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Hsiao, Tsun-Yu, Nei-Chiung Perng, Winston Lo, Yue-Shan Chang, and Shyan-Ming Yuan. "A new development environment for an event-based distributed system." Computer Standards & Interfaces 25, no. 4 (August 2003): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(03)00007-2.
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Lu, Xiaonong, Baoqun Yin, Xiaofeng Zhang, Jie Cao, and Yu Kang. "Event-based optimization for admission control in distributed service system." Telecommunication Systems 62, no. 3 (September 25, 2015): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-015-0094-6.
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Muñoz, Cristina, and Pierre Leone. "A Distributed Event-Based System based on Compressed Fragmented-Iterated Bloom Filters." Future Generation Computer Systems 75 (October 2017): 108–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.02.021.
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Shi, Ruisheng, Yang Zhang, Lina Lan, Fei Li, and Junliang Chen. "Summary Instance: Scalable Event Priority Determination Engine for Large-Scale Distributed Event-Based System." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/390329.
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Data prioritization problem is paramount for distributed publish/subscribe infrastructure to the timely delivery of real-time events since a large number of low priority events may clog the channel thereby causing high priority events to get delayed. The challenge raised for the event-based middleware in large-scale distributed system such as vehicular ad hoc networks is that event priority determination engine must be efficient and scalable in terms of priority rule size and event throughputs. This paper proposes an innovative approach based on Bloom filter and event discretization. A Bloom filter data structure is used to store the rule instances and their priorities. The complex rule evaluation is reduced to set membership testing as queries on Bloom filters. The time complexity of data prioritization is constant and independent of the number of priority rules. As event discretization signatures can be cached, this approach is cache friendly in nature. The previous computation results can be cached in overlay network nodes and reused to improve the system throughputs and determination time. We have evaluated our proposed approach and the results show a significant performance improvement.
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Zhang, Sufang, Wei Wang, and Chi Huang. "Stabilization of Networked Distributed Systems with Partial and Event-Based Couplings." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/342465.
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The stabilization problem of networked distributed systems with partial and event-based couplings is investigated. The channels, which are used to transmit different levels of information of agents, are considered. The channel matrix is introduced to indicate the work state of the channels. An event condition is designed for each channel to govern the sampling instants of the channel. Since the event conditions are separately given for different channels, the sampling instants of channels are mutually independent. To stabilize the system, the state feedback controllers are implemented in the system. The control signals also suffer from the two communication constraints. The sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix equalities are proposed to ensure the stabilization of the controlled system. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the advantage of our results.
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Ivanov, Ievgen, Mykola Nikitchenko, and Uri Abraham. "Event-Based Proof of the Mutual Exclusion Property of Peterson’s Algorithm." Formalized Mathematics 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forma-2015-0026.
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Summary Proving properties of distributed algorithms is still a highly challenging problem and various approaches that have been proposed to tackle it [1] can be roughly divided into state-based and event-based proofs. Informally speaking, state-based approaches define the behavior of a distributed algorithm as a set of sequences of memory states during its executions, while event-based approaches treat the behaviors by means of events which are produced by the executions of an algorithm. Of course, combined approaches are also possible. Analysis of the literature [1], [7], [12], [9], [13], [14], [15] shows that state-based approaches are more widely used than event-based approaches for proving properties of algorithms, and the difficulties in the event-based approach are often emphasized. We believe, however, that there is a certain naturalness and intuitive content in event-based proofs of correctness of distributed algorithms that makes this approach worthwhile. Besides, state-based proofs of correctness of distributed algorithms are usually applicable only to discrete-time models of distributed systems and cannot be easily adapted to the continuous time case which is important in the domain of cyber-physical systems. On the other hand, event-based proofs can be readily applied to continuous-time / hybrid models of distributed systems. In the paper [2] we presented a compositional approach to reasoning about behavior of distributed systems in terms of events. Compositionality here means (informally) that semantics and properties of a program is determined by semantics of processes and process communication mechanisms. We demonstrated the proposed approach on a proof of the mutual exclusion property of the Peterson’s algorithm [11]. We have also demonstrated an application of this approach for proving the mutual exclusion property in the setting of continuous-time models of cyber-physical systems in [8]. Using Mizar [3], in this paper we give a formal proof of the mutual exclusion property of the Peterson’s algorithm in Mizar on the basis of the event-based approach proposed in [2]. Firstly, we define an event-based model of a shared-memory distributed system as a multi-sorted algebraic structure in which sorts are events, processes, locations (i.e. addresses in the shared memory), traces (of the system). The operations of this structure include a binary precedence relation ⩽ on the set of events which turns it into a linear preorder (events are considered simultaneous, if e1 ⩽ e2 and e2 ⩽ e1), special predicates which check if an event occurs in a given process or trace, predicates which check if an event causes the system to read from or write to a given memory location, and a special partial function “val of” on events which gives the value associated with a memory read or write event (i.e. a value which is written or is read in this event) [2]. Then we define several natural consistency requirements (axioms) for this structure which must hold in every distributed system, e.g. each event occurs in some process, etc. (details are given in [2]). After this we formulate and prove the main theorem about the mutual exclusion property of the Peterson’s algorithm in an arbitrary consistent algebraic structure of events. Informally, the main theorem states that if a system consists of two processes, and in some trace there occur two events e1 and e2 in different processes and each of these events is preceded by a series of three special events (in the same process) guaranteed by execution of the Peterson’s algorithm (setting the flag of the current process, writing the identifier of the opposite process to the “turn” shared variable, and reading zero from the flag of the opposite process or reading the identifier of the current process from the “turn” variable), and moreover, if neither process writes to the flag of the opposite process or writes its own identifier to the “turn” variable, then either the events e1 and e2 coincide, or they are not simultaneous (mutual exclusion property).
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Wang, Qing, Yao Yu, and Changyin Sun. "Distributed event-based consensus control of multi-agent system with matching nonlinear uncertainties." Neurocomputing 272 (January 2018): 694–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.08.012.
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Tripathi, Anand R., Devdatta Kulkarni, Harsha Talkad, Muralidhar Koka, Sandeep Karanth, Tanvir Ahmed, and Ivan Osipkov. "Autonomic configuration and recovery in a mobile agent-based distributed event monitoring system." Software: Practice and Experience 37, no. 5 (2007): 493–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/spe.777.
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Li, Kaixuan, Qingshan Liu, and Zhigang Zeng. "Quantized event-triggered communication based multi-agent system for distributed resource allocation optimization." Information Sciences 577 (October 2021): 336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2021.07.022.
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PASCHKE, ADRIAN, and HAROLD BOLEY. "RULE RESPONDER: RULE-BASED AGENTS FOR THE SEMANTIC-PRAGMATIC WEB." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 20, no. 06 (December 2011): 1043–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213011000528.
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Rule Responder is a Pragmatic Web infrastructure for distributed rule-based event processing multi-agent eco-systems. This allows specifying virtual organizations — with their shared and individual (semantic and pragmatic) contexts, decisions, and actions/events for rule-based collaboration between the distributed members. The (semi-)autonomous agents use rule engines and Semantic Web rules to describe and execute derivation and reaction logic which declaratively implements the organizational semiotics and the different distributed system/agent topologies with their negotiation/coordination mechanisms. They employ ontologies in their knowledge bases to represent semantic domain vocabularies, normative pragmatics and pragmatic context of event-based conversations and actions.
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Zhao, Chun Xi. "Design of Extended Event Service Model Based on CORBA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3069.
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In a distributed system, the event service reflects the mechanism between the sender and the recipient of the asynchronous event or flexible group communication. Based on the analysis of the CORBA event service model, the model for the limitations that exist, on the basis of the original model were effectively extensions.
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Pan, Muxuan, Xueshi Fan, Man Mei, and Jinquan Huang. "A New Scheduling Method for TTCAN-Based Turbofan Distributed Control System." International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines 37, no. 4 (November 18, 2020): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-0035.
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AbstractA hybrid-scheduling method, consisting of packing algorithm, genetic algorithm and priority promotion algorithm, was proposed for time-triggered CAN in this paper. We divided the basic cycles (BC) into synchronous phase for transmitting time-triggered messages and asynchronous phase for transmitting event-triggered messages. At the each end of BC, fault-tolerant windows were designed to improve the fault-tolerance. The First Fit Increasing and the genetic algorithm scheduled and optimized the transmission of time-triggered messages in the synchronous phase, and the priority promotion algorithm optimized the transmission of event-triggered messages in the synchronous phase. For the communication application of a TTCAN-based turbofan distributed control system, the new scheduling method improved the bandwidth utilization and arbitrary windows utilization to 99% and 9.3%.
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Qiu, Chang Quan, and Hong Lei Qin. "Research of the Wireless Distributed Test System Based on WLAN." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 6224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6224.
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It’s absolutely necessary to create distributed test system for distributed UUT. However, distributed test systems constructed by the existing test bus products such as GPIB, VXI, PXI and LXI are all wired communication network based, which cannot satisfy certain test requirements. In this paper, on the basis of research about wireless communication network expansibility of modern test instrument, the thesis puts forward wireless distributed test system based on WLAN, introduces topology architecture, MAC layer protocol and physical layer technology, and presents some solutions on the key issues such as real-time, clock synchronization and trigger synchronization, etc. As for clock synchronization, the paper describes synchronization mechanisms based TSF, TINY/MINI-SYNC algorithm and IEEE 1588 precise time protocol, and for trigger synchronization it presents methods based on command, event and time, etc.
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Zhou, Wei. "Fuzzy rules based efficient event-driven simulation of blockchain-based applications." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 8101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189633.
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Decentralized application (DAPP), replacing traditional business logic and data access layer with block chain, is a new form of Internet service. Testing DAPP requires large-scale distributed systems. Performing experiments in a real system is costly and difficult. This article carefully analyses the process of block generation and synchronization and explains the reasons for the low efficiency of block chain system simulation. We incorporate fuzzy rule based model for enhancing the logging system in blockchain. Rules based on fuzzy are utilized inside system of fuzzy logic to obtain outcome on basis of input variables. The data of Ethereum and Bitcoin proves that the block generation interval conforms to the exponential distribution, and the real PoW calculation can be replaced with random numbers. Both block verification and network propagation processes have latency, which can be simulated with asynchronous messaging. Based on the above analysis, this article proposes a high-performance simulation method based on event-driven model, which is suitable for describing the communication and synchronization behave our of block chain networks. The method can effectively describe the block generation, the synchronization process between nodes, and supports different equity proof forms. Using this method, the performance of the PoW systemis tested. Under the ecs.c6.xlargeinstance,the simulation running speed reaches 782 times of actual system. Further experiments show that this method can be efficiently used in larger-scale networks and is an effective tool for DAPP developing and testing.
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Lou, Xuyang, and Zhengxian Jiang. "Event-triggered control of spatially distributed processes via unmanned aerial vehicle." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 13, no. 6 (November 16, 2016): 172988141667513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416675138.
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This article concerns the problem of event-triggered observer-based output feedback control of spatially distributed processes under the autonomous operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The specific spatially distributed process is modeled within the distributed parameter systems framework. To control the considered distributed parameter system efficiently, we first estimate the states with an observer based on the measurement information from sensors. Then, an event-triggered observer-based controller is designed, which can reduce the frequency of signal transmissions between the observer and the controller. In contrast to normal sampled-data controller that is updated periodically, the event-triggered controller is updated only when an “event” happens. Moreover, the Zeno behavior is also excluded by proving there exists a lower bound for interexecution time. Numerical simulations are finally presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
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Wang, Shenquan, Yuenan Wang, Yulian Jiang, and Yuanchun Li. "Event-triggered based distributed H∞ consensus filtering for discrete-time delayed systems over lossy sensor network." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 40, no. 9 (December 11, 2017): 2740–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331217741959.
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This paper investigates the issue of event-triggered distributed H∞ consensus filtering for discrete time-varying delay systems over lossy sensor networks with stochastic switching topologies. For each sensor node, the event-triggering mechanism is given by an event detector, which determines whether to transmit the output measurement or not. The communication links between the event detector and the distributed filter are assumed to be over a lossy network, and the missing probability is governed by a set of random variables. Through available output measurements from not only the individual sensor but also its neighbouring sensors, according to the interconnection topology to estimate the system states, a sufficient condition is established for the desired distributed filter to ensure that the overall filtering dynamics are stochastically stable and achieve a prescribed distributed H∞ average performance. Meanwhile, the corresponding solvability conditions for the desired distributed filter gains are characterized in terms of feasibility linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
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Chen, Jia, Peng Wang, Shiqing Du, and Wei Wang. "Log Pattern Mining for Distributed System Maintenance." Complexity 2020 (December 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6628165.
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Due to the complexity of the network structure, log analysis is usually necessary for the maintenance of network-based distributed systems since logs record rich information about the system behaviors. In recent years, numerous works have been proposed for log analysis; however, they ignore temporal relationships between logs. In this paper, we target on the problem of mining informative patterns from temporal log data. We propose an approach to discover sequential patterns from event sequences with temporal regularities. Discovered patterns are useful for engineers to understand the behaviors of a network-based distributed system. To solve the well-known problem of pattern explosion, we resort to the minimum description length (MDL) principle and take a step forward in summarizing the temporal relationships between adjacent events of a pattern. Experiments on real log datasets prove the efficiency and effectiveness of our method.
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Muškinja, Miha, Paolo Calafiura, Charles Leggett, Illya Shapoval, and Vakho Tsulaia. "Raythena: a vertically integrated scheduler for ATLAS applications on heterogeneous distributed resources." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 05042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024505042.
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The ATLAS experiment has successfully integrated HighPerformance Computing resources (HPCs) in its production system. Unlike the current generation of HPC systems, and the LHC computing grid, the next generation of supercomputers is expected to be extremely heterogeneous in nature: different systems will have radically different architectures, and most of them will provide partitions optimized for different kinds of workloads. In this work we explore the applicability of concepts and tools realized in Ray (the high-performance distributed execution framework targeting large-scale machine learning applications) to ATLAS event throughput optimization on heterogeneous distributed resources, ranging from traditional grid clusters to Exascale computers. We present a prototype of Raythena, a Ray-based implementation of the ATLAS Event Service (AES), a fine-grained event processing workflow aimed at improving the efficiency of ATLAS workflows on opportunistic resources, specifically HPCs. The AES is implemented as an event processing task farm that distributes packets of events to several worker processes running on multiple nodes. Each worker in the task farm runs an event-processing application (Athena) as a daemon. The whole system is orchestrated by Ray, which assigns work in a distributed, possibly heterogeneous, environment. For all its flexibility, the AES implementation is currently comprised of multiple separate layers that communicate through ad-hoc command-line and filebased interfaces. The goal of Raythena is to integrate these layers through a feature-rich, efficient application framework. Besides increasing usability and robustness, a vertically integrated scheduler will enable us to explore advanced concepts such as dynamically shaping of workflows to exploit currently available resources, particularly on heterogeneous systems.
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Semeniuta, Oleksandr, and Petter Falkman. "Event-driven industrial robot control architecture for the Adept V+ platform." PeerJ Computer Science 5 (July 29, 2019): e207. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.207.
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Modern industrial robotic systems are highly interconnected. They operate in a distributed environment and communicate with sensors, computer vision systems, mechatronic devices, and computational components. On the fundamental level, communication and coordination between all parties in such distributed system are characterized by discrete event behavior. The latter is largely attributed to the specifics of communication over the network, which, in terms, facilitates asynchronous programming and explicit event handling. In addition, on the conceptual level, events are an important building block for realizing reactivity and coordination. Event-driven architecture has manifested its effectiveness for building loosely-coupled systems based on publish-subscribe middleware, either general-purpose or robotic-oriented. Despite all the advances in middleware, industrial robots remain difficult to program in context of distributed systems, to a large extent due to the limitation of the native robot platforms. This paper proposes an architecture for flexible event-based control of industrial robots based on the Adept V+ platform. The architecture is based on the robot controller providing a TCP/IP server and a collection of robot skills, and a high-level control module deployed to a dedicated computing device. The control module possesses bidirectional communication with the robot controller and publish/subscribe messaging with external systems. It is programmed in asynchronous style using pyadept, a Python library based on Python coroutines, AsyncIO event loop and ZeroMQ middleware. The proposed solution facilitates integration of Adept robots into distributed environments and building more flexible robotic solutions with event-based logic.
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LOPES, NUNO P., JUAN A. NAVARRO, ANDREY RYBALCHENKO, and ATUL SINGH. "Applying Prolog to develop distributed systems." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 10, no. 4-6 (July 2010): 691–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068410000360.
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AbstractDevelopment of distributed systems is a difficult task. Declarative programming techniques hold a promising potential for effectively supporting programmer in this challenge. While Datalog-based languages have been actively explored for programming distributed systems, Prolog received relatively little attention in this application area so far. In this paper we present a Prolog-based programming system, called DAHL, for the declarative development of distributed systems. DAHL extends Prolog with an event-driven control mechanism and built-in networking procedures. Our experimental evaluation using a distributed hash-table data structure, a protocol for achieving Byzantine fault tolerance, and a distributed software model checker—all implemented in DAHL—indicates the viability of the approach.
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Grimaila, Michael R., Justin Myers, Robert F. Mills, and Gilbert Peterson. "Design and Analysis of a Dynamically Configured Log-based Distributed Security Event Detection Methodology." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 9, no. 3 (March 15, 2011): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512911399303.
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Military and defense organizations rely upon the security of data stored in, and communicated through, their cyber infrastructure to fulfill their mission objectives. It is essential to identify threats to the cyber infrastructure in a timely manner, so that mission risks can be recognized and mitigated. Centralized event logging and correlation is a proven method for identifying threats to cyber resources. However, centralized event logging is inflexible and does not scale well, because it consumes excessive network bandwidth and imposes significant storage and processing requirements on the central event log server. In this paper, we present a flexible, distributed event correlation system designed to overcome these limitations by distributing the event correlation workload across the network of event-producing systems. To demonstrate the utility of the methodology, we model and simulate centralized, decentralized, and hybrid log analysis environments over three accountability levels and compare their performance in terms of detection capability, network bandwidth utilization, database query efficiency, and configurability. The results show that when compared to centralized event correlation, dynamically configured distributed event correlation provides increased flexibility, a significant reduction in network traffic in low and medium accountability environments, and a decrease in database query execution time in the high-accountability case.
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Wan, Xiaofeng, Ye Tian, Jingwan Wu, Xiaohua Ding, and Huipeng Tu. "Distributed Event-Triggered Secondary Recovery Control for Islanded Microgrids." Electronics 10, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10151749.
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Distributed cooperative control methods are widely used in the islanded microgrid control system. To solve the deviation of frequency and voltage caused by the droop control, it is necessary to recovery the frequency and voltage to the rated value using a secondary control strategy. However, the traditional communication method relies on the continuous periodic one, which makes the communication burden of the islanded microgrid system heavy and conflicts with the actual operation of the power grid. Using the secondary recovery control method based on the distributed event-triggered method, we conserve communication resources by reducing the number of transmissions of sampled data and achieving the recovery control of the frequency and voltage and the original proportional sharing of active power. In addition, we analyze the stability of the distributed event-triggered strategy and build a microgrid system with MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the control method. Furthermore, we compare with a traditional periodic communication system and demonstrate the superiority of our distributed event-triggered approach.
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NODINE, MARIAN, JERRY FOWLER, TOMASZ KSIEZYK, BRAD PERRY, MALCOLM TAYLOR, and AMY UNRUH. "ACTIVE INFORMATION GATHERING IN INFOSLEUTHTM." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 09, no. 01n02 (March 2000): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021884300000003x.
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InfoSleuth is an agent-based system that can be configured to perform many different information management activities in a distributed environment. InfoSleuthTM agents provide a number of complex query services that require resolving ontology-based queries over dynamically changing, distributed, heterogeneous resources. These include distributed query processing, location-independent single-resource updates, event and information monitoring, statistical or inferential data analysis, and trend discovery in complex event streams. It has been used in numerous applications, including the Environmental Data Exchange Network and the Competitive Intelligence System.
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Sohrabi, Zeinab, and Ehsan Mousavi Khaneghah. "CHALLENGES OF USING LIVE PROCESS MIGRATION IN DISTRIBUTED EXASCALE SYSTEMS." Azerbaijan Journal of High Performance Computing 3, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32010/26166127.2020.3.2.151.163.
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Virtual machine-based process migrator mechanisms have the potential to be used in distributed exascale systems due to their ability to execute process execution and support environments with the heterogenous of the computational unit. The ability to reduce process suspension time and use the concept of live process migrator makes it possible to use this mechanism to transfer processes in distributed exascale systems to prevent related process activity failure. The performance function of a virtual machine-based process migrator mechanism cannot manage dynamic and interactive events and the effects of this event on the mechanism operation and the change in the basic concept of system activity from the concept of the process to the concept of global activity. This paper examines the challenges of dynamic and interactive event occurrence on virtual machine-based process migrators by analyzing VM-based migrator's performance function
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Bemani, Ali, and Niclas Björsell. "Distributed Event Triggering Algorithm for Multi-Agent System over a Packet Dropping Network." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 4835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144835.
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The availability of wireless networked control systems (WNCSs) has increased the interest in controlling multi-agent systems. Multiple feedback loops are closed over a shared communication network in such systems. An event triggering algorithm can significantly reduce network usage compared to the time triggering algorithm in WNCSs, however, the control performance is insecure in an industrial environment with a high probability of the packet dropping. This paper presents the design of a distributed event triggering algorithm in the state feedback controller for multi-agent systems, whose dynamics are subjected to the external interaction of other agents and under a random single packet drop scenario. Distributed event-based state estimation methods were applied in this work for designing a new event triggering algorithm for multi-agent systems while retaining satisfactory control performance, even in a high probability of packet drop condition. Simulation results for a multi-agent application show the main benefits and suitability of the proposed event triggering algorithm for multi-agent feedback control in WNCSs with packet drop imperfection.
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Chen, Min. "Temporal-Based Video Event Detection and Retrieval." International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence 3, no. 4 (October 2012): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2012100103.
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The fast proliferation of video data archives has increased the need for automatic video content analysis and semantic video retrieval. Since temporal information is critical in conveying video content, in this chapter, an effective temporal-based event detection framework is proposed to support high-level video indexing and retrieval. The core is a temporal association mining process that systematically captures characteristic temporal patterns to help identify and define interesting events. This framework effectively tackles the challenges caused by loose video structure and class imbalance issues. One of the unique characteristics of this framework is that it offers strong generality and extensibility with the capability of exploring representative event patterns with little human interference. The temporal information and event detection results can then be input into our proposed distributed video retrieval system to support the high-level semantic querying, selective video browsing and event-based video retrieval.
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Liu, Yi, Sha Liu, Junyu Wang, Kan Qian, Yiwei Shi, Lirong Zheng, Feng Chen, and Ning Kong. "A Credible Food Traceability System Based on Domain Name System Security Extensions." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 14, no. 04 (April 26, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i04.8385.
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Food safety has drawn worldwide attention because of its enormous impact on human health and social stability. Although traceability systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) can improve the visibility of the food supply chain, the trust service is necessary to ensure the data origin and data integrity. This paper proposes a food traceability system supported by a trust service based on Domain Name System Security Extensions(DNSSEC). A DNSSEC-enabled traceability system is implemented for food safety in China. In the traceability system, the master data and event data of the products is stored in distributed databases owned and managed by the enterprises respectively in the supply chain. Enterprise oriented Internet of Things Information Service (iotIS) is an important component of the distributed traceability system. A trust service for the Internet of Things, iotTS, is proposed to guarantee the data integrity. With this service, it can be ensured that the information stored in the enterprise database is original and has never been manipulated. Lightweight public keys are distributed based on the DNSSEC in this solution. Compared with the existing solutions, the proposed solution has better scalability and credibility.
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Andriamiarina, Bruno, Dominique Méry, and Kumar Singh. "Revisiting snapshot algorithms by refinement-based techniques." Computer Science and Information Systems 11, no. 1 (2014): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis130122007a.
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The snapshot problem addresses a collection of important algorithmic issues related to distributed computations, which are used for debugging or recovering distributed programs. Among existing solutions, Chandy and Lamport have proposed a simple distributed algorithm. In this paper, we explore the correct-byconstruction process to formalize the snapshot algorithms in distributed system. The formalization process is based on a modeling language Event B, which supports a refinement-based incremental development using RODIN platform. These refinement-based techniques help to derive correct distributed algorithms. Moreover, we demonstrate how other distributed algorithms can be revisited. A consequence is to provide a fully mechanized proof of the resulting distributed algorithms.
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Costa, Daniel G., Francisco Vasques, Paulo Portugal, and Ana Aguiar. "A Distributed Multi-Tier Emergency Alerting System Exploiting Sensors-Based Event Detection to Support Smart City Applications." Sensors 20, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010170.
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The development of efficient sensing technologies and the maturation of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm and related protocols have considerably fostered the expansion of sensor-based monitoring applications. A great number of those applications has been developed to monitor a set of information for better perception of the environment, with some of them being dedicated to identifying emergency situations. Current IoT-based emergency systems have limitations when considering the broader scope of smart cities, exploiting one or just a few monitoring variables or even allocating high computational burden to regular sensor nodes. In this context, we propose a distributed multi-tier emergency alerting system built around a number of sensor-based event detection units, providing real-time georeferenced information about the occurrence of critical events, while taking as input a configurable number of different scalar sensors and GPS data. The proposed system could then be used to detect and to deliver emergency alarms, which are computed based on the detected events, the previously known risk level of the affected areas and temporal information. Doing so, modularized and flexible perceptions of critical events are provided, according to the particularities of each considered smart city scenario. Besides implementing the proposed system in open-source electronic platforms, we also created a real-time visualization application to dynamically display emergency alarms on a map, demonstrating a feasible and useful application of the system as a supporting service. Therefore, this innovative approach and its corresponding physical implementation can bring valuable results for smart cities, potentially supporting the development of adaptive IoT-based emergency-aware applications.
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Wang, Yongheng, Xiaozan Zhang, and Zengwang Wang. "A Proactive Decision Support System for Online Event Streams." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 17, no. 06 (November 2018): 1891–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622018500463.
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In-stream big data processing is an important part of big data processing. Proactive decision support systems can predict future system states and execute some actions to avoid unwanted states. In this paper, we propose a proactive decision support system for online event streams. Based on Complex Event Processing (CEP) technology, this method uses structure varying dynamic Bayesian network to predict future events and system states. Different Bayesian network structures are learned and used according to different event context. A networked distributed Markov decision processes model with predicting states is proposed as sequential decision making model. A Q-learning method is investigated for this model to find optimal joint policy. The experimental evaluations show that this method works well for congestion control in transportation system.
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Naghdy, Fazel, and Naeem Anjum. "Discrete-event modelling, simulation and control of a distributed manipulation environment." Robotica 15, no. 2 (March 1997): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574797000209.
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Conventional robotics has proved to be inflexible and non-generic. The concept of Distributed Manipulation Environment (DME) is introduced to overcome some of these shortcomings. This concept proposes a distributed approach to robotics and flexible automation. The work is concerned with modelling, simulation and event based control of DME. The modelling, conducted both at the atomic and the coupled level, is quite generic and provides a framework for static and dynamic behaviour analysis of DME systems. The simulation models serve as a mean of performance evaluation of the system on a computer before the actual implementation in real time. The event-based controller provides a simple and robust control scheme. The controller, itself, can be tested, validated and finely tuned through simulation before implementation. The feasibility of the modelling technique is demonstrated through a case study.
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Zhang, Hong, Changshun Chen, and Feng Wei. "Observer-Based Leader-Following Consensus of General Linear Multiagent Systems Based on Novel Event Trigger Mechanism with Input Time Delay under Directed Graphs." Complexity 2021 (July 1, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4760249.
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This paper considers the tracking and containment consensus for the general linear systems with input time delays under directed communication networks. The distributed observer-based algorithm on the basis of event-triggering mechanism will be designed by using only neighboring agents information. In this way, we can save network resource effectively. The event-based protocol with input time delays will be proposed for the leader-follower systems. Appropriate feedback gain matrices and trigger parameters can be designed by using Lyapunov stability theory. Based on the designed control algorithm, if the feedback gain matrices and the event trigger are designed appropriately, the leader-follower general linear system can eventually reach tracking and containment consensus. Then, two simulation results are provided to demonstrate the practicability of the theoretical analysis.
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Xiao, Fuyuan, Cheng Zhan, Hong Lai, Li Tao, and Zhiguo Qu. "New parallel processing strategies in complex event processing systems with data streams." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 13, no. 8 (August 2017): 155014771772862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147717728626.
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Sensor network–based application has gained increasing attention where data streams gathered from distributed sensors need to be processed and analyzed with timely responses. Distributed complex event processing is an effective technology to handle these data streams by matching of incoming events to persistent pattern queries. Therefore, a well-managed parallel processing scheme is required to improve both system performance and the quality-of-service guarantees of the system. However, the specific properties of pattern operators increase the difficulties of implementing parallel processing. To address this issue, a new parallelization model and three parallel processing strategies are proposed for distributed complex event processing systems. The effects of temporal constraints, for example, sliding windows, are included in the new parallelization model to enable the processing load for the overlap between windows of a batch induced by each input event to be shared by the downstream machines to avoid events that may result in wrong decisions. The proposed parallel strategies can keep the complex event processing system working stably and continuously during the elapsed time. Finally, the application of our work is demonstrated using experiments on the StreamBase system regardless of the increased input rate of the stream or the increased time window size of the operator.
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Tang, Zhi Wei, and Xi Xuan Wu. "One Intelligent Video Surveillance System Based on DM642." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.392.
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This article introduces an intelligent surveillance distributed system based on TMS320DM642. The system platform has many functions, such as OSD (on screen display), analog video output, digital video output, Hard Disk, Ethernet and so on. DM64. User can set the rules via the management software. The video input from analog cameras and IP cameras can be processed by DM642 according to the rules. If any event happens which acts against the rules, alarm will be given. The system provides immediate, accurate and intelligent services for users. In order to realize the complex image processing algorithms on DM642, we optimize the algorithms based on DSP and propose a series of rapid image processing algorithms. The design of the project puts the emphasis on the feasibility of distributed high-performance processing from both hardware and software aspects, which may be easily applied to other large scale or hard real-time intelligent information processing.
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Shi, Yi, Yuanye Wang, Lei Zhao, and Zhun Fan. "An Event Recognition Method for Φ-OTDR Sensing System Based on Deep Learning." Sensors 19, no. 15 (August 4, 2019): 3421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153421.
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Phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) based distributed optical fiber sensing system has been widely used in many fields such as long range pipeline pre-warning, perimeter security and structure health monitoring. However, the lack of event recognition ability is always being the bottleneck of Φ-OTDR in field application. An event recognition method based on deep learning is proposed in this paper. This method directly uses the temporal-spatial data matrix from Φ-OTDR as the input of a convolutional neural network (CNN). Only a simple bandpass filtering and a gray scale transformation are needed as the pre-processing, which achieves real-time. Besides, an optimized network structure with small size, high training speed and high classification accuracy is built. Experiment results based on 5644 events samples show that this network can achieve 96.67% classification accuracy in recognition of 5 kinds of events and the retraining time is only 7 min for a new sensing setup.
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Wen, Jiayan, Haijiang Zhang, Guangxing Tan, Ning Cai, and Guangming Xie. "Distributed Event-Triggered Circle Formation Control for Multiagent Systems with Nonuniform Quantization." Complexity 2021 (August 7, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6684849.
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This article focuses on circle formation control problem of multiagent systems based on event-triggered strategy under limited communication bandwidth. In such system, each agent can only perceive the angular distance of its nearest neighbor in the counterclockwise direction, and the angular distance of the nearest neighbor in the clockwise direction needs to be obtained by communicating with each other. In order to address the aforementioned problem, a novel distributed algorithm based on the combination of nonuniform quantitative communication technology and event-triggered control is proposed. Sufficient conditions on circle formation control are derived under which the states of all agents can be confirmed to converge to some desired equilibrium point. Different from the traditional uniform quantization communication framework, nonuniform quantization can be beneficial for handling small signals and improving the performance of multiagent systems concerned. Furthermore, under the proposed policy, all the designed quantizers do not emerge saturated. Numerical simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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Esteve Bosch, Raúl, José F. Toledo Alarcón, Vicente Herrero Bosch, Ander Simón Estévez, Francesc Monrabal Capilla, Vicente Álvarez Puerta, Javier Rodríguez Samaniego, Marc Querol Segura, and Francisco Ballester Merelo. "The Event Detection System in the NEXT-White Detector." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020673.
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This article describes the event detection system of the NEXT-White detector, a 5 kg high pressure xenon TPC with electroluminescent amplification, located in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc (LSC), Spain. The detector is based on a plane of photomultipliers (PMTs) for energy measurements and a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) tracking plane for offline topological event filtering. The event detection system, based on the SRS-ATCA data acquisition system developed in the framework of the CERN RD51 collaboration, has been designed to detect multiple events based on online PMT signal energy measurements and a coincidence-detection algorithm. Implemented on FPGA, the system has been successfully running and evolving during NEXT-White operation. The event detection system brings some relevant and new functionalities in the field. A distributed double event processor has been implemented to detect simultaneously two different types of events thus allowing simultaneous calibration and physics runs. This special feature provides constant monitoring of the detector conditions, being especially relevant to the lifetime and geometrical map computations which are needed to correct high-energy physics events. Other features, like primary scintillation event rejection, or a double buffer associated with the type of event being searched, help reduce the unnecessary data throughput thus minimizing dead time and improving trigger efficiency.
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Sadeghi, Maryam, and Majid Gholami. "IEC 61499 in Distributed Control of Weather Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 3929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.3929.
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Distributed Control System (DCS) equipping the new design methodology comprises an open architecture for intelligent and agile control of distributed control systems by developing a novel international standard “IEC 61499” evolving the event driven functional modules distributed to field devices and interconnected among multiple controllers. It is investigated for predicting the short term power demand using weather and ambient conditions such as temperature, humidity, season, wind and precipitation. Forecasting algorithm simulated via Function Block Development Kit (FBDK) using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). FLC is an advanced method for prediction and control of nonlinear system which is based on fuzzy logic concept comprising an algorithms formulated by linguistically expert rules. Precise mathematical model free system, robustness and flexibility in the event of parameter variations are the most advantages of FLC. In this approach three distributed weather stations are defined for estimating the power demand in a small area using IEC 61499 DCS standard and FLC as a prediction logic. IEC 61499 intensifies flexibility by capability in adaption and system reconfiguration in regard of environment changes, results on cost reduction and diminutions the industrial automation complexity. It increasingly enlarges the adaptability of proposed control system, enhances the system portability, interoperability and develops configurability. IEC 61499 facilitates world trade by swooping technical barriers to trade, eventuates the neoteric markets and economic growth and leads to a strong trend towards distributed automation systems.
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Lei, Qi, and Ying Luo. "Event-Triggered-Based External Consensus Protocol of RBF-ARX-Model-Based Networked Multiagent Systems with Nonlinear Dynamics and Communication Delays." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (April 2, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5530878.
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An event-triggered-based external consensus control protocol with delay compensation for networked multiagent systems (NMASs) with nonlinear dynamics and network-induced delays is discussed in this paper. An RBF-ARX modelling method is adopted to approximate a nonlinear system. By utilizing the RBF-ARX model, the locally linearized time series model can be obtained to describe the behaviour of agents with nonlinear characteristics. An event-triggered control protocol with communication delay compensation is proposed to reduce the effects of network-induced delays and the times of the agent’s control update and communication between others by applying the idea of a prediction strategy. The event-triggered mechanism for each agent only depends on the deviation between its own output and the delay-compensated output of neighboring agents. Then, a distributed event-triggered-based and delay-compensated external consensus control protocol is given. Under this proposed control protocol, both the consensus and stability of the system can be proved. Finally, a numerical simulation is performed to verify the availability of our results.
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Xie, Xiong, Tao Sheng, and Liang He. "Distributed Attitude Synchronization for Spacecraft Formation Flying via Event-Triggered Control." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 6299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146299.
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The distributed attitude synchronization control problem for spacecraft formation flying subject to limited energy and computational resources is addressed based on event-triggered mechanism. Firstly, a distributed event-driven controller is designed to achieve attitude coordination with the limitation of energy and computing resources. Under the proposed control strategy, the controller is only updated at the event triggering instants, which effectively reduces the update frequency. Subsequently, an event-triggered strategy is developed to further decrease energy consumption and the amount of computation. The proposed event-triggered function only requires the latest state information about its neighbors, implying that the trigger threshold does not need to be calculated continuously. It is shown that the triggering interval between two successive events is strictly positive, showing that the control system has no Zeno phenomenon. Moreover, the update frequency of the proposed controller can be reduced by more than 90% compared to the update frequency of the corresponding time-driven controller with an update frequency of 10 Hz by choosing appropriate control parameters and the control system can still achieve high-precision convergence. Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed control scheme is verified by numerical simulations.
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Dima, Sofia Maria, Christos Antonopoulos, and Stavros Koubias. "On Event/Time Triggered and Distributed Analysis of a WSN System for Event Detection, Using Fuzzy Logic." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9350928.
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Event detection in realistic WSN environments is a critical research domain, while the environmental monitoring comprises one of its most pronounced applications. Although efforts related to the environmental applications have been presented in the current literature, there is a significant lack of investigation on the performance of such systems, when applied in wireless environments. Aiming at addressing this shortage, in this paper an advanced multimodal approach is followed based on fuzzy logic. The proposed fuzzy inference system (FIS) is implemented on TelosB motes and evaluates the probability of fire detection while aiming towards power conservation. Additionally to a straightforward centralized approach, a distributed implementation of the above FIS is also proposed, aiming towards network congestion reduction while optimally distributing the energy consumption among network nodes so as to maximize network lifetime. Moreover this work proposes an event based execution of the aforementioned FIS aiming to further reduce the computational as well as the communication cost, compared to a periodical time triggered FIS execution. As a final contribution, performance metrics acquired from all the proposed FIS implementation techniques are thoroughly compared and analyzed with respect to critical network conditions aiming to offer realistic evaluation and thus objective conclusions’ extraction.
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Sirjani, Marjan, Edward A. Lee, and Ehsan Khamespanah. "Verification of Cyberphysical Systems." Mathematics 8, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8071068.
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The value of verification of cyberphysical systems depends on the relationship between the state of the software and the state of the physical system. This relationship can be complex because of the real-time nature and different timelines of the physical plant, the sensors and actuators, and the software that is almost always concurrent and distributed. In this paper, we study different ways to construct a transition system model for the distributed and concurrent software components of a CPS. The purpose of the transition system model is to enable model checking, an established and widely used verification technique. We describe a logical-time-based transition system model, which is commonly used for verifying programs written in synchronous languages, and derive the conditions under which such a model faithfully reflects physical states. When these conditions are not met (a common situation), a finer-grained event-based transition system model may be required. We propose an approach for formal verification of cyberphysical systems using Lingua Franca, a language designed for programming cyberphysical systems, and Rebeca, an actor-based language designed for model checking distributed event-driven systems. We focus on the cyber part and model a faithful interface to the physical part. Our method relies on the assumption that the alignment of different timelines during the execution of the system is the responsibility of the underlying platforms. We make those assumptions explicit and clear.
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Liu, Huiyang, and Xiaoshuang Wang. "Couple-Group Consensus for Multiagent Systems via Time-Dependent Event-Triggered Control." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (September 9, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2947643.
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This paper investigates couple-group consensus problems for multiagent first-order and second-order systems. Several consensus protocols are proposed based on the time-dependent distributed event-triggered control. For the case of no communication delays, the time-dependent event-triggered strategies are applied to couple-group consensus problems. Based on the matrix theory, algebraic conditions for couple-group consensus are established. For the system with communication delays, based on event-triggered strategies, a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is constructed to prove the input-to-state stability of the systems. Moreover, Zeno behavior is excluded. Finally, numeral examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of these results.
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Choi, Sang-Min, Jiho Park, Kiyoung Jang, and Chihyun Park. "Rapid Consensus Structure: Continuous Common Knowledge in Asynchronous Distributed Systems." Mathematics 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8101673.
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A distributed system guarantees the acceptance of Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) for information transmission. Practical BFT (pBFT) and asynchronous BFT (aBFT) are among the various available forms of BFT. Distributed systems generally share information with all participating nodes. After information is shared, the systems reshare it. Thus, ensuring BFT consumes a considerable amount of time. Herein, we propose Decision search protocols that apply the gossip protocol, denoted by DecisionBFT, for distributed networks with guaranteed BFT. Each protocol in DecisionBFT is completely asynchronous and leaderless; it has an eventual consensus but no round-robin or proof-of-work. The core concept of the proposed technology is the consensus structure, which is based on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) and gossip protocol. In the most general form, each node in the algorithm has a set of k neighbors of most preference. When receiving transactions, a node creates and connects an event block with all its neighbors. Each event block is signed by the hashes of the creating node and its k peers. The consensus structure of the event blocks utilizes a DAG, which guarantees aBFT. The proposed framework uses Lamport timestamps and concurrent common knowledge. Further, an example of a Decision search algorithm, based on the gossip protocol DecisionBFT, is presented. The proposed DecisionBFT protocol can reach a consensus when 2/3 of all participants agree to an event block without any additional communication overhead. The DecisionBFT protocol relies on a cost function to identify the k peers and generate the DAG-based consensus structure. By creating a dynamic flag table that stores connection information between blocks, the gossip protocol achieves a consensus in fewer steps than that in the case of the existing aBFT protocol.
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Zhang, Chengxi, Jin Wu, Yulong Huang, Yu Jiang, Ming-zhe Dai, and Mingjiang Wang. "Constructive schemes to spacecraft attitude control with low communication frequency using sampled-data and encryption approaches." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 93, no. 2 (March 19, 2021): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-08-2020-0157.
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Purpose Recent spacecraft attitude control systems tend to use wireless communication for cost-saving and distributed mission purposes while encountering limited communication resources and data exposure issues. This paper aims to study the attitude control problem with low communication frequency under the sampled-data. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose constructive control system structures based on quantization and event-triggered methods for intra-spacecraft and multi-spacecraft systems, and they also provide potential solutions to shield the control system's data security. The proposed control architectures can effectively save communication resources for both intra-spacecraft and multi-spacecraft systems. Findings The proposed control architectures no longer require sensors with trigger-ing mechanism and can achieve distributed control schemes. This paper also provides proposals of employing the public key encryption to secure the data in control-loop, which is transmitted by the event-triggered control mechanism. Practical implications Spacecraft attempts to use wireless communication, yet the attitude control system does not follow up promptly to accommodate these variations. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed control structures can save communication resources of control-loop in multi-sections effectively, and systematically, by rationally configuring the location of quantization and event-triggered mechanisms. Originality/value This paper presents several new control schemes and a necessary condition for the employment of encryption algorithms for control systems based on event-based communication.
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Han, Fei, Yan Song, Sunjie Zhang, and Wangyan Li. "Local condition-based finite-horizon distributed H∞-consensus filtering for random parameter system with event-triggering protocols." Neurocomputing 219 (January 2017): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2016.09.022.
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Huang, Chang Biao, Kai Yong Jiang, and Xi Peng Xu. "A New Approach to the Communication of the Distributed Collaborative System Based on COM+." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 1148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.1148.
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In this paper COM+ based on Microsoft .NET is adopted to realize a Distributed Collaborative System (DCS). This system adopts a complex architecture combined C/S with B/S to reduce the remote communication and improve the performance. By means of IE or other browsers, a client can download client tool, register or login, search or publish information via the collaborative website. After installing the client tool, a client can automatically receive the collaborative requests or invitations from the collaborative server and collaborate with other participators. The system utilizes COM+ services to realize the Distributed Synchronous Communication (DSC) and Distributed Asynchronous Communication (DAC). Loosely Coupled Event (LCE) service can make DSC true easily and effectively. Transaction service, Queued Component (QC) service and Windows NT Service can be applied to realize DAC efficiently and reliably.
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Trung Kien, Le. "Neuromonitoring and neuroclassification of crime events in distributed network." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (May 18, 2020): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.54.
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Systemic analysis of criminal events and situations in some distributed network is a pressing problem not only of law enforcement structures, but also of the authorities, the whole society. In the investigation of each the crime requires speed, as well as completeness, accuracy and low uncertainty of the event. Effective investigation requires the involvement of IT procedures based not only on criminology, but also on psychology, mathematics, system analysis, computer science and other fields of knowledge. Only in this way can we analyze the goals, situations and tasks, develop and take decisions to counter crime not only in Vietnam, but also in many countries, including Russia. It's important to have not only methodology, but also technology, methods and tools. The work separately explores the monitoring tools of crime events. A systematic analysis of the problem has been carried out, on the basis of which methods of transition from traditional monitoring of a specific (problem-oriented) criminal situation to intellectual, systemic monitoring of the entire criminal environment have been proposed. Criminological identification of an event is a complex and multidimensional problem. The system analysis carried out will make it possible to formulate assessment measures, for example, based on neural systems. Procedures of neuro-classification and neuro-clustering of crime events, including mathematical and neural, as well as evaluation of efficiency of the conducted criminal policy are proposed. Methods of system analysis have been used - analysis-synthesis, decomposition, aggregation, identification, classification and monitoring, as well as mathematical and neural network modeling. This will improve the quality of crime analysis, both theoretically (modelling) and application (forecasting of counter-crime results). It's noted that multilevel and fragmented monitoring system does not contribute to operational law enforcement practice, IT-oriented monitoring is proposed.
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Subramanian, K., and M. Zargham. "Distributed and Parallel Demand Driven Logic Simulation Algorithms." VLSI Design 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/12503.
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Based on the demand-driven approach, distributed and parallel simulation algorithms are proposed. Demand-driven simulation ties to minimize the number of component evaluations by restricting to only those component computations required for the watched output requests. For a specific output value request, the input line values that are required are requested to the respective component. The process continues until known signal values are needed (system input signal values). We present a distributed demand-driven algorithm with infinite memory requirement (but still the memory required at each process is no greater than the sequential demand-driven simulation), and a parallel demand-driven simulation with finite memory requirement. In our algorithms, each component is assigned a logical process.The algorithms have been implemented on the Sequent Balance 8000 Multi-processor machine. Several sample circuits were simulated. The algorithms were compared with the distributed discrete-event simulation. Our distributed algorithm performed many times faster than the discrete-event simulation for cases when few results were needed. Parallel algorithm performed 2 to 4 times faster than the distributed discrete-event simulation.
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Xiong, Linyun, Penghan Li, Chao Wang, Sunhua Huang, and Jie Wang. "Adaptive Droop Gain-Based Event-Triggered Consensus Reactive Power Sharing in Microgrids." Energies 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051152.
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This paper proposes an adaptive droop gain-based consensus approach for reactive power sharing in microgrids (MGs) with the event triggered communication protocol (ETCP). A multi-agent system-based network is constructed to establish the communication with distributed generators (DGs) in MGs. An ETCP is proposed to reduce the communication among agents to save resources and improve system reliability, as the communication is only needed when the event triggered condition is fulfilled. A stability analysis is conducted to guarantee the existence of the equilibrium point and the freeness of the Zeno solution. Moreover, an adaptive droop gain is designed to reduce the impact of imbalanced feeder impedances. Four case studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the ETCP-based approach is capable of achieving power sharing consensus, communication reduction and shifting the information exchange mode based on the operation scenarios.