Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Distance critique'
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Grivel, Joseph. "A raisonnable distance : lecture de Montaigne." Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO31002.
Full textThe life of michel de montaigne, nobleman and author, opens with the formal break of a premature retirement. The ancient precepts, both stoical and epicurian, of a voluntarily circumspective intention are to be observed in this withdrawal into oneself. This approach especially confines the possessions of body and soul, which montaigne sees in the original terms of a marriage without hierarchy placed under the administration of judgment. Within the limits of this dominated, restricted domain, ancient philosophers traditionally threaten that any breach of confines results in changes of fortune and transports of passions. The guarantee of the self is thus paid at the price of a permanent tension that strives to reduce all designs to the self. In this over-tense attitude, montaigne's retirement refuses self-acknowledgement. It integrates a cautions distancing defined by the genteel codes of the times, which allow for close engagement in the exercise of the martial virtues. Moreover, it is surprised at the both ambitious and certain adventure of gun artillery and ocean navigation, which were the new arts of a mechanized appropriation of the distance. With montaigne, the philosopher's too rigid restraint is able to come to terms with the dominated emergence from the self, which is like alcibiades happily giving a lesson in adaptability to seneca
Bellaiche-Zacharie, Alain. "Distance et dialectique dans l'oeuvre de Kierkegaard." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040240.
Full textMumpower, Lori. "SPACE MATTERS: AN INSTITUTIONAL CRITIQUE OF DISTANCE LEARNING WITHIN THE UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA ENGLISH DEPARTMENT." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3519.
Full textPh.D.
Department of English
Arts and Humanities
Texts and Technology PhD
Joković, Miroljub. "La distance historique dans le roman serbe consacré à la première guerre mondiale : contexte européen." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21009.
Full textThe question of historical distance, as a problem in the Serbian novel tied to World War I, brings forward certain regularities and specific qualities when compared with other European literature. Thereby we can come to the conclusion that the mentioned problem indicates precisely the fundamental destiny of Serbian civilization: the terror of history. This kind of novel implies that historical distance up to World War II can be classed into four basic types: a) the lyrical type of distance, b) "by saving so I saved my soul" type of distance, c) the epic type of distance, d) the tragically type of distance. These types of historical distance exist the basis if dialectical negations. The novels written after World War II suggest the existence of two types of historical distances: a) the neutral historical distance. B) The critical historical distance of the polyphonic type
Darbellay, Marie-Joëlle. "L'art de la distance dans les nouvelles de S. Corinna Bille." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU1003.
Full textStudy about distance in C. Bille's short stories : strangeness, objectivity, receding of the reality. A first part shows the sensorial and dynamic elements which are used to describe landscape fragments, nature becomes character while the human characters seem elusive through a distant and puzzling narrating. Secondly are studied separation, failure of words and lack of communication that characterise the human relations. By doubting the utility of the words, C. Bille takes part in the poetical thought of her time. The third part deals with her lucid society panorama, even if she feels both fascination and repulsion toward it. She writes to keep painful reality at a distance, uses literary creation as an exorcism. The last part shows how the late short stories are distanced from reality and rationality. By exploiting her dreams, the themes of childhood and madness and a fantastic writing, C. Bille gives an original world's perception and breaks free from a regional writer's image
Gabriel, Jean-Benoît. "La fiction à distance : une autre écriture du réel dans la littérature et le cinéma contemporain (Emmanuel Carrère, Annie Ernaux, Nicole Malinconi/ Jean-Pierre et Luc Dardenne, Samuel Collardey, Joachim Lafosse." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070088.
Full textCertain contemporary texts and movies, by showing the presence of an enunciator-observer, use processes of writing which question the notion of fiction. This enunciator-observer is recognizable, in texts, through the figure of the narrator-writer-witness and, in movies, by the patent presence of a recording camera in a unique and distant point of view. Through the recording which they suggest and the distant place of the enunciator, these texts and movies reveal singular devices of creation and involves new attitudes of reading. The result of the research is explained in three parts. The first part intends to remind the positions of the theorists of cinema and literature on the notions of fiction, enunciation and point of view. The second part defines a corpus (selecting texts and movies from Annie Ernaux, Nicole Malinconi, Emmanuel Carrère, Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne, Joachim Lafosse and Samuel Collardey) and marks, by classification, the indices of fiction or non-fiction - classification which reveals the massive presence of formal common indices of non-fiction bound to the treatment of the point of view and to the enunciative marking. The third part is based on the interviews realized with the authors in order to understand the process of production (intentions and devices) and that of the reception of the works (readings). It ends with conclusions on contemporary literary and film art, real and society. The final conclusion summarizes the thesis by using the expressions "other fiction" and "fiction of the other"
Bourdaillet, Julien. "Alignement textuel monolingue avec recherche de déplacements : algorithmique pour la critique génétique." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066399.
Full textKuleshova, Ekaterina. "Éric Chevillard et la littérature : Absences et présences du cliché dans l'écriture d'Éric Chevillard." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040068.
Full textThis PhD thesis is devoted to the prolific and original work of the contemporary writer Éric Chevillard. Its subject is to define the isotopy of cliché in Chevillard's writing, in which the relationship to literature mostly goes through the manipulation of stereotypes, topoi and accepted ideas. Thus, questioning the banality appears like one of the major constants of his texts. In order to indicate the characteristics and main modalities, the work is organized around three axis: the role of verbal cliché in the narrative stylistic organization, then the observation of its intertextual dimension through the cliché of quotation which denounces the trivialization of literary reference, and, finally, the questioning of the doxa ruling modern society. This triple manipulation of cliché defines Éric Chevillard singular position in a contemporary literary field based on notions of gap, ironical distance, and rejection of prosaic realism in literature. The last movement of the study aims at demonstrate that, beyond its own fiction, the cliché is being called on by Chevillard-critique as one of the essential criteria of literary quality, both on his blog, L’Autofictif, or in his weekly column in Le Monde des livres. This is where the cliché truly acquires the isotopic value insofar as its contestation provides the entire work cohesion
Gohn, Merritt. "Kept at a Distance: The Role of the Intrusive Narrator in Virginia Woolf's Critique of the Portrayal of the Character in the Novel." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1179.
Full textSALSALI, MEHDI. "Art et distance psychique a l'ere de la realite virtuelle recherche theorique et realisation interactive en images de synthese 3d." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081611.
Full textLhote, Florence. "Poétique de la distance: la guerre d'Algérie et les lettres françaises, 1987-2010." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209009.
Full textDoctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ofoego, Obioma. "Soyinka's language." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20027.
Full textThe title of this thesis is an allusion to Frank Kermode’s Shakespeare’s Language. There, Kermode directed his attentions to Shakespeare’s dramatic verse, its poetry, demonstrating how the demands which words make on the ear might attune us to the insinuating possibilities of language, if attended to by a patient reader. This thesis adopts the same methodological principle, in approaching a number of Wole Soyinka’s dramatic and prose works in English. Throughout, it is concerned with his intelligence as expressed through literature. To this end, it does not hesitate to speculate, in the manner of Shklovsky, as to schemata which Soyinka might have used in order to ‘make’ his works. At the same time, it sees in formalism, for writer and would-be critic alike, the danger of words’ being cut off from the common human constituency and experience which assure their meaning. Words penetrate us, undermine our attempts to stand apart, draw us into a realm of consequence (The Lion and the Jewel; the Jero plays). Consequence, in turn, implies passage between two distinct moments, inviting us to reflect on how language can become strange (The Road; Madmen and Specialists). What happens to words in one who is content to look on from a distance, instead of participating? This is the starting point for a discussion of Soyinka’s interrogations of justice in The Strong Breed, A Dance of the Forests, The Bacchae of Euripides and The Burden of Memory. Implicit in onlooking is the risk of self-sufficiency. Warded off in the prose of The Man Died, self-sufficiency provides a foil to a Yoruba conception of being and tragedy, as articulated in Myth, Literature and the African World. The study culminates in Death and the King’s Horseman, which best enacts the tension between self-assertion and commonality, departure and return, being and non-being, in and through poetic language
Konstantinou, Efrosyni. "Knowledge management in a global setting : a critique of knowledge transfer and the role of knowledge workers." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/495.
Full textBellecave, Johan. "Stress Gradients In Fretting Fatigue." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0036/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of an international research program (IRG Cognac) initiated by the engine manufacturer SNECMA (SAFRAN group) involving ENS Cachan, UnB, ENSMA, CNRS, Snecma, Turbomeca et Messier Bugatti Dowty. The thesis focuses on the effect of a stress gradient in fretting fatigue. Fretting-fatigue refers to the damage process localized at the frontier of the contact between two contacting bodies subjected to fatigue loadings. The prediction of this phenomenon is of major importance in determining, for instance, the lifetime of fan's disc. In the vicinity of the contact front, the stress field inherited from the contact loads is maximal at the surface and displays a strong gradient from the surface. It was shown in this thesis, for a Ti-6AL-4V alloy, that local approaches, based on local stresses at the most critical point, are not appropriate to predict fretting fatigue lives. As a matter of fact, short cracks initiated at the most critical point may stop if the stress decay from the surface is strong enough or may continue their growth, up to the failure of the component, if the stress gradient from the surface is not string enough. A second difficulty is the multiaxial and non-proportional nature of the loading conditions. Fatigue-fretting stems from the combination of loads that have neither the same spatial distribution nor the same time-dependency. In fretting-fatigue tests, three loading components are considered, the fatigue loading of the component (cyclic), the normal part (assumed to be constant) and the in-plane part (cyclic) of the loads between the two contacting components. To quantify the effect of the stress gradient, tests were carried out on a fatigue testing contact bench developed at the University of Brasilia, with experimental conditions ensuring different stress gradient while keeping the maximal stress the same. Damage mechanisms were studied using post-mortem analysis and optical microscopy on the contact elements tested. The prediction of the fretting fatigue life was done using different approaches. The first one is based on the Critical Distance Method and a fatigue criterion. The second is based on a K-based short crack arrest method. Finally, a new criterion was proposed. This method considers a generalized von Mises yield criterion for the crack tip region and accounts for the T-stresses in the asymptotic LEFM development
Choffat-Dürr, Anne. "Apprentissage des langues en contexte scolaire : l’agir ensemble en cycle 3 dans le cadre de projets d’échanges à distance franco-britanniques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0326/document.
Full textToday, the pedagogy of distance exchange projects based on mediated digital communication tools allows new insights into the ability of young learners with minimal competence in the target language to interact at a distance with young speakers of that language. Situated within a social constructivist and interactionist framework, the study investigates the potential of exchange projects and how they develop according to the people and resources available. Based on observations of four Franco-British partnership projects undertaken in upper primary school (ages 7-10) over one year, it investigates pupils’ learning of English or French through reciprocal exchange projects. It also seeks to identify the participants’ initial project designs and intentions (through questionnaires and interviews). The results of what transpires through the joint activities of teachers and students are examined (various data collection means were employed according to action research protocol). The data analysis follows two main hypotheses: one directed towards the social dimension of (student) exchanges and the other towards the impact on language learning. Organizational variables, as well as technical-educational, psychological and institutional variables are thus examined. Numerous characteristics of the projects observed emerged including: pupils’ taking responsibility for their learning, diversity of language production and language skills involved, coherence between the activities and the established social ties and evidence of metacognitive and metalinguistic reflection. These lead to consideration of the ways in which situated learn-ing and action foster collaboration and empowerment
Guillain, Pascal Demunter Paul. "Entre mythe et réalité, comment évolue la société éducative à l'aune des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication analyse critique /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace.
Full textGuillain, Pascal. "Entre mythe et réalité, comment évolue la société éducative à l'aune des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication : analyse critique." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/008de0db-50dd-49ea-824d-996e8668b981.
Full textRegnier, Wilfried Loïc. "Les écarts interprétatifs sur l'éthique du travail prescrit de surveillance et la compétence de l'assistant d'éducation pour l'esprit du système scolaire." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058527.
Full textWu, Shui-Jou. "Le flou : détournement de l'image d'archive chez Gerhard Richter, Christian Boltanski et Thomas Ruff." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/976f9ecc-8580-4715-a3dc-756130aa037b.
Full textThe blur, as a widespread artistic effect, is still victim of a bad reputation, since it is usually considered to be a technical fault or the opposite of a rational and rigorous thinking. Against this reductive vision, this research tries to show, throughout a selection of artworks from Gerhard Richter, Christian Boltanski and Thomas Ruff, that the blur is an artistic act which arouses a distanced and critical reflection. We elaborate a comparative study of each artist's creation process, and an analysis of archival image features appropriated by them : amateur photographs and press images. The blur seems to represent an efficient method of appropriation and détournement. It highlights the image material in spite of its representational function, and it allows to transgress the borders between painting and photography. The blur is also sign of distance : between artworks and spectators, as well as between artists and appropriated images. However, the detachment of artists doesn't prevent them from expressing a critical thinking over images they use. For it is in integrating archival images with topics varying from daily banality and major historic events in their artworks, that the artists examine the social uses and the media reproduction of images. But the blur proved mainly to be a strategy to cross the borders between shape and material, objectivity and subjectivity, or mass culture and fine art. It is above all, a dynamic concept used for transgression
Dambacher, Martine Tania. "L'écriture de l'île dans l'oeuvre de Marie Susini et de Maria Giacobbe." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC003.
Full textMarie Susini and Maria Giacobbe, two female writers who were born in two islands of the Mediterranean - Corsica and Sardinia - and belonged to the same generation, have written about their native islands while they were abroad. Through her imagination exacerbated by the distance, each of them has recaptured her native Ithaca. The main object of this research is to study the genesis of their writing, the analysis of forms and themes connected to their constant interior “revisitation”. A comparative approach will further examine the text through the critical standards of Margherita Marras, and comparisons with the texts of other authors, whether they are insular or not. What is basically at stake is the question of identity: what is an insular writer? What does writing about an island consist in?
Tragangoon, Arruck. "Etude d'assemblages multi-matériaux par boulonnage, par fixation avec insert et par collage d'une structure composite." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM048.
Full textTo reduce the weight of vehicles, the multi-material structures with composite materials have been used in the automotive industries. However, the joints are considered as the weakest parts of the structure. In this work, the joining methods used for metal/ composite automotive seat, including a mechanical joint, a threaded insert and an adhesive joint, have been studied. The components of the seat under consideration were made of woven composite (glass/PA6) and short fiber composite (glass/PA66). The mechanical behaviors of the studied materials, including adhesives, have been modeled based on the experimental results. For parts containing an open-hole and for mechanical joints, the characteristic volume has been used to determine the failure of woven composite. In the case of adhesive joints, the characteristic length has been used to determine the failure. Single lap shear tests and the torsion tests on a bonded structure were conducted and simulated. For the failure of short fiber composite structure, the material strength has been evaluated as a function of local fiber orientation. The tensile tests on the short fiber composite connecting rod were conducted and simulated. Finally, the proposed constitutive laws and failure prediction methods were applied for the simulation of the automotive seat under crash test condition
Kim, Eunne Kyung. "Distances et distanciations dans l'oeuvre de Marguerite Duras." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030018.
Full textDeparting from the idea of the space and distance of Duras' work, we have described the work as an space in expansion where the outburst of temporality is replaced by the elaboration of a continuum narrative and where the evaluation of the distances represented, the space distribution of the action are constantly transferred by the movements of the “characters”. The pace of the issue represents thus the process of the creation that it places at the heart of the narration issues. The studies of the ideology (norms and values), which are distanced by the ironic enunciation, has led us to demonstrate the importance of the emptiness in the work: a fundamental ellipsis in the heart of beings, the origin of the desire, of fear but also the origin of creation. Finally, through the studies of the inter-textual detachment phenomena linked to the re-writing and exploration of genres (cinema, theater. . . ) we have analyzed the process of creation, the experience of a life and the narration of this experience as a relation of the subject
Chouen-Ollier, Chloé. "L'écriture de la prostitution dans l'oeuvre de Marguerite Duras. Écrire l'écart." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030061.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the different meanings of prostitution in the writings of Marguerite Duras. Through the intersecting analytical lenses of literary history, philosophy and psychoanalysis, our research shows that prostitution, far from being a simple subject, is inherent to the creative art and act of the author. Writing, for Duras, is the product of a creative tension shaped by distance : the very margin (away from the doxa, the language itself) from which the author crafted her work is the creative force that informs her desire to diverge from the norm and effectively strive to overturn rather than follow it.We will first consider the thematic of prostitution – prevalent from her earliest texts – throughout Duras’s work and how it weaves a veritable fantasy matrix proposing a body of work that reverses the common axiology by sacralizing profanity and placing the margin at the center. Prostitution becomes a melting pot of the writing process and reveals the agenda of the potentialities within creation (it shapes writing itself). Nevertheless, beyond the idealization of giving oneself to another, prostitution runs deeper than the skin : it has ametaphysical sense. Indeed, we demonstrate how offering one’s body is linked to an infinite quest or thirst that only the Absolute of life can quench. Offering one’s body is a tense act situated between desire and mourning and that can be interpreted as the quest for Aletheia(truth through unveiling), rather than a simple transaction free of any eroticism. In any case,to prostitute oneself is above all, a staged performance deeply rooted in theatricality, and this point is analyzed in the last part of our work. After the 1980s the rapport between the prostitute and the truth changes and distance, far more than the rapprochement between bodies and beings, is then paid in cash
Amoroso, Hélène. "Distances et distanciation dans l'oeuvre de Robert Pinget." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030001.
Full textRobert pinget (formerly a memeber of the "nouveau roman" group) has tried through his work to prove that literature should not be a representation of the real, as it was in the xix century, but that a story should be like a textual composition fraught with multiple meanings also including a reflection upon writing. We are trying to see how the author rejects the traditional definition of the novel: first by presenting the geographical landscape of different works (dynamics of places and characters) through an intratextual perspective; then through a double (inter and meta) perspective, by studying the different techniques (taking distances from existing literary genres, using critical irony, etc) which help to construct a hydrid and original genre. We are going to prove that, though questioning the traditional novel forms, pinget does not completely refuse the past and indeed draws nearer to it in the course of this work
Dencausse, Sophie. "Insolence, décalage et ironie chez les romancières du dix-huitième siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA053.
Full text18th century female novelists enjoyed, in their time, strong and vibrant acclaim throughout Europe. Their work nonetheless did not become part of the literary heritage. It is important to analyse the circumstances and reasons for this exclusion.They irreverently question the codes and conventions of authorship, as well as fiction and women’s writing. This work explores the fate of some of these writers – Mme Riccoboni, Mme de Tencin, Mme d’Epinay – and their work, so as to understand the full extent of the collective projections that explain how they have been perceived.Hence, we need to go back on these novels which, maybe, we no longer know how to read. This is made possible by the notion of distance, incongruence or discrepancy. Through the play of different discourses, Mme de Tencin’s and Mme de Fontaines’ novels subvert the symbolic order of patriarchal society. Their novels set out the contours and specifics for the position of women. Yet, they tend to overly constrain the rules of fictional discourse.Irony, in its multiple shapes, is the discourse that allows to circumvent the discursive traps encountered in this study. In its diversity, irony is best suited to sustain – for the female characters of Mme de Souza, Mme Cottin or those in Mme de Charrière’s novels – the opening brought about by distance, the irreverence of questioning – true requirement for literature as well as for all that is feminine
Cheng, Alexandra. "Chat, Connect, Collapse: A Critique on the Anthropomorphization of Chatbots in Search for Emotional Intimacy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1107.
Full textCohen, Annette. "In Situ Vision: The Student Experience of Collaborative Learning in a Virtual Drawing Class." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1363112768.
Full textGioè, Angelo, and Aristarque de Samos. "Aristarque de Samos : sur les dimensions et les distances du soleil et de la lune : édition critique, présentation, traduction et notes." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040117.
Full textThe περì μεγεθῷ καì ἁποστημἀτων ἡλἡίου καì σελήνης still preserved. The book is conceived in a geometrical way. Out of six axioms stated at the beginning, the second one is the simplification of a demostrative argument, whereas the remaining ones are deduced from simple observation and from the commonly accepted lunar theories. After having considered that the moon is lit by the sun, that the separating plane turns towards us, that the angular distance between the sun and the moon with a vertex on earth is equal to 87°, that the diameter of the cone of shadow which surrounds the earth and the moon during the lunar eclipses the moon is equal to twice the diameter of the moon and the apparent diameter of the moon is equal to 2°. Aristarch of Samos succeeds in determining by a strictly geometrical method a whole series of ratios whose values are expressed by a minimum and a maximum. The ancient sources do not mention this book but rather Aristarch of Samos heliocentrical theory. He had made out a theory stating that the earth has an annual ratotation motion around the sun and a dialy rotation motion around a leaning axis related to the plane of the orbit
Oka, Kenji. "L'écriture, ou la construction d'un autoportrait protéiforme d'Eugène Ionesco." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10147/document.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the relationship of Eugène Ionesco's life and works through a selfportrait lens. In his rich variety of works across multiple genres, e.g. essays, novels and plays, the author openly examines his life and his past to find the essence of his existence. Thus approached, the self-portrait constantly takes on new forms. Complex and cross-genre, it takes up various literary and metaphysical issues which will be analyzed and delineated through a tripartite approach. Firstly, the nature of self-writing in Ionesco's works will be considered in comparison to the concepts of autobiographical and journal writing in order to appreciate his originality more thoroughly. Next, his novelistic writing will be explored to show, on the one hand, how he adds an autobiographical dimension to fiction, and to reveal on the other hand, his goal as far as self-writing is concerned. Finally, the nature of Ionesco’s dramatic selfportrait will be analyzed from a genre standpoint as will his self-representation from “ outside himself”, that is to say, on stage
Kim, Geon. "Sur la relation distanciée entre le film et son spectateur chez Jean-Luc Godard, jusqu'à 1979 : d'après la théorie théâtrale de Bertold Brecht." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010542.
Full textMaubon, Pascale. "L'identité du Comédien(ne) et le jeu dramatique dans le théâtre du 17ème siècle de 1630 à 1650." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE2031.
Full textThis thesis has for objective to show the link of cause with effect, between the arrival of theform the play within the play of the pre-classic period from 1630 till 1650 with theconstruction of the identity of comedian from the piece of Rotrou Le Véritable Saint Genest,Desmarets The Visionaries, Gougenot The comedy of the comedians, Scudéy The comedy ofthe comedians, and Corneille The comic illusion, the character-comedian of which someborrow openly, or imply him. To explain the arrival in the History of the professionalcomedian, the study gets organized according to a historic panorama of the identity of thecomedian since Antiquity to the Middle Ages, at the time of the disappearance of the mysteryand the closure of the Brotherhood of the Passion and the Resurrection of our Lord Jésus-Christ, proving the advance of the comedian. Then, the redefining of the genre in which willjoin the form of the play within the play will allow to notice the passage of the religiousidentity in the professional identity of the comedian with the rehabilitation of the genre of thecomedy for a long time ecclipsé in the History. The statement of comedians’figures ofdifferent social backgrounds, craftsmen, traders, noble persons, comedians of fair, Italiancomedians, will allow to determine the profile of the french comedian, its professional andsocial identity. The dramatic play of the comedian by the freedom of creation and theimagination of the playwrights knows an evolution. The question of the psychological identityof the comedian, its relationship in the mimesis, the identification or not of his character in theplay, in reference to the ethics redefines
Levesque, Hélène. "Deux voyageurs anglais dans la Russie de Catherine II : représentations et distances de l'autre." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0003/MQ38144.pdf.
Full textGuevara, Santiago. "Bolaño ou la réécriture du mythe de l'écrivain maudit : Estrella distante, La pista de hielo et Amberes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL020.
Full textWithin the three books studied Estrella Distante (1996), La pista de hielo (1993) et Amberes (2002) we show the underlying- evident presence, of the literary malediction myth. We read Bolaño’s works lightened by the literary modern myth of the damned poet. The evolution of Bolaño’s work reflects, since the beginning the central space this modern myth takes into his imaginary. One of the unchangeable topics in the three novels studied is heroism. This inalterable value of his damned characters represents the central part Bolaño’s literary ethics. The damned poet heroism in this case is not associated to the romantic idea of a personal fundamental mission to be accomplished but rather to the moral value of incorruptibility. We can find two mythic topics PURITY-DISTRESS that produce the mythic patterns INGENUITY-MARGINALITY. The presence of this two patterns lead towards the two moral-ethic values that define Bolaño’s damned poet: HEROISM and INCORRUPTIBILITY.The process of rewriting this myth brings consequences in the reception’s world. Bolaño invents through his literature an image of himself which lives in the collective subconscious. This image is nothing different than archetype of what should be the contemporary Latin-American writer. As it is current in the process or rewriting of a myth, Bolaño aims a figure to universal vocation (archetype), but not with the purpose of making of his personal life the original and of his damned poet the copy. For the community of readers, the archetypal image of the man (Roberto Bolaño) rest upon a symbolic universe of representations directly connected with literary malediction.Bolaño insists on another way of curse; the rebellion of the damned poet. This feature has been translated in the context of the reception as an anti-system tendency. Bolaño is perceived as an agitator. Nevertheless, this feature of the writer comes from the literary rebellion of his characters. The damned poet of his work attacks the literary institutions renounces to the institutional support and declares the conquest of his independence in front of the literary powers.In order to become independent of the literary institutions, the poet must be necessarily dependent of them. As we know the character of the poet in Bolaño’s work do not really write or rather barely writes. So we ask what kind of literary independence is sought by the poet? This question introduce the idea of life a piece of art, (dandyism) and more exactly in this case; life as a literary piece of art. If life can become literature and existence can be transformed in a piece of art, Bolaño’s damned poet does not seek any more than fulfill this possibility of mutation. Make of his life a literary (ethic, moral and esthetic) object is the curious and original task the damned poet force himself on.Throughout the rewriting of the damned poet myth, Bolaño lights the way to an original way of perceiving but above all an original way of making literature. The myth of the damned poet, well know from Villon to Houellebecq, has been brighten up in Bolaño’s work and reintroduce in the Hispano-American literary imaginary. This version of the myth has become today a symbol that can be read in two ways: consummation product of an image or opened possibility of a secret meaning
Pagliarani, Ridolfi Sara. "I sistemi di Order Picking e le decisioni critiche per la loro progettazione e ottimizzazione: il caso Tulips S.r.l." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textHamou, Ahmed. "Relaxation et cristallisation d'alliages chalcogènes vitreux riches en sélenium : influence de la coordination de l'élément d'addition." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES001.
Full textTeissier, Yoann. "Metapopulation dynamics of dengue epidemics in French Polynesia." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB008.
Full textDengue has been epidemic in French Polynesia for the past 35 years. Despite the relatively small population size in French Polynesia, dengue does not disappear and can persist at low levels for many years. In light of the large number of islands comprising French Polynesia, this thesis addresses the extent to which a metapopulation context may be the most appropriate to describe the epidemiology and persistence of dengue in this case. After compiling a database of dengue cases over the last 35 years, we used a number of descriptive and statistical epidemiological analyses that revealed distinct spatio-temporal disparity in dengue incidence for archipelago and islands. But the global structure of the epidemics of the same serotype were not affected. Metapopulation analyses revealed asynchronous dengue incidence among many of the islands and most notably larger islands lagged behind the smaller islands. The critical community size, which determines dengue persistence, was found to exceed even the largest island of Tahiti, suggesting that dengue can only exist by island-hopping. Incorporation of island connectedness through patterns of human migration into a mathematical model enabled a much better fit to the observed data than treating the population as a whole. The metapopulation model was able to capture to some extent the epidemic and low level transmission dynamics observed for the period of 2001-2008. Further analyses on differentiating incidence of disease and infection will likely prove informative for the metapopulation model of dengue epidemiology in French Polynesia
Lauri, Marcus. "Narratives of governing : rationalization, responsibility and resistance in social work." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-119783.
Full textSverige har ett internationellt rykte för att ha en omfattande och kvinnovänlig välfärd. Även om riktigheten i en sådan uppfattning sedan länge ifrågasatts har på senare år, likt i många andra Europeiska länder, det svenska välfärdssystemet genomgått en omfattande förändring i avseende på dess räckvidd, men också dess organisering och styrning. Fokus för denna studie är just denna organisering och styrning, och mer specifikt, hur detta påverkar ett av välfärdens kanske mest centrala område: socialt arbete. Genom att intervjua socialarbetare undersöks i denna studie uttryck för och konsekvenser av en sådan förändring, bland annat genom att undersöka hur könsbundna föreställningar och förväntningar är sammanflätade med det sociala arbetets organisering och styrning. I studien konstateras att socialarbetare erfar att deras arbete genomgått omfattande förändringar, vilket kopplas ihop med både organiseringen och styrningen av det sociala arbetet. Detta uttrycks både i de ideal som kringgärdar arbetet men också i dominerande arbetssätt. En sådan förändring är införandet av omfattande dokumentationsprocedurer av socialarbetarens arbete och kontakt med klienter, vilket medför att kontakten med klienterna blir ytligare. Dokumentationsprocedurerna utgör också en sorts kontroll av både klienterna och socialarbetarna själva. En annan förändring som konstateras är att nya organisationsmodeller och en förändrad ledarskapskultur skapar förväntningar på socialarbetarna att vara lojala med organisationen och ledningen snarare än klienterna. Bland annat utrycks detta genom förväntningar att inte protestera och skapa dålig stämning på arbetsplatsen, men också genom uttalade krav att spendera så lite resurser som möjligt på klienterna; korta behandlingstider, öppenvårdsalternativ och orimligt hårda krav för att få ekonomiskt bistånd. Detta legitimeras genom sammanväxningen av flera olika ideal; budgetmedvetenhet, att klienter inte mår bra av långa institutionsvistelser, men också att klienterna ska tillåtas eller bör tvingas att klara att sig själva. Ett av studiens huvudresultat är att den nuvarande organiseringen och styrningen av socialt arbete skapar avstånd och likgiltighet. Genom flera sammankopplade ideal och arbetssätt styrs dagens socialarbetare till att bry sig mindre om de klienter de möter. På så sätt undermineras förutsättningarna för framväxten av en djup relation mellan socialarbetare och klient; 1) Idealet och kravet att socialarbetare ska arbeta utifrån evidens, det vill säga metoder och förhållningssätt som i speciellt utformade utvärderingsmodeller visat sig ha effekt, gör att väl strukturerade och rigida metoder ges företräde. Denna instrumentalisering underminerar ett flexibelt, relationsorienterat och helhetsfokuserat sätt att arbeta. Dessutom gör evidensidealets fokus på enskilda individer och avgränsade utvärderingstider att mer samhällsinriktat kritiskt och långsiktigt inriktat arbete undermineras. 2) Ett rationalitetsideal, tätt sammanbundet med föreställningar om professionalitet och maskulinitet, värderar objektivitet och förmågan att frikoppla socialarbetarens egna känslor från sitt arbete. Detta maskuliniserade professionsideal innebär att empati och solidaritet med klienten undergrävs. 3) Omfattande krav på olika former av dokumentation av det sociala arbetet gör att tiden som socialarbetaren har till sitt förfogande för att besöka och att ha möten med klienten blir knapp. 4) Ett allmänt samhällsideal kring individuellt ansvar och en särskild arbetsmetod (motiverande samtal) som många socialarbetare förväntas lära sig, framhäver klientens eget ansvar för och vilja till förändring. Detta legitimerar ett avståndstagande från klientens behov av hjälp och stöd enligt logiken ”du måste klara detta själv”. 5) En vanligt förekommande uppdelning av socialarbetarnas arbetsuppgifter i en så kallad beställar-utförarmodell gör att vissa socialsekreterare arbetar med hjälp och stöd, medan andra arbetar med bedömningar av klienters behov. De senare, som också har inflytande över resurstilldelning, blir med en sådan organisering av arbetet alltmer frikopplade från den stödjande och hjälpande verksamheten och kontakten med klienten. 6) Standardiserade digitala bedömningsinstrument, skapade för att på ett likvärdigt sätt bedöma klienters behov och dokumentera det sociala arbetet, reglerar och instrumentaliserar kontakten med klienter. 7) Tunga arbetsbördor, individualiserat ansvar och stress, bidrar ytterligare till att skapa avstånd och likgiltighet eftersom det för vissa utgör ett sätt att genomleva en ohållbar arbetssituation. En allmän åtstramning av socialtjänstens resurstilldelning förstås som en viktig orsak till behovet av att skapa ovan distansmekanismer. Men distansen hänger också ihop med en tendens till ett återupplivande av en tidigare dominerande förståelse av marginalisering och sociala problem; där människors nöd ses som ett utslag av dålig karaktär och ett resultat av dåliga individuella val. De förändringar av det sociala arbetets premisser som beskrivits ovan gör att socialarbetarna alltmer görs främmande inför sitt arbete – de alieneras. Detta främmandegörande uttrycks genom att inte kunna identifiera sig med arbetet självt, sina kollegor eller med sig själv. Ett sådant främmandegörande underminerar, eller fragmentiserar, både relationen till klienten, men också en känsla av gemenskap med andra socialarbetare. En gemenskap som kan utgöra ett ”vi” och ligga till grund för att ställa krav, protestera och göra motstånd mot avhumaniserande ideal och reformer. På så vis är främmandegörandet inte bara en konsekvens av dagens organisering och styrning, utan också något som fyller en viktig funktion för en sådan styrning och organisering, och genomförandet av en allmän åtstramning i socialpolitiken. Samtidigt som dagens organisering och styrning av socialt arbete är främmandegörande, slår vissa socialarbetare knut på sig själva och arbetar extra hårt för att täcka upp för systemets brister och krympande resurser, för att trots det svåra läget ändå försöka ge det stöd som de upplever att klienten behöver. Ett sådant historiskt förankrat femininiserat omsorgsideal, dvs känslor av ansvar och empati inför behövande och en ilska inför oförrätter, utgör därmed på samma gång grund för en fördjupad exploatering av socialarbetarna, och ett vardagligt motstånd mot rådande system. I ett läge när flera upplever att kollegialiteten som grund för motstånd på arbetsplatserna underminerats, utgör ett sådant omsorgsideal samtidigt också grunden för organiserat motstånd utanför arbetsplatsen, bortom chefernas insyn, kontroll och härskartekniker. Medan nuvarande styrningssystem underminerar ett visst sorts motstånd, uppstår samtidigt grunden för nya.
Blakey, Jennifer Helene. "Bodies online : a narrative inquiry-based critique of online learning /." 2003.
Find full textRadbooei, Azadeh. "L'aperception pure ou la distance de l'objet : une étude sur la subjectivité dans la Critique de la raison pure." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20299.
Full textDesrosiers, Martin. "Proximité à distance : les fonctions critiques de la mimêsis dans la pensée de Theodor W. Adorno." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13969.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to give meaning to a concept which, despite being central to the thought of Theodor W. Adorno, is notoriously difficult to grasp, and for that reason, has not received the critical attention it deserves: mimesis (Mimesis). More precisely, this thesis will present mimesis as a central principle which grounds the particular type of philosophical critique developed and defended by Adorno. Despite its different meanings – and they are numerous, as we shall see –, adornian mimesis is always invoked as a means of countering the heteronomous (that is to say, dehumanizing) tendencies at the heart of advanced capitalist societies. Above all, we will try to show that mimesis is presented by Adorno as a materialist corrective to the type of abstract rationality that underlies these societies. This task is a difficult one, since for all its normative importance, the concept of mimesis is never conceptualized as such by Adorno, but simply alluded to. We will try to compensate for this indeterminacy, firstly, by identifying the most fundamental normative underpinnings of Adorno’s thought (0.0. Introduction : les fondements normatifs de la critique adornienne), and secondly, by giving a full account of the different critical contributions that mimesis brings to it (1.0. Les fonctions critiques de la mimêsis adornienne). This exegetical and interpretative effort will enable us to see that Adorno’s concept of mimesis contains three distinct critical potentials. First, insofar as it is presented – especially in the works of the late 1930s and 1940s – as a psychosomatic impulse which gives lie, momentarily, to the violence inflicted on man’s interior and exterior nature by the reifying forces of instrumental rationality (Instrumentelle Vernunft), Adorno’s mimesis can be understood as a bioanthropological mimicry (Mimikry) (2.O. Mimikry : le potentiel bioanthropologique de la mimêsis). Secondly, insofar as it presented – more often in the works of the late 1950s and onward – as an epistemological competence by which the thinking subject is able to re-encounter and re-determine the objects of his experience, adornian mimesis can be seen to counteract the appropriative logic of identity thinking (identifizierendes Denken) (3.O. Affinität et Entäusserung : le potentiel épistémique de la mimêsis). Finally, insofar as it informs the radical artwork’s modus operandi – as it is defended by Adorno in his unfinished Aesthetic Theory –, that is, its capacity to subvert the constraints of the totally administered world (total verwaltete Welt) by incorporating them, adornian mimesis can be understood as a strategic Methexis, as a seditious tactic by which heteronomous forces can be at once anticipated and countered (4.0. Methexis subversive : le potentiel stratégique de la mimêsis). Thus, while looking to do justice to the rich polysemy of the concept of mimesis in Adorno, we would also like to show what, in all its forms, it points towards one form or another of resistance: as expression, exteriorization or subversion.
Gravel, Stéphanie. "Impartialité, objectivité et neutralité? : étude de pratiques enseignantes en Éthique et culture religieuse au Québec." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18461.
Full textLe programme québécois non confessionnel d’Éthique et culture religieuse (ECR) exige de ses enseignants une posture professionnelle d’impartialité et d’objectivité. Cette dernière suscite une controverse sociale et des poursuites judiciaires. Les détracteurs du programme, comme ses défenseurs, invoquent l’impartialité de l’enseignement pour justifier leur position, mais en y conférant un sens différent. Malgré l’importance de cette question, aucune recherche empirique ne propose d’analyser l’impartialité des enseignants. Sur le plan théorique, on rencontre une diversité d’usages des concepts. Cette thèse propose une clarification de la question, tant sur le plan théorique que pratique. Une analyse approfondie de la posture professionnelle d’impartialité exigée en ECR est effectuée en première partie. S’ensuit une clarification des concepts d’impartialité, d’objectivité et de neutralité. Si le terme neutralité semble dominer la littérature en éducation et en politique, l’objectivité est principalement utilisée pour définir la posture du chercheur scientifique et le savoir qu’il produit. De son côté, l’impartialité est le parent pauvre de la littérature, particulièrement en éducation. Elle se trouve mieux définie dans le domaine de la justice et du droit, qualifiant surtout l’impartialité du juge. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, la méthodologie, les résultats d’analyse d’entrevues et ceux des observations sont présentés en examinant comment les enseignants d’ECR problématisent et négocient avec l’exigence d’impartialité professionnelle. La thèse innove aussi en analysant tant le propos que la mise en pratique de cette exigence d’impartialité en ECR chez 12 enseignants « typiques » ou « exemplaires » au secondaire provenant de milieux socioculturels différents (écoles privées confessionnelles ou publiques non confessionnelles de milieu multiculturel ou non multiculturel), répondant aux questions suivantes : Comment les enseignants conçoivent-ils l’impartialité exigée en ECR? Comment l’impartialité exigée en ECR est-elle mise en pratique dans l’enseignement d’ECR au secondaire? Réalisées à partir d’une approche déductive thématique, les analyses transversales des observations non participantes en classe et des entrevues semi-directives d’enseignants permettent de cerner les liens existant entre l’analyse théorique des prescriptions du programme ECR réalisée en première instance et les données qualitatives recueillies en deuxième instance. Dans la discussion sont présentés les six principaux résultats se dégageant des analyses des 12 enseignants participants. Proposant une réflexion critique sur l’impartialité exigée en ECR, les résultats empiriques sont approfondis par les analyses théoriques, contribuant aussi à éclairer la question dans les domaines préoccupés par des défis professionnels similaires. Le premier résultat indique qu’il n’y a aucune influence des variables personnelles ou professionnelles des enseignants participants sur leur compréhension et leur mise en pratique de l’impartialité professionnelle exigée en ECR. Le deuxième rappelle qu’il existe une polysémie et une confusion conceptuelle entre les termes neutralité, impartialité et objectivité, tant chez nos enseignants que dans la littérature. La thèse propose à ce sujet des voies de clarification utiles. S’appuyant sur une typologie de l’impartialité élaborée en première partie, le troisième résultat explique que l’impartialité absolue ou « axiologique » est généralement rejetée. Le quatrième résultat rappelle que la notion de distance critique s’avère être le fondement de l’impartialité exigée en ECR. Le cinquième montre les différences entre l’impartialité religieuse et éthique, les questions d’endoctrinement religieux et d’expression ou non des croyances religieuses personnelles dominant la question de l’impartialité. Quant au sixième résultat, il résume les nombreux problèmes associés à l’exigence d’intervenir à partir des finalités du programme, ces finalités renvoyant à des concepts polysémiques et flous pour les enseignants.
The non-denominational Quebec program Ethics and Religious Culture (ERC) requires that its teachers adopt a professional stance that is both impartial and objective. The program has provoked social controversy and lawsuits, with its critics appealing to teacher impartiality to justify their position, but interpreting it differently than do its advocates. Despite the importance of this issue, no empirical research has been put forward to analyze teacher impartiality. As for theory, we find these concepts used in a wide variety of ways. This dissertation proposes to clarify the issue, from both a theoretical and practical perspective. In the first section, we present an in-depth analysis of the professional stance of impartiality required in ERC. Following that is an explanation of the concepts of impartiality, objectivity and neutrality. While the term ‘neutrality’ seems to dominate educational and political literature, objectivity is mainly used to describe the stance of scientific researchers and the knowledge they produce. As for impartiality, it is the ‘poor cousin’ in literature, especially in education. It is more clearly defined in the domains of justice and law, characterizing in particular a judge’s impartiality. In the second section of this dissertation, we present the methodology used and the results of analyzing interviews and observations, by examining how ERC teachers problematize and negotiate the requirement of professional impartiality. Our innovative approach analyzes not only the implementation of this ERC impartiality requirement, but the discourse of 12 ‘typical’ or ‘exemplary’ secondary school teachers from different sociocultural settings (private denominational or public non-denominational schools, with multicultural or non-multicultural environments). The teachers replied to the following questions: How do teachers conceptualize the impartiality required in ERC? How is the ERC impartiality requirement put into practice in ERC teaching in secondary schools? The use of a thematic deductive approach (transversal analyses of non-participant observations in class and semi-directed teacher interviews) allows for the identification of existing connections between a theoretical analysis of the ERC program in the first case and the qualitative data gathered in the second case. Six primary conclusions emerging from these analyses are discussed. Proposing a critical reflection on the impartiality required in ERC, empirical results are clarified by theoretical analyses, which also aids in understanding the issue in fields where similar professional challenges are faced. The first outcome indicates that personal or professional variables in teachers have no influence on their understanding and implementation of the professional impartiality required in ERC. The second emphasizes the existence of polysemy and conceptual confusion concerning the terms neutrality, impartiality and objectivity, in teachers’ minds as well as in literature. In this regard, this dissertation suggests some useful paths of clarification. Next, based on a typology of impartiality developed in the first section, the third result explains that absolute or ‘axiological’ impartiality is generally rejected. The fourth conclusion reminds us that the idea of critical distance proves to be the foundation of the impartiality required in ERC. The fifth outcome demonstrates the differences between religious and ethical impartiality, with issues of religious indoctrination and the expression or non-expression of personal religious beliefs dominating the issue of impartiality. Finally, the sixth result summarizes the numerous difficulties associated with the requirement of intervening in accordance with program goals, as these goals refer to concepts that teachers find to be polysemous and vague.