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Adcock, Christina Annie Lee. "The emotional effects of disruption." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1116.
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Disruption is something that we must negotiate as part of our everyday lives. The context of disruption can vary in nature from being positive to being negative in nature. However, the emotional effects of the disruption have not been investigated in the social psychological literature. This study utilizes structuralized ritualization affect theory of social exchange, attribution theory, and the theory of relational cohesion in order to investigate the effects of disruption on the overall positive emotion of the actors involved and their feelings of cohesiveness with regard to their group.
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Boland, Brodie James. "Generative Disruption: The Subversive Effects of Collaboration." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1386265167.
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Pearson, Eloise. "A grounded theory of re-normalising after an abrupt life disruption." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485660.
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Background: Patients hospitalised as a result of either sudden illness or injury become needy individuals who, as a consequence of the reason for'their admission, have the potential to challenge the nursing team in relation to their care management. There is a need for nurses to understand the experience from the patient's perspective to enable effective delivery of relevant care management which will address the need~ of this patient group. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to (a) further '. elucidate the experiences of emergency surgical patients and (b) fonnulate ~- a systematic logical and explanatory theory of how these patients dealt with the consequences of the abrupt incident. Methods: This study utilised Glaserian principles and techniques to elicit and analyse data from 30 emergency surgical patients. Results: The theory of re-normalising after an abrupt life disruption illuminates a three-phase process. Immediately following the critical juncture of disruption to their established lifestyle, the patients are in an initial phase whereby they experience the effects of disruption in tenns of experiencing loss, distress and personal powerlessness. Having progressed through this distressing phase, they begin to reji-ame their expectation oftheir future by a process of reflection, recognition and rationalising the events and its consequences. This led into the final phase of defining the new normal for themselves by means of anticipating, visualising and adjusting which culminated in re-normalising. Conclusions: The theory allows discovery of a process which is not readily recognisable in the present trauma care management structure. Whilst paramount attention is required to address the physiological aspects of the trauma patient, the psychosocial aspects of care management need to be addressed to empower and enable the patient to effectively re-nonnalise.
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Chadist, Patrapa. "Factors underlying companies response to supply chain disruption : a grounded theory approach." Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1254/.
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A wide range of recent man-made and natural disasters has demonstrated the importance of managing disruption risk in global supply chains. This research argues that supply chain disruptions are, de facto, unavoidable and consequently all complex supply chains can be considered inherently risky. This research focuses on a relatively unexplored issue in supply chain risk management, asking and answering the question of how companies specifically use time to respond to catastrophic events of low probability but high impact. Linking faster response lead-time with reduced impact, the goal is to identify and explore the underlying factors of managing disruption risk by answering how companies respond to supply chain disruptions. In reducing total response time by detecting the event, designing solutions, and deploying a recovery plan sooner after a disruption, the company can reduce the impact of disruption risk. The research uses Grounded Theory methodology to extend an emerging framework on time-based supply chain risk management. Empirical data is used from a range of sources including interviews and corporate publications from the events faced by global pharmaceutical manufacturer during a pandemic in 2009. The emerging categories of possible factors in response time are further developed using data from the events surrounding the worst maritime oil spill in history in 2010 under the management responsibility of the Exploration and Production (Upstream) division of a global energy company and from an industrial accident in 2005 in the Refining and Marketing division of the same firm. The research identifies four categories of factors that companies can focus on to reduce response time in the face of catastrophic events of low probability and high impact: organisational structure, preparation, partnership and reserve. The research derives new insights, presented as four propositions that relate the response time in managing supply chain disruption to negative or potentially positive impact.
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Jansen, Marc Christiaan. "Contract design for collaborative response to service disruptions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/266247.
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This dissertation studies firms' strategic interactions in anticipation of random service disruption following technology failure. In particular it is aimed at understanding how contracting decisions between a vendor and one or multiple clients affect the firms' subsequent decisions to ensure disruption response and recovery are managed as efficiently as possible. This dissertation consists of three studies that were written as standalone papers seeking to contribute to the literature on contract design and technology management in operations management. Together, the three studies justify the importance of structuring the right incentives to mitigate disruption risks. In the first study we contribute to this literature by means of an analytical model which we use to examine how a client and vendor should balance investments in response capacity when both parties' efforts are critical in resolving disruption and each may have different risk preferences. We study the difference in the client's optimal expected utility between a case in which investment in response capacity is observable and a case in which it is not and refer to the difference in outcomes between the two cases as the cost of complexity. Firstly, we show that the cost of complexity to the client is decreasing in the risk aversion of vendor but increasing in her own risk aversion. Secondly, we find that a larger difference in risk aversion between a client and vendor leads to underinvestment in system uptime in case the client's investment is observable, yet the opposite happens when the client’s investment is not observable. In the second study we further examine the context of the first study through a controlled experiment. We examine how differences in risk aversion and access to information on a contracting partner’s risk preferences interact in affecting contracting and investment decisions between the client and vendor. Comparing subject decisions with the conditionally optimal benchmarks we arrive at two observations that highlight possible heuristic decision biases. Firstly, subjects tend to set and hold on to an inefficiently high investment level even though it is theoretically optimal to adjust decisions under changing differences in risk preferences. Secondly, subjects tend to set and hold on to a penalty that is too high when interacting with more risk averse vendors and too low in case the vendor is equally risk averse. Furthermore, cognitive feedback on the vendor’s risk aversion appears to have counterproductive effects on subject’s performance in the experiment, suggesting cognitive overload can have a reinforcing effect on the heuristic decision biases observed. In the third study we construct a new analytical model to examine the effect of contract design on a provider's response capacity allocation in a setting where multiple clients may be disrupted and available response capacity is limited. The results show that while clients may be incentivized to identify and report network disruptions, competition for scarce emergency resources and the required investment in understanding their own exposure may incentivize clients to deliberately miscommunicate with the vendor.
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alramadin, manal. "Strategies to Mitigate Negative Results of Supply Chain Disruption." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7909.
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Supply chains are considered the foundation of the global economy, and businesses with global supply chains usually encounter at least 1 disruption annually. Mitigating the negative impact of disruptions is critical to supply chain managers, as disruptions can negatively impact organizational profitability and performance. Grounded in the resource dependence theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies organizational and supply chain managers use to mitigate negative results from supply chain disruption. Participants were 4 supply chain managers working in 2 different international organizations located in Jordan, who used effective strategies to mitigate supply chain disruptions. Data collection involved semistructured interviews and a review of organizational documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and 2 main themes emerged: Developing relationships and collaboration and strategy to identify supply chain disruption. The implications for positive social change include the potential for organizational and supply chain managers to mitigate negative results of supply chain disruptions and improve organizational performance. Sustaining organizational performance promotes the well-being of employees, families, communities, and the economy, which can result in customer satisfaction, business growth, and stable employment.
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Murray, Kathleen. "To Wandiligong : a visual journey through memory, time, space, light, landscape and fourteen layers of glass." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2019. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/173375.
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This research project examines the process of conceptualisation and its effects on the development of layers of meaning in a visual context. It explores a journey over time, within an observed environment. It explores the conceptual processes which, like a physical journey, runs through many landscapes. Memory and emotion, analysis and observation, recording and interpretation and as a final destination, the practical application in the making of the pictures. This exegesis compares the differences between the theoretical stances artists have taken in the pursuit of creating work based on the depiction of the landscape. It considers a variety of approaches to image and meaning and determines the effect of disruption as it relates to art practice over centuries and to my own practice. Throughout the work there is an exploration of the different forms of disruption on the landscape, from colonisation through to the visual effects of a changing climate. Consideration is given to the similarities and differences between the practices of visual art and communication design particularly in relation to the role of the audience. The process of research and experimentation in the making of 16 digitally augmented inkjet print, photographic images and an accompanying story map drawing of the journey is described. This involved the investigation of the conceptual development processes and approaches in relation to landscape imagery and the effect of a changing climate on their visual outcomes. The results of my experimentation in capturing images through drawing and photography using graphite pencils and paper and a camera, in a car moving through the landscape, are described. This is followed by a description of my experimentation of the use of a disruptive digital drawing application on photographic images located within an iPad and how the resulting images were conceptualised and created.Masters by Research
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Kahle, Lauren M. "Testing the impact of post-traumatic stress on existential motivation for ideological close- and open-mindedness." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1494702077677688.
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Clad, François. "Disruption-free routing convergence : computing minimal link-state update sequences." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD012/document.
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Avec le développement des applications temps-réel sur Internet, telles que la télévision, la voix sur IP et les jeux en ligne, les fournisseurs d'accès à Internet doivent faire face à des contraintes de plus en plus fortes quant aux performances de leurs services. Cependant, après chaque changement topologique, les protocoles de routage à état des liens, utilisés dans les réseaux de cœur de ces opérateurs, entrent dans une période de convergence durant laquelle des boucles de routage peuvent apparaître. Ce phénomène dégrade les performances du réseau (latence, congestions, pertes de paquets) et peut durer plusieurs secondes. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons de nouvelles solutions permettant de prévenir ces perturbations dans le cas de reconfigurations sur un lien ou un routeur. Notre approche a pour particularité de ne reposer que sur les mécanismes de base des protocoles de routage à état des liens, et d’être ainsi déployable de manière incrémentale dans n’importe quel réseau. Intuitivement, il s’agit de contrôler implicitement l’ordre de mise à jour des routeurs, à travers une modification progressive du poids d’un sous-ensemble de liens. Par exemple, l’augmentation du poids d’un lien aura pour effet de forcer les routeurs les plus éloignés de ce composant à se mettre à jour avant les routeurs plus proches. En adaptant finement l’amplitude de tels changements, il est alors possible de répartir la mise à jour de routeurs potentiellement impliqués dans une boucle sur plusieurs étapes. Cette opération peut ensuite être répétée jusqu’à ce que le composant ne soit plus utilisé pour acheminer des données dans le réseau, permettant un retrait sans impact sur le routageThe use of real time media or mission critical applications over IP networks is making strong pressure on service providers to operate disruption free networks. However, after any topological change, link-state Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), such as IS-IS or OSPF, enter a convergence phase during which transient forwarding loops may occur. Such loops increase the network latency and cause packet losses for several seconds. In this thesis, we propose and evaluate innovative solutions to prevent these perturbations in case a planned modification on a link or a router. Our approach only relies on core functionalities of link-state routing protocols, thus being incrementally deployable in any network. Intuitively, it consists in implicitly controlling the routers update order through successive IGP weight reconfigurations on a subset of links. For example, progressively increasing the weight of a link forces farthest routers to update their routes first, before closest ones. Hence, finely tuning such changes may allow to spread the update of routers potentially implied in a loop across multiple steps. This operation can be repeated until the component to be removed is no longer used to forward traffic in the network, thus allowing its removal with no impact on the routing decisions
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Bergendal, Taghrid Sara. "P.S. I love you...and other growth hacking strategies used by disruptive tech start-ups : A case study on the relevance and enactment of growth hacking by Sweden's tech start-ups." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325969.
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Disruption innovation theory has been the zeitgeist for building globally disruptive tech companies since 1997. One decade later, disruptive tech start-ups are moving away from traditional marketing strategies in favour of growth hacking. There is a seemingly growing consensus by online tech experts, tech entrepreneurs, advisors and investors, that suggests that growth hacking is becoming increasingly important practice for disruption based tech start-ups. Furthermore, Sweden is becoming the Silicon Valley of the Nordics, producing more unicorns per capita than any other country in the world. This case study research is an investigation of the relevance and enactment of growth hacking by disruptive tech start-ups in Sweden. The main objective is to determine whether growth hacking is actually being used and how it is enacted by the start-ups. The goal is to explore how relevant this new term is, if it as popular as suggested in online literature and if so which growth hacks are being used. The study is conducted by carrying out a qualitative case study on five tech start-ups in Sweden: Fidesmo, a smart-chip payment system based on NFC technology that can be implanted into everyday objects such as watches, bracelets and cards, and that allows users to update and add new digital services as well as open doors or pay with a simple tap; TaskRunner, a geo-location based ‘help on demand’ platform that allows people to post ads for help with tasks while nearby task runners can bid to be hired to complete those tasks; Beleco, a unique marketplace for furniture rentals with a modern white-glove approach, that allows people to change or rent, rent-to-own or buy their furniture with the utmost ease; &frankly, a continuous tracking application software that helps create happier and productive workspaces by triggering and measuring engagement and surveys between employees and employers in a non-hierarchical manner; and Wunderino; a Malta-based online casino platform started by Swedish entrepreneurs with the goal of taking the traditional pressures associated with gambling away and replacing it with an element of fun and gaming. Empirical data collection consisted of the interviews and observational study of their innovation on their platform or website. The results were interpreted and contextualized within the disruption innovation theory framework. The results of the study reveal that growth hacking is relevant to disruptive tech start-ups, and is becoming increasingly important to them as their companies develop. Additionally the study reveals that growth hacking occurs organically within these start-up structures, already integrated into their marketing and strategy, without a separate or official definition of the practices. Additionally, growth hacking may have initially been seen as lower cost approach to marketing, however the research reveals that it is not lower cost if there isn’t someone who is highly technical on the founding team. Finally, the results reveal that growth hacking is not fully operationalized or defined as growth hacking to the extent of its popularity online and in popular texts, however it does lay on the horizon as a goal for tech start-ups.
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Legge, Dianne M. "Accommodating life disruption: An interpretive exploration of living with a low-grade glioma." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/126757/1/Dianne_Legge_Thesis.pdf.
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This research focuses on understanding how people living with a low-grade glioma diagnosis accommodate significant disruption to their lives and future plans. Exploring the meaning of social interactions, processes and language exposed the ambiguous clinical context and the necessity for people to reappraise values and connections, and renegotiate their identity to live with this illness. Findings suggest the need for greater attention to the survivorship needs of people with low-grade glioma to facilitate connection with identity and engage in productive community life. The importance of continued improvement in health professionals' communication with patients is reinforced.
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Araiza, Alicia. "Foster Parents' Attachment Style as a Moderator of Children's Negative Behaviors and Placement Disruption." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3427.
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There is a demonstrated association between children's negative behaviors, placement disruption, and foster parents' attachment style in early childhood; however, there is an absence of research examining this relation among foster children in middle childhood. Researchers have found that in early childhood, children respond more favorably to foster parents with a secure attachment style, while greater placement disruption is associated with foster parents having an insecure attachment style. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between foster children's negative behaviors, placement disruption in foster children during middle childhood, and foster parents' attachment style. Bowlby's and Ainsworth's attachment theory was the theoretical framework of this quantitative study. Thirty-six foster parent-child dyads from 2 foster care organizations in Texas formed the convenience sample. Participants completed the Behavior Assessment System for Children, the Parent Rating Scale (predictor variable), the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (moderator variable), and a postbaseline telephone call (criterion variable). The results of a binary logistic regression analysis indicated that children's negative behavior was not significantly related to placement disruption. A moderated regression analysis was not conducted to test if foster parents' attachment style had a moderating effect between children's negative behavior and placement disruption due to the low number of respondents in the insecure style. These findings provide insight into the influence of foster parents' attachment style to children's behaviors. Social change implications could promote attachment theory in the development of training programs for foster parents which may help increase placement stability.
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Johnson, Natalie Jo. "Intimate Partner Homicide Rates in Chicago, 1988 to 1992: a Modified General Strain Theory Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500104/.
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Using data from the Chicago Homicide Dataset for years 1988-1992 and the Chicago Community Area Demographics, multiple regression and mediation analysis are used to examine various community level factors’ impact on Intimate Partner Homicide (IPH) rates per Chicago community area. The relationship between the percentage of non-white and IPH rate per Chicago community area is significant and positive, but disappears once economic strain is taken into account, as well as when family disruption is included in the model. There is a weak, but positive relationship between population density and IPH rates, but neither economic strain nor family disruption mediates the relationship between population density and IPH rates. Economic deprivation is positively related to IPH rates, but economic strain and family disruption partially mediate the relationship between economic deprivation and IPH rates. Finally, the relationship between the percentage of males aged 30-59 and IPH rates per community area in Chicago is moderately negative, but this relationship disappears once economic strain is accounted for in the model. However, family disruption does not mediate the relationship between the percentage of males aged 30-59 and IPH rates. These results indicate that some structural covariates impact IPH rates and that some relationships are mediated by economic strain and family disruption. These results also lend support to a modified approach to general strain theory (GST). More research is necessary to validate these results.
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Courtney, Emily Pauline. "The Impact of Traumatic Symptomology and Social Support on the Effective Management of Death Anxiety." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu152820655318897.
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Rocha, Eva. "Antithetical Commentaries on X, Y and the Disruption of Being." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4278.
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Through discursive essays and poetic narrative, Antithetical Commentaries on X, Y and the Disruption of Being explores the tenuous relationship between modes of measurement and the struggle for human relevance in the post-contemporary digital age. In the introductory essay, “Not the Feather, but the Bird”, I give an overview of the inherent problems of object-oriented ontology, and how it relates to aesthetics and social issues of our times. In the Developmental Overview, I detail how I developed my installation approach and techniques, particularly with regard to the three-way dynamic of the artist:work:viewer relationship and how it can encourage a ‘transgression’ that leads to the possibility of a transformative awareness of being. Subsequently, I present a series of ‘antithetical’ commentaries that neither explain nor expand the installation, rather, they create a non-binary duality that, through an entirely non-linear anti-narrative, work to erode the overlay of personal, civic and collective grids present in the memory space/time referenced in the video, TAG. Finally, in “Grid: Towards a Transgressive Humanism.” I propose a path by which installation art might serve to create transgressive opportunities for viewers, rather than the transcendence sought through religious rituals, which often reinforce stigmas, fears and authoritarian social dynamics, or worse, the reductive loop, of many contemporary approaches to art which proclaim
their detachment in wordy displays, essentially leading to a form of aesthetic nihilism. This Transgressive Humanism is not presented as a dogma, but rather a revitalization of the work as a vessel of possibilities, an agent of creative growth for the artist and the viewer.
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Burnard, Kevin J. "Establishing the resilient response of organisations to disruptions : an exploration of organisational resilience." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12489.
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The focus of this thesis is to investigate resilience at an organisational level. The research aims to identify and establish the features of resilience within the response of an organisation to disruptive and crisis events. Natural disasters, pandemic disease, terrorist attacks, economic recession, equipment failure and human error can all pose both a potentially unpredictable and severe threat to the continuity of an organisation's operations. As a result, disruptive events highlight the need to develop robust and resilient organisational and infrastructural systems capable of adapting and overcoming complex disruptive events.
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Koniakowski, Isabella. "When Should Feedback be Provided in Online Forms? : Using Revisits as a Measurement of Optimal Scanpath Disruption and Re-evaluating the Modal Theory of Form Completion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138800.
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In web forms, feedback can be provided to users at different points in time. This study investigates these three ways of providing feedback to find which results in the shortest completion time, which results in the lowest number of gaze revisits to input fields, and which type of feedback the users prefer. This was investigated through development of prototypes that were tested with 30 participants in a within-group design after which they were interviewed about their experiences. Providing feedback instantly or after form submission resulted in significantly shorter completion times than providing feedback after users left a field. Providing feedback instantly also resulted in significantly fewer revisits to input fields compared to providing feedback after leaving a field. Through a thematic analysis, users’ experiences were shown to be the most negative when given feedback after form submission, while the most positive experiences occurred when users were given feedback immediately. The results indicate that providing feedback immediately may be an equally good or better alternative to earlier research recommendations to provide feedback after form submission and that revisits to areas of interest may, with further research, be a measurement of optimal scanpath disruption.
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Harland, Fiona M. "How the university librarian ensures the relevance of the library to stakeholders: A constructivist grounded theory." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106745/1/Fiona_Harland_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis presents a substantive grounded theory that provides an understanding of how the University Librarian or Library Director can ensure the library's relevance to stakeholders in the face of digital disruption caused by online open access information sources. The theory suggests that the University Librarian responds to these problems in a cyclical pattern where the following strategies interact with each other: aligning strategic vision with the university; reinventing the library; engaging with stakeholders; building an agile and engaged culture; and demonstrating value to the university. These mutually dependent strategies sustain a library culture that is continually striving for improvement.
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Greening, Anthony N. "Social disorganisation theory and violent crime: A spatial-econometric analysis of Chicago and Sydney." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2528.
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The spatialisation of violent crime is explored in two large case studies, Chicago and Sydney, using spatial econometric methods and macro-sociological variables derived from Social Disorganisation Theory.
Social Disorganisation Theory (SDT) is introduced in terms of its formulation in response to highly specific conditions arising in Chicago, as well as its adoption of methodological and theoretical developments from existing traditions. This specificity belies its breadth of application and enduring presence in criminology. With “Social Disorganisation Theory” hosting a wealth of highly nuanced academic dialogue conducted under its banner, current incarnations of SDT appear as branches on an evolutionary tree. This research addresses the theoretical roots of that tree, from which two primary benefits are derived. The first is that the resulting focus on macro-structural variables permits large-scale urban studies to be conducted with existing datasets. The second is that this effectively isolates the spatial analysis from specific theoretical developments and generalises the results. The difference from the classical formulation of SDT is that an “augmented” set of five variables is used as independent variables: disadvantage, population heterogeneity, residential mobility, family disruption and urbanisation. Criminal violence forms the dependent variable.
All variables are observed to exhibit spatial autocorrelation. In response, Spatial Durbin Models are selected for each case study. This selection is supported by diagnostics, with some qualification noted. Initial results suggest a basis for further exploration. In Sydney, this leads to a fully mediated model with family disruption as the mediator. In the case of Chicago, the strong landscape of segregation leads to a model which accommodates for the resulting structural instability. This introduces a model which provides separate treatment to highly homogeneous areas.
Results indicate mixed support for SDT. With the exception of heterogeneity and - to a lesser extent - urbanisation, variables broadly align with expectations derived from SDT in the initial Sydney and Chicago studies. However, these observations are muted by other outcomes. Firstly, the spatial complexity portrayed in the results is not formally conveyed by SDT. Using the argument that methodology both enables and constrains theory development, this is to be expected. Social Disorganisation Theory is credited with founding the ecological tradition in criminology. However, concepts of criminogenic place which have evolved from it are typically intertwined with co-location models of space. This is regarded as a limitation in which spatial autocorrelation is treated as a nuisance, rather than being theoretically embraced. That gap is highlighted by spatially rich results. The second threat to SDT in results from the Sydney case study is that a more parsimonious model is derived from family disruption alone. Furthermore, when disruption is employed as a mediator, full mediation is observed. The final response to SDT is that it does not accommodate structural instability as indicated in Chicago.
The results of this exploratory study offer insights into the spatial richness of violence in urban areas from an ecological perspective. This complexity poses a challenge to SDT. The thesis closes by discussing this challenge and includes an outline of proposed future work.
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Nangah, Mary Mbongo. "Disrupting the Discourse of the Other: a Transformative Learning Study of African Art." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801948/.
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The primary question of this study is: How does the disruption of African art discourse influence a group of university students’ perceptions of African aesthetics? This inquiry developed from previous studies on the exclusion of modern and contemporary African art in Western art museums. Through the theoretical lens of Postcolonial Theory and Critical Multiculturalism, this research conceptualizes the dominance of traditional African art in art museums, art history, and art education as a Western hegemonic discourse that normalizes perceptions of Africa and African aesthetics as the fixed primitive Other. Thus, this research applied Action Research (AR) methodology coupled with Transformative Learning Theory (TL) to disrupt the discourse of African art; with the purpose of affecting positive changes in perceptions of African aesthetics. The participants for this study were 10 students in a course (Art 1301 Honors Art Appreciation) I instructed at the University of North Texas in the fall (September–December) 2013 semester. Data was collected, analyzed, and interpreted from participants’ assignments and my research journal. This study comprised a dual enquiry on: 1. Discourse and Meaning-making; and 2. Disruption and Transformation. First, the study analyzed students’ perceptions of African aesthetics from their learning experience of traditional African art in an art museum. The findings affirmed traditional African art at the museum as a discourse of Africa as the Other of the West. Secondly, the study analyzed how students’ perceptions were influenced from their experience (in my classroom) of learning histories of modern and contemporary African art that disrupt the authenticity of traditional African art. The findings revealed that 80% of participants developed positive transformations. This research demonstrates how art education grounded in critical theory and transformative learning subverted African art as the discourse of the Other, developed students’ understandings of the multiple realities of Africa and African aesthetics, and encouraged positive transformations in students’ perceptions of African aesthetics.
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Sietzema, Maarten, and Illipse Ines. "Exploring Disruptive Innovation: Case study on Multi-sided Platforms." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253833.
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Purpose - The purpose of this research is to explore disruptive innovation and to determine whether Christensen’s latest version (2015) of the disruptive innovation theory can explain the success of multisided platforms in the music industry. Thus, we analyze three cases studies based on the theory: Napster, Spotify and Apple Music. At the end, we present our results concerning Christensen’s theory’s capability to explain the recent success stories of digital multisided platforms. Research Question - “Does the theory of disruptive innovation explain the success of Multi-sided Platforms in the music industry?” Methodology - A comparative case study with three levels of success gives us a width that we think is necessary in order to draw conclusions. Spotify is considered to be a global market leader while Apple Music is highly successful and market leader in the US. Napster, however, is not considered successful due to the legal issues it has encountered. Secondary data is used on all cases, and an in-depth literature review of the theory which supports the theoretical framework that we use to compare the cases. Findings - This research explores Christensen’s theory that is widely misinterpreted and misapplied in the recent years. Christensen’s theory is heavily built upon a technology factor that drives disruptive innovation, however, this can not explain for instance Spotify’s success, which is according to the original theory is not disruptive. We argue that business model innovation is the driver of disruption in some cases where technology is merely an enabler for business to reach disruptive effects. We would like to propose a stronger categorization of disruption types, such as “technology driven disruption” or “business model driven disruption” in order to identify disruption with different roots.Syfte - Syftet med denna forskning är att undersöka disruptiv (omstörtande) innovation och att avgöra om Christensens senaste version (2015) av den disruptiva (omstörtande) innovationsteorin kan förklara framgången med flersidiga plattformar inom musikbranschen. Således analyserar vi tre fallstudier baserade på teorin: Napster, Spotify och Apple Music. I slutet presenterar vi våra resultat avseende Christensens teoris förmåga att förklara de senaste framgångshistorierna för digitala flersidiga plattformar. Forskningsfråga - “Förklarar teorin om disruptiv innovation framgången med flersidiga plattformar i musikbranschen?” Metodik - En jämförande fallstudie med tre nivåer av framgång ger oss den bredd som vi tycker är nödvändig för att dra slutsatser. Spotify anses vara en global marknadsledare och Apple Music är mycket framgångsrikt samt marknadsledande i USA. Napster anses emellertid inte framgångsrikt på grund av de rättsliga problem som uppstått. Sekundär data används i alla exempel, samt en djupgående litteraturöversikt av teorin som stöder den teoretiska ramverk som vi använder för att jämföra fallen. Resultat - Denna undersökning utforskar Christensens teori som är brett misstolkad och felaktig tillämpad under de senaste åren. Christensens teori bygger starkt på en teknikfaktor som driver disruptiv innovation, men detta kan inte förklara exempelvis Spotifys framgång, vilken enligt den ursprungliga teorin inte är disruptiv. Vi argumenterar för att affärsmodellinnovation driver störningar i fall där tekniken bara är en katalysator för att verksamheten når disruptiva effekter. Vi skulle vilja föreslå en starkare kategorisering av disruptionstyper, till exempel “tekniskt driven disruption” eller “affärsmodelldisruption” för att identifiera disruptioner med olika rötter.
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Williams, Claire. "Persecutory delusions, schizotypy and disruptions to theory of mind." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446421/.
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Frith (1992) proposed that disruptions to 'theory of mind' (Premack and Woodruff, 1978) or 'mentalising' could explain the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. For Frith, persecutory delusions represent a disorder in monitoring the thoughts and intentions of others. Following Frith's (1992) model, disruptions to theory of mind have been included in the main cognitive models of persecutory delusions. This review will first outline Frith's neuropsychological model of schizophrenia. It will then summarise the role theory of mind disruptions are given by the main cognitive models of persecutory delusions (Bentall, Corcoran, Howard, Blackwell and Kinderman, 2001 Freeman, Garety, Kuipers, Fowler and Bebbington, 2002) and the cognitive model of positive symptoms (Garety, Kuipers, Fowler, Freeman and Bebbington, 2001). The empirical evidence for such a disruption is then reviewed from studies with a patient population and studies with a non-patient population who vary of the dimension of schizotypy. It is concluded that empirical studies to date have mostly employed traditional theory of mind tests that are designed to assess simple theory of mind deficits such as those seen in autism or the behavioural signs of schizophrenia (Frith, 1992). It is suggested that traditional tests are not able to detect the subtle disruptions to theory of mind related to persecutory delusions. The concepts of 'hyper-ToM' (Abu-Akel and Bailey, 2000) and 'over-mentalising' are discussed and it is suggested that future research should focus on the development of tests which are able to detect 'hyper-ToM' or 'over-mentalising' in patients with persecutory delusions or non-clinical populations who are high on delusional ideation and paranoia.
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Navasargian, Andre 1975, and Tyler D. 1974 Thompson. "Managing innovation in the real estate industry : a theory of disruptive innovations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32200.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-105).
Management teams in real estate firms are in a precarious position as they struggle to manage innovation without much experience in planning and executing technology-driven strategies. Real estate technology is in its infancy. The growth trajectories of innovations and the impacts of novel technologies on the future of the real estate industry have yet to be seen. This is an important time for board members and senior managers of leading real estate firms because innovation is a double-edged sword. A sound technology policy can be highly lucrative, while a failed technology strategy can prove positively fatal. This thesis studies the complexities of managing innovation in the real estate industry. It builds on the study of innovation and strategic management in other industries to provide insight into the future of the real estate industry. Managing innovation is not a new problem - there is a significant body of scholarship on the topic that has been developed through rigorous study of several industries ranging from disk drives to retailing. Researchers have produced a set of analytical frameworks and detailed case studies that explore the interaction between innovation and firm-level strategic management. This paper applies some of these analytical tools to study the nature of innovation in the real estate industry and uncover potential opportunities and pitfalls facing managers in the future.
by Andre Navasargian & Tyler D. Thompson.
S.M.
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Marley, Kathryn Ann. "Mitigating supply chain disruptions essays on lean management, interactive complexity, and tight coupling /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1151680271.
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Wenner, Gemma Antonine. "Marijuana-tourism| Disruptive Innovation for Small Island Developing States." Thesis, University of Maryland University College, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13428534.
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The Caribbean region consists of many small island developing states (SIDS) that are dependent on a sun, sea, and sand (3-S) tourism product. These SIDS are facing declining competitiveness vis-à-vis other tourism destinations and need to differentiate and rejuvenate their tourism product offerings. This study investigates the extent to which marijuana-tourism can lead to disruptive innovations (DI) in SIDS that are tourist dependent. A systematic review, using 53 research articles and a thematic synthesis analyzing seven different themes: (1) demographic profile of marijuana users and potential market size, (2) marijuana-tourism motivations, (3) common uses of marijuana, (4) types and structures of legal and regulatory frameworks, (5) cultivation, distribution, and marketing factors, (6) economic impacts of legalized recreational marijuana; and (7) adverse health and safety impacts were elaborated. The principal findings are that the regulatory framework for legalization acts as a mediating variable for defining the scope and structure of marijuana-related businesses and tourism niches that appear. When the recreational regulatory framework permits private competition, as evidenced in the early pioneering jurisdictions, significant economic benefits have resulted and at the same time social and health costs have been attenuated to date. In the context of SIDS, legal regimes are still largely prohibitionist, and in a few instances, partial liberalization has occurred. As liberalization progresses, structural and governance challenges exist that may moderate benefits. Further research is needed in many areas, given that the liberalization of marijuana laws is a recent phenomenon. More research is needed in areas, such as in-depth economic and social impacts analysis; the profile, composition, and expenditure patterns of marijuana tourists; the comparative advantages of different regulatory frameworks; and the public health and safety impacts for residents, marijuana tourists, and hospitality sector workers.
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Appiah, Dominic. "Building resistance to brand switching during disruptions in a competitive market : an identity theory perspective." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11661.
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The impact of identity on brand loyalty has taken precedence as an area of focus in recent marketing research. This has taken place in an era defined by technological revolution, which has created market disruptions and there are implications for customer–brand relationships. Nonetheless, the extant literature on brand loyalty does not extensively acknowledge the impact of socio-psychological attributes but rather functional utility maximisation. The brand loyalty literature has the notion that the perceived value of a brand is conceptualised and operationalised as a functional utilitarian value. Knowledge that illuminates how firms can reposition themselves to sustain brand loyalty when disruptions occur in today’s complex and globalised business environment is explored in this study, through empirical investigation into the phenomenon of brand switching behaviour among consumers in a specific competitive market, namely, the Smartphone Industry. The current study explores how resistance could be built from an identity theory perspective. As highlighted above, much emphasis has historically been placed on the functional utility of products at the expense of social meanings. Given the relative paucity of literature on identity and brand loyalty, this study adopts a grounded theory methodology based on a survey and a series of in-depth interviews across Ghana and the UK to access consumers’ insights and experiences of specific brands in the Smartphone industry. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded, utilising the three-stage process of analysing data; specifically, open, axial and selective coding. This study is the first to combine brand loyalty literature, identity theory and grounded theory to study the behaviour of brand switching in the Smartphone Industry. This study identified a gap in knowledge in the brand loyalty literature, as it focuses only on how brands perform under normal market conditions. Hence, this study provided consideration for market disruptions in the Smartphone industry. Empirical data from Smartphone users confirmed in this study that underlining factors which are non-utilitarian factors such as socio-psychological benefits, motivate consumers to continue buying the brands they buy. The study also established that the sustainability of brand loyalty could be accomplished from an identity theory perspective by adapting and advancing a customer–brand identification (CBI) model, to examine the phenomenon of brand switching in the Smartphone industry at a more matured and competitive stage.
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Billings, Dr Donald G. "Disruptive Innovation Within the Legal Services Ecosystem." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7119.
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Most law firms have done little to address the opportunities and threats related to potentially disruptive technology (DT), such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that law firm leaders in the United States used to address the potentially detrimental influences of DT, such as AI and ML, on their organizations. The systems approach to management was employed as the conceptual framework. Data were collected from 6 participants at 2 international law firms with offices in California using semistructured interviews and organizational artifacts. Data were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana's data analysis method, resulting in 4 themes: recognizing the legal ecosystem and legal firms are open systems, but organizational subsystems often function as semiclosed systems; acknowledging that while DT represents the most significant potential challenge in the near future, the immediate challenge is improving technology, which requires organizational adjustments; recognizing the need for firms to invest more heavily in innovation generation activities; and realizing the need for increased utilization of augmenting technologies, such as AI or ML, to streamline nonadvisory outputs. The findings of this study might support best practices for addressing DT and contribute to social change by outlining ways in which firms can lower costs to clients while increasing access to legal services for those in underserved communities.
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Heilmeier, Brian P. "Role Conflict around Disruptive Campus Activism." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1603904490988427.
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Fahie, Carleen. "Executive functioning and theory of mind in children with attention and disruptive behaviour problems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62343.pdf.
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Lafferty, Susan. "The Australian Digital Theses Program and the theory of disruptive technologies : a case study /." Electronic version, 2003. http://adt.lib.uts.edu.au/public/adt-NTSM20040714.170215/index.html.
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Mallett, Christopher. "A study of postsecondary competency-based education practices in the context of disruptive innovation theory." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10142057.
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The American public’s interests are well-served by a strong, effective postsecondary education system. And yet the industry’s predominant learning and service paradigm, one that credentials learning by measuring student’s time on task and that treats all learners largely the same from a pacing and a requirements perspective is inconsistent with the realities, circumstances, and expectations of 21st century students. Competency-based education, with its emphasis on the attainment of mastery through the measurement of learning, not time, and its focus on operational efficiency and effectiveness, has the potential to evolve and shape the postsecondary education industry by introducing simplicity, convenience, accessibility, and affordability where complication and high cost are the status quo.
The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory study was to understand and describe the competency-based education practices of American higher education institutions within the context of Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation. The practices and programs of eight institutions that offer accredited, competency-based certificate and degree programs were examined. An exploratory, qualitative review of publically available artifacts that describe the competency-based approaches employed by these eight institutions provided the primary data for this study. Prominent industry reports on competency-based education published from September 2014 through January 2016 were examined and are described. The researcher ’s professional responsibilities and observations while engaged in the design and delivery of competency-based programming also informed this study.
Specific characteristics, practices, and two distinct methods for the delivery of competency-based education were identified and are described. Consistent mission, tuition, and student demographic realities were found to exist among the examined institutions and are discussed. Variable findings related to program design practices, the nature of assessment, the role of faculty, and provider-specific outcomes emerged and are also presented. The current state of the practice was found to be consistent with Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation. The practice was further found to be workforce aligned but only minimally deployed within the postsecondary education industry. Characteristics of examined programs were found to be non-distinct. Program evaluation criteria and outcomes were determined to be unclear at this time.
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Strömberg, Joakim, and Philip Thorman. "Disruptive innovation theory in the paper- and packaging industry : Applying Clayton Christensen in a new context." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390836.
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The paper- and packaging industry has for a long time transitioned from a production-focused industry towards a customer-orientation – today the customers have become fundamental. Managers are searching for ways to create superior innovations in the industry which can compete against the oil-based solution, i.e. plastic. However, they face challenges as they attempt to launch products in the market. One exciting scholar who has researched much about the challenges of incumbent firms is Clayton Christensen and his theory of disruptive innovation. The theory has received much attention throughout the years and provides with a holistic literature framework to analyze the industry. The thesis aims to investigate Clayton Christensen’s disruptive innovation theory in order to problematize it in a new context, the paper- and packaging industry. This will be done by discussing how individuals argue, understand and use the term ‘disruptive innovation’ and also discuss Christensen’s Innovator’s Dilemma in relation to how incumbents tend to manage their innovation projects in the industry. The research used a qualitative research approach implementing one case study. Interviews with incumbent actors in the industry, one producer and two brand-owners, pertaining to an innovation project constituted for the empirical findings. The data analyzed through a theoretical lens of Christensen’s disruptive innovation theory. From an iterative process between theory and empirical findings the thesis has made the following contributions. First, we have problematized Christensen in a new context and identified an industry which is considered an anomaly in Christensen’s theory. The industry is unlikely to be subjected to the Innovator’s Dilemma due to its fundamentals as an industry, e.g. collaborations between actors and listening to customers. Second, our practical contribution is the importance of differentiating between sustaining and disruptive innovation, especially concerning radical and disruptive innovation. If an individual does not have a theoretical understanding of disruptive, it is common to be confused concerning the differences between radical and disruptive innovation. However, learning about the differences creates an opportunity to identify new ways of gaining value.
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Wang, Mei-Hui. "Disruptive behaviour among Taiwanese adolescents in maths and Chinese classrooms : does a combination of achievement goal theory and self-determination theory account for greater variance than either theory alone?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10019992/.
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Cheverko, Colleen Mary. "The Biological Impact of Developmental Stress in the Past: Correlations between Growth Disruptions and Mortality Risk in Bioarchaeology." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1529317204138671.
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Isola, Christine. "Women of Different Desires: Disrupting the “Barren Motif” in the Hebrew Bible." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/339454.
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ReligionM.A.
It is often left unquestioned that women in the Hebrew Bible desired children. Though this is highly probable, many scholars make the assumption that all women necessarily wanted children. Universalizing the desire for children reduces complex characters to stand-ins for a supposed motif. This also essentializes the role of a female character to that of child-bearer, when actually these women have many different roles. Furthermore, many scholars make the claim that having children is the only way for a woman to improve her status in ancient Near Eastern societies. Yet women did not always receive a change in status because of childbirth. Therefore, the reasons why women desire children are quite varied.
Temple University--Theses
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Edwards, Sally J. "Towards a queer design practice for menswear: Disrupting historical gender(Ed) narratives." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207307/1/Sally_Edwards_Thesis.pdf.
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This practice-led fashion project outlines the ways in which historical gendered narratives in the West are constructed in history and reinforced through fashion and dress by examining J. C. Flügel’s 1930 thesis ‘The Great Masculine Renunciation and its Causes.’ Flügel’s thesis identifies a moment of crystallisation for essentialist gender roles and their subsequent aesthetics and is used as a creative catalyst for practice. The project proposes a methodological framework to utilise queer methods in design practice and offers a case study for the application of these methods as a way of challenging norms of gender and class in fashion practice.
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Sánchez, Ares Rocío. "Latinx Women's Leadership: Disrupting Intersections of Gendered and Racialized “Illegality” in Contexts of Institutionalized Racism and Heteropatriarchy." Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108174.
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Thesis advisor: Leigh PatelDespite the 1982 Plyler v. Doe court decision, which upheld the constitutionality of undocumented youth having access to public K-12 education in the United States, Latina students who are undocumented face unique educational and societal barriers. Material and psychological conditions of “illegality” permeate these young women’s social worlds (Muñoz, 2015). Latina students continue to lag behind their Latino and white peers as a result of historically built gendered and raced school structures of dispossession (Cammarota, 2004; Fine & Ruglis, 2009). This institutional ethnography used the lens of intersectionality theory (Crenshaw, 1991; Collins, 1998) to examine how ten Latina students navigated “illegality” in schools, the state house, and an immigrant youth-led organization. Intersectional analyses of the Latinas’ multiple experiences within and across institutional structures shed light on the specific ways that “illegality” and heteropatriarchy manifested, changed or remained stagnant, interconnected with race and class, and how these junctures were negotiated in undocumented spaces of resistance. Based on intersectional analysis of policies, interview, and observation data, it became apparent how nationalistic discourses of citizenship were embedded in structures of white racism and heteropatriarchy. The Latinas of color in the study predominantly endured interlocking forms of gendered and racialized oppression, including sexual violence, which became a dimension of intersectional disempowerment that men of color and white women seldom confronted. Based on findings from interview and observation data, this institutional ethnography challenges gendered and raced nativist conceptions of U.S. citizenship, reclaiming pathways for undocumented communities as well as action-oriented educational policies, theories, and pedagogies rooted in intersectional frames aimed at decentering heteropatriarchal whiteness in the construction of the nation state (Collins, 1998), and more in accordance with the fluid, complex realities of interlocked global economies, local cultures, and transnational citizenry
Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2018
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction
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Suprano, Ilaria. "Étude de la connectivité cérébrale par IRM fonctionnelle et de diffusion dans l’intelligence." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1282.
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L'idée que l'intelligence s’appuie non seulement sur des régions spécifiques du cerveau, mais également sur des réseaux cérébraux efficaces s’est récemment affirmée. En effet, on pense que l'organisation du cerveau humain repose sur des réseaux complexes et dynamiques dans lesquels la communication entre les régions cérébrales garantit un transfert efficace d'informations. Ces concepts nous ont amené à explorer les bases neurales de l'intelligence en combinant des techniques avancées d'IRM et la théorie des graphes. D'un côté, les techniques avancées d'IRM, telles que l'IRM fonctionnelle au repos (IRMf-rs) et l'IRM par diffusion (IRMd), permettent d'explorer respectivement la connectivité cérébrale fonctionnelle et structurale, tandis que la théorie des graphes permettent la caractérisation des propriétés des réseaux à différentes échelles, grâce à des métriques globales et locales. L'objectif de cette thèse est de caractériser la topologie des réseaux cérébraux fonctionnels et structurels chez les enfants et les adultes avec un quotient intellectuel supérieur (HIQ) par rapport aux sujets de niveau standard (SIQ). Premièrement, nous avons concentré notre attention sur une population d’enfants présentant différentes caractéristiques cognitives. Deux profils HIQ, à savoir homogène (Hom-HIQ) et hétérogène HIQ (Het-HIQ), ont été définis sur la base d'observations cliniques et de sous-tests du quotient intellectuel (QI). En utilisant des techniques d’IRMf-rs, nous avons examiné la topologie du réseau fonctionnel par « l’indice de rupture de nœud ». Nous avons trouvé des différences topologiques significatives dans les propriétés d'intégration et de ségrégation des réseaux chez les enfants HIQ par rapport aux enfants SIQ, pour le graphe cérébral entier, pour chaque graphe hémisphérique et pour la connectivité homotopique. De plus, ces changements de topologie étaient plus prononcés dans le sous-groupe Het-HIQ. Enfin, nous avons trouvé des corrélations significatives entre les changements des métriques de graphes et le QI total et d’autres indices du QI. Ces résultats ont démontré pour la première fois que les deux profils HIQ sont liés à une organisation différente du substrat neuronal. Ensuite, la connectivité structurale du réseau cérébral, mesurée par IRMd chez l’ensemble des enfants HIQ, est significativement différente de celle des enfants SIQ. Nous avons également aussi de fortes corrélations entre la densité des réseaux cérébraux des enfants et leurs scores d'intelligence. De plus, plusieurs corrélations ont été trouvées entre les métriques de graphe d'intégration suggérant que les performances de l'intelligence peuvent être liées à une organisation homogène des réseaux. Ces résultats ont démontré que le substrat neuronal de l'intelligence repose sur une microarchitecture de la substance blanche de forte densité et sur une organisation homogène des réseaux. Cette population a finalement été étudiée par IRMf avec une tâche de mémorisation de mots. Des changements significatifs ont été observés entre les groupes HIQ et SIQ. Cette étude confirme notre hypothèse selon laquelle les deux profils HIQ sont caractérisés par une activité cérébrale différente, avec un effet plus prononcé chez les enfants Het-HIQ. Enfin, nous avons étudié la connectivité fonctionnelle et structurale dans une population d’adultes HIQ. Nous avons trouvé plusieurs corrélations entre les métriques de graphe et les autres indices du QI. De même que pour la population d’enfants, les capacités cognitives élevées des adultes sont corrélées à une organisation homogène des réseaux structurels et fonctionnels et une modularité réduite. En conclusion, on a démontré que la sensibilité des métriques de graphes basées sur des techniques 'IRM avancées et de connectivité, telles que l’IRMf-rs et l'IRMd, était très utile pour mieux caractériser les réseaux cérébraux des enfants et des adultes, ainsi que pour distinguer différents profils d'intelligence chez les enfantsThe idea that intelligence is embedded not only in specific brain regions, but also in efficient brain networks has grown up. Indeed, human brain organization is believed to rely on complex and dynamic networks in which the communication between cerebral regions guarantees an efficient transfer of information. These recent concepts have led us to explore the neural bases of intelligence using both advanced MRI techniques in combination with graph analysis. On one hand, advanced MRI techniques, such as resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) allow the exploration of respectively the functional and the structural brain connectivity while on the other hand, graph theory models allow the characterization of brain networks properties at different scales, thanks to global and local metrics. The aim of this thesis is to characterize the topology of functional and structural brain networks in children and in adults with an intelligence quotient higher (HIQ) than standard levels (SIQ). First, we focused our attention on a children population with different cognitive characteristics. Two HIQ profiles, namely homogeneous (Hom-HIQ) and heterogeneous HIQ (Het-HIQ), have been defined based on clinical observations and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) sub-tests. Using resting-state fMRI techniques, we examined the functional network topology changes, estimating the "hub disruption index", in these two HIQ profiles. We found significant topological differences in the integration and segregation properties of brain networks in HIQ compared to SIQ children, for the whole brain graph, for each hemispheric graph, and for the homotopic connectivity. These brain networks changes resulted to be more pronounced in Het-HIQ subgroup. Finally, we found significant correlations between the graph networks’ changes and the full-scale IQ, as well as some intelligence subscales. These results demonstrated for the first time, that different HIQ profiles are related to a different neural substrate organization. Then, the structural brain network connectivity, measured by dMRI in all HIQ children, were significantly different than in SIQ children. Also, we found strong correlations between the children brain networks density and their intelligence scores. Furthermore, several correlations were found between integration graph metrics suggesting that intelligence performances are probably related to a homogeneous network organization. These findings demonstrated that intelligence neural substrate is based on a strong white matter microarchitecture of the major fiber-bundles and a well-balanced network organization between local and global scales. This children population was finally studied using a memory-word task of fMRI. Significant changes were observed between both HIQ and SIQ groups. This study confirms our hypothesis that both HIQ profiles are characterized by a different brain activity, with stronger evidences in Het-HIQ children. Finally, we investigated both functional and structural connectivity in a population of adults HIQ. We found several correlations between graph metrics and intelligence sub-scores. As well as for the children population, high cognitive abilities of adults seem to be related brain structural and functional networks organization with a decreased modularity. In conclusion, the sensitivity of graph metrics based on advanced MRI techniques, such as rs-fMRI and dMRI, was demonstrated to be very helpful to provide a better characterization of children and adult HIQ, and further, to distinguish different intelligence profiles in children
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Farnell, Edward John. "Cloning, disruption and characterisation of Aspergillus fumigatus allergen proteases and their effect on airway epithelial cells." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cloning-disruption-and-characterisation-of-aspergillus-fumigatus-allergen-proteases-and-their-effect-on-airway-epithelial-cells(cee1b5be-76cd-477c-bdb8-bdaa945d4e02).html.
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Allergen proteases from a number sources including the filamentous fungus A. fumigatus, are thought to be important in the development of severe asthma through protease dependent interactions with the respiratory epithelium. The first aim of the thesis was to determine the effect of a variety of growth substrates on the secretion of proteases from different strains of A. fumigatus. The second aim was to investigate the effects of recombinant allergen proteases Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 expressed in the P. pastoris protein expression system and crude A. fumigatus culture supernatants on airway epithelial cells and determine whether protease induced interleukin 8 (IL-8) release from airway epithelial cells was dependent on the activation of protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2).Results demonstrated that the AF293 strain of A. fumigatus secreted serine proteases during growth on pig lung homogenate medium and metalloproteases during growth on a casein based medium but suppressed protease secretion in Vogel's minimal medium. Analysis of the secretion and RNA levels of proteases in A. fumigatus showed that the matrix metalloprotease, Asp f 5 and the serine protease, Asp f 13 were up-regulated and secreted during growth in pig lung medium and that the matrix metalloprotease, Lap1 was up-regulated and secreted along with Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 in casein medium. This finding was confirmed using protease inhibitors and by using strains of A. fumigatus in which Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 genes were disrupted. These results suggest that A. fumigatus was able to detect different complex proteins available as substrates in its environment and regulate protease secretion accordingly. Furthermore, in several strains of A. fumigatus, protease activity was not suppressed by growth in Vogel's medium, suggesting differences in the regulation of protease secretion between strains. Both A. fumigatus culture supernatants and recombinant Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 produced in P. pastoris caused epithelial airway cell desquamination, and IL-8 release in a protease and dose-dependent manner. In addition, both recombinant Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 were both shown to cleave PAR-2 at a site that resulted in receptor activation.In conclusion, differences in the secretion of proteases between A. fumigatus strains and during growth of A. fumigatus on different media suggests a requirement for the standardisation of the preparation of A. fumigatus allergen extracts used both in clinical diagnosis of A. fumigatus allergy and in vitro and in vivo research studies. Furthermore, it is proposed that allergen proteases secreted by A. fumigatus may interact with a variety of host proteins including, matrix molecules, enzymes and receptors which may exacerbate allergic airway diseases.
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Greening, Philip. "The influence of market structure, collaboration and price competition on supply network disruptions in open and closed markets." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8473.
Full textAbstract:
The relaxation of international boundaries has enabled the globalisation of
markets making available an ever increasing number of specialised suppliers
and markets. Inevitably this results in supply chains sharing suppliers and
customers reflected in a network of relationships.
Within this context firms buyers configure their supply relationships based on
their perception of supply risk. Risk is managed by either increasing trust or
commitment or by increasing the number of suppliers. Increasing trust and
commitment facilitates collaboration and reduces the propensity for a supplier to
exit the relationship. Conversely, increasing the number of suppliers reduces
dependency and increases the ease of making alternative supply
arrangements.
The emergent network of relationships is dynamic and complex, and due in no
small part to the influence of inventory management practices, tightly coupled.
This critical organization of the network describes a system that contrary to
existing supply chain conceptualisation exists far from equilibrium, requiring a
different more appropriate theoretical lens through which to view them.
This thesis adopts a Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) perspective to position
supply networks as tightly coupled complex systems which according to Normal
Accident Theory (NAT) are vulnerable to disruptions as a consequence of
normal operations. The consequential boundless and emergent nature of supply
networks makes them difficult to research using traditional empirical methods,
instead this research builds a generalised supply network agent based
computer model, allowing network constituents (agents) to take autonomous
parallel action reflecting the true emergent nature of supply networks.
This thesis uses the results from a series of carefully designed computer
experiments to elucidate how supply networks respond to a variety of market
structures and permitted agent behaviours. Market structures define the vertical
(between tier) and horizontal (within tier) levels of price differentiation. Within
each structure agents are permitted to autonomously modify their prices
(constrained by market structure) and collaborate by sharing demand
information.
By examining how supply networks respond to different permitted agent
behaviours in a range of market structures this thesis makes 4 contributions.
Firstly, it extends NAT by incorporating the adaptive nature of supply network
constituents. Secondly it extends supply chain management by specifying
supply networks as dynamic not static phenomena. Thirdly it extends supply
chain risk management through developing an understanding of the impact
different permitted behaviour combinations on the networks vulnerability to
disruptions in the context of normal operations. Finally by developing the
understanding how normal operations impact a supply networks vulnerability to
disruptions it informs the practice of supply chain risk management.
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Cormier, Brandie. "Attachment theory and art therapy : indications of attachment in the art therapy of two children with disruptive behavior disorders." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0016/MQ47742.pdf.
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Studts, Christina R., Jodi Polaha, and Zyl Michiel A. van. "Identifying Unbiased Items for Screening Preschoolers for Disruptive Behavior Problems." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6740.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Efficient identification and referral to behavioral services are crucial in addressing early-onset disruptive behavior problems. Existing screening instruments for preschoolers are not ideal for pediatric primary care settings serving diverse populations. Eighteen candidate items for a new brief screening instrument were examined to identify those exhibiting measurement bias (i.e., differential item functioning, DIF) by child characteristics. Method: Parents/guardians of preschool-aged children (N = 900) from four primary care settings completed two full-length behavioral rating scales. Items measuring disruptive behavior problems were tested for DIF by child race, sex, and socioeconomic status using two approaches: item response theory-based likelihood ratio tests and ordinal logistic regression. Results: Of 18 items, eight were identified with statistically significant DIF by at least one method. Conclusions: The bias observed in 8 of 18 items made them undesirable for screening diverse populations of children. These items were excluded from the new brief screening tool.
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Syme, Neil. "Uncanny modalities in post-1970s Scottish fiction : realism, disruption, tradition." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21768.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses critical conceptions of Scottish literary development in the twentieth-century which inscribe realism as both the authenticating tradition and necessary telos of modern Scottish writing. To this end I identify and explore a Scottish ‘counter-tradition’ of modern uncanny fiction. Drawing critical attention to techniques of modal disruption in the works of a number of post-1970s Scottish writers gives cause to reconsider that realist teleology while positing a range of other continuities and tensions across modern Scottish literary history. The thesis initially defines the critical context for the project, considering how realism has come to be regarded as a medium of national literary representation. I go on to explore techniques of modal disruption and uncanny in texts by five Scottish writers, contesting ways in which habitual recourse to the realist tradition has obscured important aspects of their work. Chapter One investigates Ali Smith’s reimagining of ‘the uncanny guest’. While this trope has been employed by earlier Scottish writers, Smith redesigns it as part of a wider interrogation of the hyperreal twenty-first-century. Chapter Two considers two texts by James Robertson, each of which, I argue, invokes uncanny techniques familiar to readers of James Hogg and Robert Louis Stevenson in a way intended specifically to suggest concepts of national continuity and literary inheritance. Chapter Three argues that James Kelman’s political stance necessitates modal disruption as a means of relating intimate individual experience. Re-envisaging Kelman as a writer of the uncanny makes his central assimilation into the teleology of Scottish realism untenable, complicating the way his work has been positioned in the Scottish canon. Chapter Four analyses A.L. Kennedy’s So I Am Glad, delineating a similarity in the processes of repetition which result in both uncanny effects and the phenomenon of tradition, leading to Kennedy’s identification of an uncanny dimension in the concept of national tradition itself. Chapter Five considers the work of Alan Warner, in which the uncanny appears as an unsettling sense of significance embedded within the banal everyday, reflecting an existentialism which reaches beyond the national. In this way, I argue that habitual recourse to an inscribed realist tradition tends to obscure the range, complexity and instability of the realist techniques employed by the writers at issue, demonstrating how national continuities can be productively accommodated within wider, pluralistic analytical approaches.
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Bhana, Kamal. "Evaluating the impact of whole-class self-management and interdependent group contingency approaches on pupil engagement and disruptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44943/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the efficacy of two whole-class approaches to classroom management, self-management and interdependent group contingency, in a sample of 8-9 year olds in the UK. Phase A investigates which approach is most effective in reducing off-task and disruptive behaviours in target lessons, and in improving behaviour in general. Phase B investigates whether combining the approaches further reduces off-task and disruptive behaviour, and improves general behaviour. The research employed a quasi-experimental design. In Phase A, pupils were allocated to one of four conditions: self-management (n=30), interdependent group contingency (n=29), waitlist control receiving daily rule reminders (n=28), or a waitlist control who continued as usual (n=26). The approaches were delivered by class teachers over four-weeks. In Phase B, the class receiving self-management in Phase A, received interdependent group contingency as well, for a further four weeks. The waitlist control group continued as per Phase A. Pre- and post-test measures for both phases were obtained through structured observations of whole-class on-task, off-task and disruptive behaviours. Teachers also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for each pupil. Findings indicated that self-management and interdependent group contingency reduced off-task behaviour, however only interdependent group contingency reduced disruptive behaviour. Combining the approaches led to no further reductions in these behaviours. SDQ data suggested that self-management, either alone or combined with interdependent group contingency, had no significant impact on general behaviour. However, interdependent group contingency alone, appeared to lead to greater general behaviour concerns. The findings are reviewed in light of the literature with limitations acknowledged. Avenues for future research are also identified. In conclusion, this research presents tentative evidence supporting the efficacy of these individual approaches for off-task and/or disruptive behaviour. Findings that the combined approach is not efficacious and that neither approach improves general behaviour, should be interpreted cautiously given the study’s limitations.
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Warshawsky, David. "A system of systems flexibility framework: A method for evaluating designs that are subjected to disruptions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54277.
Full textAbstract:
As systems become more interconnected, the focus of engineering design must shift
to include consideration for systems of systems (SoS) e ects. As the focus shifts from
singular systems to systems of systems, so too must the focus shift from performance
based analysis to an evaluation method that accounts for the tendency of such large
scale systems to far outlive their original operational environments and continually
evolve in order to adapt to the changes. It is nearly impossible to predict the nature
of these changes, therefore the rst focus of this thesis is the measurement of
the
exibility of the SoS and its ability to evolve and adapt. Flexibility is measured
using a combination of network theory and a discrete event simulation, therefore,
the second focus is the development of a simulation environment that can also measure
the system's performance for baseline comparisons. The results indicate that
simulated
exibility is related to the performance and cost of the SoS and is worth
measuring during the design process. The third focus of this thesis is to reduce the
computational costs of SoS design evaluation by developing heuristics for
exibility.
This was done by developing a network model to correspond with the discrete event
simulation and evaluating network properties using graph theory. It was shown that
the network properties can correlate with simulated
exibility. In such cases it was
shown that the heuristics could be used in connection with an evolutionary algorithm
to rapidly search the design space for good solutions. The entire methodology was
demonstrated on a multi-platform maintenance planning problem in connection with
the Navy Hardware Open System Technologies initiative.
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Bird, Peter William. "Potentially disruptive IS innovation in UK higher education institutions : an actor-network theory analysis of the embedding of m-learning." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2014. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/332166/.
Full textAbstract:
The use of mobile devices to support students’ learning experiences is a growing area of interest in higher education (Wankel & Blessinger, 2013). This study adopts an ‘umbrella’ term of m-learning to consider the use of mobile and wireless technologies to support students in a blended learning environment. Whilst m-learning pedagogy has received considerable attention (e.g. Attewell, 2005, Sharples et. al. 2007, Kukulska-Hulme, 2012), the process of adopting this potentially disruptive innovation within universities has been neglected. This study addresses this gap by attempting to answer the research question: How do university organizations (business models, modes of operation, people and processes) adapt to a potentially disruptive innovation like m-learning and what factors and working practices support or hinder embedding? Possible frameworks for studying innovation are reviewed, including Rogers’ innovation diffusion framework (Rogers, 1962), Actor-Network Theory (Latour, 2005) , Activity Theory ngestr m 1987), Structuration Theory (Giddens, 1984), theories of disruptive innovation (Christensen, 1997) and the Technology Acceptance Model (Venkatesh and Davis, 2000), Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is chosen as the most promising theoretical lens for an in-depth investigation of m-learning embedding, and a participative fieldwork approach is developed that uses Law and Callon’s ANT notion of ‘points of passage’ between local and global networks (Law and Callon, 1991) to illuminate factors and working practices that affect embedding. A framework based on Law and Callon’s work is developed through a year-long study of competing text messaging projects within a university and developed further through a three-year, longitudinal case study involving five universities using smartphone applications to assess students in medical practice situations. Several institutional issues are identified that help or hinder embedding, such as fragmentation of IT strategy and decision-making, and the need to provide students with a compelling offer of multiple institutional services on their mobiles. The role of people and artefacts in forming a link, or ‘point of passage’ between m-learning projects ‘local networks’) and institutional IT strategies and services ‘global networks’) is found to be of central interest for understanding processes of embedding. A clear path to an ANT analysis is demonstrated starting from interview and observation data, using coding techniques borrowed from grounded theory (Schatzman and Strauss, 1973) and finishing with Law and Callon’s local-global network model, which is used to compare and contrast embedding trajectories of the case study institutions. Systematic comparison enables a three dimensional model of embedding trajectories to be built, which extends Law and Callon’s work and places in sharper focus the importance of establishing a path by which local initiatives can be evaluated strategically and, where appropriate, incorporated in a timely manner into a university’s IT strategy. Grounded in extensive longitudinal research, the study offers a contribution to methodology through its demystification of ANT; a contribution to theory through its three dimensional model for mapping embedding trajectories; and a contribution to practice by highlighting specific issues that affect mobile technology adoption in higher education, such as having a compelling, multi-service offer, appropriate mobile tariffs for undertaking mandatory assessment and guidelines for incorporating knowledge gained from technology experiments into institutional strategies and decision-making. The study concludes by highlighting opportunities for using its model to explore challenges of embedding faced not only by formal projects but by ‘maverick’ innovators and for potentially disruptive technologies other than m-learning, such as Web 2.0 services.
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Abousaber, Inam. "WiMax technology adoption by SMEs in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7169.
Full textAbstract:
This research focuses on developing a framework for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) technology adoption by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). WiMax has emerged as a technology to overcome the limitations of traditional and existing broadband technologies and support a great number of organisations and consumers/citizens in providing a higher speed over substantial distances i.e. in areas that are difficult for wired infrastructure to reach. Despite all the interest in the types of broadband adoption as demonstrated by SMEs in several countries, there seems to be slow progress and lack of information supporting the decision making process for WiMax technology adoption by SMEs specifically in the context of KSA. This may illustrate that SMEs adopt WiMax technology solutions at a slower pace and make them characterised as laggards in terms of new technologies adoption. This research takes into consideration this literature gap and makes a step forward and investigates on WiMax technology adoption by SMEs in KSA with an organisational cultural view, vendors’ commercialisation strategies and government policies by analysing the normative literature related to this research. The data collection of this study was carried out in two phases including quantitative and qualitative approaches. The first phase of the research provided results indicated that, the Saudi SMEs who participated in this research are strongly dominated by clan culture and adhocracy culture. These cultures also have a positive impact on the Internet technologies adoption such as WiMax by SMEs. It is found that, the combination of clan and adhocracy cultures in Saudi SMEs is making them more likely to adopt latest Internet technologies. In the second phase, the results showed a wide difference in views among SMEs, WiMax vendors and government agencies involved in WiMax technology diffusion to SMEs in Saudi Arabia. Although WiMax technology started as an innovation that has the potential to be disruptive and could replace the widely diffused fixed wire line Internet connection, the research findings showed an interesting deviation from this path. In particular, the WiMax technology market analysis in Saudi Arabia highlighted the vendors’ tendency to treat WiMax technology as a sustaining innovation. Research findings also indicated that, the Saudi government provided funds for Information and Communications Technology‘s diffusion in the country. However, the level of awareness displayed by SMEs is persistently low. Knowledge deployment, mobilisation, innovation directive and subsidy have been emphasised by SMEs as the most important government interventions that might have an impact on WiMax adoption by them. Finally, further important issues have been uncovered by the research such as taxation, experience exchange, herd culture/bandwagon, consumer right protection and customer service in relation to the adoption of WiMax by SMEs. The perceived future prospect of these additional issues has been considered as an influence on adoption of WiMax technology by SMEs. The findings of this research can be useful to guide analysts and researchers in determining critical aspects of the complex issues involved in technologies adoption, and lead to suggestions for further valid research.
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Grasic, Samo. "Development and Deployment of Delay Tolerant Networks: An Arctic Village Case." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16919.
Full textAbstract:
In the late 1990s, NASA conducted a study of the Interplanetary Internet (IPN) architecture. In order to build and deploy IPN infrastructure, the network technology had to be able to cope with long radio signal propagation delays and frequent radio link disruptions. The concept of a Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) emerged after recognizing that such a networking paradigm can also be applicable for terrestrial use. DTN technology can be applied, for instance, in disaster situations, military battlefields, economically developing areas, and remote regions.This thesis follows the process of applying DTN technology to a remote, communication-challenged area in the Arctic part of Sweden. The aim of the DTN deployments in the remote villages of Sarek and Padjelanta National Parks, between 2008 and 2011, was to provide a basic set of ICT services to the nomadic Sami population. Therefore, the research presented here acknowledges and considers the specific geographical, technical, and cultural conditions of these areas, and how these conditions profoundly shaped the development of the deployed technology as well as the research methodology. As a result, this thesis makes scientific contributions to several research topics, spanning the fields of DTN routing, DTN service development, DTN evaluation methodologies, and ICT deployments.The first contribution in this thesis is the proposal of a new and improved version of the PRoPHETv2 routing protocol. The development of this routing protocol was driven by actual protocol use and the results of experiments conducted during the course of the DTN deployments.Secondly, this thesis proposes an alternative DTN routing objective for a typical remote village DTN scenario. Weaknesses of a conventional DTN routing research objective are exposed by outlining concrete geographical, social, and technical conditions discovered in DTN deployments on the field. When these conditions are overlooked, they can profoundly affect DTN deployments.Thirdly, this thesis discusses the development and deployment of the Not-So-Instant-Messaging (NSIM) DTN service. The NSIM service was designed to leverage from the decentralized DTN infrastructure. Its success in the field demonstrates the importance of localized DTN services. Fourthly, using qualitative reading of DTN routing related papers, this thesis describes shortcomings of established DTN routing evaluation methodologies. Extensive use of simulated environments and scarce real-world experiments in the DTN research field often leads to usage of specific hypothetical scenarios. These scenarios are difficult to compare or relate to each other. Additionally, DTN research that does contextualize itself in remote, extreme, and challenging scenarios performs evaluations of proposed routing schemes in urban or academic environments. The DTN evaluation model that is proposed here tries to improve the readability, comparability, and validity of DTN routing evaluations. This thesis also pays attention to the issue of how to evaluate the complex interplay that occurs between researchers, users, technology and environment throughout the deployment process. The suggested method highlights the dynamics of resistance, as conceptualized within Actor Network Theory (ANT). It illustrates how employment of the concept of resistance facilitates the recognition of different driving forces in the design process that emerge from the events in the deployment.Ultimately, the thesis contributes with the PRoPHET routing protocol specification in the "Request for Comments" (RFC) document series that is the official publication channel for the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) and other Internet communities. The protocol specification published as the RFC6693 document allows for actual protocol implementation and assures interoperability. The discussion that follows the RFC document in this thesis focuses on the process of transferring scientific findings gained from the experiments on the deployment field into the Internet draft document that was finally recognized as an experimental RFC within the IRTF.Godkänd; 2014; 20140407 (samo); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Samo Grasic Ämne: Arbetsvetenskap/Human Work Science Avhandling: Development and Deployment of Delay Tolerant Networks: An Arctic Village Case Opponent: Professor Lars Wolf, Institut für Betriebssysteme und Rechneverbund, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Tyskland Ordförande: Docent Maria Udén, Avd för arbetsvetenskap, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Måndag den 12 maj 2014, kl 10.00 Plats: A109, Luleå tekniska universitet För Tekniska fakultetsnämnden
Networking for Communications Challenged Communities: Architecture, Test Beds and Innovative Alliances
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Charles, Franklyn W. "Disruptive Technology in Sound Clash Culture: Narratives of Technological Adoptions and Performance in Competition." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1565706604776981.
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Gomes, Rafael, and Sema Seyfi Osman. "Managing Organizational Adoption of IoT : Revisiting Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-398123.
Full textAbstract:
As a disruptive innovation, IoT has been creating a high impact over organizations’ current strategies and business models. This continuous process of change will have an increasing influence on how organizations and industries as a whole conduct their businesses, and is set to have an active role towards the development of entirely new business models and markets. With the development of IoT technologies, and its predicted exponential spread across all sectors of society, one can conclude that the future holds many opportunities for organizations looking to explore new ways of capturing and creating value, but at the same time there are also plenty of challenges to be addressed. While the diffusion and adoption process of IoT has been an ongoing phenomenon over the past decade, there is still not much certitude as to how organizations ought to adjust in order to successfully integrate IoT technologies in their structure and operations. In parallel fashion, there have also been many difficulties in ensuring that different smart, connected devices and ecosystems are able to effectively communicate between each other, as achieving interoperability has become one of the major concerns associated with IoT. The main focus of this study is to analyze the process of how organizations are currently integrating IoT within their businesses, while also investigating causes that hinder interoperability, and evaluating the future potential deployment of the Open IoT ecosystems in companies. For our research we have followed a case-study approach where we conducted semi-structured interviews with managers and project leaders from two organizations conducting pilot studies on Green IoT and Open IoT, and where one has been adopting IoT technologies in its business. Theoretically, we draw on a framework by combining Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and Christensen’s theory of Disruptive Innovations in order to analyze the integration of IoT into businesses’ core structure. The research goes through a functional framework that outlines the process of IoT adoption while also presenting the present challenges that are faced by the actors in the industry and the key enablers for successful IoT integration.