Journal articles: 'Distribution channels on the Internet'

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Ranchhod, Ashok, and Cãlin Gurãu. "Internet-Enabled Distribution Strategies." Journal of Information Technology 14, no. 4 (December 1999): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629901400403.

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This paper investigates the effects of the Internet on the structure of the classical marketing channels. The advantages offered by the Internet have determined many companies to adopt different models of Internet-enabled distribution strategy. The choice and the implementation of these strategies will be influenced, as in the case of any other marketing channel, by the characteristics of the company, of its clients, and of the traded products. On the basis of an empirical study of 500 Internet commercial sites, the present paper identifies the models of Internet-enabled distribution strategy implemented by the Web-active companies, and then verifies four hypotheses related to the factors that influence the choice and implementation of a particular strategy.

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Dewan, Rajiv, Marshall Freimer, and Abraham Seidmann. "Organizing Distribution Channels for Information Goods on the Internet." Management Science 46, no. 4 (April 2000): 483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.4.483.12053.

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Czetwertyński, Sławomir. "Informal distribution channels of cultural goods in the internet." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Studia Informatica 40 (2016): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/si.2016.40-01.

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Czetwertyński, Sławomir. "Informal distribution channels of cultural goods in the internet." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Studia Informatica 40 (2016): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/si.2016.40-02.

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Pitt, Leyland, Pierre Berthon, and Jean-Paul Berthon. "Changing channels: The impact of the internet on distribution strategy." Business Horizons 42, no. 2 (March 1999): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-6813(99)80005-6.

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Geyskens, Inge, Katrijn Gielens, and Marnik G. Dekimpe. "The Market Valuation of Internet Channel Additions." Journal of Marketing 66, no. 2 (April 2002): 102–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.66.2.102.18478.

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The emergence of the Internet has pushed many established companies to explore this radically new distribution channel. Like all market discontinuities, the Internet creates opportunities as well as threats—it can be performance-enhancing as readily as it can be performance-destroying. Making use of event-study methodology, the authors assess the net impact of adding an Internet channel on a firm's stock market return, a measure of the change in expected future cash flows. The authors find that, on average, Internet channel investments are positive net-present-value investments. The authors then identify firm, introduction strategy, and marketplace characteristics that influence the direction and magnitude of the stock market reaction. The results indicate that powerful firms with a few direct channels are expected to achieve greater gains in financial performance than are less powerful firms with a broader direct channel offering. In terms of order of entry, early followers have a competitive advantage over both innovators and later followers, even when time of entry is controlled for. The authors also find that Internet channel additions that are supported by more publicity are perceived as having a higher performance potential.

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Utomo, Mohamad Nur. "Efektivitas Bisnis Berbasis Teknologi Internet Dalam Membangun Kinerja Kewirausahaan." BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen) 11, no. 2 (April 23, 2019): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/bisma.v11n2.p156-172.

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Entrepreneurial success will have an impact on economic growth. Entrepreneurship that integrates internet technology in its business activities will be able to improve business performance in the current digital economy era. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of internet technology-based business implementation on business performance. Internet technology-based business applications are measured by 5 indicators (online communication channels, online promotion channels, online supplier distribution channels, online sales channels, and online transaction channels). While business performance is measured by 5 indicators (profit growth, sales growth, capital growth, efficiency, and customer growth). The sample in this study was 100 UMKM in Tarakan city using the sample area probability sample method based on the sub-district area. Data analysis technique uses PLS-SEM method with WarpPls 6.0 application. The results showed that internet technology-based business implementation was able to encourage business performance improvement. The entrepreneur must be able to integrate its business operations with Internet-based technologies to create opportunities and facilitate building performance.Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Internet Technology, Online Business.

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Чилингир, Е., E. Chilingir, И. Мытько, and I. Myt'ko. "Media Communications on the Internet." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 7, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bf52082bc86b5.43699338.

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The article describes the changes in the processes of formation of the news information picture of the readership at the beginning of the XXI century. The stages of development of media communications on the Internet, caused by the emergence of new information channels, have been identified. At the first stage, up to 2005, the actively developing online media formed the information field. After 2005, the blogosphere is added to the media, the informational picture begins to be influenced by the phenomenon of “people’s journalism”. After 2010, social networks are included in the distribution of media products. Since 2017, the distribution, and then the production of news content is moved to instant messengers.

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Huang, You Heng, and Qi Hong Wei. "Distribution Mode of Urban Renewable Resources Recycling Based on the Internet." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1636.

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The widely use of the Internet has greatly expanded the materials supply channels of the renewable resources. Online recycling has become an important way of the renewable resources in China. . The distribution mode of urban renewable resources recycling based on the Internet and also its associated conditions was put forward after comparing the distributed transaction mode of the renewable resources between the traditional recycling and online recycling.

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CONNOLLY, D., M. OLSEN, and R. MOORE. "The internet as a distribution channel." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 39, no. 4 (August 1998): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8804(98)80031-1.

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Connolly, Daniel j., Michael D. Olsen, and Richard G. Moore. "The Internet as a Distribution Channel." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 39, no. 4 (August 1998): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088049803900408.

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Prasad, Gokul, and Anuradha Arthanar. "Customer Satisfaction on Banking Channels." International Journal of Marketing Research Innovation 1, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijmri.v1i1.98.

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Satisfaction with banking services is an area of growing interest to researchers and managers.This research examined the survey responses of 120 bank customers who provided information regarding their satisfaction towards ﬁnancial distribution channels with respect to their banks. The study found that there were distinctive segments within the ﬁnancial market that had signiﬁcantly different levels of usage of ﬁnancial distribution channels. Financial customers’ satisfaction with Mobile banking, automated teller machines, credit cards, debit cards, internet banking was investigated, and this information was used to determine if relationships exist between customer satisfaction and the usage of ﬁnancial distribution channels. Systematic methodology, including design and validation of questionnaire and factor analysis were used to enhance the reliability of the ﬁndings. Further results and implications of the study for ﬁnancial services are addressed.

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Cho, Hyejeong, Yanghun Lim, and Sungmin Ryu. "An Apparel Brands Channel Strategy: The Case of Oliver in Korea." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 5, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v5i6.4728.

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The purpose of this case study was to describe the development of a channel strategy for an apparel brand, BoKids, designed to distribute its brand, Oliver, efficiently to customers. Bokids launched its childrens apparel brand, Oliver, in Korea by signing a brand license contract with Oliver of USA. When the brand was launched in 2005, Oliver was positioned as a brand with a reasonable price and a high quality product, which was sold primarily through department stores. In 2007, Oliver was suffering from sluggish sales volumes, and switched its main distribution channel from department stores to discount stores, which are the number 1 retail format in Korea. Oliver was compelled to adjust the price range of its main products to $20 30 in order to satisfy the needs of discount store customers. However, Oliver has considered Internet shopping as another channel for the Oliver brand, as Internet shopping is rapidly gaining popularity in Korea. This case can be used in conjunction with discussions on marketing topics, such as the design of marketing channels (Chapter 6, Designing the Marketing Channel, Marketing Channels: A Management View, 7th Edition by Bert Rosenbloom, South-Western College Pub, 2007) for senior level marketing seminars.

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Rabinovich, Elliot, A. Michael Knemeyer, and Chad M. Mayer. "Why do Internet commerce firms incorporate logistics service providers in their distribution channels?" Journal of Operations Management 25, no. 3 (July 17, 2006): 661–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2006.05.012.

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Xu, Guangye, and Hanguang Qiu. "Pricing and Distribution Strategies in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 13, no. 3 (July 2020): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2020070102.

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Internet has revolutionized distribution channels. Online orders are forwarded to the brick-and-mortar store to make the fulfillment, which is a new distribution strategy in a dual-channel supply chain. However, there is little research on the value of using such distribution strategy in dual-channel setting. To fill this gap, this article considers a manufacturer marketing a product through a dual-channel supply chain, comprised of an online channel and an offline retail channel. We develop a game theory model to investigate the pricing decisions and the distribution strategies, as well as to examine the impacts of the new distribution strategy on price competition and the dual-channel supply chain member's profits. By comparing the results of the traditional distribution strategy and the new distribution strategy, we find that the new distribution strategy can soften price competition when the proportion of the revenue generated by the direct channel is high enough, while if the proportion is low enough, it may intensify price competition. We also find that the supply chain members can achieve a win-win situation when the wholesale price is higher, and the proportion is greater under the new distribution strategy.

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Ji, Baofeng, Bingbing Xing, Kang Song, Chunguo Li, Hong Wen, and Luxi Yang. "Performance Analysis of Multihop Relaying Caching for Internet of Things under Nakagami Channels." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2437361.

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Performance analysis is studied in this paper for the wireless transmissions in Internet of Things (IoT) system, where both the direct link and the multihop relaying caching wireless transmission from the source node to the destination node are taken into the consideration. The key feature is the Nakagami channels of the wireless channel from the source node to the destination node, which results in the difficulty of the theoretical analysis over the system performance. To tackle this difficulty, the probability distribution function (PDF) of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the destination node is derived by exploiting the function and integral properties. Then, the outage probability and bit error rate (BER) of the whole wireless IoT system are derived in the analytical expression without any approximation. Numerical simulations demonstrate the accuracy of the derived theoretical analysis for this system.

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Yan, Wei, Youwei Li, Ying Wu, and Mark Palmer. "A Rising E-Channel Tide Lifts All Boats? The Impact of Manufacturer Multichannel Encroachment on Traditional Selling and Leasing." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2016 (2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2898021.

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Organizing and managing channels of distribution is an important marketing task. Due to the emergence of electronic commerce on the Internet, e-channel distribution systems have been adopted by many manufacturers. However, academic and anecdotal evidence both point to the pressures arising from this new e-channel manufacturing environment. Question marks therefore remain on how the addition of this e-channel affects the traditional marketing strategies of leasing and selling. We set up several two-period dual-channel models in which a manufacturer sells a durable product through both a manufacturer-owned e-channel and an independent reseller (leaser) who adopts selling (leasing) to consumers. Our main results indicate that, direct selling cost aside, product durability plays an important role in shaping the strategies of all members. With either marketing strategy, the additional expansion of an e-channel territory may secure Pareto gains, in which all members benefit.

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Ogunrin, Florence Olu, and Anthony U. Inegbenebor. "Distribution channels and internationalization in a developing-country clothing industry." Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship 17, no. 2 (October 19, 2015): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrme-03-2014-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution channels used by a Nigerian sample of apparel producers and investigate the association between the channels in use and the sample’s export involvement. In this era of sophisticated computer- and internet-mediated marketing practices, the larger proportion of entrepreneurs in developing economies still deploy largely informal marketing practices. Countries indeed have adopted the marketing revolution to varying degrees, consistent with prevailing level of development. Design/methodology/approach – A structured interview schedule was used in collecting data from 111 apparel entrepreneurs. Findings – Most of the respondents were domestic market-focused haute couture producers or low-volume producers of ready-to-wear (r-t-w) clothing who supply institutions or boutiques, using direct channels. Only a few export, mainly through ethnic-commercial networks involving overseas-based family/friends. Practical implications – For now, current distribution channels seem adequate for the personal and business goals of these entrepreneurs. However, large-volume clothing exporting through formal global distribution channels is what drives industrialization and development. These apparel entrepreneurs therefore require institutional assistance to link up with formal global marketing channels. It is only then that the industry would serve similar development roles as witnessed in other emerging economies which have climbed the development ladder through export of labour-intensive manufactures like clothing. Originality/value – The study confirmed earlier observations about apparel exporting in Nigeria, such as prevalent use of informal channels, and also draws attention to less-known details, including the existence of fledgling local trade intermediaries, “disappointed exporters” and an emerging group (yet miniscule) of exporters who utilize more formalized channels.

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Douglas, Frederick, Weiyang Pan, and Matthew Caesar. "Salmon: Robust Proxy Distribution for Censorship Circumvention." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2016, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0026.

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Abstract Many governments block their citizens’ access to much of the Internet. Simple workarounds are unreliable; censors quickly discover and patch them. Previously proposed robust approaches either have non-trivial obstacles to deployment, or rely on low-performance covert channels that cannot support typical Internet usage such as streaming video. We present Salmon, an incrementally deployable system designed to resist a censor with the resources of the “Great Firewall” of China. Salmon relies on a network of volunteers in uncensored countries to run proxy servers. Although any member of the public can become a user, Salmon protects the bulk of its servers from being discovered and blocked by the censor via an algorithm for quickly identifying malicious users. The algorithm entails identifying some users as especially trustworthy or suspicious, based on their actions. We impede Sybil attacks by requiring either an unobtrusive check of a social network account, or a referral from a trustworthy user.

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Šperková, Radka, and Jiří Duda. "Distribution alternatives for a small wine-producer." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 6 (2010): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058060553.

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Distribution can be defined as a way of goods from producer to consumer. In wine production industry there exist several distribution channels, through which wine is distributed to the final consumer. Aim of this paper is to identify and compare advantages and disadvantages of particular distribution channels for wine sales related to a small wine-producer.Distribution of wine to the final consumer is done through dealers represented by retail chains, specialized wine-shops, hotels, and restaurants. In a smaller scale it is done through internet sales, own outlets and wine auctions. According to the research of Focus agency, Marketing & Social Research, done in 2009, customers buy wine mostly in retail chains and decide on sort and quality of wine directly at the moment of purchase. Selection is based except wine quality also on the shape of the bottle, etiquette, and also cork (consumers explicitly prefer cork, and the screw top rather discourages). Certain part of customers – specifically those, who are more acquainted with wine – buy wine in special wine-shops. The research shows a decrease of direct wine-sales.When using services of independent trade organizations, producers have to control the intensity of commercial activities and knowledge of technical characteristics of products. Small wine producers, though, do not have to use this distribution channel, and can focus only on direct sales. For some small wine producers, specifically those operating in the areas with an extended possibility for wine-tourism, this channel can be more suitable and effective than using retail chains. This way of distribution does not require extensive start-up investments, it is directly dependent on producers own effort, and can be done as a supplementary activity to the main source of income.Regardless the particular choice of a distribution channel by a small wine producer it is necessary to be judged not only from the viewpoint of its advantages and disadvantages, but also by a detailed analysis of costs of sales.

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HANZHURENKO, Irina, and Viktoriya FEDOROVA. "LOGISTIC ACTIVITIES IN THE MARKETING OF AGRARIAN ENTERPRISES PRODUCTS." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-31.

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Introduction. The article emphasizes the importance of the role of the sales channels and the logistics system of the agricultural enterprise. This necessitates their improvement in order to en-sure marketing activities. Forms of product promotion are determined in accordance with economic content, economic and economic conditions of distribution, production and economic relations, place on the market. Choosing distribution channels is a difficult decision for the manufacturer, because of the need to take into account many aspects of the functioning of logistics systems. The purpose of scientific research is to determine the nature and role of logistic activity in the marketing and sailing of agricultural products. Results. The zero-distribution channel, which is most often used by producers in the activities of agricultural enterprises, is characterized. The conditions, under which it is appropriate to use this sales channel, are identified. The specifics of logistics activities and the relationship between the intermediary and the manufacturer are outlined. The essence of two-level and three-level sales channels is characterized, their participants are defined and the conditions for effective interaction between them. The factors that influence the choice of direct or indirect channel of interaction between producer and consumer are systematized. The logistics system and distribution channels are identified as one of the most important components in ensuring the competitiveness of agricultural products. The role and essence of marketing communications in the process of logistic activity of agricultural enterprises is established. The effectiveness of Internet communications, including information portals, is highlighted. The influence of state authorities on the logistic systems formation of agricultural enterprises in the process of products sale is determined. The essence of marketing infrastructure is outlined. Formation of grain marketing channels for logistic activity of domestic agricultural enterprises is proposed. The purpose of the sales department of the agricultural enterprise in its logistic activity is characterized. Conclusions. Logistics activities are important in the marketing of agricultural products. Domestic manufacturers need to consider a large number of factors to determine the feasibility of using different types of distribution channels in the logistics system. Improvement of logistic activity of agrarian enterprise is the key to maintaining the proper level of competitiveness of its products. Keywords: logistics, logistic activity, logistics system, marketing, marketing of agricultural products, agrarian enterprise, sales channel, marketing communications.

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Іvоhіn, E. V., M. F. Makhno, and V. O. Shklyar. "Optimization of power distribution of network channels based on Orlin's algorithm." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 1 (2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2021/1.7.

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The article proposes an algorithm for solving the problem of optimal distribution of the capacity of data transmission channels between providers and Internet users. A mathematical model of the problem of distribution of a limited homogeneous resource with transport-type constraints is formulated. A solution method based on Orlin's stream algorithm is considered. A practical application of the algorithm for solving a real distribution problem is proposed. The results of the capacity of the channels of the computer network are obtained with a perspective increase in the capacity of the connections represented by the intervals of the planned changes. An analysis of the solutions obtained with different number of switching servers was made, conclusions about the choice of the provider to meet the optimal information needs of users were made.

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Yuen, Simon S. M., and Calvin Cheng. "Distribution logistics of online fashion retail business in China: A case study of VANCL." International Journal of Management Excellence 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 1768–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v12i1.1050.

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The rapid development of information technologies brings more convenience to people. Information technologies, especially the Internet, not only save time for consumers and companies but also provide them with more channels and opportunities for interaction and conducting transactions. One business revolution brought by Internet is online shopping – shopping and buying products in online stores or websites. Nowadays, online shopping has become a new consuming model for consumers both in China and around the world. This paper analyses online shopping for fashion in China and investigates the impact of online shopping on logistics industry using the case of “VANCL”.

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Ghaleb, Fuad A., Bander Ali Saleh Al-Rimy, Wadii Boulila, Faisal Saeed, Maznah Kamat, Mohd Foad Rohani, and Shukor Abd Razak. "Fairness-Oriented Semichaotic Genetic Algorithm-Based Channel Assignment Technique for Node Starvation Problem in Wireless Mesh Networks." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (August 9, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2977954.

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Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a scalable, reliable, and agile wireless network that supports many types of innovative technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), and Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Due to the limited number of orthogonal channels, interference between channels adversely affects the fair distribution of bandwidth among mesh clients, causing node starvation in terms of insufficient bandwidth distribution, which impedes the adoption of WMN as an efficient access technology. Therefore, a fair channel assignment is crucial for the mesh clients to utilize the available resources. However, the node starvation problem due to unfair channel distribution has been vastly overlooked during channel assignment by the extant research. Instead, existing channel assignment algorithms equally distribute the interference reduction on the links to achieve fairness which neither guarantees a fair distribution of the network bandwidth nor eliminates node starvation. In addition, the metaheuristic-based solutions such as genetic algorithm, which is commonly used for WMN, use randomness in creating initial population and selecting the new generation usually leading the search to local minima. To this end, this study proposes a Fairness-Oriented Semichaotic Genetic Algorithm-Based Channel Assignment Technique (FA-SCGA-CAA) to solve node starvation problem in wireless mesh networks. FA-SCGA-CAA maximizes link fairness while minimizing link interference using a genetic algorithm (GA) with a novel nonlinear fairness-oriented fitness function. The primary chromosome with powerful genes is created based on multicriterion links ranking channel assignment algorithm. Such a chromosome was used with a proposed semichaotic technique to create a strong population that directs the search towards the global minima effectively and efficiently. The proposed semichaotic technique was also used during the mutation and parent selection of the new genes. Extensive experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm. A comparison with related work shows that the proposed FA-SCGA-CAA reduced the potential node starvation by 22% and improved network capacity utilization by 23%. It can be concluded that the proposed FA-SCGA-CAA is reliable to maintain high node-level fairness while maximizing the utilization of the network resources, which is the ultimate goal of many wireless networks.

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Liang, Linmeng. "Design of the Internet plus Drug Circulation Business Model Based on Value Chain." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (April 12, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6673649.

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With the continuous development of computers and the Internet, all industries in China have brought new opportunities for change, and pharmaceutical e-commerce has also shown great potential for development. With the call and encouragement of national policies, the “Internet + drug distribution” business model has shown great potential to replace the traditional drug distribution model in the near future due to its advantages of shortening the transaction process and reducing the cost of enterprises. This paper presents a literature review on theories related to “Internet + drug distribution,” value chain and business model at home and abroad, and focuses on how traditional drug distribution enterprises should adopt the “Internet + drug distribution” model when the country is vigorously promoting it. The study focuses on how traditional pharmaceutical distribution companies should innovate their business models from the perspective of value chain to seek better development. By comparing the business models before and after the innovation, the new business model of “Internet + drug distribution” can help enterprises establish diversified value propositions, increase revenue channels, and reduce operating costs. At the same time, it can integrate and innovate the internal and external value chains of enterprises, so that traditional pharmaceutical distribution enterprises can further enhance their competitiveness and expand their market share. This thesis can enrich the application of value chain and business model theories in the field of “Internet + drug distribution,” and it is hoped that the model experience developed in this thesis can be used as a reference for similar enterprises in their transformation process.

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Lorenc, Dorota. "INTERNET MEDIA AS A MARKETING TOOL IN TOURISM." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2890.

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Marketing activities of companies are constantly changing due to the globalization and developing technology. In acordance to the new distribution channels as well as to new forms of communication, marketing strategies are based on communication in various media. Since the provision of information become easier, faster and more effective due to the Internet, business representatives are more and more willing to conduct a dialogue wiht clients in virtual world, also transferring their marketing campaigns there. The paper aims to indicate the possibility of using the Internet in marketing activities of companies operating in the tourism services industry, as well as the advantages and disadvantages arising from that fact

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Sekhon, Harjit Singh, Sanjit Kumar Roy, and James Devlin. "Perceptions of fairness in financial services: an analysis of distribution channels." International Journal of Bank Marketing 34, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-10-2014-0140.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine fairness within financial services. In making the contribution the authors examine fairness by four different channels to market and across a range of financial services products. The product categories in the study are those with the highest density levels in the UK. Design/methodology/approach – Underpinned by the development of new measures, this paper is based on telephone interviews and on-line surveys with UK customers of financial services. More than 1,000 customers participated in the survey during the middle of 2013. After reporting the measurement model, the authors use ANOVA to report the differences in the perception of the dimensions of fairness by channel to market. Findings – The authors found there to be significant differences in perceptions using different channels to market. The research shows that where a face-to-face interaction takes place, such as branch contact, they are perceived to be fairer than when interactions are more remote. Given the dimensions of fairness, this reveals the importance of communications during explanations so that interactions are deemed to be fair. Research limitations/implications – The focus of this research was the examination of fairness within the setting of the UK’s financial services sector. The authors are minded that if the research is replicated in other countries or contexts then different aspects of fairness might emerge. Practical implications – Given the challenges faced by the financial services sector, there are implications for practitioners because they must be seen to be treating customers fairly. The research shows that remote contact such as the internet is not perceived as being as fair as face-to-face contact. The fair treatment of customers is likely to lead to positive brand benefits. Originality/value – This study complements the understanding of fairness and provides insight for scholars and practitioners, within financial services.

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Anagnostopoulos, Marios, and John André Seem. "Another Step in the Ladder of DNS-Based Covert Channels: Hiding Ill-Disposed Information in DNSKEY RRs." Information 10, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10090284.

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Covert channel communications are of vital importance for the ill-motivated purposes of cyber-crooks. Through these channels, they are capable of communicating in a stealthy way, unnoticed by the defenders and bypassing the security mechanisms of protected networks. The covert channels facilitate the hidden distribution of data to internal agents. For instance, a stealthy covert channel could be beneficial for the purposes of a botmaster that desires to send commands to their bot army, or for exfiltrating corporate and sensitive private data from an internal network of an organization. During the evolution of Internet, a plethora of network protocols has been exploited as covert channel. DNS protocol however has a prominent position in this exploitation race, as it is one of the few protocols that is rarely restricted by security policies or filtered by firewalls, and thus fulfills perfectly a covert channel’s requirements. Therefore, there are more than a few cases where the DNS protocol and infrastructure are exploited in well-known security incidents. In this context, the work at hand puts forward by investigating the feasibility of exploiting the DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) as a covert channel. We demonstrate that is beneficial and quite straightforward to embed the arbitrary data of an aggressor’s choice within the DNSKEY resource record, which normally provides the public key of a DNSSEC-enabled domain zone. Since DNSKEY contains the public key encoded in base64 format, it can be easily exploited for the dissemination of an encrypted or stego message, or even for the distribution of a malware’s binary encoded in base64 string. To this end, we implement a proof of concept based on two prominent nameserver software, namely BIND and NDS, and we publish in the DNS hierarchy custom data of our choice concealed as the public key of the DNS zone under our jurisdiction in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed covert channel.

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Park, Jongmoon, and Myung-Joon Lee. "SCondi: A Smart Context Distribution Framework Based on a Messaging Service for the Internet of Things." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/271817.

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When developing IoT (Internet of Things) applications, context distribution is a key feature to support effective delivery of related contextual data obtained from things to all interested entities. With the advent of the IoT era, multiple billion devices can generate huge amounts of data that might be used in IoT applications. In this paper, we present a context distribution framework named SCondi utilizing the messaging service which supports MQTT—an OASIS standard IoT messaging protocol. SCondi provides the notion ofcontext channelas a core feature to support efficient and reliable mechanism for distributing huge context information in the IoT environment. The context channel provides a pluggable filter mechanism that supports effective extraction, tailoring, authentication, and security of information.

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Mols, Niels Peter. "The Internet and the banks’ strategic distribution channel decisions." Internet Research 8, no. 4 (October 1998): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249810231087.

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Law, Rob, Rosanna Leung, Ada Lo, Daniel Leung, and Lawrence Hoc Nang Fong. "Distribution channel in hospitality and tourism." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 27, no. 3 (April 13, 2015): 431–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2013-0498.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reexamine several issues about disintermediation from the perspectives of tourism product/service suppliers (hotels) and traditional intermediaries (travel agencies), considering the move of the current distribution landscape toward disintermediation. Internet and mobile technologies offer various tools for consumers to search and purchase products/services from suppliers directly. Consequently, the necessity and role of traditional intermediaries in the industry become questionable. Design/methodology/approach – In all, six focus group interviews were conducted to collect primary data from ten managers of three traditional travel agencies and 11 managers from three business hotels in Hong Kong, which is a major travel destination in Asia with many world-class hotels and tourism facilities. Findings – Despite their different business backgrounds, the interviewees agreed on the increasing importance of Internet technology in the distribution of tourism products. The interviewees also posited that traditional travel agencies are still needed to serve certain customer groups, albeit their role may have little importance. Practical implications – Practitioners should adapt to technologically induced changes to remain competitive in the e-business era. Originality/value – This paper provides several original contributions. First, this paper supplements the extant literature by revealing how modern practitioners perceive disintermediation in the tourism and hospitality industry. Second, this paper is the first to investigate the disintermediation issue from the perspectives of tourism product/service suppliers and intermediaries. Finally, this paper provides a reference for industry practitioners to establish adequate strategies that take advantage of Internet technology.

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Śmiglak-Krajewska, Magdalena, and Julia Wojciechowska-Solis. "Consumer versus Organic Products in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunities and Barriers to Market Development." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 5566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175566.

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The main objective of this study was to determine the behavior of the Polish consumer of organic products during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify preferred channels of distribution of organic products in the situation of restricted freedom of movement as well as to assess what information displayed on the labels of organic food was most important to the customer. The research was conducted on a sample of 1108 respondents with the use of CAWI technique collected in an online survey carried out in February–August 2020. To analyze the obtained results, cluster analysis, linear regression model and duplication method were used to verify the substitute channels for purchasing organic goods. The pandemic has intensified the health value of consumers when making decisions about choosing food products. Consumers are sensitive shoppers who read the content of the labels and pay attention to the ingredients of the products they buy. The price is also of significant importance for consumers; however, it is less important than, for example, the expiration date of the purchased product. With the use of PCA analysis, it was possible to identify 18 factors that could be divided into three segments: marketing, practical and sensory. The proposed factors, according to the respondents, had an effect on the purchase of organic products by Polish consumers. Regarding the preferred purchasing channels, the Internet is becoming more and more important. Almost one-quarter of the respondents confirmed that they bought organic products via the above-mentioned distribution channel. Nearly 17% of the surveyed consumers considered the Internet to be an alternative way of doing their shopping. The results obtained in the research can be used in the sector of organic food producers to design marketing strategies and to adapt their offer to the proposed four groups of purchasers of organic products: eco-activists, eco-dietitians, eco-traditionalists, eco-innovators.

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Kim, Yunhyoung, and Jeonghoon Mo. "Pricing of Digital Video Supply Chain: Free versus Paid Service on the Direct Distribution Channel." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010046.

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Media publishers that have commonly relied on profits from advertisements and content sales to fund their operations are not only content providers (manufacturers) to media aggregator platforms (retailers) but are also competing service providers (rival retailers) in the digital video supply chain. Different from a traditional media supply chain, they can easily operate their own direct distribution channels in the Internet era. In the digital video supply chain, it is not clear whether commercialization of the direct distribution channel would be beneficial for the media publisher because it would decrease profits from advertisements. The choice about commercialization should be investigated thoroughly because it is closely related to the media publishers’ sustainability as a public medium in a digital environment. In this study, we analyze the impacts of commercializing the direct distribution channel based on a game-theoretic approach. Specifically, we compare the profits of a media publisher with and without the commercialization of the channel from analyses of sequentially defined games. Our results show that media publishers prefer to use a free service on their direct channel if the content they provide is not highly valued. They can also choose not to provide their content to the media aggregator with a paid service.

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Mandal, Pratap Chandra. "Adoption of E-Commerce and M-Commerce Marketing Practices." International Journal of Business Strategy and Automation 2, no. 3 (July 2021): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbsa.20210701.oa2.

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E-commerce has become an important marketing channel with the increasing usage of internet by customers. Companies use both physical intermediaries and online distribution channels for selling their products and services. The study discusses about pure-click companies which sell products online and about brick-and-click companies which sell products both online and through intermediaries. The study focuses on m-commerce which is becoming an important distribution channel and preferred mode of transaction with the increasing usage of smart phones. Companies practicing e-commerce and m-commerce adopt a number of strategies to delight their customers and these strategies are discussed. Both e-commerce and m-commerce have a number of privacy and security issues. Companies should be aware of these issues and formulate measures to ensure privacy and security of information shared by customers. All these will help companies in adopting e-commerce and m-commerce, delighting their customers, building long-term relationships, and in achieving business excellence.

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Mei, Yixin, Fan Li, Lijun He, and Liejun Wang. "Joint Source and Channel Rate Allocation over Noisy Channels in a Vehicle Tracking Multimedia Internet of Things System." Sensors 18, no. 9 (August 30, 2018): 2858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092858.

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As an emerging type of Internet of Things (IoT), multimedia IoT (MIoT) has been widely used in the domains of healthcare, smart buildings/homes, transportation and surveillance. In the mobile surveillance system for vehicle tracking, multiple mobile camera nodes capture and upload videos to a cloud server to track the target. Due to the random distribution and mobility of camera nodes, wireless networks are chosen for video transmission. However, the tracking precision can be decreased because of degradation of video quality caused by limited wireless transmission resources and transmission errors. In this paper, we propose a joint source and channel rate allocation scheme to optimize the performance of vehicle tracking in cloud servers. The proposed scheme considers the video content features that impact tracking precision for optimal rate allocation. To improve the reliability of data transmission and the real-time video communication, forward error correction is adopted in the application layer. Extensive experiments are conducted on videos from the Object Tracking Benchmark using the H.264/AVC standard and a kernelized correlation filter tracking scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme can allocate rates efficiently and provide high quality tracking service under the total transmission rate constraints.

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Kostecka-Jurczyk, Daria. "Selective Distribution Restrictions in the EU Competition Law." Lexonomica 12, no. 2 (2020): 261–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.12.2.261-280.2020.

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The dynamic development of digital technologies favours the rapid increase the popularity of electronic commerce, but at the same time causes an ever-stronger competitive pressure, prompting manufacturers and wholesalers to use various tools for controlling the sales system, especially prices. They often impose various restrictions on commercial partners (e.g. distributors) by preventing them from using certain sales channels. However, it is difficult to delimit the legality of such sales restrictions. It is very difficult to find an answer to the question of where the appropriate demarcation line should be drawn that determines the violation of competition rules, especially in online sales. Regulation 330/2010 seems not to be tailored to the assessment of restrictions in online distribution channels. The aim of the article is to point out the lack of appropriate tools to assess the restrictions of internet sales. The article shows that there is currently no uniform approach by antitrust authorities, which in turn results in legal uncertainty. It seems that the amendment of Regulation 330/2010 should be considered and the market share threshold set out in it should be lowered, while at the same time ensuring that it will be an actual safe harbour for companies, including online distributors.

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Min, Hokey. "Exploring Omni-Channels for Customer-Centric e-Tailing." Logistics 5, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics5020031.

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In this volatile post-COVID environment where customers look for ways to order products online using personal computers and mobile devices, a traditional sale/delivery of products via single distribution channel needs to be reassessed. As a revolutionary alternative to a conventional distribution channel, this paper proposes an omni-channel strategy. The omni-channel aims to maximize the customer shopping experience by diversifying and integrating the product purchase and delivery media through customer engagement. The omni-channel also facilitates the sales of products by allowing customers to seamlessly interact with retailers across the multiple channels such as websites, social media, brick-and-mortar stores, kiosks, call centers, and the like. Since the transformation of product sale, purchase, and delivery processes requires a new business mindset and innovative strategic initiatives, this paper sheds light on potential challenges and opportunities of implementing the omni-channel strategy, while identifying key success factors for the application of the omni-channel concept to e-tailing.

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Van den Poel, Dirk, and Joseph Leunis. "Consumer Acceptance of the Internet as a Channel of Distribution." Journal of Business Research 45, no. 3 (July 1999): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0148-2963(97)00236-1.

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Li, Feng. "Internet banking: from new distribution channel to new business models." International Journal of Business Performance Management 4, no. 2/3/4 (2002): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbpm.2002.000112.

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Kim, Dohyeong, Minju Gu, Tae-Hyeong Oh, Eun-Kyu Kim, and Hye-Ji Yang. "Introduction of the Advanced Meteorological Imager of Geo-Kompsat-2a: In-Orbit Tests and Performance Validation." Remote Sensing 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13071303.

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Geo-Kompsat-2A (Geostationary-Korean Multi-Purpose SATtellite-2A, GK2A), a new generation of Korean geostationary meteorological satellite, carry state-of-the-art optical sensors with significantly higher radiometric, spectral, and spatial resolution than the Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) previously available in the geostationary orbit. The new Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI) on GK2A has 16 observation channels, and its spatial resolution is 0.5 or 1 km for visible channels and 2 km for near-infrared and infrared channels. These advantages, when combined with shortened revisit times (around 10 min for full disk and 2 min for sectored regions), provide new levels of capacity for the identification and tracking of rapidly changing weather phenomena and for the derivation of quantitative products. These improvements will bring about unprecedented levels of performance in nowcasting services and short-range weather forecasting systems. Imagery from the satellites is distributed and disseminated to users via multiple paths, including internet services and satellite broadcasting services. In post-launch performance validation, infrared channel calibration is accurate to within 0.2 K with no significant diurnal variation using an approach developed under the Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System framework. Visible and near infrared channels showed unexpected seasonal variations of approximately 5 to 10% using the ray matching method and lunar calibration. Image navigation was accurate to within requirements, 42 µrad (1.5 km), and channel-to-channel registration was also validated. This paper describes the features of the GK2A AMI, GK2A ground segment, and data distribution. Early performance results of AMI during the commissioning period are presented to demonstrate the capabilities and applications of the sensor.

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LEE, H. K., K. I. GOH, B. KAHNG, and D. KIM. "INTERNET DATA PACKET TRANSPORT: FROM GLOBAL TOPOLOGY TO LOCAL QUEUEING DYNAMICS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17, no. 07 (July 2007): 2485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127407018555.

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We study structural feature and evolution of the Internet at the autonomous systems level. Extracting relevant parameters for the growth dynamics of the Internet topology, we construct a toy model for the Internet evolution, which includes the ingredients of multiplicative stochastic evolution of nodes and edges and adaptive rewiring of edges. The model reproduces successfully structural features of the Internet at a fundamental level. We also introduce a quantity called the load as the capacity of node needed for handling the communication traffic and study its time-dependent behavior at the hubs across years. The load at hub increases with network size N as ~ N1.8. Finally, we study data packet traffic in the microscopic scale. The average delay time of data packets in a queueing system is calculated, in particular, when the number of arrival channels is scale-free. We show that when the number of arriving data packets follows a power law distribution, ~ n-λ, the queue length distribution decays as n1-λ and the average delay time at the hub diverges as ~ N(3-λ)/(γ-1) in the N → ∞ limit when 2 < λ < 3γ being the network degree exponent.

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Orrego-Carmona, David. "Subtitling, video consumption and viewers." Translation Spaces 3 (November 28, 2014): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.3.03orr.

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The emergence of international audiences and the activities of prosumers are modifying international media flows. Consumers have become active mediators in the distribution of audiovisual contents through the Internet, overstepping official distribution channels. As an efficient way to overcome linguistic barriers, non-professional subtitling plays an important role within this framework. In order to analyze how the new environment is altering users’ behavior and attitudes, this article looks at the case of video consumption and non-professional subtitling use in Spain. By drawing on questionnaires, interviews and documentary sources on the Internet, the article aims at providing a general picture of current consumption habits of audiovisual material in a globalized society. It explores users’ engagement with audiovisual content, their attitude towards subtitling and non-professional subtitling, and how they manage their expectations and adapt to the new conditions.

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Shurmina, Irina. "Digital advertising: regulations and challenges in Russia." Interactive Entertainment Law Review 3, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/ielr.2020.01.06.

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Advertising on the Internet showed fascinating results in Russia in 2019 – according to the statistics of the Association of Communication Agencies of Russia (ACAR), the Internet was the only growing platform of advertising distribution, while such channels as TV, radio and printed media shortened their advertising profits. Along with growth of the online advertising market the interest and attention to legal aspects of digital advertising is increasing. Cases on digital advertising are always creative just like advertising itself is. The main challenges relate to the application of regular requirements of the advertising law, which are already well understood in the TV or radio business, to the Internet. While doing this, we in Russia also take into account international experience and trends in the field of digital advertising and try to predict further development of legal landscape and practice.

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Wang, Haiyan, and Tatsuhiko Nariu. "Distribution Channel Management in an Internet Age: Equilibrium and Social Welfare." Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 12, no. 3 (April 6, 2011): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10842-011-0098-1.

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Targański, Bartosz. "Is Selective Distribution Possible on the Internet? On Restrictions of Online Search Advertising and Online Sales in the Guess Case." Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies 12, no. 21 (2020): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1689-9024.yars.2020.13.21.9.

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This comment discusses the case AT.4028 of 17 December 2018, where the European Commission imposed a fine of 39.8 million Euro on clothing company Guess for several restrictive provisions in agreements with its distributors in the EEA, including restrictions of online search advertising and online sales. The case demonstrates that e-commerce leads to disintermediation within the supply chain, which in turn leads to tensions between the manufacturer of branded products and authorized distributors operating in a selective distribution system. The case does not provide, however, much practical guidance on how to align online and offline channels into one distribution system supporting a prestigious image of branded products. Therefore, an example of a distribution system integrating online and offline sales from the practice of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is presented.

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Zhou, Qi Hai, and Yan Li. "Research on Logistics Distribution Mode for E-Commerce Businesses." Advanced Materials Research 181-182 (January 2011): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.181-182.3.

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Electronic commerce is the products of the development of Internet and information technology in the twentieth century. It makes commodity trading changing dramatically, not only to shorten trading hours, transactions faster, but also greatly reduce the transaction costs of commodity transactions. As a rapidly developing e-commerce industry, logistics and distribution system has become an unavoidable bottleneck to E-commerce Businesses. The efficiency level of logistics and distribution system is the key to the success of e-commerce, the currently logistics problems plaguing the e-commerce are: high cost of delivery of goods, high storage costs, imperfect distribution channels. In this paper, discuss how to build a value of the galaxy in which e-commerce businesses as the core member, thereby strengthening and improving contact to commodity suppliers, service providers and customers. Format a harmonious and win-win situation by mutual promotion and common development to solve the logistics problems of the e-commerce business development constraints.

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Keskinkılıç, Mustafa, Yılmaz Ağca, and Ersin Karaman. "İnternet ve Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanımının Turizm Dağıtım Kanallarına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Uygulama - An Application On The Effects of Internet and Information Systems Usage Tourism Distribution Channels." Journal of Business Research - Turk 8, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2016.227.

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Tingaud, Florian, Sébastien Ferrouillat, Stéphane Colasson, Odin Bulliard-Sauret, and André Bontemps. "Improvement of Two-Phase Flow Distribution in Compact Heat Exchangers by Using Ultrasound." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.521.

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In this communication we present a new active method to modify two-phase flow distribution in a heat exchanger, when it is in operation, by using ultrasound generators which can be activated when necessary. An experimental study has been carried out to validate the concept and to evaluate the effects of ultrasound on the flow distribution. An experimental test rig was built to measure the flow distribution in realistic manifold and parallel channel geometry. The test section is composed of a manifold feeding 10 channels with air-water mixture. In front of each channel a piezoelectric generator is placed to emit ultrasonic waves which can interact with liquid flows. Comparison was made between two-phase flows with and without ultrasound. It was demonstrated that, in most cases, uneven distribution was improved by using ultrasound.

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Yang, Guang Yong. "Design of Carbon Efficient Online Logistics Networks." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 1444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1444.

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With development of internet network, more traditional brick-and-mortar firms sell products via online channels. The key feature of online channels is home delivery, hence, how to design efficient online logistics networks has been the core problem faced by online firms. Furthermore, with increasing pollution of ecological environment and global warming, more carbon emission regulations enacted and implemented also impact firms operation and decision. This paper mainly study online logistics networks design constraint from carbon emission regulations. We analyze the following three types of networks, dropping delivery network (D), delivery network via distribution center (W), and last mile delivery network (L). Combining carbon emission from inbound and outbound transportation, and emission from inventory storage, we design optimal logistics networks and then analyze online logistics network design of Sunfeng best choice firm.

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RASHEED, HOWARD S. "CONTRASTING E-COMMERCE BUSINESS MODELS: PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS FOR SMALL ENTERPRISES." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 14, no. 01 (March 2009): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946709001168.

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Pure plays use the Internet as a market entry strategy, and brick and clicks use the Internet as an alternate channel of distribution. Theoretical frameworks from entrepreneurship, marketing, and electronic commerce are used to explore performance differences between these business models. This study uses a geographically diverse sample of 240 small enterprises engaged in Internet-based consumer marketing. Results suggest brick and clicks enjoy performance advantages over pure plays in international revenue growth. Higher Internet promotional expenditures positively impact revenue growth. Firms using the Internet for sales transactions experience negative profit expectations and revenue growth. Firms using the Internet for product distribution experience significant international sales growth. Product depth influences profit expectations and domestic revenue growth. These results should provide a basis for building theory relative to performance implications of Internet-based commerce for small enterprises.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Distribution channels on the Internet'

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