Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Distribution de probabilité'
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Diop, Cheikh Abdoulahat. "La structure multimodale de la distribution de probabilité de la réflectivité radar des précipitations." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3089/.
Full textA set of radar data gathered over various sites of the US Nexrad (Next Generation Weather Radar) S band radar network is used to analyse the probability distribution function (pdf) of the radar reflectivity factor (Z) of precipitation, P(Z). Various storm types are studied and a comparison between them is made: 1) hailstorms at the continental site of Little Rock (Arkansas), 2) peninsular and coastal convection at Miami (Florida), 3) coastal convection and land/sea transition at Brownsville (Texas), 4) tropical maritime convection at Hawaii, 5) midlatitude maritime convection at Eureka (California), 6) snowstorms from winter frontal continental systems at New York City (New York), and 7) high latitude maritime snowstorms at Middleton Island (Alaska). Each storm type has a specific P(Z) signature with a complex shape. It is shown that P(Z) is a mixture of Gaussian components, each of them being attribuable to a precipitation type. Using the EM (Expectation Maximisation) algorithm of Dempster et al. 1977, based on the maximum likelihood method, four main components are categorized in hailstorms: 1) cloud and precipitation of very low intensity or drizzle, 2) stratiform precipitation, 3) convective precipitation, and 4) hail. Each component is described by the fraction of area occupied inside P(Z) and by the two Gaussian parameters, mean and variance. The absence of hail component in maritime and coastal storms is highlighted. For snowstorms, P(Z) has a more regular shape. The presence of several components in P(Z) is linked to some differences in the dynamics and microphysics of each precipitation type. The retrieval of the mixed distribution by a linear combination of the Gaussian components gives a very stisfactory P(Z) fitting. An application of the results of the split-up of P(Z) is then presented. Cloud, rain, and hail components have been isolated and each corresponding P(Z) is converted into a probability distribution of rain rate P(R) which parameters are µR and sR2 , respectively mean and variance. It is shown on the graph (µR ,sR2) that each precipitation type occupies a specific area. This suggests that the identified components are distinct. For example, the location of snowstorms representative points indicates that snow is statistically different from rain. The P(R) variation coefficient, CVR = sR/µR is constant for each precipitation type. This result implies that knowing CVR and measuring only one of the P(R) parameters enable to determine the other one and to define the rain rate probability distribution. The influence of the coefficients a and b of the relation Z = aRb on P(R) is also discussed
Genitrini, Antoine. "Expressions booléennes aléatoires : probabilité, complexité et comparaison quantitative de logiques propositionnelles." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0010.
Full textIn this thesis, I am interested in propositional systems from a probability/complexity point of view. I begin with two probability distributions on Boolean functions, induced by the Boolean expressions built with the Implication connective. I obtain the structure of most of the expressions representing a given function, when the number of variables tends to infinity. This gives the asymptotic equivalent of the probability of the function, depending on its complexity. Via the function True, we compare quantitatively the intuitionistic and classical logics of implication. This comparison highlights some properties of a class of expressions, that are found also in the full propositional system, and we can compare the two logics in this system. Finally we study balanced expressions in the two systems built on implication, or on the two connectors And and Or. In both cases, we exhibit the probability distribution of the functions
Nehme, Bilal. "Techniques non-additives d'estimation de la densité de probabilité." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576957.
Full textNouir, Zakaria. "Amélioration de la prédiction d'un simulateur des réseaux mobiles par apprentissage de distributions de probabilité." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066081.
Full textPhilippe, Anne. "Contribution à la théorie des lois de référence et aux méthodes de Monte Carlo." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES005.
Full textMalki, Noureddine. "Contribution au diagnostic des Systèmes à Evénements Discrets par modèles temporels et distributions de probabilité." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS016/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis represents a contribution to the problem of diagnosis in discrete event systems (DES). The objective of our work consists in a proposition for a diagnostic approach by exploiting the temporal aspect which characterizing the occurrence of events. For this, the system is modeled by temporal graphs belonging to the timed automata formwork. The approach is designed according to the decentralized architecture to avoid any combinatorial explosion in the construction of the models. It has allowed the detection and isolation of abrupt faults occurring on equipment by combining the enablement conditions of events and the Boolean functions for the non-occurrence of events.Secondly, gradual faults coming from the process its self are considerate. For this, time constraints expressing the dates of occurrence of events in the Templates and Chronicles are modeled by probability distributions (PDs). These are used to characterize normal, degraded or failed functioning of each subsystem with a degree of certainty. Identification of this functioning mode is represented by the value of a degradation indicator
Baraquin, Isabelle. "Analyse et probabilité sur les groupes quantiques (localement) compacts et les groupes duaux." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD009.
Full textIn the first part, we introduce the tools of noncommutative mathematics that we will use in our study of finite quantum groups and dual groups. In particular, we present these "groups" and some of their properties.The second part is dedicated to the study of some finite quantum groups: the Kac-Paljutkin one and the family of Sekine. For each of these examples, we study (asymptotic) properties of the *-distribution of irreducible characters and convergence of random walks arising from linear combinations of irreducible characters. We first examine the representation theory to determine irreducible representations and their powers. Then we study the *-distribution of their trace with respect to the Haar state, by looking at the mixed *-moments. For the Sekine family we determine the asymptotic distribution (as the dimension of the algebra goes to infinity), by considering convergence of moments. For study of random walks, we bound the distance to the Haar state and determine the asymptotic behavior, i.e. the limit state if it exists. We note that the possible limits are any central idempotent state. We also look at cut-off phenomenon in the Sekine finite quantum groups.In the third part, we study dual groups in the sense of Voiculescu. In particular, we are interested in asymptotic properties of the *-distribution of traces of some matrices, with respect to the free Haar trace on the unitary dual group. The considered matrices are powers of the unitary matrix generating the Brown algebra. We proceed in two steps, first computing the mixed *-moments, then characterizing the distribution thanks to the free cumulants. We obtain that these traces are asymptotically *-free circular variables. We also explore the orthogonal dual group, which has a similar behavior
Goffard, Pierre-Olivier. "Approximations polynomiales de densités de probabilité et applications en assurance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4026/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis studies numerical methods to approximate the probability density function of random variables governed by compound distributions. These random variables are useful in actuarial science to model the risk of a portfolio of contracts. In ruin theory, the probability of ultimate ruin within the compound Poisson ruin model is the survival function of a geometric compound distribution. The proposed method consists in a projection of the probability density function onto an orthogonal polynomial system. These polynomials are orthogonal with respect to a probability measure that belongs to Natural Exponential Families with Quadratic Variance Function. The polynomiam approximation is compared to other numerical methods that recover the probability density function from the knowledge of the moments or the Laplace transform of the distribution. The polynomial method is then extended in a multidimensional setting, along with the probability density estimator derived from the approximation formula. An aggregation procedure adapted to life insurance portfolios is also described. The method aims at building a portfolio of model points in order to compute the best estimate liabilities in a timely manner and in a way that is compliant with the European directive Solvency II
Et, Tabii Mohamed. "Contributions aux descriptions optimales par modèles statistiques exponentiels." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES028.
Full textPetit, Jean-Claude. "Contribution à l'étude des statistiques non paramétriques : Existence et caractérisation d'évènements libres relativement à une famille de lois de probabilité et applications." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10054.
Full textDucasse, Quentin. "Etude de la méthode de substitution à partir de la mesure simultanée des probabilités de fission et d'émission gamma des actinides 236U, 238U, 237Np et 238Np." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0109/document.
Full textNeutron-induced cross sections of short-lived nuclei are important in various fields such as fundamental physics, astrophysics or nuclear energy. However, these cross sections are often extremely difficult to measure due to high radioactivity of the targets involved. The surrogate-reaction method is an indirect way to determine neutron-induced cross sections of short-lived nuclei. In order to study the validity of the method, we have measured for the very first time in a surrogate-reaction experiment simultaneously fission and gamma-decay probabilities for the actinides 236U, 238U, 237Np and 238Np. This is challenging because one has to remove the gamma rays emitted by the fission fragments. The measurement was performed at the Oslocyclotron.Our results show that for a given excitation energy, our gamma-decay probabilities are several times higher than neutron-induced probabilities, which can be attributed to differences in spin distribution between the two types of reactions. On the other hand, our fission probabilities are in good agreement with neutron-induced data. Statistical-model calculations applied with standardparameters cannot reproduce the weak spin sensibility to variations of the angular momentum observed for the fission probabilities. However, it is possible to reproduce the experimental observations by considering a stronger increase of the moment of inertia of the fissionning nucleus with deformation. Further theoretical efforts are needed to improve the understanding of our results
El, Abdi Fouad. "Méthodes de géométrie différentielle dans les modèles statistiques et applications : modèles exponentiels et modèles normaux multidimensionnels : reconstruction des densités de probabilité et des densités spectrales." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112253.
Full textThis work is a wide application of differential geometry methods to statistic. In chapter one we introduce the differential methods used in statistical models, essentially a Riemannian manifold structure with a pair of dual connexions with respect to particular metrics These methods have already been used by AMARI, CHENTSOV, EFRON, LAURITZEN In the two following chapters we study the projection estimators introduced by AMARI and LAURITZEN especially their asymptotic properties which in the case of exponential families have a geomeric expression So we have proved first that the first order efficiency means that the underlying Riemannian geometry is conformably equivalent to the Fisher one and then that the second order efficiency means a similar property for the underlying connexions. Note that almost all the usual estimators maximum of likelihood minimum of contrast belong to this class. The last part of this work is an application of the previous results 1- To multivariate normal model, especially to the non-linear multivariate normal regression 2-To reconstruction by projection of probability densities and spectrale densities in the case of Hilbertian manifolds
Quiroz, Martínez Benjamín. "Étude de la variabilité temporelle et spatiale des peuplements des annélides polychètes de l'Atlantique nord-est européen, dynamique des peuplements en Manche et patrons de distribution sur le plateau continental." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10106/document.
Full textOne of the key features of environmental field studies is their high variability at many different time and space scales. Because of these external influences and of the stochasticity introduced by the reproduction, population dynamics are also characterised by high variability over time and space. The search for universal scaling laws in ecology often involves considering a form of power-law distribution, power laws can emerge in population dynamics or in patterns of abundance, distribution, and richness. Using the polychaetes, group that colonises a large range of soft and hard marine sediment habitats, from intertidal to hadal zones, and are considered to be good surrogates to identify the main environmental conditions that control the structure and functioning of benthic communities, we try to identify the spatiotemporal changes in biodiversity for this characteristic benthic group. First, we discuss the dynamics of polychaete populations. Based on long-term series of three soft-bottom communities, we study the dynamics of polychaete populations using different statistical techniques; we characterise extreme events in abundance data and we show how to apply some quantification methods to highly erratic and intermittent biological series. Then, we discuss the spatial distribution of polychaete species aiming to: identify latitudinal, longitudinal and bathymetric patterns on the European northeast Atlantic continental shelf; and test the existence of general, perhaps universal, patterns for characterising biodiversity i.e. increasing diversity with sampled area, its decay from the equator to the poles and the increase in richness with the total abundance of individuals
Bletery, Quentin. "Analyse probabiliste et multi-données de la source de grands séismes." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4092/document.
Full textEarthquakes are the results of rapid slip on active faults loaded in stress by the tectonic plates motion. It is now establish - at least for large earthquakes - that the distribution of this rapid slip along the rupturing faults is heterogeneous. Imaging the complexity of such slip distributions is one the main challenges in seismology because of the potential implications on understanding earthquake genesis and the associated possibility to better anticipate devastating shaking and tsunami. To improve the imaging of such co-seismic slip distributions, three axes may be followed: increase the constraints on the source models by including more observations into the inversions, improve the physical modeling of the forward problem and improve the formalism to solve the inverse problem. In this PhD thesis, we explore these three axes by studying two recent major earthquakes: the Tohoku-Oki (Mw 9.0) and Sumatra-Andaman (Mw 9.1-9.3) earthquakes, which occured in 2011 and 2004 respectively
Abdellaoui, Taoufiq. "Distances de deux lois dans les espaces de Banach." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUE5003.
Full textElfadaly, Fadlalla Ghaly Hassan Mohamed. "Elicitation of subjective probability distributions." Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.578703.
Full textKäärik, Meelis. "Fitting sets to probability distributions /." Tartu, Estonia, 2005. http://dspace.utlib.ee/dspace/bitstream/10062/512/5/kaarik.pdf.
Full textSkaff, Stephanie J. C. "Probability distributions over cryptographic protocols." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FSkaff.pdf.
Full textThesis Advisor(s): Herzog, Jonathan. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 14 July 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Automatic protocol generation; protocol analysis; security protocols; cryptographic protocols; key-exchange protocols; authentication protocols; protocol verification. Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-134). Also available in print.
Hansen, Mary Jo. "Probability of Discrete Failures, Weibull Distribution." DigitalCommons@USU, 1989. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7023.
Full textFuhr, Norbert Huether Hubert. "Optimum Probability Estimation from Empirical Distributions." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2004. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-04232004-101837/.
Full textList, Jessica. "Analysis of option implied probability distributions." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02051878001/$FILE/02051878001.pdf.
Full textTABLADA, Claudio Javier. "Generalized probability distributions for lifetime applications." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/23660.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T19:58:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Tese_cd.pdf: 1772542 bytes, checksum: 9852fe90d8b009ad3e0db02dbf491d37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-23
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A arte da indução paramétrica a uma distribuição-base é um dos métodos mais usados para obter modelos mais versáteis. A principal razão para esta tendência é o fato de que, muitas vezes, modelos clássicos podem não ser suficientemente flexíveis para ajustar certos dados de tempos de vida. Assim, distribuições generalizadas ou estendidas são de grande importância, principalmente por duas razões: para ter maior controle nas caudas e para melhorar a bondade de ajuste da distribuição-base. Nesta tese, propomos duas novas famílias de distribuições, denominadas de famílias do supremo e do ínfimo, as quais acrescentam um parâmetro de forma a uma distribuição-base. Obtemos algumas propriedades e quantidades matemáticas dessas famílias. Além disso, apresentamos cinco modelos particulares pertencentes à família do supremo e outros cinco modelos pertencentes à família do ínfimo. Uma outra contribuição é um modelo de três parâmetros, denominado de distribuição Fréchet modificada, a qual é obtida acrescentando um parâmetro de forma no modelo Fréchet. Usando a função W de Lambert, obtemos várias quantidades e propriedades matemáticas deste modelo. Finalmente, propomos um modelo generalizado de quatro parâmetros, denominado de distribuição beta Marshall-OlkinLomax, obtido considerando a distribuição Lomax como modelo base no gerador beta Marshall-Olkin. Determinamos várias expansões úteis e propriedades matemáticas para este modelo. Em todos os casos, provamos empiricamente a aplicabilidade dos novos modelos a dados reais.
The art of parameter induction to a parent distribution is one of the methods more used for obtain more versatile models. The main reason for this trend is the fact that, many times, classic models often may not be flexible enough to adjust certain lifetime data. So, generalized or extended distributions are of great importance, mainly for two reasons: for controlling the tails and improve the goodness-of-fit of the parent distribution. In this thesis, we propose two new families of distributions, namely thesupremum and infimum families, which induce a shape parameter to a parent distribution. We obtain some properties and mathematical quantities of these families. In addition, we present five particular models belonging to the supremum family and others five models belonging to the infimum family. Other contribution is a three-parameter model called the modified Fréchet distribution, which is obtained by inducing a shape parameter in the Fréchet model. Using the Lambert W function, we obtain several mathematical quantities and properties of this model. Finally, we propose a four-parameter generalized model called the beta Marshall-Olkin Lomax distribution, which is obtained to considering the Lomax distribution as the parent model in the beta Marshall-Olkingerator. We obtain several useful expansions and mathematical properties for this model. In all cases, we prove empirically the applicability of the new models to real data.
Lindemann, Andreas M. "Probability distribution architectrues for trading financial markets." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420036.
Full textBright, Leslie William. "Matrix-analytic methods in applied probability /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb855.pdf.
Full textDominicy, Yves. "Quantile-based inference and estimation of heavy-tailed distributions." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209311.
Full textThe first chapter introduces a quantile- and simulation-based estimation method, which we call the Method of Simulated Quantiles, or simply MSQ. Since it is based on quantiles, it is a moment-free approach. And since it is based on simulations, we do not need closed form expressions of any function that represents the probability law of the process. Thus, it is useful in case the probability density functions has no closed form or/and moments do not exist. It is based on a vector of functions of quantiles. The principle consists in matching functions of theoretical quantiles, which depend on the parameters of the assumed probability law, with those of empirical quantiles, which depend on the data. Since the theoretical functions of quantiles may not have a closed form expression, we rely on simulations.
The second chapter deals with the estimation of the parameters of elliptical distributions by means of a multivariate extension of MSQ. In this chapter we propose inference for vast dimensional elliptical distributions. Estimation is based on quantiles, which always exist regardless of the thickness of the tails, and testing is based on the geometry of the elliptical family. The multivariate extension of MSQ faces the difficulty of constructing a function of quantiles that is informative about the covariation parameters. We show that the interquartile range of a projection of pairwise random variables onto the 45 degree line is very informative about the covariation.
The third chapter consists in constructing a multivariate tail index estimator. In the univariate case, the most popular estimator for the tail exponent is the Hill estimator introduced by Bruce Hill in 1975. The aim of this chapter is to propose an estimator of the tail index in a multivariate context; more precisely, in the case of regularly varying elliptical distributions. Since, for univariate random variables, our estimator boils down to the Hill estimator, we name it after Bruce Hill. Our estimator is based on the distance between an elliptical probability contour and the exceedance observations.
Finally, the fourth chapter investigates the asymptotic behaviour of the marginal sample quantiles for p-dimensional stationary processes and we obtain the asymptotic normality of the empirical quantile vector. We assume that the processes are S-mixing, a recently introduced and widely applicable notion of dependence. A remarkable property of S-mixing is the fact that it doesn't require any higher order moment assumptions to be verified. Since we are interested in quantiles and processes that are probably heavy-tailed, this is of particular interest.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ruiz, Virginie. "Estimation et prédiction d'un système évoluant de façon non linéaire : filtrage par densités approchées." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUE5018.
Full textPivato, Marcus. "Analytical methods for multivariate stable probability distributions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63698.pdf.
Full textWiewiora, Eric Walter. "Modeling probability distributions with predictive state representations." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3288810.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed January 15, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-117).
Giamouridis, Daniel. "Implied probability distributions : estimation, testing and applications." Thesis, City University London, 2001. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8388/.
Full textBall, Michael A. "Estimating probability distributions implicit in option prices /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00026903.pdf.
Full textBouchacourt, Diane. "Task-oriented learning of structured probability distributions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0665495b-afbb-483b-8bdf-cbc6ae5baeff.
Full textStarvaggi, Patrick William. "Exact Distributions of Sequential Probability Ratio Tests." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1397042380.
Full textPatron, Glenda G. "Joint probability distribution of rainfall intensity and duration." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063226/.
Full textMenendez, San Francisco Marcos. "Nuevas herramientas para el estudio del enlace quimico en el espacio real : orbitales naturales adaptativos y dominios de probabilidad maxima." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066044/document.
Full textThe study and analysis of the electronic density in real space, in particular the chemical bond, is carried out through two new techniques: maximum probability domains (MPDs) and natural adaptive orbitals (NAdOs).On one hand, the MPD method allows for an optimization of a spatial region in order to maximize the probability of finding a given and exact number of electrons. Thus, a maximum probability domain is a region of space maximizing such probability. In this way, it is possible to generate a space partitioning in several regions with a clear physical interpretation.With the MPD method, a connection between Quantum Mechanics and the classical Lewis’ picture may be established. MPD regions may be associated to bonds, lone pairs and cores.On the other hand, NAdOs recover and generalize the domain averaged Fermi hole (DAFH) concept,introduced by R. Ponec. The development of natural adaptive orbitals is based on widely known objects, called reduced density matrices. The combination of theses matrices, especially withthose parts that can not be expressed in terms of lower order (cumulant densities) with divisions of the real space, allows to define a hierarchy of chemical bond indices between several fragments of space. In addition, the study of electronic correlation through NAdOs is easily accesible
Stewart, Michael. "Asymptotic methods for tests of homogeneity for finite mixture models." Connect to full text, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/855.
Full textTitle from title screen (viewed Apr. 28, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
Peng, Shen. "Optimisation stochastique avec contraintes en probabilités et applications." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS153/document.
Full textChance constrained optimization is a natural and widely used approaches to provide profitable and reliable decisions under uncertainty. And the topics around the theory and applications of chance constrained problems are interesting and attractive. However, there are still some important issues requiring non-trivial efforts to solve. In view of this, we will systematically investigate chance constrained problems from the following perspectives. As the basis for chance constrained problems, we first review some main research results about chance constraints in three perspectives: convexity of chance constraints, reformulations and approximations for chance constraints and distributionally robust chance constraints. For stochastic geometric programs, we formulate consider a joint rectangular geometric chance constrained program. With elliptically distributed and pairwise independent assumptions for stochastic parameters, we derive a reformulation of the joint rectangular geometric chance constrained programs. As the reformulation is not convex, we propose new convex approximations based on the variable transformation together with piecewise linear approximation methods. Our numerical results show that our approximations are asymptotically tight. When the probability distributions are not known in advance or the reformulation for chance constraints is hard to obtain, bounds on chance constraints can be very useful. Therefore, we develop four upper bounds for individual and joint chance constraints with independent matrix vector rows. Based on the one-side Chebyshev inequality, Chernoff inequality, Bernstein inequality and Hoeffding inequality, we propose deterministic approximations for chance constraints. In addition, various sufficient conditions under which the aforementioned approximations are convex and tractable are derived. To reduce further computational complexity, we reformulate the approximations as tractable convex optimization problems based on piecewise linear and tangent approximations. Finally, based on randomly generated data, numerical experiments are discussed in order to identify the tight deterministic approximations. In some complex systems, the distribution of the random parameters is only known partially. To deal with the complex uncertainties in terms of the distribution and sample data, we propose a data-driven mixture distribution based uncertainty set. The data-driven mixture distribution based uncertainty set is constructed from the perspective of simultaneously estimating higher order moments. Then, with the mixture distribution based uncertainty set, we derive a reformulation of the data-driven robust chance constrained problem. As the reformulation is not a convex program, we propose new and tight convex approximations based on the piecewise linear approximation method under certain conditions. For the general case, we propose a DC approximation to derive an upper bound and a relaxed convex approximation to derive a lower bound for the optimal value of the original problem, respectively. We also establish the theoretical foundation for these approximations. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out to show that the proposed approximations are practical and efficient. We consider a stochastic n-player non-cooperative game. When the strategy set of each player contains a set of stochastic linear constraints, we model the stochastic linear constraints of each player as a joint chance constraint. For each player, we assume that the row vectors of the matrix defining the stochastic constraints are pairwise independent. Then, we formulate the chance constraints with the viewpoints of normal distribution, elliptical distribution and distributionally robustness, respectively. Under certain conditions, we show the existence of a Nash equilibrium for the stochastic game
Jónsson, Ragner H. "Adaptive subband coding of video using probability distribution models." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14453.
Full textElamir, Elsayed Ali Habib. "Probability distribution theory, generalisations and applications of L-moments." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3987/.
Full textSłowiński, Witold. "Autonomous learning of domain models from probability distribution clusters." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=211059.
Full textSundgren, David. "The Apparent Arbitrariness of Second-Order Probability Distributions." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-54697.
Full textIn placitorum scrutatione maxima et mehercle minime levis difficultas eo spectat, quomodo probabilitates dubiae bene ostendantur. In hac thesi de utilitate distributionum probabilitatum secundi ordinis disseremus, in quantum ad probabilitates dubias ostendendas valeant. Omnibus fere notum est probabilitates dubias ostendi posse per distributiones probabilitatum secundi ordinis, sed pauci operam distributionibus singulis operam contulerunt. Cum tamen distributiones probabilitatum valde inter se diversae sint, si quis proprietatibus desideratis probabilitatum dubiarum secundi ordinis studium conferre vult, primum debet quasdam praescriptas distributiones secundi ordinis investigare. Sed fortasse, quod saepenumero fieri solet, quispiam dixerit probabilitates secundi ordinis nulla, ut videtur, ratione habita quasi vagari quoad delectum distributionis. Nos tamen nonnulla indicia comperimus quibus freti confirmare audemus ipsam formam distributionum secundi ordinis multum valere ad praedictum distributionum secundi ordinis delectum rationabiliter peragendum. Imprimis proprietates duarum distributionum secundi ordinis investigabimus, nimirum distributionis uniformis coniunctae et alterius cuiusdam speciei distributionis quae ‘Dirichleti’ vocatur, quae ex ipsius distributionibus marginalibus ad normam correcta oritur. In hac thesi probamus illam coniunctam uniformem distributionem continere distributiones marginales eius modi quae illos refellant qui negant distributionem uniformem quicquam alicuius momenti afferre. Attamen in illa distributione Dirichleti paulo mutata, quam hoc loco patefacimus, omnia aequaliter inter coniunctas et marginales distributiones divisa sunt, in quantum tota ratio quae inter variantia intercessit ad minimum reducitur. Insuper in hac thesi confirmamus distributiones discretas potius quam antedictas distributiones continuas in hoc utiliores esse, quod per eas limites inferiores in melius mutare licet, et beneficia exspectata accuratius computari possunt.
Adekvat representation av osäkra eller imprecisa sannolikheter är ett avgörande och icke-trivialt problem i beslutsanalys. I denna avhandling diskuteras förtjänsterna hos andra ordningens sannolikheter som en modell för imprecisa sannolikeheter. Att imprecisa sannolikheter kan representeras med andra ordningens sannolikheter är välkänt, men hittills har särskilda andra ordningens föredelningar inte ägnats någon större uppmärksamhet. Då olika sannolikhetsfördelningar har olika egenskaper kräver studiet av önskvärda egenskaper hos modeller för imprecisa sannolikheter en granskning av specifika andra ordningens fördelningar. Den godtycklighet som tycks vidhäfta valet av andra ordningens fördelning är en ofta förekommande invändning mot andra ordingens sannolikhetsfördelningar. Vi finner vissa belägg för at strukturen hos andra ordningens fördelningar är en omständighet som hindrar godtyckligt val av fördelningar. I synnerhet undersöks egenskaper hos två andra ordningens fördelningar; den likformiga simultana fördelningen och en variant av Dirichletfördelningen med egenskapen att vara lika med den normaliserade produkten av sina egna marginalfördelningar. Den likformiga simultana fördelningen visas i avhandligen ha marginalfördelningar som motsäger den förmodat icke-informativa strukturen hos en likformig fördelning. Å andra sidan gäller för den modifierade Dirichletfördelningen som upptäckts här att informationsinnehållet är jämnt fördelat mellan den simultana fördelningen och marginalfördelningarna; den totala korrelationen mellan variablerna är minimal. Det hävdas också i avhandlingen att diskreta sannolikhetsfördelningar i motsats till de kontinuerliga fördelningar som nämnts ovan har fördelen att utgöra en naturlig miljö för uppdatering av undre gränser och dessutom tillåta en mer effektiv beräkning av förväntad nytta.
Merrell, Paul Clark. "Structure from Motion Using Optical Flow Probability Distributions." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd764.pdf.
Full textOakley, Steven James. "Orthogonal polynomials in the approximation of probability distributions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185117.
Full textAndrews, Zoe Helen. "Continuous probability distributions in model-based specification languages." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1696.
Full textPfister, Mark. "Distribution of a Sum of Random Variables when the Sample Size is a Poisson Distribution." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3459.
Full textKorkikian, Roman. "Side-channel and fault analysis in the presence of countermeasures : tools, theory, and practice." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE052/document.
Full textThe goal of the thesis is to develop and improve methods for defeating protected cryptosystems. A new signal decompositionalgorithm, called Hilbert Huang Transform, was adapted to increase the efficiency of side-channel attacks. This technique attempts to overcome hiding countermeasures, such as operation shuffling or the adding of noise to the power consumption. The second contribution of this work is the application of specific Hamming weight distributions of block cipher algorithms, including AES, DES, and LED. These distributions are distinct for each subkey value, thus they serve as intrinsic templates. Hamming weight data can be revealed by side-channel and fault attacks without plaintext and ciphertext. Therefore these distributions can be applied against implementations where plaintext and ciphertext are inaccessible. This thesis shows that some countermeasures serve for attacks. Certain infective RSA countermeasures should protect against single fault injection. However, additional computations facilitate key discovery. Finally, several lightweight countermeasures are proposed. The proposed countermeasures are based on the antagonist masking, which is an operation occurring when targeting data processing, to intelligently mask the overall power consumption
Ackerley, Elizabeth. "Statistical modelling of continuous distributions with a finite probability of zeros." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289034.
Full textLi, Ling. "Sequential Design of Experiments to Estimate a Probability of Failure." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765457.
Full textDackner, Gustav, and Linus Falk. "Measuring the Risk-neutral Probability Distribution of Equity Index Options." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Produktionsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158694.
Full textAlm, Micael. "Probability Modelling of Alpine Permafrost Distribution in Tarfala Valley, Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323971.
Full textA field data collection has been carried out in Tarfala valley at the turn of March to April 2017. The collection resulted in 36 BTS-measurements (Bottom Temperature of Snow cover) that has been used in combination with data from earlier surveys, to create a model of the occurrence of permafrost around Tarfala. To identify meaningful parameters that permafrost relies on, independent variables were tested against BTS in a stepwise regression. The independent variables elevation, aspect, solar radiation, slope angle and curvature were produced for each investigated BTS-point in a geographic information system. The stepwise regression selected elevation as the only significant variable, elevation was applied to a logistic regression to model the permafrost occurrence. The final model showed that the probability of permafrost increases with height. To distinguish between continuous, discontinuous and sporadic permafrost, the model was divided into three zones with intervals of probability. The continuous permafrost is the highest located zone and therefore has the highest likelihood, this zone delimits the discontinuous permafrost at 1523 m a.s.l. The discontinuous permafrost has probabilities between 50-80 % and its lower limit at 1108 m a.s.l. separates the discontinuous zone from the sporadic permafrost.
Luh, Kyle. "Martingale Couplings and Bounds on Tails of Probability Distributions." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/7.
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