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Journal articles on the topic 'Distinctive individuality'
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1
Blumstein, Daniel T., Douglas R. Mcclain, Carrie De Jesus, and Gustavo Alarcón-Nieto. "Breeding bird density does not drive vocal individuality." Current Zoology 58, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/58.5.765.
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Abstract Many species produce individually specific vocalizations and sociality is a hypothesized driver of such individuality. Previous studies of how social variation influenced individuality focused on colonial or non-colonial avian species, and how social group size influenced individuality in sciurid rodents. Since sociality is an important driver of individuality, we expected that bird species that defend nesting territories in higher density neighborhoods should have more individually-distinctive calls than those that defend nesting territories in lower-density neighborhoods. We used Beecher’s information statistic to quantify individuality, and we examined the relationship between bird density (calculated with point-counts) and vocal individuality on seven species of passerines. We found non-significant relationships between breeding bird density and vocal individuality whether regressions were fitted on species values, or on phylogenetically-independent contrast values. From these results, we infer that while individuality may be explained by social factors, breeding bird density is unlikely to be generally important in driving the evolution of individually-specific vocalizations.
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Skultans, Vieda. "Individuality and Continuity in Narrating across Generations." Narrative Works 10 (May 3, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1076917ar.
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This article explores the commonalities of structure in the life histories of a mother and her daughter. I argue that sharing the same story does not preclude the existence of a strong and distinctive sense of self. Agency and selfhood are intimately connected with interpretation and the pursuit of understanding. In order to illuminate this relationship, I draw upon ideas of musical form and interpretation that suggest how this might come about.
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Morris‐Roberts, Kathryn. "Girls' friendships, ‘distinctive individuality’ and socio‐spatial practices of (dis)identification." Children's Geographies 2, no. 2 (August 2004): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733280410001720539.
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Yuxi, Ying, and Tian Mimi. "Innovative Design and Research on the Landscape in the Living Room of Distinctive Small Towns Based Upon the Multi-Dimensional Cultural Visualization Technology." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 04052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123604052.
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Benefited from the development of distinctive small towns in China, the visualized performance on the cultural characteristics of parlor landscape in distinctive small towns has drawn increasingly attention. In view of the absence of individuality in cultural elements, irrespective of the landscape space relations, monotonous cultural experience approaches and other existed problems on parlor landscape in towns, this paper integrated the survey of cases to summarize three design techniques which consisted of refining the cultural connotation, evolving the cultural space as well as activating the cultural show. In the meantime, it focused on studying the application of dynamic digital technology to reinforce the multi-dimensional visualization of culture, thus providing fresh ideas for the parlor landscape design in distinctive small towns.
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Beranek, Natasha. "Romani individuality? Ethnographic examples of distinctive social action within a local Czech Romani population." Acta Ethnographica Hungarica 59, no. 1 (June 2014): 113–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aethn.59.2014.1.7.
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Hughes, Geoffrey. "Introduction." Journal of Legal Anthropology 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jla.2019.030105.
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This issue’s forum continues a lively discussion of Nigel Rapport’s notion of ‘cosmopolitan politesse’ that was previously featured in these pages in the summer of 2018. Rapport has long proposed this sort of politesse as a ‘form of virtue’ and ‘good manners’ (2018: 93) premised on ‘the ontological reality of human individuality’, which in turn necessitates an ‘interactional code’ according to which we must presume both ‘common humanity’ but also ‘distinct individuality’ to the point where we ‘classif[y] the Other in no more substantive fashion than this’ (92). Given anthropology’s history of intricately taxonomising humans according to various criteria, this is indeed a challenging proposal – all the more so in the context of legal anthropology, where being subject to specific norms and laws is often taken to be constitutive of distinctive subjectivities, sensibilities and survival strategies. In this issue, Don Gardner responds, directing his critical attention towards the notion of personhood undergirding Rapport’s plea for a revitalised Kantian liberalism in an era of resurgent xenophobia and ethnonationalism. In the process, we see two accomplished scholars taking positions within (and consciously outside of) a whole range of classical debates in the Western philosophical cannon with pressing relevance for contemporary legal anthropology, from nature versus nurture to free will versus determinism, individualism versus collectivism and structure versus agency.
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Adamiw, Julia. "ART OF PEDAGOGICAL ACTION IN THE FORMATION OF TEACHER’S CREATIVE INDIVIDUALITY." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 15 (March 9, 2017): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2017.15.175880.
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This article presents the essence of the concept of «creative individuality». It is proved that among educators confirms the idea that not only the identity of the teacher, his attitude, willingness and ability to act creatively is now the decisive factors of the institution, but for the education of the younger generation must be magnitude, brightness and uniqueness of each teacher’s personality, the autonomy of his actions. Based on the pedagogical and psychological theories, the development of teacher’s creative individuality is the process of his unique identity, based on positive quantitative and qualitative changes in the levels of formation components of his creative individuality; turning him into a distinctive, unique, self-effective person capable to realize himself fully in educational activities. It is noted that creative individuality of the teacher is the essential feature of his professional and pedagogical skills that characterizes the level of mastery of his educational process and art of pedagogical action. Nowadays when the world is rapidly changing, the problem of the professional’s creative personality becomes more urgent. A special role in this process belongs to vocational school teacher who makes impact on his students and creates a generation of modern professionals: creative, responsible, skilled, with innovative style of thinking and their own professional style.
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Thomsen, Heidi M., Thorsten J. S. Balsby, and Torben Dabelsteen. "The imitation dilemma: can parrots maintain their vocal individuality when imitating conspecifics?" Behaviour 156, no. 5-8 (2019): 787–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003548.
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Abstract Many species of parrots live in fission–fusion social systems, characterised by frequent changes in flock composition. In these systems, the ability to selectively choose flock members is essential in order to maximise individual fitness. As a result, most species of parrots have individual distinctive contact calls that mediate the formation of groups during fission and fusion events. However, in vocal interactions during fission and fusion events, individuals will modify the fine-scale structure of their contact calls in a manner that sometimes will result in imitation of the contact calls of another individual, potentially altering or weakening the individual distinctiveness of contact calls. This presents parrots with an interesting dilemma. Here we present a study investigating the effect of vocal modification during interactions, including vocal imitation, on the individual distinctiveness and sex-specific differences of contact calls from ten captive bred peach-fronted conures (Eupsittula aurea). In order to determine if vocal individual- and sex distinctiveness persists in contact calls that are modified to that of another individual, we compared nine acoustic parameters from spontaneous (baseline) contact calls and contact calls emitted as response to a playback stimulus. Although modified, all acoustic parameters remained individually distinctive when the focal individuals interacted with the playback stimulus. These results provide a strong basis for discriminating between calls from different individuals across several social contexts, which could play an important role in mediating selective associations between individual peach-fronted conures during fission and fusion events.
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Moon, Jang Ho, and Yongjun Sung. "Individuality Within the Group: Testing the Optimal Distinctiveness Principle Through Brand Consumption." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 1 (February 7, 2015): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.1.15.
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In optimal distinctiveness theory, it is suggested that individuals pursue an optimally distinctive identity at the personal level when their collective identity no longer sustains the balance between need for assimilation and differentiation. We tested this assumption via 2 online experimental studies in the context of brand consumption. In Study 1, with 86 participants, we found that individuals with a high need for uniqueness were less likely to purchase brands used by the majority of members of an in-group when the group was homogeneous and the product was identity relevant because of their need for arousal of differentiation under these conditions. In Study 2, we temporarily primed need states of 93 participants and results supported the relationships we had observed in Study 1. By using brands as an identity-signaling mechanism, we found that the need for internal balance would be activated at the collective or personal level to ensure an individual's optimal distinctiveness.
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Lämmert, Eberhard. "Structuralism, Post-Structuralism and New Hermeneutics." MANUSYA 4, no. 1 (2001): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00401005.
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When in European scholarship natural sciences have separated from humanities during the 19th century the concept of hermeneutics won the distinctive mark characterizing the special methods of the humanities in contrast to explanation practiced by natural sciences. The high esteem in literary studies for the individuality of a poet or writer implied that the most important aim of understanding and interpreting was to find the authorʼs secret intention. Maintaining the results of such research in literary studies necessarily must remain subjective or even ideologically determined made the Russian formalists - -later the structuralists from Prague and Western Europe- -try to find a more scientific constitution of a poetic text.
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More, Octavian. "Liminal Spaces and the Ecomorphic Self in Alistair MacLeod’s Nova Scotian Narratives." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 66, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.1.19.
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"Liminal Spaces and the Ecomorphic Self in Alistair MacLeod’s Short Stories. Starting from the observation that Cape Breton Island, the distinctive setting of Alistair MacLeod’s fiction, is a “borderland” lying at the intersection of complementary elements (past – present, tradition – individuality, humans – environment), this paper proposes a general discussion of liminality in the author’s work as well as a close reading of two of his short stories, “The Road to Rankin’s Point” and “Island”, with the aim of highlighting how a relational, ecomorphic self-arises in the wake of symbolic encounters that lead to a reassessment of the subject’s position within their biological and cultural milieu. Keywords: Alistair MacLeod, Cape Breton, liminality, borderlands, ecomorphism. "
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N. Tkach, Elena, and Elena V. Sitnikova. "DISTINCTIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF PRESENT-DAY ADOLESCENTS –ACTIVE USERS OF SOCIAL MEDIA." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 6 (December 25, 2019): 1008–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76149.
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Purpose of the study: To Reveal and describe the distinctive personality traits of today’s adolescents who are active users of social media.
Methodology: The major methods employed to explore the researched problem were the interview and testing which allowed revealing and scrutinizing the explored psychological and pedagogical phenomena.
Main Findings: It was revealed that today’s adolescents who actively use social media have the proclivity for submission, rejection of responsibility and leadership, describe themselves as being selfish, self-centered, having an inclination towards rivalry and dominance, while their agemates perceive themselves as being friendlier and less inclined to dominance. This paper explains that the active use of social media by the adolescents today is driven by their need for communication, high levels of anxiety and determination to preserve their individuality. Teenagers who actively use social media are sensitive, impulsive, and expressive, have low self-control, maybe confrontational, tend to be self-indulgent and seek benefits in different life situations. The active use of social media is related to a strongly expressed keenness of the teenagers to communicate, while at the same time they have low motivation for spiritual self-fulfilment in the area of public activity.
Applications of this study: The applications are that the obtained results may be used in the psychological and pedagogical practice of work with adolescents, their parents, and teachers, as well as for professional training and qualification upgrade of teachers and psychologists.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study is that it allows for a deep psychological analysis of determinants and predictors of problems and difficulties faced by today’s teenagers.
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Harpaz, Guy. "The European Community’s Anti-Dumping Policy: The Quest for Enhanced Predictability, Rationality, European Solidarity and Legitimacy." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 5 (2003): 195–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802784351.
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I predict the Union of the people of Europe one day will come when you England, when you France, when you Germany, all of you nations of the continent without losing your own distinctive abilities and without losing your glorious individuality, will join together in a higher body and you will find European Brotherhood. Victor HugoThe interface between trade and competition has long been the focus of scholarship. Its international dimension has in recent years increasingly attracted the attention of commentators, international organisations in general and the European Community (EC) in particular, multilateral and regional judicial bodies, as well as nongovernmental organisations. This article analyses one dimension of this interface, namely the EC Anti-Dumping (AD) Policy directed at non-European dumped goods, and its relationship with the EC Competition Policy.
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Harpaz, Guy. "The European Community’s Anti-Dumping Policy: The Quest for Enhanced Predictability, Rationality, European Solidarity and Legitimacy." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 5 (2003): 195–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s152888700000433x.
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I predict the Union of the people of Europe one day will come when you England, when you France, when you Germany, all of you nations of the continent without losing your own distinctive abilities and without losing your glorious individuality, will join together in a higher body and you will find European Brotherhood. Victor Hugo The interface between trade and competition has long been the focus of scholarship. Its international dimension has in recent years increasingly attracted the attention of commentators, international organisations in general and the European Community (EC) in particular, multilateral and regional judicial bodies, as well as nongovernmental organisations. This article analyses one dimension of this interface, namely the EC Anti-Dumping (AD) Policy directed at non-European dumped goods, and its relationship with the EC Competition Policy.
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Tripp, T. M., and K. A. Otter. "Vocal individuality as a potential long-term monitoring tool for Western Screech-owls, Megascops kennicottii." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 5 (May 2006): 744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-055.
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Recent studies suggest that individually distinctive vocalizations found in many avian species can be used in population monitoring. In this study we assessed whether vocal identification of male Western Screech-owls ( Megascops kennicottii (Elliot, 1867)) was possible, and if it could be applied as a long-term monitoring tool. Recordings were collected between 2001 and 2003 from 28 territories on southern and central Vancouver Island. As a quantitative descriptor of the calls, a total of 17 variables were measured from each of 1125 calls. A discriminant function analysis resulted in 92.3% of calls being correctly classified to individual territories within one season and 87.3% of calls in a cross-validation of the model. Variables that showed the greatest discriminant ability included length of call, internote distance between first note and second note, and number of notes per call. Of the 14 territories that had owl calls recorded over 2 years, 4 appeared to be occupied by a different individual in the 2nd year, 7 had calls that were consistent between years, and 3 had calls that were ambiguously classified between years. Our results suggest that Western Screech-owl calls have enough individually recognizable characteristics to aid in the tracking of individuals both within and between years, allowing for long-term monitoring of individuals.
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Vilkončius, Evaldas. "Soviet Modernism in the Historic Context. The Cases of Vilnius and Panevėžys City Centers." Art History & Criticism 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mik-2017-0005.
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Summary In the history of Lithuanian architecture, the period of soviet modernism has made very problematical mark. The architectural and urbanist changes that were made in Lithuanian cities during this period are linked with the beginning and development of modern building practice. Many discussions causes the changes in the city centres that were made from the 1960s. New modern buildings that were built in the historic context changed its individuality and singularity. This article analyses architectural changes that were made from 1960s to1990s in the historic context of Vilnius and Panevėžys centres. The article suggests that during different decades of the soviet modernism period, the new architecture had a different approach to the historic context. To prove this suggestion, the article presents the most distinctive buildings that were built in the historic context of the selected city centres.
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Radzinowicz, Leon. "Penal Regressions." Cambridge Law Journal 50, no. 3 (November 1991): 422–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300016172.
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Baron Raffaele Garofalo's memorable treatise Criminology ends (almost as an afterthought) with an Appendix entitled “Outline of Principles Suggested as a Basis for an International Penal Code”. In barely twelve pages he formulates: principles of criminal liability; an enumeration of categories of offenders; a system of penalties to be adopted to combat crime; and some basic rules of procedure for bringing offenders to justice. Garofalo was not a cranky, lofty or flamboyant idealist. Together with Cesare Lombroso and Enrico Ferri he was the founder of the famous Positivist School of Criminology launched in Italy towards the end of the nineteenth century. He was a High Court Judge, a tough realist with a sharp and incisive mind. Staunch traditional conservative that he was, he might instead have been expected to advocate that each nation should be free to express its unique individuality through its own distinctive legal and penal edifice.
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Clor, Harry M. "Mill and Millians on Liberty and Moral Character." Review of Politics 47, no. 1 (January 1985): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500037724.
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This essay critically explores the efforts of John Stuart Mill and contemporary Millian scholarship to provide a utilitarian justification for a categorical principle of personal liberty. What is distinctive about Mill's argument is its pronounced emphasis upon character development as an essential constituent of happiness; the heart of the argument is that freedom of choice promotes a kind of elevated or worthy human character upon which happiness ultimately depends. Hence, society must be prevented from imposing any conventional or customary morality which would restrict individual autonomy. This case for the sovereignty of personal autonomy is infected with a number of difficulties and ambiguities. Central among these are weighty problems associated with Mill's crucial concept of individuality and its relation to human excellence or nobility of character. The refinements upon Millian doctrine introduced by his current supporters do not, and cannot, resolve its inherent ambiguities.
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Bigun, O. "The Psalms in French and Ukrainian Literatures: Versions by Clément Marot and Taras Shevchenko." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.3.4.76-83.
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The article deals with the first exemplars of the psalms translations into French and Ukrainian. Sociohistorical factors leading to a departure from canonical languages are analyzed. Similarities and differences in the process of psalms translation into national languages are identified. Translations of psalms are spread in those countries where the national language and literature are at the stage of search and formation. At that, both in Protestant and Catholic poetry one can easily trace the tendency for the departure from the original, the manifestation of individual author’s origin due to the movements for the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation which considerably changed attitude towards individuality. The Book of Psalms, having its problematic and thematic elaboration of the expression of human feelings, distinctive lyricism, strength and intensity of emotions, bright ideas, providential vigour, precision and great simplicity in the poetic representation of religious feeling, in this case became a universal model prototext which inspired poets to its further actualization
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Hawkins, Peter S. "All Smiles: Poetry and Theology in Dante." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 2 (March 2006): 371–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081206x129602.
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The greatest master of the “Gothic smile” was not one of the anonymous visual artists who made saints and angels beam in the mid-thirteenth century; rather, it was Dante. Smiling is the hallmark of the presumably “sage and serious” poet and a sign of his distinctive originality as a Christian theologian. While this is true as early as La vita nuova and the Convivio, the Commedia shows how Dante journeys toward the beatific vision of God through the smile (on the faces of Vergil, Beatrice, and others). Sorriso/sorridere and riso/ridere–as noun or verb, and apparently interchangeable in meaning–appear over seventy times in the poem, in a wide variety of contexts: twice in Inferno, on more than twenty occasions in Purgatory, and double that number in Paradiso. As he develops the poem, Dante uses the smile to express the unique individuality not only of the human being but also of the triune God. (PSH)
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Minardi, Michele. "The Oxus Route toward the South." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 24, no. 1-2 (November 5, 2018): 87–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341328.
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AbstractIn this contribution, in view of the striking evidence from the site of Akchakhan-kala which is casting a completely new light on the archaeology of the Chorasmian polity and the Central Asian region, I explore relations between Ancient Chorasmia and its neighbouring regions to the south, in particular Bactriana. I will try to argue that the oft-referred to favoured political relations of Chorasmia with the Arsacid empire, considering all the evidence now at our disposal, have been misjudged. The material culture of Ancient Chorasmia, throughout the history of the region, clearly shows the existence of a privileged, albeit not exclusive, exchange route toward the region to its south. Chorasmia has always been, since its birth in the 6th century BC, a bridge from the sedentary world toward the steppes and a polity with a distinctive culture that the scarcity of written sources has often deprived of historical individuality and speciously relegated to the periphery of modern western historiography, in the shadow of the better-known superregional powers that established control over Asia and Iran.
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Ashinova, K. "THE SEMANTIC ORGANIZATION OF DIPLOMATIC TERMS." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.23.
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This article provides a brief description of semantic processes such as expansion, contraction or specialization of meanings. Nowadays there is no common understanding and continuity of main semantic categories known in the field of linguistics. It is known such categories as sign (symbol), concept, meaning, types of linguistic meanings, absolute and relative semantic content and others are included in that.The main thing in terminology process is word meaning, and it is determined by main featuresof term concept. As a result of semantic development of ancient words and changes in internal semantic structure the new nominative semewill be defined. Language is directly related to processes of differentiation and integration. These processes are characterized by semantic interpretation of language signs in understanding and communication. The diplomatic terms are formed according to general rules of word formation striving for individuality and stylistic neutrality. The meaning of complex term does not derive from individual meaning of its components. The component function is equal to function of phonemes in single-root terms particularly in distinctive form. The article was prepared on the basis of written sources and literature.
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Vinson, V. "BIOCHEMISTRY: Distinctive Individualism." Science 320, no. 5872 (April 4, 2008): 23b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.320.5872.23b.
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Riley, Jonathan. "Rights to Liberty in Purely Private Matters: Part II." Economics and Philosophy 6, no. 1 (April 1990): 27–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267100000651.
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A claim that certain purely private matters should be beyond the reach of society's laws, moral rules, and other customs is central to the distinctive liberalism of John Stuart Mill. On Liberty, perhaps the most eloquent defense of individual liberty ever written, laments the hostility allegedly displayed in modern mass societies toward “the right of each individual to act [in private matters] as seems good to his judgement and inclinations” (1859, p. 271n.). In Mill's view, a free society must design its institutions with due regard for what he terms “individuality.” That is, public authority, whether in the form of law, customary opinion, or economic power, must be self-limiting so that it does not interfere with the rights of individuals to choose as they like with respect to such private concerns as religious faith, reading materials, living companions, and consumption of drugs and alcohol. Individuals and voluntary groups should be permitted to do whatever they prefer within their private spheres even if everyone else in society dislikes what they do, is annoyed by them, and actually chooses not to be around them or to befriend them (1859, pp. 276–91).
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Sodonis, Chloë. "Johannes Brahms’s Horn Trio and Its Unique Place in the Chamber Music Repertoire." Musical Offerings 12, no. 1 (2021): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2021.12.1.3.
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The purpose of this research is to explore the elements in Brahms’s Trio for Piano, Violin, and Horn in E-flat Major, op. 40, that contribute to its unique position in the vast and revered library of chamber music. These include Brahms's use of folksong, five-measure phrases, a variation on sonata form, developing variation, emotional elements, and unique instrumentation. The German folk song, Es soll sich ja keiner mit der Liebe abgeben is almost identical to the opening fourth movement theme of the horn trio. Brahms incorporates portions of this melody throughout all four movements of his horn trio which demonstrates an internal unity and cohesive use of folksong that contribute to his work’s individuality. This is one of many examples of Brahms’s attention to detail and use of surprising elements that allow his horn trio to stand out among thousands of other works. Through studying portions of Brahms’s Trio for Piano, Violin, and Horn in E-flat Major, op. 40., analyzing distinctive qualities of this work, and comparing these elements to those of other chamber works of the time, one can conclude that this piece has a unique place in the chamber music repertoire.
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McShane, Katie. "Individualist Biocentrism vs. Holism Revisited." Les ateliers de l'éthique 9, no. 2 (September 22, 2014): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026682ar.
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While holist views such as ecocentrism have considerable intuitive appeal, arguing for the moral considerability of ecological wholes such as ecosystems has turned out to be a very difficult task. In the environmental ethics literature, individualist biocentrists have persuasively argued that individual organisms—but not ecological wholes—are properly regarded as having a good of their own . In this paper, I revisit those arguments and contend that they are fatally flawed. The paper proceeds in five parts. First, I consider some problems brought about by climate change for environmental conservation strategies and argue that these problems give us good pragmatic reasons to want a better account of the welfare of ecological wholes. Second, I describe the theoretical assumptions from normative ethics that form the background of the arguments against holism. Third, I review the arguments given by individualist biocentrists in favour of individualism over holism. Fourth, I review recent work in the philosophy of biology on the units of selection problem, work in medicine on the human biome, and work in evolutionary biology on epigenetics and endogenous viral elements. I show how these developments undermine both the individualist arguments described above as well as the distinction between individuals and wholes as it has been understood by individualists. Finally, I consider five possible theoretical responses to these problems.
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Fatehi, Kamal, Jennifer L. Priestley, and Gita Taasoobshirazi. "The expanded view of individualism and collectivism: One, two, or four dimensions?" International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 20, no. 1 (April 2020): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470595820913077.
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Recent research to analyze and discuss cultural differences has employed a combination of five major dimensions of individualism–collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, femininity–masculinity (gender role differentiation), and long-term orientation. Among these dimensions, individualism–collectivism has received the most attention. Chronologically, this cultural attribute has been regarded as one, then two, and more recently, four dimensions of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism. However, research on this issue has not been conclusive and some have argued against this expansion. The current study attempts to explain and clarify this discussion by using a shortened version of the scale developed by Singelis et al. ((1995) Horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism: a theoretical and measurement refinement. Cross-Cultural Research 29(3): 240–275). Our analysis of aggregate data from 802 respondents from nine countries supports the expanded view. Data aggregation was based on the Mindscape Theory that proposes inter- and intracultural heterogeneity. This finding is reassuring to scholars who have been using the shortened version of the instrument because confirmatory factor analysis indicated its validity. The findings of the present study provides clarification of some apparent ambiguity in recent research in specifying some cultures such as India, Israel, and Spain as individualists or collectivists. By separating the four constructs, more nuanced classification is possible. Also, such a distinction enables us to entertain such concepts as the Mindscape Theory that proposes a unique intracultural and transcultural heterogeneity that do not stereotype the whole culture as either individualist or collectivist.
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Polishchuk, Yaroslav. "Між карнавалом і смертю. Львівський досвід 1939–1941 років." Slavica Wratislaviensia 168 (April 18, 2019): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.168.11.
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Concerning carnival and death: Lviv between 1939 and 1941The author of this article focuses on the distinctive cultural situation in Lviv between 1939 and 1941. In October 1939, the process of merging of writers from three ethnic groups Polish, Ukrainians and Jewish into a single organization called The Union of Soviet Writers began. Such a situation can be interpreted with the help of Bakhtin’s theory of carnival, especially while talking about the ambivalent behaviour of anti-communist writers. From another point of view, the main characteristics of the situation were fear, horror, and death threat, which each author experienced in his own way. The author of this article analyzes the memoirs of Ukrainian and Polish writers to portray this unexampled period and the repression of creative individuality by totalitarian authorities. Между карнавалом и смертью. Львовский опыт 1939–1941 годовВ статье освещается исключительная культурная ситуация, сложившаяся во Львове в период 1939–1941 годов. В октябре 1939 года начинается процесс объединения писателей трёх группировок польских, украинских и еврейских в единую организацию — Союз советских писателей. Ситуацию того времени имеет смысл интерпретировать в свете категории бахтинского карнавала. С одной стороны, это касается амбивалентной позиции писателей-антикоммунистов. С другой стороны, ее характеризует состояния боязни, ужаса и угрозы гибели, которые каждый по-своему переживали участники литературной жизни. На основании воспоминаний польских и украинских писателей можем оценить беспрецедентность момента, а также прессинг тоталитарной системы на творческую индивидуальность писателя.
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Anto Praveena, M. D., Mohana Krishna Eriki, and Dharma Teja Enjam. "Implementation of Smart Attendance Monitoring Using Open-CV and Python." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 3290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8179.
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Uniqueness or individuality of a person is his face. In this paper, face of an individual is used for the purpose of attendance taking automatically. Maintaining attendance of a student is very important task in all the institutes to check the performance of students. Every institute has its own way for taking attendance. Some of the institutes use paper or file based approach, and some are using methods of automatic attendance taking using biometrics methods which is very time consuming process. There are many methods available for this purpose. Facial recognition may be a unambiguously distinctive or corroboratory an individual by comparison and analysing the patterns supported person’s facial contours. Facial recognition is mostly used for security purposes at so many places. This process can be divided into two phases, processing before recognition where face detection takes place, and afterwards face recognition takes place through feature extraction and matching steps. This system uses the face recognition for taking automatic attendance of students in the classroom without student’s intervention. This attendance is recorded by using a camera that captures images of students and detect the faces after which it compares and faces are detected with the database and mark the attendance for the students. Attendance sheet will be generated and message will be sent to the parents.
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Dvoryashina, Nina A. "Semantic Space of Character’s Smile in Sholokhov’s Novel “The Quiet Don”." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 2021, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2021-2-39-53.
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The article is devoted to the study of the role of a smile in creating images of the characters of the novel of М. А. Sholokhov “The Quiet Don”, disclosing their psychological state. The study revealed that one of the important and distinctive techniques in characterizing this non-verbal gesture is its metaphorical description. Its analysis allowed the author of the article to come to the following results: 1) most often Sholokhov uses such varieties of this means of expressiveness as metaphors of light, temperature, movements reflecting not only the mental experiences of the characters, but also essential features of their characters; 2) words similar in semantics in the characteristic of a smile are distinguished by a variety of meanings in the transmission of feelings experienced by characters; 3) writer’s style is dominated by the dynamic form of transmitting this portrait detail: smile affects others, lives an «independent» life, physically changes the appearance of its carrier, obeys his strong-willed decisions; 4) it is not only a means of expressing a person’s psychological state, but a way of reflecting the interaction of its inner world with the surrounding reality; 5) this mimic gesture is distinguished by Sholokhov’s special emotional expressiveness, figurative identity. The results of the study are important for understanding the writer’s innovation in artistic knowledge of a person’s identity, an in-depth understanding of his creative individuality.
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Whapham, Theodore James. "Spirit as field of force." Scottish Journal of Theology 67, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930613000306.
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AbstractIt is a familiar refrain in various theological conversations that pneumatology has been woefully underdeveloped in Western theology since the time of Augustine. However, some theologians are working to correct this situation and to develop new ways of understanding the person of the Holy Spirit in ways which are faithful to traditional theological sources. Wolfhart Pannenberg is one such theologian. One way in which he seeks to revitalise contemporary pneumatology is by appealing to field theory as it has been developed in modern physics. Pannenberg justifies such a move by investigating the etymological and philosophical roots of both field theory and pneumatology in the Stoic understanding of the doctrine of the πνεῦμα as the field of all material existence. While the Stoic notion of field was rejected by the apologists as a way of understanding, because of its inherent materialism, this possibility has been reopened by modern physicists who have developed field theories as a way of understanding the animating and binding qualities of nature which are devoid of materialism. Pannenberg takes up this language in a distinctive way to describe the unity of the Godhead in order to avoid modalism and to undo emphasis on rationality which has been the central feature of much of modern Western pneumatology. He also draws upon field theory to understand the activity of the Spirit in creation as its animating and unitive property, while preserving the freedom and individuality of creaturely existence. The author argues that this distinctive feature of Pannenberg's use of field theory in pneumatology has laid the ground work for a renewed understanding of the role of the Spirit in creation and a new avenue of conversation between theology and the natural sciences. In particular, field theory should be seen as an important way of understanding the loving relations between persons which is grounded in a mutual self-giving which respects the individual, in contrast to those who ground love primarily in compassionate suffering.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. "Gulliver's further travels: the necessity and difficulty of a hierarchical theory of selection." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1366 (February 28, 1998): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0211.
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For principled and substantially philosophical reasons, based largely on his reform of natural history by inverting the Paleyan notion of overarching and purposeful beneficence in the construction of organisms, Darwin built his theory of selection at the single causal level of individual bodies engaged in unconscious (and metaphorical) struggle for their own reproductive success. But the central logic of the theory allows selection to work effectively on entities at several levels of a genealogical hierarchy, provided that they embody a set of requisite features for defining evolutionary individuality. Genes, cell lineages, demes, species, and clades, as well as Darwin's favoured organisms, embody these requisite features in enough cases to form important levels of selection in the history of life. R. A. Fisher explicitly recognized the unassailable logic of species selection, but denied that this real process could be important in evolution because, compared with the production of new organisms within a species, the origin of new species is so rare, and the number of species within most clades so low. I review this and other classical arguments against higher–level selection, and conclude (in the first part of this paper) that they are invalid in practice for interdemic selection, and false in principle for species selection. Punctuated equilibrium defines the individuality of species and refutes Fisher's classical argument based on cycle time. In the second part of the paper, I argue that we have failed to appreciate the range and power of selection at levels above and below the organismic because we falsely extrapolate the defining properties of organisms to these other levels (which are characterized by quite different distinctive features), and then regard the other levels as impotent because their effective individuals differ so much from organisms. We would better appreciate the power and generality of hierarchical models of selection if we grasped two key principles: first, that levels can interact in all modes (positively, negatively, and orthogonally), and not only in the negative style (with a higher level suppressing an opposing force of selection from the lower level) that, for heuristic and operational reasons, has received almost exclusive attention in the existing literature; and second, that each hierarchical level differs from all others in substantial and interesting ways, both in the style and frequency of patterns in change and causal modes.
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Bogucki, Marcin. "Nimfa, Ariadna, Licori. Kształtowanie kobiecej tożsamości w dziełach Claudia Monteverdiego." Res Facta Nova. Teksty o muzyce współczesnej, no. 20 (29) (December 15, 2019): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rfn.2019.20.6.
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This article analyses the way of setting lament and the theme of madness to music in the first half of the seventeenth century, on the example of the works of Claudio Monteverdi.
At that time the way of expressing states on the verge of madness was the lament as a distinctive musical form in the course of the composition. The discussion takes as its point of departure one of the most famous examples of lament from early seventeenth century, Claudio Monteverdi’s The Nymph’s Lament – an emotional outburst by the eponymous heroine, held within bounds by a chorus of male voices. The work is analysed in its musical aspect as well as in the context of the “video clip” advertising Anna Prohaska’s album Enchanted Forest.
An example of a lament by Monteverdi using other musical techniques is the monologue from the opera Arianna by its heroine, which became the model for later laments. Symbolically it presents a woman’s unsuccessful struggle for her right to individuality and the cultural role of arranged marriage. Its shape is influenced by the commedia dell’arte tradition.
The first opera directly concerned with the theme of madness is Monteverdi’s La finta pazza Licori. Also in this case inspiration came from commedia dell’arte. Even though this work was not completed, the available versions allow us to reconstruct the composer’s intentions and to show how the theme of madness came to make its appearance on operatic stages.
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DeCoursey, C. A., and Ewa B. Krawczyk. "The Marshallese look: Clothing, culture and identity in a disappearing world." Clothing Cultures 6, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cc_00019_1.
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Marshallese youth face extraordinary challenges in creating an identity, due to their economy, isolated location – the Marshall Islands are located in the central Pacific Ocean and comprise of more than 1200 islands and islets – the history of US nuclear testing in the islands and climate change. Contemporary youth identity construction requires constant acts of acculturation, due to media and globalization. This study used content and transitivity analyses to explore how Marshallese youth understand their distinctive look. Content sub-unit frequencies indicated that the Marshallese community was the most significant factor in defining style, particularly cultural uniqueness, history, religion and generational differences. Collective pronouns indicated that acculturation anxieties stemmed from cultural differences and loss and were managed by asserting community affiliation. Personal style preferences reflected contextual and financial limitations. Process-type analysis constructed culture as the most vigorous actor and speaker, where youth roles included perception and cognition, with other islands’ views mediating between the two. Roles attributed to the media and the West included emoting and wanting, where China more closely resembled Marshallese youth, though the ubiquity of western content may render its agency somewhat invisible to Marshallese youth. Overall, Marshallese youth harmonize their individuality within attributed community and contextual factors. This is likely to be their preferred strategy when they emigrate to the United States, a highly individualistic country. Marshallese parents and second-generation Marshallese will require support, in their new context.
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Raymond, Janice G. "Response." Hypatia 3, no. 2 (1988): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00075.x.
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This essay is a response to the comments and critique, included in this issue, of Claudia Card and Marilyn Friedman to my book, A Passion for Friends. In this response, I emphasize the crucial distinction between female separation and dissociation from the world, so as to register the difference between the positive and negative separations in which women are engaged. I also expand the discussion of individuality and individualism. The latter has arisen within the context of a feminist liberal campaign for sexual liberation which defends, among other things, sadomasochism, prostitution, pornography, and surrogacy.
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Needham, Stuart, and Sheridan Bowman. "Flesh-hooks, technological complexity and the Atlantic Bronze Age feasting complex." European Journal of Archaeology 8, no. 2 (2005): 93–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957105066936.
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Thirty-six Atlantic flesh-hooks are documented, classified and discussed after critical evaluation of previously identified examples and the addition of new ones. A chronological progression is shown from the more simple classes to the more complex from 1300 to 800 cal BC, but even the latter examples begin as early as c.1100 cal BC. Although highly distinctive, the Atlantic series derives ultimately from similar hooked instruments to the east and newly recognized Sicilian examples introduce an alternative path of dissemination from the more usually accepted intermediary route of the Urnfield culture. The rarity of flesh-hooks is striking and understanding of their social role needs to take into account not only their marked individuality in terms of technological construction or iconographic features, but also their relationship to other contemporary prestige feasting gear. The distributions of flesh-hooks and rotary spits are mutually exclusive over most of Atlantic Europe; thus, not only did they function differently at a practical level, but also at an ideological one. On the other hand, flesh-hooks and cauldrons have very similar distributions but they have a paucity of direct associations. Rather than implying a limited functional relationship, this is interpreted as resulting from their different symbolic meanings and thus different depositional practices. The zoomorphic imagery encountered on Atlantic spits and occasionally on flesh-hooks is found to be unique to each instrument and thus seen to contrast with that of the Urnfield world, suggesting the signalling of tribal or clan identity rather than an over-arching symbolism.
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Юмашев, Юрий, Yuriy Yumashev, Елена Постникова, and Elena Postnikova. "CONTEMPORARY STATE OF GERMAN COPYRIGHT LAW." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 3, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_593fc343b1df17.24854769.
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This article analyzes the common problems of German copyright law (GCL). The authors begin with the concept of copyright law, emphasizing the personal, absolute and inalienable GCL. It operates on the basis of the so-called “monistic doctrine”, whereby its indivisibility and the creative individuality of the author play a vital role.
Then the authors describe the sources of GCL (first of all, the Basic Law of Germany, the German Law on Copyright and Related Rights, the International Convention on Copyright, the Agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (trips) concluded under the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the primary and secondary law of the European Union).
Also there is an analysis of objects of GCL (copyrighted works) and their main elements: personal character, intellectual content, forms, and their perception of others. Original work must be the result of intellectual effort of the author, who is the subject of copyright.
The content of the GCL, the mechanism of its regulation and the scope of its application, including the dates of validity are
analyzed in present article.
Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of copyright and publishing contracts, issues of related rights, as well as a distinctive trait of GCL – the societies for the collective management of copyright and related rights. Also the article addresses civil and criminal penalties for violations of the GCL.
In conclusion the authors noted that the images of historically significant personalities can be published without their consent in a public and justice interests.
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PRIRODINA, ULYANA P. "SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION AND CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL CONTENT OF OTANTHROPONYMIC GODONYMS AND AGORONYMS IN STOCKHOLM." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 76, no. 4 (2020): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-195-205.
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This article is devoted to the consideration of otanthroponymic godonyms and agoronyms of Stockholm, containing the components-gata , -gränd , -väg , -torg , - plan , -backe taking into account semantics and cultural content. In the linguistic aspect, the definition of semantic classes, which are formed under the influence of extralinguistic factors, the identification of the cultural and historical specifics of geographical names is necessary for the formation of a general idea of the Swedish toponymic system and the disclosure of its distinctive characteristics. The sociocultural relevance of the work is due to the interest in the problem of studying toponyms as specific signs - carriers of information of an ethnocultural nature, alowing to reveal the peculiarities of the mentality of the people. The choice of material for the practical part of the work is motivated by the important role of urban objects in the life of society. The city, being the center of the nationʼ s life, reflects its cultural and ethnic characteristics. Active economic and international relations, intercultural communication are carried out through the city. The analysis of urban objects allows us to conclude that the Swedes strive to emphasize their identity, individuality, connection with the mythological past. The material for analysis was selected by continuous sampling from a modern detailed map of the city and written sources. The study uses general scientific and linguistic methods capable of interpreting diverse factual material: observation, description. In necessary cases, the comparison method and elements of etymological analysis are connected to the study of the material.
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Levine, Andrew. "Individualisms." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 20 (1994): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1994.10717396.
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Individualisms of various kinds are pervasive in the social sciences and in moral, social and political theory. Thus some social theorists maintain that individual human beings exist but that there is nothing distinctively social in their interactions that we must countenance ontologically (metaphysical individualism). Others argue that ‘social facts,’ whatever their ontological status, should be explained by facts about individuals (methodological individualism). And virtually all philosophers assume that the point of departure for addressing normative questions about social and political arrangements should be individuals and their interests. These are, of course, distinct claims. But they are sustained by similar intuitions. I believe that in general these intuitions are sound, but that the full-blown doctrines they suggest are importantly mistaken. In what follows, I shall focus on one aspect of this very general claim. I shall dispute the form of individualism that nowadays pervades (normative) political theory while endorsing the individualist intuitions that motivate it.
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Wu, Laurie, Kevin Kam Fung So, Lina Xiong, and Ceridwyn King. "The impact of employee conspicuous consumption cue and physical attractiveness on consumers’ behavioral responses to service failures." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-08-2017-0500.
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PurposeThere is a growing trend that hospitality brands are allowing employees to personalize their workplace display. Following this trend in practice, this paper aims to examine the influence of employees’ conspicuous consumption cues (ECCCs) on consumer responses toward service failures in luxury dining.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted. Study 1 adopted a 2 (ECCC: present vs absent) × 2 (employee physical attractiveness: control vs high) between-subject experiment to test the effect of ECCCs in interactional service failures. Study 2 tested the hypotheses in core service failures.FindingsThe results of Study 1 indicate that the presence of ECCCs lowers consumers’ negative behavioral intentions in interactional service failures when employees are highly attractive. When employees’ attractiveness is not distinctive, however, ECCCs lead to higher levels of negative behavioral intentions. Mediation test results demonstrate that perceived employee service competence drives this effect. Results of Study 2 show that the joint effect of ECCCs and physical attractiveness is attenuated when core service failures are not attributable to the service employee.Research limitations/implicationsExtending previous research, this study reveals the impact of employees’ physical characteristics on consumers’ post-failure responses. In addition, the effect of ECCCs on consumers’ post-failure responses was driven by the psychological process of perceived competence.Practical implicationsFindings of this research emphasize the importance for hospitality brands to practice tight control over employee esthetics. For hospitality brands that embrace individuality in the workplace, results of this research highlight the importance of service training in customer interactions.Originality/valueThis research examines an underexplored phenomenon in the hospitality service setting: employees’ display of conspicuous consumption cues and its impact on consumers’ responses to service failures.
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Noonan, Jeff. "Socialism, individuality, and the public/private distinction." Rethinking Marxism 12, no. 3 (September 2000): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08935690009359009.
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MAY, L. "INDIVIDUALLY DISTINCTIVE CORNCRAKECREX CREXCALLS: A PILOT STUDY." Bioacoustics 6, no. 1 (January 1994): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09524622.1994.9753269.
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MAY, L. "INDIVIDUALLY DISTINCTIVE CORNCRAKECREX CREXCALLS: A FURTHER STUDY." Bioacoustics 9, no. 2 (January 1998): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09524622.1998.9753388.
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Salinas, Pedro. "Esbozo de una genealogía del Yo. Una revisión del dispositivo narrativo de la subjetividad." Castalia - Revista de Psicología de la Academia, no. 36 (July 12, 2021): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/07198051.36.1997.
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A un nivel psicosocial, la experiencia del yo se encuentra inmersa en un régimen de dispersión y consecuente tensión que rige todos los ámbitos de la cultura humana que vinculan al colectivo con el individuo. En el presente escrito, quisiera abordar la problemática de un yo descentrado, comprendido como consecuencia de una noción moderna del sujeto que fue fuertemente influenciada por Descartes. En el ejercicio cartesiano de diferenciación del entorno y del sí mismo, el yo vio fortalecida su constitución autónoma y autorreflexiva que, en contraste con la noción pre-moderna del sujeto, se caracteriza por su individualidad y subjetividad. Estos rasgos, como será examinado, corresponden a dos órdenes distintivos de la experiencia del yo descentrado. A partir de ahí, se propondrá que el yo, como principal dispositivo narrativo y estético-epistemológico de la modernidad, sufriría un progresivo debilitamiento que sería advertido por primera vez por los aportes de Nietzsche.
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At a psychosocial level, the experience of the self is immersed in a regime of dispersion and a consequent tension which rules all scopes of human culture that links the collective with the individual. In the present work, I would like to approach the problematic of a decentered self, understood as a consequence of a modern notion of the subject, which was strongly influenced by Descartes. In the cartesian exercise of differentiation between environment and the oneself, the self was strengthened in its autonomous and self-reflective constitution that, by contrast with the premodern notion of the subject, is characterized for its individuality and subjectivity. As it will be examined, this feature corresponds to two distinctive orders of the experience of the decentered self. From there on, it will be proposed that the self, as the main narrative and aesthetic-ontological apparatus of modernity, would suffer a progressive weakening which would be first noticed by the contributions of Nietzsche.
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Степура, С. Н. "SPECIAL LANGUAGE MEANS IN BY JAMES JOYCE." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 2(50) (June 16, 2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.86.45.003.
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Постановка задачи. В статье рассматриваются средства выразительности в романе Дж. Джойса «Улисс», в тексте которого присутствуют практически все возможные стилистические приемы и фигуры речи. Базируясь на семантической двуплановости как отличительном признаке большинства образных средств, автор пытается проследить механизмы формирования языкового инструментария, характерного для модернистского произведения. Производится попытка понять, как происходит процесс порождения знаков в «Улиссе» и как их интерпретировать. Для этого особое внимание уделяется группе слов с большим семиотическим потенциалом. Результаты. Установлены некоторые языковые средства выразительности, характерные для романа «Улисс». Их отличительной особенностью является авторская индивидуальность, усиленная специфичностью романа «потока сознания», когда потенциал языка используется по-новому. Выводы. Образные средства способны придавать фигуральность любому художественному тексту. Однако создание модернистского романа «Улисс» потребовало от Джойса особых усилий в формировании языковых средств. Характерный признак данного произведения, поток сознания, спровоцировал использование лингвистического резерва несколько иным способом - бесконечными парадоксами, запутанными символами и ассоциациями. Нередко последнее связано с изменением семиозиса. Так, специфические средства создания образности в «Улиссе», заключающиеся в гротескности и эксцентричности, основываются на нарушении нормы языка, что приводит к многократному усилению эстетико-художественного эффекта в романе. Statement of the problem. The article examines the means of expression in J. Joyce's novel Ulysses , which contains virtually all possible stylistic devices: phonological, morphological, grammatical, syntactic and lexical. Based on the semantic duality as a distinctive feature of the majority of figurative means, the author tries to trace the mechanisms of the linguistic tools formation that could be characteristic of a modernist work. An attempt is made to understand how the process of generating signs in Ulysses takes place and thus how it can be interpreted. For this, special attention is paid to a group of words with great semiotic potential. Results. Some linguistic means of expressiveness characteristic of the novel Ulysses have been identified. Their main feature is the author's individuality reinforced by the specificity of the "stream of consciousness" novel, when the potential of the language is used in a new way. Conclusion. Different stylistic devices and expressive language means are able to make an impression and add figurativeness to any literary text. However, the creation of the modernist novel Ulysses required special efforts from Joyce in the formation of linguistic means. A distinctive feature of this work, the stream of consciousness, provoked the use of the linguistic potential in a slightly different way creating endless paradoxes, confusing symbols and associations. Often the latter is associated with the change in semiosis generation. Thus, the specific means of creating imagery in Ulysses lead to the language norm violation. In its turn, the grotesque and eccentricity bring multiple increase in the aesthetic and artistic effect in the novel.
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Gheusi, Gilles, Glyn Goodall, and Robert Dantzer. "Individually distinctive odours represent individual conspecifics in rats." Animal Behaviour 53, no. 5 (May 1997): 935–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0314.
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Zsebők, Sándor, Csaba Moskát, and Miklós Bán. "Individually distinctive vocalization in Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus)." Journal of Ornithology 158, no. 1 (August 11, 2016): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-016-1376-9.
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Antunes, Ricardo, Tyler Schulz, Shane Gero, Hal Whitehead, Jonathan Gordon, and Luke Rendell. "Individually distinctive acoustic features in sperm whale codas." Animal Behaviour 81, no. 4 (April 2011): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.12.019.
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Voldina, T. V., and T. G. Minniyakhmetova. "Vital essence of a human in concepts of the Ob Ugrians and the Udmurts: to the question about Permian-Ugric parallels in mytho-ritual traditions." Bulletin of Ugric studies 10, no. 3 (2020): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30624/2220-4156-2020-10-3-565-574.
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Introduction: the Ob-Ugric and Permian traditions have preserved elements of the ancient mythological consciousness, the study of which together with the available data of related sciences would shed light on the history of the formation of these ethnic cultures traditionally. The solution to such a complex problem is possible on the basis of a comparative analysis of the individual aspects of the perception of the worldview, including its basic values. The authors do not pretend to be unambiguous in their interpretation of limiting themselves for a start to the definition of a single worldview field with the existing of uniqueness, originality and individuality of the cultures of the communities under consideration. Objective: to examine the complexity of the general and specific ideas of the Khanty, Mansi and Udmurts about the components of the human spiritual essence (souls), its characteristic and exceptional properties, including reincarnation, family relations/ties and patronage of descendants under the perception of their traditional worldview of human life and its basic values. Research materials: the research materials are based on (a) the proceedings of the field study materials during interaction with the communities specified which are considered as the primary resources of the study undertaken by the researchers, (b) secondary materials are taken from the scientific articles, book chapters and literature etc. published so far, (c) similar research findings by the scholars in this area of study, and (d) archival resources of the nineteenth and twentieth century. Results and novelty of the research: the study of the ideas about the human soul among the examined ethnicities of the selected communities in this study have their own historical context; nevertheless, a comparative analysis of the findings lead to the novel reflections and conclusions those reveal both universal concepts for the ethnic groups and distinctive/specific characteristics peculiar to the Udmurts or the Ob-Ugrians. The Ugric and Permian people have a clear concept of the presence of two components in a human defined as two souls which are the necessary condition for a life. On the basis of this idea, certain judgments, norms of behavior, and ritual actions have been developed traditionally. The common ideas of these people are also based on the concepts about the role of the ‘mother goddess’ and the influence of the departed on the creation of the life and their ability to endow a newborn with a soul. A distinctive feature of the worldview of the Ob-Ugrians is the presence of a system of ideas about the reincarnation of the souls of the ancestors in descendants and about the connection between the soul and the flower(s) in the worldview of the Udmurts.
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Pudar, Goran, Ljiljana Vlaski, Danka Filipovic, and Ilija Tanackov. "Functional hearing examinations in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1 in regard to disease duration." Medical review 63, no. 5-6 (2010): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1006318p.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Problems of hearing disturbances in persons suffering from diabetes have been attracting great attention for many decades. Material and methods. In this study we examined the auditory function of 50 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1 of different duration by analyzing results of pure-tone audiometry and brainstem audi?tory evoked potentials. The obtained results of measuring were compared to 30 healthy subjects from the corresponding age and gender group. The group of diabetic patients was divided according to the disease duration (I group 0-5 years; II group 6-10 years, III group over 10 years). Results and discussion. A statistically significant increase of sensorineural hearing loss was found in the diabetics according to the duration of their disease (I group = 14.09%, II group = 21.39%, III group = 104.89%). The results of the brain stem auditory evoked potentials, the significance threshold being p=0.05 between the controls and the diabetics at all levels of absolute latency of right and left sides, did not show significant differences in the mean values. In the case of interwave latencies, the diabetic patients were found to have a significant qualitative difference of intervals I-III and I-V on both ears in the sense of internal distribution of response. In cases of sensorineural hearing loss we found a significant connection with prolonged latencies of I wave on the right ear and of I and V waves on the left ear. In all probability, the cause of these results could be found in distinctive individuality of the organism reactions to the consequences of this disease (disturbance in the distal part of n. cochlearis). Conclusion. The results of research have shown the existence of a significant sensorineural hearing loss in the patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 in accordance to the disease duration. We also found qualitative changes of brainstem auditory evoked potentials in the diabetic patients in comparison to the controls as well as significant quantitative changes in regard to the presence of sensorineural hearing loss of the patients.