Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dissonance (Psychologie)'
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Raymondo, Valérie. "Soumission, dissonance et rationalisation en acte." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10022.
Full textSignol, Caroline. "Influence sociale et dissonance cognitive : contribution a la theorie de l'elaboration du conflit." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20053.
Full textAccording to the conflict elaboration theory (perez et mugny, 1993), indirect majority influence results from a personnal elaboration of conflict, by the mean of a validation process. We present two experiments, using a non ambiguous objective task, defined by the conflict elaboration theory, which tests a different hypothesis : indirect majority influence would be the result of a dissonance due to a social disagreement reduction or the result of a post-decision dissonance reduction, resulting from the conflicting choices that the subjects must take in an influence situation (to adopt the source's responses or to keep their own ones). These choices produce dissonance because each of the alternatives are both related to negative cognitive elements and positive cognitive elements. In these two experiments, several variables are operationnalised (among them, denial and the opportunity for the subjects to express themself on the direct dimension during the influence phase). The first experiment confirms the hypothesis related to the post-decision dissonance and invalidates the hypothesis related to the dissonance due to a social disagreement. The second experiment, operationnalizing independance and interdependance contexts, supports the post-decision dissonance explanation. These two experiments confirm the hypothesis related to the post-decision dissonance, and bring some new informations about the validation process. We knew what were the conditions of appearance of the validation process : the reason why it starts up is now explained by a dissonance reduction. Moreover, our results bring some new informations about denial, showing the impact of two others variables (direct expression vs no direct expression and independance vs interdependance contexts) on it
Denizeau, Maxime. "Le déni de responsabilité : une nouvelle voie de réduction de la dissonance cognitive." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100104.
Full textThe existence of denial of responsibility as a mode of dissonance reduction were explored in seven experiments. Six experiments tested the effects of contextual factors (the order of presentation of the two modes of reduction, delayed assessment) on the use of the modes of reduction, in particular the denial of responsibility. The seventh experiment tested and supported the hypothesis that denial of responsibility reduces the negative affective state induced by dissonance. The mechanism of denial of responsibility in dissonance reduction is discussed
Lefeuvre, Régis. "Rationalisation et contrat expérimental en situation de double soumission." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10039.
Full textCiccotti, Serge. "Impacts des affects sur les activités socio-cognitives : recherche expérimentale sur les antécédents motivationnels et contingences cognitives." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100078.
Full textMangard, Corinne. "Explication causale et changement d'attitude : nouvelles variables prédictives." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10056.
Full textVaidis, David Cyril Fabien. "Degré d’Inconsistance, Engagement et Information : Ré-Explorations dans le Champ de la Dissonance Cognitive." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100157.
Full text[…] This thesis intends to re-explore 50 years of experiments and theorizations on cognitive dissonance. The original formulation of the theory was confronted with the main theoretical reformulations, particularly those supporting behavioral commitment as a necessary condition. Three key hypotheses were formulated: (a) the magnitude of dissonance is a function of the importance of the involved cognitions; (b) an external commitment is not necessary for the dissonance arousal; (c) exposure to discrepant information is sufficient to generate cognitive dissonance without requiring an explicit behavior. The designed experiments support these hypotheses. […]Collectively, the results suggest that an external explicit commitment is not necessary for the arousal of dissonance, and that a strong discrepancy allows effects of dissonance with no commitment. Finally, using psychological discomfort measures, the three designed experiments in the framework of exposure to discrepant information confirm that one piece of information discrepant with an established cognition is sufficient to arouse cognitive dissonance, even without external commitment. In this latter approach, we suggest a distinction between on one hand, behavioural dissonance, and on the other hand, informational dissonance. To conclude, our results support the original formulation of cognitive dissonance theory and assert that an appropriate use of methodology assure that discrepancy between two cognitions is a sufficient and necessary condition for dissonance arousal. The current conception of commitment within dissonance theory is also discussed and we offer several suggestions for future researches
Villeneuve, Anaudin Virginie. "Dissonance du rêve et de la réalité : enjeux et stratégies publicitaires." La Réunion, 2005. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/05_09_VVille.pdf.
Full textIt is frequent that consumers do not buy what they dream about. It results a dissonance that can carry prejudice to firms. The firm that sells without being idealized exposes to disloyalty and complaints. The idealized firm that does not sell, encounters economic difficulties. The advertisement, because of its symbolic dimension is particularly concerned by management of this problem. The thesis focuses on the optimal advertising speech allowing to reduce the dissonance. It leans on the speech of consumers such that is expressed by its means-end chains. A clustering analysis allows to identify advertising speeches that conciliate dream and reality. Factors determining this conciliation are researched. The empirical study led in the area of the automobile reveals that the personnality and the age are significant factors of dissonance. Theoretical and managerial implications of these results are discussed
Lecrique, Jean-Michel. "L’inconfort psychologique médiatise-t-il les effets de dissonance ? : limites de la stratégie de mesure de l’inconfort basée sur les affects auto-rapportés et proposition d’une stratégie de mesure implicite de l’inconfort." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100158.
Full textThe purpose of the present work was to demonstrate that psychological discomfort is the mediator of dissonance effects (Festinger, 1957). We present ten experiments in order to test this hypothesis in the induced compliance paradigm (Festinger & Carlsmith, 1959). First, we have built a new scale of self-reported affects devoted to measure the dissonant subjects’ discomfort (pilot study). The first five experiments indicate that this scale, -because reactive-, doesn’t allow us to show that discomfort mediates the use of attitude change. This scale undermines attitude change for highly dissonant subjects. In the sixth experiment, we show that this scale reactivity can be applied generally to the scales using self-reported affects (e. G. , Elliot & Devine, 1994). We postulate that initial attitude of highly dissonant subjects is made salient by these scales. Nevertheless, when initial attitude is previously made salient, this measure strategy allows us to show that discomfort mediates the use of behavior trivialization (experiment 7). In the last three experiments, we propose a cognitive procedure that provides an implicit measure of discomfort. Thanks to that implicit measure based on a subliminal priming technique, we demonstrate that psychological discomfort really mediates the use of attitude change (experiment 8 and 10) and rationalization in act (experiment 9)
Dequerd, Pavin Christiane. "Le paradigme des grandes vacances : rationalisation versus consistance cognitive chez des enfants placés en situation de soumission forcée." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29042.
Full textThis work comes in line with beauvois and joule's research (1981) derived from the theory of cognitive dissonance (festinger, 1957) and is focused on the study, in short and long terms conditions, of the cognitive dynamics at the time of dissonance reduction. Starting from the central hypothesis that dissonance reduction cannot be the reduction of all the inconsistencies but may generate some unbalance, the objects was ti identify conjointly the evalutive modifications subsequent to a problematic behaviour (writing a counterattitudinal essay in favour of the reduction of the time of summer holidays) and the repercussions of these modifications. The work is structureds around three studies conducted in elementary school (10-11 years old) and the results, globally, allow to understand better the specificity of the dissonance reduction process : the attitude change, when it is reducing the dissonance, is not accompanied by conjointly cognitive modifications in the same direction, even at long term. They invalide the classic interpretation in terms of consistency considering the post-experimental evaluative change as the consequence of cognitive changes
Sanquirgo, Nathalie. "Se soumettre ou se démettre : les vicissitudes de la reconduction idéologique." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100121.
Full textThe main purpose of our thesis is to question the eighth proposition of the radical dissonance theory. It states that the attitude change, normally observed following the freely chosen discrepant act's realization, is supposed to appear when the relation established between the experimenter and the subjects, is asymmetric rather than symmetric. Conceiving that the attitude change's function is to maintain the illusion of autonomy especially for subjects sharing the self conception of being self-determined, we have tested the impact of the interpersonal need for control within the induced compliance paradigm. Need for control captured by the domain specific need for control scale (Marsh et al. , under review), which we validate in French, appears to moderate the attitude change process except when the experimenter is perceived as an authority requiring the subjects to write counterattitudinal arguments
Kreel-Miège, Valérie. "La question de la spontanéité du mode de réduction de la dissonance cognitive : changement d'attitude, explication, trivialisation." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100149.
Full textThese researchs were conducted to test the hypotheis that when we introduce a breaking element of obeiance's script in forced complïance situation subjects spontaneously get involved in a causal activity. The results show that explanations about feedback and explanations following on an unexpected event have not effect on rationalization measure. We conclude that in some circumstances causal process spontaneously occur in forced compliance situation. On the other hand, the results suggest that explanations commit subjects or that explanations and attitude change are both rationalization process. According to this interpretation, subjects want to be consistents, so they restore sens of the behavior via explanations and they restore value of the behavior via the attitude change
Halimi-Falkowicz, Séverine. "Statut des cognitions d'engagement dans le paradigme de la soumission forcée : Quand les cognitions d'engagement sont consistantes ou insconsistantes avec la cognition génératrice." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10102.
Full textBalez, Ralph. "Pygmalion au laboratoire : contribution à la modélisation de l'influence implicite des attentes théoriques de l'expérimentateur sur les participants." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100193.
Full textThe researcher's expectations, and his/her explicit and implicit behaviour combine to form a certain definition of the experimental situation. The researcher may transmit his/her theoretical expectations to the subjects of his/her research during the course of an experiment. The subjects may be susceptible to reconstructing these perceived demands and behave in ways that confirm them. This phenomenon is currently referred to as either confirmation bias, researcher's effect, or the "Pygmalion effect". This thesis is a critical presentation of the theories and studies developed by some social psychologists. We focus on the relationship established between the researcher and the participant. We analyze the experimental situation through the study of its three components: context, topic and researcher (Lemaine, 1975). We subsequently use three kinds of basic precautions to limit the manner in which this artefact could be integrated into the research protocol. The investigation before/after, and the initial and formal steps method are explained and discussed here. These methods apply to all experimental situations that involve interaction between a researcher and each participant. The various elements are synthesized in an operating model called "EMIR", which proposes to use a meta-experiment in order to study "the researcher's effect", not as a bias but as a separate psychological phenomenon. Next, we present five empirical studies of this phenomenon. We conclude this thesis by questioning the psychosocial role of the researcher in the experimental situation. To approach this question we rely on the contributions of the meta-experiment problematics
Pittau, Marina. "Test d'un nouveau cas de double soumission : le cas des comportements neutres." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10049.
Full textBrousse-Tricoire, Elodie. "Rester anonyme ou décliner son identité dans le paradigme de l'hypocrisie induite." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3025.
Full textAronson, E., Fried, C., Stone, J., (1991) sought to establish a procedure allowing the actors of society to promote new socially desirable behaviors such as condom use. Thus is born the paradigm of the induced hypocrisy.This paradigm results from a chain of two factors: engagement in pro-normative behavior and recall and salience recent past transgressions. The articulation of the two phases causes a state of dissonance that will generate a change in behavior in the direction of pro-normative discourse. In this thesis, we sought to demonstrate how the paradigm of the induced hypocrisy is the most efficient in terms of behavior modification: remaining anonymous or stating his identity. In a study done by Fried (1998), subjects are identified with their transgressions by declining their identity. This was to increase dissonance. However, the results have shown otherwise.This thesis presents four experiments, taking one hand manipulation of the factor "version of its identity" in the experimental procedure paradigm induced hypocrisy, not only for the transgression phase but also in the phase of preaching. And secondly, introducing new ways of reducing cognitive dissonance.The results obtained replicate in terms of behavior change, those obtained by Fried. The hypocrisy effect disappears when subjects are identified with their recall of transgressions. It is clear from our work that the most effective formula to obtain the effect of hypocrisy is by combining a sermon and a reminder anonymous transgressions. Our studies also show that the dissonance aroused from manipulating hypocrisy can be reduced by means other than behavior modification
Marchand, Marie. "La procédure du leure : études expérimentales et options théoriques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10078.
Full textSoucy, Martin. "Dissonance cognitive chez les investisseurs dans le contexte du krach boursier 2008-2009." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28073/28073.pdf.
Full textGonzalez, Emilie. "Quand questionner influence : processus sous-jacents et explications théoriques de l'effet question-comportement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0262/document.
Full textQuestioning people toward a behavior makes this behavior more likely to be performed. Three possible explanations of this question-behavior effect have been investigated in nine experiments: a normative, an attitudinal and a motivational explanation. Four studies tested the normative explanation. Only one of them shows results attesting that people perform the target behavior after questions to avoid cognitive dissonance. Three more experiments brought results supporting the implication of an accessibility (mediator) process in the question-behavior effect. Moreover, the attitude was decisive in the occurrence of the effect. The motivational explanation has been tested with two experiments who did not provide the expected results. The assumption was that questioning activates the goal of performing the behavior with goal pursuit consequences (i.e., implicit motivation and accessibility of the goal-related information). Results have been summarized with meta-analysis and discussed with the aim of improving the understanding of the question-behavior effect
Gremillet, Martine. "La soumission forcée : changement d'attitude et résistance au changement." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10038.
Full textDal, Santo Letizia. "The nurse-patient emotional interaction in quality of work life: the role of empathie and emotional dissonance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/301828/4/TESI_VF.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Perrissol, Stéphane. "Exposition sélective appliquée aux objets alcool et tabac : influence de la structure et de la mesure de l'attitude." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20036.
Full textAccording to selective exposure's theory, people tend to expose themselves to consonant information and to avoid discrepant ones (Festinger, 1957). However, many studies do not succeed in highlighting dissonant informations avoidance. Three explanation have been proposed. The first one assumes the existence of many factors that could moderate or modulate the relation between attitude and exposure. The second one do not agree with the existence of these processes and reduces them to a simple context effect. At least, the third one postulates that contradictory results come from measures. This work mainly deals with this last alternative. It explores the structure of attitude and uses different measures (attitude and behavior questionnaires, implicit measure). Furthermore, many new selective exposure measures are elaborated. Finally, all the experiments deal with alcohol and tobacco and allow us to gather information on the real impact of advertising and prevention for these hot topics
Doridot, Jean. "Le rôle du soi et d'autrui dans les processus d'éveil et de réduction de la dissonance cognitive." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2018/2018PA100183/2018PA100183.pdf.
Full textThis work is about cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger, 1957). For a long time, cognitive dissonance was seen as an intraindividual theory by researchers in social psychology. However, in 1957, Festinger said « The social group is at once a major source of cognitive dissonance for the individual and a major vehicle for eliminating and reducing the dissonance which may exist in him.”. Further, in the very beginning of the theory, the role self has been viewed as an important question (Aronson, 1968). Ten experiments examine the role of the self and others in the process of arousal and reduction of cognitive dissonance. Three experiments use mirrors to make salient the self of subjects under conditions of dissonance. Three others experiments study the psychological closeness as a new cognitive dissonance reduction mode. Finally, three experiments examine how social support of the ingroup can reduce cognitive dissonance in a pronormative or transgressive way, depending on the nature of the social norm use in a hypocrisy paradigm context. Results show that when the self is salient subject are inclined to use a defensive reduction mode of cognitive dissonance; psychological closeness, as predicted by theory, can reduce dissonance in the ingroup condition, but not in the outgroup condition. Social support can be viewed as a defensive or not defensive reduction mode of cognitive dissonance, whether the norm is definitional of the group membership. Theoretical openings are discussed
Mauny, Nicolas. "La technique du porte-au-nez : vers une interprétation en termes d'éveil d'une dissonance." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC015.
Full textResearch conducted in the field of social influence and leading individuals to change are classic in social psychology. Behavior change can be achieved through different techniques, such as the door-in-the-face. Its operating procedure is simple: get a refusal on a first request too costly to be accepted in order to facilitate the acceptance of a second request less costly, the one targeted from the beginning. Different interpretations were tested based on contextual variables to argue their approaches, but none of them is unanimously approved to date. The objective of this thesis is to study the influence of interpersonal variables, such as attitude, self-importance and normative beliefs, in the door-in-the-face paradigm and to propose a new modelling of the door-in-the-face effect based on inconsistency. We hypothesize that the effectiveness of the door-in-the-face technique is based on the difficulty people have in tolerating the inconsistency between their refusal behavior and their measured positions through attitude, Self-importance and normative beliefs about the object. In this logic, the acceptance of the second request would take place to reduce this inconsistency by adopting a behavior consistent with their positions. Six experiments were conducted to achieve this objective. The first two have tested the role of the initial position and show that only the Self-importance can influence the door-in-the-face effect. The following two have highlighted the role of the difference between the position of individuals and the refusal behavior on the intention. The fifth experiment shows that the participants feel guilty when the extreme request is refused, especially when their position is favorable to the cause of the requests. The results of the last one confirm an interpretation in terms of inconsistency compared to a classical interpretation
Desrichard, Olivier. "Changement d'attitude et mémoire des actes : étude expérimentale de l'influence des souvenirs comportementaux sur le jugement." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF20078.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to explore, from an empirical and theorical point of view, the issue concerning the influence of behavioral recall on attitude judgment. The first part is a review of the attitude's conceptions in the psycho-social literature (history, modern conceptionsof attitude structure and judgment formation). A report is made about the importaznce of cognitive aspect, but not behavioral aspect, in recent conceptions of judgment. An integrative model, based on zanna and rempel (1988) 's work, is made. The first part continues with a presentation and an integration of theories linking behavior to attitude (festinger, 1957 ; bem, 1967). At the end of this part, a review of the researchs about the links between behavioral recall and judgment is made. Into the second part of the work, four experiments are proposed. Results shows that only committing behaviors influence judgments when they are recalled before. The frequency of the behavior appears to be central for the influence that recall has on judgment. An interpretation based on cognitive dissonance theory (festinger, 1657) is proposed
Akinyemi, Alexis. "Vers un modèle d’élaboration de la dissonance cognitive : changement des attitudes selon un continuum de choix perçu." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100003.
Full textThis thesis covers the study of attitude change in the area of cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957), and more precisely in the context of the counter-attitudinal advocacy paradigm (Brehm & Cohen, 1962). The aim of this work is triple. First, we challenge the induction of choice adopted within dissonance paradigms using, in our studies, perception of choice as a discrete variable suitable to predict attitude change. Our second goal is to borrow - for a use into dissonance paradigms - variables implied in attitude change within the elaboration likelihood model (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) than can be used in order to gather the positive and negative thoughts (i.e., elaboration) that participants can produce regarding to an advocacy. We thus hypothesize that a counter-attitudinal advocacy will, under high perceived-choice, lead participants to produce elaboration and attitude change. Our last goal is to assess the impact of other variables than perceived choice that can have an impact on participants’ elaboration. Therefore, we took interest in attitude resistance and reflection delays in order to observe their effect on attitude change
Boisard-Castelluccia, Sylvie. "La diversité démographique des équipes dirigeantes, source d'apprentissage individuel et de performance." Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL2001.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the effects of demographical diversity on the functioning of top management teams, and more particulary on the individul learnind process and performance. It proposes a model describing the effects of top management team heterogeneity on individual learning. I have demonstrared, with quantitative and qualitative approaches, that Individual learning is an increasing funtion of cognitive dissonance. The more the individual is dissonant, the more he/she will be able to learn. For the purposes of this thesis, I surveyed 30 French managers from 4 different European multinationals. I collected the data with questionnaire, semi-directive interviews and full participant observations. The quantitative information has been treated with a linear regression and a PLS (Partial Leasts Squares) model of structural equations. The qualitative data have been analyzed with the Miles and Huberman's protocol (1981)
Parmentier, Eva. "De l'engagement comportemental à l'internalisation des comportements dans le domaine des activités physiques et sportives : la procédure de pied-dans-la-porte au service de la persistance des changements cognitifs et comportementaux." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA113011.
Full textBased on commitment theory, this thesis aims at obtaining durable foot-in-the-door paradigm effects (i. E. , attitudes, intentions and behaviors changes). Therefore factors that can increase the degree of commitment (i. E. , freedom context, number of choices, number of acts) were used on the small request of the compliance technique. Four studies including a validation of questionnaire [Study 2] and five experiments were carried out in order to bring out indicators of internalization (e. G. , attitude change, generalization effect, internal causal explanations, self-determined motivation). Results show (1) a positive effect of commitment on attitude change and (2) that participants choose more internal causal explanations to justify their behaviors. In short these studies support relationships between subjects’ commitment degree and their self-determined motivation score. Theoretical and applied perspectives are provided to extend and develop conclusions of this research
Bert, Nicolas. "Dissonance cognitive et transformation de la représentation sociale du sport : effets du changement de la signification d'un élément central sur les attitudes et les comportements." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3056/document.
Full textThe theory of commitment (Joule & Beauvois, 1998 ; Kiesler, 1971), combined with thetheory of cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957 ; Fointiat, Girandola, & Gosling, 2013),provides an experimental framework of observation and understanding of some social practiceeffects on the social representation dynamics (Abric, 1994 ; Flament, 1994 ; Guimelli, 1989).This work follows on from the research led in the area of the effects of forced doublecompliance (Joule, 1991) on the transformation of social representations (Renard, Bonardi,Roussiau, & Girandola, 2007). The aim of this thesis is more precisely to determine what typesof modification within the social representation of sport among nonathletic students are likelyto produce an impact on attitudes and behaviours, and to see whether those changes originatefrom some dissonance reduction processes. If the structural transformation of sport socialrepresentation produces an evolution on short-term attitudes, it seems that the modification ofa central element signification causes long-term attitudinal and behavioural changes. Thestudents who fulfilled two acts in a context of commitment (ie, free- choice) declare themselvesmore favorable and practise more sport than the participants in the control condition. Aninterpretation in terms of rationalisation is put forward
Tazé, Sophie. "La formation relationnelle des opinions : étude des opinions des jeunes relatives au sida dans des situations d'hétérogénéité cognitive." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50377-2007-3.pdf.
Full textRobertson, Toby Andrew. "The social psychology of contradictions." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337682.
Full textLebreuilly, Joëlle. "Etude de l'enonciation dans les situations de soumission forcee. Rapport, changement d'attitude. Transformation langagieres." Caen, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CAEN1003.
Full textDjediat, Abdelhamid. "Les exigences du travail et le bien-être dans la profession infirmière : le rôle des ressources émotionnelles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0112.
Full textThe increasing demands of work and their impact on the quality of life of employees are timely. In this perspective, the reflection on the managerial practices deserves to be thorough. This research project has three objectives: to conceptualize, measure and predict the influence of emotional support at work (ESW) on organizational commitment, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour. Our reflection is based on three points. (1) Study the psychological tensions ( conflicts Work / family -life / work) and job characteristics (psychological demand, physical constraints, Complexity of work ... ) is a key input that requires (2) a reflection on the emotional support at work and emotional regulation strategies as moderating variables for ( 3) study the effects of moderating variables in integrating research models incorporating burnout, organizational commitment , emotional dissonance, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour. The hospital raises an exemplary manner the dynamics and challenges of local management. We will consider three cases: The University Hospital of Bab El Oued (Algeria), University Hospital of Brugmann, (Belgium) and The University Hospital of Bordeaux (France). To provide some answers, we mobilize two methods: qualitative and quantitative (more about a double measure of perceived SET and a measure of emotional regulation strategies) with a comparison of the target institutions. Key words : Emotional support at work_ psychological tensions (conflict work / life and family / work) - Work Characteristics (psychological demand, physical constraints, Labor Complexity ) Burnout – organizational commitment - emotional dissonance - organizational citizenship behaviour _ Strategies work emotional regulation
Huyghebaert, Tiphaine. "Déterminants organisationnels de la santé psychologique, d'attitudes et de comportements critiques des professionnels du secteur sanitaire, social, et médico-social : les besoins psychologiques comme mécanismes explicatifs." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR2008/document.
Full textThe general purpose of this doctoral dissertation was to contribute to identify triggers to preserve workers’ psychological health and reduce some of their negative attitudes and behaviors which appear to be harmful to healthcare organizations. Moreover, we aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying such effects. Study 1 used a cross-sectional design to demonstrate that psychosocial safety climate (i.e., PSC) was negatively related to nursing staff’s work-family conflict (i.e., WFC) and turnover intentions, through the mediation of psychological need thwarting. Study 2 developed these results by showing how PSC, through its influence on psychological need thwarting, related to a decrease in burnout three months later. Burnout itself explained an increase in WFC and turnover intentions. Study 3 focused on managers’ psychological health and found that emotional dissonance and organizational resources influenced managers lack of psychological detachment and work engagement three months later, through psychological need thwarting and satisfaction. Altogether, these studies contribute to self-determination theory in the work setting and offer some perspectives on organizational practices that could lastingly alter healthcare employees’ professional experience
Fritz, Thomas. "Emotion investigated with music of variable valence : neurophysiology and cultural influence." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2911/.
Full textMusik eignet sich besonders gut, um sowohl intensive Angenehmheit/Lust und Unangenehmheit/Unlust (siehe auch Wundt, 1896), so genannte Valenzperzepte, im Zuhörer hervorzurufen. Jedoch kann derselbe musikalische Stimulus sehr unterschiedliche Valenzperzepte in verschiedenen Zuhörern hervorrufen, was nahe legt, dass das durch Musik vermittelte Valenzperzept zumindest teilweise durch kulturelle Prägung moduliert wird. Ein Vergleich von Musik verschiedener historischer Perioden legt ebenfalls nahe, dass kulturelle Prägung das Valenzperzept des Hörers bei der Wahrnehmung von Intervallen und Harmonien moduliert. Wichtigerweise ist es nach wie vor weitgehend unbekannt, inwiefern das Valenzperzept von physikalischen Eigenschaften des Stimulus (z.B. Rauhigkeit) abhängt - und daher auf einem universellen perzeptiven Mechanismus basiert - oder wie sehr es abhängt von kultureller Prägung. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht die Neurophysiologie des Valenzperzepts, sowie den modulierenden Einfluss von Kultur auf mehrere funktionelle Module der Musikwahrnehmung (voneinander unterscheidbare Subprozesse der Musikwahrnehmung), die bei der Entstehung des Valenzperzepts beteiligt sind.
Hallier, Jeremy Peter. "Cognitive dissonance and attitude change in unemployed men." Thesis, University of East London, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303239.
Full textO'Flynne, Teresa. "Spiritual Cognitive Dissonance in LGBTQQ People." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7712.
Full textFrodin, Oskar, and Luna Karaberg. "Flygparadoxen - Den moraliska identiteten och dess betydelse för obehag vid kognitiv dissonans." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-87661.
Full textClimate change has an increasing negative impact on the environment. This poses a big challenge on humans, since human activity plays a crucial role in causing negative changes in climate but we also have the opportunity to reverse climate change. Air travel for instance has a major negative impact on the environment, but despite the awareness of this, there are more flights than ever before. The aim of this study was to contribute the understanding of how people deal with moral conflict related to air travel, by taking into account perceived cognitive dissonance and moral identity. We conducted an online experimental survey in which participants (N=148) were either presented with information about air travel´s negative impact on the climate, that was supposed to trigger cognitive dissonance (experimental group) or with information about the advantages of air travel (control group). In both groups, affect was measured before and after the information and all participants completed the moral identity scale. The results revealed increased negative affect related to cognitive dissonance in the experimental group than in the control group. This effect did not depend on gender. There was a positive correlation between self-reported moral identity and increased dissonance, related to negative affect. Taken together, the study shows that air travel and its negative impact on the environment evoke cognitive dissonance in people and that there is a connection between cognitive dissonance and a person's moral identity.
Harris, Mary Margaret. "Unpacking Emotional Dissonance: Examining the Effects of Event-Level Emotional Dissonance on Well-Being Using Polynomial Regression." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1401281006.
Full textBoulliere, Elisabeth. "Des cas de dissonance cognitive chez les infirmiers de bloc opératoire : de l’éveil à la tolérance d’un inconfort psychologique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0800/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to raise awareness of how State Qualified Operating Room Nurses deal with the constant evolutions of their professional activity, such as legislation to reorganize the French health system which impacts strongly on operating rooms, new standards of activities and skills for operating room nurses, validation of work knowledge and experience, exclusive operating room acts, etc. It investigates the potential psychological discomfort felt by the personnel when they consciously avoid respecting good practices by committing routine violations (Bourrier, 1999) either through necessity or convenience (Reason, 2013). These nurses generally extoll the virtues of professional health care, notably “taking care” (Hesbeen, 1997), rigour, safety, quality treatment, and feel uncomfortable when committing any sort of violation which could increase the surgical risks for the patient. The theory of cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957) can help to understand such phenomenon insofar as these professionals combine incompatible cognitions such as safety and avoiding risks on the one hand, and violations on the other. Two complimentary methodologies are used here. The questionnaire of the quantitative survey allows the cognitions, values, and perfectible practices to be matched with the emotions felt by the nurses. A scale of 20 selfrelated affects is used to achieve this (Lecrique, 2007). The interviews and their thematic analysis of the qualitative survey bring to light different strategies for reducing dissonance. The final discussion deals with the professional context in which the nurses evolve, a context which is likely to normalize violations by generating an increase in accident-prone zones (Amalberti and al., 2006), at the expense of guaranteeing safe treatment in the service of the patient
Fawzy, Tamer I. "The Relationship between Cognitive Avoidance and Attentional Bias for Snake-Related Thoughts." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/FawzyTI2004.pdf.
Full textMurray, Ashley Anne. "The effects of psychopathy and Machiavellianism on cognitive dissonance." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
Full textBaker, Amanda R. Baker. "Epistemic Profiles, Dissonance Negotiation, and Postsecondary Service-Learning Outcomes." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1499792402490622.
Full textRogers, Susan. "The influence of sensory and cognitive consonance/ dissonance on musical signal processing." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95035.
Full textDans cette thèse nous étudions les origines possibles de la distinction entre événements auditifs consonants et dissonants, ainsi que la façon dont cette distinction est révélée dans le traitement auditif par les personnes ayant une formation musicale ou pas. Deux études comprenant six expériences ont employé des méthodes comportementales pour explorer les différences perceptives et cognitives entre musiciens et non musiciens. Les trois premières expériences concernent l'évaluation qualitative de la rugosité auditives un composant élémentaire de la dissonance sensorielle. Les autres trois expériences concernent les différences de la mémoire à court terme entre les intervalles musicaux consonants et dissonants. Une contribution originale de cette thèse est de quantifier plusieurs différences que la formation musicale confèrent sur les traitements ascendants (conduits par les sensations) et descendants (conduits par les connaissances) des sons musicaux. Ces études montrent que les connaissances sur la hiérarchie tonale dans une culture donnée ne peuvent pas être fiablement dissociées de l'évaluation des attributs d'un son musical et que la durée de la mémoire auditive à court terme, qui est robuste et précise, excède celle rapportée précèdemment dans la littérature.
Lair, Elicia Chelsey. "The 2008 Election: Prior Belief Strength, Cognitive Dissonance, and Voter Reactions." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626642.
Full textSouthard, Houston. "The Advantage of Hypocrisy| Using Dissonance to Improve Exercise Habits and Reduce Stress." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125487.
Full textThe current study investigated whether hypocrisy-induction – a burgeoning method of cognitive dissonance therapy – acts to increase physical exercise habits and reduce stress, as well as how physical exercise mediates the relationship between hypocrisy-induction and perceived stress, and whether self-esteem moderates the relationship between hypocrisy-induction and physical exercise. Using questionnaires and manipulations, this study measured participants’ (both work and non-work) stress, self-esteem, physical exercise habits, and physical exercise intentions. Fifty-four undergraduate students enrolled in Psychology 111 at a small Midwest university were randomly assigned to a control or treatment condition and surveyed on several constructs before being put through manipulations, and were then surveyed online four weeks following the experiment. Results supported some hypotheses, revealing that: as individuals exercise more, they perceive less stress; individuals who had their hypocrisy induced perceived less stress than those who hadn’t; hypocrisy-induction did not affect physical exercise habits or intentions; and those with higher self-esteem are more affected by hypocrisy-induction than those with lower self-esteem. Ultimately, these results highlight the potential efficacy and versatility for hypocrisy-induction to generalize onto improving prosocial behavior.
Maynard, Elizabeth A. "The Role of Cognitive Dissonance in New Methods for Inducing Empathy." Marietta College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marietta1559254906779453.
Full textSastre, Jessica Lyn. "When Thoughts Clash: Self-Compassion and Self-Monitoring as Moderators of Cognitive Dissonance." UNF Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/522.
Full textMascaro, John. "Psychotherapeutic Implications of Psychic Dissonance on Gay Roman Catholic Diocesan Priests| A Phenomenological Study." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10600414.
Full textPsychological research in the area of Roman Catholic priests has been extremely limited. The few studies that do exist have focused on emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and depression of religious and diocesan priests. With the sexual abuse scandals creating intense media scrutiny on gay Roman Catholic priests along with the population of priests declining each year and the number of Roman Catholics increasing, diocesan priests are expected to take on more responsibility for a greater number of parishioners. Recent studies have not looked at the effects of this current environment on gay Roman Catholic diocesan priests. This study focused on the psychotherapeutic implications of dissonance on Roman Catholic priests who self-identify as gay.
A phenomenological approach was used in this study to understand the experience of dissonance on gay Roman Catholic diocesan priests. Ten participants were interviewed in depth about their experience. Participants’ responses were transcribed and descriptions were created to depict the life experience of each priest accurately. The interviews were analyzed and common themes were developed based on the experience of dissonance on Roman Catholic diocesan priests who self-identify as gay. The findings were looked at from a depth psychological perspective to examine the psychotherapeutic implications of psychic dissonance on gay diocesan priests working in active ministry within the Roman Catholic Church.
The following seven themes were found to be common among the participants: (1) experiences support and self-care as an integral part of healthy functioning; (2) experiences conflict in reconciling personal values with Church teaching; (3) experiences discomfort and disruption (emotion, cognitive, and physical); (4) experiences development of gay identity as a healthy aspect of self; (5) experiences celibacy as difficult and for some gay priests, optional; (6) feels that discernment of personal experience takes precedence over Church teachings; (7) feels called to the work and ministry of priesthood. Each of these themes helped to create a better understanding of gay Roman Catholic diocesan priests and can be utilized as a template in working with them throughout the therapeutic process.
Hendrickson, Kenny A. "Understanding deviant discretion the negative effect of emotional dissonance on correctional officer's discretionary decision-making /." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1182799224.
Full text"August, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 04/23/2008) Advisor, Raymond W. Cox III; Committee members, RaJade M. Berry-James, Lucinda M. Deason, Dena Hanley, Lawrence F. Keller; Department Chair, Sonia Alemagno; Dean of the College, Ronald F. Levant; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.