Relevant bibliographies by topics / Distonic ion

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Distonic ion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Distonic ion"

1

Karapanayiotis, Thanasis, and Richard D. Bowen. "Differentiation of Ionised Benzimidazole from its Isomeric α-Distonic Ion by Collision-Induced Dissociation and Neutralisation—Reionisation Mass Spectrometry." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 11, no. 4 (August 2005): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.775.

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Ionised benzimidazole and its isomeric α-distonic ion (or ionised ylid) have been examined by recording their metastable ion, collision-induced dissociation and neutralisation–reionisation mass spectra. These tautomers may be distinguished by careful consideration of key features of the collision-induced dissociation spectra, with or without prior neutralisation and reionisation. Formation of doubly-charged ions by charge stripping occurs preferentially when the α-distonic ion is subjected to collision. This α-distonic ion survives neutralisation and reionisation, thus establishing that the corresponding ylid is stable on the microsecond time frame. The effects of benzannulation on the ease of differentiation of classical and distonic radical cations derived from biologically important heterocycles are considered.
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Gozzo, Fabio C., Luiz Alberto B. Moraes, Marcos N. Eberlin, and Kenneth K. Laali. "The First Nonclassical Distonic Ion." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 32 (August 2000): 7776–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja993749m.

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Milliet, Arielle, Eric Lecarpentier, and Henri-Edouard Audier. "Unimolecular reactions of βdistonic ion." Organic Mass Spectrometry 29, no. 2 (February 1994): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210290205.

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Stirk, Krista M., L. K. Marjatta Kiminkinen, and Hilkka I. Kenttamaa. "Ion-molecule reactions of distonic radical cations." Chemical Reviews 92, no. 7 (November 1992): 1649–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00015a008.

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Chou, Phillip K., Rebecca L. Smith, Leonard J. Chyall, and Hilkka I. Kenttamaa. "Reactivity of the Prototype Organosulfur Distonic Ion: .bul.CH2SH2+." Journal of the American Chemical Society 117, no. 15 (April 1995): 4374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00120a020.

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STIRK, K. M., L. K. M. KIMINKINEN, and H. I. KENTTAEMAA. "ChemInform Abstract: Ion-Molecule Reactions of Distonic Radical Cations." ChemInform 24, no. 22 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199322312.

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7

Traeger, John C., Charles E. Hudson, and David J. McAdoo. "The distonic ion˙CH2CH2CO+ and its formation from ionized cyclopentanone." Organic Mass Spectrometry 24, no. 4 (April 1989): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240406.

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8

van Amsterdam, Margot W., Paul O. Staneke, Steen Ingemann, and Nico M. M. Nibbering. "Gas-phase reactions of the sulphur distonic ion with alkenes." Organic Mass Spectrometry 28, no. 8 (August 1993): 919–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210280816.

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9

Chyall, Leonard J., and Hilkka I. Kenttamaa. "The 4-Dehydroanilinium Ion: a Stable Distonic Isomer of Ionized Aniline." Journal of the American Chemical Society 116, no. 7 (April 1994): 3135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00086a058.

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10

Kirchhoff, Dirk, Hans-Friedrich Grützmacher, and Hansjörg Grützmacher. "Trends in the Periodic System: The Mass Spectrum of Dimethylphenyl Phosphane and a Comparison of the Gas Phase Reactivity of Dimethylphenyl Pnictogene Radical Cations C6H5E(CH3)2•+, (E = N, P, As)." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 15, no. 2 (April 2009): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.940.

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The mass spectrometric reactions of dimethylphenyl phosphane, 1, under electron impact have been studied by methods of tandem mass spectrometry and by using labeling with deuterium. The results are compared to those for the previously investigated dimethylaniline, 2, and dimethylphenyl arsane, 3, to examine the effects of heavy main group heteroatoms on the reactions of radical cations of the pnictogen derivatives C6H5E(CH3)2. Decomposition of the radical cation 1•+ gives rise to large peaks in the 70 eV electron impact (EI) mass spectrum for loss of a radical, •CH3, which is followed by abundant loss of a molecule, H2, and formation of ion C7H7+, and the 70 eV EI mass spectrum of the deuterated derivative 1d3 shows that excessive positional hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange accompanies all fragmentation reactions. This is confirmed by the mass analyzed kinetic energy (MIKE) spectrum of the molecular ion 1d6•+ which displays a group of signals for the loss of all isotopomers, •C(H/D)3, and three signals for formation of ions C7H5D2+, C7H4D3+ and C7H3D4+. The intensity distribution within this latter group of ions corresponds to a statistical positional exchange (“scrambling”) of all six D atoms of the methyl substituents with only two H atoms of the phenyl group. In contrast, the intensity distribution of the signals for loss of •C(H/D)3 uncovers a bimodal reaction. About 39% of metastable molecular ions 1•+ eliminate •CH3 after scrambling of the six H atoms of the methyl substituents with two H atoms of the phenyl group, while the remaining 61% of metastable 1•+ lose specifically a CH3 substituent without positional H exchange. Further, the metastable ion [M – CH3]+ eliminates, almost exclusively, a molecule H2, which is preceded by excessive positional H/D exchange in the case of metastable ion [M – CD3]+. The formation of ion C7H7+ from metastable ion [M – CH3]+ is not observed and this is a minor process, even under the high energy condition of collision-induced dissociation (CID). The mechanisms of these fragmentation and exchange reactions have been modeled by theoretical calculations using the DFT functionals at the level UHBLY/6-311+G(2d,p)//UHBLYP/6-31+G(d). The key feature is a rearrangement of molecular ion 1•+ to an α-distonic isomer 1dist1•+ by a 1,2-H shift from the CH3 substituent to the P atom in competition with a direct loss of a CH3 substituent. The distonic ion 1dist1•+ performs positional H exchange between H atoms of both CH3 substituents and H atoms at the ortho-positions of the phenyl group and rearranges readily to the (conventional) isomer benzylmethyl phosphane radical cation 1bzl•+. The ion 1bzl•+ undergoes further positional H exchange before decomposition to ion C7H7+ and a radical CH3P•H or by loss of a radical •CH3. Finally, ions [M – CH3]+ of methylphenyl phosphenium structure 1a+ and benzyl phosphenium structure 1b+ interconvert easily parallel to positional H exchange involving all H atoms of the ions. Eventually, a molecule H2 is lost by a 1,1-elimination from the PH2 group of the protomer 1b–H+ of 1b+. The trends observed in the gas phase chemistry of the pnictogen radical cations dimethylaniline 2•+, dimethylphenyl phosphane 1•+ and dimethylphenyl arsane 3•+ can be comprehended by considering the variation of the energetic requirements of three competing reaction: (i) α-cleavage by loss of •H from a methyl substituent, (ii) rearrangement of the molecular ion to an α-distonic isomer by a 1,2-H shift and (iii) loss of •CH3 by cleavage of the C-heteroatom bond. 2•+ exhibits a strong N–C bond and a high activation barrier for 1,2-H shift and fragments far more predominantly by α-cleavage. Both 1•+ and 3•+ eliminate •CH3 by cleavage of the weak C-heteroatom bond. The barrier for a 1,2-H shift is also distinctly smaller than for 2•+ and, for the P-derivative 1•+, the generation of the α-distonic ion is able to compete with loss of •CH3.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Distonic ion"

1

Verbeck, Guido Fridolin. "Development of a variable-temperature ion mobility/ time-of-flight mass spectrometer for separation of electronic isomers." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2310.

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The construction of a liquid nitrogen-cooled ion mobility spectrometer coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was implemented to demonstrate the ability to discriminate between electronic isomers. Ion mobility allows for the separation of ions based on differing cross-sections-to-charge ratio. This allows for the possible discrimination of species with same mass if the ions differ by cross-section. Time-offlight mass spectrometry was added to mass identify the separated peak for proper identification. A liquid nitrogen-cooled mobility cell was employed for a two-fold purpose. First, the low temperatures increase the peak resolution to aid in resolving the separated ions. This is necessary when isomers may have similar cross-sections. Second, low temperature shortens the mean free path and decreases the neutral buffer gas speeds allowing for more interactions between the ions and the drift gas. Kr2+ study was performed to verify instrument performance. The variable-temperature ion mobility spectrometer was utilized to separate the distonic and conventional ion forms of CH3OH, CH3F, and CH3NH2 and to discriminate between the keto and enol forms of the acetone radical cation. Density functional theory and ab initio calculations were employed to aid in proper identification of separating isomers. Monte Carlo integration tools were also developed to predict ion cross-section and resolution within a buffer gas.
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2

Gozzo, Fábio Cesar 1972. "Sintese, estrutura, reatividade e propriedades de ions convencionais, distonicos e não-classicos na fase gasosa : aplicações da espectrometria de massa pentaquadrupolar." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248668.

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Orientador : Marcos N. Eberlin
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T20:58:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gozzo_FabioCesar_D.pdf: 3429674 bytes, checksum: 7e63629c54811bbd79dcb1b2935a68ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000
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3

Karapanayiotis, Thanassis, G. Dimopolos-Italiano, Richard D. Bowen, and J. K. Terlouw. "Reactions of Ionised Pryridazine, 2-Aminopyrazine and 2-Aminopyridine and their a-Distonic Isomers." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3659.

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The reactions of ionised pyridazine, aminopyrazine and aminopyridine and the corresponding ¿-distonic ions are examined by a combination of tandem mass spectrometric techniques, including analysis of metastable ion (MI), collision induced dissociation and neutralisation¿reionisation mass spectra (NRMS). Further insight into the relative stability and energy barriers towards tautomerism of each ionised heterocycle with its ¿-distonic isomer is obtained by computational methods. In all these systems, both the conventional radical-cation and the ¿-distonic tautomer are stable species which exist in discrete energy wells, with a significant barrier towards their interconversion. Although each ¿-distonic ion is sufficiently stable to survive neutralisation¿reionisation, the conventional ionised heterocycle is more stable in each case. The possibility of investigating proton-transport catalysis in the tautomerism of these ionic systems is discussed.
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Books on the topic "Distonic ion"

1

Civilizații de sticlă: Utopie, distopie, urbanism. Cluj-Napoca: Limes, 2013.

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2

Iluzia ipostaziată: Utopie și distopie în cultura română. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Limes, 2002.

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Mundus alter: Utopie e distopie nella commedia greca antica. Milano: Vita e Pensiero, 2001.

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4

Battaglia, Beatrice. La critica alla cultura occidentale nella letteratura distopica inglese. Ravenna: Longo, 2006.

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Santos, Gislene Aparecida dos. Reconhecimento utopia distopia: Os sentidos da política de cotas raciais. São Paulo, SP, Brasil: Fapesp, 2012.

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Battaglia, Beatrice. Nostalgia e mito nella distopia inglese: Saggi su Oliphant, Wells, Forster, Orwell, Burdekin. Ravenna: Longo, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Distonic ion"

1

Audier, H. E., J. Fossey, D. Leblanc, P. Mourgues, and V. Troude. "Intermediates in Ionic Gas Phase Organic Reactions: II. Distonic Ions." In Fundamentals and Applications of Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, 27–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4754-5_2.

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Journal articles
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