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Journal articles on the topic 'Distributed sensing pressure sensing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Becker, Matthew, Thomas Coleman, Christopher Ciervo, Matthew Cole, and Michael Mondanos. "Fluid pressure sensing with fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing." Leading Edge 36, no. 12 (December 2017): 1018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle36121018.1.

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2

Wang, Long, Sumit Gupta, Kenneth J. Loh, and Helen S. Koo. "Distributed Pressure Sensing Using Carbon Nanotube Fabrics." IEEE Sensors Journal 16, no. 12 (June 2016): 4663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2016.2553045.

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3

Dong, Yongkang. "High-Performance Distributed Brillouin Optical Fiber Sensing." Photonic Sensors 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-021-0616-7.

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AbstractThis paper reviews the recent advances on the high-performance distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing, which include the conventional distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing based on backward stimulated Brillouin scattering and two other novel distributed sensing mechanisms based on Brillouin dynamic grating and forward stimulated Brillouin scattering, respectively. As for the conventional distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing, the spatial resolution has been improved from meter to centimeter in the time-domain scheme and to millimeter in the correlation-domain scheme, respectively; the measurement time has been reduced from minute to millisecond and even to microsecond; the sensing range has reached more than 100 km. Brillouin dynamic grating can be used to measure the birefringence of a polarization-maintaining fiber, which has been explored to realize distributed measurement of temperature, strain, salinity, static pressure, and transverse pressure. More recently, forward stimulated Brillouin scattering has gained considerable interest because of its capacity to detect mechanical features of materials surrounding the optical fiber, and remarkable works using ingenious schemes have managed to realize distributed measurement, which opens a brand-new way to achieve position-resolved substance identification.

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4

Ahmadi, Mahdi, Rajesh Rajamani, Gerald Timm, and A. Serdar Sezen. "Flexible Distributed Pressure Sensing Strip for a Urethral Catheter." Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 24, no. 6 (December 2015): 1840–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2015.2444992.

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5

Zhu, Xiongfeng, Tianxing Man, Xing Haw Marvin Tan, Pei-Shan Chung, Michael A. Teitell, and Pei-Yu Chiou. "Distributed colorimetric interferometer for mapping the pressure distribution in a complex microfluidics network." Lab on a Chip 21, no. 5 (2021): 942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0lc00960a.

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6

Hao, Peng, Chao Yu, Ting Feng, Zeheng Zhang, Mingliang Qin, Xin Zhao, Hua He, and X. Steve Yao. "PM fiber based sensing tapes with automated 45° birefringence axis alignment for distributed force/pressure sensing." Optics Express 28, no. 13 (June 9, 2020): 18829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.391376.

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7

Sun Qizhen, 孙琪真, 汪静逸 Wang Jingyi, 张. 威. Zhang Wei, 向. 阳. Xiang Yang, 艾. 凡. Ai Fan, and 刘德明 Liu Deming. "Polymer packaged longitudinal microstructured fiber based distributed pressure sensing system." Infrared and Laser Engineering 45, no. 8 (2016): 802003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla201645.0802003.

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8

Levi, Alessandro, Matteo Piovanelli, Silvano Furlan, Barbara Mazzolai, and Lucia Beccai. "Soft, Transparent, Electronic Skin for Distributed and Multiple Pressure Sensing." Sensors 13, no. 5 (May 17, 2013): 6578–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130506578.

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9

Yu, Li, Steven Parker, Haifeng Xuan, Yujing Zhang, Shan Jiang, Maryam Tousi, Majid Manteghi, Anbo Wang, and Xiaoting Jia. "Flexible Multi‐Material Fibers for Distributed Pressure and Temperature Sensing." Advanced Functional Materials 30, no. 9 (January 3, 2020): 1908915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201908915.

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10

Chen, Tong, Qingqing Wang, Rongzhang Chen, Botao Zhang, Charles Jewart, Kevin P. Chen, Mokhtar Maklad, and Phillip R. Swinehart. "Distributed high-temperature pressure sensing using air-hole microstructural fibers." Optics Letters 37, no. 6 (March 12, 2012): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.37.001064.

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11

Bastianini, Filippo, Raffaella Di Sante, Francesco Falcetelli, Diego Marini, and Gabriele Bolognini. "Optical Fiber Sensing Cables for Brillouin-Based Distributed Measurements." Sensors 19, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 5172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235172.

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Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing (Brillouin D-FOS) is a powerful technology for real-time in situ monitoring of various physical quantities, such as strain, temperature, and pressure. Compared to local or multi-point fiber optic sensing techniques, in Brillouin-based sensing, the optical fiber is interrogated along its complete length with a resolution down to decimeters and with a frequency encoding of the measure information that is not affected by changes in the optical attenuation. The fiber sensing cable plays a significant role since it must ensure a low optical loss and optimal transfer of the measured parameters for a long time and in harsh conditions, e.g., the presence of moisture, corrosion, and relevant mechanical or thermal stresses. In this paper, research and application regarding optical fiber cables for Brillouin distributed sensing are reviewed, connected, and extended. It is shown how appropriate cable design can give a significant contribution toward the successful exploitation of the Brillouin D-FOS technique.

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12

Ren, Bin, and Jianwei Liu. "Design of a Plantar Pressure Insole Measuring System Based on Modular Photoelectric Pressure Sensor Unit." Sensors 21, no. 11 (May 29, 2021): 3780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113780.

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Accurately perceiving and predicting the parameters related to human walking is very important for man–machine coupled cooperative control systems such as exoskeletons and power prostheses. Plantar pressure data is rich in human gait and posture information and is an essential source of reference information as the input of the exoskeleton control system. Therefore, the proper design of the pressure sensing insole and validation is a big challenge considering the requirements such as convenience, reliability, no interference and so on. In this research, we developed a low-cost modular sensing unit based on the principle of photoelectric sensing and designed a plantar pressure sensing insole to achieve the purpose of sensing human walking gait and posture information. On the one hand, the sensor unit is made of economy-friendly commercial flexible circuits and elastic silicone, and the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the modular sensor unit are evaluated by a self-developed pressure-related calibration system. The calibration results show that the modular sensor based on the photoelectric sensing principle has fast response and negligible hysteresis. On the other hand, we analyzed the area where the plantar pressure is densely distributed. One benefit of the modular sensing unit design is that it is rather convenient to fabricate different insole solutions, so we fabricated and compared several pressure-sensitive insole solutions in this preliminary study. During the dynamic locomotion experiments of wearing the pressure-sensing insole, the time series signal of each sensor unit was collected and analyzed. The results show that the pressure sensing insole based on the photoelectric effect can sense the distribution of the plantar pressure by capturing the deformation of the insole caused by the foot contact during locomotion, and provide reliable gait information for wearable applications.

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13

Nishiyama, M., H. Sasaki, S. Nose, K. Takami, and K. Watanabe. "Distributed Pressure Sensing as Smart Mat Applications with Hetero-Core Fiber Optic Nerve Sensors." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.391.

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Distributed pressure sensing schemes for human positioning and plantar mapping is desired to be unconstrained for human activity in their daily life in the form of a floor and mat. On the other hand, an optical fiber has several advantages such as lightweight, minimal material, and resistance to corrosion and electromagnetic interference. Additionally, a novel hetero-core optic fiber nerve sensor is only sensitive to be bending action of the sensor portion and the fiber transmission line is unaffected to external disturbance as pressure and temperature fluctuation because of its single-mode stable propagation scheme. Therefore, the hetero-core fiber optic sensor could be suitable for the distributed pressure sensing in human natural activity and be placed in various sites. In this paper, we proposed several smart mat applications in the form of a thin mat in the floor for human positioning and sole pressure mapping mat using the hetero-core optic fiber sensors. We successfully demonstrated the distributed pressure sensing mat using hetero-core sensors to detect human positioning with their circumstance and sole pressure mapping.

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14

Chen Xinwei, 陈信伟, 张红霞 Zhang Hongxia, 贾大功 Jia Dagong, 刘铁根 Liu Tiegen, and 张以谟 Zhang Yimo. "Implementation of Distributed Polarization Maintaining Fiber Polarization Coupling Pressure Sensing System." Chinese Journal of Lasers 37, no. 6 (2010): 1467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl20103706.1467.

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15

Cheneler, D., and M. C. L. Ward. "Active Thermal Sensor for Improved Distributed Temperature Sensing in Haptic Arrays." Journal of Sensors 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9631236.

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The efficacy of integrating temperature sensors into compliant pressure sensing technologies, such as haptic sensing arrays, is limited by thermal losses into the substrate. A solution is proposed here whereby an active heat sink is incorporated into the sensor to mitigate these losses, while still permitting the use of common VLSI manufacturing methods and materials to be used in sensor fabrication. This active sink is capable of responding to unknown fluctuations in external temperature, that is, the temperature that is to be measured, and directly compensates in real time for the thermal power loss into the substrate by supplying an equivalent amount of power back into the thermal sensor. In this paper, the thermoelectric effects of the active heat sink/thermal sensor system are described and used to reduce the complexity of the system to a simple one-dimensional numerical model. This model is incorporated into a feedback system used to control the active heat sink and monitor the sensor output. A fabrication strategy is also described to show how such a technology can be incorporated into a common bonded silicon-on-insulator- (BSOI-) based capacitive pressure sensor array such as that used in some haptic sensing systems.

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16

Lee, Gyuhyon, David A. Scripka, Brent Wagner, Naresh N. Thadhani, Zhitao Kang, and Christopher J. Summers. "Design and fabrication of distributed Bragg reflector multilayers for dynamic pressure sensing." Optics Express 25, no. 22 (October 20, 2017): 27067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.027067.

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17

Gao, Ran, Qi Zhang, Xiangjun Xin, Qinghua Tian, and Feng Tian. "Chirped anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide for the distributed sensing of pressure." Optics Letters 45, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.382716.

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18

Yu, Chen, Lukas Lindenroth, Jian Hu, Junghwan Back, George Abrahams, and Hongbin Liu. "A Vision-Based Soft Somatosensory System for Distributed Pressure and Temperature Sensing." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 5, no. 2 (April 2020): 3323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.2974649.

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19

Reck, Kasper, Erik V. Thomsen, and Ole Hansen. "All-Optical Frequency Modulated High Pressure MEMS Sensor for Remote and Distributed Sensing." Sensors 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2011): 10615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s111110615.

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20

Wood, Kieran T., Sergio Araujo-Estrada, Thomas Richardson, and Shane Windsor. "Distributed Pressure Sensing–Based Flight Control for Small Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Systems." Journal of Aircraft 56, no. 5 (September 2019): 1951–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.c035416.

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21

Wang, Libo, Srivathsan Chakaravarthi Narasimman, Sugunakar Reddy Ravula, and Abhisek Ukil. "Water Ingress Detection in Low-Pressure Gas Pipelines Using Distributed Temperature Sensing System." IEEE Sensors Journal 17, no. 10 (May 15, 2017): 3165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2017.2686982.

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22

Xue, Ziqiu, Hyuck Park, Tamotsu Kiyama, Tsutomu Hashimoto, Osamu Nishizawa, and Tetsuya Kogure. "Effects of hydrostatic pressure on strain measurement with distributed optical fiber sensing system." Energy Procedia 63 (2014): 4003–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.430.

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23

Zhou, Kaiwen, Luanliang Zhou, Simeng Zhao, Xingyu Qiang, Yingzheng Liu, and Xin Wen. "Data-Driven Method for Flow Sensing of Aerodynamic Parameters Using Distributed Pressure Measurements." AIAA Journal 59, no. 9 (September 2021): 3504–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j060118.

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24

Filipič, Gregor, and Johannes Gruenwald. "Temperature influence on the diethylamine sensing abilities of CuO nanoparticles deposited by atmospheric pressure plasma." Journal of Technological and Space Plasmas 1, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 00021–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31281/jtsp.v1i1.10.

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In this work we present a copper oxide nanostructured analysed as a gas sensor but the focus of the paper is on the temperature dependance of the sensor sensing properties. As a case study temperature dependent diethylamine sensing is presented.The CuO nano flakes were deposited and evenly distributed on intercalated electrodes by an atmospheric pressure plasma source. The sensor was electrically connected to ohmmetre and inserted in an oven chamber where it was isolated from atmosphere and heated to desired tempearuteres. The intrinsic resistnace of the sensor was measured in dependence of the temperature and the temperature change rate. Then the possibility to detect diethylamine was investigated and the sensor response studied. Finally, the temperature dependence of the detection of the amine was explored. It was possible to demonstrate reliable sensing of the amine down to temperatures of 100 °C and below.

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25

Tang, Zhijie, Hao Feng, Jingtao Lei, Jiaqi Lu, Zhen Wang, Bin Fu, and Weiwei Chen. "Design and simulation of artificial fish lateral line." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 172988141882482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418824826.

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Fishes can avoid colliding with obstacles and track baits depending on the lateral distributed sense nodes which can sense the pressure variances of the surrounding flow field. Fish often uses the lateral-line system as their only means for navigation, especially under poor visual conditions. This sensing mechanism provides a new perspective for researchers and engineers to build such a sensing system that could be applied to control and near field navigation for underwater robots and vehicles. In this article, a pressure-sensing-based is proposed, with 10 pressure sensors acting as lateral line and use the three-dimensional printer to print the fish structure and install the artificial lateral line on it. Through preliminary experiments and numerical simulation, we obtain the pressure sensor data. By comparing the experimental data with the numerical simulation data, it can be verified that the pressure variation of the pressure sensor in the numerical simulation data is consistent with that in the experimental data. The artificial lateral line provides a new sense to man-made underwater vehicles and marine robots, so that they can sense like fish.

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26

Zhu, Lingfeng, Yancheng Wang, Deqing Mei, and Chengpeng Jiang. "Development of Fully Flexible Tactile Pressure Sensor with Bilayer Interlaced Bumps for Robotic Grasping Applications." Micromachines 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11080770.

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Flexible tactile sensors have been utilized in intelligent robotics for human-machine interaction and healthcare monitoring. The relatively low flexibility, unbalanced sensitivity and sensing range of the tactile sensors are hindering the accurate tactile information perception during robotic hand grasping of different objects. This paper developed a fully flexible tactile pressure sensor, using the flexible graphene and silver composites as the sensing element and stretchable electrodes, respectively. As for the structural design of the tactile sensor, the proposed bilayer interlaced bumps can be used to convert external pressure into the stretching of graphene composites. The fabricated tactile sensor exhibits a high sensing performance, including relatively high sensitivity (up to 3.40% kPa−1), wide sensing range (200 kPa), good dynamic response, and considerable repeatability. Then, the tactile sensor has been integrated with the robotic hand finger, and the grasping results have indicated the capability of using the tactile sensor to detect the distributed pressure during grasping applications. The grasping motions, properties of the objects can be further analyzed through the acquired tactile information in time and spatial domains, demonstrating the potential applications of the tactile sensor in intelligent robotics and human-machine interfaces.

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27

Raab, T., T. Reinsch, S. R. Aldaz Cifuentes, and J. Henninges. "Real-Time Well-Integrity Monitoring Using Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing." SPE Journal 24, no. 05 (May 30, 2019): 1997–2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/195678-pa.

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Summary Proper cemented casing strings are a key requirement for maintaining well integrity, guaranteeing optimal operation and safe provision of hydrocarbon and geothermal resources from the pay zone to surface facilities. Throughout the life cycle of a well, high–temperature/high–pressure changes in addition to shut–in cyclic periods can lead to strong variations in thermal and mechanical load on the well architecture. The current procedures to evaluate cement quality and to measure downhole temperature are mainly dependent on wireline–logging campaigns. In this paper, we investigate the application of the fiber–optic distributed–acoustic–sensing (DAS) technology to acquire dynamic axial–strain changes caused by propagating elastic waves along the wellbore structure. The signals are recorded by a permanently installed fiber–optic cable and are studied for the possibility of real–time well–integrity monitoring. The fiber–optic cable was installed along the 18⅝–in. anchor casing and the 21–in.–hole section of a geothermal well in Iceland. During cementing operations, temperature was continuously measured using distributed–temperature–sensing (DTS) technology to monitor the cement placement. DAS data were acquired continuously for 9 days during drilling and injection testing of the reservoir interval in the 12¼–in. openhole section. The DAS data were used to calculate average–axial–strain–rate profiles during different operations on the drillsite. Signals recorded along the optical fiber result from elastic deformation caused by mechanical energy applied from inside (e.g., pressure fluctuations, drilling activities) or outside (e.g., seismic signals) of the well. The results indicate that the average–axial–strain rate of a fiber–optic cable installed behind a casing string generates trends similar to those of a conventional cement–bond log (CBL). The obtained trends along well depth therefore indicate that DAS data acquired during different drilling and testing operations can be used to monitor the mechanical coupling between cemented casing strings and the surrounding formations, hence the cement integrity. The potential use of DTS and DAS technology in downhole evaluations would extend the portfolio to monitor and evaluate qualitatively in real time cement–integrity changes without the necessity of executing costly well–intervention programs throughout the well's life cycle.

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28

He, Jun, Hui Juan Dong, Hong Liang Pan, Guo Juan Cheng, and Yang Xing. "Research on Corrugated Diaphragm Sensing Technique Detecting the Pressure outside the Casing." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 840–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.840.

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Monitoring the pressure outside casing of oil-water wells is significant to prevent and reduce casing damage. Aiming at the problem of permanently monitoring the pressure outside casing of oil-water wells, according to FBG sensing principles, FBG is packaged by FRP, pressure sensitivity program is designed, make sure strain for four bending points of FBG sensor are well-distributed, take sinusoidal corrugated diaphragm as elastic element, a monitoring sensor with temperature compensation is developed. Pressure performance calibration test of the sensor is conducted, experimental results show that the sensor has stable performance and fine temperature compensation capability, the pressure measuring range is, sensitivity is 109.

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29

Hussels, Maria-Teresa, Sebastian Chruscicki, Detlef Arndt, Swen Scheider, Jens Prager, Tobias Homann, and Abdel Karim Habib. "Localization of Transient Events Threatening Pipeline Integrity by Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing." Sensors 19, no. 15 (July 29, 2019): 3322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153322.

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Pipe integrity is a central concern regarding technical safety, availability, and environmental compliance of industrial plants and pipelines. A condition monitoring system that detects and localizes threats in pipes prior to occurrence of actual structural failure, e.g., leakages, especially needs to target transient events such as impacts on the pipe wall or pressure waves travelling through the medium. In the present work, it is shown that fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in conjunction with a suitable application geometry of the optical fiber sensor allows to track propagating acoustic waves in the pipeline wall on a fast time-scale. Therefore, short impacts on the pipe may be localized with high fidelity. Moreover, different acoustic modes are identified, and their respective group velocities are in good agreement with theoretical predications. In another set of experiments modeling realistic damage scenarios, we demonstrate that pressure waves following explosions of different gas mixtures in pipes can be observed. Velocities are verified by local piezoelectric pressure transducers. Due to the fully distributed nature of the fiber-optic sensing system, it is possible to record accelerated motions in detail. Therefore, in addition to detection and localization of threatening events for infrastructure monitoring, DAS may provide a powerful tool to study the development of gas explosions in pipes, e.g., investigation of deflagration-to-detonation-transitions (DDT).

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Jderu, Alin, Marius Enachescu, and Dominik Ziegler. "Mass Flow Monitoring by Distributed Fiber Optical Temperature Sensing." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 25, 2019): 4151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194151.

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We developed a novel method to monitor mass flow based on distributed fiber optical temperature sensing. Examination of the temporal and spatial temperature distribution along the entire length of a locally heated fluidic conduit reveals heat flow under forced convection. Our experimental results are in good agreement with two-dimensional finite element analysis that couples fluid dynamic and heat transfer equations. Through analysis of the temperature distribution bidirectional flow rates can be measured over three orders of magnitude. The technique is not flow intrusive, works in harsh conditions, including high-temperatures, high pressures, corrosive media, and strong electromagnetic environments. We demonstrate a first experimental implementation on a short fluidic system with a length of one meter. This range covers many applications such as low volume drug delivery, diagnostics, as well as process and automation technology. Yet, the technique can, without restrictions, be applied to long range installations. Existing fiber optics infrastructures, for instance on oil pipelines or down hole installations, would only require the addition of a heat source to enable reliable flow monitoring capability.

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31

Hooi, Chin Gian, Francis D. Lagor, and Derek A. Paley. "Height Estimation and Control of Rotorcraft in Ground Effect Using Spatially Distributed Pressure Sensing." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 61, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.61.042004.

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32

Chen, Ke, Xinlei Zhou, Bokai Yang, Wei Peng, and Qingxu Yu. "A hybrid fiber-optic sensing system for down-hole pressure and distributed temperature measurements." Optics & Laser Technology 73 (October 2015): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2015.04.001.

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33

Schenato, Luca, Alessandro Pasuto, Andrea Galtarossa, and Luca Palmieri. "An Optical Fiber Distributed Pressure Sensing Cable With Pa-Sensitivity and Enhanced Spatial Resolution." IEEE Sensors Journal 20, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 5900–5908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2020.2972057.

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Gerosa, Rodrigo Mendes, Jonas H. Osorio, Daniel Lopez-Cortes, Cristiano M. B. Cordeiro, and Christiano J. S. De Matos. "Distributed Pressure Sensing Using an Embedded-Core Capillary Fiber and Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry." IEEE Sensors Journal 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2020.3013983.

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35

Binu, S., V. P. Mahadevan Pillai, and N. Chandrasekaran. "OTDR Based Fiber Optic Microbend Sensor for Distributed Sensing Applications in Structural Pressure Monitoring." Journal of Optics 35, no. 1 (March 2006): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03354794.

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36

Zhang, Yi, Xinglin Lei, Tsutomu Hashimoto, and Ziqiu Xue. "In situ hydromechanical responses during well drilling recorded by fiber-optic distributed strain sensing." Solid Earth 11, no. 6 (December 17, 2020): 2487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2487-2020.

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Abstract. Drilling fluid infiltration during well drilling may induce pore pressure and strain perturbations in neighbored reservoir formations. In this study, we report that such small strain changes (∼20 µε) have been in situ monitored using fiber-optic distributed strain sensing (DSS) in two observation wells with different distances (approximately 3 and 9 m) from the new drilled wellbore in a shallow water aquifer. The results show the layered pattern of the drilling-induced hydromechanical deformation. The pattern could be indicative of (1) fluid pressure diffusion through each zone with distinct permeabilities or (2) the heterogeneous formation damage caused by the mud filter cakes during the drilling. A coupled hydromechanical model is used to interpret the two possibilities. The DSS method could be deployed in similar applications such as geophysical well testing with fluid injection (or extraction) and in studying reservoir fluid flow behavior with hydromechanical responses. The DSS method would be useful for understanding reservoir pressure communication, determining the zones for fluid productions or injection (e.g., for CO2 storage), and optimizing reservoir management and utilization.

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37

Lin, Wen Tai, Shu Qin Lou, and Sheng Liang. "Fiber-Optic Distributed Vibration Sensor for Pipeline Pre-Alarm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 684 (October 2014): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.684.235.

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Pipeline security is very important in oil and gas transportation. Traditional technology such as negative pressure wave detection, acoustic detection doesn’t match the need of pre-alarm. A fiber-optic distributed vibration sensor (FDVS) is proposed and investigated. It is found that the FDVS has the advantages of long sensing distance, high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, high reliability, etc. According to calculating the time delay of the two MZIs , the vibration can be located.

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Sun, Chong Feng, Zhi Hui Li, Su Min Jiao, Xue Mei Wang, Cai Hong Wang, and Xiao Guang Xu. "Detection Research on Weak Stress Wave in Rock-Soil Based on Quasi Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Technology." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 933–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.933.

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To detect low-pressure dynamic loading in rock-soil, optical fiber Michelson interferometer was adopted to set up the sensing system. Polyurethane package was used to enhance stress sensitivity of optical fiber sensors that composed quasi distributed optical fiber detection system. The sensitivity of optical fiber senor reached -170dB, and met the measurement requirement of low pressure dynamic loading at 0.001MPa-0.01MPa. The results proved that it was feasible to detect low-pressure dynamic loading using the designed optical fiber sensors. It provides a new experiment method for research on response of low-pressure dynamic loading in geotechnical engineering.

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39

Shahinpoor, Mohsen. "Ionic Polymeric Conductor Nano Composites (IPCNCs) as Distributed Nanosensors and Nanoactuators." Advances in Science and Technology 54 (September 2008): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.54.70.

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This article covers advances made in connection with Ionic Polymeric-Conductor Nano Composites (IPCNCs) as distributed biomimetic nanosensors, nanoactuators, nanorobots and artificial muscles. A review of the fundamental properties and characteristics of IPCNCs will first be presented. This summary will include descriptions of the basic materials' molecular structure and subsequent procedure to manufacture the basic material for chemical plating and electroactivation. Further described are chemical molecular plating technologies to make IPCNCs, nanotechnologies of manufacturing and trapping of nanoparticles, SEM, TEM, SPM and AFM characterization of IPMNCs, biomimetic sensing and actuation characterization techniques, electrical characterization and equivalent circuit modeling of IPCNCs as electronic materials. A phenomenological model of the underlying sensing and actuation mechanisms is also presented based on linear irreversible thermodynamics with two driving forces, an electric field and a solvent pressure gradient and two fluxes, electric current density and the ionic+solvent flux. The presentation concludes with a number of videos and some live demos.

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Liaw, Shien-Kuei, Chi-Wen Liao, Meng-Hsuan Tsai, Dong-Chang Li, Shu-Ming Yang, Zhu-Yong Xia, Chien-Hung Yeh, and Wen-Fung Liu. "Hybrid Fiber-Optic Sensing Integrating Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis and Fiber Bragg Grating for Long-Range Two-Parameter Measurement." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 20, 2021): 4224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124224.

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Distributed fiber sensing (DFS) can provide real-time signals and warnings. The entire length of fiber optic cable can act as a sensing element, but the accuracy is sometimes limited. On the other hand, point-to-point fiber sensing (PPFS) is usually implemented using one or more fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at specific positions along with the fiber for the monitoring of specific parameters (temperature, strain, pressure, and so on). However, the cost becomes expensive when the number of FBGs increases. A hybrid fiber sensing scheme is thus proposed, combining the advantages of DFS and PPFS. It is based on a Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) fiber system with additional FBGs embedded at certain positions where it is necessary to detect specific parameters. The hybrid fiber sensing system has the advantages of full sensing coverage at essential locations that need to be carefully monitored. In our work, the test results showed that the proposed system could achieve a sensing distance of 16 km with the single-mode fiber with a 2 m spatial resolution. For FBG parameter measurements, the temperature variation was 52 °C, from 25 °C to 77 °C, with a temperature sensitivity of 23 pm/°C, and the strain was from 0 to 400 µε, with a strain sensitivity of 0.975 pm/µε, respectively, using two FBGs.

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Zhang, Li, Zhisheng Yang, Łukasz Szostkiewicz, Krzysztof Markiewicz, Sergei Mikhailov, Thomas Geernaert, Etienne Rochat, and Luc Thévenaz. "Long-distance distributed pressure sensing based on frequency-scanned phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry." Optics Express 29, no. 13 (June 16, 2021): 20487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.425501.

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Bai, Hedan, Shuo Li, Jose Barreiros, Yaqi Tu, Clifford R. Pollock, and Robert F. Shepherd. "Stretchable distributed fiber-optic sensors." Science 370, no. 6518 (November 12, 2020): 848–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba5504.

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Silica-based distributed fiber-optic sensor (DFOS) systems have been a powerful tool for sensing strain, pressure, vibration, acceleration, temperature, and humidity in inextensible structures. DFOS systems, however, are incompatible with the large strains associated with soft robotics and stretchable electronics. We develop a sensor composed of parallel assemblies of elastomeric lightguides that incorporate continuum or discrete chromatic patterns. By exploiting a combination of frustrated total internal reflection and absorption, stretchable DFOSs can distinguish and measure the locations, magnitudes, and modes (stretch, bend, or press) of mechanical deformation. We further demonstrate multilocation decoupling and multimodal deformation decoupling through a stretchable DFOS–integrated wireless glove that can reconfigure all types of finger joint movements and external presses simultaneously, with only a single sensor in real time.

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Piao, Chunde, Jun Yuan, Dangliang Wang, and Pengtao Li. "A Study on Distribution Measurement and Mechanism of Deformation due to Water Loss of Overburden Layer in Vertical Shaft." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/531428.

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Based on FBG fiber Bragg grating technology and BOTDA distributed optical fiber sensing technology, this study uses fine sand to simulate overburden layer in vertical shaft model equipment. It studies the placing technique and test method for optical fiber sensors in the overburden layer, combined with MODFLOW software to simulate the change of the water head value when the overburden layer is losing water, and obtains the deformation features of overburden layer. The results show, at the beginning of water loss, the vertical deformation increases due to larger hydraulic pressure drop, while the deformation decreases gradually and tends to be stable with the hydraulic pressure drop reducing. The circumferential deformation is closely related to such factors as the distance between each drainage outlet, the variations of water head value, and the method of drainage. The monitoring result based on optical fiber sensing technology is consistent with the characteristics of water loss in overburden layer simulated by MODFLOW software, which shows that the optical fiber sensing technology applied to monitor shaft overburden layer is feasible.

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Liang, Han, Jun Han, and Zuoqing Bi. "Application of Distributed Optical Fiber Technology for Coal Bump Prevention." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 8, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1753551.

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The 8939 working face in Xinzhouyao coal mine is a high coal bump proneness panel. For coal bump prevention, rib holes are drilled for pressure relief purpose. The deformational behaviour of the pressure relief borehole is studied using distributed optical fiber sensing technology. The strain of the surrounding coal and the pressure relief range were measured from 0 hrs to 402 hrs after hole drilling. Based on the analysis of pressure relief procedure, combining with borehole observation, the crack development, limited equilibrium, collapse, and compaction stages of the borehole were estimated as 0∼72 h, 72∼190 h, 190∼402 h, and greater than 402 h, respectively. Consequently, the hole drilling is modified to 110 m ahead of the working face to achieve better pressure relief effect. Microseismic monitoring shows that, after hole drilling optimisation, the high-energy microseismic events and average energy of microseismic events are reduced significantly.

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Li, Yunpeng, Dequan Sun, Shankun Zhao, Kaihua Liang, Kai Cui, and Huaihong Wang. "Investigation of Pressure Relief Borehole Effects Using In Situ Testing Based on Distributed Optical Fibre Sensing Technology." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (January 12, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8847500.

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Borehole pressure relief method is one of the most effective ways of rock burst prevention in coal mines. The measured results of borehole pressure relief at no. 8939 longwall face in Xinzhouyao coal mine, China, are presented here. The analyses identify the pressure relief magnitudes in coal mass around the boreholes with different diameters, spacing, and drilling time. This research has established that the best pressure relief of the rib coal can be achieved by using φ108 mm borehole with 0.7 m interval after 288 hours. The strain relief is acceptable after 288–360 hours of drilling, while the best result is achieved after 432 hours. It is also the first time to monitor the borehole pressure relief in a coal mine on-site using Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) distributed fibre-optic sensing. The method implemented in this research provides new ways to improve stress relief design and minimize the rock burst occurrence for mine practitioners.

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Jderu, Alin, Marcelo A. Soto, Marius Enachescu, and Dominik Ziegler. "Liquid Flow Meter by Fiber-Optic Sensing of Heat Propagation." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020355.

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Monitoring fluid flow rates is imperative for a variety of industries including biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, the food industry, and the oil and gas industries. We propose a flow meter that, unlike turbine or pressure-based sensors, is not flow intrusive, requires zero maintenance, has low risk of clogging, and is compatible with harsh conditions. Using optical fiber sensing, we monitor the temperature distribution along a fluid conduit. Pulsed heat injection locally elevates the fluid’s temperature, and from the propagation velocity of the heat downstream, the fluid’s velocity is determined. The method is experimentally validated for water and ethanol using optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) with millimetric spatial resolution over a 1.2 m-long conduit. Results demonstrate that such sensing yields accurate data with a linear response. By changing the optical fiber interrogation to time-domain distributed sensing approaches, the proposed technique can be scaled to cover sensing ranges of several tens of kilometers. On the other extreme, miniaturization for instance by using integrated optical waveguides could potentially bring this flow monitoring technique to microfluidic systems or open future avenues for novel “lab-in-a-fiber” technologies with biomedical applications.

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Wright, Ruishu F., Ping Lu, Jagannath Devkota, Fei Lu, Margaret Ziomek-Moroz, and Paul R. Ohodnicki. "Corrosion Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Oil and Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review." Sensors 19, no. 18 (September 13, 2019): 3964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183964.

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Corrosion has been a great concern in the oil and natural gas industry costing billions of dollars annually in the U.S. The ability to monitor corrosion online before structural integrity is compromised can have a significant impact on preventing catastrophic events resulting from corrosion. This article critically reviews conventional corrosion sensors and emerging sensor technologies in terms of sensing principles, sensor designs, advantages, and limitations. Conventional corrosion sensors encompass corrosion coupons, electrical resistance probes, electrochemical sensors, ultrasonic testing sensors, magnetic flux leakage sensors, electromagnetic sensors, and in-line inspection tools. Emerging sensor technologies highlight optical fiber sensors (point, quasi-distributed, distributed) and passive wireless sensors such as passive radio-frequency identification sensors and surface acoustic wave sensors. Emerging sensors show great potential in continuous real-time in-situ monitoring of oil and natural gas infrastructure. Distributed chemical sensing is emphasized based on recent studies as a promising method to detect early corrosion onset and monitor corrosive environments for corrosion mitigation management. Additionally, challenges are discussed including durability and stability in extreme and harsh conditions such as high temperature high pressure in subsurface wellbores.

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Ma Cheng-Ju, Ren Li-Yong, Tang Feng, Qu En-Shi, Xu Jin-Tao, Liang Quan, Wang Jian, and Han Xu. "Study on static pressure of fiber cable spool based on distributed fiber Bragg grating sensing technology." Acta Physica Sinica 61, no. 5 (2012): 054702. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.61.054702.

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Wang, Xin, Xie Hui Luo, Wan xue Long, and Bo Jiang. "Back analysis of pile and anchor retaining structure based on BOTDA distributed optical fiber sensing technology." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801036.

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In order to understand the deformation law and internal force distribution characteristics of the pile-anchor retaining structure in deep foundation pit engineering, the stress of the pile-anchor retaining system in the process of foundation pit excavation was tested by using the distributed optical fiber sensing technology of BOTDA. It uses the supporting pile cloth to set up the strain cable to collect the strain from the excavation process to the stability of the foundation pit, which analyzes the stress and internal force distribution. The results show that the overall deformation of the foundation pit is small and in a stable state. It uses the monitoring strain energy to truly reflect the distribution and transmission law of the pile internal force. It is shown that the bending moment is the maximum at the action position of the anchor cable on the pile anchor structure and 2.5m below the bottom of the pit. The design needs to reinforce the construction of such locations. At the same time, the distribution form of earth pressure calculated in reverse is different from the conventional one. When there are multiple rows of prestressed anchor cables, the earth pressure applied on the support is less than the calculated value of classical earth pressure theory. This pile anchor structure design theory and engineering application has reference value.

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Son, Vo Que, and Do Tan A. "Implementation of a Cyber-Physical System Using Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Patients." Journal of Science and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications Technology 1 (August 31, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31130/jst.2015.8.

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Sensing, distributed computation and wireless communication are the essential building components of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Having many advantages such as mobility, low power, multi-hop routing, low latency, self-administration, utonomous data acquisition, and fault tolerance, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gone beyond the scope of monitoring the environment and can be a way to support CPS. This paper presents the design, deployment, and empirical study of an eHealth system, which can remotely monitor vital signs from patients such as body temperature, blood pressure, SPO2, and heart rate. The primary contribution of this paper is the measurements of the proposed eHealth device that assesses the feasibility of WSNs for patient monitoring in hospitals in two aspects of communication and clinical sensing. Moreover, both simulation and experiment are used to investigate the performance of the design in many aspects such as networking reliability, sensing reliability, or end-to-end delay. The results show that the network achieved high reliability - nearly 97% while the sensing reliability of the vital signs can be obtained at approximately 98%. This indicates the feasibility and promise of using WSNs for continuous patient monitoring and clinical worsening detection in general hospital units.

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