetically “tailored” to report on general toxicity, on bioavailability, and on the presence of specific classes of toxicants. In the present project we have developed a bacterial-based sensor panel incorporating multiple strains of genetically engineered biosensors for the purpose of detecting different types of biological effects. The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Major achievements: (a) construction of innovative bacterial sensor strains for accurate and sensitive detection of agriculturally-relevant pollutants, with a focus on endocrine disrupting compounds (UK and HUJ) and antibiotics (HUJ); (b) optimization of methods for long-term preservation of the reporter bacteria, either by direct deposition on solid surfaces (HUJ) or by the construction of spore-forming Bacillus-based sensors (UK); (c) partial development of a computerized algorithm for the analysis of sensor panel responses. Implications: The sensor panel developed in the course of the project was shown to be applicable for the detection of a broad range of antibiotics and EDCs. Following a suitable development phase, the panel will be ready for testing in an agricultural environment, as an innovative tool for assessing the environmental impacts of EDCs and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, while the current study relates directly to issues of water quality and soil health, its implications are much broader, with potential uses is risk-based assessment related to the clinical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries as well as to homeland security.
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Christie, Lorna, and Alison Tully. Security of UK Telecommunications. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn584.

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Telecommunications networks are essential for the day-to-day running of UK businesses and public services, however, concerns have been raised recently over their security. This POSTnote outlines the threats to these networks, the ability of networks to cope with disruption, and possible protective measures.
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Aiyar, Yamini, Vincy Davis, Gokulnath Govindan, and Taanya Kapoor. Rewriting the Grammar of the Education System: Delhi’s Education Reform (A Tale of Creative Resistance and Creative Disruption). Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-misc_2021/01.

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The study was not designed to undertake an evaluation of the success or failure of reform. Nor was it specifically about the desirability or defects of the policy reform choices. It took these reform choices and the policy context as a given. It is important to note that the Delhi reforms had its share of criticisms (Kumar, 2016; Rampal, 2016). However, our goal was not to comment on whether these were the “right” reforms or have their appropriateness measured in terms of their technical capability. This study sought to understand the pathways through which policy formulations, designed and promoted by committed leaders (the sound and functional head of the flailing state), transmit their ideas and how these are understood, resisted, and adopted on the ground. In essence, this is a study that sought to illuminate the multifaceted challenges of introducing change and transition in low-capacity settings. Its focus was on documenting the process of implementing reforms and the dynamics of resistance, distortion, and acceptance of reform efforts on the ground. The provocative claim that this report makes is that the success and failure, and eventual institutionalisation, of reforms depend fundamentally on how the frontline of the system understands, interprets, and adapts to reform efforts. This, we shall argue, holds the key to upending the status quo of “pilot” burial grounds that characterise many education reform efforts in India. Reforms are never implemented in a vacuum. They inevitably intersect with the belief systems, cultures, values, and norms that shape the education ecosystem. The dynamics of this interaction, the frictions it creates, and reformers’ ability to negotiate these frictions are what ultimately shape outcomes. In the ultimate analysis, we argue that reforming deeply entrenched education systems (and, more broadly, public service delivery systems) is not merely a matter of political will and technical solutions (although both are critical). It is about identifying the points of reform friction in the ecosystem and experimenting with different ways of negotiating these. The narrative presented here does not have any clear answers for what needs to be done right. Instead, it seeks to make visible the intricacies and potential levers of change that tend to be ignored in the rush to “evaluate” reforms and declare success and failure. Moving beyond success to understand the dynamics of change and resistance is the primary contribution of this study.
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